WO2014083920A1 - 1,4-ブタンジオールの製造方法及び微生物 - Google Patents
1,4-ブタンジオールの製造方法及び微生物 Download PDFInfo
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- C12Y101/01157—3-Hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase (1.1.1.157)
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing 1,4-butanediol and a microorganism.
- 1,4-butanediol is a compound that is expected to be converted to biomass.
- 1,4-Butanediol is widely used as a raw material for synthesis of fine organic chemicals, monomer units of polyester and engineering plastics, and the market scale is large. For this reason, there is an increasing demand for a method for efficiently producing 1,4-butanediol by a biochemical process using renewable resources such as biomass as a raw material.
- Examples of the method for producing 1,4-butanediol using a biochemical process include the methods described in Patent Documents 1 to 2 and Non-Patent Document 1.
- Patent Documents 1 to 2 and Non-Patent Document 1 have complicated processes.
- the present invention includes the following. [1] Using a microorganism and / or its culture, 1,4-butanediol is produced using an enzyme reaction system that sequentially passes through 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA, crotonyl CoA, and 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA.
- the 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA is an optically active substance
- the microorganism is (1) Gene encoding enoyl CoA hydratase (2) Gene encoding vinyl acetyl CoA delta isomerase (3) Gene encoding 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA dehydratase (4) Substrate specificity is the above-mentioned 3-hydroxybutyryl A method for producing 1,4-butanediol, which comprises a gene encoding an acyl CoA reductase having an optical selectivity opposite to that of CoA.
- the microorganism further comprises a gene encoding acetoacetyl CoA reductase that gives optically active 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA.
- the method for producing 1,4-butanediol according to [1].
- the acetoacetyl CoA reductase is acetoacetyl CoA reductase (EC number: 1.1.1.136), 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA dehydrogenase (EC number: 1.1.1.135) or 3-hydroxy Acyl CoA dehydrogenase (EC number: 1.1.1.157), The method for producing 1,4-butanediol according to [2].
- the gene encoding acetoacetyl CoA reductase is a gene according to any of the following (a) to (c): The method for producing 1,4-butanediol according to [2].
- the acetoacetyl CoA reductase is an acetoacetyl CoA reductase (EC number: 1.1.1.16), 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA dehydrogenase (EC number: 1.1.1.135) or 3-hydroxy
- the gene encoding the acetoacetyl CoA reductase is a gene according to any one of the following (a) to (c): [7] The microorganism according to [7].
- the microorganism is Escherichia coli, yeast, coryneform bacterium, Clostridium bacterium, The microorganism according to [6].
- CoA means “Coenzyme A”.
- % Means “mass%” unless otherwise specified.
- Ppm is based on mass.
- This embodiment uses an enzyme reaction system for producing 1,4-butanediol using microorganisms through 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA, crotonyl CoA, and 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA in this order.
- one of the features of the present invention is a method using a microorganism or a culture thereof that can selectively produce 1,4-butanediol with high productivity.
- 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA as a substrate (may be an intermediate, a precursor, etc.) by an enzyme reaction system using microorganisms. Inhibits the enzymatic reaction pathway to produce 3-hydroxybutanal from microbial 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA in a process for producing 1,4-butanediol via crotonyl CoA and 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA sequentially As a result, the production of 1,3-butanediol from 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA was suppressed, and as a result, the production efficiency of 1,4 butanediol was improved.
- the present inventors As a method for suppressing the enzyme reaction pathway for producing 3-hydroxybutanal from microbial 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA, the present inventors have developed an optically active 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA. The present inventors have found that it is effective to use an acyl CoA reductase having an optical selectivity opposite to that. That is, it has been found that it is effective to select either the S-form or R-form of 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA and to use an acyl CoA reductase having high selectivity for the opposite chiral.
- the characteristics of the microorganism, the method for producing the microorganism, the method for using the microorganism (that is, the method for producing 1,4-butanediol), the method for obtaining the produced 1,4-butanediol, and the like used in this embodiment Will be described.
- the host microorganism used in the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it is a host microorganism into which various genes described below can be introduced, and can be applied with a genetic recombination technique.
- 1,4-butanediol is produced under appropriate culture conditions described later via crotonyl CoA and 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA in this order using 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA as a substrate. And can be transformed into a microorganism having a function of inhibiting the enzyme reaction pathway for producing 3-hydroxybutanal from 3-hydroxybutyl CoA.
- host microorganisms that can be used in the present embodiment include Escherichia coli, yeast, coryneform bacteria, and Clostridium bacteria from the viewpoint of industrial use.
- yeast include Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Kriveromyces lactis, Kriveromyces marxianus and the like.
- Coryneform bacteria include Corynebacterium glutamicum, Corynebacterium efficiens, Brevibacterium divaricatam, Brevibacterium saccharolyticum, Brevibacterium immariofilm, Brevibacterium lactofermentum, Brevi Bacterium Roseum, Brevibacterium flavum, Brevibacterium thiogenitalis, Corynebacterium acetoacidophilum, Corynebacterium acetoglutamicum, Corynebacterium carnae, Corynebacterium lilium, Corynebacterium Examples include melase cola, microbacteria and ammonia film.
