WO2014017413A1 - 発電素子 - Google Patents
発電素子 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014017413A1 WO2014017413A1 PCT/JP2013/069734 JP2013069734W WO2014017413A1 WO 2014017413 A1 WO2014017413 A1 WO 2014017413A1 JP 2013069734 W JP2013069734 W JP 2013069734W WO 2014017413 A1 WO2014017413 A1 WO 2014017413A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- magnetostrictive
- pressing
- power generation
- power generating
- generating element
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000807 Ga alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000828 alnico Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N35/00—Magnetostrictive devices
- H10N35/101—Magnetostrictive devices with mechanical input and electrical output, e.g. generators, sensors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power generation element.
- This power generating element includes, for example, a pair of magnetostrictive rods provided together, a connecting yoke for connecting these magnetostrictive rods, a coil provided so as to surround each magnetostrictive rod, and a permanent magnet that applies a bias magnetic field to the magnetostrictive rods. And a back yoke.
- a pair of magnetostrictive rods provided together, a connecting yoke for connecting these magnetostrictive rods, a coil provided so as to surround each magnetostrictive rod, and a permanent magnet that applies a bias magnetic field to the magnetostrictive rods.
- a back yoke When an external force is applied to the connecting yoke in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod, one of the magnetostrictive rods is deformed to expand, and the other magnetostrictive rod is deformed to contract. At this time, the density of magnetic lines passing through each magnetostrictive rod (magnetic flux density), that is, the density
- tensile stress is selectively generated in one magnetostrictive rod and compressive stress is selectively generated in the other magnetostrictive rod.
- both a tensile stress and a compressive stress are generated in one magnetostrictive rod. That is, it is difficult to generate a uniform stress on one magnetostrictive rod.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a power generation element that can generate power efficiently with a relatively simple configuration.
- At least one columnar magnetostrictive body that is made of a magnetostrictive material and that passes magnetic lines of force in the axial direction;
- a pressing body provided with a pressing portion arranged to press the magnetostrictive body by rotation and a rod-shaped portion for rotating the pressing portion;
- the magnetic field lines are arranged so as to pass in the axial direction, and a coil that generates a voltage based on a change in density thereof,
- the pressing portion is rotated by rotation around the rotation center of the rod-shaped portion, and the magnetostrictive body is pressed and compressed by the pressing portion to change the density of the lines of magnetic force.
- the pressing body includes a central portion that rotates around the rotation center, The power generation element according to (1), wherein the pressing portion is provided so as to protrude to the side of the central portion, and the rod-shaped portion is connected to the central portion at a position different from the pressing portion.
- the at least one magnetostrictive body includes two magnetostrictive bodies arranged on both sides via the rotation center, and the two magnetostrictive bodies are alternately pressed by the pressing portion.
- the electric power generation element in any one of.
- the power generating element according to (8) further including a loop forming body that is made of a magnetic material and that forms a loop in which the lines of magnetic force generated by the magnet return to the magnet together with the magnetostrictive body and the pressing portion.
- the power generation is performed only by compressing the magnetostrictive body, it is not necessary to firmly join the members. For this reason, it is possible to efficiently generate power with a relatively simple configuration.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the power generating element of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the power generation element shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of the center of the power generation element shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the magnetostrictive body of the power generating element shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the permanent magnet of the power generation element shown in FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 7 is an analysis diagram in which the stress generated in the magnetostrictive body is analyzed when there is an action point that presses the magnetostrictive body between the fulcrum of the rod-shaped portion and the force point that applies force to the rod-shaped portion.
- FIG. 8 is an analysis diagram in which stress generated in the magnetostrictive body of the power generation element shown in FIG. 1 is analyzed.
- FIG. 9 is an analysis diagram in which stress generated in the magnetostrictive body of the power generation element shown in FIG. 1 is analyzed.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the power generating element of the present invention. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment of the power generating element of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of the center of the power generation element shown in FIG.
- FIG. 14 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the center of the fourth embodiment of the power generating element of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of the center of the fifth embodiment of the power generating element of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the center of the sixth embodiment of the power generating element of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the power generating element of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the power generating element shown in FIG. 1
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of the center of the power generating element shown in FIG. 4
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the power generating element shown in FIG. 1 near the magnet
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. FIG.
- FIGS. 1 to 6 the upper side in FIGS. 1 to 6 is referred to as “upper” or “upper”, and the lower side is referred to as “lower” or “lower”.
- the front side of the paper in FIGS. 1 to 3 and 6 is referred to as “front” or “front”, and the back side of the paper is referred to as “rear” or “rear”.
- the right side in FIGS. 1 to 3 and 6 is referred to as “right” or “right”, and the left side is referred to as “left” or “left”.
- the power generating element 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is rotated with respect to the base 2, the yoke 3 provided on the base 2, a pair of permanent magnets 41 and 42 provided on the yoke 3, and the base 2.
