WO2014087821A1 - ギヤスピンドルおよびそれを備えた圧延機 - Google Patents
ギヤスピンドルおよびそれを備えた圧延機 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014087821A1 WO2014087821A1 PCT/JP2013/080749 JP2013080749W WO2014087821A1 WO 2014087821 A1 WO2014087821 A1 WO 2014087821A1 JP 2013080749 W JP2013080749 W JP 2013080749W WO 2014087821 A1 WO2014087821 A1 WO 2014087821A1
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- spindle
- gear
- tooth
- inner cylinder
- crowning radius
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
- F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
- F16D3/18—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts the coupling parts (1) having slidably-interengaging teeth
- F16D3/185—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts the coupling parts (1) having slidably-interengaging teeth radial teeth connecting concentric inner and outer coupling parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B35/00—Drives for metal-rolling mills, e.g. hydraulic drives
- B21B35/14—Couplings, driving spindles, or spindle carriers specially adapted for, or specially arranged in, metal-rolling mills
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gear spindle and a rolling mill equipped with the same.
- the work roll of the rolling mill is rotationally driven by an electric motor.
- the rotational driving force by the electric motor is transmitted to a pair of upper and lower work rolls via a transmission having a distribution function and a pair of spindles.
- the spindle is properly used depending on the usage environment such as rolling conditions.
- a rolling mill for rolling a material having a general hardness a UJ spindle (Universal Joint, also known as a propeller shaft) is used, and a relatively high hardness material (for example, a 40% rolling deformation resistance value is about 70 [kg].
- a gear spindle is used in a rolling mill for rolling a high hardness material that rolls a material of / mm 2 ].
- high-strength steel also known as high-tensile steel, for example, a material having a 40% rolling deformation resistance value of about 130 [kg / mm 2 ], which is a further high-hardness material.
- high-strength steel rolling mill for rolling high-strength steel, and accordingly, a high-performance gear spindle for use in the high-strength steel rolling mill is desired.
- the following conditions (1), (2), and (3) are required for a high-performance gear spindle that can be used in this high-strength steel rolling mill.
- a work roll having a smaller diameter than usual is used in order to suppress an increase in rolling force.
- the work rolls are made up of a pair of upper and lower parts and are independently connected to the gear spindle, and are rotated by transmitting rolling power (rotational power) through the gear spindle. Therefore, the gear spindle is made up of a pair of upper and lower like the work roll, and the connecting portion of the gear spindle with the work roll needs to have a diameter smaller than the work roll diameter so that the gear spindles installed in the upper and lower pair do not interfere with each other. is there.
- rolling is performed.
- the work roll diameter D W 250 [mm]
- the work roll diameter DW is the minimum usable diameter. As the work roll is subjected to rolling, the surface is worn by contact with the material to be rolled, and the work roll diameter DW is gradually reduced with use because the surface is often polished by a polishing machine.
- the difference between the maximum diameter and the minimum diameter of the work roll is generally about 10%.
- the rolling torque T in the rolling mill is T ⁇ f (F) + f (D W ) because it depends on the deformation resistance value F of the material to be rolled and the work roll diameter D W.
- the work roll diameter DW in the rolling mill for high-strength steel rolling is smaller than the work roll diameter DW in the rolling mill for high-hardness material rolling. Since it is much larger than the deformation resistance value of the material, the rolling torque required for rolling the high strength steel is larger than the rolling torque required for rolling the conventional high hardness material.
- the intensity of the allowable transmission torque T a in-gear spindle of a conventional hardened steel for rolling mill index T / D 3 (T: required torque transmitted per one-gear spindle [ton ⁇ m], D: gear spindle outside diameter [mm]) is, T / D 3 ⁇ 0.4 [ ton / m 2] a is whereas, the allowable transmission torque T a in-gear spindle high tensile strength steel for rolling mill strength index T / D 3 Is T / D 3 ⁇ 0.6 to 0.8 [ton / m 2 ].
- the deformation resistance of the rolled material increases, so does the allowable transmission torque T a strength index T / D 3 of.
- the strength index T / D 3 [ton / m 2 ] of the transmission torque T is a description in which “ ⁇ 10 9 ” is omitted.
- the original description is that the gear spindle outer diameter D [mm] is changed to the gear spindle outer diameter D. Since the unit is converted into ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 [m] and substituted, it becomes (T / D 3 ) ⁇ 10 9 [ton / m 2 ] .
- the gear spindle outer diameter D [mm] The strength index of the transmission torque T with respect to the above is assumed to be T / D 3 [ton / m 2 ], which is omitted as described above.
- the production capacity of the rolling mill is expressed by a multiplier of a plate thickness, a plate width, and a rolling speed.
- production is performed with the plate thickness and width of the material to be rolled constant, and the production capacity of the rolling mill depends on the rolling speed.
- the rolling speed V of the rolling mill depends on the work roll diameter D W and the work roll rotation speed N, V ⁇ D W ⁇ N.
- the work roll diameter DW in the rolling mill for high strength steel rolling is smaller than the work roll diameter DW in the rolling mill for high-hardness material rolling, so that the rolling speed V is inevitably at the same rotational speed N. Decreases, and the production capacity of the rolling mill also decreases.
- a rolling mill for high strength steel rolling it is necessary to rotate a work roll at a higher speed than a rolling mill for high hardness material rolling in order to ensure production capacity equivalent to that of a rolling mill for high hardness material rolling. That is, a high-strength steel rolling mill is required to have a gear spindle capable of high-speed rotation.
- the resonance rotational speed Nc indicating the ease of vibration of a rotating body such as a gear spindle depends on the outer diameter D of the rotating body and the length L of the rotating body, so Nc ⁇ f (D) / f (L) It becomes. That is, the smaller the outer diameter of the rotating body, the easier the resonance, and the longer the length of the rotating body, the easier the resonance.
- Allowable transmission torque T a gear spindle which depends on the inclination angle ⁇ and the gear spindle outer diameter D when using a gear spindle.
- the inclination angle ⁇ is larger small gear spindle outer diameter D
- the allowable transmission torque T a of the gear spindle increases, the T a ⁇ f (D) / f ( ⁇ ).
- One of the gear spindles is connected to the transmission and rotated while the other is connected to the work roll. Therefore, if the height of the shaft of the work roll is the same as that of the transmission, the inclination angle ⁇ of the gear spindle is 0 °, which is the optimum condition for strength.
- the work roll diameter has to be narrower than usual due to the limitation of the rolling load, while the transmission has to be enlarged for high torque transmission. Therefore, since the deviation between the shaft center height of the transmission and the work roll shaft center height is larger than the conventional one, the inclination angle ⁇ of the high-strength steel rolling gear spindle must be larger than that of a normal gear spindle. This indicates that the allowable transmission torque of the gear spindle is smaller than usual.
- the high-strength steel rolling gear spindle is likely to vibrate due to its thin outer diameter, and the longer the gear spindle length L, the more likely it is to generate vibration. Therefore, it can be said that it is difficult to realize with the current technology.
- Patent Document 1 As a gear spindle in a rolling mill that rolls a material having a relatively high hardness, for example, Patent Document 1 is known. This is because the oil supply hole and the oil supply amount detection hole are provided in the oil chamber so that the seal member is not damaged by pressing the seal member with the lubricant, and the lubricant leaks from the damaged part of the seal member. This is a technique that eliminates the risk of the occurrence of the trouble and shortens the working time by replenishing the lubricating oil and replacing the seal member.
