Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
  • C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
  • C08L79/02—Polyamines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
  • C08L79/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D179/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen, with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C09D161/00 - C09D177/00
  • C09D179/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
  • C09J179/00—Adhesives based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen, with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C09J161/00 - C09J177/00
  • C09J179/02—Polyamines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
  • C09J179/00—Adhesives based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen, with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C09J161/00 - C09J177/00
  • C09J179/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
  • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
  • H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
  • H05K3/28—Applying non-metallic protective coatings
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
  • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
  • H05K2201/01—Dielectrics
  • H05K2201/0104—Properties and characteristics in general
  • H05K2201/012—Flame-retardant; Preventing of inflammation

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a flame-retardant polymerizable
• Composition comprising at least one benzoxazine compound and certain
• Plastic materials have flame retardant properties.
• plastic materials based on benzoxazine compounds are particularly suitable for use in sensitive areas
• the aim of the present invention was therefore to provide a flame-retardant, polymerizable benzoxazine-based composition whose polymerization behavior is not significantly influenced by the flame retardant used. Furthermore, the flame retardant should ensure effective flame retardancy even at low concentrations and not deteriorate the temperature resistance and / or fracture mechanical properties of the cured composition.
• Polycarboxylic acid (thio) esters and / or polycarboxylic acid amides are able to give a Benzoxazinharzmatrix an effective flame retardant, wherein good
• Fire protection properties can be achieved even at low additive contents.
• the phosphorus-containing polymers do not significantly influence the polymerization behavior of the respective compositions. Furthermore, the fracture mechanics remain
• a first subject of the present invention is therefore a polymerizable
• phosphorus-containing polymer comprises at least one structural element of the general formula (I),
• R a , R b , R c , R d , R e , R, R 9 and R h are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, aralkyl, halogen, cyanide, thiol, amine, carboxyl or acyl.
• compositions of the present invention are particularly useful for the preparation of adhesives, sealants or coatings, as well as for the preparation of composites comprising a layer or bundle of fibers, such as carbon fibers.
• adhesives, sealants or coating agents comprising the polymerizable composition of the present invention are also an object of the present invention, as is the polymerization product of the respective invention
• a composition, wherein said polymerization product may comprise a layer or a bundle of fibers, such as carbon fibers.
• Another object of the present invention is an electronic component, which is the polymerizable composition of the invention or its
• Polymerization product comprises.
• phosphorus-containing polymers as flame retardants for benzoxazine compounds or as flame retardants for their polymerization products.
• the benzoxazine compound of the present invention is a monomer, oligomer or polymer comprising at least one benzoxazine group.
• Preferred monomers can have up to four benzoxazine groups. Both single monomers and mixtures of two or more monomers can be used.
• benzoxazine compounds comprising up to four benzoxazine groups.
• Suitable benzoxazine compounds are preferably described by formula (B1),
• R 1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, Alkyl, alkenyl and aryl
• R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, alkyl and alkenyl, or R 4 is a divalent radical which renders the benzoxazine structure a corresponding naphthoxazine structure.
• R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, in particular methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl or i-butyl, alkenyl, in particular allyl, and aryl and the substituents R 4 are the same or different and are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, alkyl and alkenyl, or R 4 is in each case a divalent radical which makes a corresponding naphthoxazine structure from the benzoxazine structure.
• Preferred benzoxazine compounds of the formula (B-II) are, for example, benzoxazine compounds of the formula (B-III) to (B-VI), R 4 R 4 formula (B-III)
• R 1 , R 2 and R 4 are as defined above.
• Preferred benzoxazine compounds are furthermore compounds of the general formula (B-VII),
• benzoxazine compounds are furthermore compounds of the general formula (B-VIII-X),
• Suitable benzoxazine compounds in the context of the present invention are, for example, the following compounds:
• Another benzoxazine compound which can be used in the context of the present invention is selected from compounds of the formula (B-XIX),
• each R in formula (B-XIX) -C 8 alkyl and C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl is each independently selected from allyl, aryl,.