- the pressing body 5 is provided, a pair of magnetostrictive bodies 61 and 62 provided on the pressing body 5 corresponding to the permanent magnets 41 and 42, and the coil 7 through which the yoke 3 is inserted. .
- the magnetostrictive body 61 and the permanent magnets 41 and 42 are moved by rotation about the rotation center of the pressing body 5, that is, by rotation in the left-right direction as shown in FIG. 62 are compressed in their axial direction.
- the magnetic permeability of the magnetostrictive bodies 61 and 62 changes, and the density of magnetic lines passing through the magnetostrictive bodies 61 and 62 (density of magnetic lines passing through the coil 7) changes. Will occur.
- the base 2 is a member for supporting each part and has a flat plate shape.
- the base 2 is also used for fixing the power generating element 1 to a housing or the like.
- a recess 21 is formed on the front side of the base 2.
- the coil 7 is disposed in the recess 21.
- a pair of plate-like bearings 22, 23 are formed on the rear side of the base 2 so as to protrude upward, and through-holes 221, 231 penetrating in the thickness direction are formed in the respective bearings 22, 23. Has been. Further, the pair of bearings 22 and 23 are disposed to face each other along the front-rear direction of the base 2. Therefore, when the shaft 9 is inserted over the through holes 221 and 231 and the center portion 50 of the pressing body 5 described later, the pressing body 5 can be rotated in the left-right direction in FIG. Yes.
- the base 2 is formed with a pair of screw holes 241 and 242 for screwing screws 81 and 82 for fixing the yoke 3 to the base 2 on both the left and right sides via the bearings 22 and 23.
- Examples of the constituent material of the base 2 include a metal material, a semiconductor material, a ceramic material, a resin material, and the like, and these can be used alone or in combination.
- a flat yoke 3 made of a magnetic material is fixed to the upper surface of the base 2.
- the yoke 3 is composed of a right side portion 31 and a left side portion 32.
- Each of the portions 31 and 32 has a shape in which a long plate is bent (or curved) in the middle of the axial direction, that is, substantially C-shaped in a plan view.
- each part 31, 32 is inserted into the lumen of the coil 7 (bobbin 71), and one end is in contact with each other in the coil 7. On the other hand, in this state, the other ends of the portions 31 and 32 are not in contact with each other as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6.
- the through holes 311 and 321 penetrating in the thickness direction are formed in the middle of the portions 31 and 32 in the axial direction.
- the screw portions of the screws 81 and 82 are inserted into the through holes 311 and 321 and screwed into the screw holes 241 and 242 of the base body 2, so that the yoke 3 (the right side portion 31 and the left side portion 32) is fixed to the base body 2. Yes.
- concave portions 312 and 322 are formed on the upper surfaces of the other end portions of the portions 31 and 32, respectively. Permanent magnets 41 and 42 are held in the recesses 312 and 322, respectively. That is, the concave portions 312 and 322 constitute a holding structure for holding the permanent magnets 41 and 42.
- Examples of magnetic materials constituting the yoke 3 include pure iron (for example, JIS SUY), soft iron, carbon steel, electromagnetic steel (silicon steel), high-speed tool steel, structural steel (for example, JIS SS400), stainless marmalloy. These can be used, and one or more of these can be used in combination.
- the permanent magnets 41 and 42 are fixed to the recesses 312 and 322, for example, by a method such as fitting, welding, and bonding with an adhesive.
- Permanent magnets 41, 42 are disposed immediately below the magnetostrictive bodies 61 and 62 and apply a bias magnetic field to the magnetostrictive bodies 61 and 62.
- the permanent magnet 41 is arranged with the north pole on the yoke 3 side and the south pole on the magnetostrictive body 61 side, and the permanent magnet 42 is placed on the yoke 3 side with the north pole on the magnetostrictive body. It is arranged on the 62 side.
- the magnetic lines of force generated by the permanent magnets 41 and 42 are generated by the magnetostrictive bodies 61 and 62, the lower end portions (the center portion 50 and the pressing portions 51 and 52) of the pressing body 5, and the yoke (loop forming body). 3, a loop (clockwise magnetic field loop) that returns to the permanent magnets 41 and 42 is formed.
- Examples of the permanent magnets 41 and 42 include alnico magnets, ferrite magnets, neodymium magnets, samarium cobalt magnets, and magnets (bond magnets) formed by molding composite materials obtained by pulverizing them and kneading them into resin materials or rubber materials. Can be used.
- a pressing body 5 that is rotatably supported by the base 2 is disposed above the permanent magnets 41 and 42.
- the pressing body 5 includes a cylindrical central portion 50, a pair of pressing portions 51 and 52 provided so as to protrude to the side of the central portion 50, and a rod-shaped portion 59 connected to the central portion 50. . Then, the shaft 9 serving as the rotation center is inserted into the through holes 221 and 231 of the bearings 22 and 23 and the through hole (the inner cavity portion) of the central portion 50, so that the pressing body 5 can rotate with respect to the base 2. ing.
- shaft 9 and the center part 50 are comprised separately, these may be integrated.
