WO2014041633A1 - 排泄物処理材、排泄物処理材の製造方法及びその製造装置 - Google Patents
排泄物処理材、排泄物処理材の製造方法及びその製造装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014041633A1 WO2014041633A1 PCT/JP2012/073325 JP2012073325W WO2014041633A1 WO 2014041633 A1 WO2014041633 A1 WO 2014041633A1 JP 2012073325 W JP2012073325 W JP 2012073325W WO 2014041633 A1 WO2014041633 A1 WO 2014041633A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- excrement disposal
- fiber
- quality
- paper making
- disposal material
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002761 deinking Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 90
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 32
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002803 maceration Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000002879 macerating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 42
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 36
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 36
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 5
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 0 C*1C2=CCCC12 Chemical compound C*1C2=CCCC12 0.000 description 1
- WPHGSKGZRAQSGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1C2C1CCCC2 Chemical compound C1C2C1CCCC2 WPHGSKGZRAQSGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000797 Hibiscus cannabinus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000968082 Linta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
- D21B1/06—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by dry methods
- D21B1/08—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by dry methods the raw material being waste paper; the raw material being rags
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0155—Litter comprising organic material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an excrement disposal material, a method for producing the excrement disposal material, and an apparatus for manufacturing the excrement disposal material, and in particular, excrement disposal produced from high-quality fiber material suitable for paper making using a pulpable raw material.
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a material and excrement disposal material and a manufacturing apparatus therefor.
- excrement disposal materials used for the excrement of pets such as cats and dogs bred in homes and excrement such as simple toilets for disasters.
- excrement disposal materials containing paper powder, wood powder, tea husk, coffee residue after discharge, water-absorbing polymer, and the like have been proposed.
- corrugated cardboard paper is subdivided into plate-like paper pieces, and the excretion for pets having a structure in which the surface of the subdivided plate-like paper pieces is coated with a water-absorbing agent such as starch or water-absorbing polymer.
- a material treatment material is disclosed.
- the excrement disposal material disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a problem that a water absorbing agent is required as a material for supplementing the water absorption and water retention properties of the corrugated base paper, and a water absorbing polymer is used as the water absorbing agent.
- a water absorbing agent is required as a material for supplementing the water absorption and water retention properties of the corrugated base paper
- a water absorbing polymer is used as the water absorbing agent.
- the excrement disposal material disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 uses a corrugated cardboard formed in a plate shape as a raw material, and the corrugated cardboard is subdivided and used. There is.
- the corrugated cardboard is a material completed for the purpose of use as a packaging material or the like, there is a problem of wasting resources when used as a raw material for excrement disposal materials.
- the object of the present invention is to use a raw material that can be pulped, the material can be produced from a high-quality fiber material suitable for papermaking, and does not require a water absorbing agent as a material for supplementing water absorption and water retention. There is no wasteful process for manufacturing, it can be manufactured easily and inexpensively, resources can be used effectively, and it has good solubility and can be easily discarded by draining into sewage.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an excrement disposal material, a method for producing the excrement disposal material, and an apparatus for producing the excrement disposal material which are gentle and have good water absorption and can be reduced in weight.
- This invention is a fiber product obtained by disaggregating and dewatering a pulpable raw material, and forming a high-quality fiber material suitable for paper making to form an excrement disposal material having a predetermined shape. It is characterized by that.
- the excrement disposal material of the present invention can be manufactured from a high-quality fiber material suitable for paper making using a pulpable raw material, and does not require a water absorbent as a material for supplementing water absorption and water retention. There is no wasteful process in manufacturing, it can be manufactured easily and inexpensively, resources can be used effectively, and it can be easily discarded by draining it into sewage with good solubility. It is gentle to the water and has good water absorption and can be reduced in weight.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a waste disposal material.
- FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram of a manufacturing apparatus for excrement disposal materials.
- FIG. 3 is a side view of a short cylindrical excrement disposal material.
- FIG. 4 is a side view of a curved short cylindrical excrement disposal material.
- FIG. 5 is a side view of a spherical excrement disposal material.
- FIG. 6 is a side view of the excrement disposal material in which a depression is formed on a spherical surface.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a waste disposal material.
- FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram of a manufacturing apparatus for excrement disposal materials.
- FIG. 3 is a side view of a short cylindrical excrement disposal material.
- FIG. 4 is a side view of a curved short cylindrical excrement disposal material.
- FIG. 5 is a side view of a spherical
- FIG. 7 is a side view of the excrement disposal material having protrusions formed on a spherical surface.
- FIG. 8 is a side view of a spindle-shaped excrement disposal material.
- FIG. 9 is a side view of a spherical excrement disposal material having a cavity formed therein.
- FIG. 10A is a plan view of an excrement disposal material having three legs.
