WO2014050305A1 - パターン計測装置、自己組織化リソグラフィに用いられる高分子化合物の評価方法、及びコンピュータープログラム - Google Patents
パターン計測装置、自己組織化リソグラフィに用いられる高分子化合物の評価方法、及びコンピュータープログラム Download PDFInfo
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- G01B15/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B15/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons
- G01B15/04—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons for measuring contours or curvatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
- G01N23/225—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material using electron or ion
- G01N23/2251—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material using electron or ion using incident electron beams, e.g. scanning electron microscopy [SEM]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F18/00—Pattern recognition
- G06F18/20—Analysing
- G06F18/22—Matching criteria, e.g. proximity measures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
- G06T7/0004—Industrial image inspection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
- G06T7/0004—Industrial image inspection
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- G01N2223/418—Imaging electron microscope
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pattern measurement apparatus that measures a pattern based on information obtained by a charged particle beam apparatus, and more particularly to pattern measurement for measuring a random pattern such as a polymer compound used in self-organized lithography.
- the present invention relates to an apparatus, an evaluation method, a computer program, and a storage medium capable of storing the computer program.
- DSA Directed Self Assembly technology
- BCP is coated on a substrate and thermally annealed to self-organize and phase-separate into a specific shape.
- it is necessary to organize into a desired shape. Therefore, it is necessary to control or induce the self-organization phenomenon chemically or physically.
- Patent Document 1 describes an example in which a pattern formed by the DSA technique is observed with a scanning electron microscope, and an example in which pattern dimensions are measured.
- JP 2010-269304 A (corresponding US Pat. No. 8,114,306)
- the greatest feature of patterning by DSA is that the pitch and dimensions of the pattern are determined by the material. In other words, since the quality of the pattern depends on how the material can be manufactured according to the specifications, it is desirable to inspect all BCP materials at every shipment, and an evaluation device that can easily and accurately evaluate materials Is expected to be required.
- BCP material evaluation methods include preparing a guide pattern that can be arranged in a desired shape on the substrate in advance, and then evaluating after arranging the BCP material along the guide pattern, and neutralizing without using the guide pattern.
- a method of applying a BCP material on the substrate and evaluating it as a fingerprint pattern is conceivable.
- the shape can be easily quantified because the guide pattern is arranged in a desired shape.
- the quality of the guide pattern affects the BCP pattern.
- Patent Document 1 does not discuss an evaluation method for evaluating the fingerprint pattern itself.
- a pattern measurement apparatus for measuring a pattern on a sample based on an image acquired by a charged particle beam, wherein the linear part of the pattern on the sample or a part that can be linearly approximated
- a pattern measuring device that outputs at least one of measurement of a distance between the extracted portions, a ratio of the extracted portions in a predetermined region, and a length of the extracted portion, and the calculation to a computer Propose a computer program to be executed.
- a pattern measurement device that obtains a frequency according to a distance value between extracted portions and outputs a distance value that satisfies a predetermined condition as a pattern distance, and the output to a computer Propose a computer program to be executed.
- an evaluation method for evaluating a polymer compound used in self-organized lithography wherein a pattern pattern is selected from fingerprint pattern images obtained by a charged particle beam apparatus.
- An evaluation method for selectively extracting a straight line portion or a portion that can be linearly approximated, and determining at least one of measurement of a distance between the extracted portions, a ratio of the extracted portions in a predetermined region, and a length of the extracted portion suggest.
- a random pattern such as a fingerprint pattern can be evaluated quantitatively and with high accuracy.
- summary of a scanning electron microscope. The flowchart which shows the measurement process of a fingerprint pattern.
- the schematic diagram of a fingerprint pattern. The figure which shows an example of the SEM image of a fingerprint pattern, and the outline image which extracted the center line of the pattern about the said SEM image.
- the histogram which shows the relationship between the distance value between the centerlines in a predetermined area
- summary of the pattern measurement apparatus which performs a pattern measurement using the image information obtained by the scanning electron microscope.
- GUI Graphic User Interface
- the embodiment described below relates to a pattern measurement method and a measurement apparatus in a patterning technique using microphase separation of a block copolymer mainly composed of two kinds of polymers.
- the present embodiment relates to an apparatus, a method, a computer program, and a storage medium capable of storing the computer program for appropriately evaluating a polymer compound used in the DSA technique expected as an effective patterning technique.