• the abovementioned groups may be substituted or unsubstituted, suitable substituents being selected, for example, from amino, allyl and C 1 -C 8 -alkyl.
• all radicals R in formula (B-XIX) are identical, where R is in particular a phenyl group.
• Benzoxazine compounds in the context of the present invention are commercially available and are described, inter alia, by Huntsman Advanced Materials; Georgia-Pacific Resins, Inc. and Shikoku Chemicals Corporation, Chiba, Japan.
• the benzoxazine compounds of the present invention can also be obtained by reacting a phenolic compound, such as bisphenol A, bisphenol F, bisphenol S, or thiophenol with an aldehyde, such as formaldehyde, in the presence of a primary alkyl or arylamine.
• a phenolic compound such as bisphenol A, bisphenol F, bisphenol S, or thiophenol
• an aldehyde such as formaldehyde
• Suitable preparation processes are disclosed, for example, in US Pat. No. 5,543,516, in particular in Examples 1 to 19 in Columns 10 to 14, where the reaction time of the corresponding reaction may take from several minutes to several hours, depending on the concentration, reactivity and reaction temperature.
• Other manufacturing possibilities of the benzoxazine compounds of the present invention can be found in U.S. Patents US 4,607,091, US 5,021,484 and US 5,200,452 and International Patent Application WO 2006/035021 A1.
• the polymerizable composition of the present invention may contain only a benzoxazine compound or a mixture of various benzoxazine compounds.
• the proportion of the benzoxazine compound in the total amount of the polymerizable composition of the present invention is preferably from 20 to 99.5% by weight, more preferably from 30 to 90% by weight, and most preferably from 60 to 80% by weight.
• the above-mentioned proportion of the benzoxazine compound is understood as meaning the total amount of all benzoxazine compounds contained in the polymerizable composition according to the invention.
• the polymerizable composition according to the invention also contains at least one phosphorus-containing polymer as flame retardant, which is selected from
• R a , R b , R c , R d , R e , R, R 9 and R h are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, aralkyl, halogen, cyanide, thiol, amine, carboxyl or acyl.
• at least six of R a to R h are hydrogen, more preferably, each of R a , R b , R c , R d , R e , R, R 9 and R h is hydrogen ,
• a "phosphorus-containing polymer” is understood as meaning a compound which has at least one phosphorus atom and is composed of at least two monomer units, preferably at least ten monomer units and very preferably at least twenty monomer units.
• polycarboxylic acid (thio) ester is understood as meaning both a polycarboxylic acid ester and a polycarboxylic acid thioester.
• polycarboxylic acid ester for the purposes of the present invention refers to a polymer having ester functions in the main chain which can be obtained, for example, in a polycondensation reaction by reacting a polycarboxylic acid with a polyol.
• polycarboxylic thioester in the context of the present invention refers to a polymer having thioester functions in the main chain, which can be obtained, for example, in a polycondensation reaction by reacting a polycarboxylic acid with a polythiol.
• polycarboxylic acid amide denotes a polymer having amide functions in the main chain, which may be present, for example, in a Polycondensation reaction can be obtained by reacting a polycarboxylic acid with a polyamine.
• Phosphorus-containing polymers which carry one or more terminal hydroxyl groups are particularly preferred for the purposes of the present invention. Most preferred are phosphorus-containing polymers which have exclusively hydroxyl groups as terminal functional groups.
• the phosphorus-containing polymer comprises one or more structural units of the general formula (II),
• n is an integer from 2 to 10,000
• X and X are independently selected from -O-, -S- or -NH-
• A is a trivalent linking group comprising 1 to 100 C atoms
• B is a divalent one Is a linking group comprising 2 to 100 C atoms.
• the divalent linking group B is preferably a linear or branched group selected from alkylene groups, polyoxyalkylene groups, arylene groups or any of their combinations.