- FIG. 10B is a side view of the excrement disposal material having three legs.
- FIG. 11 is a side view of the excrement disposal material formed in a double structure.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view of an excrement disposal material having four legs.
- FIG. 13A is a side view of a preformed fiber article.
- FIG. 13B is a side view of the excrement disposal material that is expanded and formed into a spherical shape having a predetermined size.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart of the forming process of the excrement disposal material of FIG.
- FIG. 15A is a cross-sectional view of a preformed fiber article.
- FIG. 15B is a cross-sectional view of the excrement disposal material with the surface fibers attached to the surface.
- FIG. 16 is a flowchart of the forming process of the excrement disposal material of FIG.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the excrement disposal material whose surface is hardened in FIG. (Example)
- This invention can be manufactured from high-quality fiber material suitable for paper making using raw materials that can be pulped in excrement disposal materials, and requires a water-absorbing agent as a material for supplementing water absorption and water retention. In addition, there is no useless process for manufacturing, it can be manufactured easily and inexpensively, it can be used efficiently, and it can be easily discarded by draining it into sewage, The environmentally friendly, water-absorbing and light-weight objectives are realized using high-quality fiber materials that are pulpable raw materials and are suitable for making paper.
- the manufacturing apparatus 1 of the excrement disposal material F includes a disaggregator 2, a deinking machine 3, a dehydrator 4, a bleaching machine 5, a classifier 6, and a molding machine 7.
- the excrement disposal material F is manufactured using raw materials that can be pulped.
- used paper A is used as a raw material that can be pulped.
- pulp itself can also be used without using waste paper.
- the disaggregator 2 includes stirring blades and the like, and water is added to the used paper A as a raw material capable of being pulped, and the used paper A is decomposed to generate a melt B.
- the deinking machine 3 removes ink from the melt B generated by the disaggregating machine 2.
- the dehydrator 4 dehydrates the melt B deinked by the deinking machine 3 to generate a fiber material C.
- the bleaching machine 5 bleaches the fiber product C produced by the dehydrator 4.
- the classifier 6 is a fiber material (also referred to as “pulp”) C bleached by the bleaching device 5, a high-quality fiber material (also referred to as “wet” or “pulpa”) D suitable for paper making, and a material Classification into defective fiber material (also referred to as “sludge”) E, which is not suitable for papermaking.
- the molding machine 7 forms a high-quality fiber material D in which the material classified by the classifier 6 is suitable for making paper, and forms the excrement disposal material F having a predetermined shape.
- a fiber material C including fibers having various thicknesses and lengths is generated.
- fibers are entangled and thinly formed, so that thick and / or long fibers are suitable.
- thin fibers and / or short fibers are usually discarded because they are not suitable for making paper because the fibers are not easily entangled.
- the fiber material C is composed of a high-quality fiber material D suitable for paper making made of thick and / or long fibers and a defective fiber unsuitable for paper making made of thin and / or short fibers.
- An object E is included.
- the fiber C containing fibers of different materials using the filter, the fiber C containing fibers of different materials, the high quality fiber D suitable for paper making, and the poor fiber material not suitable for paper making.
- Classify with E In the classification of this embodiment, for example, a filter having a slit width (size) of 0.15 mm is used, and a high-quality fiber material D having a fiber thickness larger than 0.15 mm remaining on the filter is used. The fiber thickness that has passed through is classified into defective fiber products E smaller than 0.15 mm. Note that this figure tends to be used relatively frequently. Therefore, the numerical value of the fiber thickness in this Example is an example, and is not limited to this numerical value.
- the manufacturing method of the excrement disposal material F is demonstrated.
- waste paper A as a raw material capable of being pulped is prepared, and then a disaggregation process, a deinking process, a dehydrating process, and a bleaching process.
- the excrement disposal material F is manufactured by the process, the classification process, and the molding process.
- pulp itself can also be prepared as a raw material which can be pulped.
- step S1 the used paper A as a raw material is prepared, and foreign substances are removed from the used paper A.
- step S2 water and necessary chemicals (sodium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide, sodium silicate, etc.) are added to the waste paper A and placed in the disaggregator 2, and stirred by the rotational force of the stirring blades rotating at high speed. Then, the waste paper A is mixed with water or the like to loosen the fibers, thereby producing a melt B (step S3).
- the beating used for paper making is not performed. This keeps the fibers soft without compressing them. That is, the fibers themselves are not compressed, and the fibers entangled with each other are not compressed. Thereby, when the excrement disposal material F is formed, the internal porosity can be increased and the water absorption can be improved. In this step S3, the loose fibers may be beaten as necessary.
- the dissolved material B generated in the disaggregation step (step S2) is removed using the deinking machine 3 with bubbles.
