WO2014049911A1 - 移動通信システム、移動予測装置及びページングエリアの決定方法 - Google Patents
移動通信システム、移動予測装置及びページングエリアの決定方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/029—Location-based management or tracking services
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W68/00—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like
- H04W68/02—Arrangements for increasing efficiency of notification or paging channel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W68/00—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like
- H04W68/04—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like multi-step notification using statistical or historical mobility data
Definitions
- the present invention relates to location registration processing and paging processing of a mobile station in a mobile communication system, and more particularly to determination of a location registration area and a paging area.
- the mobile communication system needs to grasp the area where the mobile station is located in the core network in order to realize paging for the mobile station in the standby state. In order to realize this, the mobile station performs location registration and notifies the core network of the area (location registration area) in which the mobile station is located.
- 3GPP LTE Long Term Evolution
- TA tracking area
- the tracking area is identified by a tracking area identifier (TAI).
- TAI tracking area identifier
- the mobile station can grasp the tracking area in which the base station is present by reporting the tracking area identifier of the tracking area to which the base station belongs.
- the tracking area where the mobile station is located is registered on the core network side when the mobile station performs location registration (TAU; Tracking Area Update).
- the core network can grasp the area where the mobile station is located based on the registered information.
- the tracking area is regarded as a paging area, and all base stations included therein transmit paging signals.
- the mobile station When receiving the paging signal addressed to the mobile station, the mobile station performs signaling for establishing a communication path. As a result, data can be transmitted and received, and the mobile station can be called.
- the location registration area the area where the mobile station is known by the core network by location registration
- the area where the paging signal is transmitted during paging is called the paging area.
- paging processing for a mobile station it is necessary for all base stations belonging to the location registration area to transmit a paging signal.
- paging processing outside the cell where the mobile station is located is a waste of radio resources. Therefore, in order to suppress this waste, a method for narrowing down the paging area where paging is actually performed from the position registration area has been proposed.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose techniques for narrowing down the paging area by determining the paging area based on the location registration history of the mobile station.
- Patent Document 1 selects a paging area according to a moving speed (or acceleration) from a location registration history of a mobile station obtained by GPS (Global Positioning System). Further, Patent Document 2 obtains a density distribution of a moving distance at a registration interval from a position registration history of a mobile station obtained by periodic position registration, and makes a circle whose radius is a distance at which the accumulated density is equal to or less than a threshold value. A technique for determining a set of included cells as a paging area is disclosed. Further, Patent Document 2 prevents paging failure by expanding the paging area in stages when paging fails.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 reduce the signaling cost required for paging by reducing the paging area according to the moving speed of the mobile station from the location registration history.
- these methods simply determine the paging area based on the movement distance calculated from the position registration history and the previous position registration position, the movement characteristics of the mobile station cannot be fully utilized. For example, when the mobile station continues to move in a certain direction, it is highly likely that the mobile station will continue to move in the same direction thereafter.
- the related method uses the area centered on the position registration position immediately before the mobile station as the paging area, it is unlikely that the mobile station is located in the area opposite to the moving direction, which is almost the same as the moving direction. There is room for improvement because paging is performed on the cells.
- Patent Document 1 uses the periodic location registration history to determine the radius of the paging area, but not the position of the mobile station at the time of the paging request but the next periodic location registration time. Therefore, when there is a paging request immediately after location registration, the paging area becomes larger than necessary.
- there are several ways to move people such as stop, walk, car, and train, which change over time.
- the related technique does not sufficiently consider this point, and the movement characteristics averaged within the acquisition period of the location registration history to be used are used, and the movement method cannot be dealt with.
- the location registration frequency can be reduced by increasing the location registration area.
- RAI route selection area identification information
- LAI position (registration) area identification information
- tracking area identifier list are used for identifying a location registration area.
- the signaling in mobility management provided in the present invention includes signaling required for paging of the mobile station and signaling required for location registration processing required when the mobile station moves out of the location registration area.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a mobile communication system, a mobile prediction apparatus, and a paging area determination method capable of reducing the cost required for signaling in mobile management of a mobile station.
- the movement prediction apparatus predicts the movement state of a mobile station, and creates a base station list that is likely to be located in the mobile station based on the prediction result in order to determine a paging area. Further, the estimated position at the predetermined time and the predicted position after the movement at the time after the predetermined time are calculated, and the estimated position and the predicted position are used to determine the vicinity of the route from the estimated position to the predicted position.
- the base station list is created so that the mobile station is more likely to be in the area than the area.
- a mobile communication system predicts a movement state of a mobile station and creates a base station list that is highly likely to be located in the mobile station based on the prediction result, and the movement prediction device Is provided with a mobility management device that determines a paging area based on the base station list created. Then, the movement prediction device calculates an estimated position at a predetermined time and a predicted position after movement at a time after the predetermined time, and uses the estimated position and the predicted position, from the previous estimated position to the predicted position.
- the base station list is created so that the mobile station is more likely to be in the vicinity of the route than the other areas.
- a method for determining a paging area includes: calculating an estimated position at a predetermined time and a predicted position after movement at a time after the predetermined time; and using the estimated position and the predicted position, Creating the base station list where the mobile station is more likely to be located, assuming that the vicinity of the route to the predicted position is more likely to be located in the mobile station than in other areas, the base station list Determining a paging area based on.
- a paging area is appropriately selected to prevent an unnecessarily large size.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a configuration in Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a block diagram which shows an example of a structure of the movement estimation apparatus in Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 6 is a sequence diagram illustrating an example of an operation of a location registration process in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a sequence diagram illustrating an example of an operation of a paging process in the first embodiment.