- the inner cylinder is divided into a hub having external teeth and a gear spindle, and a structure between them is detachable by a spline.
- the gear spindle strength may be slightly reduced by this divided structure, it is prioritized to replace the inner cylinder outer teeth as soon as possible, rather than the disadvantages.
- One of the purposes of the gear spindle is to allow the shaft center deviation ( ⁇ H) in the height direction on both sides (work roll side and transmission side) to rotate. Therefore, the inner teeth of the outer cylinder are flat teeth, but the outer teeth of the inner cylinder are provided with a thicker crowning at the center of the teeth than at both ends. This crowning prevents the coupling from locking due to interference between the inner and outer teeth of the coupling due to the axial deviation ( ⁇ H). Therefore, in the past, priority has been given to securing a large degree of lock margin, and it has been considered that the crowning radius should not be so large.
- Factors that determine the allowable transmission torque of the gear spindle include tooth surface pressure, tooth root bending stress, and PV value. Recent progress in tooth surface heat treatment, specifically from tempering to nitriding and high frequency treatment And the progress to carburizing treatment has greatly improved the tooth surface pressure strength. Therefore, the factors that determine the current allowable transmission torque are the root bending stress and the PV value, and progress in this aspect is required.
- the main parameters that determine the root bending stress ⁇ are the torque T, the inclination angle ⁇ , the gear spindle outer diameter D, and the tooth width B, which are considered to be ⁇ T ⁇ f ( ⁇ ) / (D 2 ⁇ B). It has been. That is, the crowning radius has not been regarded as a tooth root strength parameter.
- the inner teeth of the outer cylinder of the gear coupling are flat teeth, whereas the outer teeth of the inner cylinder are crowned in the tooth width direction, so the gear in the gear spindle is flat in the tooth width direction.
- the crowning radius Cr is an important parameter of the tooth root strength, and if the crowning radius Cr is increased, the teeth are easily flattened, and the load range in the tooth width direction on the tooth pitch circle diameter is widened. Since the load sharing range of the tooth root becomes wider, the tooth root strength is remarkably improved.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and by selecting an optimal combination of a crowning radius and a tooth width, high-speed rolling is possible and tooth surface pressure strength, tooth root bending strength, and PV The purpose is to improve the value.
- the strength of the gear spindle was determined by the pitch circle diameter of the gear, but the present invention gained the knowledge that the strength of the gear is increased by increasing the crowning radius of the gear.
- a high-speed, high-strength small-diameter spindle that takes into account the root bending stress at the same time has been achieved.
- the center swells along the tooth width direction on the tooth width B of the inner cylinder gear portion.
- B 32 ⁇ Cr 0.247 [mm] is 0.
- the backlash required by the combination is a curve formed by connecting innumerable intersections that are the maximum allowable backlash in the inner cylindrical gear portion and the outer cylindrical gear portion.
- a gear spindle according to a third invention for solving the above-described problems includes a spindle inner cylinder provided with an inner cylindrical gear portion of an external gear on one end side, and an outer cylindrical gear portion of an internal gear fitted to the inner cylindrical gear portion.
- B 18 ⁇ exp (0.001 ⁇ Cr) [mm]
- a gear spindle according to a fifth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is characterized in that in any one of the first to fourth inventions, the tooth surface is subjected to shot blasting.
- a gear spindle according to a sixth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is characterized in that, in any one of the first to fourth inventions, the tooth surface is subjected to a manganese phosphate coating treatment.
- a gear spindle according to a seventh invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is characterized in that, in any one of the first to fourth inventions, the tooth surface is treated with a molybdenum disulfide film.
- a gear spindle according to an eighth invention that solves the above-described problem is the gear surface according to any one of the first to seventh inventions, by spraying a cooling fluid onto the outer surface of the spindle outer cylinder and the spindle inner cylinder.
- a cooling fluid onto the outer surface of the spindle outer cylinder and the spindle inner cylinder.
- Each of the tooth surfaces of the lubricant and the spindle outer cylinder and the spindle inner cylinder is forcibly cooled.
- a gear spindle according to a ninth invention for solving the above-described problems is the gear spindle according to any one of the first to eighth inventions, wherein a pitch circle diameter in the inner cylindrical gear portion is D P [mm] and a gear pressure angle is ⁇ [degrees]. ], Mn [mm] for the gear module, Cr [mm] for the crowning radius, B [mm] for the tooth width, d [mm] for the minimum diameter of the portion of the inner cylinder spindle that moves from the tooth end to the neck, and the tooth tip
- a rolling mill that solves the above problems is a pair of upper and lower work rolls for rolling a material to be rolled, and a pair of upper and lower work rolls that are independently connected to each other, and a pair of upper and lower work rolls.
- a pair of upper and lower gear spindles for independently transmitting rotational power; a transmission coupled to the pair of upper and lower gear spindles; a gear coupling coupled to the transmission and transmitting rotational power to the transmission; and a gear coupling;
- a rolling mill including an electric motor that is connected and that supplies rotational power to a gear coupling, wherein the gear spindle is a gear spindle according to any one of the first to ninth inventions.
- 1200 [mm] ⁇ Cr ⁇ 4000 [mm] is a range where the allowable transmission torque is expected to be improved and can be used practically, and within this range, the crowning radius Cr By setting this, the allowable transmission torque can be improved without fear of damage at the neck of the spindle inner cylinder.
- the crowning radius Cr is increased, the load sharing range of the tooth root is widened, so that the tooth root strength is improved.
- the load sharing range of the tooth root becomes wider, the tooth root strength is improved, and the spindle strength (surface pressure, bending, PV value) is improved, so that it is not necessary to make the spindle inclination angle smaller than necessary.
- B ⁇ 59.04 ⁇ exp (0.0005 ⁇ Cr) [mm] is in a state where the tooth root bending stress does not exceed the allowable value.
- the teeth are not broken and the rotational power can be transmitted with a large torque.
- B ⁇ 32 ⁇ Cr 0.247 [mm] is a state in which the backlash amount does not exceed the allowable value, the rotational power can be transmitted with a large torque without causing the meshing to deteriorate due to the excessive backlash amount. .
- 1200 [mm] ⁇ Cr ⁇ 4000 [mm] is a range in which the allowable transmission torque is expected to be improved and can be used practically, and within this range, the crowning radius Cr By setting this, the allowable transmission torque can be improved without fear of damage at the neck of the spindle inner cylinder. If the crowning radius Cr is increased outside this range, the neck diameter d at the neck decreases and the torsional stress at the neck increases, which may cause damage to the neck of the spindle inner cylinder.
- B ⁇ 18 ⁇ exp (0.001 ⁇ Cr) [mm] is in a state where the root bending stress does not exceed the allowable value, so there is no possibility of breaking the teeth. High speed rotation and large transmission torque can also be handled. Furthermore, since B ⁇ 19 ⁇ Cr 0.292 [mm] is a state where the backlash amount does not exceed the allowable value, it does not deteriorate the meshing due to the excessive backlash amount, and can cope with high speed rotation and large transmission torque. Can do. In addition, since the allowable transmission torque of the teeth is not reduced and no allowance for use such as machining error or secular change is taken into consideration, further cost reduction, weight reduction and compactness can be achieved.
