WO2014057890A1 - 太陽電池用カバーガラス - Google Patents
太陽電池用カバーガラス Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014057890A1 WO2014057890A1 PCT/JP2013/077139 JP2013077139W WO2014057890A1 WO 2014057890 A1 WO2014057890 A1 WO 2014057890A1 JP 2013077139 W JP2013077139 W JP 2013077139W WO 2014057890 A1 WO2014057890 A1 WO 2014057890A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- solar cell
- cover glass
- solar
- glass
- mass
- Prior art date
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- 239000006059 cover glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003426 chemical strengthening reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006124 Pilkington process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 174
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 29
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000005354 aluminosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- MARUHZGHZWCEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenyl-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NNN=N1 MARUHZGHZWCEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007372 rollout process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005407 aluminoborosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002808 Si–O–Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007500 overflow downdraw method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
- C03C3/085—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
- C03C3/087—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/089—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron
- C03C3/091—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cover glass for a solar cell.
- Non-Patent Document 1 describes that when quartz is used as a cover glass of a solar cell module, power generation performance does not deteriorate even if a potential difference is applied to the solar cell module. Further, in the case where an alkali diffusion prevention layer mainly composed of silicon oxide is provided on at least the surface of the cover glass surface of the solar cell module close to the solar cell, a potential difference is generated in the solar cell module. It is stated that the power generation performance does not deteriorate even if is given.
- Non-Patent Document 1 since quartz, which has been described in Non-Patent Document 1 as having no performance deterioration due to the potential difference in the solar cell module, cannot be produced in a large area at a low cost, it is particularly a cover of a large area such as a solar cell. Not suitable as glass. Non-Patent Document 1 also describes that the method of applying an alkali diffusion-preventing silicon oxide thin film to a glass surface cannot suppress performance deterioration due to a potential difference.
- the present invention provides a solar cell cover glass capable of suppressing performance deterioration due to a potential difference in a solar cell module including solar cells and a solar cell cover glass in view of the problems of the above-described conventional technology. With the goal.
- the present invention has a volume resistivity of 1.0 ⁇ 10 8.3 ⁇ ⁇ cm or more, and a surface layer sodium concentration on the surface arranged on the solar cell side is 0.01 mass in terms of Na 2 O.
- a cover glass for solar cells that is in the range of not less than 10% and not more than 13% by mass.
- the solar battery cover glass of the present invention it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the performance of the solar battery cell due to the potential difference in the solar battery module including the solar battery cell and the solar battery cover glass.
- cover glass for solar cells (hereinafter also simply referred to as “cover glass”) is for sealing a part or the whole of the solar cells in order to accommodate and protect the solar cells.
- the solar cells When sealing solar cells with a cover glass for solar cells, the solar cells can be sealed by directly contacting the solar cells and the cover glass, but the resin is interposed between the solar cells and the cover glass. Etc. can be arranged, and the solar battery cell can be sealed with a cover glass through the resin. Further, reinforcing glass or resin can be further installed on the outer surface of the cover glass.
- a super straight silicon thin film solar cell or a cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin film solar cell generally has a solar cell directly in contact with a cover glass.
- the inventors of the present invention pay attention to the volume resistivity and the surface layer sodium concentration in such a cover glass for a solar cell, and when these values are in a predetermined range, they are caused by a potential difference in the semiconductor device. As a result, the present invention has been completed.
- the solar cell cover glass of the present embodiment has a volume resistivity of 1.0 ⁇ 10 8.3 ⁇ ⁇ cm or more, and a surface sodium concentration on the surface disposed on the solar cell side is Na 2 O. It is the range of 0.01 mass% or more and 13 mass% or less in conversion.
- one or more solar cells are electrically connected in series or in parallel.
- a string in which a plurality of solar cell modules are electrically connected in series is defined as a string.
- One or a plurality of strings electrically connected in parallel is defined as a solar cell array.
- each module has a structure such as a frame that can be electrically grounded, it is obliged to ground the solar cell module. Therefore, when the frames of the solar cell modules constituting the string are grounded and the solar cells in the solar cell module constituting one end of the string are at the same potential as the ground, the solar located at the other end of the string The solar battery cell in the battery module is at a negative potential with respect to the ground potential.