- Clostridium kriveli Clostridium acetobutylicum, Clostridium aminobutyricum, Clostridium begerinky, Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum and the like.
- Escherichia coli Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Corynebacterium glutamicum because it is easy to transform, and it is more preferable to use Escherichia coli.
- the transformed microorganism in the present embodiment may be used in the form of cultured microorganisms themselves or in various forms of the culture.
- the culture of microorganisms in this embodiment is a suspension of microorganism cultured cells in a medium such as a medium or a buffer, a cell-free extract from the microorganism cultured cells, and further from the cell-free extract. Includes processed products such as those obtained by concentrating, purifying and extracting components that catalyze the reaction
- the culture of microorganisms in this embodiment further includes a product obtained by immobilizing the processed microorganism product on a poorly soluble carrier.
- immobilization carriers examples include polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, poly-N-vinylformamide, polyallylamine, polyethyleneimine, methylcellulose, glucomannan, alginate, carrageenan, and the like, as well as copolymers and cross-linked products thereof.
- the compound which forms the poorly water-soluble solid content which encapsulated the microbial cell of this or its processed material is mentioned. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- microorganisms or their extract liquid / extraction components retained on a solid object such as activated carbon, porous ceramics, glass fiber, porous polymer molded body, nitrocellulose membrane, etc. It can also be used as a product.
- the transformed microorganism used in the present embodiment further includes at least 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA as a substrate and crotonyl CoA and 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA sequentially.
- the transformed microorganism according to the present embodiment is an S-form of R, R of 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA as one method for suppressing the enzyme reaction pathway for producing 3-hydroxybutanal from 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA.
- the body has an acyl CoA reductase that has a high selectivity for chirality, which is the opposite of that. Preferably, it does not have an acyl CoA reductase having high selectivity for the S form or R form itself.
- the gene encoding enoyl CoA hydratase used in the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it is a gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction of dehydrating 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA to produce crotonyl CoA.
- a specific example of a gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction for producing crotonyl CoA from (S) -3-hydroxybutyryl CoA used in this embodiment is not particularly limited, but enoyl CoA hydratase (EC number: A gene encoding 4.2.1.17) or a homologue thereof.
- enoyl CoA hydratase EC number: A gene encoding 4.2.1.17
- J.M. M.M Metabolism of poly- ⁇ -hydroxybutyrate.
- Non-patent literatures and the like can be referred to.
- a specific example of a gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction for producing crotonyl CoA from (R) -3-hydroxybutyryl CoA used in the present embodiment is not particularly limited, but enoyl CoA hydratase (EC No .: 4.2.155 (3-hydroxybutyryl CoA dehydratase) or EC number: 4.2.119) or a homologue thereof.
- enoyl CoA hydratase EC No .: 4.2.155 (3-hydroxybutyryl CoA dehydratase) or EC number: 4.2.119
- Fukui, T .; Shiomi, N. And Doi, Y.
- the gene encoding vinylacetyl CoA delta isomerase is not particularly limited as long as it is a gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction of rearranging the olefin of crotonyl CoA to produce vinylacetyl CoA.
- the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction described above include, but are not limited to, vinylacetyl CoA delta isomerase (EC number: 5.3.3.3) or a homologue thereof.
- vinylacetyl CoA delta isomerase EC number: 5.3.3.3
- a homologue thereof for details of the above-mentioned enzyme, for example, Fermentation of 4-aminobutyrate by Clostridium aminobutyricum: Cloning of two-genes involved in the formation and dehydration.
- Fermentation of 4-aminobutyrate by Clostridium aminobutyricum Cloning of two-genes involved in the formation and dehydration.
- Non-patent literature such as can be referred to.
- the gene encoding 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA dehumanlatase is not particularly limited as long as it is a gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of hydrating vinylacetyl CoA to produce 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA. Not.
- the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction described above include, but are not limited to, 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA dehydratase (EC number: 4.2.1.120) or a homologue thereof.
- 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA dehydratase EC number: 4.2.1.120
- Fermentation of 4-aminobutyrate by Clostridium aminobutyricum Cloning of two-genes involved in the formation and dehydration.
- Non-patent literature such as can be referred to.
- the case in this non-patent document relates to a complex enzyme of 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA dehydratase and the aforementioned vinylacetyl CoA delta isomerase (EC number: 5.3.3.3) and a gene encoding the same. It is.
- genes encoding each enzyme may be used separately, or genes encoding enzyme proteins or catalytic subunits may be used.
- the gene encoding acyl CoA reductase is a gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction that reduces 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA to produce 4-hydroxybutanal.