- the gear spindle it is possible to prevent the oil film from being cut by generating a dimple-shaped fine recess on the tooth surface and storing oil in the recess, and the inner cylindrical gear portion and the outer cylindrical gear portion. Seizure of the tooth surface can be suppressed. Therefore, seizure of the tooth surface does not occur even when a large torque is transmitted, so that the allowable transmission torque in the gear spindle can be further improved.
- the film has oil holding power and good initial familiarity, so generation of frictional heat can be suppressed, and the inner cylindrical gear portion. And the seizure of the tooth surface in the outer cylindrical gear portion can be suppressed. Therefore, seizure of the tooth surface does not occur even when a large torque is transmitted, so that the allowable transmission torque in the gear spindle can be further improved.
- the gear spindle of the seventh invention by firing the solid lubricant on the tooth surface, even if the oil is depleted, it is possible to prevent metal contact with the solid lubricant, and the inner cylindrical gear portion. And the seizure of the tooth surface in the outer cylindrical gear portion can be suppressed. Therefore, seizure of the tooth surface does not occur even when a large torque is transmitted, so that the allowable transmission torque in the gear spindle can be further improved.
- the external surface of the spindle outer cylinder is forcibly cooled externally, so that the temperature rise of the contact portion can be suppressed, and the seizure resistance is improved.
- the gear spindle according to the ninth aspect of the present invention by increasing the neck diameter without hindering the crowning process, the torsional strength at the neck can be increased and the possibility of breakage at the neck can be reduced.
- the rolling mill of the tenth invention it is possible to cope with high-speed rotation and a large transmission torque without causing the meshing to be deteriorated due to excessive backlash and without breaking the teeth beyond the allowable root bending stress. . Further, since the torsional stress at the neck of the spindle inner cylinder of the gear spindle is reduced, the possibility of damage to the teeth is reduced, and the surface pressure at the tooth surfaces of the inner cylindrical gear part and the outer cylindrical gear part of the gear spindle is reduced. Therefore, the possibility of seizing on the tooth surface is reduced.
- FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view (sectional view taken along arrow IV-IV in FIG. 3) showing a fitting portion between an inner cylindrical gear portion and an outer cylindrical gear portion in the gear spindle according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the gear spindle according to the present invention is provided with a crowning of a radius Cr on the teeth of the tooth width B in the inner cylindrical gear portion so that the center swells along the tooth width direction and both tooth ends are thin.
- the crowning radius Cr is set to 1200 [mm] to 4000 [mm] which is much larger than the conventional one
- the tooth width B suitable for the crowning radius Cr is set to the inclination angle and the tooth used.
- the function B 0.0272 ⁇ Cr + 28 [mm] based on the element per piece at the end
- the function B 59.04 ⁇ exp (0.0005 ⁇ Cr) [mm] based on the element of the root bending stress
- the backlash 32 ⁇ Cr 0.247 [mm] based on the quantity element is obtained from the graphed relationship.
- the rolling mill 1 of this embodiment is connected to a pair of upper and lower work rolls 2 for rolling a material to be rolled and a pair of upper and lower work rolls 2 independently, and a pair of upper and lower work rolls.
- a pair of upper and lower gear spindles 3 that transmit rotational power to the roll 2 independently, and a pair of upper and lower gear spindles 3 are connected to shift the rotational power to a predetermined rotational speed
- a transmission 4 that is distributed to the gear spindle 3 a gear coupling 5 that is connected to the transmission 4 and transmits rotational power to the transmission 4, and a gear coupling 5 that is connected to the transmission 4, and the rotational power is transmitted to the gear coupling 5.
- an electric motor 6 to be supplied.
- the gear spindle 3 includes an intermediate shaft 10 disposed at an intermediate portion of the gear spindle 3, a spindle inner cylinder 12 and a spindle outer cylinder 20 provided on one end side of the intermediate shaft 10 and connecting the intermediate shaft 10 and the work roll 2.
- the spindle inner cylinder 13 and the spindle outer cylinder 30 are provided on the other end side of the intermediate shaft 10 and connect the intermediate shaft 10 and the transmission 4.
- the inner cylinder gear portion 40 (external teeth) provided on one end side of the spindle inner cylinder 12 and the outer cylinder gear portion 50 (internal teeth) provided on one end side of the spindle outer cylinder 20 are fitted.
- a fitting hole 60 having an oval cross section provided on the other end of the spindle outer cylinder 20 (hereinafter referred to as an oval hole 60) and a fitting having an oval cross section provided at the end of the work roll 2.
- the protrusion 70 (hereinafter referred to as a work roll oval portion 70) is fitted.
- the gear spindle 3 of the present embodiment can be used as a strength index of the allowable transmission torque Ta under optimum conditions so that ultra-high strength steel can be rolled.
- T is a transmission torque [ton ⁇ m] transmitted to the work roll 2 via the gear spindle 3
- D is a gear spindle outer diameter [mm] in the spindle outer cylinder 20.
- Allowable transmission torque T a of the gear spindle 3 also by such the inclination angle ⁇ and crowning radius Cr and face width B described below not only the gear spindle outer diameter D.
- the inclination angle ⁇ and the gear spindle outer diameter D are numerical values that can be determined by other factors, and the degree of freedom in setting them is low.
- the crowning radius Cr and the tooth width B are numerical values that can be determined by design and have a high degree of freedom in setting. Therefore, in this embodiment, under the numerical settings shown below, by optimally setting the crowning radius Cr and the tooth width B to be described later, it is improved over conventional the allowable transmission torque T a of the gear spindle 3.
- the gear spindle outer diameter D is slightly smaller than the work roll diameter D W so that the upper and lower spindle outer cylinders 20 do not interfere with each other. Small diameter.
- the center distance L 3 which is the distance from the open end 61 of the oval hole 60 to the tooth width center 41 of the inner cylinder gear 40, is greater than or equal to the fitting length L 2 between the work roll oval part 70 and the oval hole 60. If the length is too long, loose vibration between the spindle outer cylinder 20 and the work roll 2 is likely to occur. Therefore, L 2 / L 3 is preferably as large as possible from the viewpoint of vibration prevention. In this embodiment, the fitting length L 2 and the center distance L 3 are set to (L 2 / L 3 ) ⁇ 0.65.
- fitting length L 2 is required to be set to the minimum necessary. Therefore, when the fitting length L 2 is constant, the center distance L 3 is shorter it can be said that good.
- the thickness of the partition wall 62 separating the oval hole 60 of the spindle outer cylinder 20 and the outer cylinder gear portion 50 is L 62
- the lubrication provided for supplying the lubricating oil to the outer cylinder gear portion 50 and the inner cylinder gear portion 40 is L 3
- L 3 L 2 + L 62 + L 63 + B / 2.
- L 62 and L 63 need to be minimized.
- the partition wall 62 is a wall that supports the entire spindle outer cylinder 20 so that the oval hole 60 is deformed into an ellipse by rolling torque, whereas the outer cylinder gear portion 50 is not distorted into an ellipse, and has a thickness of a certain degree or more. L62 is required. Further, since the spindle 3 of this embodiment has a high torque and a high rotation speed, the tooth portion generates a large amount of heat. However, since the inner diameter of the lubricating oil chamber 63 that encloses the lubricating oil is small because the spindle 3 has a reduced diameter, a certain length L 63 is necessary to secure the lubricating oil amount in the lubricating oil chamber 63. is there.