- a deinking agent chemical
- a deinking agent is added to the deinking machine 3 to swell the dissolved material B, so that the ink is easily decomposed and peeled off from the fiber.
- step S5 the melt B deinked in the deinking process (step S4) is dehydrated by the dehydrator 4 to generate the fiber material C (step S6).
- step S5 most of the moisture in the fiber C is removed, but the fiber C contains some moisture.
- a bleaching agent sodium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, etc.
- a bleaching agent sodium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, etc.
- the fiber C bleached in the bleaching process is processed by the classifier 6 with a high-quality fiber D suitable for paper making and a poor quality material not suitable for paper making.
- Classification into the fiber material E step S9.
- a filter having a slit width (size) of 0.15 mm is used, and a high-quality fiber material D having a fiber thickness greater than 0.15 mm remaining on the filter is filtered.
- the fiber thickness that has passed through is classified into defective fiber products E smaller than 0.15 mm. Note that this figure tends to be used relatively frequently. Therefore, the numerical value of the fiber thickness in this Example is an example, and is not limited to this numerical value.
- the high-quality fiber D in which the material classified by the classifier 6 is suitable for paper making is white compared to the defective fiber E in which the material is not suitable for paper making, has less odor, and the material is It is obtained in a larger amount than the defective fiber material E that is not suitable for papermaking.
- the material classified in the classification step (step S8) is formed with a high-quality fiber D suitable for paper making by the molding machine 7 and dried in a predetermined shape. Is formed.
- the high-quality fiber material D which is suitable for making paper, is formed by, for example, pressing the excrement disposal material F having a predetermined shape with a mold, or by using an extrusion mechanism.
- the excrement disposal material F having a predetermined shape can be formed by extrusion from the hole.
- the excrement disposal material F is formed to have a diameter of about 5 mm and a length of about 5 to 10 mm.
- size of this excrement disposal material F is not limited to said magnitude
- the formed excrement disposal material F is formed to have a diameter of about 5 mm and a length of about 5 to 10 mm, for example, so that the internal porosity is high, the water absorption is good, and the excreta Since the solubility at the time of water absorption is good, the excrement makes it easy to dissolve and adheres to each other and easily agglomerates. Further, since the excrement disposal material F has a high internal porosity, the weight per unit is small and light, and the transportation is easy. Furthermore, the excrement disposal material F is used by being put in a container constituting a toilet for pets, a simple toilet for disaster, or the like. In this case, since the excrement disposal material F is light, it is easy to transport the toilet and the like.
- the excrement disposal material F after use that has been absorbed and agglomerated is easy to disperse fibers and has good solubility, so it does not clog the pipe and flows smoothly. Since it does not require incineration or decomposition, it can reduce environmental impact and is environmentally friendly.
- the disaggregation process, the deinking process, the dehydration process, the bleaching process, and the molding process are performed in this order. It is also possible to change.
- excrement disposal materials F having various properties can be formed.
- the excrement disposal material F1 having a rod shape and a short cylindrical shape can be formed.
- the rod-shaped and short column-shaped excrement disposal material F1 has a simple shape, and thus can be easily manufactured, and can be simple and inexpensive.
- a curved short columnar excrement disposal material F2 can be molded.
- the curved short columnar excrement disposal material F2 is appropriately entangled with each other in the toilet container so that it does not jump out of the container during use of the pet, and the excrement can escape to the bottom of the container. There is no excretion absorption.
- a spherical excrement disposal material F3 can be formed.
- This spherical excrement disposal material F3 can be made unpleasant even if a pet steps on the toilet container for pets, and can make the use of the toilet easier to remember.
- the excrement disposal material F4 in which the depression R is formed on the spherical surface can be formed.
- the excrement disposal material F4 in which the depression R is formed on the surface can easily absorb the excretion due to the increase in surface area.
- the excrement disposal material F5 in which the protrusions P are formed on the spherical surface can be formed.
- the excrement disposal material F5 having the protrusions P formed on the surface can increase the surface area by the protrusions P, make the excrement easy to solidify, and can be bulky to reduce the amount used.
- a spindle-shaped excrement disposal material F6 can be formed.
- This spindle-shaped excrement disposal material F6 allows the excrement disposal materials F6 adjacent in the container of the toilet to be in close contact with each other, and excrement does not come out to the bottom of the container. Can be absorbed well.
- the excrement disposal material F7 having a spherical shape and having a cavity C therein can be formed. Since the excrement disposal material F7 having the cavity C inside is lightened by the cavity C, the excrement disposal material F7 can be easily carried and can absorb excretion satisfactorily.
- a triangular star-shaped excrement disposal material F8 having legs t1 to t3 protruding in three directions in a plan view can be formed.