- the gene encoding the acyl CoA reductase in the present embodiment is (S) -3-hydroxy when (R) -3-hydroxybutyryl CoA is produced in the upstream step of producing 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA.
- a butyryl-CoA selective acyl-CoA reductase is used.
- (R) -3-hydroxybutyryl CoA is produced in the upstream process for producing 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA
- (R) -3-hydroxybutyryl CoA selective acyl CoA reductase is used.
- aldehyde dehydrogenase acylation
- a homologue thereof EC number: 1.2.1.10
- the obtained 4-hydroxybutanal is led to 1,4-butanediol by an alcohol reductase usually possessed by the host described later, but a gene encoding the alcohol reductase is additionally expressed, 1,4-butanediol may be produced.
- the gene can be introduced into the host microorganism by linking the above gene or a part thereof to an appropriate vector by using various known methods such as a restriction enzyme / ligation-based method, an In-Fusion cloning method, etc. It is possible to introduce the obtained recombinant vector into a host so that the target gene can be expressed. Alternatively, it is possible to insert the gene of interest or a part thereof at any position on the genome by homologous recombination. “Part” refers to a part of each gene capable of expressing the protein encoded by each gene when introduced into a host.
- the gene includes DNA and RNA, preferably DNA.
- the vector for ligating the gene is not particularly limited as long as it can be replicated in the host, and examples thereof include plasmids, phages and cosmids used for introducing foreign genes in E. coli.
- the plasmid include pHSG398, pUC18, pBR322, pSC101, pUC19, pUC118, pUC119, pACYC117, pBluescript II SK (+), pET17b, pETDuet-1, pACYCDuet-1, pCDFDuDet, pCDFDuDet, et
- the phage include ⁇ gt10, Charon 4A, EMBL-, M13mp18, M13mp19, and the like. Some of these are commercially available, and commercially available products (kits) can be used as they are or after being appropriately modified.
- an appropriate expression promoter may be connected upstream of the inserted gene in order to ensure that the inserted gene is expressed.
- the expression promoter to be used is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art depending on the host.
- the promoter region of the Frd gene that is a nitrate reductase gene can also be used.
- a method for gene disruption a known method used for gene disruption in E. coli can be used. Specifically, a method of destroying the gene using a vector (targeting vector) that causes homologous recombination at an arbitrary position of the target gene (gene targeting method), or a trap vector (promoter at an arbitrary position of the target gene).
- a method used when producing knockout cells or the like in this technical field such as a method of destroying the gene by inserting a reporter gene that does not have it and losing its function (gene trap method), a method of combining them, etc. I can do it.
- the position at which homologous substitution occurs or the position at which the trap vector is inserted is not particularly limited as long as it causes a mutation that eliminates the expression of the target gene to be disrupted, but is preferably a transcriptional regulatory region.
- the method for introducing the vector into the host is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method using calcium ions, a protoplast method, and an electroporation method that are generally used for vector introduction into E. coli. Can do.
- the target gene is inserted into a sequence homologous to the sequence on the genome together with a promoter, and this nucleic acid fragment is introduced into the cell by electroporation. Can be carried out by causing homologous recombination.
- a strain in which homologous recombination has occurred can be easily selected by using a nucleic acid fragment in which a target gene and a drug resistance gene are linked.
- a gene linked to a drug resistance gene and a gene that becomes lethal under specific conditions is inserted into the genome by homologous recombination by the above method, and then becomes lethal under specific conditions with the drug resistance gene.
- the target gene can also be introduced by homologous recombination in the form of replacing the gene.
- a method for selecting a recombinant microorganism into which a target gene is introduced is not particularly limited, but a method by which only a recombinant microorganism into which a target gene has been introduced can be easily selected is preferable.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of an enzyme system of the method for producing 1,4-butanediol according to this embodiment.
- 1,4-butanediol can be obtained using a culture in which the above-described series of genes are expressed in the microorganism by transformation or the like.
- a gene is inserted in arbitrary vectors individually or as a series of clusters, and a host microorganism is transformed.
- Each gene is expressed by culturing the obtained transformant in a medium using an appropriate carbon source, for example, glucose as a carbon source.
- an appropriate carbon source for example, glucose as a carbon source.
- the gene is expressed by culturing the transformant in a medium.
- each encoded gene is expressed by adding an induction substrate and moving to an inductive environment.
- the culture in the present embodiment includes all the usual culture conditions for microbial culture, and the culturing step means culturing for a sufficient time and condition for the microorganism to produce 1,4-butanediol. Means that.
- butanediol produced by a combination of general enzymes encoded by the gene of the present embodiment is a mixture resulting from co-production of 1,3-butanediol and 1,4-butanediol. That is, when enoyl CoA hydratase and 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA dehydratase act in the presence of the precursor (or intermediate) 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA, 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA and 4-hydroxybutyrate are rapidly activated by these actions. An equilibrium state of butyryl CoA is formed.