- the tooth width B is an important dimension for securing the strength of the gear spindle, but it is preferable that the tooth width B is narrow within the range. In this embodiment, the tooth width B ⁇ 250 [mm].
- the distance L 4 between the upper and lower roll axes of the work roll oval portion 70 in the upper and lower work rolls 2 is determined by the minimum usable diameter D W of the work roll 2. Since the high strength steel has a large deformation resistance, the diameter of the work roll 2 is reduced. Therefore, the distance L 4 (see FIG. 2) between the upper and lower roll axes of the work roll oval portion 70 in the upper and lower work rolls 2 is small.
- the transmission distribution gear (not shown) of the transmission 4 is increased in diameter. Therefore, the distance L 5 between the upper and lower output shafts of the transmission distribution gear shaft 80 in the upper and lower transmission distribution gears (see FIG. 2) is large.
- the gear spindle 3 is installed so as to connect the transmission distribution gear shaft 80 of the transmission 4 and the work roll oval portion 70 of the work roll 2, and the spindle inner cylinder 12 is connected to the spindle outer cylinder 20 and the workpiece. It is used in a state where it is inclined with respect to the roll oval portion 70 by an inclination angle ⁇ .
- the distance L 5 (FIG. 2) between the upper and lower output shafts of the transmission 4 that contributes to the inclination angle ⁇ is determined by the required transmission torque Tr and other conditions, and varies depending on the equipment. Further, the upper and lower roll axis distance L 4 of the upper and lower work rolls 2 of the oval portion 70, varies depending on the wear and polishing with the use of the rolling conditions and the work roll 2, such as setting thickness of the rolled material.
- the gear spindle 3 needs to allow a certain range of inclination angle ⁇ in consideration of these.
- the inclination angle ⁇ between the spindle inner cylinder 12 and the spindle outer cylinder 20 is set to 0.6 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1.6 °.
- Allowable transmission torque T a in-gear spindle 3 having an inclination angle ⁇ is always rather than all the teeth are transmitted in contact in the inner cylindrical gear portion 40 and the outer cylinder gear unit 50, is for each moment inner cylindrical gear portion Only a certain percentage of the teeth 40 and the outer cylinder gear portion 50 are transmitted in contact with each other. If the inclination angle ⁇ is large, the number of teeth that contribute to transmission of the transmission torque T every moment is further reduced.
- the gear spindle for rolling high strength steel as in the present embodiment has a very large necessary transmission torque Tr , so that it is necessary to share the load with as many teeth as possible. Therefore, it is preferable that the inclination angle ⁇ is small.
- the roll diameter becomes narrower than usual due to the rolling load limitation, while the transmission is enlarged for high torque transmission.
- the difference (L 5 ⁇ L 4 ) between the vertical output shaft distance L 5 and the vertical roll shaft distance L 4 which is the roll axis height, tends to increase.
- the inclination angle ⁇ of the gear spindle 3 in the rolling mill 1 represented by tan ⁇ (L 5 ⁇ L 4 ) / L 1 must be increased to some extent.
- the gear for the high tensile strength steel rolling As a use condition of the spindle, the inclination angle ⁇ can be set to ⁇ ⁇ 1.6 °. As for the lower limit of the inclination angle ⁇ , it is sufficient to satisfy 0.6 ° ⁇ ⁇ even if the transmission specifications vary depending on the equipment and the roll diameter changes during use. Therefore, 0.6 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1.6 ° is reasonable for the range of the inclination angle ⁇ of the gear spindle for rolling high strength steel.
- the tooth tip 43 of the inner cylinder gear portion 40 has a radius of curvature R in the pitch circle in the tooth width direction.
- the crowning of the radius of curvature Cr is set so that the center of the teeth of the inner cylindrical gear portion 40 swells along the tooth width direction and both tooth ends 44 are thin.
- the tooth tip radius R and the crowning radius Cr have the following relationship.
- the inner cylindrical gear portion 40 does not come into contact with the tooth surface 51 of the outer cylindrical gear portion 50 at the tooth end portion 44.
- the tooth surface 42 comes into contact with elastic deformation.
- the inner cylinder gear portion 40 and the outer cylinder gear portion 50 are not always in contact at the same location during rotation of the gear spindle 3, but are in contact while moving the contact location. That is, the contact portion between the inner cylinder gear portion 40 and the outer cylinder gear portion 50 is at a position that is different every moment.
- the contact portion 90a where the instantaneous contact portion is closest to one end side (hereinafter referred to as the outermost contact portion 90a) and the contact portion 90b where the instantaneous contact portion is closest to the other end side (
- the inner cylindrical gear portion 40 and the outer cylindrical gear portion 50 are in contact with each other while moving the contact portion at a cycle of one reciprocation per rotation.
- the contact portion between the inner cylindrical gear portion 40 and the outer cylindrical gear portion 50 approaches the tooth width center 41, the tooth surface 42 of the inner cylindrical gear portion 40 and the tooth surface 51 of the outer cylindrical gear portion 50 are separated from each other and contacted. Sometimes not.
- the distance S 1 between the endmost contact portions 90a and 90b is short, the tooth surface 42 and the outer cylindrical gear portion 50 of the inner cylindrical gear portion 40 tooth
- the range in which the surface 51 can contact (hereinafter referred to as the contact range S) is narrow.
- the area of the contact part for every moment (90a in FIG. 5A) is small, the surface pressure P in the contact part for every moment is large.
- the crowning radius Cr is set small, the contact range S becomes narrow, so the tooth width B can be set small, and if the crowning radius Cr is set large, the contact range S becomes wide, so the tooth width B Must be set larger.
- the tooth width B is set small with respect to the large crowning radius Cr in the inner cylindrical gear portion 40, the tooth end 44 is in the contact range S, and tooth breakage due to partial contact at the tooth end 44 occurs. There is a fear. Therefore, the contact area S is not to reach the tooth end 44, is set based on a crowning radius Cr necessary minimum tooth width B for (denoted tooth width B 1 in this case) in the following equation (2).
- the tooth width B with respect to the crowning radius Cr is set to be smaller than the formula (2), the tooth end 44 is caused to come into contact with one another, and the teeth may be broken. Therefore, the tooth width B with respect to the crowning radius Cr is set to be larger than the formula (2) in order to eliminate the possibility of tooth breakage due to the one-side contact at the tooth end 44. That is, the tooth width B with respect to the crowning radius Cr is set to B ⁇ 0.0272 ⁇ Cr + 28 [mm].
- the shape of the contact portion 90a extends in the tooth width direction and becomes longer. Since the effective tooth width Bh at the tooth root, which is the path of the force for transmitting the acting force acting on the contact portion 90a from the tooth surface 42 to the other through the tooth bottom 45, is also increased, the tooth root bending stress ⁇ is reduced.
- the outer cylindrical gear portion 50 since the tooth base of the outer cylindrical gear portion 50 which is an internal tooth is thicker than the tooth base of the inner cylindrical gear portion 40 which is an external tooth, the outer cylindrical gear portion 50 is stronger than the inner cylindrical gear portion 40. . Therefore, it shows by the intensity
- set tooth width B of the allowable dedendum bending stress sigma a (representing the tooth width of the case and B 2) on the basis of the following equation (3).
- the main parameters that determine the root bending stress ⁇ are the torque T, the inclination angle ⁇ , the gear spindle outer diameter D, and the effective tooth width Bh, which is considered as the following equation (4).
