WO2013191067A1 - 尿素水噴射装置 - Google Patents
尿素水噴射装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013191067A1 WO2013191067A1 PCT/JP2013/066272 JP2013066272W WO2013191067A1 WO 2013191067 A1 WO2013191067 A1 WO 2013191067A1 JP 2013066272 W JP2013066272 W JP 2013066272W WO 2013191067 A1 WO2013191067 A1 WO 2013191067A1
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- urea water
- load
- amount
- control device
- emission amount
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2896—Liquid catalyst carrier
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- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N9/005—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus using models instead of sensors to determine operating characteristics of exhaust systems, e.g. calculating catalyst temperature instead of measuring it directly
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9495—Controlling the catalytic process
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- F01N2560/028—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting humidity or water
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- F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
- F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
- F01N2610/146—Control thereof, e.g. control of injectors or injection valves
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an exhaust purification device.
- it is related with the urea water injection apparatus for ships.
- a selective reduction type NOx catalyst (SCR catalyst) is disposed inside the exhaust pipe, and ammonia is used as a reducing agent.
- SCR catalyst selective reduction type NOx catalyst
- Exhaust gas purification devices that reduce nitrogen to water and nitrogen are known.
- the urea water is supplied into the exhaust gas from the urea water injection nozzle disposed inside the exhaust pipe, and ammonia is generated from the urea water by the heat of the exhaust gas, so that NOx is reduced to nitrogen and water.
- This exhaust purification device cannot reduce NOx to the target purification rate (insufficient denitration) if the amount of urea water added relative to the NOx emission amount is insufficient. Further, if the amount of urea water added relative to the NOx emission amount is excessive, NOx in the exhaust gas is reduced to an abnormal purification rate (overdenitration), and ammonia supplied in excess of the theoretical equivalent ratio enters the atmosphere. Released ammonia slip occurs. Accordingly, there is a type in which a NOx sensor is provided in the exhaust pipe and control is performed so that appropriate urea water is added to the NOx emission amount. For example, as in Patent Document 1.
- the NOx sensor of the exhaust gas purification device described in Patent Document 1 may not be able to accurately measure the NOx emission amount due to the interference of ammonia. Further, the NOx sensor has a short life, and is disadvantageous in that frequent maintenance work occurs in an internal combustion engine that operates for 24 hours like a marine engine.
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust purification device capable of adding an appropriate amount of urea water without directly measuring NOx emission using NOx measurement means. .
- the present invention relates to a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the atmosphere and the absolute humidity or relative humidity of the atmosphere in an exhaust purification device that reduces urea oxide in the exhaust gas by adding urea water as a reducing agent to the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine.
- a load detection means for detecting the load of the internal combustion engine are connected to correspond to the rotational speed detected by the rotational speed detection means from the map and the load detected by the load detection means.
- a quasi-NOx emission amount is calculated, and the reference NOx emission amount is calculated at the rotational speed and the load at the atmospheric temperature detected by the temperature sensor and the absolute humidity detected by the humidity sensor by the inverse calculation of the correction formula.
- the amount of urea water added is calculated based on the actual NOx emission amount in terms of the NOx emission amount.
- the addition amount is calculated in consideration of the target purification rate and the urea water concentration.
- the present invention it is possible to calculate the NOx emission amount based on the characteristics of the internal combustion engine while taking into consideration the atmospheric temperature and the atmospheric absolute humidity that have a great influence on the NOx exhaust amount. Accordingly, an appropriate amount of urea water can be added without directly measuring the NOx emission amount using the NOx sensor.
- the amount of urea water added can be adjusted according to the use conditions.
- an appropriate amount of urea water or ammonia can be added without directly measuring the NOx emission amount using the NOx sensor.
- the partial cross section figure which shows the urea water injection nozzle of the exhaust gas purification device which relates to one execution form of this invention.
- the flowchart figure which shows the control procedure of the addition amount of urea water which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention.