- the shaft 9 can be formed by projecting and forming a small-diameter cylinder on each of the front end face and the rear end face of the cylindrical central portion 50.
- a thin cylindrical column may be formed on the inner side surfaces of the bearings 22 and 23 so as to be inserted into the through hole of the cylindrical central portion 50 as a shaft 9.
- the pair of pressing portions 51 and 52 are formed integrally with the central portion 50 and are disposed so as to face each other via the shaft 9.
- the pressing portion 51 has a flat plate shape, and a C-shaped rib 511 is formed on the lower surface thereof as shown in FIG.
- a magnetostrictive body 61 is held inside the rib 511. That is, the rib 511 constitutes a holding structure for holding the magnetostrictive body 61.
- the pressing portion 52 has the same configuration as the pressing portion 51, and holds the magnetostrictive body 62 on the lower surface thereof.
- the rod-shaped part 59 is a site
- An external force to the left or right in FIG. 6 or vibration in the left-right direction in FIG. 6 is applied to the rod-shaped portion 59, and the rod-shaped portion 59 is rotated in the left-right direction around the shaft 9 (around the rotation center). Move. Thereby, the pressing parts 51 and 52 rotate.
- the center portion 50 and the pressing portions 51 and 52 are made of, for example, a magnetic material similar to the constituent material of the yoke 3.
- the rod-shaped portion 59 may be formed integrally with the central portion 50 and the pressing portions 51 and 52 using a magnetic material, and is separated from the central portion 50 and the pressing portions 51 and 52 using a non-magnetic material. It may be formed as a body.
- Such a non-magnetic material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include metal materials, semiconductor materials, ceramic materials, resin materials, and the like, and these can be used alone or in combination.
- a resin material it is preferable to add a filler in a resin material.
- a nonmagnetic material whose main component is a metal material
- a nonmagnetic material whose main component is at least one of aluminum, magnesium, zinc, copper and alloys containing these. More preferred.
- each pressing portion 51, 52 is appropriately set according to the constituent material of the pressing portions 51, 52, the size of the magnetostrictive bodies 61, 62, etc., and is not particularly limited, but the thickness is 0.5-3 mm.
- the width (length in the left-right direction) is preferably about 1 to 5 mm, and preferably about 1.5 to 3.5 mm. More preferably.
- the size of the rod-shaped portion 59 is appropriately set according to the constituent material of the rod-shaped portion 59 and is not particularly limited, but the thickness (length in the left-right direction) is about 0.5 to 3 mm.
- the width (length in the front-rear direction) is preferably about 2 to 7 mm, more preferably about 3 to 6 mm, and the length (length in the front-rear direction) is more preferable. Is preferably about 10 to 70 mm, and more preferably about 20 to 60 mm.
- the magnetostrictive bodies 61 and 62 are fixed to the pressing portions 51 and 52 (ribs 511) of the pressing body 5 by methods such as fitting, welding, and adhesion using an adhesive, respectively.
- Magnetostrictive body 61, 62 The magnetostrictors 61 and 62 are each made of a magnetostrictive material, and are arranged with the direction in which magnetization is likely to occur (easy magnetization direction) as the vertical direction (axial direction). Each of the magnetostrictors 61 and 62 has a columnar shape with a relatively small thickness, and is disposed so that the magnetic lines of force pass in the axial direction.
- the two magnetostrictive bodies 61 and 62 are arranged so as to correspond to the permanent magnets 41 and 42 on the left and right sides via the shaft 9 (rotation center) of the pressing body 5. With this configuration, the two magnetostrictive bodies 61 and 62 are alternately pressed by the corresponding pressing portions 51 and 52, respectively.
- each of the magnetostrictors 61 and 62 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 1 to 40 mm 2 , and is about 2 to 20 mm 2 . Is more preferable. Thereby, it is possible to sufficiently pass the magnetic lines of force in the axial direction of the magnetostrictors 61 and 62. In addition, it is possible to obtain the power generating element 1 that can maximize the effect while reducing the amount of expensive magnetostrictive material used.
- each of the magnetostrictors 61 and 62 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.1 to 2 mm, and more preferably about 0.5 to 1.5 mm. By setting the length of each magnetostrictive body 61, 62 within such a range, uniform compressive stress can be generated by each magnetostrictive body 61, 62, and the power generation efficiency of the power generating element 1 can be improved.
- the Young's modulus of the magnetostrictive material is preferably about 40 to 100 GPa, more preferably about 50 to 90 GPa, and further preferably about 60 to 80 GPa.
- Such a magnetostrictive material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an iron-gallium alloy, an iron-cobalt alloy, an iron-nickel alloy, and the like, and one or more of these can be used in combination. .
- a magnetostrictive material mainly composed of an iron-gallium alloy (Young's modulus: about 70 GPa) is preferably used.
- a magnetostrictive material whose main component is an iron-gallium alloy is easy to set in the Young's modulus range as described above.
