WO2014024813A1 - Buse de pulvérisation et brûleur et dispositif de combustion équipés de celle-ci - Google Patents

Buse de pulvérisation et brûleur et dispositif de combustion équipés de celle-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014024813A1
WO2014024813A1 PCT/JP2013/071102 JP2013071102W WO2014024813A1 WO 2014024813 A1 WO2014024813 A1 WO 2014024813A1 JP 2013071102 W JP2013071102 W JP 2013071102W WO 2014024813 A1 WO2014024813 A1 WO 2014024813A1
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Prior art keywords
spray
spray nozzle
fluid
combustion
flow path
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PCT/JP2013/071102
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
洋文 岡▲崎▼
倉増　公治
英雄 沖本
折井　明仁
健一 越智
Original Assignee
バブコック日立株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by バブコック日立株式会社 filed Critical バブコック日立株式会社
Priority to EP13827932.8A priority Critical patent/EP2881662B1/fr
Priority to KR1020157003083A priority patent/KR101591634B1/ko
Publication of WO2014024813A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014024813A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/02—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
    • B05B1/04—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape in flat form, e.g. fan-like, sheet-like
    • B05B1/044—Slits, i.e. narrow openings defined by two straight and parallel lips; Elongated outlets for producing very wide discharges, e.g. fluid curtains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/025—Nozzles having elongated outlets, e.g. slots, for the material to be sprayed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0483—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with gas and liquid jets intersecting in the mixing chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F23D11/101—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F23D11/101—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet
    • F23D11/102—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet in an internal mixing chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F23D11/101—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet
    • F23D11/104—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet intersecting at a sharp angle, e.g. Y-jet atomiser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F23D11/12—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlets from the nozzle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/38—Nozzles; Cleaning devices therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/007—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel liquid or pulverulent fuel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a spray nozzle, a burner including the spray nozzle, and a combustion apparatus, and more particularly to a spray nozzle suitable for atomizing a spray fluid (liquid) using a spray medium (gas) and a burner including the spray nozzle. And a combustion apparatus.
  • a floating combustion method that horizontally burns fuel is often employed.
  • the fuel is atomized by a spray nozzle and burned in a furnace in a combustion apparatus.
  • the spray nozzle as described above is used for combustion of auxiliary fuel for starting and flame stabilization in a combustion apparatus using solid fuel as a main fuel, such as pulverized coal, in addition to a combustion apparatus using liquid fuel as a main fuel. Often installed.
  • liquid fuel In the combustion of liquid fuel, if the spray particle size is large, the combustion reaction is delayed, and the combustion efficiency is lowered and soot, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides are likely to be generated. Also, liquid fuel is poorly mixed with combustion air, and if the combustion air around the spray particles is insufficient, soot and carbon monoxide are likely to be generated.
  • the spray nozzle As a type of the spray nozzle, there is a two-fluid spray method in which air or steam is supplied as a spray medium for atomization in addition to the spray fluid and is atomized by mixing with the spray fluid.
  • This two-fluid spraying method has good atomization even with a large volume of spray compared to spraying with only the spray fluid, and is generally used in high-load combustion devices such as boilers for power generation. It is a problem to reduce the amount of spraying and the amount of pressurization of the spray fluid and spray medium during spraying.
  • the steam introduced into the combustion apparatus becomes moisture in the combustion exhaust gas.
  • the thermal efficiency in the combustion device decreases.
  • the mixed fluid after mixing the spray fluid and the spray medium is supplied in opposition to the vicinity of the outlet hole provided at the tip of the spray nozzle and atomized by colliding the flow of the opposed mixed fluid.
  • An example of promoting is described in Patent Document 1.
  • the spray medium is mixed with the spray fluid in the flow path upstream of the spray nozzle outlet hole, and the mixed fluid is collided in the vicinity of the outlet hole.
  • the collision force of the spray fluid becomes stronger and finer than in the case of a single fluid.
  • a method for achieving both a large capacity for increasing the spray amount of liquid fuel per spray nozzle and atomization of the liquid fuel a method of increasing the number of outlet holes provided at the tip of the spray nozzle is common. By increasing the outlet holes of the spray nozzle, the capacity can be increased without increasing the size of the individual outlet holes.