- upstream side indicates the upstream side in the fluid flow direction
- downstream side indicates the downstream side in the fluid flow direction.
- the exhaust device is not limited to the present embodiment, and may be an airless system that does not use pressurized air.
- the exhaust purification device 1 purifies exhaust exhausted from the engine 20.
- the exhaust purification device 1 is provided in an exhaust pipe 21 of the engine 20.
- the exhaust purification device 1 includes a urea water injection nozzle 2, a pressurized air supply pump (compressor) 6, a pressurized air valve 8, a urea water supply pump 9, a switching valve 11, a control device 14, a temperature sensor 12, a humidity sensor 13, A first supply channel 15, a second supply channel 16, a NOx catalyst 19 and the like are provided.
- the urea water injection nozzle 2 supplies urea water into the exhaust pipe 21.
- the urea water injection nozzle 2 is composed of a tubular member, and is provided so that one side (downstream side) thereof is inserted from the outside to the inside of the exhaust pipe 21.
- the urea water injection nozzle 2 includes a double pipe 3, a liquid nozzle 4, an air nozzle 5 and the like (see FIG. 2).
- the pressurized air supply pump (compressor) 6 supplies pressurized air.
- the pressurized air supply pump 6 supplies air after being pressurized (compressed).
- the pressurized air supply pump 6 supplies air to the air tank 7 when the pressure of the air tank 7 falls below a predetermined pressure, and stops when the pressure of the air tank 7 reaches the predetermined pressure.
- the pressurized air supply pump 6 is not particularly limited in the present embodiment, and may be any pump that can maintain the pressure of the air tank 7.
- the pressurized air valve 8 communicates or blocks the flow path of the pressurized air.
- the pressurized air valve 8 is provided in the second supply channel 16.
- the pressurized air valve 8 is composed of an electromagnetic valve, and a solenoid is connected to the control device 14.
- the pressurized air valve 8 can be switched to the position V and the position W by sliding the spool. When the pressurized air valve 8 is in the position V, the second supply channel 16 is blocked. Therefore, pressurized air is not supplied to the urea water injection nozzle 2. When the pressurized air valve 8 is in the position W, the second supply channel 16 is communicated. Therefore, pressurized air is supplied to the urea water injection nozzle 2.
- the pressurized air valve 8 is not particularly limited, and may be configured to be held at the position V or the position W by a drive motor or the like.
- the urea water supply pump 9 supplies urea water.
- the urea water supply pump 9 is provided in the first supply flow path 15.
- the urea water supply pump 9 supplies the urea water in the urea water tank 10 to the urea water injection nozzle 2 through the first supply channel 15 at a predetermined flow rate.
- the urea water supply pump 9 is not particularly limited in this embodiment, and any urea water supply pump 9 may be used as long as it can supply urea water at a predetermined flow rate.
- Switch valve 11 switches the urea water flow path.
- the switching valve 11 is provided on the downstream side of the urea water supply pump 9 in the first supply flow path 15. Further, a drain pot 17 is connected to the switching valve 11 via a flow path 15a.
- the switching valve 11 is composed of an electromagnetic valve, and a solenoid is connected to the control device 14. The switching valve 11 can be switched to position X and position Y by sliding the spool.
- the switching valve 11 When the switching valve 11 is in the position X, the first supply flow path 15 is shut off, and the urea water injection nozzle 2 and the drain pot 17 are communicated. Accordingly, the urea water is not supplied to the urea water injection nozzle 2, and the urea water in the first supply flow path 15 and the urea water injection nozzle 2 on the downstream side of the switching valve 11 is discharged to the drain pot 17. .
- the switching valve 11 is in the position Y, the first supply flow path 15 is communicated. Therefore, urea water is supplied to the urea water injection nozzle 2.
- the temperature sensor 12 detects the atmospheric temperature T.
