WO2014014224A1 - 실리콘 단결정 성장 장치 및 그 제조 방법 - Google Patents
실리콘 단결정 성장 장치 및 그 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014014224A1 WO2014014224A1 PCT/KR2013/006030 KR2013006030W WO2014014224A1 WO 2014014224 A1 WO2014014224 A1 WO 2014014224A1 KR 2013006030 W KR2013006030 W KR 2013006030W WO 2014014224 A1 WO2014014224 A1 WO 2014014224A1
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- shoulder
- weight
- single crystal
- length
- melt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B15/00—Single-crystal growth by pulling from a melt, e.g. Czochralski method
- C30B15/20—Controlling or regulating
- C30B15/22—Stabilisation or shape controlling of the molten zone near the pulled crystal; Controlling the section of the crystal
- C30B15/26—Stabilisation or shape controlling of the molten zone near the pulled crystal; Controlling the section of the crystal using television detectors; using photo or X-ray detectors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/02—Elements
- C30B29/06—Silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B15/00—Single-crystal growth by pulling from a melt, e.g. Czochralski method
- C30B15/20—Controlling or regulating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B15/00—Single-crystal growth by pulling from a melt, e.g. Czochralski method
- C30B15/20—Controlling or regulating
- C30B15/22—Stabilisation or shape controlling of the molten zone near the pulled crystal; Controlling the section of the crystal
- C30B15/28—Stabilisation or shape controlling of the molten zone near the pulled crystal; Controlling the section of the crystal using weight changes of the crystal or the melt, e.g. flotation methods
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T117/00—Single-crystal, oriented-crystal, and epitaxy growth processes; non-coating apparatus therefor
- Y10T117/10—Apparatus
- Y10T117/1004—Apparatus with means for measuring, testing, or sensing
- Y10T117/1008—Apparatus with means for measuring, testing, or sensing with responsive control means
Definitions
- the embodiment relates to a silicon single crystal growth apparatus and a method of manufacturing the same.
- a silicon single crystal wafer used as a material of a semiconductor device can be produced by cutting a silicon single crystal ingot generally manufactured by Czochralski (CZ) method by a slicing process.
- CZ Czochralski
- the method of growing a silicon single crystal ingot by the Czochralski method may include a silicon melt forming process, a necking process, a shouldering process, a body growing process, and a tailing process. Can be.
- the silicon melt forming process refers to laminating polycrystalline silicon and dopant in a quartz crucible and melting the polycrystalline silicon and dopant using heat radiated from a heater installed around the sidewall of the quartz crucible to form a silicon melt (SM). .
- SM silicon melt
- the necking process refers to immersing seed crystals, which are growth sources of silicon single crystal ingots, on the surface of the silicon melt and growing elongated crystals from the seed crystals.
- the shouldering process refers to growing a crystal so that the diameter of the silicon single crystal ingot gradually increases to finally reach the target diameter.
- the body growing process refers to growing a silicon single crystal ingot having a constant target diameter to a desired length.
- the tailing process is to accelerate the rotation of the quartz crucible to gradually reduce the diameter of the silicon single crystal ingot and to separate the silicon melt from the ingot to complete the growth of the silicon single crystal ingot.
- the embodiment provides a silicon single crystal growth apparatus and a method of manufacturing the same, which can compensate for a melt gap error due to a shouldering process to ensure uniform quality reproducibility and stability.
- Silicon single crystal growth apparatus is a crucible containing a silicon melt; A heat shield surrounding a silicon single crystal grown from the silicon melt; An image photographing unit which photographs a shoulder growing by the shouldering process and acquires image data according to the photographed result; And a controller configured to calculate the weight of the shoulder using the image data and to control the lifting and lowering of the crucible based on the calculated weight of the shoulder.
- the single crystal silicon growth apparatus may further include a length measuring unit measuring the length of the growing shoulder and providing the measured length of the shoulder to the controller.
- the controller may calculate the diameter of the shoulder using the image data, and calculate the weight of the shoulder using the calculated diameter of the shoulder, the length of the shoulder provided from the length measuring unit, and the density of the shoulder. have.
