WO2014032344A1 - 液晶显示面板 - Google Patents

液晶显示面板 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014032344A1
WO2014032344A1 PCT/CN2012/081813 CN2012081813W WO2014032344A1 WO 2014032344 A1 WO2014032344 A1 WO 2014032344A1 CN 2012081813 W CN2012081813 W CN 2012081813W WO 2014032344 A1 WO2014032344 A1 WO 2014032344A1
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Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
display panel
crystal display
opening
panel according
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PCT/CN2012/081813
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张鑫
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深圳市华星光电技术有限公司
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Priority to US13/704,634 priority Critical patent/US20150177569A1/en
Publication of WO2014032344A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014032344A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133345—Insulating layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133707—Structures for producing distorted electric fields, e.g. bumps, protrusions, recesses, slits in pixel electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
    • G02F1/1368—Active matrix addressed cells in which the switching element is a three-electrode device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133742—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers for homeotropic alignment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13775—Polymer-stabilized liquid crystal layers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display panel, and more particularly to a liquid crystal display panel which can improve the appearance of dark lines or uneven brightness (mura) of a display panel.
  • LCD liquid crystal displays
  • PDA personal digital assistants
  • the liquid crystal display comprises a backlight module and a liquid crystal display panel
  • the conventional liquid crystal display panel is composed of two substrates and a liquid crystal layer filled between the two substrates; in general, in the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display panel, both substrates are on the substrate.
  • An alignment film is formed to have a specific arrangement of liquid crystal molecules.
  • the existing method for forming an alignment film is to first apply an alignment material and then perform an alignment process on the alignment material.
  • PSVA Polymer Stabilized Vertical Alignment
  • the technique of PSVA is to incorporate a suitable concentration of monomer in the liquid crystal material and to oscillate uniformly.
  • the mixed liquid crystal material is placed on a heater and heated to reach an isotropic state.
  • the liquid crystal mixture drops to room temperature, the liquid crystal mixture returns to the nematic state.
  • the liquid crystal mixture was injected into the liquid crystal cell and a voltage was applied.
  • the monomer compound is polymerized by ultraviolet light (UV) or heating to form a polymer layer, thereby achieving the purpose of stable alignment.
  • UV ultraviolet light
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a liquid crystal display panel 100 corresponding to a pixel in a polymer stabilized vertical alignment mode in the prior art.
  • the liquid crystal display panel has a data line DL, a scan line SL, a thin film transistor 114, and a pixel electrode 110.
  • the pixel electrode 110 is located in the pixel area and is one meter (snow-flake) Like) the pattern of the font, the pixel electrode 110 contains a central vertical trunk (main The trunk 111, the central level trunk 112, and the branch portion 113 having an angle of ⁇ 45 degrees and ⁇ 135 degrees with the X-axis are composed of three parts.
  • the vertical trunk 111 and the horizontal trunk 112 divide the area of one pixel into four domains, and each region is composed of a branch portion 113 obliquely 45 degrees.
  • the partial branch of the branch portion 113 is electrically connected to the transistor 114 to transfer the voltage from the data line SL to the pixel electrode 110.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an ideal liquid crystal reversal condition obtained by applying a certain voltage (for example, 4 V) to the pixel electrode 110 of FIG.
  • a certain voltage for example, 4 V
  • the reverse direction of the liquid crystal is gradually tilted inward from the outer side of the pixel electrode 110, and the angle at which it is tilted is along the extending direction of the branch portion.
  • the liquid crystal tilting directions of the four regions are ⁇ 45 degrees and ⁇ 135 degrees, respectively, all pointing to the central region of the pixel.
  • the angle between the liquid crystal reversal and the X-axis (ie, the scanning line) in the four regions is: the first quadrant -135 degrees, the second quadrant -45 degrees, and the third quadrant 45 degrees.
