WO2014030194A1 - エレベータの電力変換装置 - Google Patents

エレベータの電力変換装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014030194A1
WO2014030194A1 PCT/JP2012/005331 JP2012005331W WO2014030194A1 WO 2014030194 A1 WO2014030194 A1 WO 2014030194A1 JP 2012005331 W JP2012005331 W JP 2012005331W WO 2014030194 A1 WO2014030194 A1 WO 2014030194A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
speed
control unit
current
inverter
car
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2012/005331
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
一宏 大津
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to JP2014531395A priority Critical patent/JP5835493B2/ja
Priority to CN201280075227.1A priority patent/CN104540760B/zh
Priority to PCT/JP2012/005331 priority patent/WO2014030194A1/ja
Publication of WO2014030194A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014030194A1/ja

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/24—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
    • B66B1/28—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical
    • B66B1/30—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical effective on driving gear, e.g. acting on power electronics, on inverter or rectifier controlled motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
    • H02P29/60—Controlling or determining the temperature of the motor or of the drive
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an elevator power converter for driving an electric motor that converts DC power into AC power and moves a car up and down.
  • the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems.
  • the speed command value generated by the operation control unit is equal to or lower than the speed of the maintenance operation mode, the temperature rise of the MOSFET element or the rapid temperature is increased. It is an object of the present invention to provide an elevator power converter that can suppress fluctuations and extend the life of MOSFET elements.
  • the power converter for an elevator has at least two legs each having a MOSFET element and a diode element connected in antiparallel to each other as one arm, and two arms connected in series.
  • An inverter that drives an electric motor that converts DC power into AC power and raises and lowers the car, current detection means that detects the direction of current flowing between the inverter and the motor, and an automatic operation mode and rating that operates the car at the rated speed
  • a drive control unit that controls driving of the inverter based on a speed command value generated by an operation control unit having a maintenance operation mode that operates at a speed lower than the speed, and the drive control unit includes a speed command value Is below the speed of the maintenance operation mode, the current direction detected by the current detection means flows in the forward direction of the diode element, and the gate of the MOSFET element is turned off. Is shall.
  • the current direction detected by the current detection means is the diode element.
  • the gate of the MOSFET element of the arm that flows in the forward direction is turned off so that the return current flows to the diode element side of the arm and does not flow to the MOSFET element side.
  • FIG. 6 is a detailed view of the reflux current in FIG. 5. It is a drive control timing chart at the time of low speed rotation of an electric motor to which synchronous rectification is applied.
  • FIG. 9 is a detailed view of the reflux current of FIG. 8. It is a drive control timing chart at the time of low speed rotation of an electric motor which restricted synchronous rectification.
  • FIG. 11 is a detailed view of the reflux current in FIG. 10.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating an elevator to which the power conversion device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is applied.
  • an elevator includes an electric motor 1, a hoisting machine 2 connected to the rotating shaft of the electric motor 1, a rope 3 wound around the hoisting machine 2, and a car 4 hung on one end of the rope 3. And the counterweight 5 suspended at the other end, and the car 4 and the counterweight 5 are raised and lowered by the rotation of the electric motor 1.
  • a door zone detection plate 14 is provided near the floor of each landing.
  • the door zone is a range in which door opening is permitted when the car 4 stops at the landing, and the car is detected by the presence or absence of the door zone detection plate 14 by the door zone detector 15 as door zone detecting means provided on the car 4 side. It is determined whether 4 stops in a door zone that can be opened.
  • the elevator control device includes a converter 7 that converts AC power of the AC power supply 6 into DC power, an inverter 8 that converts DC power into AC power and drives the motor 1, a drive control unit 9 that controls the inverter 8, An operation control unit 10 is provided for controlling the raising and lowering of the car.
  • the converter 7 is formed of a diode or the like, converts the AC power of the AC power supply 6 into DC power, and outputs the output to the DC bus 11.
  • the DC bus 11 is connected with a capacitor 12 that smoothes the ripple of DC power.
  • the operation control unit 10 manages and controls the entire elevator.
  • the operation control unit 10 generates a position / speed command for the car 4 together with a start / stop command for the car 4, and sends an inverter drive command based on the speed command value to the drive control unit 9. Output a signal.
  • the operation control unit 10 has an automatic operation mode in which the car 4 is operated at a rated speed based on an operation from a landing or an operation panel (not shown) in the car, and a car operator 4 performs car adjustment at the time of installation adjustment or maintenance. Is operated at a speed lower than the rated speed, and switching between the automatic operation mode and the maintenance operation mode is performed from the operation mode switching unit 16.
  • the inverter 8 has six arms 20 as shown in FIG. 2, and each arm 20 is composed of a MOSFET element 21 and a diode element 22 connected in antiparallel to each other. Further, the two arms 20 are connected in series to constitute a leg 23, and the inverter 8 is constituted by three legs 23.