- the controller may calculate the diameter of the shoulder by using image data provided from the image capturing unit whenever the length of the shoulder increases by a predetermined increment.
- the control unit may complete the lifting control of the crucible after the end of the shouldering process and before the body growing process.
- the controller may set a correction time and a first speed according to the calculated weight of the shoulder, and raise the crucible at the first speed during the correction time when the body growing process is started.
- a method of manufacturing a silicon single crystal is taken from a silicon melt in a chamber in which a crucible containing a silicon melt and a heat shield for shielding heat are photographed, and a shoulder of a silicon single crystal grown by a shouldering process, Acquiring image data; Calculating a weight of the shoulder using the image data; And compensating a melt gap, which is a gap between the surface of the silicon melt and the heat shield based on the calculated weight of the shoulder.
- the silicon single crystal manufacturing method may further include measuring a length of the growing shoulder and providing the measured length of the shoulder to the controller.
- the calculating of the weight of the shoulder may include calculating the diameter of the shoulder using the image data, and calculating the weight of the shoulder using the calculated diameter of the shoulder, the measured length of the shoulder, and the density of the shoulder. Can be.
- the calculating of the weight of the shoulder may include calculating a diameter of the shoulder by using the image data whenever the length of the shoulder increases by a predetermined increment; And accumulating the weight of the shoulder calculated in response to the preset increase.
- the silicon single crystal manufacturing method may further include growing a body of silicon single crystal by a body growing process after the completion of the shouldering process, and compensating the melt gap may be performed before the body growing process after the completion of the shouldering process. Compensation of the melt gap may be performed during the body growing process.
- Compensating the melt gap performed during the body growing process may include setting a correction time and a first speed according to the calculated weight of the shoulder; Compensating for the melt gap by raising the crucible at the first speed during the calibration time when the body growing process starts; And ascending the crucible at a second speed when the correction time has elapsed.
- the first speed may be a sum of the second speed and the third speed
- the second speed may be 0.4 to 0.7 mm / min
- the third speed may be 0.01 mm / min to 0.1 mm / min.
- the embodiment can ensure uniform quality reproducibility and stability of the silicon single crystal.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a silicon single crystal growth apparatus according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of the shoulder shown in FIG. 1.
- 3A shows the melt gap before the shouldering process.
- 3B shows the melt gap after the shouldering process.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a melt gap compensation method in a single crystal silicon manufacturing process according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method of calculating a weight of a shoulder illustrated in FIG. 6.
- FIG. 8 illustrates an embodiment of calculating the diameter of the shoulder illustrated in FIG. 7.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a method for calculating a weight of a shoulder illustrated in FIG. 6.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of a method for calculating a weight of a shoulder illustrated in FIG. 6.
- FIG. 11 illustrates an embodiment of the melt gap compensation illustrated in FIG. 6.
- FIG. 12 illustrates another embodiment of the melt gap compensation illustrated in FIG. 6.
- each layer (region), region, pattern, or structure is “on” or “under” the substrate, each layer (film), region, pad, or pattern.
- “up” and “under” include both “directly” or “indirectly” formed through another layer. do.
- the criteria for up / down or down / down each layer will be described with reference to the drawings.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a silicon single crystal growth apparatus 100 according to an embodiment.
- the silicon single crystal growth apparatus 100 includes a chamber 110, a crucible 120, a crucible support 125, a lifting unit 127, a heater 130, and a heat insulating means 140.
- the melt gap control system 101 may include a length measuring unit 165, an image capturing unit 170, and a controller 180.
- the chamber 110 is a space where growth of a single crystal ingot for a silicon wafer, which is used as an electronic component material such as a semiconductor, takes place, and the image capturing unit 170 is configured to photograph at least the inside of the chamber 110.
- One window 115 may be provided.
- the crucible 120 is installed inside the chamber 110, and may accommodate the silicon melt SM melted at a high temperature, and the material may be quartz, but is not limited thereto.