- the magnetostrictive material as described above preferably contains at least one of rare earth metals such as Y, Pr, Sm, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, and Tm. Thereby, the change of the magnetic permeability of the magnetostrictive body 61 can be further increased.
- the coil 7 is disposed so as to surround the yoke 3.
- Coil 7 A voltage is generated in the coil 7 based on a change in the density of magnetic lines of force (magnetic flux density) in the magnetic field loop due to a change in the magnetic permeability of the magnetostrictors 61 and 62.
- the coil 7 includes a rectangular cylindrical bobbin 71 disposed on the outer peripheral side of the yoke 3 so as to surround the yoke 3, and a wire rod 72 wound around the bobbin 71. Is housed in.
- the volume of the coil 7 is not limited, the number of turns of the wire 72 constituting the coil 7 and the wire material are determined according to power generation efficiency, load impedance, target voltage value, target current value, and the like.
- the range of selection such as 72 cross-sectional areas (wire diameters) is expanded.
- the same material as the constituent material of the rod-shaped part 59 can be used, for example.
- the wire 72 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a wire obtained by coating a copper base wire with an insulating coating, and a wire obtained by coating a copper base wire with an insulation coating added with a fusion function. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the number of turns of the wire 72 is appropriately set according to the cross-sectional area of the wire 72 and the like, and is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 100 to 500, more preferably about 150 to 450. Further, the cross-sectional area of the wire 72 is preferably from 5 ⁇ 10 -4 ⁇ 0.126mm 2 mm, and more preferably 2 ⁇ 10 -3 ⁇ 0.03mm 2 approximately.
- the cross-sectional shape of the wire 72 may be any shape such as a polygon such as a triangle, a square, a rectangle, and a hexagon, a circle, and an ellipse.
- the pressing portion 52 moves in a direction (upward) away from the permanent magnet 42 together with the magnetostrictive body 62 held (fixed) thereto, but the permanent magnet 41 and the magnetostrictive body 61 are fixed. Therefore, the magnetostrictive body 62 is not pulled.
- the pressing portion 51 moves in a direction (upward) away from the permanent magnet 41 together with the magnetostrictive body 61 held (fixed) thereto, but the permanent magnet 42 and the magnetostrictive body 62 are fixed. Therefore, the magnetostrictive body 61 is not pulled.
- the present invention power is generated by simply compressing the magnetostrictors 61 and 62 without pulling them. For this reason, in order to pull each magnetostrictive body 61 and 62, strong joining is not required between other members (in this embodiment, the press body 5 and each permanent magnet 41 and 42). For this reason, the structure of each member can be simplified, the manufacturing cost of the electric power generation element 1 can be reduced, and the effort which an assembly requires can be saved.
- the inverse magnetostrictive effect is expressed by compressing the magnetostrictive bodies 61 and 62, a sufficient inverse magnetostrictive effect is effectively exhibited even if the size of the magnetostrictive bodies 61 and 62 is reduced. For this reason, since the ratio which contributes to the electric power generation per volume of a magnetostrictive material can be raised, the usage-amount of an expensive magnetostrictive material can be reduced. This contributes to the weight reduction, size reduction, and price reduction of the power generation element 1.
- each magnetostrictive body 61, 62 is pressed between the rotation center (fulcrum) of the pressing body 5 and the open end (power point) that applies force to the rod-shaped portion 59.
- the load applied to the magnetostrictive body 61 is mainly a load directed downward, and thus a uniform compressive stress is generated in the magnetostrictive body 61.
- the load applied to the magnetostrictive body 62 is also mainly a load directed downward, so that a uniform compressive stress is generated in the magnetostrictive body 62.
- FIG. 6 (b) and FIG. 9 See FIG. 6 (b) and FIG. 9).
- the size, shape, and weight of the rod-shaped portion 59 can be changed as appropriate.
- the power generation element 1 can be reduced in height (thinned) by shortening the length of the rod-shaped portion 59.
- the cam mechanism and the weight can be connected by changing the shape of the upper end portion of the rod-like portion 59.
- the power generation amount of the power generation element 1 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 100 to 1400 ⁇ J. If the power generation amount (power generation capability) of the power generation element 1 is within the above range, for example, by combining with a wireless device, it can be effectively used for a home lighting wireless switch, a home security system, and the like described later.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the power generating element of the present invention
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG.
- FIGS. 10 and 11 the upper side in FIGS. 10 and 11 is referred to as “upper” or “upper”, and the lower side is referred to as “lower” or “lower”.
- the front side of the paper surface in FIGS. 10 and 11 is referred to as “front” or “front”, and the back side of the paper surface is referred to as “rear” or “rear”.
- the right side in FIGS. 10 and 11 is referred to as “right” or “right”, and the left side is referred to as “left” or “left”.
- the power generation element of the second embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the power generation element of the first embodiment, and description of similar matters will be omitted.
- the configuration of the pressing body 5 is different, and the rest is the same as the power generation element 1 of the first embodiment. That is, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, in the pressing body 5 of the second embodiment, the left end portion of the rod-shaped portion 59 is connected to the rear end surface of the center portion 50.