- the solar cell cover glass of the present embodiment has a volume resistivity and a surface layer sodium concentration within predetermined ranges, so that various ions hardly move from the cover glass even when a potential difference occurs. It is presumed that the performance deterioration of the solar battery cell due to the potential difference in the solar battery module can be suppressed.
- volume resistivity here means the volume resistivity at 150 ° C.
- the measurement can be performed by a method (3-terminal method) based on ASTM D257, and more specifically, for example, by the procedure shown in the examples described later.
- the volume resistivity may be 1.0 ⁇ 10 8.3 ⁇ ⁇ cm or more as described above, but 1.0 ⁇ 10 9.0 ⁇ ⁇ cm or more 1 It is more preferably 0.0 ⁇ 10 13 ⁇ ⁇ cm or less, and further preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 9.0 ⁇ ⁇ cm or more and 1.0 ⁇ 10 10.5 ⁇ ⁇ cm or less.
- the surface sodium concentration of the surface to be arranged on the solar cell side of the cover glass for a solar cell of the present embodiment is in the range of 13 wt% or more 0.01 mass% or less in terms of Na 2 O.
- sodium ions that move mainly due to the potential difference in the solar cell module and degrade the photoelectric conversion performance of the solar cells can be considered to be sodium ions that are small in size and easy to move.
- the solar cell cover glass is made solar by the potential difference in the solar cell module. It is considered that the movement of ions to the battery cell is suppressed and the performance deterioration of the solar battery cell can be suppressed.
- the surface layer sodium concentration is more preferably 10% by mass or less, and still more preferably 5% by mass or less in terms of Na 2 O.
- the lower limit of the surface sodium concentration may be 0.01% by mass or more as described above, but is preferably 1% by mass or more, and more preferably 2% by mass or more.
- the surface sodium concentration in the present invention means the sodium concentration on the surface (one surface) arranged on the solar cell side in the solar cell cover glass, and in particular, the outermost surface portion on the solar cell side.
- a sodium concentration in a region including a depth range of 3 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m can be performed using, for example, a wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence analyzer, and specifically, for example, can be performed by the method shown in the examples described later.
- the surface sodium concentration on the surface (the other surface) opposite to the solar cell side and the side surface portion is not particularly limited, but the surface sodium concentration also satisfies the above-mentioned regulations for these surfaces. It is more preferable. That is, it is more preferable that the surface layer sodium concentration satisfies the above-mentioned regulations for all the surfaces of the solar cell cover glass.
- the method of setting the surface layer sodium concentration in the above range is not particularly limited, but for example, a method of adjusting the sodium concentration contained in the whole glass by selecting a glass composition can be mentioned.
- the chemical strengthening process is performed about the cover glass for solar cells, and the method of substituting the sodium ion contained in a glass surface layer part with another ion is mentioned. Therefore, it is preferable that the cover glass for solar cells of this embodiment is subjected to a chemical strengthening treatment.
- the glass used for the cover glass of this embodiment is easy to substitute the sodium ion contained in a surface layer part by another ion by a chemical strengthening process.
- stress is easily applied by chemical strengthening treatment.
- An example of such glass is aluminosilicate glass.
- the internal sodium concentration of the solar cell cover glass of the present embodiment is preferably in the range of 0.01% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less in terms of Na 2 O.
- the upper limit is more preferably 14% by mass or less.
- the lower limit of the internal sodium concentration is preferably 0.01% by mass or more as described above, and more preferably 5% by mass or more from the viewpoint of production cost.
- the internal sodium concentration can be measured using, for example, a wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence analyzer, and the details thereof can be performed, for example, by the method shown in the examples described later.
- the thickness of the cover glass of this embodiment is not specifically limited, From a viewpoint of coexistence of intensity
- the present inventors have taken into consideration that the ease of diffusion of sodium ions from the cover glass to the solar cells when an electric field is formed in the solar cell module correlates with the deterioration of the solar cells, when value of D Na calculated by the equation 1 consisting of the physical properties of the cover glass for a solar cell of the present embodiment is within a specific range, it can very effectively suppress the deterioration of the solar cell, a preferred solar cell It discovered that it could be set as a cover glass.
- the DNa value calculated by the following formula 1 is in the range of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 or more and 23 or less, deterioration of the solar battery cell when an electric field is formed in the solar battery module can be particularly suppressed. Therefore, it is preferable. Later, it represents the value calculated from equation 1 and D Na.
- Glass has a network structure formed by SiO 2 or the like contained as its main component.