- the crucible support 125 may surround the outer circumferential surface of the crucible 120 to support the crucible 120, and the material thereof may be graphite, but is not limited thereto.
- the lifting unit 127 may be positioned at the lower end of the crucible support 125 to rotate the crucible 120 and the pottery or the support 125 and raise or lower the crucible 120.
- the heater 130 may be installed inside the chamber 110 to surround the side wall of the crucible 120 and heat the crucible 120.
- the heater 130 may melt a high purity polycrystalline silicon mass loaded in the crucible 120 into a silicon melt SM.
- the heat insulating means 140 may be installed in the chamber 110 outside the heater 130 and prevent heat generated from the heater 130 from leaking to the outside.
- the pulling means 150 may be installed above the crucible 120 so as to pull the cable 152 up.
- a seed chuck 15 is connected to one end of the cable 152, a seed crystal 20 is coupled to the seed chuck 15, and the seed crystal 20 is a silicon melt SM in the crucible 120. Can be dipped in.
- the crucible 120 is rotated together with the crucible support 125 by the lifting unit 127, the pulling means 150 raises the cable 152, and the crucible 120 as the cable 152 is pulled up.
- the silicon single crystal can be grown from the silicon melt SM accommodated in the.
- the heat shield 160 blocks heat radiated from the silicon melt SM to the silicon single crystal grown and prevents impurities (eg, CO gas) from the heater 130 from penetrating into the grown silicon single crystal. have.
- impurities eg, CO gas
- FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of the shoulder 34 shown in FIG. 1.
- the silicon single crystal ingot may be grown thin and long from the seed crystal 20 by a necking process before the shouldering process.
- neck 32 the silicon single crystal portion grown by the necking process.
- the diameter of the silicon single crystal may be gradually increased to a target diameter by a shouldering process, and the silicon single crystal portion gradually increasing in diameter is referred to as a "shoulder 34".
- the gap between the bottom of the heat shield 160 and the surface of the silicon melt SM is referred to as the “melt gap (Dg), which is consistent during silicon single crystal growth to improve the quality and productivity of the silicon single crystal ingot. Since the silicone melt SM solidifies to the shoulder 34 by the shouldering process, an error may exist between the melt gap before the shouldering process and the melt gap after the shouldering process.
- FIG. 3A shows the melt gap D1 before the shouldering process
- FIG. 3B shows the melt gap D2 after the shouldering process.
- an error eg, 2 mm to 4 mm
- the melt gap control system 101 corrects the melt gap error before and after the shouldering process generated by the shouldering process to maintain the melt gap before and after the shouldering process to ensure uniform quality reproducibility and stability of the silicon single crystal. Can be.
- the length measuring unit 165 may be installed on at least one of the outside, the inside, and the chamber outer wall surface of the chamber 110, and measure the length SHn of the shoulder 34 growing by the shouldering process. Can be. The length SHn of the shoulder 34 measured by the length measuring unit 165 may be provided to the controller 180.
- the length measuring unit 165 may measure the length of the ingot by an indirect measuring method by detecting a shaft rotation angle using an encoder.
- the length measuring unit 165 measures a distance SHn of the shoulder 34 by measuring a distance from an upper surface of a seed chuck (not shown) on which the seed crystal 20 is mounted using a laser displacement measuring sensor. It can be measured.
- the image capturing unit 170 may photograph the silicon single crystal growing in the chamber 110 through the window 115.
- the image capturing unit 170 may include a Charged Coupled Device (CCD) image pickup device or a Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) imaging device for performing one or more photoelectric conversions.
- CCD Charged Coupled Device
- CMOS Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
- FIG. 1 the present invention is not limited thereto, and a plurality of imaging devices may photograph silicon single crystals growing in the chamber 110.
- the image capturing unit 170 photographs a portion of the interface 40 where the shoulder 34 growing by the shouldering process and the silicon melt SM in the crucible 120 contact each other, and the image data according to the photographed result (Image Data , ID).