- the temperature sensor 12 is installed in a place where the temperature T of the atmosphere sucked by the engine 20 can be detected, such as an engine room in a ship.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and any device that can detect the atmospheric temperature T and can transmit the detection signal to the control device 14 may be used.
- the humidity sensor 13 detects the absolute humidity H of the atmosphere.
- the humidity sensor 13 is installed in a place where the absolute humidity H of the atmosphere sucked by the engine 20 can be detected, such as an engine room in a ship.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and any device that can detect the absolute humidity H and can transmit the detection signal to the control device 14 may be used.
- the relative humidity may be detected and the detection signal transmitted to the control device 14 to calculate the absolute humidity H based on the atmospheric temperature T.
- the control device 14 controls the urea water supply pump 9, the switching valve 11, the pressurized air valve 8, and the like.
- the control device 14 stores various programs and data for controlling the urea water supply pump 9, the switching valve 11, the pressurized air valve 8, and the like.
- the control device 14 may be configured such that a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, an HDD, and the like are connected by a bus, or may be configured by a one-chip LSI or the like.
- the control device 14 can also be configured integrally with the ECU 22 that controls the engine 20.
- the actual NOx emission amount which is the amount of NOx contained in the exhaust gas of the engine 20 operated at each rotation speed and each load at a predetermined atmospheric temperature and predetermined absolute humidity, is known or measured.
- a map M converted to a reference NOx emission amount Ns that is the amount of NOx at each rotation speed and each load in a standard state (for example, 10.71 g / kg at 25 ° C.) is stored by a correction equation F that is an equation.
- the actual NOx emission amount when an arbitrary load is applied to the engine 20 at an arbitrary rotational speed at a predetermined atmospheric temperature and predetermined absolute humidity is measured under each operating condition.
- the actual NOx emission amount is converted into the reference NOx emission amount Ns in the standard state by the correction formula F based on the atmospheric temperature and the absolute humidity at the time of measurement.
- a map M of the reference NOx emission amount Ns created in this way is stored.
- the control device 14 stores a correction formula F.
- the control device 14 is connected to the solenoid of the pressurized air valve 8 and can control the opening and closing of the pressurized air valve 8.
- the control device 14 is connected to the drive motor of the urea water supply pump 9 and can control the operation state of the urea water supply pump 9. That is, the control device 14 can arbitrarily change the addition amount Q of the urea water added to the exhaust gas by controlling the operation state of the urea water supply pump 9.
- the control device 14 is connected to the solenoid of the switching valve 11 and can control the opening and closing of the switching valve 11.
- the control device 14 is connected to the temperature sensor 12 and can acquire a signal of the atmospheric temperature T detected by the temperature sensor 12.
- the control device 14 is connected to the humidity sensor 13 and can acquire a signal of the absolute humidity H of the atmosphere detected by the humidity sensor 13. It is also possible to detect the relative humidity, transmit the detection signal to the control device 14, and calculate the absolute humidity H by the control device 14 using the atmospheric temperature T.
- the control device 14 is connected to the ECU 22 and can acquire various types of information related to the engine 20 acquired by the ECU 22. Specifically, the control device 14 can acquire the rotational speed R of the engine 20 detected by the rotational speed sensor 20a of the engine 20 via the ECU 22. Further, the control device 14 can acquire the output of the generator 23 detected by the load sensor 23 a of the generator 23 driven by the engine 20 via the ECU 22 as the load L of the engine 20.
- the load L is not limited to the detection value from the load sensor 23a, and may be calculated from the rack position, the fuel injection amount, the actual rotational speed, and the like.
- the control apparatus 14 may acquire each information regarding the engine 20 directly not via ECU22.
- the control device 14 is connected to an input device (not shown), and can acquire a signal regarding the target purification rate and urea water concentration input from the input device. Alternatively, it is possible to input and define the target purification rate and the concentration of urea water in advance.
- the NOx catalyst 19 promotes a NOx reduction reaction.
