WO2014064341A1

WO2014064341A1 - One-piece railing for a shoring tower, and shoring tower comprising same

Info

Publication number: WO2014064341A1
Application number: PCT/FR2012/052429
Authority: WO
Inventors: Bertrand Lamy
Original assignee: Bertrand Lamy
Priority date: 2012-10-23
Filing date: 2012-10-23
Publication date: 2014-05-01

Abstract

An integral railing (1; 17; 24) for a shoring tower, consisting of a frame comprising the following tubular elements: • - a horizontal lower rail (2) provided with fastening elements (3, 4; 18, 19; 25) for fastening the rail (2) to the vertical posts (29) of the shoring tower (28); • - a vertical tubular pillar (5) of which the lower end (6) is welded to one of the ends of the lower rail (2) and which comprises at least one fastening element (8; 27) for fastening the vertical tubular pillar (5) to the vertical posts (29) of the shoring tower (28); • - a tube forming a diagonal (7) linking the vertical pillar (5) to the other of the ends of the lower rail (2); • - a 90° elbow tube (10), of which a horizontal portion (11) is connected to the vertical tube (5) close to the top end (9) of same, and of which the vertical portion (12) is connected, at the lower end (13) of same, to the end of the diagonal (7) that is itself connected to the lower rail (2). A shoring tower (28) comprising such a railing (1; 17; 24).

Description

Monobloc Guardrail for Shoring Tower, and Shoring Tower Including It

The invention relates to the field of shoring towers for the construction of buildings or buildings. More specifically it relates to a railing intended to be integrated in such a tower to prevent the fall of staff working on the various floors of the tower, including during its assembly and disassembly.

The rules for assembling and dismantling metal structures used on building construction sites (scaffolding and shoring towers) generally dictate that these operations must be carried out with the utmost safety for the personnel. In particular, an operator can access a higher level of the structure only when this level has been secured by the presence of a belt of generally tubular elements called "guardrails".

In the case of metal structures of multidirectional type, the erection of the structure is effected by hanging on poles, provided for this purpose with rosettes, cups or bridges, horizontal rails whose ends are provided with pieces adapted to cooperate with said home parts, namely clamps and keys, or mounting plates. The assembly and disassembly of these structures can be made truly safe only if the railings to be assembled are of a monobloc type, that is to say not consisting of an association of initially separated elements ( smooth, sub-smooth, spacers). This monobloc type makes it possible to mount the railings quickly, without requiring the presence of an operator at their level while this level is not yet completely secure, and to give them a satisfactory rigidity, without risk of poor execution the connection of elements between them does not lead to their disassembly.

However, if one wants to use rosette posts, usually intended for the erection of scaffolding, for the construction of railings, one can not use monobloc railings, in the configurations known hitherto. It is therefore necessary to resort to multi-element railings, with the disadvantages that have just been pointed out and which therefore require staff to work insecure as the railing is not assembled in a complete and safe manner. However, the use of such rosette poles for shoring towers would have the advantage of reducing the number of structural elements that a manufacturer should have in his catalog to meet all user needs, and to simplify management. by the user of his stock of structural elements.

The object of the invention is to propose a new type of guard rail monobloc for propping tower, usable in a structure whose multidirectional poles could also be used in a scaffolding whose poles would carry rosettes for fixing the elements that should be linked to them. This railing should also advantageously be used with multidirectional posts carrying other fasteners that rosettes.

For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a monobloc guardrail for a shoring tower, characterized in that it consists of a frame comprising the following tubular elements:

- A horizontal lower rail which carries at both ends of the fasteners adapted to the attachment of the rail on the vertical load-bearing posts of the shoring tower to which the railing is to be integrated;

a vertical tubular upright which has its lower end welded to one of the ends of the lower rail and comprises at least one fastening element adapted for fastening the rail to the vertical load-bearing posts of the shoring tower to which the guardrail must integrate;

a diagonal tube connecting the vertical upright to the other end of the lower rail;

- a 90 ° elbow tube, a horizontal portion of which is connected to the vertical tube near its upper end, and whose vertical part is connected at its lower end to the end of the diagonal which is itself connected at the lower rail.

It may also include an access ladder fixed in its lower part to the lower rail or the diagonal tube, and in its upper part to the horizontal part of the elbow tube, and being also welded diagonally.