  • Patent Document 2 can be cited as an example of the spray nozzle having a plurality of outlet holes of the spray nozzle.
  • Patent Document 2 describes an example of a so-called intermediate mixing type spray nozzle that mixes a spray fluid and a spray medium in the middle of a flow path.
  • Patent Document 3 describes an example of a so-called internal mixing type spray nozzle in which a spray fluid and a spray medium are mixed in a space upstream of a spray nozzle outlet hole.
  • the above-described two-fluid spray nozzle described in Patent Document 1 is provided with a spray fluid (liquid) channel inside the spray nozzle and a spray medium (gas) channel at the outer peripheral position thereof.
  • the flow direction of the spray fluid and the spray medium is changed by the partition wall surrounding the outlet hole provided at the tip of the spray nozzle, and both the flow paths intersect to mix the spray fluid and the spray medium.
  • the flow path of the mixed fluid is configured to be opposed in the vicinity of the outlet hole of the spray nozzle.
  • the above (1) and (2) are contradictory items because the other weakens when trying to strengthen one. That is, when the momentum of the spray fluid is increased and the effect of (1) is increased, the momentum of the spray medium is relatively weaker than that of the spray fluid, and the effect of (2) is weakened due to delay in mixing. On the contrary, if the flow rate and flow velocity of the spray medium are increased and the effect (2) is increased, the spray fluid is less likely to collide with the partition walls, and the effect (1) is weakened.
  • the liquid fuel flowing as the spray fluid is heated by the radiant heat from the inside of the combustion apparatus, and the solid content in the liquid fuel may be deposited.
  • the flow path is closed, and the closed section expands to the upstream side of the flow path, making maintenance difficult.
  • Patent Document 3 has a wide space (mixing chamber) in which the spray fluid and the spray medium are mixed, if a part of the spray nozzle outlet hole is blocked, the flow state in the mixing chamber changes, and the spray fluid and the spray medium It is difficult to maintain a constant ratio.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a spray nozzle capable of promoting atomization of a spray fluid and reducing both the amount of spray medium used and the pressure applied.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a burner including the same and a combustion apparatus.
  • the spray nozzle of the present invention has at least two spray fluid passages through which the spray fluid flows, and a spray medium flows, and joins at each of the spray fluid passages and the first junction.
  • the mixed fluid of the spraying fluid and the spraying medium merged in at least two spraying medium flow paths and the respective first merging portions flows, and is formed to face each other, so that the mixed fluid becomes a facing flow.
  • At least two mixed fluid flow paths having a second merge section that collides and merges, and an outlet hole that ejects the mixed fluid merged at the second merge section, A bent portion that changes a flow direction of the mixed fluid is formed between the first merging portion and the second merging portion.
  • the burner of the present invention is a burner that uses liquid fuel as fuel, uses the spray nozzle having the above-described configuration, and uses the liquid fuel as the spray fluid as a tip of the spray nozzle. Supplying steam or compressed air to the tip of the spray nozzle as the spray medium, Alternatively, a burner having a fuel nozzle for ejecting solid fuel and its carrier gas, a spray nozzle for spraying liquid fuel, and a combustion gas nozzle for ejecting combustion gas for burning the solid fuel or liquid fuel, As the spray nozzle, the spray nozzle configured as described above is used, the liquid fuel is supplied as the spray fluid to the tip of the spray nozzle, and the vapor or compressed air is supplied as the spray medium to the tip of the spray nozzle. It is characterized by.
  • the combustion apparatus of the present invention is a combustion apparatus for burning a solid fuel and a liquid fuel, a combustion furnace for burning the fuel, and a solid fuel for supplying the solid fuel to the combustion furnace
  • a supply system ; a liquid fuel supply system for supplying liquid fuel to the combustion furnace; a combustion gas supply system for supplying combustion gas to the combustion furnace; and the fuel supply system and the combustion gas supply system.
  • Example 1 of the spray nozzle of the present invention is shown, and is a cross-sectional view of the tip of the spray nozzle. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. It is a characteristic figure which shows an example of the atomization performance in Example 1 of the spray nozzle of this invention, and shows the relationship between the bending part change angle of a mixed fluid flow path, the average particle diameter of spray, and a pressure loss ratio.