- the NOx catalyst 19 is disposed inside the exhaust pipe 21 and downstream of the urea water injection nozzle 2.
- the NOx catalyst 19 is formed in a honeycomb shape, and promotes a reaction of reducing NOx contained in exhaust gas into nitrogen and water by ammonia generated by heat and hydrolysis of urea water.
- the method of the urea water injection nozzle 2 is not limited to the present embodiment, and an external mixing type urea injection nozzle may be used. Further, it may be a fluid nozzle used in the case of an airless exhaust purification apparatus that does not use pressurized air.
- the urea water injection nozzle 2 includes a double pipe 3, a liquid nozzle 4, an air nozzle 5, and the like.
- the double pipe 3 is a main component of the urea water injection nozzle 2 and constitutes a urea water flow path and a pressurized air flow path.
- the double pipe 3 is arranged so that one side is located inside the exhaust pipe 21 and the other side (upstream side) is located outside the exhaust pipe 21.
- the downstream end of the double pipe 3 is arranged upstream of the NOx catalyst 19 arranged inside the exhaust pipe 21.
- the double pipe 3 includes an outer pipe 3b and an inner pipe 3a arranged inside the outer pipe 3b.
- the inner pipe 3a includes a urea water flow path 3c that is a flow path of urea water.
- a gas flow channel 3d that is a flow channel of pressurized air is formed in the gap between the inner tube 3a and the outer tube 3b.
- a connecting portion (not shown) that can be connected to the exhaust pipe 21 in a watertight manner is formed in the middle part of the outside of the outer pipe 3b.
- a female screw portion 3e and a male screw portion 3f are formed at the downstream end portion of the inner tube 3a and the downstream end portion of the outer tube 3b.
- a urea water supply port 3g that communicates with the urea water flow path 3c and a gas supply port 3h that communicates with the gas flow path 3d are configured.
- the urea water is supplied to the liquid nozzle 4.
- the liquid nozzle 4 is formed of a substantially cylindrical member and is disposed on the downstream side of the double pipe 3.
- One end (downstream side) end of the liquid nozzle 4 is formed in a substantially conical shape with the axial center as a center.
- a substantially cylindrical convex portion 4a is formed in the central portion of the end portion so as to protrude in the axial direction.
- a male screw portion 4b is formed at the other end (upstream side) end of the liquid nozzle 4 so as to protrude in the axial direction.
- a urea water flow path 4c is formed in the axial center portion of the liquid nozzle 4 so as to penetrate the entire liquid nozzle 4 in the axial direction from the male screw portion 4b to the convex portion 4a.
- the urea water channel 4c is reduced in diameter toward the downstream side in the middle, and the inner diameter of the downstream end of the urea water channel 4c is formed to be smaller than the inner diameter of the upstream end of the urea water channel 4c.
- the male screw portion 4 b is screwed into the female screw portion 3 e of the double pipe 3.
- the double pipe 3 and the liquid nozzle 4 are connected, and the urea water flow path 4c and the urea water flow path 3c of the double pipe 3 are communicated.
- urea water can be supplied from the urea water flow path 3c of the double pipe 3 to the urea water flow path 4c.
- the atomized urea water is injected to the air nozzle 5.
- the air nozzle 5 is formed from a substantially cylindrical member.
- the air nozzle 5 is arranged on the downstream side of the liquid nozzle 4 so that the other side (upstream side) end abuts on the downstream side end of the double pipe 3.
- a collar portion 5 a is formed on the side surface of the upstream end portion of the air nozzle 5.
- a hole having a substantially conical diameter-reducing portion whose diameter is reduced toward one side (downstream side) in the middle portion passes through the axial center portion of the air nozzle 5 from the upstream end toward the downstream end. Formed as follows.
- the upstream end of the hole is formed to have an inner diameter to the extent that a compressed air can pass even if the downstream end of the liquid nozzle 4 is inserted.