• Particularly preferred phosphorus-containing polymers of the present invention are
• R a and R b are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl or acyl. More preferably, R a and R b are hydrogen.
• a branched aliphatic group which preferably has 2 to 5 C atoms, in particular 3 C atoms.
• the number average molecular weight (M n ) of the phosphorus-containing polymer is preferably greater than about 20,000 g / mol, with phosphorus-containing polymers having a number average molecular weight (M n ) of 25,000 g / mol to 100,000 g / mol being particularly advantageous because of good compatibility and efficient flame retardancy are preferred.
• the number average molecular weight in the context of the present invention is determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using a
• the phosphorus content of the phosphorus-containing polymer used in the invention can be varied within a wide range.
• the phosphorus content based on the total amount of the phosphorus-containing polymer, is preferably 5 to 12% by weight.
• Phosphorus can be realized, so that the total phosphorus content of
• the polymerizable composition according to the invention is preferably between 0.01 and 1, 5 wt .-%. In addition to a good compatibility with Benzoxazinharzmatrix also good
• the phosphorus-containing polymer is selected from polycarboxylic acid (thio) esters or. to achieve fracture mechanical properties and / or good temperature resistance
• the phosphorus-containing polymer used according to the invention is a polycarboxylic acid ester, since with the aid of these polymers a particularly good temperature resistance and / or good fracture mechanical properties can be realized.
• the fracture mechanical properties can be determined by determining the stress intensity factor K1 c (Critical Stress Intensity Factor) and the fracture energy G1 c (Critical Energy Release Rate).
• K1 c Critical Stress Intensity Factor
• G1 c Critical Energy Release Rate
• K1c Critical Stress Intensity Factor
• G1c Critical Energy Release Rate
• Sample body of size 56 mm x 12.7 mm x 3.2 mm is used.
• Suitable phosphorus-containing polymers are commercially available and are sold, for example, by Schill + Seilacher AG under the trade name Ukanol FR 80.
• the phosphorus-containing polymers may also be prepared by any suitable method.
• One possible method of preparation is based on the reaction of 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phospha-phenanthren-10-oxide or its derivatives with unsaturated
• Suitable polyols are, for example, aliphatic diols, which are preferably selected from monoethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol 1, 3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, hexanediol, 1, 10-decanediol or mixtures thereof.
• suitable manufacturing processes can be found in European patent application EP 2 090 618 A2 in paragraphs [0015] to [0020] and in US Pat
• the polymerizable composition of the present invention may contain a phosphorus-containing polymer or a mixture of a plurality of the aforementioned phosphorus-containing polymers.
• the proportion of the phosphorus-containing polymer in the total amount of the polymerizable composition of the present invention is preferably 0.01 to 20% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight, and most preferably 1 to 7.5% by weight.
• the above-mentioned proportion of the phosphorus-containing polymer is understood as meaning the total amount of all phosphorus-containing polymers contained in the polymerizable composition according to the invention.
• the polymerizable composition comprises
• polymerizable resin component only one or more benzoxazine compounds.
• the polymerizable composition additionally comprises other polymerizable resin components.
• Suitable compounds may, for example, be selected from the group of epoxy resins, polyurethane resins, polyester resins, polyamide resins or phenolic resins or any of their mixtures.
• epoxy resin is understood as meaning a resin composition based on epoxy compounds or
• epoxy-containing compounds is formed.
• the epoxy compounds or epoxide-containing compounds of the epoxy resin system of the polymerizable preparation may comprise both oligomeric and monomeric epoxide compounds and polymeric-type epoxides and may be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic compounds.
