WO2013189113A1 - 一种靶向性分子成像探针及活体分子成像方法 - Google Patents
一种靶向性分子成像探针及活体分子成像方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013189113A1 WO2013189113A1 PCT/CN2012/079344 CN2012079344W WO2013189113A1 WO 2013189113 A1 WO2013189113 A1 WO 2013189113A1 CN 2012079344 W CN2012079344 W CN 2012079344W WO 2013189113 A1 WO2013189113 A1 WO 2013189113A1
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- imaging
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K51/00—Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo
- A61K51/02—Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo characterised by the carrier, i.e. characterised by the agent or material covalently linked or complexing the radioactive nucleus
- A61K51/04—Organic compounds
- A61K51/08—Peptides, e.g. proteins, carriers being peptides, polyamino acids, proteins
- A61K51/088—Peptides, e.g. proteins, carriers being peptides, polyamino acids, proteins conjugates with carriers being peptides, polyamino acids or proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K49/00—Preparations for testing in vivo
- A61K49/0002—General or multifunctional contrast agents, e.g. chelated agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K49/00—Preparations for testing in vivo
- A61K49/001—Preparation for luminescence or biological staining
- A61K49/0013—Luminescence
- A61K49/0017—Fluorescence in vivo
- A61K49/0019—Fluorescence in vivo characterised by the fluorescent group, e.g. oligomeric, polymeric or dendritic molecules
- A61K49/0021—Fluorescence in vivo characterised by the fluorescent group, e.g. oligomeric, polymeric or dendritic molecules the fluorescent group being a small organic molecule
- A61K49/0032—Methine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K49/00—Preparations for testing in vivo
- A61K49/001—Preparation for luminescence or biological staining
- A61K49/0013—Luminescence
- A61K49/0017—Fluorescence in vivo
- A61K49/005—Fluorescence in vivo characterised by the carrier molecule carrying the fluorescent agent
- A61K49/0056—Peptides, proteins, polyamino acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K49/00—Preparations for testing in vivo
- A61K49/22—Echographic preparations; Ultrasound imaging preparations ; Optoacoustic imaging preparations
- A61K49/222—Echographic preparations; Ultrasound imaging preparations ; Optoacoustic imaging preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, liposomes
- A61K49/223—Microbubbles, hollow microspheres, free gas bubbles, gas microspheres
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of medical technology, in particular to a Cx43 targeting molecular imaging probe and a living molecular imaging method.
- Gap junction remodeling is one of the common pathological basis of the occurrence and development of diseases such as arrhythmia, tumor and atherosclerosis, and connexin43 (Cx43) is the basic structure of gap junction.
- the unit is the main structural basis for the formation of gap junctions between cardiomyocytes.
- Cx43 is a connexin with a molecular weight of 43 Kd, whose main function is to mediate direct communication between adjacent cells.
- its main role is to form a rapid electrical impulse between cells, to ensure the synchronization and coordination of the overall electrical activity of the heart, to maintain the electrical activity of myocardial cells and the synchronization of mechanical contraction and diastolic function.
- Cx43 gap junction reconstruction is the basis of various arrhythmias, especially the important structural basis of reentry tachycardia, and the most important cause of death and sudden death of various heart diseases.
- Cx43 is involved in various cell life cycle from growth to death, directly mediating the transmission of cell growth regulatory signals between adjacent cells, regulating cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis.
- Abnormal Cx43 will directly lead to abnormal cell growth regulation, loss of contact inhibition, terminal differentiation and apoptosis, and manifested as prolonged or immortal cell life cycle, leading to tumorigenesis.
- Cx43 has become a new research focus in the field of cardiovascular diseases and cancer research at home and abroad as a common molecular target for antiarrhythmia therapy and antitumor therapy.
- a variety of in vitro studies have also been developed for the analysis of the number and function (including phosphorylation status) of Cx43.
- Imaging refers to a subject that uses imaging methods to image, qualitatively and quantitatively study the biological processes at the cellular and molecular levels in humans or animals in a living state. It uses a molecular probe as a distinguishing feature to image specific targets in the body using a variety of imaging methods. Imaging methods include: radionuclide imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance imaging (MRRS), optical imaging (01), ultrasound imaging (ultrasound) Imaging, US) and integration of multi-mode imaging. With these imaging techniques, certain specific physiological or pathological processes within the living system, such as gene expression, protein-protein interactions, signal transduction, cell metabolism, and cell traceability, can be visualized as intuitive images.