- the evaluation is performed using only the portion of the fingerprint pattern where the pattern is a straight line.
- the curved portion is masked so that the evaluation is performed only on the straight portion.
- an SEM image of the sample is acquired under preset imaging conditions (magnification, acceleration voltage of irradiation beam, etc.). Specifically, the electron beam 102 emitted from the electron gun 101 of the SEM001 is converged by the focusing lens 103, scanned by the deflector 104 in the X direction and the Y direction (in a plane perpendicular to the drawing in FIG. 1), and the objective The surface of the sample 106 is scanned and irradiated with the lens 105 so that the focus of the electron beam is aligned with the surface of the sample 106 on which the measurement target pattern is formed.
- FIG. 1 an SEM image of the sample is acquired under preset imaging conditions (magnification, acceleration voltage of irradiation beam, etc.).
- the sample 106 is placed on a table and can be moved in a plane, and a desired region on the surface of the sample 106 is positioned in the irradiation region of the electron beam 102. To be controlled. A part of the secondary electrons generated from the surface of the sample 106 irradiated with the electron beam 102 is detected by the detector 107, converted into an electrical signal, sent to the overall control / image processing unit 108, and an SEM image is created. The processing unit 109 processes the SEM image to calculate the dimension of the pattern, and the result is displayed on the screen of the output unit 110. The overall control / image processing unit 108 also controls the entire SEM 001 including a table on which the sample 106 (not shown) is placed.
- the processing procedure in the calculation unit 109 is shown in FIG. First, as described above, the SEM 001 is controlled by the overall control / image processing unit 108 to acquire the SEM image of the measurement target pattern (S0001). Next, the SEM image acquired by the overall control / image processing unit 108 is received, the SEM image is processed by the calculation unit 109, and the pattern center line is extracted (S0002). Details of the measurement in step (S0002) will be described later.
- step (S0003) the straightness of the center line is determined based on the inclination per unit length of the center line. If it is confirmed by this determination that the region is a straight line region, the two center line inclinations are compared in the next step (S0004), and the distance is measured only in the parallel part (S0005). This process is performed for all the measurement points set in the image, and after all points are measured, an average measurement value is calculated in step (S0006). Thereby, the specific pitch of the BCP material is obtained.
- the extracted center line is displayed superimposed on the SEM image on the GUI.
- a computer including an image processing processor (determination unit) that performs quantification of a Finger Print Pattern shape as described below based on a signal of secondary electrons or the like is used.
- An apparatus configured as a part of a scanning electron microscope apparatus is exemplified, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- information based on a signal acquired by a scanning electron microscope (secondary electron signal, signal waveform information based on detection of secondary electrons, two-dimensional image signal, or contour information of a pattern edge extracted from an image, etc.)
- the pattern shape as described later may be quantified by an external measuring device provided with an interface for obtaining and an arithmetic device corresponding to the image processor.
- a program for performing processing to be described later may be registered in a storage medium, and the program may be executed by a processor that supplies necessary signals to a scanning electron microscope or the like. That is, the following description is also an explanation as a program or a program product that can be executed by a pattern measuring apparatus such as a scanning electron microscope.
- a scanning electron microscope using an electron beam has been described as an example of a charged particle beam apparatus.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- an ion beam irradiation apparatus using an ion beam may be used. Good.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a pattern measurement apparatus that performs pattern measurement using image information obtained by a scanning electron microscope.
- the pattern measuring device 801 is an arithmetic device that executes various processes according to a program stored in advance, and a contour line extraction unit 802 that extracts a contour line from image data output by the SEM001 as illustrated in FIG. It has. It should be noted that this function can be omitted when the contour line extraction unit is mounted in SEM001.
- the extracted outline is selectively extracted by the straight line extraction unit 803. As will be described later, based on the extracted straight line part, the center line dimension measuring part 804 measures the distance (pitch) between the stop lines of the pattern.
- the measurement value output unit 808 outputs a measurement result with a specific frequency as a measurement result, for example, to a display device of the input device 809.
- the pattern measuring device 901 can also function as a roughness measuring device.
- smoothing processing is performed on the obtained image data and contour data by the smoothing processing unit 806, and a plurality of edges between the edge of the pattern subjected to the smoothing processing and the center line of the pattern are processed.