  • a three-phase electric motor is described as an example. However, when a single-phase electric motor is controlled, it is composed of four arms and two legs.
  • connection point between the arms 20 of each leg 23 is connected to the electric motor 1.
  • One end of the leg 23 is connected to the anode of the capacitor 12, and the other end of the leg 23 is connected to the cathode of the capacitor 12.
  • the gate of the MOSFET element 21 of each arm 20 is connected to the drive control unit 9.
  • the current path 13 between the inverter 8 and the electric motor 1 is provided with a current detector 13 using a Hall sensor as a current detection means for generating a current detection signal corresponding to the direction of current flowing through the current path.
  • the inverter 8 is controlled by the operation control unit 10 and the drive control unit 9.
  • the operation control unit 10 sends a pulsed gate drive signal (H level output during gate drive) via the drive control unit 9 so that desired power is generated from the inverter 8.
  • the drive of the inverter 8 is controlled by sending it to the gate of each arm 20 of the inverter 8.
  • the operation control unit 10 controls the driving of the inverter 8 by sending a pulsed gate drive signal to the gate of each arm 20 of the inverter 8 via the drive control unit 9 during the regenerative operation of the car 4.
  • the AC regenerative power generated from the electric motor 1 is converted to DC power.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the drive control unit 9 of FIG. In FIG. 3, only the configuration for outputting a gate drive signal to one arm 20 among the configurations for individually controlling the six arms 20 of the inverter 8 is shown in a simplified manner.
  • the drive control unit 9 includes a gate drive determination unit 9a and an AND circuit 9b.
  • the threshold value of the speed command value corresponding to the speed in the maintenance operation mode is set in the gate drive determination unit 9a at the time of shipment or installation adjustment.
  • the gate drive determination unit 9a receives control information regarding the speed command value generated by the operation control unit 10, and determines whether the speed command value is equal to or less than a threshold value. Further, the gate drive determination unit 9 a receives the current detection signal from the current detector 13 and recognizes the direction of the current flowing in the electric path between the inverter 8 and the electric motor 1. Here, the gate drive determination unit 9a determines whether the speed command value is equal to or less than the threshold value.
  • the threshold value of the speed command value is set on the operation control unit 10 side, and the gate control determination unit 9a In addition, a control signal indicating whether the speed command value is equal to or less than a threshold value may be output.
  • the gate drive determination unit 9a When the speed command value is equal to or less than the threshold value and the current flowing through the arm 20 is in the current direction flowing in the forward direction of the diode element 22, the gate drive determination unit 9a sends an L level signal to the AND circuit 9b as a drive mask signal. . On the other hand, when the speed command value exceeds the threshold value, or when the current flowing through the arm 20 does not flow in the forward direction of the diode element 22, the gate drive determination unit 9a performs AND with the H level signal as a drive mask signal. Send to circuit 9b.
  • the AND circuit 9b receives a gate drive signal from the operation control unit 10 and a drive mask signal from the gate drive determination unit 9a.
  • the AND circuit 9b uses the H level signal as the gate drive signal and the MOSFET element. Send to gate 21.
  • the AND circuit 9b gates the L level signal. A drive signal is sent to the gate of the MOSFET element 21.
  • the drive control unit 9 outputs the L level drive mask signal from the gate drive determination unit 9a.
  • the L level gate drive signal is output from the AND circuit 9b, and the gate of the MOSFET element 21 of the arm 20 is forcibly turned off. .
  • current does not flow on the MOSFET element 21 side of the arm 20 but current flows on the diode element 22 side.
  • the operation control unit 10 and the drive control unit 9 are configured by separate hardware (computer, microcomputer, etc.).
  • the present invention is not limited to this example, and the operation control unit 10 and the drive control unit 9 may be configured by the same hardware. That is, the function of the drive control unit 9 may be realized using the hardware of the operation control unit 10.
  • FIG. 5 shows a timing chart in the case where an inverter using a leg composed of FET1, FET2 and diodes D1, D2 as shown in FIG. 4 is used and the motor is rotated at high speed by applying synchronous rectification.
  • FIG. 5 shows a timing chart in the case where an inverter using a leg composed of FET1, FET2 and diodes D1, D2 as shown in FIG. 4 is used and the motor is rotated at high speed by applying synchronous rectification.
  • FIG. 5 shows a timing chart in the case where an inverter using a leg composed of FET1, FET2 and diodes D1, D2 as shown in FIG. 4 is used and the motor is rotated at high speed by applying synchronous rectification.
  • FIG. 6 shows general current-voltage characteristics of the FET and the diode.
  • the FET has a linear characteristic in which the voltage increases as the current increases.
  • the diode has a forward drop voltage when the current starts to flow. Therefore, when a return current flows through an arm in which an FET and a diode are configured in antiparallel, as shown in FIG. 6, most of the current flows to the FET side when the current value is I1 or less, and most of the diode is when the current value exceeds I1. Will flow to the side.
  • FIG. 7 shows a result of dividing the reflux current flowing through FET2 and diode D2 between time T1 and time T2 in FIG. 5 into FET2 current and D2 current.
  • FIG. 6 shows a result of dividing the reflux current flowing through FET2 and diode D2 between time T1 and time T2 in FIG. 5 into FET2 current and D2 current.