  • Example 2 of the spray nozzle of this invention is shown, and it is sectional drawing of the spray nozzle front-end
  • Example 3 of the spray nozzle of the present invention is shown and is a plan view of the tip of the spray nozzle. It is sectional drawing which follows the AA line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the BB line of FIG.
  • the spray nozzle of the present invention the burner including the spray nozzle, and the combustion apparatus will be described.
  • the same reference numerals are used for the same parts.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a burner equipped with the spray nozzle of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a combustion apparatus equipped with the burner.
  • the burner 20 of this embodiment has a central axis 21 through which a spray nozzle 1 and a spray fluid (liquid fuel) and a spray medium (such as steam or compressed air) flow.
  • An obstacle 22 for stabilizing the flame is provided near the tip of 21.
  • the fuel is injected from the spray nozzle 1 to form a fan-shaped spray 23.
  • the obstacle 22 is generally a swirling flow generator or a baffle plate having a slit.
  • the combustion air is supplied from the wind box 24 in three flow paths. That is, the three flow paths are the primary flow path 25, the secondary flow path 26, and the tertiary flow path 27 from the side closer to the spray nozzle 1 at the center of the burner 20, and the primary flow path 25, the secondary flow path From the flow path 26 and the tertiary flow path 27, the primary air 28, the secondary air 29, and the tertiary air 30, respectively, are jetted into the furnace 31 as combustion air.
  • combustion air is changed in the direction of jetting of the combustion air by the swirling flow generators 32 and 33 and the guide plate 34, so that generation of soot and NOx is suppressed.
  • the flow rate of the combustion air is controlled by dampers (not shown) provided in the flow paths.
  • the burner 20 is connected to a furnace wall 35, and a heat transfer tube 36 is provided on the furnace wall 35 for heat recovery. As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of burners 20 are installed on the furnace wall 35 (two locations in FIG. 2). Each burner 20 has a combustion air supply system 41, a liquid fuel supply system 42, and a spraying fuel. A medium supply system 43 is connected.
  • the combustion air supply system 41 is branched into a pipe 45 connected to the burner 20 and a pipe 46 connected to the air supply port 44 on the downstream side thereof.
  • a flow control valve (not shown) is connected.
  • the liquid fuel supply system 42 and the spray medium supply system 43 are connected to a supply device (not shown) for adjusting pressure and flow rate on the upstream side, and the spray nozzle 1 is installed at the downstream end thereof. ing.
  • the spray nozzle 1 is characterized in that a bent portion whose flow direction changes is provided in the mixed fluid flow path between the outlet from the mixing portion for mixing the spray fluid and the spray medium. Yes.
  • the spray fluid 2 and the spray medium 3 in this embodiment pass through the independent spray fluid channels 4 and 5 and the spray medium channels 6 and 7 constituting the spray nozzle 1 and spray. Mixing is performed in the middle of the fluid flow paths 4 and 5.
  • the mixed fluid 8 of the spray fluid 2 and the spray medium 3 passes through the mixed fluid flow paths 9 and 10 that flow opposite to each other, collides in the vicinity of the outlet hole 11 of the spray nozzle 1, and is ejected from the outlet hole 11. .
  • the mixed fluid 8 ejected from the outlet hole 11 forms a fan-shaped spray in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the mixed fluid channels 9 and 10 (the direction in which the mixed fluid channel extends) due to a collision near the outlet hole 11. Is done.
  • a groove portion 12 is formed in the outlet hole 11 of the spray nozzle 1 in the same direction as the fan-shaped spray formation direction, and an intersection portion of the groove portion 12 and the mixed fluid flow paths 9 and 10 becomes the outlet hole 11.
  • the atomizing fluid 2 is atomized by mixing with the atomizing medium 3 and becomes a thin liquid film by the collision of the mixed fluid 8 at the outlet hole 11, and the liquid film is split by the shearing force with the surrounding gas after being ejected from the outlet hole 11. And atomize.