- the centerline-edge dimension measuring unit 807 is measured by the centerline-edge dimension measuring unit 807, and the measurement value output unit 808 outputs the measurement result to a display device or the like.
- the operation of the pattern measuring apparatus 801 will be further described later.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a GUI screen for setting measurement conditions with a scanning electron microscope.
- the GUI illustrated in FIG. 9 is provided with a window 901 for selecting the type of measurement target (Target).
- Tiget the type of measurement target
- Polymer polymer compound
- a window 902 for inputting a target orientation is provided.
- Random random
- the selection content of the measurement item selection window (Measurement Option) 903 changes based on the input to the windows 901 and 902.
- the measurement target is a line pattern that is long in the vertical direction, so that the dimension measurement between line edges, the line pitch measurement, etc. Measurement items suitable for the line pattern can be selected in the window 903.
- the center line of the pattern is extracted for the entire image.
- the length of the straight line portion (Length_Stright) and the ratio of the straight line portion to the curved line portion (Ratio_Stright Curve) are shown. The contents of these measurement items will be described later.
- the following is an outline of the fingerprint pattern that is the measurement target in this embodiment of the scanning electron microscope.
- Figure 3 outlines the fingerprint pattern.
- a pattern constituted by two types of polymers (referred to as A and B) stands upright on the substrate 301, and the polymer A302 and the polymer B303 are alternately arranged in a fingerprint shape.
- the composition of the polymer used (molecular weight, molecular chain length, degree of separation between two types of polymers, etc.) and variations thereof affect the quality of the pattern shape. Therefore, when introducing new materials and processes, it is necessary to evaluate the performance of the polymer as a material and confirm the patterning ability. In this case, a fingerprint pattern is used.
- the fingerprint pattern can be obtained by neutralizing the Si substrate, applying a polymer having a self-organizing ability, and annealing at a constant temperature.
- the shape of the fingerprint pattern (line width, pitch, curvature of the bent portion, length of the straight line portion, etc.) varies depending on the material and is a clue for material evaluation.
- the SEM image shown in FIG. 4A is an image obtained by observing a stepped portion between two kinds of polymers by selectively etching one polymer after annealing. At this time, the difference in polymer appears as a difference in brightness in the image.
- the high-luminance portion 401 in the image is referred to as polymer A
- the low-luminance portion 402 is referred to as polymer B.
- the repeat pitch of polymer A and polymer B is It is unique depending on the composition of the BCP material (molecular weight of each of polymer A and polymer B, or blending of additives). Therefore, whether the BCP material has the composition as designed can be confirmed by measuring the pattern pitch (distance between center lines).
- the pattern pitch distance between center lines.
- etching may be performed to increase the pattern visibility in the SEM, and then imaging may be performed.
- electron beam irradiation by SEM may have a function of contracting one polymer. In that case, an electron beam irradiation may be performed before imaging to improve visibility, and then an evaluation image may be acquired.
- the SEM 001 or the contour line extraction unit 802 detects a point having a high gradation value from the SEM image, and extracts the center line of the pattern formed by the polymer A.
- the center line is extracted by, for example, performing binarization processing so that the polymers A and B are separated into white and black after removing noise from the image using a Gaussian filter or the like. Further, the thinned line until the polymer A (white) region is 1 pixel wide is defined as the center line. Other thinning methods can also be used.
- FIG. 4B An example of centerline extraction is shown in FIG. 4B, and the measurement flow is shown in FIG.
- the straight line extraction unit 803 arranges the reference points 502 at predetermined or arbitrary intervals along the center line 501 of the polymer A. Then, this reference point 502 is approximated by a straight line 503, and center line point sequences 504 and 505 of the pattern formed by the adjacent polymer A intersecting the normal 506 of the straight line 503 are detected. The detected point sequence is approximated to a straight line, and the inclination of the straight line adjacent to the straight line is compared.
- the two straight lines (503, 505) are regarded as parallel, and the center line dimension measuring unit 804 measures the distance 507 between the two straight lines and defines it as the pitch between the two patterns.
- the two straight lines (503, 504) are not parallel, so the distance is not measured.
- a line segment that can be regarded as a straight line is defined as a straight line, and the straight line portion is less than a predetermined value or less than a predetermined number of points. It can be considered that the line segment is excluded from the dimension measurement object other than the straight line.