- (R) (or (S))-3-hydroxybutyryl CoA selective acyl-CoA reductase has reactivity with 4-hydroxybutyryl CoA and (R) (or (S))
- acyl CoA reductase having reactivity with 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA.
- it refers to those having a reactivity of 0.02 times or more, more preferably 0.2 times or more of the reactivity of the corresponding opposite phase optical isomer.
- the substrate specificity of the enzyme is determined by coupling free CoA generated by a reduction reaction using each substrate with a coloring dye DTNB (5,5′-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid)) for a certain time. It can be confirmed by a method of measuring the absorbance and the like. In addition, a conventional method for quantifying CoA produced sequentially as the reduction reaction proceeds may be used.
- DTNB 5,5′-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid
- the ratio of the above can also be grasped by information such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or gas chromatography (GC) It can be relatively evaluated that the enzyme responsible for the reduction step is the desired chiral selective acyl-CoA reductase.
- the method for producing 1,4-butanediol is not particularly limited, and various known methods can be used.
- ⁇ -ketothiolase which gives acetoacetyl CoA by releasing one molecule of CoA from two molecules of acetyl CoA under the supply of acetyl CoA obtained by a known reaction pathway such as glycolysis.
- Acetoacetyl-CoA is supplied using an enzyme reaction using a gene encoding 2.3.1.9) or a homologue thereof.
- acetoacetyl CoA synthase (EC number: 2.3.1.194) that catalyzes a reaction for irreversibly producing acetoacetyl CoA or a homolog thereof is used. Then, acetoacetyl CoA may be supplied.
- acetoacetyl CoA synthase see, for example, Unpreceded acetoacetyl-coenzyme A synthesizing enzyme of the thiolase infused in the mepaloneate. , Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , U. S. A. 107, 11265-11270 (2010).
- Non-patent literature such as can be referred to.
- acetoacetyl CoA reductase EC number: 1.1.1.1.36
- 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA dehydrogenase catalyst for the reaction of reducing the obtained acetoacetyl CoA to give 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA
- EC number: 1.1.1.35 3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase
- an enzyme reaction using these homologs can give 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA. it can.
- propionate CoA transferase (EC number: 2.8.3.1) is known as an enzyme that directly transfers CoA to 3-hydroxybutanoic acid.
- S (or (R)) to a microorganism or a culture containing the microorganism under expression of a gene encoding a propionate CoA transferase or a homolog thereof and supply of acetyl CoA serving as a donor of a CoA transfer reaction
- S (or (R))-3-hydroxybutyryl CoA corresponding to the chirality of the supplied 3-hydroxybutanoic acid can be generated.
- the homolog in this embodiment includes an ortholog and a paralog.
- the ortholog refers to a gene corresponding to a species generated by speciation from a common ancestral gene and a set of enzymes obtained from the gene.
- Paralog refers to a gene corresponding to a species generated by gene duplication rather than speciation in the same species and an enzyme obtained from the gene.
- a homolog refers to a gene having sequence identity regardless of an ortholog or paralog and an enzyme obtained from the gene.
- the homologue (gene) of the gene described above is a gene having a base sequence having 90% or more identity, preferably 95% or more identity to the gene, more preferably the gene. Or a gene in which one or several of its bases are deleted, substituted or added.
- the homologous gene includes a gene that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a gene having a base sequence complementary to the target gene.
- a homology search program for a known database for example, BLAST, FASTA
- a probe consisting of at least a part of an identified gene base sequence complementary to DNA consisting of the base sequence of the gene
- PCR polymerase chain reaction
- the conditions for hybridization are 6 ⁇ SSC (composition of 1 ⁇ SSC: 0.15M sodium chloride, 0.015M sodium citrate, pH: 7.0), 0.5% SDS, This is a condition in which a solution containing 5 ⁇ Denhart solution and 100 mg / mL herring sperm DNA is kept at a constant temperature at 65 ° C. for 8 to 16 hours together with the probe and hybridized.
- the reaction of the present invention is most conveniently performed by, for example, cultivating a transformant in a nutrient medium such as LB medium at a temperature of 15 ° C. to 40 ° C., preferably 18 ° C. to 37 ° C. for about 24 hours.
- a nutrient medium such as LB medium
- 0.01 to 50%, preferably 0.1 to 30% glucose is transferred to a medium containing carbon as a carbon source, followed by culturing at the same temperature for about 1 hour to 200 hours.
- the carbon source may be added continuously or intermittently according to the consumption of the carbon source due to the growth and reaction of the bacteria. In this case, the concentration of the carbon source in the reaction solution is not limited to the above.
- sugars such as glucose, sucrose and fructose, polyols such as glycerol, organic substances such as ethanol, acetic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, benzoic acid and fatty acids, or alkalis thereof Metal salts, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as n-paraffins, aromatic hydrocarbons, or natural organic substances such as peptone, meat extract, fish extract, soy flour, bran, etc., alone or in combination, usually 0 It can be used at a concentration of about 0.01% to 30%, preferably about 0.1% to 20%.