- the triangular star-shaped excrement disposal material F8 having three legs t1 to t3 can improve the absorbability by increasing the surface area by the legs t1 to t3, and is also entangled with each other when placed in the container. Since it is included, the weight can be reduced with respect to the volume, and carrying can be facilitated.
- a double structure excrement disposal material F9 in which the center side is a high-quality fiber D and the outer periphery side is a defective fiber E can be formed.
- the excrement disposal material F9 having a double structure of the high-quality fiber material D and the poor-quality fiber material E can achieve efficient utilization of resources without wasting raw materials.
- a wave-dissipating block-shaped excrement disposal material F10 having legs t1 to t4 protruding in four directions can be formed.
- the excrement disposal material F10 having four legs t1 to t4 can improve the absorbability by increasing the surface area by the legs t1 to t4, and the legs t1 to t4 are entangled with each other when placed in the container. Since the space is included, the weight can be reduced for the volume, and the carrying can be facilitated.
- the excrement disposal material F11 having a high internal porosity can be formed.
- a high-quality fiber material D is preformed by a mold (step S21), and the preformed good-quality fiber material D is expanded (adjusted under reduced pressure) in a vacuum container. (Step S22).
- This decompression adjustment includes a vacuum state and is performed between the vacuum state and the atmospheric pressure. Moreover, this pressure reduction adjustment can be abrupt or gradual.
- the excrement treatment as a spherical fiber material having a predetermined size is performed by expanding the high quality fiber material D (indicated by (A) in FIG. 13) that is initially formed into a small diameter.
- the pressure in the decompression container is adjusted so that the material F11 (shown in FIG. 13B) is obtained.
- the preformed good quality fiber material D expands to become the excrement disposal material F11 of a predetermined size (shown by (B) in FIG. 13), so that there is a lot of air inside, The internal porosity increases.
- the high-quality fiber D may be heated by heating means as necessary so that the fibers of the small-diameter high-quality fiber D (shown in FIG. 13A) are easily entangled. It is also possible to humidify with a humidifying means so as to supplement moisture. Then, by taking out from the decompression container, the excrement treating agent F11 is formed which is dry without moisture, light, and has good water absorption (step S23).
- the excrement disposal material F12 having a soft outer surface and good water absorption can be formed.
- the excrement disposal material F12 preliminarily molds the high-quality fiber D with a mold (step S31), and applies an adhesive to the surface of the pre-molded high-quality fiber D (step S32).
- the surface fiber k is attached to the surface of the high-quality fiber material D to form the soft layer N (step S33).
- the surface fiber k that forms the soft layer N is, for example, a high-quality fiber D and / or a defective fiber E, which is a loose fiber.
- the surface fiber k is adhered to the high-quality fiber material D by, for example, laying the loose surface fiber k on a plate and rolling the pre-formed high-quality fiber material D to loosen the surface fiber k. k is attached.
- a soft layer N having a good softness and water absorption can be formed on the surface of the high-quality fiber D, and an excrement disposal material F12 having a soft outer surface and a good water absorption can be formed (step S34).
- the surface fiber material k can be attached to the good quality fiber material D not only once, but a plurality of times to form a multi-layer structure, and the thickness of the soft layer N of the good quality fiber material D is increased. You can also. Further, the adhesion of the surface fiber k can be applied to each of the excrement disposal materials F to F11.
- the excrement disposal material F13 having good water absorption can be formed while maintaining the outer shape.
- the excrement disposal material F13 hardens only the surface of the soft layer N with a curing agent or the like while keeping the soft layer N itself formed by the surface fibers k in a soft state.
- a hard surface H is formed.
- the excrement disposal material F13 in which the soft layer N having the hard surface H is formed can improve the water absorption by the soft layer N inside while maintaining the outer shape by the hard surface H.
- the weight can be reduced for the volume, and the conveyance is easy.
- the excrement disposal material F of this example is a fiber product obtained by disaggregating, dewatering, and bleaching waste paper A, which is a pulpable raw material, and the material is a high-quality fiber suitable for paper making.
- the product D is manufactured by molding it into a predetermined shape. Since the excrement disposal material F of this embodiment is manufactured using a high-quality fiber D suitable for making paper, it does not require a separate material for supplementing water absorption and water retention. In addition, there is no useless process for subdividing the raw corrugated cardboard, and it can be manufactured inexpensively and easily. Also, since the used paper A is used as a pulpable raw material, resources can be effectively used.
- the excrement disposal material F has an increased internal porosity, can be easily discarded by flowing into sewage, is environmentally friendly, has good water absorption, and can be reduced in weight. it can. And this excrement disposal material F can be manufactured with the manufacturing apparatus 1 of a simple structure.