- 3 is an example of a base station list creation in the first embodiment.
- 10 is a sequence diagram illustrating an example of an operation of a position notification process in Embodiment 2.
- FIG. It is a block diagram which shows an example of a structure of the movement estimation apparatus in Embodiment 3.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a mobile communication system according to the present invention.
- the mobile communication system according to this embodiment includes a plurality of mobile stations 10, a plurality of base stations 20, a mobility management device 30, a mobility prediction device 40, and a gateway 50.
- the mobile station 10 performs location registration with the mobility management device 30 via the base station 20 in the area.
- the mobile station 10 holds the location registration area information notified from the mobility management device 30 by location registration.
- the location registration is performed when the mobile station 10 moves to the cell of the base station 10 that does not belong to the location registration area information held by itself.
- the base station 20 is connected to the mobile station 10 located in a radio reachable range (cell) by radio access technology.
- the mobility management device 30 manages the location of the mobile station 10.
- location management includes management of the location registration area of the mobile station 10 and paging processing for the mobile station 10.
- the mobility management device 30 is connected to the base station 20, processes location registration from the mobile station 10, and manages the location registration area of the mobile station 10.
- the mobility management device 30 performs a paging process for the mobile station 10 in a standby state in response to a request from the gateway 50.
- the mobility management apparatus 30 is connected to the movement prediction apparatus 40 and notifies the movement prediction apparatus 40 of base station information or position information in which the mobile station 10 is located.
- the mobility management device 30 requests the motion prediction device 40 to estimate an area where the mobile station 10 is likely to be located after a certain period of time, or based on the result. And a function for determining a location registration area and a paging area.
- the mobility management device 30 creates a base station list so that more base stations are included in the direction of movement prediction of the mobile station than in the direction opposite to the direction of movement prediction.
- the movement prediction device 40 predicts the movement of the mobile station 10 based on the position information of the mobile station 10 obtained by the position information notification from the movement management device 30.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration.
- the movement prediction apparatus 40 includes a position information conversion unit 41, a base station information storage unit 42, a movement state estimation unit 43, and a base station list generation unit 44.
- the base station information storage unit 42 holds a correspondence relationship between a base station identifier, the installation position of the base station (or the center position of the cell), and the cell radius.
- the location information conversion means 41 refers to the base station information storage unit 42 to obtain the base station location and cell radius from the observation location z, The error radius r is converted and output to the movement state estimation means 43.
- the position information conversion means 41 When the position information notification is the observation position z and the error radius r obtained by GPS or the like, the position information conversion means 41 outputs the information to the movement state estimation means 43 as it is.
- the movement state estimation means 43 has a function of estimating the movement state x ⁇ of the mobile station 10 and its error covariance matrix P ⁇ at time t0 when the input time of z and r is t0, and movement at time t0 + ⁇ t.
- a function for predicting the state x ⁇ and its error covariance matrix P ⁇ is provided.
- the base station list generation unit generates a base station list including a plurality of base station identifiers used to generate a location registration area and a paging area from x ⁇ , P ⁇ , x ⁇ , and P ⁇ .
- a Kalman filter can be used as the movement state estimation means 43.
- the gateway 50 relays data communication between the mobile station 10 and the external network. When there is an incoming data from an external network to the mobile station 10 in the standby state, the gateway 50 requests the mobile management device 30 to page the corresponding mobile station 10.
- FIG. 3 is a sequence diagram illustrating an example of the operation of the location registration process in the present embodiment.
- the mobile station 10 detects that its own station is located in a cell outside the location registration area, the mobile station 10 transmits a location registration request to the mobility management device 30.
- the location registration request reaches the mobility management device 30 via the base station 20 in which the mobile station 10 is located (S11).
- the location registration request may include coordinate information including the latitude and longitude of the mobile station 10 obtained by means such as GPS (Global Positioning System) and measurement accuracy.
- the mobility management device 30 When the location management request is received, the mobility management device 30 notifies the location information of the mobile station to the mobility prediction device 40 (S12).
- the location information is an identifier of the base station 20 that relayed the location registration request, and may be coordinate information included in the location registration request and its measurement error radius.
- the movement prediction device 40 that has received the position information notification updates the movement state of the mobile station 10 based on the position information included therein (S13). At this time, when position information is given as coordinate information and a measurement error radius, updating is performed using the values. When given as an identifier of the base station 20, the center position of the cell of the base station 20 (or the installation position of the base station) and its radius (multiplied by a certain coefficient) are used for updating.
- the mobility management device 30 that has transmitted the location information notification subsequently requests the motion prediction device 40 for the motion prediction of the mobile station 10 (S14).
- the movement prediction device 40 creates an identifier list of base stations that are likely to be located between the current time of the mobile station 10 and the time difference s (S15). Transmit (S16).
- the mobility management device 30 registers the received base station list as the location registration area of the mobile station 10, and registers the location registration area with respect to the mobile station 10 via the base station 20. Transmit (S17).
- the mobile station 10 holds the received location registration area as its location registration area.
- FIG. 4 is a sequence diagram illustrating an example of an operation in the paging process according to the present embodiment.
- the location management device 30 that has received the data incoming notification requests the movement prediction device 40 to estimate the current location area of the mobile station 10 (S22).
- the movement prediction device 40 receives the estimation request, creates a base station list with a high possibility that the mobile station 10 is currently located from the movement state of the mobile station 10 (S23), and transmits it to the movement management device 30 ( S24).