  • Such a spraying method that atomizes by the impact force of the fluid is generally referred to as fan spraying.
  • the fluid spreads in a right angle direction, so the momentum of the spray decreases.
  • the spray tends to spread on the outer periphery of the spray, and a thin liquid film is formed, so that the number of fine particles (diameter less than 100 ⁇ m) increases. Due to the low momentum, the fine particles tend to stay near the spray nozzle.
  • Particles that have been atomized to a diameter of less than 100 ⁇ m, preferably 50 ⁇ m or less hereinafter referred to as “fine particles”) have a large surface area in the volume, and are likely to burn by being heated by heat radiation from the furnace.
  • the degree of atomization can be adjusted by the pressure of the mixed fluid and the amount of the spray medium (ratio of the spray medium to the spray fluid).
  • the central portion of the fan spray type spray has a larger flow rate than the outer peripheral portion and the spray is difficult to spread, a thick liquid film is formed compared to the outer peripheral portion. For this reason, there are many large particles (diameter 100 to 300 ⁇ m). Large particles have a higher momentum than fine particles and are easy to mix with combustion air flowing in a distant position, but the combustion reaction is delayed as compared with fine particles.
  • the spray fluid 2 and the spray medium 3 have different densities and viscosities, it may be difficult to mix them.
  • the mixed fluid flow paths 9 and 10 are short and linear, it can be considered that both flow to the outlet hole 11 without mixing.
  • the portion of the mixed fluid 8 where the ratio of the spraying medium 3 is high is atomized, the portion where the ratio of the spraying medium 3 is low is not atomized and large particles are likely to be generated.
  • the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment is a mixture that is formed to face each other from the portion (first merge portion) where the flow channels of the spray fluid 2 and the spray medium 3 merge in the above-described flow channel configuration.
  • Bending portions 13 and 14 are provided in the mixed fluid flow passages 9 and 10 between the outlet holes 11 in the portion (second confluence portion) where the mixed fluid 8 flowing through the fluid flow passages 9 and 10 joins.
  • the flow direction of the mixed fluid 8 is changed by providing the mixed fluid flow paths 9 and 10 with the bent portions 13 and 14. Therefore, the flow of the mixed fluid flow paths 9 and 10 is disturbed, and mixing of the spray fluid 2 and the spray medium 3 constituting the mixed fluid 8 proceeds.
  • the ratio of the atomizing medium 3 in the mixed fluid 8 becomes uniform, and the atomization progresses uniformly. Therefore, the amount of the atomizing medium 3 necessary for promoting atomization can be suppressed. Even if the pressure applied to the spray fluid 2 or the spray medium 3 is reduced, atomization can be maintained.
  • the change angle of the flow direction at the bent portions 13 and 14 is desirably about 30 to 120 degrees in order to cause disturbance. That is, when the change angle is 30 degrees or less, the change in the flow direction is small, so there is little turbulence and mixing is hardly promoted. When the change angle is 120 degrees or more, the pressure loss due to the change in flow increases.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of atomization performance of the spray nozzle 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • the left vertical axis represents the average particle diameter of the spray
  • the right vertical axis represents the pressure loss ratio
  • the horizontal axis represents the change angle of the flow direction at the bent portions 13 and 14. Pressure loss was based on a change angle of 90 degrees.
  • the average particle size of the spray is determined by optical measurement of the sprayed particle size in the long side direction and the short side direction passing through the central axis of the fan type spray at a position 300 mm downstream of the spray for the fan type spray ejected from the outlet hole 11. It is measured and the average value is shown by the body area average particle diameter.
  • the average particle diameter of the spray is about 10 ⁇ m larger than the change angle is 30 degrees. This is because when the bent portions 13 and 14 are at a small angle, the change in the flow direction is small, so that there is little turbulence and it is difficult to promote mixing. On the other hand, at an angle of 120 degrees or more, the pressure loss due to the flow change becomes large.
  • the change angle for causing the disturbance of the flow direction at the bent portions 13 and 14 is desirably 30 degrees or more and 120 degrees.