- the image of the interface 40 according to the acquired image data ID may be a meniscus, and the meniscus of the shoulder 34 acquired by the image capturing unit 170 is a bright ring. (bright ring).
- the image capturing unit 170 may start photographing and photograph a portion of the interface 40 where the shoulder 34 and the silicon melt SM in the crucible 120 come into contact with each other continuously or periodically in real time.
- the data ID may be provided to the controller 180.
- the image capturing unit 170 may provide the control unit 180 with image data ID when the length SHn of the shoulder 34 increases by 1 mm.
- the image capturing unit 170 acquires the image data ID of the shoulder 34 by photographing the interface 40 each time the length SHn of the shoulder 34 increases by 1 mm.
- the image data ID may be provided to the controller 180.
- the controller 180 uses the image data ID provided from the image capturing unit 170 and the length dn of the shoulder 34 using the length SHn of the shoulder 34 provided from the length measuring unit 165. Can be calculated.
- the controller 180 may calculate the diameter dn of the shoulder 34 by processing and analyzing the image data ID.
- the controller 180 may generate binarized image data by performing image binarization on the image data ID provided from the image capturing unit 170 based on a predetermined threshold value.
- the predetermined threshold may be a specific value belonging to a range of 1 to 255 in a grayscale image that may have 8 bits, that is, 256 levels of brightness information, or may be a predetermined numerical range. According to this binarized image data, only an image for the interface 40 can be represented.
- the image binarization technique used at this time can be divided into global method and local method.
- the global method may include a method using variance between classes, a method using entropy, a method using histogram transformation, a method of maintaining a moment, and the like.
- Local methods include window area methods (threshold value methods or comparison methods), local contrast techniques, logical level techniques, object attribute thresholding methods, Local Intensity Gradient Technique, Dynamic Threshold Algorithm, and the like.
- the controller 180 may extract coordinate samples (eg, pixel coordinate samples of the image) for the interface 40 from the binarized image data, and calculate a diameter dn of the shoulder 34 from the extracted coordinate samples. Can be.
- coordinate samples eg, pixel coordinate samples of the image
- the controller 180 may calculate the diameters dn and n ⁇ 1 of the shoulder 34 whenever the length SHn of the growing shoulder 34 increases by a predetermined increment.
- the controller 180 increases the length SHn of the shoulder 34 by a predetermined increment ⁇ h based on the length SHn of the shoulder 34 provided from the length measuring unit 165. You can determine if the increase.
- the preset increment ⁇ h may be a constant value (eg, 1 mm), but may not be constant.
- the controller 180 uses the image data ID provided by the image capturing unit 170 as described above to make the shoulder 34. ) The diameter dn of the lower surface can be measured.
- the controller 180 uses the length SHn of the shoulder 34, the density of the shoulder 34, and the calculated diameter dn of the shoulder 34 to form the entirety of the shoulder 34 grown by the shouldering process.
- the weight can be calculated.
- the controller 180 calculates the volume of the shoulder 34 using the length SHn of the shoulder 34 and the diameter dn of the shoulder 34, and calculates the calculated volume and density of the shoulder 34.
- the density of the shoulder 34 may be a value already known as the density of silicon, for example, 2.33 g / cm 3 .
- the controller 180 calculates the diameter dn of the shoulder 34 each time the length SHn of the shoulder 34 increases by a predetermined increment ⁇ h, and calculates the calculated diameter dn,
- the weight of the increased portion of the shoulder 34 may be calculated using the natural number of n ⁇ 1), the predetermined increment ⁇ h, and the density of the shoulder 34.
- the controller 180 may calculate the total weight of the shoulder 34 grown by the shouldering process by accumulating all of the increased shoulder 34 portions.
- the controller 180 may calculate the weight of the shoulder 34 directly from the image data ID acquired by the image capturing unit 170.
- the x axis represents the length of the shoulder 34 and the y axis represents the weight of the shoulder 34.
- g1 represents the actual weight of the shoulder 34.
- g2 represents the weight W1 of the shoulder 34 calculated by Equation 1
- g3 represents the weight W2 of the shoulder 34 calculated by Equation 2
- g4 is calculated by Equation 3
- the weight W3 of the shoulder 34 is shown.