  • the fourth quadrant is 135 degrees.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the reverse direction of the liquid crystal in the cross section taken along the line A-B-C of FIG. As shown in Fig. 3, in the cross section in the position of the broken line in Fig. 1 (perpendicular to the cross section of the paper), the angle at which the liquid crystal is poured is poured from the outside to the inside, and the direction thereof is directed to the inside of the pixel.
  • the liquid crystal alignment becomes the first time when the voltage is applied by the PSVA. It is very important. Regardless of whether the liquid crystal alignment is ideal or not, after UV curing, the alignment condition will be completely memorized in the liquid crystal cell (LC). Within the Cell). Therefore, if the reverse direction of the liquid crystal is as close as possible to the ideal arrangement as shown in FIG. 2, the transmittance of the liquid crystal panel can be improved, thereby improving the display effect of the liquid crystal panel.
  • a liquid crystal display panel has a scan line, a data line, a switch unit, a liquid crystal molecule, and a pixel region, and the scan line and the data line are electrically connected to the switch unit.
  • the liquid crystal display panel includes: a pixel electrode located in the pixel region and electrically connected to the switch unit; and a conductive electrode layer located below a periphery of the pixel electrode, the conductive electrode layer and the pixel The electrodes are separated by an insulating layer, wherein the conductive electrode layer is used to supply a voltage when forming a pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules.
  • the present invention further applies a voltage to a conductive electrode layer disposed under the periphery of the pixel electrode, thereby improving the fringe electric field of the pixel electrode, thereby The liquid crystal molecules around the pixel electrode can obtain a good alignment direction, thereby improving the liquid crystal efficiency, improving the uneven brightness of the panel, and forming no dark lines, thereby improving the liquid crystal display effect.
  • PSVA polymerization vertical alignment mode
  • FIG. 1 is a partial schematic view of a polymer stabilized vertical alignment mode (PSVA) liquid crystal display panel corresponding to a pixel in the prior art.
  • PSVA polymer stabilized vertical alignment mode
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an ideal liquid crystal reversal condition obtained by applying a certain voltage to the pixel electrode of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the reverse direction of the liquid crystal in the cross section taken along the line A-B-C of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a product effect diagram of a PSVA liquid crystal display panel in the prior art.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view showing a liquid crystal display panel 500 corresponding to one pixel according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-B of Figure 5.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the annular conductive layer having a notch.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic illustration of an annular conductive layer having a plurality of electrically conductive members surrounding an annular shape.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic illustration of a conductive member having serrated edges.
  • Fig. 10 is a view showing the product effect of the liquid crystal display panel of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a partial schematic view of a liquid crystal display panel corresponding to one pixel according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12A is a schematic view of a pixel electrode having a horizontal opening in a shape in a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12B is a schematic view of a pixel electrode having a vertical opening in a shape in a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12C is a schematic view of a pixel electrode having a cross-shaped or X-shaped opening in a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12D is a schematic view of a pixel electrode having a m-shaped opening in a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13A is a schematic view showing that the shortest distance between the opening and the peripheral portion of the pixel electrode is not zero in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13B is a schematic view showing the opening of the pixel electrode being composed of a plurality of discontinuous openings in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • 13C is a schematic view showing the opening of the pixel electrode including a rectangular block-shaped opening in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13D is a schematic view showing the opening of the pixel electrode including a circular block-shaped opening in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view of a liquid crystal display panel 500 corresponding to one pixel according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view along line A-B of FIG.
  • the liquid crystal display panel 500 is described using a polymer stabilized vertical alignment mode (PSVA) liquid crystal display panel.
  • PSVA polymer stabilized vertical alignment mode
  • the liquid crystal display panel 500 has a data line DL, a scanning line SL, a switching unit 514, liquid crystal molecules (not shown), a pixel electrode 510, and a conductive electrode layer 520.
  • the switching unit 514 is a thin film transistor or other unit having a similar switching function.
  • the pixel electrode 510 is located in the pixel region and electrically connected to one end of the switch unit 514, and the switch unit 514 is electrically connected to the scan line SL and the data line DL.