  • the mixing part of the spray fluid flow paths 4 and 5 of the spray fluid 2 and the spray medium 3 and the spray medium flow paths 6 and 7 promotes the mixing of the both, so that the crossing angle is 30 to 90 degrees. It is desirable to merge. That is, when the angle is less than 30 degrees, the change in the flow direction is small, and both flow in parallel, so that mixing is difficult to be promoted. Because.
  • the surface area per unit weight of the liquid fuel increases due to atomization, so that the combustion reaction proceeds, the unburned matter, soot and carbon monoxide at the outlet of the combustion device are reduced, and the combustion efficiency is improved.
  • the amount of unburned dust, soot, and carbon monoxide can be reduced, so that excess air introduced into the combustion apparatus can be reduced.
  • excess air reduces the amount of combustion exhaust gas will also fall, the sensible heat discharge
  • liquid fuel is used as the combustion device, but it is also applicable to the case where solid fuel such as pulverized coal is used as the main fuel and liquid fuel is used as the auxiliary fuel.
  • solid fuel such as pulverized coal
  • liquid fuel is used as the auxiliary fuel.
  • the combustion air is branched into pipes 45 and 46 and injected into the furnace 31 from the burner 20 and the air supply port 44, respectively.
  • the temperature of the flame formed with the burner 20 can be reduced by supplying combustion air separately.
  • the NOx concentration at the outlet of the furnace 31 is reduced as compared with the case where all the combustion air is supplied from the burner 20. Further, by supplying the remaining combustion air from the air supply port 44 and completely burning the fuel, the amount of unburned fuel can be reduced.
  • combustion gas 47 mixed with the combustion air from the air supply port 44 passes through the flue 49 via the heat exchanger 48 at the top of the furnace 31 and is discharged from the chimney 50 to the atmosphere.
  • the spray nozzle of the present embodiment is also used when the combustion air is not branched and is supplied only from the burner 20. 1 can be applied.
  • the burner 20 is provided on one wall surface of the furnace 31 is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the present invention can be applied to the case where the burner 20 is provided on a plurality of wall surfaces or the corner portion of the wall surface.
  • the flow direction of the mixed fluid changes by providing a bent portion between the flow path of the mixed fluid in which the spray fluid and the spray medium are mixed.
  • the flow of the mixed fluid flowing through the flow path is disturbed, and mixing of the spray fluid and the spray medium proceeds.
  • the ratio of the spray medium in the mixed fluid becomes uniform, and the atomization progresses uniformly.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show a second embodiment of the spray nozzle of the present invention.
  • the present embodiment shown in the figure has a plurality of outlet holes in the spray nozzle 1 and a plurality of second merging portions where the mixed fluids flowing through the mixed fluid flow passages formed opposite to each other join each other. Between the first and second merging portions where the flow paths of the spraying medium and the merging medium merge, there are communication channels that connect the plurality of second merging portions.
  • the difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that the spray nozzle 1 has a plurality of outlet holes 11A and 11B and the flow path structure on the upstream side of the outlet holes 11A and 11B.
  • the description will focus on the portion related to the channel structure.
  • FIG. 6 shows a case where there are two upper and lower outlet holes, which are distinguished by subscripts A and B, respectively, but the configuration is the same when more outlet holes are provided.
  • the spray fluid 2 and the spray medium 3 are separated from the spray fluid flow paths 4A, 4B, 5A, and 5B and the spray medium flow path 6A, respectively. It passes through 6B, 7A and 7B and is mixed at the first junction through the bent portions 13A, 13B, 14A and 14B.
  • the mixed fluid 8 of the spray fluid 2 and the spray medium 3 passes through the mixed fluid flow paths 9A, 9B, 10A, and 10B that flow in opposition to each other, in the vicinity of the outlet holes 11A and 11B that are the second merging portions. Colliding and ejecting from the respective outlet holes 11A and 11B.
  • the mixed fluid 8 ejected from the outlet holes 11A and 11B forms a fan-shaped spray in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the mixed fluid channels 9A, 9B, 10A, and 10B (the direction in which the mixed fluid channel extends) by collision.
  • Grooves 12A and 12B are formed in the outlet holes 11A and 11B of the spray nozzle 1 in the same direction as the fan spray formation direction, and the grooves 12A and 12B intersect the mixed fluid flow paths 9A, 9B, 10A and 10B. The parts become outlet holes 11A and 11B.