- the correlation coefficient between the approximate line and the point sequence is obtained, and if that value is smaller than the preset threshold value, that part is excluded from measurement, and the remaining part is taken as a straight line (measurement) (As a target) may be defined.
- the curvature of the point sequence may be obtained, and a portion having a curvature equal to or larger than a predetermined threshold value or larger than the predetermined threshold value may be excluded from the measurement target, and the remaining portion may be defined as a straight line (as the measurement target).
- a measurement target region is further selected for the straight line portion extracted as described above, it is a line segment adjacent to a certain line segment (other line segments are not included in the line segment), and the adjacent line It is preferable to selectively measure or output the dimension of the line segment whose relative angle with the minute is less than a predetermined value.
- the measurement value output unit 808 outputs a dimension of a line segment that is a straight line portion and can be regarded as parallel to the adjacent contour line to a display device or the like of the input device 809 as a measurement result.
- the target measurement (pitch measurement) can be performed with high accuracy even for a pattern such as a fingerprint pattern.
- the measurement value having the highest frequency is used as the measurement result has been described.
- a measurement value having a specific frequency other than that may be output as the measurement result according to the purpose.
- the processing may take time. is there. If priority is given to speeding up the processing, detection points may be thinned out, or a parallel part may be extracted in advance from the SEM image, and pitch measurement may be performed only on that part. In that case, it can be realized by using an image processing technique such as a Hough transform generally known as a straight line extraction means on a digital image.
- a Hough transform generally known as a straight line extraction means on a digital image.
- the fingerprint pattern is self-assembled by annealing and aligned as a semiconductor device pattern shape.
- Many of the patterns formed on the basis of the fingerprint pattern are line patterns having a straight line shape, and it can be said that a material containing many linear portions in the fingerprint pattern is a material suitable for patterning. Therefore, by obtaining the ratio of the straight line portion, it is possible to perform quantitative evaluation of the polymer compound applied to the DSA technique and appropriate selection of the polymer compound based on the quantitative evaluation. Note that the ratio of the straight line part to the entire line segment included in the visual field or a predetermined area in the visual field may be output, or the ratio of the straight line part and the curved line part may be output.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an SEM image of a fingerprint pattern, and represents a fingerprint pattern composed of a pattern A 701 and a pattern B 702.
- LER line edge roughness
- the center line-edge dimension measuring unit 807 extracts both the left and right edges (704, 705) of the pattern A in addition to the center line 703, and measures the distance 710 from the edge detection point in the normal direction of the center line.
- the variation can be defined as LER.
- the line width variation is the sum of squares of the edge position variations of the edges on both sides, so the distance (line width) between the edge detection points in the normal direction on both sides across the center line is measured, and the line The variation of the edge on one side is calculated from the variation of the width.
- the variation of the center line itself also affects the LER, the variation of the center line needs to be removed in advance.
- the variation can be removed by obtaining the center line after smoothing the image by the smoothing processing unit 806 or smoothing the obtained center line. Since the fluctuation component and roughness peculiar to the fingerprint have a large difference in frequency, it is also effective to reconstruct an image after masking the variation component by setting a threshold value for the frequency.
- the straight line portion is extracted from the already acquired SEM image and evaluated.
- the straight line portion is searched for in the same way from the low-magnification images acquired in advance, and the SEM image of the straight line portion is obtained. Evaluation may be performed after reacquiring
- the pattern measurement technique disclosed in this specification can be applied to any object that can be acquired with an electron microscope or a charged particle beam apparatus similar thereto.