- the left end portion of the rod-like portion 59 is provided coaxially (concentrically) with the central portion 50, and a through hole is formed through the shaft 9 and penetrating them. Further, the rod-shaped portion 59 is connected to the central portion 50 so that the axial direction thereof is substantially parallel to the upper surface of the base 2. With this configuration, the power generating element 1 can be further reduced in height (thinned).
- the angle formed between the axial direction of the rod-shaped portion 59 and the upper surface of the base 2 is not limited to almost 0 ° as in this embodiment, and can be any angle. Further, as in the first embodiment, the size, shape, and weight of the rod-like portion 59 can be changed as appropriate. For this reason, the degree of freedom in designing the power generation element 1 is further increased.
- the pressing portion 52 moves in a direction (upward) away from the permanent magnet 42 together with the magnetostrictive body 62 held (fixed) thereto, but the permanent magnet 41 and the magnetostrictive body 61 are fixed. Therefore, the magnetostrictive body 62 is not pulled.
- the pressing portion 51 moves in a direction (upward) away from the permanent magnet 41 together with the magnetostrictive body 61 held (fixed) thereto, but the permanent magnet 42 and the magnetostrictive body 62 are fixed. Therefore, the magnetostrictive body 61 is not pulled.
- the power generation element 1 according to the second embodiment produces the same operations and effects as the power generation element 1 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment of the power generating element of the present invention
- FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of the center of the power generating element shown in FIG.
- FIGS. 12 and 13 the upper side in FIGS. 12 and 13 is referred to as “upper” or “upper”, and the lower side is referred to as “lower” or “lower”. 12 and 13 is referred to as “front” or “front”, and the back side of the paper is referred to as “rear” or “rear”. Furthermore, the right side in FIGS. 12 and 13 is referred to as “right” or “right”, and the left side is referred to as “left” or “left”.
- the power generating element of the third embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the power generating elements of the first and second embodiments, and the description of the same matters will be omitted.
- the arrangement position of the coil 7 is different, and the rest is the same as the power generating element 1 of the first embodiment. That is, as shown in FIG. 12, in the power generating element 1 of the third embodiment, the coil 7 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the magnetostrictive bodies 61 and 62 so as to surround the magnetostrictive bodies 61 and 62.
- each magnetostrictive body 61, 62 has a long (thickness) cylindrical shape, and the coil 7 is configured by winding a wire 72 around the outer peripheral surface of each magnetostrictive body 61, 62. ing.
- the part immediately above the permanent magnets 41 and 42 has the highest density of magnetic lines of force (magnetic flux density) and the amount of change in the density of magnetic lines of force is large. For this reason, the electric power generation efficiency of the electric power generation element 1 can be improved more by arrange
- the length (thickness) of each of the magnetostrictors 61 and 62 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 1 to 8 mm, and more preferably about 2 to 5 mm.
- the coil 7 includes a bobbin 71 disposed on the outer peripheral side of the magnetostrictive bodies 61 and 62 so as to surround the magnetostrictive bodies 61 and 62, and the bobbin 71. You may make it comprise with the turned wire 72.
- FIG. 1 A bobbin 71 disposed on the outer peripheral side of the magnetostrictive bodies 61 and 62 so as to surround the magnetostrictive bodies 61 and 62, and the bobbin 71. You may make it comprise with the turned wire 72.
- the power generation element 1 according to the third embodiment produces the same operations and effects as those of the power generation element 1 according to the first and second embodiments.
- FIG. 14 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the center of the fourth embodiment of the power generating element of the present invention.
- the upper side in FIG. 14 is referred to as “upper” or “upper”, and the lower side is referred to as “lower” or “lower”.
- the front side of the paper surface in FIG. 14 is referred to as “front” or “front”, and the back side of the paper surface is referred to as “rear” or “rear”.
- the right side in FIG. 14 is referred to as “right” or “right”, and the left side is referred to as “left” or “left”.
- the power generation element of the fourth embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the power generation elements of the first to third embodiments, and description of similar matters will be omitted.
- the power generating element 1 of the fourth embodiment is different from the power generating element 1 of the third embodiment except for the configuration of the holding structure in which the pressing portion holds the magnetostrictive body.
- the magnetostrictive body 62 includes a narrow-diameter portion 621 that winds the wire 72 of the coil 7, and a screw portion 622 that is located above the narrow-diameter portion 621 and is larger in diameter than the small-diameter portion 621.
- the pressing portion 52 is formed with a screw hole 521 that penetrates in the thickness direction and is screwed into the screw portion 622 of the magnetostrictive body 62.
- the magnetostrictive body 62 is held (fixed) in the pressing portion 52 by inserting the small diameter portion 621 into the screw hole 521 and screwing the screw portion 622 into the screw hole 521. That is, in this embodiment, the screw portion 622 and the screw hole 521 constitute a holding structure in which the pressing portion holds the magnetostrictive body.