  • FIG. 8 is a timing chart when the synchronous rectification is not limited. In this example, the same current direction as from time T1 to time T2 in FIG. 5 is shown.
  • the FET1 gate drive signal is at the H level
  • the FET1 gate drive signal is at the L level (FET2 gate drive signal is at the H level)
  • the reflux current flows in the direction of Io shown in FIG. Flowing.
  • FIG. 9 shows the return current flowing in the FET 2 and the diode D2 in FIG. 8 divided into the FET 2 current and the D2 current.
  • FIG. 10 shows the timing of flowing the same current Io as in FIG. 8.
  • the FET2 gate The drive signal is set to L.
  • FIG. 11 shows the return current flowing in the FET 2 and the diode D2 in this case divided into the FET 2 current and the D2 current.
  • the FET2 gate drive signal is L, as shown in FIG. 11, the return current does not flow to FET2, but all flows to the diode D2.
  • the current detector 13 detects when the speed command value is equal to or less than the threshold value during low speed operation or when the car 4 is less than the speed of the maintenance operation mode.
  • the gate of the MOSFET element 21 of the arm 20 whose current direction is flowing in the forward direction of the diode element 22 is turned off so that the return current flows to the diode element 22 side of the arm 20 and does not flow to the MOSFET element 21. .
  • the temperature rise of MOSFET element 21 and a rapid temperature fluctuation can be suppressed, and the lifetime of MOSFET element 21 can be extended.
  • the MOSFET element 21 and the diode element 22 connected in antiparallel to each other are used as one arm 20, and at least two legs 23 formed by connecting the two arms 20 in series are provided.
  • the drive of the inverter 8 is controlled based on a speed command value generated by the operation control unit 10 having an automatic operation mode in which the car 4 is operated at a rated speed and a maintenance operation mode in which the car 4 is operated at a speed lower than the rated speed.
  • the drive control unit 9 has a speed command value equal to or lower than the speed in the maintenance operation mode, and the current direction detected by the current detector 13 is a diode element. It is to turn off the gate of the MOSFET device 21 of the arm 20 which is flowing in the forward direction of the 22
  • the current direction detected by the current detector 13 is the forward direction of the diode element 22.
  • the gate of the MOSFET element 21 of the arm 20 that is flowing is turned off so that the reflux current flows to the diode element 22 side of the arm 20 and does not flow to the MOSFET element 21 side.
  • the state where the speed command value is less than the threshold value occurs immediately before the car stops or immediately after the car starts moving up and down, and these states are frequently repeated as a general elevator operation. It is done.
  • the operation control unit 10 determines that the position of the car 4 reaches the lift position where the door of the car 4 can be opened and closed, and the door opening / closing range is detected from the door zone detector 15 that detects the door opening / closing range.
  • the speed command value may be equal to or lower than the speed in the maintenance operation mode.
  • the car 4 is always in the door zone immediately before the car 4 stops at the landing or immediately after the start of raising / lowering. In this range, the speed of the car 4 is lower than the speed of the maintenance operation mode or stopped.
  • the operation control unit 10 can be easily controlled by inputting a signal during door zone detection from the door zone detector 15 and outputting the signal as control information to the drive control unit 9.
  • the threshold value of the speed command value the capacity of the electric motor 1, the rated speed of the car 4, the rated load, and the like are different for each installation location, and it is complicated to determine an optimum value each time.
  • the speed command value to be equal to or lower than the speed of the maintenance operation mode while the door opening / closing range is detected, it is possible to reduce the troublesome calculation and setting of the threshold value for each elevator specification. Can be omitted.
  • the MOSFET element 21 and the diode element 22 in the above embodiment can be formed of silicon.
  • at least one of the MOSFET element 21 and the diode element 22 is formed of a wide band gap semiconductor having a larger band gap than silicon. It is preferable.
  • the wide band gap semiconductor for example, silicon carbide, gallium nitride-based material, or diamond can be used.
  • the effectiveness is remarkably exhibited by forming the MOSFET element 21 and the diode element 22 by the wide band gap semiconductor.
  • the MOSFET element 21 and the diode element formed of a wide band gap semiconductor have a high voltage resistance and a high allowable current density. For this reason, the MOSFET element 21 and the diode element 22 can be reduced in size. Therefore, by using these miniaturized MOSFET elements 21 and diode elements, the power converter incorporating these elements can be miniaturized.
  • the MOSFET element 21 and the diode element 22 formed of a wide band gap semiconductor have high heat resistance, it is possible to reduce the size of the heat dissipation fins of the heat sink and to cool the air of the water cooling part. Therefore, the power converter can be further downsized.
  • the MOSFET element 21 and the diode element 22 formed of a wide band gap semiconductor have low power loss. For this reason, the efficiency of the MOSFET element 21 and the diode element 22 can be increased. Therefore, the efficiency of the power converter can be increased.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Elevator Control (AREA)
PCT/JP2012/005331 2012-08-24 2012-08-24 エレベータの電力変換装置 WO2014030194A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2014531395A JP5835493B2 (ja) 2012-08-24 2012-08-24 エレベータの電力変換装置
CN201280075227.1A CN104540760B (zh) 2012-08-24 2012-08-24 电梯的电力变换装置
PCT/JP2012/005331 WO2014030194A1 (ja) 2012-08-24 2012-08-24 エレベータの電力変換装置