- the waste paper A is exemplified as a raw material that can be pulped. These can be used alone as a raw material, or can be used by mixing a plurality of them. These raw materials can be pulped by a mechanical method using a mechanical device or a chemical method using a chemical.
- the fiber C was classified into the high-quality fiber D and the defective fiber E by the filter of the classifier 6, but the pressurized flotation method using pressurized air and the flocculant were used.
- the defective fiber material E can be classified by a precipitation method, a flotation method using bubbles, or the like.
- the excrement disposal material F is manufactured by the defective fiber material E generated by treating the waste paper A. However, the fibers obtained by coagulating and sedimenting the papermaking wastewater with chemicals (flocculating agent) are removed. The excrement disposal material F can also be manufactured using a thing (sludge).
- the material is made of high-quality fiber D suitable for paper making and the material is paper before the forming step (step S10). It is possible to have a mixing step (step S9-1) in which the defective fiber material E that is not suitable for making is supplementarily mixed by the mixer 8. In this way, by substituting the defective fiber material E with the good quality fiber material D, the amount of the good quality fiber material D used can be reduced and the cost can be reduced. In addition, when a lot of defective fibers E are mixed with the high quality fibers D, the fibers of the defective fibers E are thin and short. Can do.
- wood coniferous, hardwood, etc.
- non-wood lainta, kenaf, etc.
- synthetic fiber chemical synthetic fiber
- a deodorant can be added to the high-quality fiber D in order to suppress the odor emission after use, and an adhesive can be added to make it easier to solidify during water absorption.
- Dye can also be added to signal.
- the high-quality fiber material including the excrement disposal material F including an adhesive or the like after the molding step (step S10) in which D is coated by the coating machine 9 can be provided.
- a coating process (step S12) in which D is coated by the coating machine 9 can be provided.
- an adhesive etc. are applied to the surface of the excrement disposal material F shape
- the included good quality fiber material D can be coated to obtain a coated excrement disposal material Fc (step S13).
- the excrement disposal material Fc whose surface is coated can further increase the water absorption by an adhesive or the like.
- a deodorant for reaching the odor emission after use or a dye for notifying that water has been absorbed is added. You can also.
- calcium carbonate can be mixed with the fibrous material in order to increase the whiteness.