- the magnetostrictive body 61 and the pressing portion 51 have the same configuration as the magnetostrictive body 62 and the pressing portion 52.
- the coil 7 is formed by winding the wire 72 around the outer periphery of the small-diameter portion 621 in advance by making the maximum outer diameter of the coil 7 smaller than the minimum outer diameter of the screw hole 521.
- the magnetostrictive body 62 can be fixed to the pressing portion 52 by inserting the magnetostrictive body 62 into the screw hole 521 and screwing the screw portion 622 into the screw hole 521. Thereby, the effort which the assembly of the electric power generating element 1 requires can be reduced more.
- the distance between the lower end of the magnetostrictive body 62 and the permanent magnet 42 can be adjusted by changing the screwing depth of the screw portion 622 into the screw hole 521. Thereby, it is possible to arbitrarily set the density of the lines of magnetic force passing through the magnetostrictive body 62. Further, in a state where the lower end of the magnetostrictive body 62 is in contact with the permanent magnet 42, for example, the magnetostrictive body 62 and the pressing portion 52 are fixed (fixed) with a screw lock agent, an adhesive, or the like, or the central portion 50 and the shaft 9 are fixed. Is fixed (adhered), the backlash of the pressing body 5 with respect to the base body 2 can be prevented. Thereby, the inconvenience that the magnetostrictive body 62 cannot be compressed due to the backlash of the pressing body 5 can be reliably prevented.
- the screw portion 622 of the magnetostrictive body 62 can also be configured by a diameter-expanded portion simply expanded from the small-diameter portion 621 (that is, a diameter-expanded portion in which no thread groove or thread is formed on the outer peripheral surface).
- the pressing portion 52 instead of the screw hole 521, the pressing portion 52 is provided with a through hole whose inner diameter is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the enlarged diameter portion of the magnetostrictive body 62, and the enlarged diameter portion is fitted into the through hole, whereby the magnetostrictive body. 62 can be fixed to the pressing portion 52.
- a thread groove (or a thread) may be formed on the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter portion 621 of the magnetostrictive body 62, that is, over the entire length of the magnetostrictive body 62.
- the wire 72 constituting the coil 7 can be easily wound around the small diameter portion 621 and the coil 7 can be easily held securely in the small diameter portion 621.
- the power generation element 1 according to the fourth embodiment produces the same operations and effects as the power generation elements 1 according to the first to third embodiments.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of the center of the fifth embodiment of the power generating element of the present invention.
- the upper side in FIG. 15 is referred to as “upper” or “upper”, and the lower side is referred to as “lower” or “lower”.
- the front side in FIG. 15 is referred to as “front” or “front”, and the back side in FIG. 15 is referred to as “rear” or “rear”.
- the right side in FIG. 15 is referred to as “right” or “right”, and the left side is referred to as “left” or “left”.
- the power generation element of the fifth embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the power generation elements of the first to fourth embodiments, and description of similar matters will be omitted.
- the configuration of the pressing body is different, and the rest is the same as the power generation element 1 of the first embodiment. That is, as shown in FIG. 15, in the pressing body 5 of the fifth embodiment, the pressing portion 52 is omitted, and the left end portion of the rod-shaped portion 59 is behind the center portion 50 via the bearing 23 (opposite side). Is connected to the shaft 9.
- the central portion 50 is provided in contact with the magnetostrictors 61 and 62 or is separated from the magnetostrictors 61 and 62 so as not to block the magnetic field loop.
- the magnetostrictors 61 and 62 can be alternately pressed by the single pressing portion 51 and compressed in the axial direction.
- the power generation element 1 according to the fifth embodiment produces the same operations and effects as the power generation elements 1 according to the first to fourth embodiments.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the center of the sixth embodiment of the power generating element of the present invention.
- the upper side in FIG. 16 is referred to as “upper” or “upper”, and the lower side is referred to as “lower” or “lower”.
- the front side of the paper surface in FIG. 16 is referred to as “front” or “front”, and the back side of the paper surface is referred to as “rear” or “rear”.
- the right side in FIG. 16 is referred to as “right” or “right”, and the left side is referred to as “left” or “left”.
- the power generation element of the sixth embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the power generation elements of the first to fifth embodiments, and the description of the same matters will be omitted.
- the configurations of the permanent magnet 41, the pressing body 5 and the magnetostrictive body 61 are different, and the other configurations are the same as those of the power generating element 1 of the second embodiment.
- a flat permanent magnet 43 is provided between the right side portion 31 and the left side portion 32 constituting the yoke 3 so as to be in contact with the other end of the left side portion 32.
- a plate-like magnetostrictive body 63 is provided in contact with both of the other ends of the right side portion 31.
- the magnetostrictive body 63 is arranged with the easy magnetization direction as the left-right direction (axial direction). Even in such a power generation element 1, a clockwise magnetic field loop is formed. In the case of the present embodiment, the lines of magnetic force forming the magnetic field loop do not pass through the pressing body 5, so that the entire pressing body 5 can be made of a nonmagnetic material.