- inorganic nitrogen compounds such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate, nitrogen-containing organic substances such as urea and uric acid, peptone, meat extract, fish extract, soybean powder, etc.
- nitrogen-containing organic substances such as urea and uric acid, peptone, meat extract, fish extract, soybean powder, etc.
- fungi with metal salts such as phosphates such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, calcium acetate, manganese chloride, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate Can be added to improve enzyme activity.
- the addition concentration varies depending on the culture conditions, but is usually about 0.01% to 5% for phosphate, 10 ppm to 1% for magnesium salt, and about 0.1 ppm to 1,000 ppm for other compounds.
- yeast extract, casamino acid, and yeast nucleic acid can be added as a source of vitamins, amino acids, nucleic acids and the like to improve bacterial growth and enzyme activity.
- the pH of the medium should be adjusted to 4.5-9, preferably 5-8.
- microbial cells previously cultured in the medium as described above are collected from the culture solution by a method such as centrifugation or membrane filtration, and water containing the reaction raw material, physiological saline, or a pH equivalent to the culture pH. Suspending and reacting again in a buffer solution consisting of these salts with phosphoric acid, acetic acid, boric acid, tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane, etc. adjusted to reduce the impurities in the reaction solution. It is useful to simplify the fractionation of the product.
- the pH during the reaction can usually be maintained when a buffer solution having a sufficient concentration is used, but when the pH deviates from the above due to the progress of the reaction, sodium hydroxide, ammonia or the like is used so that the same pH is obtained. It is desirable to adjust accordingly.
- reaction rate decreases due to accumulation of 1,4-butanediol in the reaction solution
- water, physiological saline, reaction buffer, etc. are added to the reaction solution according to the product concentration.
- the method of diluting to a suitable value is preferred.
- the bacteria are collected, the supernatant is recovered as a product solution, and the collected bacteria are returned to the solution or suspension containing the reaction raw material again to restore the reaction rate.
- This operation can be carried out continuously or batchwise using a centrifuge, a separation membrane or the like.
- the separation, recovery and purification of 1,4-butanediol produced in the reaction solution is carried out by removing the cells from the reaction solution by centrifugation when the production amount of 1,4-butanediol reaches a substantial amount. Or in the reaction solution as it is, by using means for separation and recovery of general organic compounds and purification. For example, extraction is performed using a suitable organic solvent from a filtrate obtained by removing bacterial cells and the like from the culture solution. In addition to distilling off this extract as it is, high-purity 1,4-butanediol can be obtained by re-extraction with an appropriate solvent, purification using silica gel or other chromatography, or multistage distillation. can get.
- Table 1 shows a summary of the assumed reaction steps, enzymes that catalyze each reaction step, and the sequence numbers of the genes used that encode the enzymes.
- the sequence number in the gene corresponds to the sequence number in the sequence listing.
- a plasmid pETBD2 containing sequence 2 was obtained by inserting the gene sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 with the NdeI site of pET17b as a target.
- the EcoRI site derived from the pET17b multicloning site located downstream of the stop codon of sequence 1 of pETBD1 was cleaved by restriction enzyme treatment to prepare an open ring fragment of pETBD1.
- the obtained two fragments were ligated using In-Fusion HD Cloning Kit to obtain plasmid pETBD1-2 containing sequences 1 and 2.
- SEQ ID NOS: 4, 6, and 7 were sequentially added with the sequence downstream of sequence 2 of pETBD1-2 as a target to obtain plasmid pETBD1-2-4-6-7.
- opening of the inserted plasmid is performed by cleavage with an appropriate restriction enzyme site on the vector that does not cleave the inserted sequence, and when there is no such site. This was performed by inverse PCR from the target insertion site.
- Escherichia coli pETBD1-2-4-6-7 / JM109 (DE3) was obtained by transforming Escherichia coli JM109 (DE3) strain.
- Example 1 In the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, the genes of sequences 2 and 4 on plasmid pETBD1-2-4-6-7 were replaced with the genes of SEQ ID NOs: 3 and 5 encoding the enzyme corresponding to the enzyme that catalyzes the step.
- a substituted plasmid pETBD1-3-5-6-7 was prepared and transformed into E. coli pETBD1-3-5-6-7 / JM109 (DE3).
- the transformants obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples were cultured in 5 mL of LB medium containing 100 mg / L of ampicillin at 37 ° C. for 12 hours under aerobic conditions.
- the culture solution (0.1 mL) was transplanted to 5 mL of LB medium containing 1% glucose, ampicillin 100 mg / L, and IPTG 0.2 mM, and cultured under aerobic conditions at 30 ° C. for 48 hours.
- the culture supernatant was subjected to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC: column; Shodex SH-1011 (manufactured by Showa Denko)), column temperature: 60 ° C., eluent: 25 mM sulfuric acid aqueous solution, flow rate 0.6 mL / min, detection: differential refraction detection Was used for the test.