- the minimum allowable crowning radius Cr that keeps the root bending stress ⁇ below the allowable value ⁇ a is determined by the equation (4). 3) determines the minimum tooth width B optimum for the minimum allowable crowning radius Cr.
- the crowning radius Cr is set to a value less than the necessary minimum, even if the tooth width B is set to a value larger than the optimum value in order to complement it, it does not contribute to the strength, and the root of the tooth.
- the bending stress sigma exceeds the allowable value sigma a, tooth there is a fear of breakage.
- the minimum allowable crowning radius Cr and the minimum tooth width B can be obtained. Therefore, the crowning radius Cr is set to an allowable minimum value or more, and the tooth width B is set to a minimum value that does not cause contact when the crowning radius Cr is given. This can be expressed by the following formula. B ⁇ 59.04 ⁇ exp (0.0005 ⁇ Cr) [mm]
- Formula (3) is a setting considering the sudden maximum load during operation and the like (minimum tooth width) in the minimum tooth width B where there is no risk of tooth breakage due to one-side contact at the tooth end 44.
- the calculation is performed by setting 20 mm from both tooth ends 44 in B).
- the surface pressure P of the contact portion in the inner cylindrical gear portion 40 and the outer cylindrical gear portion 50 greatly affects seizure on the tooth surface 42 of the inner cylindrical gear portion 40 and the tooth surface 51 of the outer cylindrical gear portion 50. .
- the surface pressure P is large, the risk of seizure increases.
- the surface pressure P is small, the risk of seizure decreases. Therefore, as described above, when the crowning radius Cr is increased, the surface pressure P of the contact portion decreases, so that there is a risk of seizing on the tooth surface 42 of the inner cylindrical gear portion 40 and the tooth surface 51 of the outer cylindrical gear portion 50. Can be reduced.
- the crowning radius Cr is set smaller than the minimum crowning radius Cr 1 , the gear spindle 3 can cope only when the inclination angle ⁇ is small and the required transmission torque Tr is small. Therefore, the crowning radius Cr is set to be larger than Cr 1 so as to cope with a case where the inclination angle ⁇ is large or a case where the necessary transmission torque Tr is large. That is, the crowning radius Cr is set to Cr ⁇ 1200 [mm].
- ⁇ 0.6 ° to 1.6 ° without interference of both teeth.
- the crowning is set and the backlash that is the gap between the teeth is set.
- the backlash amount BL is extremely large, tooth play increases and causes vibration.
- an allowable value depending on the module Mn is set as the allowable maximum backlash amount BL for preventing harmful vibration based on the following equation (4).
- backlash fluctuation due to machining error and secular change is not considered.
- the backlash amount BL necessary for smooth rotation is also determined by the inclination angle ⁇ of the gear spindle 3 and the crowning radius Cr. According. A large backlash amount BL is necessary when the inclination angle ⁇ is large, and a large backlash amount BL is also necessary when the crowning radius Cr is large. Further, as the crowning radius Cr increases, the required tooth width B also increases. Therefore, with respect to the crowning radius Cr, backlash BL is set on the basis of the equation (5) tooth width B which is a permissible value by (representing the tooth width of the case and B 3) in the following equation (6).
- this equation (6) is the crowning radius Cr in which the backlash amount BL is an allowable value according to the equation (5) with respect to an arbitrary inclination angle ⁇ and the conditions thereof, as shown in FIG. Is a formula obtained by plotting and approximating the tooth width B that does not cause any contact at the tooth end.
- Formula (6) is a setting considering the sudden maximum load during operation and the like (minimum tooth width) in the minimum tooth width B where there is no risk of tooth breakage due to one-side contact at the tooth end 44. The calculation is performed by setting 20 mm from both tooth ends 44 in B).
- the crowning radius Cr is set to be equal to or less than the maximum allowable value
- the tooth width B is set to a minimum value that does not cause a single contact when the crowning radius Cr is given. This can be expressed by the following formula. B ⁇ 32 ⁇ Cr 0.247 [mm]
- the size of the root circle of the tooth base 45 (hereinafter, referred to as a root circle diameter D B) are along the tooth width direction And decreases as it goes from the tooth width center 41 toward the tooth end 44.
- the tip radius R and the crowning radius Cr are in the relationship of the above-described formula (1), the tip radius R is small when the crowning radius Cr is small, and the tip radius R is small when the crowning radius Cr is large. large. Therefore, in the same tooth width B, and increasing the crowning radius Cr, dedendum diameter D B at the tooth end 44 because tooth tip radius R increases increases.
- the crowning radius Cr there is a small factor and factor dedendum diameter D B is increased, the tooth gap bottom diameter D B is reduced as a result.
- the neck diameter d of the neck portion 11 of the spindle in the cylinder 12 needs to be smaller than the tooth gap bottom diameter D B in fabrication processing problems. That is, when the crowning radius Cr is increased, the neck diameter d at the neck portion 11 is decreased, and the torsional stress at the neck portion 11 is increased.
- the endmost contact portions 90a, 90b and the distance S 1 is bending moment length of, the larger the crowning radius Cr than crowning radius Cr is small endmost contact portions 90a, 90b a distance S 1 of the long. Therefore, M ⁇ F ⁇ S 1 acts on the neck portion 11 of the spindle inner cylinder 12 where the bending moment is M. That is, when the crowning radius Cr is increased, the bending moment M at the neck 11 increases and the bending stress at the neck 11 increases.
- the maximum crowning is set as the upper limit value as shown in FIG.
- the crowning radius Cr is set to be larger than the maximum crowning radius Cr 2 , both the torsional stress and the bending stress in the neck portion 11 are increased, so that the neck portion 11 of the spindle inner cylinder 12 may be damaged. Therefore, the crowning radius C is set to be smaller than the maximum crowning radius Cr 2 in order to eliminate the possibility of damage to the neck 11 due to excessive stress due to the resultant of the torsional stress and bending stress at the neck 11. That is, the crowning radius Cr is set to Cr ⁇ 4000 [mm].
- the gear spindle 3 in which the crowning radius Cr and the tooth width B are set as described above is further subjected to the following processing and the shape is specified.
- the possibility of seizing on the tooth surface 42 of the inner cylinder gear portion 40 and the tooth surface 51 of the outer cylinder gear portion 50 is further reduced, and the strength of the spindle inner cylinder 12 is increased. It becomes possible to transmit T more stably.
- the surface pressure P applied to the tooth surface 42 of the inner cylinder gear portion 40 and the tooth surface 51 of the outer cylinder gear portion 50 is large, and the tooth surface 42, The amount of heat at 51 is high.
- the diameter of the gear spindle 3 is reduced as the work roll 2 is reduced in diameter, the amount of lubricating oil that can be sealed in the inner cylindrical gear portion 40 and the outer cylindrical gear portion 50 in the gear spindle 3 is small. Therefore, in order to further reduce the possibility of seizure of the tooth surface 42 of the inner cylinder gear portion 40 and the tooth surface 51 of the outer cylinder gear portion 50, it is preferable to perform a process having an effect of suppressing the temperature rise due to frictional heat.
- the cause of the seizure of the tooth surfaces 42 and 51 is the heat generation due to the oil film cutting of the tooth surfaces 42 and 51 and the metal contact, and insufficient cooling of the heat generation.