- a microbubble generator that generates microbubbles (fine bubbles) is added to the manufacturing apparatus 1 and excretion is performed by adding a step of including the microbubbles generated by the microbubble generator in the fiber material C in the manufacturing method.
- the internal porosity of the material treatment material F can be increased.
- the manufactured excrement disposal material F is reduced in weight and is easy to carry, is improved in water absorption and tends to be agglomerated, and has good solubility and can be easily discarded by flowing into sewage. It is environmentally friendly and can be manufactured at low cost while saving the amount of high-quality fiber D used.
- the excrement disposal material produced according to the present invention is not limited to the use of pet toilets, but can also be used for portable toilets and simple installation toilets used by humans.
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Abstract
Description
図2に示すように、排泄物処理材Fの製造装置1は、離解機2と、脱墨機3と、脱水機4と、漂白機5と、分級機6と、成形機7とを備え、パルプ化可能な原料を用いて排泄物処理材Fを製造する。この実施例では、パルプ化可能な原料として、古紙Aを用いる。なお、パルプ化可能な原料としては、古紙を用いずにパルプ自体を用いることもできる。
離解機2は、攪拌羽根などを備え、パルプ化可能な原料としての古紙Aに水などを加え、その古紙Aを分解して溶解物Bを生成する。
脱墨機3は、離解機2で生成された溶解物Bからインクを除く。
脱水機4は、脱墨機3で脱墨された溶解物Bを脱水して繊維物Cを生成する。
漂白機5は、脱水機4で生成された繊維物Cの漂白を行う。
分級機6は、漂白機5で漂白された繊維物(「パルプ」とも言う)Cを、材質が紙作りに適した良質繊維物(「ウェット」又は「パルパ」とも言う)Dと、材質が紙作りに適さない不良質繊維物(「スラッジ」とも言う)Eとに、分級する。
成形機7は、分級機6で分級された前記材質が紙作りに適した良質繊維物Dを成形し、所定形状の排泄物処理材Fを形成する。
よって、分級機6では、フィルタを用いて、これら材質の異なる繊維が含まれる繊維物Cを、前記材質が紙作りに適した良質繊維物Dと前記材質が紙作りに適さない不良質繊維物Eとに、分級する。
この実施例の分級では、例えば、スリットの幅(大きさ)が0.15mmのフィルタを用いて、フィルタ上に残された繊維太さが0.15mmよりも大きな良質繊維物Dと、フィルタを通過した繊維太さが0.15mmよりも小さな不良質繊維物Eとに、分級する。なお、この数値は、比較的多く採用されている傾向にある。従って、この実施例での繊維太さの数値は、一例であり、この数値に限定されるものではない。
図1に示すように、排泄物処理材Fの製造にあっては、先ず、パルプ化可能な原料としての古紙Aを準備し、そして、離解工程と、脱墨工程と、脱水工程と、漂白工程と、分級工程と、成形工程とにより、排泄物処理材Fを製造する。なお、パルプ化可能な原料としては、パルプ自体を準備することもできる。
この実施例では、原則、紙作りに用いられる叩解を行わない。これにより、繊維を徒に圧縮することがなく、繊維が柔らかいまま維持される。つまり、繊維自体が圧縮されることがなく、しかも、相互に絡み合った繊維も圧縮されることがない。これにより、排泄物処理材Fが形成された際に、内部空隙率を高くすることができるとともに、吸水性を向上させることができる。
なお、このステップS3では、必要に応じて、ほぐれた繊維の叩解を行ってもよい。
このとき、分級工程では、例えば、スリットの幅(大きさ)が0.15mmのフィルタを用いて、フィルタ上に残された繊維太さが0.15mmよりも大きな良質繊維物Dと、フィルタを通過した繊維太さが0.15mmよりも小さな不良質繊維物Eとに、分級する。なお、この数値は、比較的多く採用されている傾向にある。従って、この実施例での繊維太さの数値は、一例であり、この数値に限定されるものではない。
分級機6により分級された前記材質が紙作りに適した良質繊維物Dは、前記材質が紙作りに適さない不良質繊維物Eと比較して白色であり、臭いも少なく、且つ前記材質が紙作りに適さない不良質繊維物Eよりも多量に得られる。
この成形工程(ステップS10)においては、前記材質が紙作りに適した良質繊維物Dを、例えば、型によって所定形状の排泄物処理材Fを押し固めて形成したり、あるいは、押出機構によって型穴から押し出し加工して所定形状の排泄物処理材Fを形成することもできる。
この排泄物処理材Fは、この実施例によれば、例えば、径が5mm程度で且つ長さが5~10mm程度の大きさに形成される。なお、この排泄物処理材Fの大きさは、上記の大きさに限定されるものではない。
また、この排泄物処理材Fは、内部空隙率が高いので、単位当たりの重量が小さく、軽い性質となり、運搬が容易となる。
さらに、この排泄物処理材Fは、ペット用のトイレや災害用の簡易型トイレなどを構成する容器に入れられて使用される。この場合、排泄物処理材Fが軽いことから、トイレの搬送などが簡単となる。
そして、吸水して塊状化した使用後の排泄物処理材Fは、繊維がばらけやすく、溶解性が良いので、配管に詰まったりせず、スムースに流れることから、下水に流して廃棄することができ、焼却処分や分解処理などを必要としないので、環境への負荷を小さくでき、環境に優しい。
なお、この実施例では、排泄物処理材Fの製造工程において、離解工程、脱墨工程、脱水工程、漂白工程、成形工程の順としたが、これら工程を前後させたりして、工程の順序を変更することも可能である。
また、排泄物処理材Fの製造工程において、必要に応じて、繊維を攪拌する工程や、繊維を粉砕する工程を実施することも可能である。