- Table 2 shows the relationship between the gene constituting the plasmid of the transformant used and the amount of 1,4-butanediol produced in the culture solution.
- Example 1 the production ratio of 1,4-butanediol (production amount of 1,4-butanediol / production amount of 1,3-butanediol) in Example 1 is the same as that in Comparative Example 1. It was about 1.5 times.
- the difference in the ratio between 1,3-butanediol and 1,4-butanediol obtained extracellularly is the process of the catalytic reaction of acyl CoA reductase, which is a process in which CoA is removed and derived extracellularly. It is thought to depend on the selectivity for each CoA intermediate.
- reaction route so as to pass through a 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA intermediate having an appropriate chirality for the chiral selectivity of acyl CoA reductase, more specifically, by acyl CoA reductase
- an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction and a gene encoding the enzyme so as to pass through 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA having a chirality that is difficult to be converted / extracted, 1,
- a method for producing 4-butanediol can be provided.
- the set chirality of 3-hydroxybutyryl CoA can be obtained.
- an acyl CoA reductase that is difficult to convert and excrete and a gene encoding the enzyme a method for producing 1,4-butanediol having higher productivity can be provided.
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Abstract
Description
[1]微生物及び/又はその培養物を用いて、3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoA、クロトニルCoA、4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAを順次経由する酵素反応系を利用して1,4-ブタンジオールを製造する方法であって、
前記3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAが光学活性体であり、
前記微生物は、
(1)エノイルCoAヒドラターゼをコードする遺伝子
(2)ビニルアセチルCoAデルタイソメラーゼをコードする遺伝子
(3)4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAデヒドラターゼをコードする遺伝子
(4)基質特異性が、前記3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAとは逆の光学選択性を有するアシルCoA還元酵素をコードする遺伝子
を含むことを特徴とする、1,4-ブタンジオールの製造方法。
[1]に記載の1,4-ブタンジオールの製造方法。
[2]に記載の1,4-ブタンジオールの製造方法。
[2]に記載の1,4-ブタンジオールの製造方法。
(a)配列番号3の塩基配列を有する遺伝子
(b)配列番号3の塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号3の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子
(c)配列番号3に記載の塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子。
(a)配列番号7の塩基配列を有する遺伝子
(b)配列番号7の塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号7の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子
(c)配列番号7に記載の塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子
(2)ビニルアセチルCoAデルタイソメラーゼをコードする遺伝子
(3)4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAデヒドラターゼをコードする遺伝子
(4)3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAに対する基質特異性が光学選択的であるアシルCoA還元酵素をコードする遺伝子及び
(5)3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAに対する基質特異性が前記アシルCoA還元酵素とは逆の光学選択性を有するアセトアセチルCoAレダクターゼをコードする遺伝子
を含むことを特徴とする微生物。
[7]に記載の微生物。
(a)配列番号3の塩基配列を有する遺伝子
(b)配列番号3の塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号3の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子
(c)配列番号3に記載の塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子。
(a)配列番号7の塩基配列を有する遺伝子
(b)配列番号7の塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号7の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子
(c)配列番号7に記載の塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子
[6]に記載の微生物。
本実施形態で使用される宿主微生物は、後述する種々の遺伝子を導入することができる宿主微生物であり、遺伝子組み換え技術を適用することができる宿主微生物であれば、特に限定されない。