  • the voltage transmitted by the scan line SL can be used to switch the unit 514.
  • the data signal carried by the data line DL is further transmitted to the pixel electrode 410.
  • the pixel electrode 510 mainly includes three portions, that is, a central vertical stem 511, a central horizontal stem 512, and a plurality of branch portions 513.
  • the pixel electrode 110 is a "meter" (snow-flake) Like) The pattern of the font.
  • the central horizontal trunk 512 is perpendicular to the central vertical trunk 511, and the central vertical trunk 511 and the central horizontal trunk 512 divide the pixel area into four regions.
  • a plurality of branch portions 513 are distributed in the four regions, and each of the branch portions 513 is connected to the central vertical trunk 511 or to the central horizontal trunk 512.
  • each of the branch portions 513 has an angle of ⁇ 45 degrees and ⁇ 135 degrees with respect to the X-axis, and each of the regions is formed by tiling the branch portion 113 obliquely 45 degrees, and the plurality of branch portions 513 are provided between the two. The same gap.
  • the liquid crystal display panel 500 is provided with a conductive electrode layer 520 , and the conductive electrode layer 520 may also be a metal conductive layer made of a metal material.
  • the conductive electrode layer 520 is located below the periphery or the periphery of the pixel electrode 510, and the conductive electrode layer 520 and the pixel electrode 510 are separated by an insulating layer 521.
  • the conductive electrode layer 520 can be correspondingly arranged according to the shape of the peripheral contour of the pixel electrode 510. As shown in FIG. 5, the conductive electrode layer 520 may be an annular conductive layer or a rectangular annular conductive layer corresponding to the outline of the pixel electrode 510. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 7, the annular conductive layer 520 may have one or more notches 531. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8, the annular conductive layer 520 includes a plurality of conductive members 532, and the plurality of conductive members 532 are surrounded by a ring shape and may be discontinuously distributed. In another embodiment, the plurality of electrically conductive members 532 of the annular conductive layer 520 have irregular, jagged or other geometric edges, as shown in FIG.
  • the conductive electrode layer 520 is used in a step of applying a voltage to the liquid crystal panel by the PSVA process and then curing the liquid crystal molecules with a pretilt angle by UV light.
  • the present invention further applies a voltage to the conductive electrode layer disposed under the periphery of the pixel electrode 510. 520, thereby improving the fringe electric field of the pixel electrode 510, so that better alignment of the liquid crystal molecules can be obtained.
  • the reverse direction of the liquid crystal is tilted from the outer side to the inner side of the pixel electrode 510 along the extending direction of the branch portion 513, which is closer to the ideal one.
  • the LCD is in a reverse condition.
  • the voltage applied when a voltage is applied to the conductive electrode layer 520 may be a suitable predetermined voltage or a voltage applied to the same or the same as the common electrode voltage on the color filter substrate side.
  • the present invention further applies a voltage to the conductive electrode layer 520 disposed under the periphery of the pixel electrode 510, thereby improving the fringe electric field of the pixel electrode 510, so that the liquid crystal around the pixel electrode 510
  • the molecules can get a good alignment direction, thereby improving the liquid crystal efficiency, improving the uneven brightness of the panel (so-called mura), and there is no dark line formation, thereby enhancing the liquid crystal display effect.
  • the product renderings of the liquid crystal display panel of the present invention can be referred to FIG. 10. Compared with the prior art renderings of FIG. 4, the present invention can effectively improve the situation of dark lines.
  • FIG. 11 is a partial schematic view of a liquid crystal display panel 600 corresponding to one pixel according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the difference between the second embodiment of the present invention and the first embodiment is that the second embodiment of the present invention further improves the pixel electrode, and the panel aperture ratio can be further improved.
  • the liquid crystal display panel 600 of the second embodiment of the present invention is provided with a conductive electrode layer 620 under the periphery or periphery of the pixel electrode, and the conductive electrode layer 620 is insulated from the pixel electrode as in the first embodiment. Separated by layers.