- the mobility management device 30 determines a base station list obtained as a common part of the base station list obtained as a result of the location estimation and the location registration area of the mobile station 10 as a paging area (S25), and sends a paging signal to the target base. Request to the station (S26, S27).
- a Kalman filter can be used for movement prediction and position estimation in the movement state estimation means 43 in the movement prediction apparatus 40.
- the Kalman filter is a method for estimating the current state from discrete observations including errors in a system that changes over time.
- the Kalman filter can estimate the most probable value of the variable by taking a weighted average of the value of the variable predicted by the model and the actually observed numerical value.
- feedback control can be performed on the system from observation data.
- movement prediction / position estimation operations when the Kalman filter is used will be described.
- the movement of the mobile station 10 is assumed to be modeled in the following line format.
- the upper equation is a state equation representing the state of the system.
- the lower equation is a measurement equation representing the relationship between system variables and observed variables.
- w and v are terms representing disturbances and measurement errors.
- F and H are matrices for associating variables on the right and left sides.
- X (t) and y (t) are vectors representing the moving state and observed values of the mobile station at time t, respectively.
- F ( ⁇ t) and Q ( ⁇ t) are a matrix representing a time transition determined by the time difference ⁇ t and a variance covariance matrix of noise (process noise) of the time transition, respectively.
- the observation state y (t) is a vector representing the position of the mobile station consisting of latitude and longitude.
- F ( ⁇ t) can be used for modeling the constant velocity linear movement of the mobile station and Q ( ⁇ t) for modeling the random acceleration and movement of the mobile station.
- H is a matrix for observing the position information (latitude, longitude) of the mobile station from x (t)
- R (r) is a variance-covariance matrix of observation errors determined by the distance r.
- R (r) for example, a value obtained by multiplying a constant in a 2 ⁇ 2 matrix having the square of r as a diagonal component can be used.
- the Kalman filter calculates the moving state x ⁇ and its error covariance matrix P ⁇ at time t0 as Predict using formulas (prediction procedure). Furthermore, when the position information z and its error radius information r at time t0 are obtained, the moving state and its error covariance matrix at time t0 can be estimated by the following equation (update procedure). When the position of the mobile station 10 is notified from the movement management device 30 to the movement prediction device 40, the Kalman filter is updated as follows for the movement state update.
- the time difference ⁇ t from the previous position notification is calculated.
- a procedure for predicting the movement state after ⁇ t from the time of the previous position notification (that is, the current time) is performed.
- a moving state update procedure is performed using the current observation position z and the observation error radius r included in the position notification.
- the update procedure is performed with the position of the base station 20 (or the center position of the cell) identified by the base station identifier as the observation position and the radius of the cover area as r.
- the position notification includes coordinate information and a measurement error radius
- the coordinate information may be updated with the observation position z and the measurement error radius r.
- the movement prediction device 40 receives the position notification related to the mobile station 10 at time t0 and updates the latest movement state. That is, the movement prediction apparatus 40 holds the state update time t0, the movement state x ⁇ , and the error covariance matrix P ⁇ for each mobile station 10.
- the movement prediction device 40 that has received the movement request predicts the variance-covariance matrix P ⁇ of the estimation state after the preset time difference s and its error x ⁇ using the Kalman filter prediction procedure.
- the base station list creation means creates a base station list from x ⁇ , P ⁇ , x ⁇ , P ⁇ .
- the estimated position y ⁇ at time t0 and its error covariance matrix S ⁇ and the estimated position y ⁇ at time t0 + s and its error covariance matrix S ⁇ are calculated by the following equations.
- the set of (y ⁇ , S ⁇ ) is the estimated position of the mobile station 10 and its estimation error at time t0
- the set of (y ⁇ , S ⁇ ) is the predicted position of the mobile station 10 and its prediction error at time t0 + s.
- the p_curr1% confidence interval of the estimated position and the p_pred% confidence interval of the predicted position are ellipses O_curr and O_pred on the latitude and longitude coordinates, respectively.
- a base station that is likely to be located is determined using the ellipse O_curr and the ellipse O_pred.
- a base station that is included in an area composed of ellipses O_curr and O_pred and a common outer tangent of two ellipses or that is installed in a crossing cell can be located.
- a highly reliable base station when there is no common outer tangent, a base station corresponding to a cell included in or intersecting with O_pred is used.
- the movement prediction device 40 transmits to the movement management device 30 an identifier list of base stations that are likely to be in the area.
- the target base station number B is determined, and the time difference s and the reliability interval parameters p_curr1 and p_pred are dynamically selected so that the number of base stations does not exceed B (or close to B). You may create it. Further, instead of the common outer tangent of the ellipse, the envelope of the ellipse O_pred when the time difference is moved in the range of 0 to s may be used. As shown in FIG. 5, as a result, the base station list is created so that more base stations are included in the mobile station's movement prediction direction than in the direction opposite to the movement prediction direction. .
- the same procedure as the movement prediction is performed. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the ellipse O_curr obtained as the p_curr2% confidence interval of the two-dimensional normal distribution represented by (y ⁇ , S ⁇ ) and the p_est% of the two-dimensional normal distribution represented by (y ⁇ , S ⁇ )
- a base station list made up of base stations installed in a cell having an ellipse O_est obtained as a confidence interval and a common outer tangent line or having a common area is created and transmitted to the mobility management device 30 To do.
- p_curr2 and p_est may be larger than p_curr1 and p_pred.