本実施形態で使用される形質転換微生物は、宿主微生物が本来有する酵素系の他に、更に少なくとも、3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAを基質として、クロトニルCoA、4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAを順次経由して、1,4-ブタンジオールを生産することができる酵素反応系の各々の酵素系を有し、かつ3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAから3-ヒドロキシブタナールを生成する酵素反応経路を抑制する機能を有する。また、本実施形態における形質転換微生物は、3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAから3-ヒドロキシブタナールを生成する酵素反応経路を抑制するための1つの方法として、3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAのS体、R体を選択し、それとは逆のキラルに対して高い選択性を有するアシルCoA還元酵素を有する。好ましくは、当該S体又はR体そのものに対して高い選択性を有するアシルCoA還元酵素を有しない。
本実施形態で使用されるエノイルCoAヒドラターゼをコードする遺伝子は、3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAを基質として脱水し、クロトニルCoAを生成する反応を触媒する酵素をコードする遺伝子であれば、特に限定されない。
本実施形態において、ビニルアセチルCoAデルタイソメラーゼをコードする遺伝子は、クロトニルCoAのオレフィンを転位してビニルアセチルCoAを生成する反応を触媒する酵素をコードする遺伝子であれば、特に限定されない。
本実施形態において、4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAデヒトラターゼをコードする遺伝子は、ビニルアセチルCoAを水和して4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAを生成する反応を触媒する酵素をコードする遺伝子であれば、特に限定されない。
本実施形態において、アシルCoA還元酵素をコードする遺伝子は、4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAを還元して4-ヒドロキシブタナールを生成する反応を触媒する酵素をコードする遺伝子である。また、本実施形態におけるアシルCoA還元酵素をコードする遺伝子は、3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAを生成する上流工程において(R)-3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAを製造した場合、(S)-3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoA選択的アシルCoA還元酵素を使用する。また、3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAを生成する上流工程において(S)-3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAを製造した場合、(R)-3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoA選択的アシルCoA還元酵素を使用する。
宿主微生物への遺伝子の導入は種々の知られた方法、例えば制限酵素/ライゲーションに基づく方法、In-Fusionクローニング方法などを適宜組み合わせて用いることで上記遺伝子又はその一部を適当なベクターに連結し、得られた組換えベクターを目的の遺伝子が発現し得るように宿主中に導入することにより可能である。又は相同組換えによってゲノム上の任意の位置に目的の遺伝子又はその一部を挿入することにより可能である。「一部」とは、宿主中に導入された場合に各遺伝子がコードするタンパク質を発現することができる各遺伝子の一部分を指す。本発明において遺伝子には、DNA及びRNAが包含され、好ましくはDNAである。
[1,4-ブタンジオールの生成系]
図1に、本実施形態の1,4-ブタンジオールの製造方法の酵素系の一例を示す。本実施形態において、1,4-ブタンジオールは、前述した一連の遺伝子を形質転換などにより微生物体内で発現さえた培養物を用いて得ることができる。なお、遺伝子は、個別に又は一連のクラスターとして、任意のベクターに挿入して宿主微生物を形質転換する。得られた形質転換体を、適当な炭素源、例えばグルコースを炭素源として培地中で培養することで、各遺伝子を発現させる。宿主で構成発現し得る遺伝子の場合には、培地中で形質転換体を培養することで、遺伝子が発現する。一方、各遺伝子をベクター上に配されたレギュレーターの制御下で構成した場合には、誘導基質を添加し、誘導的環境へ移行することにより、各々のコードする遺伝子が発現する。なお、本実施形態における培養とは、通常の微生物培養の培養条件を全て含み、また、培養するステップとは、微生物が1,4-ブタンジオールを製造するための十分な時間及び条件で培養することを意味する。
本実施形態の1,4-ブタンジオールの製造方法における、3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAの供給方法には特に制限はなく、既知の様々な方法が用いられる。
本発明の反応は、もっとも簡便には、例えば形質転換体をLB培地などの栄養培地で15℃~40℃、望ましくは18℃~37℃の温度で24時間程度培養したのち、通常の炭素源、例えば0.01~50%、望ましくは0.1~30%のグルコースを炭素源とする培地に移殖し、引き続き同様の温度で1時間~200時間程度培養し、その過程で培養液中に1,4-ブタンジオールを蓄積させることにより達せられる。また菌の増殖・反応の進行による炭素源の消費に応じて、連続的あるいは間欠的に炭素源を添加してもよく、この場合の炭素源の反応液中濃度は前記の限りではない。
次に、実施例を説明することにより、本発明をより詳細に説明する。
配列番号1で示される遺伝子配列の上下流に、発現ベクターpET17b(ノバジェン社製)のマルチクローニングサイト中、NdeIサイトの上流側CAT、下流側ATGをそれぞれ含む上流側、下流側15塩基対分に対応する配列をそれぞれ5'末端側、3'末端側に付加した平滑末端断片を常法により調製した。この断片と、pET17b(ノバジェン社製)をNdeI処理した断片とをIn-Fusion HD Cloning Kit(タカラバイオ社製)によりライゲーションし、プラスミドpETBD1を得た。
比較例1と同様の方法により、プラスミドpETBD1-2-4-6-7上の配列2および4の遺伝子を、当該工程を触媒する酵素に対応する酵素をコードする配列番号3および5の遺伝子で置換した、プラスミドpETBD1-3-5-6-7を調製し、これにより形質転換した、大腸菌pETBD1-3-5-6-7/JM109(DE3)を得た。
Claims (10)
- 微生物及び/又はその培養物を用いて、3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoA、クロトニルCoA、4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAを順次経由する酵素反応系を利用して1,4-ブタンジオールを製造する方法であって、
前記3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAが光学活性体であり、
前記微生物は、
(1)エノイルCoAヒドラターゼをコードする遺伝子
(2)ビニルアセチルCoAデルタイソメラーゼをコードする遺伝子
(3)4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAデヒドラターゼをコードする遺伝子
(4)基質特異性が、前記3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAとは逆の光学選択性を有するアシルCoA還元酵素をコードする遺伝子
を含むことを特徴とする、1,4-ブタンジオールの製造方法。 - 前記微生物は更に、光学活性な3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAを与えるアセトアセチルCoAレダクターゼをコードする遺伝子を含む、