  • the conductive electrode layer 620 in the second embodiment of the present invention reference may be made to the above related description and FIG. 7 to FIG. 9 , and details are not described herein again.
  • the liquid crystal display panel 600 may be a PSVA liquid crystal display panel. As shown in FIG. 6, the liquid crystal display panel 600 has a data line DL, a scanning line SL, a switching unit 614, liquid crystal molecules (not shown), a pixel electrode 610, and a conductive electrode layer 620.
  • the pixel electrode 610 in the second embodiment of the present invention includes a rectangular (or square) peripheral portion 611 and a branch portion 613 located inside the peripheral portion 611, and at least one opening 612 is provided within a range surrounding the surrounding portion 411. For example, the opening 612 is located at a central portion of the pixel electrode 610.
  • opening 612 is a cross opening that roughly divides the area of the pixel into four domains, each region being tiled by a 45 degree oblique branch 613.
  • the branch portions 413 of the four regions respectively have different directions, for example, the angle between the direction and the X-axis (scanning line SL) corresponds to ⁇ 45 degrees and ⁇ 135 degrees, respectively.
  • the branch portion 413 The directions all point to the center of the pixel area.
  • the plurality of branch portions 613 may have the same gap between them.
  • the peripheral portion 611 is electrically connected to one end of the switch unit 614, and the switch unit 614 is electrically connected to the scan line SL and the data line DL.
  • the voltage transmitted by the scan line SL can be turned on by the switch unit 614.
  • the switching unit 614 is electrically connected to the peripheral portion, and transmits the data signal carried by the data line DL to the pixel electrode 610.
  • the opening 612 may also be an in-line opening parallel to the scan line DL (as shown in FIG. 12A) or an in-line opening parallel to the data line SL (as shown in FIG. 12B).
  • the opening 612 may also be a cross-shaped opening (as shown in FIG. 12C), which has the plurality of branch portions into four regions; or a m-shaped opening (as shown in FIG. 12D). Shown), which divides the plurality of branches into eight regions.
  • the surrounding portion 611 is a rectangular structure, but in practical applications, it may have other shapes, such as a circle, a hexagon, an octagon, etc., and is not limited to a rectangle.
  • the shortest distance between the contour of the opening 612 and the surrounding portion 611 is not zero (as shown in Figure 13A).
  • the opening 612 can be composed of a plurality of discrete openings (as in Figure 13B).
  • the opening 612 includes a block-shaped opening at the center of the pixel electrode 610, and the block-shaped opening is selected from the group consisting of a triangle, a rectangle (as shown in FIG. 13C), a star shape, a circle shape (FIG. 13D), A group of ovals and regular polygons.
  • the area of the non-opening region can be greatly reduced, and the area where the pixel electrode can transmit light is larger, thereby obtaining a higher aperture ratio.