The access ladder can be placed in a centered position inside the railing structure.

The fastening elements of the lower rail and the vertical tubular upright can be constituted by clamps and keys.

The fastening elements of the lower rail and the vertical tubular upright can be constituted by cups and plates.

The one-piece railing may comprise, in its upper part, a horizontal raising bar, which is offset from the plane of the rest of the guardrail.

The horizontal portion of the bent tube may be housed at the bottom of at least two V-shaped receptacles for receiving the lower rail of a railing of the next higher stage of the tower. The raising bar can be fixed on external faces of the receptacles.

The object of the invention is to enhance a shoring tower, characterized in that it comprises multidirectional scaffolding posts, guardrails of the preceding type, and mounting plates arranged at the various stages of the tower.

Said railings may be devoid of raising bar, and said mounting plates are fixed on the guardrails by means of lowering hooks.

As will be understood, the invention consists in providing a railing for a shoring tower compatible with the use of standard scaffolding posts. It is constituted by a tubular lower rail, a vertical tubular upright fixed, for example by welding, at one end of the lower rail, a tubular diagonal connecting the rail and the vertical upright, and a 90 ° bent closure tube constituting the functional element of the railing and connecting the upper end of the vertical upright to the other end of the lower rail. Fasteners allow the lower and the upright to be connected to standard scaffold posts which themselves have corresponding fasteners.

The shoring tower also object of the invention consists of railings of this type, and standard poles and scaffolding accessories. It allows to take back important loads, and especially it can be assembled and dismounted respecting the most stringent security rules in force.

It also makes it possible to use standard-type scaffolding posts to form a shoring tower. This has the advantage of reducing the number of categories of parts that a building company must have, knowing that these poles can be used both for scaffolding and for building shoring towers. The management of the equipment stock of the company is thus simplified. Similarly manufacturers of these materials and rental companies can reduce the number of parts they must have in their catalog to meet all the needs of their customers.

The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given with reference to the following appended figures:

- Figure 1 which shows the block diagram of a railing according to the invention, seen in perspective;

- Figure 2 which shows a detailed example of railing according to the invention, seen in perspective; - Figure 3 which shows in section along III-III one of the receptacles of the railing of Figure 2;

- Figure 4 which shows another detailed example of railing according to the invention, seen in perspective;

- Figure 5 which shows a shoring tower with guardrails identical to that of Figure 2;

- Figure 6 which shows a guardrail variant according to the invention.

- Figure 7 which shows another variant of guardrail according to the invention;

- Figure 8 which shows a set of three guardrails according to Figure 7 superimposed;

- Figure 9 is a view similar to Figure 7 illustrating another variant railing;

- Figure 10 is a view similar to Figure 8 for the variant of Figure 7;

- Figure 1 1 is a view similar to Figure 5 for the variant of Figure 7. The guardrail 1 consists of the following elements, which are joined to each other rigidly and indémontable, for example by welding.

A lower rail 2 is the main element of the horizontal metal structure. It is a horizontal metal tube which carries at its two ends fastening elements 3, 4 of any type (and, as such, shown symbolically in FIG. 1) provided that it is adapted to the attachment of the rail on the vertical load-bearing posts of the shoring tower to which the guard rail 1 must integrate. These fastening elements 3, 4 are low attachment points to the scaffolding posts of the tower for the guardrail 1. Typically, this lower rail 2 is made of steel and has a diameter and a sufficient wall thickness to absorb the forces to which it is subjected: for example 48.3 mm in diameter and 3.2 mm in thickness.

A vertical tubular upright 5 has its lower end 6 welded to the lower rail 2. Typically, it has a length of 0.94 m;

A diagonal tube 7 is present. In the example shown in Figure 1, it connects one of the lower attachment points of the railing 1 (in this case the fastening element 4) to a high attachment point materialized by a fastener 8 identical to the other fastening elements 3, 4, which ensures the fixing of the guardrail 1 to the vertical load-bearing scaffolding post immediately above that to which the other lower attachment point of the railing 1 is connected. (in this case the fastening element 3). Typically, this high attachment point is located 50 cm from the low hanging point that it overhangs, so as to be compatible with the use of scaffolding posts to rosettes whose rosettes are 50 cm apart. The diagonal 7 thus forms, in the example shown, an angle of 30 ° with the lower rail 2. But this angle could be different, for example 45 ° so that the diagonal 7 would connect the upper end 9 of the vertical tube 5 at said low attachment point of the railing 1 materialized by the fastening element 4. This diagonal 7 allows to take up the lateral forces exerted on the railing 1.