- a base station list composed of base stations included in a cell included in an ellipse O_est or having a common area may be simply used.
- the configuration using the Kalman filter for the movement prediction / position estimation has been described.
- the movement prediction means is not limited to this, and the predicted value of the position of the mobile station at a certain time and its error based on the past position information.
- the moving state estimation means can calculate the covariance matrix, not only the Kalman filter but also other methods may be used.
- other prediction means such as a Kalman filter derivative filter or a particle filter may be used.
- the position registration area and the paging area are determined by performing the movement prediction / position estimation of the mobile station according to the moving state including the moving speed and moving direction of the mobile station.
- the base station list is created so that more base stations are included in the mobile station movement prediction direction than in the direction opposite to the movement prediction direction. That is, it is possible to determine the position registration area and the paging area in consideration of the moving direction of the mobile station. For this reason, even when the number of cells included in the location registration area is set to the same level as the related method, the location registration interval becomes longer, and the number of location registration signals can be reduced. Furthermore, it is possible to reduce paging processing for a base station in the opposite direction to movement.
- the purpose of this embodiment is to improve the accuracy of movement prediction in the mobile communication system in the first embodiment.
- the operations of the base station and the mobility management device are different from the operations in the first embodiment.
- the reference numbers different from those in the first embodiment, the base station 20A, and the mobility management device 30A are used for distinction.
- the base station 20A in the present embodiment is different from the operation of the base station 20 in the first embodiment in that a location notification trigger is transmitted to the mobility management device 30A.
- the location notification trigger is transmitted from the base station 20A to the mobility management device 30A when it is determined that the mobile station 10 is in the base station 20A.
- the position notification trigger may be used by explicitly defining a new message, or may use an existing message transmitted and received in the mobile communication system.
- the existing message includes, for example, a signaling sequence performed for the mobile station 10 to establish / disconnect a communication path to / from the core network, and signaling performed at the time of handover when the mobile station 10 moves between base stations.
- a message transmitted from the base station 20A included in the sequence to the mobility management device 30A can be used.
- S1-AP in Service Request Procedure Initial Context Setup Complete (control protocol name for communication between core network and base station in LTE system), S1-AP in S1 Release Procedure: S1 UE Status Release Complete, Path Switch Request in X2 based handover may be used. It is important that the position notification trigger can be determined by the base station corresponding to the cell in which the mobile station is located, and the application of the present invention is not limited to these messages.
- the mobility management device 30A in the present embodiment receives a location notification trigger from the base station 20A and notifies the mobility prediction device 40A of location information.
- the update of the movement state in the movement prediction apparatus is triggered by a mobile station location registration request.
- processing other than location registration also triggers movement state update.
- FIG. 6 is a sequence diagram showing an example of the movement state update operation in the present embodiment.
- the base station 20A transmits a location notification trigger to the mobility management device 30A (S31).
- the mobility management device 40A that has received the location notification trigger performs location information notification including the identifiers of the target mobile station 10 and the base station 20A (S32). This is a process equivalent to S12 in the first embodiment.
- the movement prediction apparatus 40A that has received the position information notification updates the movement state in the same manner as S13 in the first embodiment (S33).
- the present embodiment can update the movement state by using the in-zone cell information of the mobile station obtained at timing such as establishment of a communication path or handover. That is, the movement status can be updated more frequently than in the first embodiment using only the location registration process, and the movement prediction of the mobile station with higher accuracy is possible. Thereby, it is possible to determine the location registration area and the paging area with high accuracy, and as a result, it is possible to reduce the signaling cost.
- the present embodiment aims to improve the movement prediction accuracy.
- the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that movement prediction is performed using a plurality of movement models, and the configuration and operation of the movement prediction apparatus are different from the first embodiment. In this embodiment, it distinguishes using the code
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the movement prediction apparatus 40B in the present embodiment.
- KFi is a Kalman filter that performs movement prediction / estimation of the movement model Mi defined by Fi ( ⁇ t), Qi ( ⁇ t), Hi, and Ri (r).
- the movement model Mi represents a plurality of different movement models. For example, a stop model, a random walk model, a constant velocity linear movement model, or the like is used. Also, by preparing a plurality of models in which the component of Qi ( ⁇ t) is changed even with the same movement model, it is possible to define movement models having different magnitudes of speed changes.
- the mobile station 10 is regarded as operating according to one of a plurality of mobile models at a certain time, and the mobile station 10 according to the mobile model Mi has a transition probability ⁇ ( ⁇ t) after the time difference ⁇ t. ij is considered to transition to the movement model Mj.
- the movement state estimation means KFi43B corresponding to the movement model Mi is updated by the position information notification at time t0, the movement state xi ⁇ , the error covariance matrix Pi ⁇ and the state at time t0- ⁇ t are estimated, and the weight is It is calculated as ⁇ i ⁇ .
- the prediction / update procedure for each Kalman filter KFi at time t0 is performed according to the following procedure.
- the input determination unit 45B determines the weight ⁇ i ⁇ , the movement state xi ⁇ , and the error covariance matrix Pi ⁇ of the movement state corresponding to a plurality of movement models using the following equations.
- Fi ( ⁇ t), Qi ( ⁇ t), and H in Equations 5 and 6 are parameters of the movement model corresponding to F ( ⁇ t) and Q ( ⁇ t) in Equation 1, and are used to distinguish a plurality of models. With a subscript i.
- mnvpdf (z, S) represents a probability density function of a multivariate normal distribution with mean z and variance S.