- a mixing channel 5c of urea water is formed in the axial center portion of the reduced diameter side end of the reduced diameter portion.
- An injection port 5e which is an opening of the mixing channel 5c, is formed at the downstream end of the air nozzle 5.
- the air nozzle 5 is connected to the double pipe 3 by a nut 5b.
- the downstream end of the liquid nozzle 4 is inserted into the upstream hole (mixing channel 5 c) of the air nozzle 5.
- a gap is formed between the hole of the air nozzle 5 and the liquid nozzle 4.
- the gap is configured to communicate with the gas flow path 3d of the double pipe 3 and the mixing flow path 5c as the gas flow path 5d.
- urea water is supplied from the urea water channel 4c of the liquid nozzle 4 to the mixing channel 5c, and pressurized air is supplied from the gas channel 5d. That is, the air nozzle 5 is configured to be capable of injecting urea water from the injection port 5e by being screwed into the double pipe 3.
- the urea water injection nozzle 2 includes the liquid nozzle 4 and the air nozzle 5 that inject urea water at one end (downstream side), and is configured to inject urea water toward the NOx catalyst 19. Is done.
- the configuration of the urea water injection nozzle 2 includes the urea water flow channel 4c, the gas flow channel 5d, and the mixing flow channel 5c from the liquid nozzle 4 and the air nozzle 5, but is particularly limited. Instead, the urea water flow path 4c, the gas flow path 5d, and the mixing flow path 5c may be configured.
- the air tank 7 is connected to the gas supply port 3 h of the urea water injection nozzle 2 through the pressurized air valve 8 through the second supply flow path 16.
- the pressurized air valve 8 is normally held at the position V. In this case, since the second supply passage 16 is closed, the pressurized air is not supplied to the gas supply port 3 h of the urea water injection nozzle 2.
- the pressurized air valve 8 When the control device 14 energizes the solenoid of the pressurized air valve 8, the pressurized air valve 8 is switched from the position V to the position W. In this case, since the second supply channel 16 is communicated, the pressurized air is supplied to the gas supply port 3 h of the urea water injection nozzle 2.
- the pressurized air valve 8 When the control device 14 stops energizing the solenoid of the pressurized air valve 8, the pressurized air valve 8 is switched to the position V. In this case, since the second supply channel 16 is closed, the pressurized air is not supplied to the gas supply port 3 h of the urea water injection nozzle 2.
- the urea water tank 10 is connected to the urea water supply port 3g of the urea water injection nozzle 2 by the first supply flow path 15 via the urea water supply pump 9 and the switching valve 11.
- the switching valve 11 is normally held at the position X. In this case, since the first supply flow path 15 is closed, the urea water is not supplied to the urea water supply port 3 g of the urea water injection nozzle 2. Further, the urea water supply port 3g of the urea water injection nozzle 2 is opened to the atmosphere in the drain pot 17 via the flow path 15a.
- the switching valve 11 When the control device 14 energizes the solenoid of the switching valve 11, the switching valve 11 is switched to the position Y. In this case, since the first supply flow path 15 is communicated, the urea water is supplied to the urea water supply port 3 g of the urea water injection nozzle 2. Further, the communication with the drain pot 17 is blocked, and the urea water supply port 3g of the urea water injection nozzle 2 is not opened to the atmosphere.
- the switching valve 11 When the control device 14 stops energizing the solenoid of the switching valve 11, the switching valve 11 is switched to the position X. In this case, since the first supply flow path 15 is closed, the urea water is not supplied to the urea water supply port 3 g of the urea water injection nozzle 2. Further, since the drain water is communicated with the drain pot 17, the urea water supply port 3 g of the urea water injection nozzle 2 is opened to the atmosphere in the drain pot 17.
- the control device 14 sets the position of the switching valve 11 to the position X, whereby the urea water injection nozzle 2 ( The supply of urea water to the urea water supply port 3g of the double pipe 3) is stopped.