- the above-described network structure is formed by SiO 4 tetrahedra sharing apex oxygen with each other. ing.
- Oxygen that cross-links between Si when forming such a network structure is referred to as cross-linked oxygen, and oxygen that is not cross-linked with Si because the bond of Si—O—Si is broken is referred to as non-cross-linked oxygen.
- the non-bridging oxygen part is negatively charged, making it easier to bind the cations around it. For this reason, when the non-bridging oxygen content ratio (NBO / T) in the solar cell cover glass is 0.1 or more as described above, even if a potential difference occurs in the solar cell module, the cation to the solar cell It is considered that it is possible to further suppress the movement of.
- the non-bridging oxygen content ratio (NBO / T) is 0.4 or more, it is more preferable because the movement of cations to the solar cell can be further suppressed and the performance deterioration of the solar cell can be further suppressed.
- the upper limit of the non-bridging oxygen content ratio (NBO / T) is not particularly limited, but the strength of the cover glass decreases as the non-crosslinking oxygen content ratio (NBO / T) increases, so the required strength. It is preferable to select according to, for example, 0.9 or less.
- the cover glass for a solar cell of the present embodiment more preferably the internal beta-OH concentration is 0.30 mm -1 or less and preferably 0.26 mm -1 or less, it is 0.25 mm -1 or less, especially preferable.
- the lower limit value of the internal ⁇ -OH concentration is not particularly limited, and can be, for example, 0 mm ⁇ 1 or more.
- the internal ⁇ -OH concentration indicates the amount of OH groups contained in the glass structure, and the higher the internal ⁇ -OH concentration, the greater the amount of moisture remaining in the glass structure.
- sodium ions which are positive ions
- the internal ⁇ -OH concentration is high, sodium is likely to move, so that the power generation performance is likely to be reduced due to the potential difference. Therefore, it may be unsuitable as a cover glass for solar cells.
- any glass can be used without any particular limitation within the scope of the present invention. Examples include aluminoborosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, soda lime glass, and the like.
- aluminosilicate glass for example, a glass having the following composition in mole percentage can be used.
- a soda lime glass having the following composition in mass percentage can be used.
- a general method can be adopted as a method for producing the cover glass for a solar cell of the present invention.
- a float method, a rollout method, a fusion method, etc. are mentioned.
- the cover glass for solar cells of this embodiment is manufactured by the float method.
- a functional layer may be formed on the surface of the solar cell cover glass of the present invention.
- the functional layer for example, an antireflection layer in which a silica-based low refractive material or a high refractive layer / low refractive layer is laminated, an undercoat layer having an alkali barrier function, an adhesion improving layer, a protective layer, a layer having a wavelength conversion function, Etc. It is also possible to form irregularities on the glass surface by etching or the like and to provide functions as an antireflection layer and an adhesion improving layer.
- various photovoltaic cells which have an electrical potential difference in this photovoltaic cell module Can be applied.
- the types of solar cells are, for example, crystalline silicon solar cells, thin film silicon solar cells, thin film compound solar cells (CdTe, CI (G) S, CZTS), organic thin film solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells, high efficiency compound solar cells.
- Examples of the crystalline silicon solar cell include single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, heterojunction (amorphous / crystalline silicon: commonly called HIT), and the like.
- the back contact type solar cell having no electrode on the surface thereof is more easily charged than the crystalline silicon solar cell having an electrode on the normal surface. It is effective to use a cover glass.
- the solar cell cover glass of the present embodiment makes it possible to suppress the deterioration of the performance of the solar battery cells due to the potential difference inside the module in the solar battery modules having various structures.
- the cover glass for solar cells of this embodiment is used in a solar power generation system with a power generation capacity of 5 kW or more. preferable. Even when the power generation capacity of the solar power generation system is larger, the suppression effect becomes remarkable. When the power generation capacity is 10 kW or more, the suppression effect becomes more remarkable. More preferred.
- the solar cell cover glass of the present embodiment has a remarkable effect of suppressing the performance deterioration of solar cells in a system where the release voltage of one string or the system voltage exceeds 300V.
- the cover glass for solar cells of this embodiment can be preferably used for a system in which the release voltage of one string or the system voltage exceeds 300V.
- the suppression effect becomes remarkable even when the release voltage of one string or the system voltage is larger, and the suppression effect becomes more remarkable in a system exceeding 500V.