- reduction of the surface pressure P reduction of the sliding speed V, enhancement of the oil film holding capacity, setting of a solid lubricant, and the like
- countermeasures for cooling power include external forced cooling and the like.
- the reduction of the surface pressure P the effect of setting the above-mentioned crowning is expected.
- the fall of the sliding speed V since it depends on rolling conditions, such as a rolling speed and an inclination angle, the freedom degree of a setting is low.
- the generation of frictional heat in the inner cylinder gear portion 40 and the outer cylinder gear portion 50 is suppressed by enhancing the oil film holding capacity and setting the solid lubricant, and cooling the spindle inner cylinder 12 and the spindle outer cylinder 20 by external forced cooling. To suppress the temperature rise of the tooth surfaces 42 and 51.
- shot blasting is performed on the tooth surfaces 42 and 51 of the inner cylinder gear portion 40 and the outer cylinder gear portion 50. Shot blasting has the effect of preventing oil film breakage by generating fine dimples in the tooth surfaces 42 and 51 and storing oil in the depressions.
- the manganese phosphate coating is applied to the tooth surfaces 42 and 51 of the inner cylinder gear portion 40 and the outer cylinder gear portion 50. Since the manganese phosphate coating is a porous crystal, the coating has oil retention and good initial conformability, and therefore has the effect of suppressing the generation of frictional heat.
- molybdenum disulfide firing is performed on the tooth surfaces 42 and 51 of the inner cylinder gear portion 40 and the outer cylinder gear portion 50.
- Molybdenum disulfide firing has the effect of preventing metal contact with the solid lubricant by firing the solid lubricant on the tooth surfaces 42 and 51 even if the oil is exhausted.
- a cooling fluid is sprayed onto the spindle outer cylinder 20 on the work roll 2 side and the spindle outer cylinder 30 on the transmission 4 side, and the tooth surfaces and tooth surfaces of the spindle outer cylinders 20, 30 and the spindle inner cylinders 12, 13. Forcibly cool the lubricating oil in between.
- the lubricating oil chamber 63 provided in the inner cylinder gear portion 40 and the outer cylinder gear portion 50 is isolated from the outside by a seal member 64 and is filled with high-viscosity lubricating oil.
- the viscosity of the lubricating oil decreases as the temperature rises, and oil film breakage is likely to occur in the inner cylindrical gear portion 40 and the outer cylindrical gear portion 50.
- the gear spindle 3 is used at a high temperature for a long time, the lubricity is deteriorated due to the deterioration of the lubricating oil. Therefore, forced cooling of the gear spindle 3 from the outside is very effective in preventing oil film breakage and preventing deterioration of the lubricating oil.
- cooling fluid examples include rolling roll coolant and gear oil for transmission lubrication. Although both fluids have a sufficient cooling effect, the oil film strength is extremely weak compared to the high-viscosity lubricating oil used for the gear spindle 3, and as a tooth surface lubricant in the inner cylindrical gear portion 40 and the outer cylindrical gear portion 50, It is unsuitable. Therefore, as described above, the lubricating oil chamber 63 is isolated from the outside by the seal member 64, thereby preventing the cooling fluid from entering the lubricating oil chamber 63 and preventing the lubricating oil from flowing out to the outside. Yes.
- a large amount of rolling roll coolant is injected in the vicinity of the work roll 2 for the purpose of lowering the coefficient of friction between the material to be rolled and the work roll 2 and cooling the work roll 2. Further, a large amount of gear oil for transmission lubrication is injected into the transmission 4 for the purpose of reducing the friction coefficient of the gears and bearings of the transmission 4 and cooling. Therefore, it is relatively easy to employ these fluids for cooling the gear spindle 3, and a great effect can be expected.
- the strength of the inner cylindrical gear part 40 is improved by optimally setting the crowning radius Cr and the tooth width B in the inner cylindrical gear part 40, the allowable transmission torque T a as the gear spindle 3 has improved.
- the inner cylinder gear portion 40 may not be the weakest portion of the gear spindle 3. That is, even to improve the strength of the inner cylindrical gear portion 40, as long as sufficient strength in the portion other than the inner cylindrical gear portion 40, it is impossible to sufficiently increase the allowable transmission torque T a of the gear spindle 3. Therefore, the improvement of the allowable transmission torque T a as the gear spindle 3, it is essential to improve the overall strength, including other portions.
- the strength of the gear spindle 3 excluding the inner cylinder gear portion 40 depends on the neck diameter d of the neck portion 11 whose outer diameter is the smallest of the gear spindles 3. Allowable transmission torque T a The greater the Kubi ⁇ d increases, the allowable transmission torque T a Smaller Kubi ⁇ d decreases.
- Neck diameter d of the neck portion 11 of the spindle in the cylinder 12 must be smaller than the tooth gap bottom diameter D B constraints on fabrication processing. Increasing the Kubi ⁇ d, in order to eliminate the risk of breakage in the neck portion 11, a step of dedendum diameter D B and Kubi ⁇ d, it is effective to minimize the extent not interfering with the production process.
- the lower limit value of the neck diameter d in the gear spindle 3 that does not hinder processing such as crowning is set based on the following equation (7).
- the neck diameter / pitch circle diameter d / D P ⁇ 0.78
- the neck diameter d is expressed by the equation (7).
- the gear spindle 3 of the present embodiment is subjected to carburizing and quenching treatment in a range of the neck diameter d in the spindle inner cylinder 12 in order to improve the mechanical strength of the neck portion 11.
- the setting and operation of the crowning radius Cr and the tooth width B of the gear spindle 3 will be described in detail using specific examples.
- the tooth width B that does not cause any contact at the tooth end 44 with respect to the crowning radius Cr is the tooth width B 4 (FIG. 6).
- the tooth width B relative to the crowning radius Cr is set to be smaller than B 4-wire, it caused a risk of breakage of the teeth by causing uneven contact with the tooth end 44. Therefore, the tooth width B with respect to the crowning radius Cr is set to B 4 lines or more (upper part from the B 4 line in FIG. 6).
- Tooth width B compares the set of Q 1, the point Q 2 that the B 4-wire or for crowning radius Cr.
- Point Q 1 is a setting in which only the tooth width B is increased while maintaining the crowning radius Cr with respect to the point Q 2 on the B 4 line.
- the tooth width B it is preferable to set in B 4 line that requires minimal.
- a point Q 3 such as below than two-wire B in B 4 lines
- the dedendum strength is insufficient. Therefore, setting the point Q 4 increase the tooth width B for the purpose of compensating the crowning radius insufficient, increasing the tooth width B is not to contribute to the strength, the neck radial intensity is lowered with a slight reversed. Therefore, both also point Q 3 point Q 4 also, the dedendum strength is insufficient, there is a risk of breakage to the teeth in the inner cylindrical gear portion 40 and the outer cylinder gear unit 50. Therefore, to set the tooth width B for crowning radius Cr, the B 2-wire and B 4-wire and large crowning radius than the point Q 5 which intersect Cr and face width B (the right terms Q 5 in FIG. 6).
- backlash BL maximum value for crowning radius Cr and become is tooth width B 3.
- the gear spindle outer diameter D, the allowable transmission torque T a strength index T / D 3, the tooth width B, the inclination angle theta has been described by using the individual number as modules Mn,
- the present invention is not limited to these numerical values.
- the diameter of the work roll and the gear spindle can be further reduced as compared with the conventional case.