  • the mixed fluid flow paths 10A and 10B in the central part are connected to the outlet holes 11A and 11B by a connecting pipe (connecting flow path) 60 that connects the two to each other.
  • the mixed fluid flow paths 9A and 9B on the outer peripheral side are connected to the outlet holes 11A and 11B by branch pipes (communication flow paths) 61 (see FIG. 7) that connect the two to each other.
  • the atomizing fluid 2 is atomized by mixing with the atomizing medium 3 and, of course, a thin liquid film is formed by the collision of the mixed fluid 8 at the outlet holes 11A and 11B, and after being ejected from the outlet holes 11A and 11B, The liquid film is split and atomized by the shearing force.
  • the liquid film is atomized by the collision force of the fluid, and the mixed fluid flow paths 9 and 10 have the bent portions 13 and 14 as in the first embodiment, so that the spray fluid 2 and the spray medium 3 can be mixed. Promoted and atomized.
  • the amount of spray from the spray nozzle 1 can be increased without increasing the amount of spray from one outlet hole.
  • the problem of increasing the volume of the spray nozzle 1 is that the atomization performance is deteriorated when the outlet hole is partially blocked and the flow path is blocked.
  • the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment when a part of the outlet holes 11A and 11B is blocked by impurities or deposits in the spray fluid 2 or the spray medium 3, or when part of the outlet holes 11A and 11B is blocked, mixing that leads to the corresponding outlet hole In the flow path of the fluid 8, the fluid flows through the flow paths of the mixed fluid 8, the spray fluid 2, and the spray medium 3 through the branch pipe 61 toward the other outlet holes that are opened. Thus, the temperature is maintained.
  • the mixed fluid 8 flows to the outlet hole 11B through the branch pipe 61 in the upstream side of the mixed fluid channel 9A and the spray fluid channel 4A and the spray medium channel 6A. Further, in the mixed fluid flow path 10A, the spray fluid flow path 5A and the spray medium flow path 7A upstream thereof, the fluid flows through the connecting pipe 60 to the outlet hole 11B.
  • the branch pipe is used. Since the flow can be maintained toward the outlet hole that is opened through 61, the blockage hardly progresses.
  • the blocked portion remains from the outlet hole to the branch pipe 61 and can be easily removed.
  • the blocked portion remains in a portion near the outlet hole 11A in the mixed fluid flow paths 9A and 10A.
  • the spray fluid 2 and the spray medium 3 are individually mixed in the mixing section in the middle of the flow path, and the ratio of the spray medium 3 to the mixed fluid 8 can be maintained. For this reason, the atomization characteristic of the mixed fluid 8 ejected from each outlet hole can be maintained constant.
  • the atomization characteristics of the mixed fluid 8 ejected from the normal outlet holes can be maintained constant. Moreover, since the blockage
  • the atomization of the mixed fluid 8 can be maintained, the amount of the spray medium 3 used can be suppressed. Moreover, also when raising the pressurizing force of the spray fluid 2 or the spraying medium 3 in order to supplement the ejection amount, the increase in the pressurizing force can be suppressed.
  • the atomization of the mixed fluid 8 increases the surface area per unit weight of the liquid fuel, so that the combustion reaction proceeds, reducing unburned matter, soot and carbon monoxide at the combustion device outlet, and improving the combustion efficiency. Can be high. Moreover, by accelerating the combustion reaction, consumption of oxygen progresses and generation of nitrogen oxides can be suppressed.
  • the energy consumption used for each supply and pressurization can be reduced.
  • the thermal efficiency of the combustion apparatus due to the steam introduced into the combustion apparatus is lowered.
  • the spray nozzle 1 of this embodiment is used, the amount of steam used can be reduced.
  • the atomization of the mixed fluid 8 can be maintained at the same level as in the past, it is possible to prevent a decrease in thermal efficiency.
  • the spray nozzle 1 has a plurality of outlet holes, and the mixed fluid flow path branches into a plurality downstream of the first joining portion where the flow paths of the spray fluid and the spray medium merge.