請求項1に記載の1,4-ブタンジオールの製造方法。 - 前記アセトアセチルCoAレダクターゼが、アセトアセチルCoAレダクターゼ(EC番号:1.1.1.36)、3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAデヒドロゲナーゼ(EC番号:1.1.1.35)又は3-ヒドロキシアシルCoAデヒドロゲナーゼ(EC番号:1.1.1.157)である、
請求項2に記載の1,4-ブタンジオールの製造方法。 - 前記アセトアセチルCoAレダクターゼをコードする遺伝子は、下記(a)~(c)のいずれかに記載の遺伝子である、
請求項2に記載の1,4-ブタンジオールの製造方法。
(a)配列番号3の塩基配列を有する遺伝子
(b)配列番号3の塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号3の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子
(c)配列番号3に記載の塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子。 - 前記アシルCoA還元酵素をコードする遺伝子は、下記(a)~(c)のいずれかに記載の遺伝子である、請求項1に記載の1,4-ブタンジオールの製造方法。
(a)配列番号7の塩基配列を有する遺伝子
(b)配列番号7の塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号7の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子
(c)配列番号7に記載の塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子 - (1)エノイルCoAヒドラターゼをコードする遺伝子
(2)ビニルアセチルCoAデルタイソメラーゼをコードする遺伝子
(3)4-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAデヒドラターゼをコードする遺伝子
(4)3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAに対する基質特異性が光学選択的であるアシルCoA還元酵素をコードする遺伝子及び
(5)3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAに対する基質特異性が前記アシルCoA還元酵素とは逆の光学選択性を有するアセトアセチルCoAレダクターゼをコードする遺伝子
を含むことを特徴とする微生物。 - 前記アセトアセチルCoAレダクターゼが、アセトアセチルCoAレダクターゼ(EC番号:1.1.1.36)、3-ヒドロキシブチリルCoAデヒドロゲナーゼ(EC番号:1.1.1.35)又は3-ヒドロキシアシルCoAデヒドロゲナーゼ(EC番号:1.1.1.157)である、請求項6に記載の微生物。
- 前記アセトアセチルCoAレダクターゼをコードする遺伝子は、下記(a)~(c)のいずれかに記載の遺伝子である、
請求項7に記載の微生物。
(a)配列番号3の塩基配列を有する遺伝子
(b)配列番号3の塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号3の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子
(c)配列番号3に記載の塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子。 - 前記アシルCoA還元酵素をコードする遺伝子は、下記(a)~(c)のいずれかに記載の遺伝子である、請求項6に記載の微生物。
(a)配列番号7の塩基配列を有する遺伝子
(b)配列番号7の塩基配列において1若しくは複数個の塩基が欠失、置換若しくは付加された塩基配列を有する遺伝子であって、配列番号7の塩基配列に対して90%以上の同一性の塩基配列を有する遺伝子
(c)配列番号7に記載の塩基配列を有する遺伝子と相補的な塩基配列を有する遺伝子とストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズする遺伝子 - 前記微生物は、大腸菌、酵母、コリネ型細菌、クロストリジウム属細菌である、
請求項6に記載の微生物。
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EP13857866.1A EP2927325A4 (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2013-09-20 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING 1,4 BUTANEDIOL AND MICROORGANISM THEREFOR |
JP2014550065A JP6243851B2 (ja) | 2012-11-27 | 2013-09-20 | 1,4−ブタンジオールの製造方法及び微生物 |
US14/439,834 US20150291985A1 (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2013-09-20 | Method of manufacturing 1,4-butanediol and microbe |
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AU2003301617A1 (en) * | 2002-05-10 | 2004-05-13 | Metabolix, Inc. | Bioabsorbable polymer containing 2-hdroxyacid monomers |
BRPI0720566A2 (pt) * | 2006-12-21 | 2014-02-04 | Gevo Inc | Produção de butanol através de levedura metabolicamente projetada |
US8715971B2 (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2014-05-06 | Genomatica, Inc. | Microorganisms and methods for the co-production of isopropanol and 1,4-butanediol |
CN105441374A (zh) * | 2009-10-13 | 2016-03-30 | 基因组股份公司 | 生产1,4-丁二醇、4-羟基丁醛、4-羟基丁酰-coa、腐胺和相关化合物的微生物及其相关方法 |
CA2783096A1 (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2011-06-16 | Genomatica, Inc. | Methods and organisms for converting synthesis gas or other gaseous carbon sources and methanol to 1,3-butanediol |
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JP4380704B2 (ja) | 2005-04-22 | 2009-12-09 | 三菱化学株式会社 | バイオマス資源由来ポリエステル及びその製造方法 |
JP2008115840A (ja) | 2006-11-08 | 2008-05-22 | Hayashida Kogyo Kk | エンジン試運転用スタータ取付治具 |
EP2438178A2 (en) * | 2009-06-04 | 2012-04-11 | Genomatica, Inc. | Microorganisms for the production of 1,4-butanediol and related methods |
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