この棒形状で短円柱形状の排泄物処理材F1は、形状が簡素であることから、製造が容易であり、簡単で安価とすることができる。
この湾曲した短円柱形状の排泄物処理材F2は、トイレの容器内で互い適度に絡み合うことで、ペットの使用中に容器から飛び出すことがなく、また、排泄物が容器の底部まで抜けることがなく、排泄物の吸収が良好である。
この球形状の排泄物処理材F3は、ペット用のトイレの容器内でペットが踏んでも嫌がらなくさせることができ、トイレの使用を覚えさせ易くすることができる。
この表面に窪みRを形成した排泄物処理材F4は、窪みRが排泄物を受けやすく、表面積の増大化現象で吸収性を良くできる。
この表面に突部Pを形成した排泄物処理材F5は、突部Pにより表面積を大きくし、排泄物を固まり易くすることができ、また、嵩張らせて使用量を少なくすることができる。
この紡錘形状の排泄物処理材F6は、トイレの容器内で隣接する排泄物処理材F6同士を密接に入れておくことができ、また、排泄物が容器の底部まで抜けることがなく、排泄物を良好に吸収させることができる。
この内部に空洞Cを有する排泄物処理材F7は、空洞Cによって軽くなるので、持ち運び易く、また、排泄物を良好に吸収させることができる。
この良質繊維物Dの減圧調整では、初めは小さな径に予備成形された良質繊維物D(図13の(A)で示す)が膨張して所定大きさで球状の繊維物としての排泄物処理材F11(図13の(B)で示す)となるように、減圧容器内の圧力を調整する。このように、予備成形された良質繊維物Dは、膨張して所定大きさの排泄物処理材F11(図13の(B)で示す)になることにより、内部に多くの空気が存在し、内部空隙率が高くなる。この場合、小さな径の良質繊維物Dの繊維(図13の(A)で示す)が絡み合った状態で膨張し易いように、必要に応じて、良質繊維物Dを、加熱手段で加熱したり、水分を補うように加湿手段で加湿することも可能である。
そして、減圧容器から取り出すことにより、水分がなく乾燥し、軽く、吸水性が良い排泄物処理剤F11が形成される(ステップS23)。
良質繊維物Dへの表面用繊維kの付着作業としては、例えば、プレート上にほぐれた表面用繊維kを敷いておき、その上に予備成形した良質繊維物Dを転がしてほぐれた表面用繊維kを付着させる。これにより、良質繊維物Dの表面には、軟らかく、また、吸水性が良い軟質層Nが形成され、外面が軟らかく吸水性の良い排泄物処理材F12を形成することができる(ステップS34)。
また、この良質繊維物Dへの表面繊維材kの付着は、1回に限らず、複数回行って重層構造とすることができ、良質繊維物Dの軟質層Nの厚さを大きくすることもできる。
さらに、この表面用繊維kの付着は、上記の各排泄物処理材F~F11にも適用可能である。
このように、表面が硬質面Hの軟質層Nを形成した排泄物処理材F13は、表面の硬質面Hによって外形を保ちながら、内部の軟らかな軟質層Nによって吸水性を向上することができ、また、体積の割に軽量化を図ることができ、搬送が容易である。
この実施例の排泄物処理材Fは、材質が紙作りに適した良質繊維物Dを用いて製造されるので、吸水性、保水性を補うための素材を別途に必要とせず、従来のように原料の段ボール原紙を細分化するための無駄な工程が無く、安価且つ容易に製造でき、また、パルプ化可能な原料として古紙Aを用いることから、資源の有効活用を図ることができる。また、排泄物処理材Fは、内部空隙率が高まり、また、溶解性が良く下水に流して容易に廃棄することができ、環境に優しく、しかも、吸水性が良く、軽量化を図ることができる。
そして、この排泄物処理材Fは、簡単な構成の製造装置1によって製造することができる。
上記の実施例においては、分級機6のフィルタにより繊維物Cを、良質繊維物Dと不良質繊維物Eとに分級したが、加圧空気を用いた加圧浮上法、凝集剤を用いた沈殿法、気泡を用いた浮遊選鉱法などにより、不良質繊維物Eの分級を行うこともできる。
この実施例では、例えば、スリットの幅(大きさ)が0.15mmのフィルタを用いて、フィルタ上に残された繊維太さが0.15mmよりも大きな良質繊維物Dと、フィルタを通過した繊維太さが0.15mmよりも小さな不良質繊維物Eとに、分級する。なお、この数値は、比較的多く採用されている傾向にある。従って、この実施例での繊維太さの数値は、一例であり、この数値に限定されるものではない。
上記の実施例においては、古紙Aを処理して生成した不良質繊維物Eにより排泄物処理材Fを製造したが、製紙排水を薬品(凝集剤)により凝集沈降させて重金属などを除去した繊維物(スラッジ)を用いて排泄物処理材Fを製造することもできる。
このように、良質繊維物Dに不良質繊維物Eを補助的を混ぜ合わせることで、良質繊維物Dの使用量を少なくして安価にすることができる。
また、良質繊維物Dに対して不良質繊維物Eを多く混ぜ合わせた場合に、不良質繊維物Eの繊維が細く且つ短いことから、さらに水にばらけやすくなり、溶解性を向上させることができる。
さらに、良質繊維物Dに補助的に混ぜ合わせる原料としては、上記のような、木材(針葉樹、広葉樹など)、非木材系(リンタ、ケナフなど)、合成繊維系(化学合成繊維)などをパルプ化して、1種、又は2種以上を混ぜ合わせて使用することも可能である。
なお、良質繊維物Dには、使用後における臭いの発散を抑えるために、消臭剤を加えることもでき、また、吸水時に固まり易くするために、粘着剤を加えることもでき、吸水したことを知らせるために、染料を加えることもできる。
これにより、排泄物処理材Fの製造にあっては、図1に示すように、コーティング工程(ステップS12)において、良質繊維物Dから成形された排泄物処理材Fの表面に粘着剤などを含めた良質繊維物Dをコーティング処理し、コーティングされた排泄物処理材Fcを得ることができる(ステップS13)。
このように、表面がコーティングされた排泄物処理材Fcは、粘着剤などによって吸水性をさらに高めることができる。
なお、このコーティング処理に用いられる粘着剤などを含んだ良質繊維物Dには、使用後における臭いの発散を迎えるための消臭剤を加え、あるいは、吸水したことを知らせるための染料を加えることもできる。
これにより、製造された排泄物処理材Fは、軽量化して持ち運びを良くし、吸水性が向上して塊状になり易く、また、溶解性が良く下水に流して容易に廃棄をすることができ、環境に優しく、さらに、良質繊維物Dの使用量を節約して安価に製造することができる。
2 離解機
3 脱墨機
4 脱水機
5 漂白機
6 分級機
7 成形機
A 古紙
B 溶解物
C 繊維物(パルプ)
D 良質繊維物(ウェット又はパルパ)
E 不良質繊維物(スラッジ)
F 排泄物処理材
Claims (4)