- the urea water supply port 3 g of the double pipe 3 is opened to the atmosphere via the first supply flow path 15 and the switching valve 11.
- control device 14 controls the operation state of the urea water supply pump 9 in the following steps.
- step S110 the control device 14 acquires a signal of the atmospheric temperature T from the temperature sensor 12, and acquires a signal of the atmospheric absolute humidity H from the humidity sensor 13. Further, a signal of the rotational speed R of the engine 20 is acquired from the rotational speed sensor 20a, and a signal of the load L of the engine 20 is acquired from the load sensor 23a.
- step S140 the control device 14 determines the urea water addition amount Q required to reduce the actual NOx emission amount Nr from the arbitrarily set target purification rate and urea water concentration.
- step S150 the control device 14 controls the operation state of the urea water supply pump 9 so that the urea water supplied by the urea water supply pump 9 is added to the exhaust by the addition amount Q. Thereafter, the control device 14 returns the step to step S110.
- the above-described control calculates that the actual NOx emission amount Nr has decreased to Nr2, and controls the urea water supply pump 9 so that the urea water addition amount Q becomes Q2, which is an appropriate addition amount. Further, when the actual NOx emission amount Nr increases to Nr3, there occurs a shortage of denitration that cannot reduce NOx to the target purification rate (see point B). Therefore, the actual NOx emission amount Nr is increased to Nr3 by the above-described control, and the urea water supply pump 9 is controlled so that the urea water addition amount Q becomes Q3 which is an appropriate addition amount.
- the temperature sensor 12 that detects the temperature T of the atmosphere in the exhaust gas purification apparatus 1 that reduces the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas by adding urea water as the reducing agent to the exhaust gas of the engine 20 that is an internal combustion engine
- a humidity sensor 13 that detects absolute humidity H or relative humidity
- a control device 14 that calculates the amount of urea water added are provided.
- the control device 14 is an engine at a predetermined atmospheric temperature and an absolute humidity in a predetermined atmosphere.
- a map M is stored in which the actual NOx emission amount Nr at each rotation number and load at 20 is converted to the reference NOx emission amount Ns at each rotation number and load at the standard state by the correction formula F.
- a rotational speed sensor 20a which is a rotational speed detection means for detecting the rotational speed of the engine 23 and a load sensor 23a of the generator 23 which is a load detection means for detecting the load of the engine 20 are connected, and the reference NOx emission amount Ns corresponding to the rotation speed R detected by the rotation speed sensor 20a and the load L detected by the load sensor 23a is calculated from the map M, and the reference NOx emission amount Ns is calculated back to the correction formula F. Is converted into the actual NOx emission amount Nr at the rotation speed R and the load L at the atmospheric temperature T detected by the temperature sensor 12 and the absolute humidity H of the atmosphere detected by the humidity sensor 13, and based on the actual NOx emission amount Nr. The addition amount Q of urea water is calculated.
- the addition amount Q is calculated in consideration of the target purification rate and the urea water concentration. By comprising in this way, the addition amount Q of urea water can be adjusted according to use conditions. Accordingly, an appropriate amount of urea water can be added without directly measuring the actual NOx emission amount Nr using the NOx sensor.