- the estimated state determination unit 46B integrates the movement state xi ⁇ estimated by KFi and the error covariance matrix Pi ⁇ , and uses either Equation 8 or Equation 9 to determine the final movement state x ⁇ and the error covariance.
- the variance matrix P ⁇ is determined.
- the prediction state determination unit 47B integrates the movement state xi ⁇ estimated by KFi and the error covariance matrix Pi ⁇ , and uses either Equation 10 or Equation 11 to obtain the final movement state x ⁇ . Then, an error covariance matrix P ⁇ is determined.
- the base station list generation means 44 in the present embodiment generates a base station list by the same processing as in the first embodiment using x ⁇ , P ⁇ , x ⁇ , P ⁇ .
- This embodiment prepares a plurality of movement models, considers transitions between them, and weights the movement model suitable for the movement of the mobile station 10 to perform movement prediction / position estimation. Therefore, it is possible to perform movement prediction / position estimation according to changes in movement modes among various movement modes such as stop, walking, and car.
- the location registration area and the paging area can be determined with high accuracy, and as a result, the signaling cost can be reduced.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
- the LTE system is shown as a specific example in the above embodiment.
- the present invention may also be applied to other wireless communication systems, for example, communication systems related to fourth generation or higher communication standards (eg LTE-Advanced, IMT-Advanced, WiMAX2).
- the processing in the movement prediction device 40 and the movement management device 30 can be realized by causing a computer to execute a program.
- the present invention has been described as a hardware configuration, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the present invention can also realize arbitrary processing by causing a CPU (Central Processing Unit) to execute a computer program.
- the above-described program can be stored using various types of non-transitory computer readable media and supplied to a computer.
- Non-transitory computer readable media include various types of tangible storage media.
- non-transitory computer-readable media examples include magnetic recording media (eg, flexible disks, magnetic tapes, hard disk drives), magneto-optical recording media (eg, magneto-optical disks), CD-ROM (Read Only Memory) CD-R, CD -R / W, including semiconductor memory (for example, mask ROM, PROM (Programmable ROM), EPROM (Erasable PROM), flash ROM, RAM (Random Access Memory)).
- the program may be supplied to the computer by various types of temporary computer readable media. Examples of transitory computer readable media include electrical signals, optical signals, and electromagnetic waves.
- the temporary computer-readable medium can supply the program to the computer via a wired communication path such as an electric wire and an optical fiber, or a wireless communication path.
- a mobile prediction device that predicts the movement state of a mobile station and creates a base station list that is likely to be located in the mobile station based on the prediction result in order to determine a paging area, Calculate an estimated position at a predetermined time and a predicted position after movement at a time after the predetermined time, and use the estimated position and the predicted position to determine the vicinity of the route from the estimated position to the predicted position in another region.
- the mobile prediction apparatus that creates the base station list as a mobile station having a higher possibility of being in the service area.
- (Appendix 2) The mobile prediction device according to supplementary note 1, wherein the base station list is created so that the base station list includes more base stations than the mobile prediction direction with respect to the mobile prediction direction of the mobile station.
- (Appendix 3) The estimated position of the mobile station and the predicted position are elliptical areas, and are included in an area included in an envelope obtained by elapse of time from the elliptical area represented by the estimated position to the elliptical area represented by the predicted position, The movement prediction apparatus according to appendix 1 or 2, wherein the base station list in the paging area is generated from a base station that covers the intersecting cells.
- (Appendix 4) Provided with a plurality of movement state estimation means corresponding to a plurality of movement models, The plurality of movement state estimation means estimates the likelihood of movement prediction of the mobile station based on the position information of the mobile station, and uses one of the estimated position and the predicted position of the plurality of movement models. Or the movement prediction apparatus as described in 2.
- (Appendix 5) Provided with a plurality of movement state estimation means corresponding to a plurality of movement models, The plurality of movement state estimation means are calculated based on the weighted average of the estimated positions calculated based on the plurality of movement models and the plurality of movement state estimation means, with the likelihood of movement prediction as a weight.
- the movement prediction apparatus Generating the base station list using a weighted average of the predicted positions as an estimated position and a predicted position, respectively.
- the movement prediction apparatus according to addition 1 or 2. (Appendix 6) A mobile prediction device that predicts the mobile state of a mobile station and creates a base station list that is likely to be in the area of the mobile station based on the prediction result; A mobility management device that determines a paging area based on a base station list created by the mobility prediction device, The movement prediction device calculates an estimated position at a predetermined time and a predicted position after movement at a time after the predetermined time, and uses the estimated position and the predicted position to route from the estimated position in the previous period to the predicted position.
- a mobile communication system that creates the base station list on the assumption that the mobile station is more likely to be in the vicinity than other areas.
- Appendix 7 The movement according to appendix 6, wherein the movement prediction device creates the base station list so that more base stations are included in the movement prediction direction of the mobile station than in a direction opposite to the movement prediction direction. Communications system.
- the estimated position of the mobile station and the predicted position estimated by the movement prediction device are elliptical areas, and the envelope obtained by the passage of time from the elliptical area represented by the estimated position to the elliptical area represented by the predicted position
- the mobile communication system according to appendix 6 or 7, wherein the base station list of the paging area is generated from base stations that are included in the included area and cover cells that intersect.
- the movement prediction device includes a plurality of movement state estimation means corresponding to a plurality of movement models, The plurality of movement state estimation means estimates the likelihood of movement prediction of the mobile station based on the position information of the mobile station, and uses one of the estimated position and the predicted position of the plurality of movement models.