- パルプ化可能な原料を、離解、脱水して得られた繊維物であって、材質が紙作りに適した良質繊維物を成形して所定形状に形成したことを特徴とする排泄物処理材。
- 前記材質が紙作りに適した良質繊維物は、太くおよび/または長い繊維からなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の排泄物処理材。
- パルプ化可能な原料としての古紙を離解して溶解物を生成する離解工程と、
前記離解工程で生成された溶解物からインクを除く脱墨工程と、
前記脱墨工程で脱墨された溶解物を脱水して繊維物を生成する脱水工程と、
前記脱水工程で生成された繊維物を材質が紙作りに適した良質繊維物と材質が紙作りに適さない不良質繊維物とに分級する分級工程と、
前記分級工程で分級された前記材質が紙作りに適した良質繊維物を成形して所定形状の排泄物処理材を形成する成形工程とを有することを特徴とする排泄物処理材の製造方法。 - パルプ化可能な原料としての古紙を離解して溶解物を生成する離解機と、
前記離解機で生成された溶解物からインクを除く脱墨機と、
前記脱墨機で脱墨された溶解物を脱水して繊維物を生成する脱水機と、
前記脱水機で生成された繊維物を材質が紙作りに適した良質繊維物と紙作りに材質が紙作りに適さない不良質繊維物とに分級する分級機と、
前記分級機で分級された前記材質が紙作りに適した良質繊維物を成形して所定形状の排泄物処理材を形成する成形機とを備えることを特徴とする排泄物処理材の製造装置。
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JPH10314583A (ja) * | 1997-05-06 | 1998-12-02 | Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc | 吸収性材料の製造方法 |
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JP2005168493A (ja) * | 2004-11-04 | 2005-06-30 | Daiki:Kk | 粒状の排泄物処理材及び製造方法 |
US7582190B2 (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2009-09-01 | Mio Company, Llc | Shaped pulp article and resulting surface covering and method of making same |
JP4791802B2 (ja) * | 2005-11-11 | 2011-10-12 | フジライト工業株式会社 | 排泄物処理用粒状材 |
CN101280541A (zh) * | 2008-05-08 | 2008-10-08 | 卢正利 | 一种宠物用纸球垫料的制造方法及由该方法制造的产品 |
CN101279519A (zh) * | 2008-05-12 | 2008-10-08 | 卢正利 | 一种干法制造纸球垫料的方法及由该方法制造的产品 |
WO2014041633A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-12 | 2014-03-20 | 東海加工紙株式会社 | 排泄物処理材、排泄物処理材の製造方法及びその製造装置 |
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2012
- 2012-09-12 WO PCT/JP2012/073325 patent/WO2014041633A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2012-09-12 CN CN201280001640.3A patent/CN103889212A/zh active Pending
- 2012-09-12 US US13/704,453 patent/US20140174687A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-09-12 AU AU2012372146A patent/AU2012372146A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-09-12 EP EP12821094.5A patent/EP2730162A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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Patent Citations (3)
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JPH038738B2 (ja) * | 1988-09-20 | 1991-02-06 | Pepaaretsuto Honho Kk | |
JPH10178951A (ja) | 1996-12-27 | 1998-07-07 | Pepaaretsuto Kk | 動物の排尿処理材又は同寝床用敷物 |
JPH10314583A (ja) * | 1997-05-06 | 1998-12-02 | Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc | 吸収性材料の製造方法 |
Cited By (1)
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JP2017520247A (ja) * | 2014-06-20 | 2017-07-27 | ゲーペー ツェルローゼ ゲーエムベーハー | 臭気制御および吸収性が改善された動物用トイレ砂 |
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TW201410939A (zh) | 2014-03-16 |
EP2730162A1 (en) | 2014-05-14 |
AU2012372146A1 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
CN103889212A (zh) | 2014-06-25 |
US20140174687A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 |
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