- the gear spindle concerning a present Example and a rolling mill provided with the same have improved permissible transmission torque performance, and its application range is wide. Therefore, it is also suitable for rolling a rolled material having a lower hardness than a high tensile strength steel and a rolled material having a relatively high hardness.
- equation (6) of formula (3) and face width B 3 of the tooth width B 2 set in the range of tooth width B relative to the crowning radius Cr is teeth by causing uneven contact with the tooth end 44 Setting that does not take into account the sudden maximum load during operation, etc. in the minimum necessary tooth width B that does not cause the possibility of breakage (setting that does not secure 20 [mm] from both tooth ends 44 at the minimum necessary tooth width B) It is calculated by
- the sudden maximum load during this operation depends on the specifications of the material to be rolled, the operating conditions, etc., and is not all uniform. That is, when it is not necessary to assume the sudden maximum load, the tooth width B can be further reduced to the necessary minimum.
- the tooth width B 20 is replaced by the following formula (instead of the tooth width B 2) as the minimum necessary tooth width B without the possibility of tooth breakage due to the one-side contact at the tooth end 44. Set based on 8).
- Equation (7) determines the minimum tooth width B that is optimal for the minimum allowable crowning radius Cr.
- the crowning radius Cr is set to a value less than the necessary minimum, even if the tooth width B is set to a value larger than the optimum value in order to complement it, it does not contribute to the strength, and the root of the tooth.
- the bending stress sigma exceeds the allowable dedendum bending stress sigma a, tooth there is a fear of breakage.
- the minimum allowable crowning radius Cr and the minimum tooth width B can be obtained. Therefore, the crowning radius Cr is set to an allowable minimum value or more, and the tooth width B is set to a minimum value that does not cause contact when the crowning radius Cr is given. This can be expressed by the following formula. B ⁇ 18 ⁇ exp (0.001 ⁇ Cr) [mm]
- This equation (9) takes the above-mentioned conditions into consideration in the numerical value setting range described above, and as shown in FIG. 7, the crowning radius at which the backlash amount BL becomes an allowable value according to equation (5) with respect to an arbitrary inclination angle ⁇ . It is an approximate expression in which Cr and a tooth width B that does not cause a contact at the end of the tooth under the conditions are plotted.
- the crowning radius Cr is set to be equal to or less than the maximum allowable value
- the tooth width B is set to a minimum value that does not cause a contact when the crowning radius Cr is given. This can be expressed by the following formula. B ⁇ 18 ⁇ exp (0.001 ⁇ Cr) [mm]
- the gear spindle outer diameter D, the allowable transmission torque T a strength index T / D 3, the tooth width B, the inclination angle theta has been described by using the individual number as modules Mn,
- the present invention is not limited to these numerical values.
- the diameter of the work roll and the gear spindle can be further reduced as compared with the conventional case.
- the gear spindle concerning a present Example and a rolling mill provided with the same have improved permissible transmission torque performance, and its application range is wide. Therefore, it is also suitable for rolling a rolled material having a lower hardness than a high tensile strength steel and a rolled material having a relatively high hardness.
- the gear according to this embodiment is used. Since the spindle and the rolling mill equipped with the spindle improve the allowable transmission torque performance, it is possible to roll ultra high strength steel.
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Abstract
Description
高抗張力鋼圧延用圧延機においては、圧延力の増大を抑えるために通常より小径のワークロールを使用する。ワークロールは上下一対で成り、それぞれ独立してギヤスピンドルと連結され、ギヤスピンドルを介して圧延動力(回転動力)が伝達されることにより回転駆動される。よって、ギヤスピンドルはワークロールと同様に上下一対で成り、ギヤスピンドルにおけるワークロールとの連結部を、上下一対に設置されるギヤスピンドル同士が干渉しないようにワークロール径より小さい径とする必要がある。
圧延機における圧延トルクTは、被圧延材の変形抵抗値Fとワークロール径DWに左右されるので、T∝f(F)+f(DW)となる。前述したように、高抗張力鋼圧延用圧延機におけるワークロール径DWは、高硬度材圧延用圧延機におけるワークロール径DWに比べ小さく、高抗張力鋼の変形抵抗値は、従来の高硬度材の変形抵抗値に比べ格段に大きいので、高抗張力鋼の圧延に必要となる圧延トルクは、従来の高硬度材の圧延に必要となる圧延トルクに比べて大きくなる。
圧延機の生産能力は、板厚と板幅と圧延速度の乗数で表される。一般に、被圧延材の板厚および板幅を一定として生産を行い、圧延機の生産能力は圧延速度に依存する。圧延機の圧延速度Vは、ワークロール径DWとワークロール回転数Nに左右されるので、V∝DW×Nとなる。前述したように、高抗張力鋼圧延用圧延機におけるワークロール径DWは、高硬度材圧延用圧延機におけるワークロール径DWに比べて小さいため、同じ回転数Nでは必然的に圧延速度Vが低下し、圧延機の生産能力も低下する。よって、高抗張力鋼圧延用圧延機においては、高硬度材圧延用圧延機と同等の生産能力を確保するために、高硬度材圧延用圧延機よりも高速でワークロールを回転させる必要がある。つまり、高抗張力鋼圧延用圧延機においては、高速回転が可能なギヤスピンドルが求められる。
T/D3≦0.8~1.0[ton/m2]
を達成する、従来(T/D3≦0.4[ton/m2])よりも優れた約二倍の強度を有する。ここで、Tはギヤスピンドル3を介してワークロール2へ伝達する伝達トルク[ton・m]、Dはスピンドル外筒20におけるギヤスピンドル外径[mm]である。