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Abstract
Description
BCP材の構成(ポリマーA、ポリマーBそれぞれの分子量、或いは添加物の配合)によって固有のものである。したがって,BCP材が設計したとおりの組成になっているかどうかは,パターンピッチ(中心線間の距離)を計測することで確認できる。なお,アニール後のフィンガープリントパターンには,2種のポリマー間に段差がないため,SEMではコントラストが得にくい場合がある。その際は,アニール後にエッチングを行い,SEMでのパターン視認性を上げたのち,撮像してもよい。また,SEMによる電子線照射が一方のポリマーを収縮させる働きをもつ場合がある。その際は,撮像前に電子線照射を行い,視認性を向上させた後,評価用画像を取得すればよい。
Claims (17)
- 荷電粒子線によって取得された画像に基づいて試料上のパターンの計測を行うパターン計測装置において、
前記試料上のパターンの直線部分、或いは直線近似できる部分を選択的に抽出し、当該抽出部分間の距離の測定、当該抽出部分の所定領域内における割合、及び当該抽出部分の長さの少なくとも1つを出力する演算装置を備えたことを特徴とするパターン計測装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記演算装置は、前記試料上のパターンの中心となる輪郭線間の距離、当該輪郭線内の直線部分の割合、及び直線部分の長さを演算することを特徴とするパターン計測装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記試料上のパターンは、フィンガープリントパターンであることを特徴とするパターン計測装置。 - 請求項3において,
前記演算装置は、前記フィンガープリントパターンの1のパターンの中心線と,隣接するパターンの中心線との間の距離を計測することを特徴とするパターン計測装置。 - 請求項3において,
前記演算装置は、前記フィンガープリントパターンの中心線の直線部分を抽出し,当該抽出された線分の長さを測定することを特徴とするパターン計測装置。 - 請求項3において,
前記演算装置は、前記フィンガープリントパターンの所定領域内における直線部分の割合を求めることを特徴とするパターン計測装置。 - 請求項1において,
前記演算装置は、前記パターン中心線を構成する点列の直線近似の傾きと,隣接する点列の近似直線の傾きを比較し,傾きの差により平行であるか否かを判定し,平行領域が長い部分を直線と判定することを特徴とするパターン計測装置。 - 請求項1において,
前記演算装置は、前記パターン中心線を構成する点列の直線近似の傾きを,中心線に沿って連続的に算出し,傾きの変化が小さい部分を直線と判定することを特徴とするパターン計測装置。 - 請求項1において,
前記演算装置は、前記パターン中心線を構成する点列の近似曲線の単位長さあたりの曲率半径を求め,曲率半径の小さい部分を直線と判定することを特徴とするパターン計測装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記演算装置は、前記抽出部分間の距離の測定結果ごとの頻度を求め、特定の頻度の測定結果を、前記抽出部分間の距離として出力することを特徴とするパターン計測装置。 - 請求項10において、
前記演算装置は、前記頻度の最も大きい測定結果を、前記抽出部分間の距離として出力することを特徴とするパターン計測装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記試料上のパターンは、複数のポリマーからなるブロックコポリマーのミクロ層分離によって形成されるものであることを特徴とするパターン計測装置。 - 自己組織化リソグラフィに用いられる高分子化合物を評価する評価方法であって、荷電粒子線装置によって得られるフィンガープリントパターン画像の中から、パターンの直線部分、或いは直線近似できる部分を選択的に抽出し、当該抽出部分間の距離の測定、当該抽出部分の所定領域内における割合、及び当該抽出部分の長さの少なくとも1つを求めることを特徴とするパターンの評価方法。
- 荷電粒子線によって取得された画像に基づいて試料上のパターンの計測をコンピューターに実効させるコンピュータープログラムにおいて、
当該プログラムは、前記コンピューターに前記試料上のパターンの直線部分、或いは直線近似できる部分を選択的に抽出させ、当該抽出部分間の距離の測定、当該抽出部分の所定領域内における割合、及び当該抽出部分の長さの少なくとも1つを出力させることを特徴とするコンピュータープログラム。 - 試料に対する荷電粒子線の走査に基づいて得られる信号を用いて、指紋状にランダムな方向性をもって配列したフィンガープリントパターンを測定する演算装置を備えたパターン計測装置であって、
当該演算装置は、前記荷電粒子線の走査に基づいて得られる信号から、フィンガープリントパターンの中心線と,左右両エッジを抽出し、中心線と左右両エッジの位置関係に基づいて、前記フィンガープリントパターンの特徴量を計算することを特徴とするパターン計測装置。 - 請求項15において、
前記フィンガープリントパターンは、2種のポリマーからなるブロックコポリマーのミクロ相分離によって形成されるものであることを特徴とするパターン計測装置。 - 請求項15において,
前記演算装置は、前記パターンの中心線と左右エッジの距離のばらつきを求めることを特徴とするパターン計測装置。
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US14/422,603 US9589343B2 (en) | 2012-09-27 | 2013-08-02 | Pattern measurement device, evaluation method of polymer compounds used in self-assembly lithography, and computer program |
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