- the movement prediction device includes a plurality of movement state estimation means corresponding to a plurality of movement models, The plurality of movement state estimation means are calculated based on the weighted average of the estimated positions calculated based on the plurality of movement models and the plurality of movement state estimation means, with the likelihood of movement prediction as a weight. Generating the base station list using a weighted average of the predicted positions as an estimated position and a predicted position, respectively.
- (Appendix 11) A method for determining a paging area, Calculating an estimated position at a predetermined time and a predicted position after movement at a time after the predetermined time; Using the estimated position and the predicted position, the vicinity of the route from the previous estimated position to the predicted position is likely to be located in the mobile station, assuming that the mobile station is likely to be located in other areas. Creating the base station list having a high probability; A method for determining a paging area, comprising: determining a paging area based on the base station list. (Appendix 12) In the step of creating the base station list, the base station list is created such that the base station list includes more base stations than the direction opposite to the movement prediction direction with respect to the movement prediction direction of the mobile station.
- the paging area determination method according to attachment 11. (Appendix 13)
- the estimated position and the predicted position of the mobile station are elliptical areas, and are obtained by elapse of time from the elliptical area represented by the estimated position to the elliptical area represented by the predicted position.
- the paging area determination method according to attachment 11 or 12 wherein the base station list of the paging area is generated from a base station included in an area included in an envelope and covering cells that intersect each other.
- the likelihood of movement prediction of the mobile station is estimated based on the position information of the mobile station for each of the plurality of movement models, The method for determining a paging area according to appendix 11 or 12, wherein the one estimated position and the predicted position are used.
- the weighted average of the estimated positions calculated based on the plurality of movement models, using the likelihood of movement prediction as a weight, and the plurality of movement state estimation means A weighted average of the predicted positions calculated based on the estimated position and the predicted position, respectively.
- a method for determining a paging area according to appendix 11 or 12.
- Appendix 16 A non-transitory computer readable medium for creating a base station list for determining a paging area, Calculating an estimated position at a predetermined time and a predicted position after movement at a time after the predetermined time; Using the estimated position and the predicted position, the vicinity of the route from the previous estimated position to the predicted position is likely to be located in the mobile station, assuming that the mobile station is likely to be located in other areas.