• Suitable epoxy resins in the context of the present invention are, for example, preferably selected from bisphenol A type epoxy resins, bisphenol S type epoxy resins, bisphenol F type epoxy resins, phenol novolak type epoxy resins, cresol novolak epoxy resins. Type, epoxidized products more numerous
• aromatic epoxy resins such as epoxy resins with naphthalene skeleton and epoxy resins with fluorene skeleton
• aliphatic epoxy resins aliphatic epoxy resins
• alicyclic Epoxy resins such as 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate and bis (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl
• the epoxy resins include octadecylene oxide, styrene oxide, vinylcyclohexene oxide, glycidol, vinylcyclohexene dioxide, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexene carboxylate, 3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexene carboxylate, Bis (3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexylmethyl) adipate, bis (2,3-epoxy-cyclopentyl) ether, aliphatic, dipentene dioxide, epoxidized polybutadiene (eg Krasol products from Sartomer),
• Epoxy resin-containing silicone resin epoxy resin-containing silicone resin, flame retardant epoxy resins (eg "DER-580", bis (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) adipate, 2- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl-5,5-spiro-3,4-epoxy) cyclohexane-meta-dioxane , Vinylcyclohexene monoxide and 2-epoxyhexadecane.
• flame retardant epoxy resins eg "DER-580", bis (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) adipate
• 2- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl-5,5-spiro-3,4-epoxy) cyclohexane-meta-dioxane vinylcyclohexene monoxide and 2-epoxyhexadecane.
• cycloaliphatic epoxy resins commercially available, for example, under the tradename CY179 (Huntsman), ACHWL CER 4221 (Achiewell, LLC) or Cyracure 6105/61 10 (DOW Chemical).
• the polymerizable composition of the present invention may contain only an epoxy resin or a mixture of a plurality of the aforementioned epoxy resins.
• polymerizable composition preferably 5 to 50% by weight, more preferably 10 to 30% by weight and most preferably 15 to 25% by weight.
• the abovementioned proportion of the epoxy resin is understood as meaning the total amount of all the epoxy resins contained in the polymerizable composition according to the invention.
• the polymerizable composition according to the invention may also comprise one or more additives, which are preferably selected from fillers, plasticizers, reactive diluents, impact modifiers, rheology aids, wetting agents, anti-aging agents, stabilizers, color pigments or mixtures thereof
• compositions according to the invention comprise or consist, based on the total amount of the polymerizable composition:
• composition is substantially halogen-free.
• Composition is less than about 0, 1 wt .-%, preferably less than about 0.01 wt .-%, and in particular less than about 0.001 wt .-%.
• Small residual amounts of halogen-containing compounds can be introduced, for example, by the solvent used or by the initiator used in the polymerizable composition. Although residual halogen amounts are present in these compositions, these small residual amounts do not affect the physical properties of the finished compositions, for example, in terms of their flame retardancy, peel strength, and dielectric properties.
• the polymerizable composition of the present invention is completely free of halogen-containing flame retardants.
• Another object of the present invention is the polymerization product of the polymerizable composition according to the invention.
• Composition takes place a polymerization of the contained benzoxazine compounds. This can be done at elevated temperatures according to a self-initiating mechanism (thermal polymerization) or by adding cationic initiators.
• Suitable cationic initiators are, for example, Lewis acids or other cationic initiators, such as, for example, metal halides, organometallic reagents, such as
• Metalloporphyrins methyl tosylates, methyl triflates or trifluorosulfonic acids.
• basic reagents can be used to control the polymerization
• Suitable basic reagents may for example be selected from imidazole or imidazole derivatives.
• the thermal polymerization of the polymerizable composition of the invention takes place at temperatures of 150 to 300 ° C, in particular at temperatures of 160 to 220 ° C.
• the polymerization temperature may also be lower.
• the polymerization product according to the invention surrounds a layer or a bundle of fibers, wherein the fibers are treated before curing (polymerization) with the polymerizable composition according to the invention.
• the subsequent hardening becomes a fiber reinforced
• Another object of the present invention is a process for producing a polymerization product of the polymerizable invention
• composition wherein said composition recapitulates a layer or bundle of fibers and the fibers are treated prior to cure with the polymerizable composition of the invention.