The three elements 2, 5 and 7 which have just been described constitute a bracing triangle which is the base of the railing 1 according to the invention.

According to the invention, the railing 1 also comprises a tube bent at 90 ° 10. The horizontal part 1 1 of the tube 10 is connected to the vertical tube 5 near its upper end 9, typically at a distance of 90 cm from the lower rail 2. The vertical portion 12 of the bent tube 10 is connected at its lower end 13 to the end of the diagonal 7 which is itself connected to the lower rail 2. It is this bent tube 10 which ensures the guardrail function. It may be smaller in diameter than those of the lower rail 2, the vertical tube 5 and the diagonal 7, because it participates only to a lesser extent in the recovery of the forces exerted on the railing 1.

Optionally but preferably, the guardrail 1 also comprises, being built-in, an access ladder 14 providing a personnel access function at different levels of the tower. In the example shown, it is welded in its lower part to the diagonal 7 and the lower rail 2, and in its upper part to the horizontal part 1 1 of the elbow tube 10. the rail 2 and the bars 15, 16 of the access ladder 14 are typically separated by 30 cm each, a distance imposed by the regulations of certain countries. The lower rail 2 can be used as an additional bar by the staff. The access ladder 14 is also welded to the diagonal 7, which makes it possible to reinforce it. In general, advantageously the presence of the access ladder 14 reinforces the rigidity of the whole of the guardrail 1. The access ladder 14 is preferably placed in a centered position inside the structure of the railing 1, so as to ensure that it will always be aligned with the access ladders of the railings located at the lower level and at the top level of the tower, whose placement is also centered. This also allows the continuity of the scale alignment if the guardrails are reversed during assembly. There is thus a perfect continuity between the access ladders 14 of all guardrails 1 of the tower, and the staff can access the different floors of the tower in a straight path. The integration of the access ladder 14 with the railing 1 also makes it possible to avoid having to report an access ladder on the railing 1 during the assembly, which is thus faster and simpler, and avoid having to manage a stock of separate access ladders. In addition to its guardrail function, guardrail 1 also serves as support for the shoring tower decks (see Figure 5).

The railing 17 as shown in Figure 2 is another example of implementation of the invention. It has the same main elements as the example of Figure 1, which are referenced in the same way. The three previously described fastening elements, which are here of a known type with clamp 18 and key 19 cooperating with a rosette of the corresponding column of the tower, are shown here in a precise manner, the key 19 being inserted into the latch. one of the perforations of the rosace.

This railing 17 further comprises, in its upper part, according to a particular embodiment, a horizontal raising bar 20, which is offset relative to the plane of the rest of the railing 17. It provides protection to more 1 m high relative to the lower rail 2 without necessarily causing a significant increase in weight of the railing 17 since, as it does not participate in the rigidity of the assembly, it may have a lower diameter and thickness to those of the other elements of the railing 17.

The horizontal part 1 1 of the elbow tube 10 comprises, welded on it at least two receptacles 21, 22 V-shaped, shown in Figure 3. These receptacles 21, 22 are intended to receive the lower rail 23 of a guard- body of the immediately higher stage of the tower, and the contour of the section of this rail 23 is shown in dashed lines in FIG. 3. This rail 23 can therefore, when mounting the tower, be maintained at the desired level as long as it has not been fully secured to the posts it must connect. It can be seen in FIG. 3 (and also in FIG. 2) that the bent tube 10 has, at least in its horizontal portion 11, a relatively small diameter (for example 27 or 33.7 mm) which enables it to be lodged. at the bottom of the receptacle 22, while the lower rail 23 of the upper railing has a diameter normally equal to that of the corresponding rail 2 of the railing 17. As a result, the rail 23 rests in the V receptacle 22 to a level higher than that of the horizontal portion 1 1 of the elbow tube 10. Their longitudinal axes are spaced for example about 10 cm so that the distance between the lower rails 2 and 23 of two successive stages of the tower, taking into account the examples of dimensions that have been given, ie of the order of 1 m as is often the case on the usual shoring towers.