- the cover glass for solar cells of this embodiment can be more preferably used for a system in which the release voltage of one string or the system voltage exceeds 500V.
- the solar cell cover glass of this embodiment can be preferably used for the solar cell module which comprises the solar power generation system incorporating a transformerless power conditioner.
- the cover glass of all the modules constituting the high-voltage string is not the cover glass of the present embodiment, only the module connected to a position relatively lower than the ground potential is used for the solar cell cover glass of the present embodiment. It is preferable from the viewpoint of cost.
- the effect can also be exhibited by using the cover glass of the present embodiment only for the cover glass of a module positioned in a low potential of 200 V or more in absolute value with respect to the ground potential in one string.
- the cover glass of the present invention can be used within a range that does not exceed three-fifths from the lowest potential side with respect to the ground potential among component modules, or within a range that does not exceed one-third.
- the cover glass of the present embodiment is not limited to the solar cell application, and can be applied to various semiconductor elements having a potential difference in the semiconductor device in a semiconductor device including the semiconductor element.
- the cover glass of the present embodiment is transparent, it is preferably applied to various semiconductor elements that require translucency for the portion where the cover glass is provided.
- it can be preferably used as a cover glass for semiconductor devices included in various displays such as PDP, FED and LCD, solid-state imaging devices, light emitting devices such as semiconductor lasers, solar cell modules, and the like.
- an accelerated deterioration test is performed on a solar cell module using a solar cell cover glass having a predetermined characteristic as a solar cell cover glass, and the solar cell module before and after the accelerated deterioration test The output change was evaluated.
- the cover glass was cut into about 5 cm square, and an aluminum electrode was formed on the entire surface by vacuum deposition.
- a circular electrode with a diameter of 30 mm and an aluminum electrode with a guard electrode with an inner diameter of 32 mm were formed in the center of the opposite surface by vacuum deposition.
- Two or more test pieces were prepared for volume resistance measurement with respect to one glass sample.
- Two test pieces, a standard sample with a clear volume resistance at 150 ° C., and a glass having a thickness similar to that of the sample and provided with a thermocouple for temperature measurement are used for volume resistance measurement. Arranged in the apparatus. The measurement was performed in the atmosphere. The measurement temperature was confirmed with a thermocouple and adjusted to 150 ° C. ⁇ 2 ° C.
- the template glass produced by a roll-out method or the like having unevenness on the surface was measured by polishing to the extent that the unevenness pattern disappeared and a mirror surface appeared.
- sample No. The template glass having a thickness of 3.2 mm having 5 irregularities was measured after polishing both surfaces of the glass so that the thickness after polishing was about 2.7 mm.
- Non-crosslinked oxygen content ratio (NBO / T) The molar concentration of Na 2 O, K 2 O, MgO, CaO, and Al 2 O 3 obtained using a wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence analyzer and the number of non-bridging oxygen and tetrahedral coordination from the following formula The number of cations present was calculated, and the non-bridging oxygen content ratio (NBO / T) was calculated according to the following formula.
- Non-bridging oxygen content ratio (number of non-bridging oxygen) / (number of cations coordinating tetrahedrons)
- NBO non-bridging oxygen content ratio
- T number of tetrahedrally coordinated cations
- NBO 2 (C M2O + C M′O ) -2 (C Al2O3 + C 4 coordinated B2O3 )
- T C SiO2 +2 ( CAl2O3 + C4 coordination B2O3 )
- M Alkali metal element
- M ′ Alkaline earth metal element
- C Molar concentration
- the composition of the glass was examined using a wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence analyzer after polishing the glass surface layer.
- (1-5) Internal ⁇ -OH Concentration The transmittance of infrared light at a wavelength of 2.5 ⁇ m (4000 cm ⁇ 1 ) of a glass plate having a thickness of tmm, which is the same glass used as the cover glass of each sample, is A%, The transmittance of the infrared light at the peak top in the vicinity of the wavelength ⁇ was calculated by the following formula with B%. It is necessary to select an appropriate wavelength ⁇ depending on the glass composition. For example, sample No. 1 is 2.86 ⁇ m (3571 cm ⁇ 1 ), sample no. In the case of 2 and 5, 2.86 ⁇ m (3500 cm ⁇ 1 ), sample no. In the case of 3 and 4, 2.87 ⁇ m (3482 cm ⁇ 1 ) was used.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a longitudinal sectional view of a solar cell module (a sectional view taken along a plane perpendicular to the light receiving surface of the solar cell).