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  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
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  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

一种液晶显示面板（500），具有扫描线（SL）、数据线（DL）、开关单元（514）、液晶分子以及像素区域，所述扫描线（SL）和所述数据线（DL）电性连接于所述开关单元（514），所述液晶显示面板（500）包括：像素电极（510），其位于所述像素区域，且与所述开关单元（514）电性连接；以及导电电极层（520），位于所述像素电极（510）周缘的下方，所述导电电极层（520）与所述像素电极（510）之间以绝缘层（521）隔开，其中所述导电电极层（520）于形成所述液晶分子之预倾角时用以提供电压。所述液晶显示面板（500）可以改善显示面板出现暗线或亮度不均之情形。

Description

液晶显示面板 技术领域
本发明涉及一种液晶显示面板，尤指一种可改善显示面板出现暗线或亮度不均（mura）之情形的液晶显示面板。
 背景技术
功能先进的显示器渐成为现今消费电子产品的重要特色，其中液晶显示器（LCD display）已经逐渐成为各种电子设备如行动电话、个人数字助理（PDA）、数字相机、计算机屏幕或笔记本计算机屏幕所广泛应用具有高分辨率彩色屏幕的显示器。
液晶显示器包括背光模块以及液晶显示面板，而传统液晶显示面板是由两基板以及填充于两基板之间的液晶层所构成；一般而言，在液晶显示面板的制造过程中，都会在两基板上形成配向膜，以使液晶分子具有特定的排列。现有形成配向膜的方法是先涂布配向材料之后，再对配向材料进行配向工艺。
目前业界发展出一种称为高分子安定化垂直配向（Ploymer Stabilized Vertical Alignment, PSVA）的技术，此技术乃是在液晶材料中掺入适当浓度的单体化合物（monomer）并且震荡均匀。接着，将混合后的液晶材料置于加热器上加温到达等向性（Isotropy）状态。当液晶混合物降至室温时，液晶混合物会回到向列型（nematic）状态。然后，将液晶混合物注入至液晶盒并施与电压。当施加电压使液晶分子排列稳定时，则使用紫外光（UV）或加热的方式让单体化合物进行聚合反应形成聚合物层，由此达到稳定配向的目的。
一般来说，在PSVA的液晶显示面板中，会在像素结构的像素电极中形成配向夹缝，以使液晶分子产生特定的配向方向。在此请参阅图1，图1为现有技术中高分子安定化垂直配向模式的液晶显示面板100对应于一像素（pixel）的部份示意图。如图1所示，液晶显示面板具有数据线DL、扫描线SL、薄膜晶体管114以及像素电极110。像素电极110位于像素区域内，为一“米”（snow-flake like）字型的图案（layout），像素电极110包含中央垂直的主干（main trunk）111、中央水平的主干112、以及与X轴夹角为±45度，±135度的分支部113三部分组成。其中垂直主干111和水平主干112将一像素的面积平均分成四个区域（domain），每个区域都由斜向45度的分支部113平铺组成。
如此，便形成了上下和左右分别镜像对称的“米”字型的电极设计。
其中，分支部113的部分分支电性连接至晶体管114，以将来自于数据线SL之电压传递至像素电极110上。
在此请继续参阅图2，图2绘示了图1的像素电极110施加一定电压（譬如4V）所得到的理想的液晶倒向状况。如图2所示，当米字型的像素电极110在通电的情况下，液晶的倒向是由像素电极110的外侧开始逐渐向内侧倾倒，且其倾倒的角度是沿分支部的延伸方向，四个区域的液晶倾倒方向分别为±45度，±135度，都指向像素的中央区域。详细来说，如图2所示，四个区域中液晶倒向与X轴（即扫描线）的夹角为：第一象限-135度，第二象限-45度，第三象限45度，第四象限135度。
在此请继续参阅图3，图3绘示了图1沿A-B-C虚线所截的横截面内的液晶倒向示意图。如图3所示，在图1虚线位置上的横截面内（垂直于纸面的横截面），液晶倾倒的角度是由外侧向内侧倾倒，其方向指向像素的内部。
在此请注意，在先前技术中，由于现有PSVA制程一定有一个先对液晶面板施加电压然后照UV光固化液晶分子预倾角的步骤，故在PSVA第一次施加电压时液晶配向的情况变得很重要。不管此时液晶配向理想与否，经过UV固化，其配向的状况会完全记忆在液晶盒（LC Cell）内。因此，如果能够尽可能的使得液晶的倒向趋向于如图2所示的理想排列就可以提高液晶屏的穿透率，从而提升液晶屏的显示效果。然而，如图1所示现有技术的像素电极设计，並无法使液晶分子达到理想的排列、理想的预倾角，而很可能会有倒向不良的情形，进而可能使液晶面板出现如图4所示的暗线DR，从而降低液晶效率，甚至产生亮度不均（即所谓的mura）的情形，影响液晶面板的显示效果。