  • the branched mixed fluid channel forms a channel connected to each of the different outlet holes.
  • the difference between the present embodiment and the second embodiment is the flow path structure on the upstream side of the outlet holes 11A and 11B.
  • the description will focus on the portion related to the channel structure. 8 to 10 show the case where the upper and lower outlet holes 11A and 11B are provided, the configuration is the same when a larger number of outlet holes are provided.
  • the spray fluid 2 and the spray medium 3 pass through the independent spray fluid channels 4A and 4B and the spray medium channels 6A and 6B, and the first Mixed at the junction.
  • the mixed fluid 8 of the spray fluid 2 and the spray medium 3 passes through the mixed fluid flow paths 9A and 9B.
  • the mixed fluid flow paths 9A and 9B are branched in the middle, and further branched into annular mixed fluid flow paths 9C, 9D, 9E, and 9F shown by dotted lines in FIG. 8, and mixed fluids toward the outlet holes 11A and 11B, respectively. 8 flows.
  • the outlet holes 11A and 11B of the spray nozzle 1 in this embodiment are provided concentrically with respect to the central axis of the spray nozzle 1, and the first through the branched mixed fluid flow paths 9C, 9D, 9E, and 9F.
  • the flow path to the 2 junctions is formed circumferentially with respect to the central axis of the spray nozzle 1.
  • the mixed fluid 8 collides in the vicinity of the outlet holes 11A and 11B, which are the second merging portions, and is ejected from the outlet holes 11A and 11B.
  • the mixed fluid 8 ejected from the outlet holes 11A and 11B forms a fan-shaped spray in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction (circumferential direction in FIG. 8) of the mixed fluid flow paths 9C, 9D, 9E, and 9F by collision. .
  • spray is formed in the radial direction with respect to the central axis of the spray nozzle 1.
  • Grooves 12A and 12B are formed in the outlet holes 11A and 11B of the spray nozzle 1 in the same direction (radial direction) as the fan-shaped spray formation direction, and the intersections between the grooves 12A and 12B and the mixed fluid flow path are outlets. It becomes hole 11A, 11B.
  • the atomizing fluid 2 is atomized by mixing with the atomizing medium 3 and becomes a thin liquid film due to the collision of the mixed fluid 8 at the outlet holes 11A and 11B, and is ejected from the outlet holes 11A and 11B by the shearing force with the surrounding gas.
  • the liquid film breaks up and atomizes.
  • the liquid film is atomized by the collision force of the fluid, and as shown in the first and second embodiments, the mixed fluid flow path has the bent portions 13 and 14, so that the spray fluid 2 and the spray medium 3 are used. Is promoted and atomization proceeds.
  • the spray nozzle 1 of the present embodiment when a part of the outlet hole is blocked by the impurities or deposits in the spray fluid 2 or the spray medium 3, or partially blocked, In the flow path of the mixed fluid 8 connected to the corresponding outlet hole, the fluid flows through the branch pipe 61 and the flow path of the mixed fluid 8, the spray fluid 2, and the spray medium 3 toward the other opened outlet holes. Each channel is maintained at a temperature by a fluid.
  • the branch pipe 61 is provided. After that, since the flow can be maintained toward the outlet hole that is open, the blockage hardly progresses.
  • the blocked portion remains from the outlet hole to the branch pipe 61 and can be easily removed.
  • the blocked portion remains in the mixed fluid flow paths 9C and 9E close to the outlet hole 11A in the mixed fluid flow path 9A.
  • the spray fluid 2 and the spray medium 3 are individually mixed in the mixing part in the middle of the flow path, and the ratio of the spray medium 3 to the mixed fluid 8 can be maintained.
  • the atomization characteristics of the mixed fluid 8 ejected from the individual outlet holes can be maintained constant.
  • the atomization of the mixed fluid 8 can be maintained, the amount of the spray medium 3 used can be suppressed. Moreover, also when raising the pressurizing force of the spray fluid 2 or the spraying medium 3 in order to supplement the ejection amount, the increase in the pressurizing force can be suppressed.
  • this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned Example, Various modifications are included.
  • the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described.