B≦59.04×exp(0.0005×Cr)[mm]
B≦32×Cr0.247[mm]
内筒ギヤ部40における歯先43を歯幅方向に沿って円弧形状としているので、歯底45における歯底円の大きさ(以下、歯底円直径DBと呼ぶ)は歯幅方向に沿って変化し、歯幅中心41から歯端44へ向かうに従って小さくなる。歯先半径Rとクラウニング半径Crは、前述した式(1)の関係にあるので、クラウニング半径Crが小さい場合には歯先半径Rは小さく、クラウニング半径Crが大きい場合には歯先半径Rは大きい。よって、同一の歯幅Bにおいては、クラウニング半径Crを大きくすると、歯先半径Rは大きくなるので歯端44における歯底直径DBは大きくなる。
つまり、スピンドル回転トルクによりスピンドル3における内筒ギヤ部40の歯面42に作用する回転力Fは、クラウニング半径Crの大小に係わらず一定である。一方、内筒ギヤ部40には多くの歯が設けられているが、図5Aおよび図5Bに示すように、回転力Fを最端接触部90aで受けている歯の略180°反対側の歯は最端接触部90bで回転力Fを受けているので、この回転力Fがスピンドル内筒12の首部11には曲げモーメントとして作用する。
(0.89)3/(0.78)3=1.49≒150%
となる。つまり、ギヤスピンドル3における首径dを式(7)の範囲で設定することで、首部11における捩り強度を従来に対し150%程度向上させることができる。
B≦18×exp(0.001×Cr)[mm]
B≦18×exp(0.001×Cr)[mm]
2 ワークロール
3 ギヤスピンドル
4 変速機
5 ギヤカップリング
6 電動機
10 中間軸
11 スピンドル内筒の首部
12 スピンドル内筒(ワークロール側)
13 スピンドル内筒(変速機側)
20 スピンドル外筒(ワークロール側)
30 スピンドル外筒(変速機側)
40 内筒ギヤ部
41 歯幅中心
42 歯面
43 歯先
44 歯端
45 歯底
50 外筒ギヤ部
51 歯面
60 小判穴
61 小判穴の開端部
62 隔壁
63 潤滑油室
64 シール部材
70 ワークロール小判部
80 変速分配歯車軸
90 接触部
B 歯幅
Cr クラウニング半径
R 歯先半径
BL バックラッシ量
D ギヤスピンドル外径
DP ピッチ円直径
DB 歯底直径
DW ワークロール径
d 首部直径
Claims (10)
- 一端側に外歯車の内筒ギヤ部を設けたスピンドル内筒と、前記内筒ギヤ部と嵌合する内歯車の外筒ギヤ部を設けたスピンドル外筒とが、その軸を0.6度乃至1.6度傾斜して成るギヤスピンドルにおいて、
前記内筒ギヤ部における歯幅Bの歯に、歯幅方向に沿って中央が膨らんで両歯端が肉薄となるような半径Crのクラウニングを設け、
前記歯幅Bと前記クラウニング半径Crとを、
Cr=1200[mm]と、
Cr=4000[mm]と、
B=0.0272×Cr+28[mm]と、
B=59.04×exp(0.0005×Cr)[mm]と、
B=32×Cr0.247[mm]と
をグラフ化して囲んでなる範囲で設定することを特徴とするギヤスピンドル。 - B=0.0272×Cr+28[mm]は、
0.6度の傾斜角での、任意のクラウニング半径Crと、当該クラウニング半径Crで前記内筒スピンドルの歯が歯端当たりを生じない最小歯幅でなる無数の交点を結んでなる直線であり、
B=59.04×exp(0.0005×Cr)[mm]は、
0.6度乃至1.6度の範囲における任意の傾斜角での、前記内筒ギヤ部に掛かる歯元曲げ応力が許容最大値となるクラウニング半径Crと、当該クラウニング半径Crで前記スピンドル内筒の歯が歯端当たりを生じない最小歯幅に40[mm]を加えてなる無数の交点を結んでなる曲線であり、
B=32×Cr0.247[mm]は、
0.6度乃至1.6度の範囲における任意の傾斜角での、任意のクラウニング半径Crと、当該クラウニング半径Crで前記内筒スピンドルの歯が歯端当たりを生じない最小歯幅に40[mm]を加えてなる歯幅Bとの組み合わせで必要となるバックラッシが、前記内筒ギヤ部と前記外筒ギヤ部における許容最大バックラッシとなる無数の交点を結んでなる曲線である
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のギヤスピンドル。 - 一端側に外歯車の内筒ギヤ部を設けたスピンドル内筒と、前記内筒ギヤ部と嵌合する内歯車の外筒ギヤ部を設けたスピンドル外筒とが、その軸を0.6度乃至1.6度傾斜して成るギヤスピンドルにおいて、
前記内筒ギヤ部における歯に、歯幅方向に沿って中央が膨らんで両歯端が肉薄となるような半径Crのクラウニングを設け、
前記歯幅Bと前記クラウニング半径Crとを、
Cr=1200[mm]と、
Cr=4000[mm]と、
B=0.0272×Cr+28[mm]と、
B=18×exp(0.001×Cr)[mm]と、
B=19×Cr0.292[mm]と
をグラフ化して囲んでなる範囲で設定することを特徴とするギヤスピンドル。 - B=0.0272×Cr+28[mm]は、
0.6度の傾斜角での、任意のクラウニング半径Crと、当該クラウニング半径Crで前記内筒スピンドルの歯が歯端当たりを生じない最小歯幅でなる無数の交点を結んでなる直線であり、
B=18×exp(0.001×Cr)[mm]は、
0.6度乃至1.6度の範囲における任意の傾斜角での、前記内筒ギヤ部に掛かる歯元曲げ応力が許容最大値となるクラウニング半径Crと、当該クラウニング半径Crで前記スピンドル内筒の歯が歯端当たりを生じない最小歯幅でなる無数の交点を結んでなる曲線であり、
B=19×Cr0.292[mm]は、
0.6度乃至1.6度の範囲における任意の傾斜角での、任意のクラウニング半径Crと、当該クラウニング半径Crで前記内筒スピンドルの歯が歯端当たりを生じない最小歯幅との組み合わせで必要となるバックラッシが、前記内筒ギヤ部と前記外筒ギヤ部における許容最大バックラッシとなる無数の交点を結んでなる曲線である
ことを特徴とする請求項3に記載のギヤスピンドル。 - 歯面に、ショットブラスト加工を施したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のギヤスピンドル。
- 歯面に、リン酸マンガン皮膜処理を施したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のギヤスピンドル。
- 歯面に、二硫化モリブデン皮膜処理を施したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のギヤスピンドル。
- スピンドル外筒とスピンドル内筒の外表面に、冷却用流体を噴き付けることで、歯面潤滑剤およびスピンドル外筒とスピンドル内筒の各歯面を強制冷却することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のギヤスピンドル。
- 被圧延材を圧延するための上下一対のワークロールと、上下一対のワークロールとそれぞれ独立して連結し、上下一対のワークロールへそれぞれ独立して回転動力を伝達する上下一対のギヤスピンドルと、上下一対のギヤスピンドルと連結する変速機と、変速機と連結し、変速機へ回転動力を伝達するギヤカップリングと、ギヤカップリングと連結し、ギヤカップリングへ回転動力を供給する電動機とを備える圧延機において、
前記ギヤスピンドルが、請求項1に記載のギヤスピンドルであることを特徴とする圧延機。
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CN201380063734.8A CN104853858B (zh) | 2012-12-06 | 2013-11-14 | 齿轮主轴以及具备该齿轮主轴的轧机 |
EP13860564.7A EP2929948B1 (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2013-11-14 | Gear spindle and rolling mill provided with same |
US14/649,974 US9879731B2 (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2013-11-14 | Gear spindle and rolling mill provided with same |
KR1020157014975A KR101696179B1 (ko) | 2012-12-06 | 2013-11-14 | 기어 스핀들 및 그것을 구비한 압연기 |
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CN205818938U (zh) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-12-21 | 浙江春风动力股份有限公司 | 一种汽车动力系统、传动总成及其空心传动轴结构 |
EP3536998B1 (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2022-08-03 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Self-centering flexible coupling |
WO2022107218A1 (ja) | 2020-11-17 | 2022-05-27 | Primetals Technologies Japan株式会社 | 圧延機用のギアスピンドル装置及び圧延設備並びに圧延機用のギアスピンドル装置の冷却方法 |
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JPH0821453A (ja) | 1994-07-08 | 1996-01-23 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | ギヤタイプ自在継手 |
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EP2929948B1 (en) | 2020-08-12 |
CN104853858B (zh) | 2017-08-25 |
JP5575213B2 (ja) | 2014-08-20 |
US9879731B2 (en) | 2018-01-30 |
EP2929948A1 (en) | 2015-10-14 |
JP2014113595A (ja) | 2014-06-26 |
EP2929948A4 (en) | 2016-08-03 |
US20150314347A1 (en) | 2015-11-05 |
KR101696179B1 (ko) | 2017-01-13 |
CN104853858A (zh) | 2015-08-19 |
KR20150082532A (ko) | 2015-07-15 |
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