 技术问题
因此本发明的目的是提供一种液晶显示面板，以改善显示面板出现暗线或亮度不均之情形。
 技术解决方案
根据本发明的实施例，本发明揭露一种液晶显示面板，具有扫描线、数据线、开关单元、液晶分子以及像素区域，所述扫描线和所述数据线电性连接于所述开关单元，所述液晶显示面板包括：像素电极，其位于所述像素区域，且与所述开关单元电性连接；以及导电电极层，位于所述像素电极周缘的下方，所述导电电极层与所述像素电极之间以绝缘层隔开，其中所述导电电极层于形成所述液晶分子之预倾角时用以提供电压。
 有益效果
相较于现有高分子安定化垂直配向模式（PSVA）製程形成液晶分子预倾角的技术，本发明进一步施加电压给设置在像素电极周缘下方的导电电极层，进而改善像素电极的边缘电场，使得像素电极周边的液晶分子能够得到很好的配向方向，进而提升液晶效率，改善面板亮度不均的现象，也不会有暗线形成，因而起到提升液晶显示效果的作用。
 附图说明
图1为现有技术中的高分子安定化垂直配向模式（PSVA）液晶显示面板对应于一像素的部分示意图。
图2绘示图1的像素电极施加一定电压所得到的理想的液晶倒向状况。
图3绘示图1沿A-B-C虚线所截的横截面内的液晶倒向示意图。
图4为现有技术中的PSVA液晶显示面板的产品效果图。
图5为本发明第一实施例的液晶显示面板500对应于一个像素）的部份示意图。
图6为沿着图5中A-B线段的剖面示意图。
图7为环状导电层具有缺口的示意图。
图8为环状导电层具有围绕成环状的多个导电构件的示意图。
图9为导电构件具有锯齿状边缘的示意图。
图10为本发明液晶显示面板的产品效果图。
图11为本发明第二实施例的液晶显示面板对应于一个像素的部份示意图。
图12A为本发明第二实施例中具有一字型之水平方向开口的像素电极的示意图。
图12B为本发明第二实施例中具有一字型之垂直方向开口的像素电极的示意图。
图12C为本发明第二实施例中具有叉字型或X字型开口的像素电极的示意图。
图12D为本发明第二实施例中具有米字型开口的像素电极的示意图。
图13A为本发明第二实施例中像素电极之开口与周围部间的最短距离不为零的示意图。
图13B为本发明第二实施例中像素电极之开口由多个不连续开口组成的示意图。
图13C为本发明第二实施例中像素电极之开口包含矩形的块状开口的示意图。
图13D为本发明第二实施例中像素电极之开口包含圆形的块状开口的示意图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
以下各实施例的说明是参考附加的图式，用以例示本发明可用以实施之特定实施例。本发明所提到的方向用语，例如「上」、「下」、「前」、「后」、「左」、「右」、「顶」、「底」、「水平」、「垂直」等，仅是参考附加图式的方向。因此，使用的方向用语是用以说明及理解本发明，而非用以限制本发明。
在此请参阅图5及图6，图5为本发明第一实施例的液晶显示面板500对应于一个像素（pixel）的部份示意图，图6为沿着图5中A-B线段的剖面示意图。在本实施例中，液晶显示面板500是采用高分子安定化垂直配向模式（PSVA）液晶显示面板作为说明。如图5及图6所示，液晶显示面板500具有数据线DL、扫描线SL、开关单元514、液晶分子（未图示）、像素电极510以及导电电极层520。较佳地，开关单元514是一薄膜晶体管或是其它具有类似开关功能的单元。像素电极510位于像素区域内，並电连接至开关单元514的一端，而开关单元514並电性连接至扫描线SL和数据线DL，如此，由扫描线SL传递之电压，可将开关单元514开启，进而将数据线DL所载之数据信号传递至像素电极410上。
在本发明第一实施例中，像素电极510主要包含三个部分，即中央垂直主干511、中央水平主干512以及多个分支部513。像素电极110为一“米”（snow-flake like）字型的图案（layout）。中央水平主干512垂直于中央垂直主干511，中央垂直主干511和中央水平主干512将像素区域分成四个区域。多个分支部513分布于所述四个区域中，且各个分支部513与中央垂直主干511或与中央水平主干512相连接。举例来说，各个分支部513与X轴夹角为±45度、±135度，每个区域都由斜向45度的分支部113平铺组成，而多个分支部513两两之间具有相同的间隙。
如图5及图6所示，液晶显示面板500並设置有导电电极层520，导电电极层520亦可为以金属材料制成的金属导电层。导电电极层520位于像素电极510外围或周缘的下方，且导电电极层520与像素电极510之间以绝缘层521隔开。