  • a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une buse de pulvérisation avec laquelle une atomisation d'un fluide de pulvérisation peut être favorisée et la quantité d'un milieu de pulvérisation utilisé, ainsi que la pressurisation du milieu de pulvérisation, peuvent être réduites. Cette buse de pulvérisation est caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comprend : au moins deux trajets d'écoulement de fluide de pulvérisation dans lesquels un fluide de pulvérisation s'écoule ; au moins deux trajets d'écoulement de milieu de pulvérisation qui convergent avec un trajet d'écoulement de fluide de pulvérisation respectif en une première partie de convergence ; au moins deux trajets d'écoulement de fluide mixte dans lesquels le mélange de fluides du fluide de pulvérisation et du milieu de pulvérisation qui ont convergé aux premières parties de convergence respectives s'écoule, et qui sont formés à l'opposé l'un de l'autre et ont une seconde partie de convergence dans laquelle le mélange de fluides devient des écoulements opposés qui viennent en collision et convergent ; et un trou de sortie à partir duquel les mélanges de fluides qui ont convergé à la seconde partie de convergence sont pulvérisés. De plus, des parties de coude qui changent la direction de l'écoulement du fluide mixte sont formées dans les trajets d'écoulement de fluide mixte, dans l'intervalle entre les premières parties de convergence et la seconde partie de convergence.
PCT/JP2013/071102 2012-08-06 2013-08-05 Buse de pulvérisation et brûleur et dispositif de combustion équipés de celle-ci WO2014024813A1 (fr)

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EP13827932.8A EP2881662B1 (fr) 2012-08-06 2013-08-05 Buse de pulvérisation et brûleur et dispositif de combustion équipés de celle-ci
KR1020157003083A KR101591634B1 (ko) 2012-08-06 2013-08-05 분무 노즐 및 그것을 구비한 버너와 연소 장치

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JP2012-173996 2012-08-06
JP2012173996A JP6029375B2 (ja) 2012-08-06 2012-08-06 噴霧ノズル及びそれを備えたバーナ並びに燃焼装置

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EP2955444A1 (fr) * 2014-06-12 2015-12-16 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd. Atomiseur, dispositif de combustion comprenant un atomiseur et installation de turbine à gaz
CN107083258A (zh) * 2017-06-23 2017-08-22 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 一种气化烧嘴装置

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JP5758926B2 (ja) * 2013-01-28 2015-08-05 佐々木　勉 ミスト発生方法、ミスト発生装置
JP6491898B2 (ja) * 2015-02-05 2019-03-27 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 噴霧ノズルおよび噴霧ノズルを用いた燃焼装置、ガスタービンプラント
CN106122954B (zh) * 2016-06-30 2018-03-20 南通业顺机械制造有限公司 一种高精度燃烧器系统
KR101930009B1 (ko) * 2016-11-30 2018-12-17 주식회사 컴버스텍 고온 가압 환경용 버너
DE102017113207A1 (de) 2017-06-15 2018-12-20 Alfons Kenter Zerstäuberdüse zum Zerstäuben eines Fluids
FR3068113B1 (fr) 2017-06-27 2019-08-23 Safran Helicopter Engines Injecteur de carburant a jet plat pour une turbomachine d'aeronef
JP7003983B2 (ja) * 2019-10-18 2022-01-21 株式会社デンソー 液体噴射ノズル及び車両のセンサ洗浄装置

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EP2955444A1 (fr) * 2014-06-12 2015-12-16 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd. Atomiseur, dispositif de combustion comprenant un atomiseur et installation de turbine à gaz
CN105318352A (zh) * 2014-06-12 2016-02-10 三菱日立电力系统株式会社 喷雾喷嘴、具备喷雾喷嘴的燃烧装置及燃气轮机设备
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CN107083258B (zh) * 2017-06-23 2024-03-26 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 一种气化烧嘴装置

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KR20150036393A (ko) 2015-04-07
JP6029375B2 (ja) 2016-11-24
EP2881662A1 (fr) 2015-06-10
EP2881662A4 (fr) 2016-04-06
KR101591634B1 (ko) 2016-02-03
EP2881662B1 (fr) 2017-07-19

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