- a non-transitory computer-readable medium for determining a paging area which causes a computer to execute the step of creating the base station list having high characteristics.
- the base station list is created such that the base station list includes more base stations than the direction opposite to the movement prediction direction with respect to the movement prediction direction of the mobile station.
- the non-transitory computer-readable medium for determining a paging area according to appendix 16.
Abstract
Description
本発明は、移動局の移動管理におけるシグナリングに要するコストを削減することが可能な移動通信システム、移動予測装置及びページングエリアの決定方法を提供することを目的としている。
<実施の形態1>
[構成の説明]
図1は、本発明における移動通信システムの構成の一例を示すブロック図である。図1の様に、本実施形態における移動通信システムは、複数の移動局10と、複数の基地局20と、移動管理装置30と、移動予測装置40と、ゲートウェイ50とを備える。
次に、本発明の実施形態において実行される処理動作について詳細に説明する。
(位置登録)
図3は、本実施形態における位置登録処理の動作の一例を示すシーケンス図である。移動局10は、自局が位置登録エリア外のセルに在圏することを検出すると、位置登録要求を移動管理装置30に送信する。位置登録要求は移動局10が在圏する基地局20を経由して移動管理装置30に到達する(S11)。位置登録要求には、移動局及び基地局を識別する情報の他、GPS(Global Positioning System)などの手段で得られる移動局10の緯度経度からなる座標情報と測定精度を含んでもよい。
図4は、本実施形態におけるページング処理における動作の一例を示すシーケンス図である。外部ネットワークから待ち受け状態の移動局10に対する着信データがゲートウェイ50に到着した場合、ゲートウェイ50と移動局10間の通信路が確立されていない。そのため、ゲートウェイ50は、ページングをトリガするため位置管理装置30に対して移動局10宛のデータが着信したことを通知する(S21)。
移動予測装置40における移動状態推定手段43での移動予測および位置推定には、カルマンフィルタを利用することができる。カルマンフィルタは、時間変化するシステムの、誤差を含む離散的な観測から現在の状態を推定する手法である。また、カルマンフィルタは、モデルによって予測された変数の値と、実際に観測された数値の加重平均をとることによって、変数の最も確からしい値を推定することができる。そして、カルマンフィルタを用いると、観測データからシステムに対してフィードバック制御が可能となる。以下、カルマンフィルタを利用した場合の移動予測・位置推定の動作について説明する。なお、カルマンフィルタの適用において、移動局10の移動は次の線形式でモデル化されるものとする。
さらに、時刻t0における位置情報zとその誤差半径情報rを得られた場合、次式によって、時刻t0の移動状態とその誤差共分散行列を推定できる(更新手続き)。
移動予測装置40に、移動管理装置30から移動局10の位置通知が行われると、移動状態更新として次のようにカルマンフィルタの更新を行う。
本実施の形態は、実施形態1における移動通信システムでの移動予測精度を向上することを目的としている。本実施形態における移動通信システムは、基地局および移動管理装置の動作が実施形態1の動作と異なる。本実施形態においては、実施形態1とは異なる符号、基地局20Aおよび移動管理装置30Aを用いて区別する。本実施形態における基地局20Aは、実施形態1における基地局20の動作に加え、移動管理装置30Aに対して、位置通知トリガを送信する点が異なる。
本実施形態は、実施形態2と同様、移動予測精度の向上を目的としている。本実施形態は、複数の移動モデルを用いて移動予測を行う点が実施形態1と異なり、移動予測装置の構成・動作が実施形態1と異なる。本実施形態においては、実施形態1とは異なる符号、移動予測装置40Bを用いて区別する。
前記移動予測装置40や移動管理装置30における処理は、コンピュータに対してプログラムを実行させることにより実現することが可能である。
(付記1)
移動局の移動状態を予測して、その予測結果に基づいて移動局の在圏する可能性が高い基地局リストを、ページングエリアを決定するために作成する移動予測装置であって、
所定時刻における推定位置と、所定時刻以降の時刻における移動後の予測位置を計算し、前記推定位置と、前記予測位置を用いて、前期推定位置から前記予測位置までの経路近傍を、他の領域よりも前記移動局の在圏する可能性が高いものとして、前記基地局リストを作成する移動予測装置。
(付記2)
前記移動局の移動予測方向に対して、当該移動予測方向とは反対の方向よりも多くの基地局が含まれるように、前記基地局リストを作成する付記1記載の移動予測装置。
(付記3)
前記移動局の前記推定位置、および前記予測位置は楕円領域であり、前記推定位置が表わす楕円領域から前記予測位置が表わす楕円領域への時間経過により得られる包絡線に含まれる領域に含まれ、及び交差するセルをカバーする基地局からページングエリアの前記基地局リストを生成する付記1又は2に記載の移動予測装置。
(付記4)
複数の移動モデルに対応した複数の移動状態推定手段を備え、
前記複数の移動状態推定手段は、移動局の移動予測の尤もらしさを移動局の位置情報に基づいて推定し、前記複数の移動モデルのうち1つの前記推定位置および前記予測位置を利用する付記1又は2に記載に移動予測装置。
(付記5)
複数の移動モデルに対応した複数の移動状態推定手段を備え、
前記複数の移動状態推定手段は、移動予測の尤もらしさを重みとして、前記複数の移動モデルに基づいて計算される前記推定位置の加重平均と、前記複数の移動状態推定手段に基づいて計算される前記予測位置の加重平均をそれぞれ推定位置と予測位置として前記基地局リストを生成する、
付記1又は2に記載に移動予測装置。
(付記6)
移動局の移動状態を予測して、その予測結果に基づいて移動局の在圏する可能性が高い基地局リストを作成する移動予測装置と、
前記移動予測装置が作成した基地局リストに基づいてページングエリアを決定する移動管理装置を備え、
前記移動予測装置は、所定時刻における推定位置と、所定時刻以降の時刻における移動後の予測位置を計算し、前記推定位置と、前記予測位置を用いて、前期推定位置から前記予測位置までの経路近傍を、他の領域よりも前記移動局の在圏する可能性が高いものとして、前記基地局リストを作成する移動通信システム。
(付記7)
前記移動予測装置は、前記移動局の移動予測方向に対して、当該移動予測方向とは反対の方向よりも多くの基地局が含まれるように、前記基地局リストを作成する付記6記載の移動通信システム。
(付記8)
前記移動予測装置が推定する、移動局の前記推定位置、および前記予測位置は楕円領域であり、前記推定位置が表わす楕円領域から前記予測位置が表わす楕円領域への時間経過により得られる包絡線に含まれる領域に含まれ、及び交差するセルをカバーする基地局からページングエリアの前記基地局リストを生成する付記6又は7に記載の移動通信システム。