- the preset increment ⁇ h may be 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm, and preferably 1 mm. If the preset increment ⁇ h is less than 0.5 mm, there is a problem that a large amount of calculation may cause a load to the controller 180 or take a long time, and the preset increment ⁇ h exceeds 1.5 mm. In this case, an error between the actual weight of the shoulder 34 and the calculated weight may occur.
- the controller 180 may calculate the amount of melted melt of the silicon melt SM during the shouldering process based on the calculated weight of the shoulder 34.
- the controller 180 may control the lifting unit 127 to control the position of the crucible 120 based on the calculated amount of melt.
- the lifting unit 127 controlled by the controller 180 may compensate for the error of the melt gap generated after the shouldering process by raising or lowering the crucible 120.
- the controller 180 may complete compensation for an error of the melt gap due to the shouldering process after the shouldering process and before the body growing process. For example, the controller 180 may raise the lifting unit 127 to raise the crucible 120 by the melt gap change value ⁇ D before and after the shouldering process before the body growing process.
- the controller 180 may control the lifting unit 127 to compensate for an error in the melt gap due to the shouldering process during the body growing process.
- the controller 180 sets the error correction time T according to the calculated weight of the shoulder 34, and raises the crucible at the first speed v1 during the error correction time T set during the body growing process. By doing so, it is possible to compensate for errors in the melt gap due to the shouldering process.
- the first speed v1 may be a value obtained by adding the third speed v3 to the second speed v2.
- the second speed v2 may be a speed of raising the crucible 120 during the body growing process to correct the melt gap error occurring during the body growing process.
- the second speed v2 may be 0.4 mm / min to 0.7 mm / min.
- the third speed v3 may be a speed added to compensate for the error of the melt gap due to the shouldering process.
- the third speed v3 may be 0.01 mm / min to 0.1 mm / min, and preferably 0.05 mm / min.
- the controller 180 raises the crucible 120 at the first speed v1 during the error correction time T after the body growing process starts, thereby causing a melt gap error and a body caused by the shouldering process. Simultaneously correct the melt gap error caused by the drawing process, and after the error correction time (T) has elapsed, the crucible 120 is raised at a second speed (v2) during the body growing process resulting from the body growing process. Only the melt gap error can be corrected.
- the error of the melt gap generated due to the shouldering process may be corrected in advance before or during the body growing process to ensure uniform quality reproducibility and stability of the silicon single crystal ingot. .
- FIGS. 6 is a flow chart of a melt gap compensation method in a single crystal silicon manufacturing process according to an embodiment.
- the single crystal silicon manufacturing apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described to explain the melt gap compensation method.
- the shouldering process is started, and at the same time, a portion of the interface 40 where the shoulder 34 and the silicon melt SM in the crucible 120 are in contact with each other using a CCD camera or the like is photographed.
- Image data (ID) is acquired (S610).
- the weight of the shoulder 34 growing in the shouldering process is calculated using the image data ID (S620).
- melt gap error generated due to the shouldering process is compensated based on the calculated weight of the shoulder 34 (S630).
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary embodiment of calculating a weight S620 of the shoulder 34 shown in FIG. 6.
- the diameter dn of the shoulder 34 is calculated using the image data ID (S710).
- the length SHn of the shoulder 34 growing by the length measuring unit 165 is measured (S720).
- the volume of the shoulder is calculated using the calculated diameter dn of the shoulder 34 and the measured length SHn of the shoulder 34 (S730).
- the volume and the shoulder of the calculated shoulder 34 are calculated.
- the total weight of the shoulder 34 grown by the shouldering process is calculated using the density of 34 (eg, the density of silicon) (S740).
- the weight of each of the increased shoulder portions is increased. After the calculation, the cumulative weight of the entire shoulder 34 may be calculated.
- FIG. 8 illustrates an embodiment of calculating the diameter dn of the shoulder 34 shown in FIG. 7.