- the pressing body 5 includes one pressing portion 53 provided so as to protrude from the central portion 50 to the side and downward.
- the pressing portion 53 compresses the magnetostrictive body 63 in a direction (vertical direction) substantially orthogonal to the axial direction by rotation.
- the magnetostrictive body 63 extends in the axial direction.
- the magnetic permeability of the magnetostrictive body 63 changes due to the inverse magnetostrictive effect, and the density of the magnetic lines of force passing through the magnetostrictive body 63 (the density of the magnetic lines of force penetrating through the inner cavity of the coil 7) changes. Will occur.
- the power generation element 1 according to the sixth embodiment produces the same operations and effects as the power generation elements 1 according to the first to fifth embodiments.
- the power generation element as described above includes a transmitter power source, a sensor network power source, a home lighting wireless switch, a system for monitoring the state of each part of the vehicle (for example, a tire pressure sensor, a seat belt wearing detection sensor), and a home security system. (In particular, it can be used for a system that notifies operation detection of windows and doors wirelessly).
- one of the two magnets can be omitted, and one or both of the magnets can be replaced with an electromagnet.
- the power generation element of the present invention may be configured to generate power using an external magnetic field (external magnetic field), omitting both magnets.
- the magnetostrictive body has a circular cross-sectional shape (a cross-sectional shape substantially perpendicular to the axial direction).
- the magnetostrictive body has an elliptical shape, a triangular shape, and a square shape. Polygonal shapes such as shapes, rectangles, and hexagons may be used.
- the present invention since the power generation is performed only by compressing the magnetostrictive body, it is not necessary to firmly join the members. Therefore, it is possible to provide a power generation element that can generate power efficiently with a relatively simple configuration. Therefore, the present invention has industrial applicability.
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- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
Abstract
Description
(1) 磁歪材料で構成され、軸方向に磁力線を通過させる少なくとも1つの柱状の磁歪体と、
回動により、前記磁歪体を押圧するよう配置された押圧部と、該押圧部を回動させる棒状部とを備える押圧体と、
前記磁力線が、軸方向に通過するように配置され、その密度の変化に基づいて電圧が発生するコイルとを有し、
前記棒状部の回動中心周りの回動により前記押圧部が回動し、該押圧部で前記磁歪体を押圧して圧縮することにより、前記磁力線の密度を変化させるよう構成したことを特徴とする発電素子。
前記押圧部が前記中心部の側方に突出するよう設けられるとともに、前記棒状部が前記押圧部と異なる位置において、前記中心部に接続されている上記(1)に記載の発電素子。
磁性材料で構成され、前記磁石が発生した前記磁力線が前記磁石に戻るようなループを、少なくとも前記磁歪体および前記押圧部とともに形成するループ形成体とを有する上記(8)に記載の発電素子。
<第1実施形態>
まず、本発明の発電素子の第1実施形態について説明する。
<<基体2>>
基体2は、各部を支持するための部材であり、平板状をなしている。また、基体2は、発電素子1を、筐体等に固定するためにも用いられる。この基体2の前側には、凹部21が形成されている。この凹部21に、コイル7が配置されている。
この基体2の上面には、磁性材料で構成された平板状のヨーク3が固定されている。
ヨーク3は、本実施形態では、右側部位31と左側部位32とで構成されている。各部位31、32は、長尺の板材を軸方向の途中で屈曲(または湾曲)させたような形状、すなわち、平面視においてほぼC字状をなしている。
永久磁石41、42は、磁歪体61、62の直下に配置され、磁歪体61、62にバイアス磁界を印加する。
押圧体5は、円筒状の中心部50と、中心部50の側方に突出して設けられた一対の押圧部51、52と、中心部50に接続された棒状部59とで構成されている。そして、回動中心となる軸9が軸受け22、23の貫通孔221、231および中心部50の貫通孔(中腔部)に挿入され、押圧体5が基体2に対して回動可能となっている。
磁歪体61、62は、それぞれ、磁歪材料で構成され、磁化が生じ易い方向(磁化容易方向)を上下方向(軸方向)として配置されている。各磁歪体61、62は、厚さが比較的小さい円柱状をなしており、その軸方向に磁力線を通過させるように配置されている。
コイル7には、磁歪体61、62の透磁率の変化による磁界ループ中の磁力線の密度(磁束密度)の変化に基づいて、電圧が発生する。このコイル7は、ヨーク3の外周側に、ヨーク3を囲むように配置された四角筒状のボビン71と、このボビン71に巻回された線材72とで構成され、基体2の凹部21内に収容されている。
なお、発電素子1の発電量は、特に限定されないが、100~1400μJ程度であるのが好ましい。発電素子1の発電量(発電能力)が上記範囲内であれば、例えば、無線装置と組み合わせることで、後述する住宅照明用無線スイッチや住宅セキュリティー用システム等に有効に利用することができる。