As for the raising arm 20, if it is present, it is advantageously welded to external faces of the receptacles 21, 22, for example, as shown, at their upper ends.

Advantageously, when the guardrail 1 does not have a raising arm 20, it is also possible to lower the mounting plates 32 by fixing them to their lower rails by means of lowering hooks which are integral with them. These lowering hooks, that is to say the part of which to hang the plate 32 on a rail is located at an altitude greater than that of the surface of the plate 32, allow to place the surface of the plate 32 to a distance of 1 m from the upper rails 1 1 of the railings that are closest to him on both sides of him.

The substantially V-shaped receptacles 21, 22, which have an opening, for example, 50 mm, so slightly greater than the diameter of the rails 2, 23, to guide the beam 23 they receive to its position final assembly of the tower, before its attachment to the posts.

Figure 4 shows another example of railing 24 according to the invention. It differs from the railing 17 of FIG. 2 only in that the connecting members 25, 26, 27 at the posts of the tower are of a different type, called "Cuplock", known in itself, comprising each a cup and a plate and intended to cooperate with connecting members placed on the scaffolding posts of the shoring tower, constituted by connecting cups. All that has been said about the other parts of the railing 17 of FIG. 2 is equally valid for the other parts of the railing 24 of FIG. 4.

FIG. 5 shows a shoring tower 28, made from standard multidirectional scaffolding posts 29, provided with rosettes 30 spaced about 50 cm apart, and having guard rails of the type 17 of that of FIG. 2 fixed rosettes 30 by the clamp connection means 18 and key 19. Cylinders 31 placed at the four lower ends of the tower 28 allow, as is known, to ensure the stability and verticality of the tower 28. It is also seen in Figure 5 the mounting plates 32 conventionally arranged at the various floors of the tower 28 and which comprise trays access hatch 33 allowing access to the staff said floors.

The mounting of the tower 28 is carried out as follows:

the four cylinders 31 are placed on the ground;

the first four standard posts 29 of scaffolding are placed on the cylinders 31;

three universal guardrails 17 are placed in place according to the invention between the first and second fasteners of the said first posts 29, leaving one side of the tower free to allow the personnel access to the interior; from tower 28 from the ground. This side is closed by a standard scaffolding beam 34 on the level of the first fastener and the level of the third fastener, to provide good rigidity to the tower 28 at this level; - Four guardrails 17 according to the invention are fixed by attaching them to the following fasteners of the posts of the tower 28, then a mounting plate 32 is placed on the lower rails of two opposite guardrails, so that the editor can access this tray safely, since it is then already surrounded by four guardrails 17 according to the invention;

- Then the railings and trays of the following stages are implemented successively in the same way, until the desired height for the tower 28.

Alternatively, as shown in Figure 6, the access ladder 14 may, in its lower part, be welded to the diagonal 7. This simplifies and reduces the construction of the railing 1 without actually degrade the safety conditions of the personnel if the diagonal 7 is strong enough to withstand the efforts that will be imposed upon the use of the access ladder 14 by the staff. This will be the case, in practice, especially when the dimensional conditions given as example in the description, and which comply with the regulations in force in many countries, are respected. This variant also makes it easier to install the mounting plates 32.

The railing according to the invention can be adapted to all types of scaffold pole connection. It suffices to adapt the configuration of the fixing elements 3, 4 to the type of post used, as has been given in FIGS. 2, 4 and 5.

Another embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Figures 7 and 8. It is applicable to the variants of the railing 1, 17, 24 according to the invention for which the attachment to another guard rail 1, 17 , 24 of the same level is effected by a frontal horizontal movement, typically when the attachment device is a device rosette and pincer key 18. This railing 1 is equipped with a device that forces the operator to install and dismount the guardrails 1 from the level below them, in accordance with the generally applicable regulations regarding site safety.

This device consists of a tilting handle 35 articulated about an axis of rotation 36 placed, preferably, substantially in the middle of the lower rail 2. this tilting handle 35 is extended at one of its ends by a fork 37 which is positioned by simple gravity jumper on the top rail 1 1 of the railing 1 of the lower level. To set up or dismount the railing 1, the operator must manually tilt the handle 35 to the horizontal position, but this is possible only after the mounting plates 32 have been removed, and are no longer an obstacle. at this failover. This allows the key clips 18 to slide along the rosettes, which is the only way to clear the guardrail 1.