- V Baklaushev et al. performed a Cx43 visualization scheme to synthesize a specific antibody targeting the extracellular E2 segment of Cx43 protein as a targeting affinity component, using a radioisotope 125 1 and a fluorescent dye Alexa660 as a signal component probe, using a gamma ray counter and Fluorescence microscopy was used to detect the abnormal expression of Cx43 in brain gel shield tumors, but it still did not get rid of the limitations of in vitro examination methods:
- 125 1 is not a nuclides suitable for live imaging. It can only be detected by gamma ray counter, and the results are not intuitive enough. So the study was in the intravenous probe
- Alexa660 is not a fluorescent dye suitable for in vivo imaging. It can only be used for immunohistochemical staining analysis. Therefore, after intravenous injection of the probe Alexa660-MAbE2Cx43, the animal was sacrificed, tissue was obtained, and frozen sections were prepared. The organization conducted an analysis;
- the MAbE2Cx43 antibody is used as an affinity component, and the antibody is expensive and may cause an immunogenic reaction leading to side effects. More importantly, due to the large molecular weight of the antibody, the non-specific absorption will be high. It is not easy to obtain the ideal pharmacokinetic characteristics and biological distribution characteristics after injection into the body, resulting in inaccurate detection results and inconvenient application. There is a need for in vivo detection and quantification of Cx43. Summary of the invention
- the technical problem mainly solved by the present invention is the problem of in vivo detection and quantification of Cx43.
- the in vivo detection and quantification of Cx43 by living molecular imaging technology can determine the dynamic changes of Cx43 expression, distribution, function and disease development in vivo, and determine the optimal time and dose of Cx43 targeted therapy intervention.
- Cx43 targeted therapy efficacy monitoring can be constructed.
- the invention provides a method of imaging a living molecule, the method comprising: providing a Cx43 targeting molecular probe comprising a signal component, a targeting affinity component, and a linker a three-part composition, the signal component being a moiety detectable by an imaging device, the targeted affinity component being a moiety that specifically binds to Cx43, the linker will signal component and a targeted affinity group Connected together
- the targeting affinity component specifically binds to the carboxy terminus of Cx43. More preferably, the targeted affinity component is selected from the group consisting of:
- RXP-A the amino acid sequence of which is shown in SEQ ID No. l;
- RXP-B the amino acid sequence of which is shown in SEQ ID No. 2;
- RXP-C the amino acid sequence of which is shown in SEQ ID No. 3;
- RXP-D the amino acid sequence of which is shown in SEQ ID No. 4;
- RXP-E the amino acid sequence of which is shown in SEQ ID No. 5.
- the signal component is selected from one or more of a radioisotope, a fluorescent dye, a quantum dot, a paramagnetic material, a magnetic nanoparticle, a superparamagnetic material, an ultrasonic microbubble, and a photoacoustic nanoparticle.
- the linker is selected from the group consisting of DTPA, DOTA, DOTAGA, NOTA, NOD AG A, TETA, CB-TE2A, Sar, NODA, etc. or other directly linking the signal component and the Cx43 targeting affinity component directly. chemical method.
- the invention provides a targeted molecular probe, by signal component, targeting
- the affinity component and the linker connecting the signal component and the targeted affinity component are three-part, the signal component is a moiety detectable by the imaging device, and the targeted affinity component is A portion of Cx43 that specifically binds, the linker linking the signal component to the targeted affinity component.
- the targeting affinity component of the targeting molecular probe specifically binds to the carboxyl terminus of Cx43.
- the targeted affinity component is selected from the group consisting of:
- Cx43SP4 including 5 analogues with RXP-X structure, has the following sequence:
- the signal component is selected from one or more of a radioisotope, a fluorescent dye, a quantum dot, a paramagnetic material, a magnetic nanoparticle, a superparamagnetic material, an ultrasonic microbubble, and a photoacoustic nanoparticle.
- the linker is selected from a chelating agent such as DTPA, DOTA, DOTAGA, NOTA, NODAGA, TETA, CB-TE2A, Sar, NODA, or other direct chemical reaction to directly link the signal component to the Cx43 affinity component.
- Molecular probe A labeled compound that binds specifically to a specific biomolecule (such as protein, DNA, RNA) or cellular structure and is available for in vivo or (and) in vitro imaging. Molecules, these labeled compound molecules are capable of reflecting the amount and/or function of their target biomolecules in vivo or (and) ex vivo. It can be easily understood as a molecular imaging diagnostic drug.
- a specific biomolecule such as protein, DNA, RNA
- Probes must have the following two important characteristics: 1 High affinity and targeting specificity for target molecules closely related to disease; 2 Traceable for imaging equipment in vitro. Probes are primarily used to image, quantify, and measure biological processes in vivo.
- the basic structure is generally divided into three parts: the signaling component, the affinity component, and the linker.
- a signal component is a portion of a contrast agent or marker that can produce an imaging signal and can be detected by high-precision imaging techniques (such as radionuclides, fluorescein, paramagnetic atoms, and ultrasonic microbubbles);
- a molecule is a moiety (such as a ligand or antibody, etc.) that specifically binds to an imaging target.
- the signal component and the affinity component can be directly connected by radiochemical or biomolecular link chemistry, or they can be linked by a linker, ie, a crosslinking reagent or a derivatizing reagents.
- the invention provides a Cx43 molecular targeting specific probe, which is composed of radioisotopes, fluorescent dyes, quantum dots, nanoparticles, magnetic materials, ultrasonic microbubbles, photoacoustic imaging materials and multi-modal imaging methods.