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ in FIG. 1, that is, schematically showing a cross-sectional view of the solar cell module.
- the solar cell module 10 includes four solar cells 11 made of 6-inch single crystal silicon, and the solar cells are divided into two EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer) having a thickness of 0.6 mm. And a back sheet 14 made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and sandwiched between sealing materials 12 made of resin) and having the characteristics shown in Table 1 below.
- EVA ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- Table 1 As the cover glass 13 for a solar cell, a sample having a length of 372 mm and a width of 343 mm is used for each sample, and the plate thickness is as shown in Table 1. Note that the EVA size after sealing the solar cell is larger than 372 mm in length and 343 mm in width in any sample.
- the sealing material that protruded from the glass after sealing was cut with a cutter. At this time, the lead portion 16 connected to the solar cell is disposed on the lower surface side of the sealing resin as shown in FIG.
- a frame 15 made of aluminum is bonded through a sealing material 17 to form a solar cell module 10.
- sample No. 1 is a cover glass using aluminoborosilicate.
- 2 is a cover glass obtained by subjecting soda lime glass to chemical strengthening treatment.
- 3 and 4 are both aluminosilicate glasses.
- sample no. The glass of No. 4 was further subjected to chemical strengthening treatment.
- Sample No. No. 5 is soda lime glass, which is not subjected to chemical strengthening treatment and is subjected to air cooling strengthening.
- Sample No. Glasses 1 to 4 were produced by the float process.
- Sample No. The glass No. 5 was produced by a roll-out method.
- Sample No. In the glass No. 5, the pattern engraved on the forming roll is formed as a template pattern on the glass surface, the matte pattern is engraved on one side, and the uneven shape is engraved on the other side, increasing the surface area. Yes.
- Sample No. The module No. 5 was manufactured by facing the surface with the larger surface area toward the EVA side.
- the output of the solar cell module measured similarly after the test is shown.
- the volume resistivity is 1.0 ⁇ 10 8.2 ⁇ ⁇ cm, which is small compared to other samples and the surface sodium concentration is high. It is assumed that ions moved from the cover glass to the solar cell and deteriorated the solar cell.
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Abstract
Description
ρ:カバーガラスの体積抵抗率(Ω・cm)、
SNa:ガラス表層ナトリウム濃度(Na2O換算:質量%)
BNa:ガラス内部ナトリウム濃度(Na2O換算:質量%)
さらに、本実施形態の太陽電池用カバーガラスは、非架橋酸素量(非架橋酸素量比率(NBO/T))が0.1以上であることが好ましい。
Al2O3 5~25%、
B2O3 1~20%、
MgO 0~10%、
CaO 0~15%、
SrO 0~15%、