(付記9)
前記移動予測装置は、複数の移動モデルに対応した複数の移動状態推定手段を備え、
前記複数の移動状態推定手段は、移動局の移動予測の尤もらしさを移動局の位置情報に基づいて推定し、前記複数の移動モデルのうち1つの前記推定位置および前記予測位置を利用する付記6又は7に記載に移動通信システム。
(付記10)
前記移動予測装置は、複数の移動モデルに対応した複数の移動状態推定手段を備え、
前記複数の移動状態推定手段は、移動予測の尤もらしさを重みとして、前記複数の移動モデルに基づいて計算される前記推定位置の加重平均と、前記複数の移動状態推定手段に基づいて計算される前記予測位置の加重平均をそれぞれ推定位置と予測位置として前記基地局リストを生成する、
付記6又は7に記載に移動通信システム。
(付記11)
ページングエリアの決定方法であって、
所定時刻における推定位置と、所定時刻以降の時刻における移動後の予測位置を計算するステップと、
前記推定位置と前記予測位置を用いて、前期推定位置から前記予測位置までの経路近傍を、他の領域よりも前記移動局の在圏する可能性が高いものとして、移動局の在圏する可能性が高い前記基地局リストを作成するステップと、
前記基地局リストに基づいてページングエリアを決定するステップを備えた、ページングエリアの決定方法。
(付記12)
前記基地局リストの作成するステップでは、前記移動局の移動予測方向に対して、当該移動予測方向とは反対の方向よりも多くの基地局が含まれるように、前記基地局リストを作成する、付記11記載のページングエリアの決定方法。
(付記13)
前記基地局リストの作成するステップでは、前記移動局の前記推定位置、および前記予測位置は楕円領域であり、前記推定位置が表わす楕円領域から前記予測位置が表わす楕円領域への時間経過により得られる包絡線に含まれる領域に含まれ、及び交差するセルをカバーする基地局からページングエリアの前記基地局リストを生成する付記11又は12に記載のページングエリアの決定方法。
(付記14)
前記移動局の推定位置と予測位置を計算するステップでは、複数の移動モデルのそれぞれについて、移動局の移動予測の尤もらしさを移動局の位置情報に基づいて推定し、前記複数の移動モデルのうち1つの前記推定位置および前記予測位置を利用する付記11又は12に記載にページングエリアの決定方法。
(付記15)
前記移動局の推定位置と予測位置を計算するステップでは、移動予測の尤もらしさを重みとして、前記複数の移動モデルに基づいて計算される前記推定位置の加重平均と、前記複数の移動状態推定手段に基づいて計算される前記予測位置の加重平均をそれぞれ推定位置と予測位置とする、
付記11又は12に記載にページングエリアの決定方法。
(付記16)
ページングエリアを決定するための基地局リスト作成非一時的なコンピュータ可読媒体であって、
所定時刻における推定位置と、所定時刻以降の時刻における移動後の予測位置を計算するステップと、
前記推定位置と前記予測位置を用いて、前期推定位置から前記予測位置までの経路近傍を、他の領域よりも前記移動局の在圏する可能性が高いものとして、移動局の在圏する可能性が高い前記基地局リストを作成するステップとをコンピュータに実行させる、ページングエリアの決定処理非一時的なコンピュータ可読媒体。
(付記17)
前記基地局リストの作成するステップでは、前記移動局の移動予測方向に対して、当該移動予測方向とは反対の方向よりも多くの基地局が含まれるように、前記基地局リストを作成する、付記16記載のページングエリアの決定処理非一時的なコンピュータ可読媒体。
20 基地局
20A 基地局
30 移動管理装置
30A 移動管理装置
40 移動予測装置
40A 移動予測装置
40B 移動予測装置
41 位置情報変換手段
41B 位置情報変換手段
42 基地局情報記憶部
42B 基地局情報記憶部
43 移動状態推定手段
43B 移動状態推定手段
44 基地局リスト生成手段
44B 基地局リスト生成手段
45B 入力決定手段
46B 推定状態決定手段
47B 予測状態決定手段
50 ゲートウェイ
100 移動通信システム
Claims (10)
- 移動局の所定時刻における推定位置と、所定時刻以降の時刻における移動後の予測位置を計算し、前記推定位置と、前記予測位置を用いて、前期推定位置から前記予測位置までの経路近傍を、他の領域よりも前記移動局の在圏する可能性が高いものとして、基地局リストを作成する移動予測装置。
- 前記移動局の移動予測方向に対して、当該移動予測方向とは反対の方向よりも多くの基地局が含まれるように、前記基地局リストを作成する請求項1記載の移動予測装置。
- 前記移動局の前記推定位置、および前記予測位置は楕円領域であり、前記推定位置が表わす楕円領域から前記予測位置が表わす楕円領域への時間経過により得られる包絡線に含まれる領域に含まれ、及び交差するセルをカバーする基地局からページングエリアの前記基地局リストを生成する請求項1又は2に記載の移動予測装置。
- 複数の移動モデルに対応した複数の移動状態推定手段を備え、
前記複数の移動状態推定手段は、移動局の移動予測の尤もらしさを移動局の位置情報に基づいて推定し、前記複数の移動モデルのうち1つの前記推定位置および前記予測位置を利用する請求項1又は2に記載に移動予測装置。 - 複数の移動モデルに対応した複数の移動状態推定手段を備え、
前記複数の移動状態推定手段は、移動予測の尤もらしさを重みとして、前記複数の移動モデルに基づいて計算される前記推定位置の加重平均と、前記複数の移動状態推定手段に基づいて計算される前記予測位置の加重平均をそれぞれ推定位置と予測位置として前記基地局リストを生成する、
請求項1又は2に記載に移動予測装置。 - 移動局の移動状態を予測して、その予測結果に基づいて移動局の在圏する可能性が高い基地局リストを作成する移動予測装置と、
前記移動予測装置が作成した基地局リストに基づいてページングエリアを決定する移動管理装置を備え、
前記移動予測装置は、所定時刻における推定位置と、所定時刻以降の時刻における移動後の予測位置を計算し、前記推定位置と、前記予測位置を用いて、前期推定位置から前記予測位置までの経路近傍を、他の領域よりも前記移動局の在圏する可能性が高いものとして、前記基地局リストを作成する移動通信システム。 - 前記移動予測装置は、前記移動局の移動予測方向に対して、当該移動予測方向とは反対の方向よりも多くの基地局が含まれるように、前記基地局リストを作成する請求項6記載の移動通信システム。
- 前記移動予測装置が推定する、移動局の前記推定位置、および前記予測位置は楕円領域であり、前記推定位置が表わす楕円領域から前記予測位置が表わす楕円領域への時間経過により得られる包絡線に含まれる領域に含まれ、及び交差するセルをカバーする基地局からページングエリアの前記基地局リストを生成する請求項6又は7に記載の移動通信システム。
- 移動局の所定時刻における推定位置と、所定時刻以降の時刻における移動後の予測位置を計算するステップと、
前記推定位置と前記予測位置を用いて、前期推定位置から前記予測位置までの経路近傍を、他の領域よりも前記移動局の在圏する可能性が高いものとして、移動局の在圏する可能性が高い基地局リストを作成するステップと、
前記基地局リストに基づいてページングエリアを決定するステップを備えた、ページングエリアの決定方法。 - 前記基地局リストの作成するステップでは、前記移動局の移動予測方向に対して、当該移動予測方向とは反対の方向よりも多くの基地局が含まれるように、前記基地局リストを作成する、請求項9記載のページングエリアの決定方法。
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