• the method according to the invention comprises the steps:
• the term "elevated temperature” is to be understood as meaning preferably temperatures of 40 ° C. to 300 ° C., more preferably of 50 ° C. to 280 ° C., and very preferably of 80 ° C. to 250 ° C.
• the fibers mentioned are preferably selected from glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid fibers, boron fibers, alumina fibers or silicon carbide fibers. Two or more of these types of fibers can be used as a mixture. To have a product with you To produce lighter weight and higher durability is the use of
• Carbon fibers are particularly preferred.
• the layer or bundle of fibers are not defined in the context of the present invention to a specific shape or arrangement and so z.
• long fibers laid in parallel in one direction tows, fabrics, mats, knit fabrics or braids may be used.
• the fiber-reinforced composite materials produced by the above-mentioned method can be used for example in aircraft construction or in the automotive industry because of their low weight and high structural strength.
• Composites are prepregs or towpregs made of fibers (reinforcing fibers) and uncured polymerizable compositions as an intermediate, which are then hand laminated and thermoset.
• thermosetting polymerizable composition is optionally injected under pressure into a molded reinforcing fiber substrate and then thermoset to obtain a fiber reinforced composite.
• a reinforcing fiber substrate in an open form may be covered with a vacuum bag so that it can be sucked off upon injection of the polymerizable composition.
• VaRTM vacuum assisted resin injection process
• Another object of the present invention is an adhesive, sealant or coating composition comprising the polymerizable composition according to the invention.
• composition of the invention and its polymerization can be used in a particularly advantageous manner for the production of electronic components.
• Another The subject matter of the present invention is therefore an electronic component which comprises the polymerizable composition according to the invention or its polymerization product.
• Suitable electronic components may for example be selected from integrated circuits, semiconductor units, solar cells, solar modules or light-emitting diodes.
• benzoxazine compound (Box), a mixture of two benzoxazine compounds was used, which was based on the total amount of the mixture to 60 wt .-% of Box-I and to 40 parts by weight of I.
• the preparation of the polymerizable composition was carried out by the benzoxazine compounds Box-I and Box-I I shown above and the cycloaliphatic epoxy resin CER 4221 from Achiewell Inc. were presented in a suitable device. While stirring, the appropriate amount of the phosphorus-containing polyester Ukanol FR80 from Schill + Seilacher AG and, if appropriate, further additives or initiators were added. The mixture was homogenized with stirring in vacuo ( ⁇ 10 mbar) at 80 ° C for 15 to 30 minutes and then stored in closed containers.
• Table 1 shows the proportions of the individual constituents of the polymerizable
• compositions each based on the total amount of the polymerizable composition.
• Table I Polymerizable compositions
• the polymerizable compositions were thermally cured in an autoclave at 180 ° C within 90 minutes. Subsequently, the cured samples (polymerization products) were cooled to 22 ° C and characterized by the following methods.
• the glass transition temperature (T g ) was determined by Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA), the respective glass transition temperature being determined from the maximum value of the loss modulus. Temperature diagram was obtained.
• DMTA Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis
• the fire classification was determined according to the UL-94 Vertical Burning Test using hardened samples (polymerization products) with a thickness of 4 mm. Within the scope of the UL-94 Vertical Burning Test, fabrics with particularly good
• Tg glass transition temperatures
• Table 2 shows that a very good fire classification can be achieved even at extremely low levels (2.5 wt .-%) of phosphorus-containing polymers.
• the phosphorus-containing polymers used in the invention do not cause an undesirable lowering of the glass transition temperature (T g ) of the cured
• Benzoxazinharzmatrix is effective flame retardants for benzoxazine compounds which do not adversely affect the physical properties of the cured polymerization products.

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• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
• Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
• Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
• Paints Or Removers (AREA)
• Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
• Phenolic Resins Or Amino Resins (AREA)

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