BaO 0~20% を含む。
Al2O3 1~15%、
Na2O 5~17%
K2O 3~15%
MgO 0~15%、
CaO 0~15%、
ZrO2 0~5%、
かつ、SiO2およびAl2O3の含有量の合計が75%以下、
Na2OおよびK2Oの含有量の合計Na2O+K2Oが12~25%、
MgOおよびCaOの含有量の合計MgO+CaOが7~15% を含む。
Al2O3 0~3%、
Na2O 0~20%
K2O 0~5%
MgO 0~6%、
CaO 5~12% を含む。
(1)カバーガラスの特性評価方法
(1-1)体積抵抗率ρ
各試料のカバーガラスとして用いるものと同じガラスをASTM D257に準拠した方法(3端子法)で150℃における体積抵抗率を測定した。
(1-2)表層ナトリウム濃度:SNa
各試料のカバーガラスとして用いるものと同じガラスについて、カバーガラスとして用いる際に太陽電池側に配置する面について、表層のナトリウム濃度(Na2O換算)を波長分散型蛍光X線分析装置(ZSX100e、(株)リガク社製)を用いて測定した。
(1-3)内部ナトリウム濃度:BNa
各試料のカバーガラスとして用いるものと同じガラスについて、ナトリウム濃度(Na2O換算)を、波長分散型蛍光X線分析装置を用いて測定した。ガラス内部を測定するために、ガラス表面を0.1mm程度研磨したのちに、測定した。
(1-4)非架橋酸素量比率:(NBO/T)
波長分散型蛍光X線分析装置を用いて求めたNa2O、K2O、MgO、CaO、Al2O3のモル濃度と下記の式から非架橋酸素の数と、4面体配位している陽イオンの数を算出し、以下の式により非架橋酸素量比率(NBO/T)を算出した。
非架橋酸素の数NBO、4面体配位している陽イオンの数Tは、それぞれ下記式から算出した。
T=CSiO2+2(CAl2O3+C4配位B2O3)
M:アルカリ金属元素、M´:アルカリ土類金属元素、C:モル濃度
4配位B2O3の定量が必要な場合にはNMR法にて求めた。
(1-5)内部β-OH濃度
各試料のカバーガラスとして用いるものと同じガラスを厚さtmmのガラス板の、波長2.5μm(4000cm-1)の赤外光の透過率をA%、波長λ近傍ピークトップの赤外光の透過率をB%として以下の式により算出した。波長λはガラスの組成によって適切な波長を選択する必要がある。たとえば、試料No.1の場合は、2.86μm(3571cm-1)、試料No.2と5の場合には2.86μm(3500cm-1)、試料No.3と4の場合には2.87μm(3482cm-1)を用いた。
赤外光の透過率の測定に当たっては、赤外分光装置(Thermo Fisher SCIENTIFIC社製、型番:Nicolet6700)を用いて行った。
(2)実験内容
以下の実施例、比較例における太陽電池モジュールの構成、加速劣化試験の方法について説明する。
(2-1)太陽電池モジュールの構成
太陽電池モジュールは試料No.1~5の5種類作製し、それぞれについて評価を行った。これらの太陽電池モジュールは後述する様に太陽電池用カバーガラスが異なる点以外は同様の構成としている。以下に太陽電池モジュールの構成を説明する。
(2-2)加速劣化試験
図3に示すように、作製した太陽電池モジュールのカバーガラス13の面を下にして、太陽電池モジュール10の半分以上を蒸留水21に浸漬した状態で周辺の温度を60℃、湿度を85%に保ち、太陽電池モジュール10のアルミフレーム15と、太陽電池11との間に1000Vの電圧(直流)を48時間印加することにより加速劣化試験を行った。なお、太陽電池モジュール10のケース部、すなわち、アルミフレーム15が1000V、太陽電池のリード部16が0Vになるように電源22に接続して電圧を印加している。
Claims (7)
- 体積抵抗率が1.0×108.3Ω・cm以上、太陽電池セル側に配置される面の表層ナトリウム濃度がNa2O換算で0.01質量%以上、13質量%以下の範囲である太陽電池用カバーガラス。
- 内部ナトリウム濃度がNa2O換算で0.01質量%以上、15質量%以下の範囲である請求項1に記載の太陽電池用カバーガラス。
- 以下の式1で算出されるDNa値が1×10-6以上、23以下の範囲である、請求項1または2に記載の太陽電池用カバーガラス。
式1:DNa=(SNa×BNa)/log10(ρ)
ここで、SNaはガラス表層ナトリウム濃度(Na2O換算:質量%)、BNaはガラス内部ナトリウム濃度(Na2O換算:質量%)、ρは体積抵抗率(Ω・cm)、である。 - 化学強化処理が施された請求項1乃至3いずれか一項に記載の太陽電池用カバーガラス。
- 厚みが0.3mm以上、4.0mm以下である請求項1乃至4いずれか一項に記載の太陽電池用カバーガラス。
- フロート法で製造された請求項1乃至5いずれか一項に記載の太陽電池用カバーガラス。
- 発電容量が5kW以上の太陽光発電システムに使用される請求項1乃至6いずれか一項に記載の太陽電池用カバーガラス。
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US10355147B2 (en) | 2014-12-26 | 2019-07-16 | Material Concept, Inc. | Solar cell module and method for manufacturing the same |
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TWI614909B (zh) * | 2015-08-07 | 2018-02-11 | 有成精密股份有限公司 | 輕量化太陽能電池模組 |
IT201600083087A1 (it) * | 2016-08-05 | 2018-02-05 | Invent S R L | Pannello fotovoltaico perfezionato |
CN109715398A (zh) * | 2016-08-05 | 2019-05-03 | 发明有限责任公司 | 改进的光伏板 |
KR101892941B1 (ko) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-08-30 | (주)유티아이 | 광학 필터 및 그 제조방법 |
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