导电电极层520可依照像素电极510外围轮廓的形状作对应的设置。如图5所示，导电电极层520可为配合像素电极510轮廓而对应设置的环状导电层或矩形环状导电层。而且，如图7所示，环状导电层520可具有一或多个缺口531。或者是，如图8所示，环状导电层520包含有多个导电构件532，而多个导电构件532围绕成环状，並可呈不连续分布。另外一种实施方式是，环状导电层520的多个导电构件532具有不规整的、锯齿状的或其他几何形状的边缘，如图9所示。
在本发明中，导电电极层520系使用于PSVA制程对液晶面板施加电压然后照UV光固化液晶分子预倾角的步骤中。在形成液晶分子预倾角的过程中，除了在彩膜基板侧（未图示）和像素电极510间施加电压以形成电场外，本发明进一步施加电压予设置在像素电极510周缘下方的导电电极层520，从而改善像素电极510的边缘电场，因而能够取得较好的液晶分子配向，例如，使液晶的倒向沿着分支部513的延伸方向由像素电极510的外侧向内侧倾倒，更接近理想的液晶倒向状况。此外，在施加电压于导电电极层520时所施加的电压可为适当的预定电压，或者是施加与彩膜基板侧之共同电极电压接近或相同的电压。
相较于现有PSVA製程形成液晶分子预倾角的技术，本发明进一步施加电压给设置在像素电极510周缘下方的导电电极层520，进而改善像素电极510的边缘电场，使得像素电极510周边的液晶分子能够得到很好的配向方向，进而提升液晶效率，改善面板亮度不均（即所谓的mura）的现象，也不会有暗线形成，因而起到提升液晶显示效果的作用。本发明之液晶显示面板的产品效果图可参考图10，相较于现有技术的效果图图4，本发明确能有效改善暗线的情形。
图11为本发明第二实施例的液晶显示面板600对应于一个像素的部份示意图。本发明第二实施例相较于第一实施例的差异在于，本发明第二实施例进一步对像素电极进行改进，可以进一步提升面板开口率。需注意的是，本发明第二实施例之液晶显示面板600与第一实施例同样地都在像素电极外围或周缘的下方设置了导电电极层620，导电电极层620与像素电极之间以绝缘层隔开。本发明第二实施例中导电电极层620的变化可参照上述相关描述以及图7至图9，在此不再赘述。
在本发明第二实施例中，液晶显示面板600可为PSVA液晶显示面板。如图6所示，液晶显示面板600具有数据线DL、扫描线SL、开关单元614、液晶分子（未图示）、像素电极610以及导电电极层620。本发明第二实施例中的像素电极610包含矩形（或正方形）的周围部611以及位于周围部611内部的分支部613，而在位于周围部411围绕的范围之内设有至少一开口612，例如：开口612位于像素电极610的中央部分。举例来说，开口612为十字开口，开口612大致将像素的面积平均分成四个区域（domain），每个区域都由斜向45度的分支部613平铺组成。而四个区域的分支部413分别具有不同之方向，例如，其方向与X轴（扫描线SL）的夹角分别对应±45度以及±135度，于较佳实施例中，分支部413的方向皆指向像素区域的中央。此外，多个分支部613两两之间可具有相同的间隙。
周围部611电连接至开关单元614的一端，而开关单元614並电性连接至扫描线SL和数据线DL，如此，由扫描线SL传递之电压，可将开关单元614开启，便可藉由开关单元614与周围部之导通，而将数据线DL所载之数据信号传递至像素电极610上。
所述开口612亦可为平行于扫描线DL的一字型开口（如图12A所示）或平行于数据线SL的一字型开口（如图12B所示）。在实际的应用中，所述开口612亦可为叉字型开口（如图12C所示），其将所述多个分支部分成四个区域；或为为米字型开口（如图12D所示），其将所述多个分支部分成八个区域。
此外，在此请注意，周围部611虽为一矩形架构，但于实际应用中，亦可具有其它的形状，例如圆形、六边形、八边形等等，而不以矩形为限。
另外，在一实施方式中，所述开口612的轮廓与周围部611间的最短距离不为零（如图13A所示）。在一实施方式中，所述开口612可由多个不连续的开口组成（如图13B）。在一实施方式中，所述开口612包含位于像素电极610中央的一块状开口，块状开口是选自由三角形、矩形（如图13C所示）、星形、圆形（如图13D）、椭圆形和正多边形所组成的群组。
在本发明第二实施例中，非开口区的面积可以大幅下降，像素电极可透光的区域更大，进而能够得到更高的开口率。
综上所述，虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上，但该较佳实施例并非用以限制本发明，该领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，均可作各种更动与润饰，因此本发明的保护范围以权利要求界定的范围为准。
 本发明的实施方式
工业实用性