To facilitate handling and reduce the risk of pinching the fingers of the operator, a recess 38 is provided on the top rail 1 1 at a location intended to face the handle 35 of the guardrail 1 of the upper level.

Figure 8 shows a set 39 of three guardrails 1 of the above type superimposed.

FIG. 9 illustrates a guard rail 1 similar to that of FIG. 7, but provided with cup-lock connecting members 25, 26, 27 as detailed for FIG. 4.

FIG. 10 illustrates an assembly 39 of three guardrails according to FIG. 9 superimposed on each other, and FIG. 11 illustrates a shoring tower 28 constructed from the sets 39 of FIG. 10.

Claims

1. - Monobloc guardrail (1; 17; 24) for shoring tower, characterized in that it consists of a frame comprising the following tubular elements:

- A horizontal lower rail (2) which carries at its two ends fastening elements (3, 4; 18, 19; 25) adapted for fixing the rail (2) on the vertical columns (29) of load recovery the shoring tower (28) to which the railing (1; 17; 24) is to fit;

- A vertical tubular upright (5) which has its lower end (6) welded to one end of the lower rail (2) and comprises at least one fastening element (8;

27) adapted for fastening the rail (2) to the vertical load bearing posts (29) of the shoring tower (28) to which the railing (1; 17; 24) is to be integrated;

- a diagonal tube (7) connecting the vertical upright (5) to the other end of the lower rail (2);

a 90 ° elbow tube (10), of which a horizontal part (1 1) is connected to the vertical tube (5) close to its upper end (9), and whose vertical part (12) is connected, to its lower end (13), at the end of the diagonal (7) which is itself connected to the lower rail (2).

2. - Guard rail (1; 17; 24) according to claim 1, characterized in that it also comprises an access ladder (14) fixed in its lower part to the lower rail (2) or to the diagonal (7), and in its upper part to the horizontal part (1 1) of the elbow tube (10), and also being welded diagonally (7).

3. - Guard rail (1; 17; 24) according to claim 2, characterized in that the access ladder (14) is placed in a centered position inside the structure of the railing (1 17, 25, 26).

4. - Guard rail (1; 17; 24) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the fastening elements of the lower rail (2) and the vertical tubular upright (5) are constituted by pliers (18) and keys (19).

5. - Guard rail (1; 17; 24) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the fastening elements (25, 26) of the lower rail (2) and the vertical tubular upright ( 5) consist of cups and plates.

6. - Monobloc guardrail (1; 17; 24) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises, in its upper part, a horizontal raising bar (20), which is deported by relative to the plane of the rest of the railing (17; 24).

7.- One-piece guardrail (1; 17; 24) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the horizontal portion (1 1) of the elbow tube (10) is housed at the bottom of at least two V-shaped receptacles (21, 22) for receiving the lower rail (23) of a railing of the next higher stage of the tower (28).

8.- Guard rail (1; 17; 24) according to claims 6 and 7 taken together, characterized in that the raising bar (20) is fixed on external faces of the receptacles (21, 22).

9. - One-piece guardrail (1; 17; 24) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that its attachment to another guardrail (1, 17, 24) of the same level is effected by horizontal frontal movement, and in that it comprises a tilting handle (35) hinged about an axis of rotation (36) preferably located substantially in the middle of the lower rail (2). this tilting handle (35) being extended at one of its ends by a fork (37) intended to be positioned by simple gravity jumper on the upper rail (1 1) of the guardrail (1) of the lower level.

10. - Guard rail (1; 17; 24) according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises a recess (38) formed on the top rail (1 1), at a location intended to face the handle (35) of the guardrail (1) of the upper level.

1 1 .- Shoring tower (28), characterized in that it comprises posts (29) multidirectional scaffolding, guardrails according to one of claims 1 to 10, and mounting plates (32 ) arranged on the various floors of the tower (28).

12. Shoring tower (28) according to claim 1 1, characterized in that said guardrails are of the type according to one of claims 1 to 5 and 7 to 10, and in that said mounting plates ( 32) are fixed on the guardrails (28) by means of lowering hooks.