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2012/005331 WO2014030194A1 (ja) 2012-08-24 2012-08-24 エレベータの電力変換装置

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104803241A (zh) * 2015-03-03 2015-07-29 江苏威尔曼科技股份有限公司 新型电梯控制系统
WO2018211665A1 (ja) * 2017-05-18 2018-11-22 三菱電機株式会社 エレベータの制御装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108306321A (zh) * 2017-12-20 2018-07-20 广州智光电气股份有限公司 一种储能系统

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63225083A (ja) * 1987-03-11 1988-09-20 株式会社東芝 エレベ−タの制御装置
JPH04191261A (ja) * 1990-11-27 1992-07-09 Toshiba Corp エレベータ制御装置
JP2005137179A (ja) * 2003-10-31 2005-05-26 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 電力変換装置及び電力変換方法
JP2010017061A (ja) * 2008-07-07 2010-01-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電力変換装置及びエレベータ制御装置
JP2012029490A (ja) * 2010-07-26 2012-02-09 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 電力変換装置及び電力変換方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003306273A (ja) * 2002-04-16 2003-10-28 Toshiba Elevator Co Ltd エレベータの制御装置
JP2005162462A (ja) * 2003-12-05 2005-06-23 Mitsubishi Electric Corp エレベータの制御装置
FI121307B (fi) * 2008-04-07 2010-09-30 Kone Corp Tehonsyöttölaite ja tehonsyöttöjärjestely
FI120938B (fi) * 2009-02-06 2010-05-14 Kone Corp Järjestely ja menetelmä hissin jarrun ohjaamiseksi
FI121065B (fi) * 2009-03-05 2010-06-30 Kone Corp Hissijärjestelmä

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63225083A (ja) * 1987-03-11 1988-09-20 株式会社東芝 エレベ−タの制御装置
JPH04191261A (ja) * 1990-11-27 1992-07-09 Toshiba Corp エレベータ制御装置
JP2005137179A (ja) * 2003-10-31 2005-05-26 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 電力変換装置及び電力変換方法
JP2010017061A (ja) * 2008-07-07 2010-01-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電力変換装置及びエレベータ制御装置
JP2012029490A (ja) * 2010-07-26 2012-02-09 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 電力変換装置及び電力変換方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104803241A (zh) * 2015-03-03 2015-07-29 江苏威尔曼科技股份有限公司 新型电梯控制系统
WO2018211665A1 (ja) * 2017-05-18 2018-11-22 三菱電機株式会社 エレベータの制御装置

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CN104540760A (zh) 2015-04-22
CN104540760B (zh) 2016-08-24
JP5835493B2 (ja) 2015-12-24
JPWO2014030194A1 (ja) 2016-07-28

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