- image data ID is converted by image binarization to generate binarized image data (S810).
- Image binarization may be the same as described above.
- coordinate samples eg, pixel coordinate samples of the image
- the diameter dn of the shoulder 34 is calculated from the extracted coordinate sample (S830).
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a method for calculating the weight of the shoulder 34 shown in FIG. 6.
- the length SHn of the shoulder 34 growing by the length measuring unit 165 is measured (S910).
- the initial value of n may be set to 1, and SH 0 is the case where the length of the shoulder is 0.
- the volume of the shoulder 34 is calculated using the calculated diameter dn of the shoulder 34 and the measured length SHn of the shoulder 34 (S940).
- the weight Wn of the shoulder 34 is calculated using the calculated volume of the shoulder 34 and the density of the shoulder 34 (S950).
- the target diameter may be the diameter of the body portion of the desired silicon single crystal ingot.
- n is updated to n + 1 (S970), and the above-described steps S910 to S960 are performed again.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of a method for calculating the weight of the shoulder 34 shown in FIG. 6.
- the shoulders are grown by the shouldering process by accumulating all the weights of the portions of the shoulder 34 corresponding to the preset increment ⁇ h.
- the total weight is calculated (S170).
- FIG. 11 illustrates an embodiment of the melt gap compensation S630 illustrated in FIG. 6.
- the melt gap is compensated based on the calculated shoulder weight (S220). That is, the amount of solidified melt of the silicon melt SM is calculated during the shouldering process based on the calculated weight of the shoulder 34, and the melt gap D2 or the shoulder after the shouldering process is calculated using the calculated amount of solidified melt.
- the error of the melt gap may be compensated for by the melt gap change value ⁇ D before and after the shouldering process.
- the body growing process of the silicon single crystal ingot is started (S230). Compensation of the melt gap error due to the shouldering process shown in FIG. 11 may be performed after the end of the shouldering process and before the body growing process.
- FIG. 12 illustrates another embodiment of the melt gap compensation S630 illustrated in FIG. 6.
- a correction time T and a first speed v1 are set based on the calculated shoulder weight (S310).
- the crucible 120 is raised at the first speed v1 during the correction time T to compensate for the melt gap error caused by the shouldering process (S310).
- Melt gap error also occurs due to the body growing process. To compensate for this, the melt gap caused by the body growing process is increased by elevating the crucible 120 at a second speed v2 during the body growing process. The error may be compensated for (S320).
- the first speed v1 is faster than the second speed v2.
- v1 v2 + v3.
- the second speed v2 may be 0.4 mm / min to 0.7 mm / min.
- the third speed v3 is the speed added to compensate for the error in the melt gap due to the shouldering process.
- the third speed v3 may be 0.01 mm / min to 0.1 mm / min, preferably 0.05 mm / min.
- the crucible 120 may be raised at the second speed v2 to compensate for the melt gap error caused by the body growing process (S330).
- Compensation of the melt gap error due to the shouldering process shown in FIG. 12 may be performed within the body growing process.
- Embodiments can be used in single crystal growth processes in wafer fabrication processes.
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Claims (14)
- 실리콘 융액이 수용된 도가니;상기 실리콘 융액으로부터 성장되는 실리콘 단결정을 둘러싸는 열실드;숄더링 공정에 의하여 성장하는 숄더(shoulder)를 촬영하고, 촬영된 결과에 따른 화상 데이터를 취득하는 화상 촬영부; 및상기 화상 데이터를 이용하여 상기 숄더의 무게를 산출하고, 산출된 상기 숄더의 무게에 기초하여 상기 도가니의 승강을 조절하는 제어부를 포함하는 실리콘 단결정 성장 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 단결정 실리콘 성장 장치는,상기 성장하는 숄더의 길이를 측정하고, 측정된 숄더의 길이를 상기 제어부에 제공하는 길이 측정부를 더 포함하는 실리콘 단결정 성장 장치.