次に、本発明の発電素子の第2実施形態について説明する。
かかる構成により、発電素子1のさらなる低背化(薄型化)を図ることができる。
次に、本発明の発電素子の第3実施形態について説明する。
次に、本発明の発電素子の第4実施形態について説明する。
図14は、本発明の発電素子の第4実施形態の中央付近を示す部分断面拡大図である。
次に、本発明の発電素子の第5実施形態について説明する。
図15は、本発明の発電素子の第5実施形態の中央付近を示す斜視図である。
次に、本発明の発電素子の第6実施形態について説明する。
図16は、本発明の発電素子の第6実施形態の中央付近を示す断面図である。
例えば、前記第1~第6実施形態の任意の構成を組み合わせることもできる。
Claims (12)
- 磁歪材料で構成され、軸方向に磁力線を通過させる少なくとも1つの柱状の磁歪体と、
回動により、前記磁歪体を押圧するよう配置された押圧部と、該押圧部を回動させる棒状部とを備える押圧体と、
前記磁力線が、軸方向に通過するように配置され、その密度の変化に基づいて電圧が発生するコイルとを有し、
前記棒状部の回動中心周りの回動により前記押圧部が回動し、該押圧部で前記磁歪体を押圧して圧縮することにより、前記磁力線の密度を変化させるよう構成したことを特徴とする発電素子。 - 前記押圧体は、前記回動中心周りに回動する中心部を備え、
前記押圧部が前記中心部の側方に突出するよう設けられるとともに、前記棒状部が前記押圧部と異なる位置において、前記中心部に接続されている請求項1に記載の発電素子。 - 前記押圧部は、前記磁歪体を保持する保持構造を備える請求項1または2に記載の発電素子。
- 前記少なくとも1つの磁歪体は、前記回動中心を介して両側に配置された2つの磁歪体を含み、該2つの磁歪体が前記押圧部により交互に押圧される請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の発電素子。
- 前記コイルは、前記磁歪体の外周側に、前記磁歪体を囲むように配置されている請求項1ないし4のいずれかに記載の発電素子。
- 前記磁歪材料は、鉄-ガリウム系合金を主成分とする請求項1ないし5のいずれかに記載の発電素子。
- 前記磁歪材料は、そのヤング率が40~100GPaである請求項1ないし6のいずれかに記載の発電素子。
- 前記押圧部は、磁性材料で構成され、前記磁歪体を、その軸方向に押圧するよう配置されている請求項1ないし7のいずれかに記載の発電素子。
- 前記磁力線を発生する磁石と、
磁性材料で構成され、前記磁石が発生した前記磁力線が前記磁石に戻るようなループを、少なくとも前記磁歪体および前記押圧部とともに形成するループ形成体とを有する請求項8に記載の発電素子。 - 前記コイルは、前記ループ形成体の途中に、前記ループ形成体を囲むように配置されている請求項9に記載の発電素子。
- 前記磁石は、前記磁歪体と前記ループ形成体との間に配置されている請求項9または10に記載の発電素子。
- 前記ループ形成体は、前記磁石を保持する保持構造を備える請求項9ないし11のいずれかに記載の発電素子。
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US14/401,505 US20150155471A1 (en) | 2012-07-23 | 2013-07-22 | Power generating element |
CN201380027937.1A CN104350672A (zh) | 2012-07-23 | 2013-07-22 | 发电元件 |
DE201311003636 DE112013003636T5 (de) | 2012-07-23 | 2013-07-22 | Element zum Erzeugen von Leistung |
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JP2012162321A JP5915432B2 (ja) | 2012-07-23 | 2012-07-23 | 発電素子 |
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US10361355B2 (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2019-07-23 | Sumitomo Riko Company Limited | Power generation system |
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JP5940343B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-29 | 2016-06-29 | 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 | 発電素子 |
EP3070832B1 (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2019-08-21 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Power generation device |
JP6266991B2 (ja) * | 2014-02-04 | 2018-01-24 | 日本信号株式会社 | 振動発電装置 |
US11462358B2 (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2022-10-04 | Northeastern University | Method of tetratenite production and system therefor |
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US8008816B2 (en) * | 2006-10-19 | 2011-08-30 | Boise State University | Device with magnetoplastic and/or magnetoelastic thin-film transducer and pick-up coil for harvesting energy |
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EP3070832B1 (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2019-08-21 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Power generation device |
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- 2013-07-22 US US14/401,505 patent/US20150155471A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JP2006136078A (ja) * | 2004-11-04 | 2006-05-25 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | 圧電素子の集積方法および発電ユニット |
JP2008072862A (ja) * | 2006-09-15 | 2008-03-27 | Citizen Holdings Co Ltd | 発電デバイスおよびそれを備えた発電装置 |
JP2010271588A (ja) * | 2009-05-22 | 2010-12-02 | Sharp Corp | 画像形成装置 |
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JP2014023367A (ja) | 2014-02-03 |
CN104350672A (zh) | 2015-02-11 |
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