- the present invention can be used particularly for a marine waste purification apparatus.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
切替弁11が位置Yの状態にある場合、第一供給流路15は連通される。従って、尿素水噴射ノズル2には、尿素水が供給される。
このように構成することにより、使用条件に応じて尿素水の添加量Qを調整することができる。これにより、NOxセンサを用いて実NOx排出量Nrを直接測定することなく適切な量の尿素水を添加することができる。
12 温度センサ
13 湿度センサ
14 制御装置
20 エンジン
20a 回転数センサ
23a 負荷センサ
R 回転数
W 負荷
Ns 基準NOx排出量
Nr 実NOx排出量
Q 添加量
Claims (2)
- 尿素水を還元剤として内燃機関の排気に添加して排気中の窒素酸化物を還元する排気浄化装置において、
大気の温度を検出する温度センサと、
大気の絶対湿度もしくは相対湿度を検出する湿度センサと、
尿素水の添加量を算出する制御装置と、を具備し、
前記制御装置は、
所定の大気の温度および所定の大気の絶対湿度における前記内燃機関の各回転数および各負荷での実NOx排出量を補正式によって標準状態における前記内燃機関の各回転数および各負荷での基準NOx排出量に換算したマップが格納され、
前記内燃機関の回転数を検出する回転数検出手段と前記内燃機関の負荷を検出する負荷検出手段とが接続され、
前記マップから前記回転数検出手段が検出した回転数および前記負荷検出手段が検出した負荷に対応する基準NOx排出量を算出し、当該基準NOx排出量を前記補正式の逆算によって前記温度センサが検出した大気の温度および前記湿度センサが検出した大気の絶対湿度における前記回転数および前記負荷での実NOx排出量に換算し、当該実NOx排出量に基づいて尿素水の添加量を算出する尿素水噴射装置。 - 前記添加量は、目標浄化率および尿素水濃度を考慮して算出される請求項1に記載の尿素水噴射装置。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201380032571.7A CN104583549A (zh) | 2012-06-21 | 2013-06-12 | 尿素水喷射装置 |
EP13806650.1A EP2878779B1 (en) | 2012-06-21 | 2013-06-12 | Urea solution injection device |
US14/409,277 US20150176453A1 (en) | 2012-06-21 | 2013-06-12 | Urea solution injection device |
KR1020157001688A KR20150030250A (ko) | 2012-06-21 | 2013-06-12 | 요소수 분사 장치 |
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JP2012-140014 | 2012-06-21 | ||
JP2012140014A JP2014005745A (ja) | 2012-06-21 | 2012-06-21 | 尿素水噴射装置 |
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WO2013191067A1 true WO2013191067A1 (ja) | 2013-12-27 |
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US (1) | US20150176453A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2878779B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2014005745A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20150030250A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104583549A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2013191067A1 (ja) |
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JP6032985B2 (ja) * | 2012-07-18 | 2016-11-30 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 還元剤注入装置及び脱硝装置 |
KR101601520B1 (ko) * | 2014-10-30 | 2016-03-08 | 두산엔진주식회사 | 선택적 촉매 환원 시스템 및 선택적 촉매 환원 방법 |
KR101601519B1 (ko) * | 2014-10-30 | 2016-03-08 | 두산엔진주식회사 | 선택적 촉매 환원 시스템 및 선택적 촉매 환원 방법 |
CN105649722B (zh) * | 2014-12-04 | 2018-03-06 | 财团法人车辆研究测试中心 | 选择性还原触媒的自适应控制方法及系统 |
JP6432456B2 (ja) * | 2015-06-30 | 2018-12-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
KR102447698B1 (ko) * | 2016-03-31 | 2022-09-29 | 에이치에스디엔진 주식회사 | 환원제 공급 시스템 및 이의 운용 방법 |
DE102016208171A1 (de) * | 2016-05-12 | 2017-11-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verbessern der Rücksaugbarkeit von Reduktionsmittel in einem Abgasreduktionssystem |
KR101790881B1 (ko) | 2016-06-21 | 2017-10-26 | 주식회사 현대케피코 | 요소수 분사 장치 |
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KR102348619B1 (ko) * | 2019-12-30 | 2022-01-07 | 고등기술연구원연구조합 | 선택적 촉매환원 학습 시스템 및 선택적 촉매환원 학습 방법 |
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EP2878779A1 (en) | 2015-06-03 |
US20150176453A1 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
JP2014005745A (ja) | 2014-01-16 |
EP2878779B1 (en) | 2017-08-30 |
EP2878779A4 (en) | 2016-03-23 |
CN104583549A (zh) | 2015-04-29 |
KR20150030250A (ko) | 2015-03-19 |
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