- 제2항에 있어서, 상기 제어부는,상기 화상 데이터를 이용하여 상기 숄더의 직경을 산출하고, 산출된 숄더의 직경, 상기 길이 측정부로부터 제공되는 숄더의 길이, 및 상기 숄더의 밀도를 이용하여 상기 숄더의 무게를 산출하는 실리콘 단결정 성장 장치.
- 제3항에 있어서, 상기 제어부는,상기 숄더의 길이가 기설정된 증가분씩 증가할 때마다 상기 화상 촬영부로부터 제공되는 화상 데이터를 이용하여 상기 숄더의 직경을 산출하는 실리콘 단결정 성장 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제어부는,상기 숄더링 공정 종료 후 바디 그로잉 공정 전에 상기 도가니의 승강 조절을 완료하는 실리콘 단결정 성장 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제어부는,상기 산출된 상기 숄더의 무게에 따라 보정 시간 및 제1 속도를 설정하고, 바디 그로잉 공정이 시작되면 상기 보정 시간 동안에는 상기 제1 속도로 상기 도가니를 상승시키는 실리콘 단결정 성장 장치.
- 실리콘 융액을 수용하는 도가니와 열을 차폐하는 열실드가 설치된 챔버 내의 상기 실리콘 융액으로부터 숄더링(shouldering) 공정에 의하여 성장되는 실리콘 단결정인 숄더(shoulder)를 촬영하고, 촬영된 결과에 따른 화상 데이터를 취득하는 단계;상기 화상 데이터를 이용하여 상기 숄더의 무게를 산출하는 단계; 및산출된 상기 숄더의 무게에 기초하여 상기 실리콘 융액의 표면과 상기 열실드 사이의 간격인 멜트 갭을 보상하는 단계를 포함하는 실리콘 단결정 제조 방법.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 성장하는 숄더의 길이를 측정하고, 측정된 숄더의 길이를 상기 제어부에 제공하는 단계를 더 포함하는 실리콘 단결정 제조 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 숄더의 무게를 산출하는 단계는,상기 화상 데이터를 이용하여 상기 숄더의 직경을 산출하고, 산출된 숄더의 직경, 상기 측정된 숄더의 길이, 및 숄더의 밀도를 이용하여 상기 숄더의 무게를 산출하는 실리콘 단결정 제조 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 숄더의 무게를 산출하는 단계는,상기 숄더의 길이가 기설정된 증가분씩 증가할 때마다 상기 화상 데이터를 이용하여 상기 숄더의 직경을 산출하는 단계; 및상기 기설정된 증가분에 대응하여 산출되는 숄더의 무게를 누적하는 단계를 포함하는 실리콘 단결정 제조 방법.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 숄더링 공정 종료 후에 바디 그로잉 공정에 의하여 실리콘 단결정의 바디를 성장시키는 단계를 더 포함하며,상기 멜트 갭을 보상하는 단계는 상기 숄더링 공정 종료 후 바디 그로잉 공정 전에 수행되는 실리콘 단결정 제조 방법.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 숄더링 공정 종료 후에 바디 그로잉 공정에 의하여 실리콘 단결정의 바디를 성장시키는 단계를 더 포함하며,상기 멜트 갭을 보상하는 단계는 상기 바디 그로잉 공정 중에 수행되는 실리콘 단결정 제조 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 상기 멜트 갭을 보상하는 단계는,상기 산출된 상기 숄더의 무게에 따라 보정 시간 및 제1 속도를 설정하는 단계;상기 바디 그로잉 공정이 시작되면 상기 보정 시간 동안에 상기 제1 속도로 상기 도가니를 상승시켜 상기 멜트 갭을 보상하는 단계; 및상기 보정 시간이 경과하면 제2 속도로 상기 도가니를 상승시키는 단계를 포함하는 실리콘 단결정 제조 방법.
- 제13항에 있어서,상기 제1 속도는 상기 제2 속도 및 제3 속도를 합한 값이고, 상기 제2 속도는 0.4 ~ 0.7mm/min이고, 상기 제3 속도는 0.01mm/min ~ 0.1mm/min인 실리콘 단결정 제조 방법.
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