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Claims (20)

  1. 一种液晶显示面板，具有扫描线、数据线、开关单元、液晶分子以及像素区域，所述扫描线和所述数据线电性连接于所述开关单元，所述液晶显示面板包括：
    像素电极，其位于所述像素区域，且与所述开关单元电性连接；以及
    导电电极层，位于所述像素电极周缘的下方，所述导电电极层与所述像素电极之间以绝缘层隔开，其中所述导电电极层于形成所述液晶分子之预倾角时用以提供电压。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示面板，其中所述导电电极层为环状导电层。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的液晶显示面板，其中所述环状导电层具有缺口。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的液晶显示面板，其中所述环状导电层包含多个导电构件，所述多个导电构件围绕成环状，並呈不连续分布。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的液晶显示面板，其中所述导电构件具有锯齿状边缘。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示面板，其中所述导电电极层为金属导电层。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示面板，其中所述像素电极包含：
    中央垂直主干；
    中央水平主干，其垂直于所述中央垂直主干，所述中央垂直主干和所述中央水平主干将所述像素区域分成四个区域；以及
    多个分支部，分布于所述四个区域中，且各个分支部与所述中央垂直主干或与所述中央水平主干相连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的液晶显示面板，其中所述多个分支部两两之间具有相同的间隙。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示面板，其中所述像素电极包含：
    一周围部，电性连接于所述开关单元的一端；
    多个分支部，位于所述周围部的内部，与所述周围部相连接；以及
    至少一开口，位于所述周围部围绕的范围之内，所述开口将所述多个分支部分成至少两个区域。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示面板，其中所述周围部为矩形。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示面板，其中所述开口为十字开口，其将所述多个分支部分成四个区域。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示面板，其中所述开口为一字型开口，其平行于所述扫描线。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示面板，其中所述开口为一字型开口，其平行于所述数据线。
  14. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示面板，其中所述开口为叉字型开口，其将所述多个分支部分成四个区域。
  15. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示面板，其中所述开口为米字型开口，其将所述多个分支部分成八个区域。
  16. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示面板，其中所述开口包含一块状开口，其位于所述像素电极的中央。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的液晶显示面板，其中所述块状开口是选自由三角形、矩形、星形、圆形、椭圆形和正多边形所组成的群组。
  18. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示面板，其中所述开口的轮廓与所述周围部间的最短距离不为零。
  19. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示面板，其中所述开口由多个不连续的开口组成。
  20. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示面板，其中述多个分支部两两之间具有相同的间隙。
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