- the marker Cx43 is targeted to specifically bind to the polypeptide.
- PET positron emission tomography
- SPECT single photon emission tomography
- optical imaging ultrasound imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, photoacoustic imaging and multi-modal imaging, etc.
- Cx43 targeting molecules have high imaging specificity, high accuracy, good contrast of images, suitable for cardiovascular diseases (especially arrhythmia), diagnosis of tumors, Cx43 Targeted therapy efficacy monitoring, identifying the optimal time and dose of targeted therapy intervention, and accurately and objectively evaluating the efficacy of "reconstructive Cx43" therapy.
- cardiovascular diseases especially arrhythmia
- Cx43 Targeted therapy efficacy monitoring identifying the optimal time and dose of targeted therapy intervention, and accurately and objectively evaluating the efficacy of "reconstructive Cx43" therapy.
- it provides an effective method for basic research on tumor and cardiovascular diseases, and provides a new means for studying the correlation between Cx43 and the occurrence and development characteristics of diseases.
- the invention also provides an imaging composition comprising the above-described targeted molecular probe.
- the invention also provides the use of the targeted molecular probe in the preparation of a medicament for diagnosing a Cx43 expression-related disorder.
- the Cx43 expression-associated disease is a disease characterized by Cx43 expression or dysfunction, mainly including arrhythmia or tumor.
- the invention establishes a non-invasive and intuitive Cx43 living molecular imaging method, synthesizes a probe for detecting imaging equipment, visually displays the distribution and quantity of Cx43, and initially evaluates its function, and the technology has established safety, non-invasive, living, dynamic, Intuitive, accurate, and directly applicable to the human body.
- the Cx43 targeted imaging diagnostic drug (molecular probe) developed by the invention has good pharmacokinetic characteristics and biological distribution characteristics, and the detection result is more accurate, the application is more convenient, and the image is visually reflected. Biochemical characteristics of diseases such as arrhythmias and tumors.
- Non-specific probes used in imaging and nuclear medicine examinations do not specifically recognize and bind biomolecules in the body, and therefore can only provide information (anatomical, pathological, and physiological changes) downstream of disease molecules, or the overall morphology and function of the disease. Information, such as changes in blood flow, changes in blood perfusion.
- probes are required to specifically recognize and bind to molecular markers in vivo, provide information on the molecular level of the disease, and deepen understanding of the biological processes of the disease.
- the use of targeting-specific probes can effectively reduce the non-specific binding of probes to other non-imaging targets, and is more conducive to accurate quantification of imaging targets.
- the visualization of key molecular markers in the development of the disease requires that the probe has an emission imaging signal that can be used for non-invasive imaging equipment to detect in vitro performance, and the distribution of molecular markers is visually displayed through the image. Because imaging examinations are safe, non-invasive, and intuitive.
- the ideal molecular imaging image is obtained on the premise that the molecular probe aggregates at a high concentration of the imaging target, that is, the probe is required to bind to the target early after reaching the target area, and the dissociation time is relatively late, ensuring After several blood circulation cycles, the probe reaches the desired aggregation state at the target.
- High-contrast images require that the signal intensity of the lesion area be high enough, that is, the target/background ratio and the signal/noise ratio are high.
- the molecular probe production process is simple and easy, and the cost is low.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a Cx43 targeting molecular imaging probe
- Figure 2 is a fluorescence micrograph of the probe in vitro binding to HeLa-Cx43 cells:
- Cy5.5-Cx43SP was co-incubated with HeLa-Cx43 cells, and HeLa-Cx43 cells ingested a large number of probes Cy5.5-Cx43SP (green);
- Figure 3 is a fluorescence micrograph of frozen sections of tissue with muscle as a control: a: After the tail vein injection of Cy5.5-Cx43SP lh, the muscle frozen section showed under fluorescence microscope that Cy5.5-Cx43SP did not aggregate in muscle tissue;
- Figure 4 is a fluorescence micrograph of frozen sections of myocardial tissue after a live injection of a probe: a: After the injection of Cy5.5-Cx43SP in the tail vein, lh, the frozen section of the myocardium is under the fluorescence microscope. Cy5.5-Cx43SP aggregates in the myocardial tissue;
- Cy5.5-Cx43SP aggregates in myocardial tissue and is mainly distributed in the location of gap junction between cardiomyocytes.
- Figure 5 shows the binding and blocking experiments of 64 Cu-NODA-Cx43SP1 and Hela-Cx43 cells.
- Figure 6 shows the near-infrared fluorescence imaging of the main tissues and organs in vitro: mouse tail vein injection probe
- the probes After Cy5.5-Cx43SP lh, the probes accumulate in the heart, stomach, liver, biliary tract and intestines, and most of them are excreted through the liver and intestines.
- Figure 7 shows the PET formation of 64 Cu-NOTA-Cx43SP1 at different time points in normal rats.
- Figure 8 is a PET image of 64 Cu-NOTA-Cx43SP1 in normal mice for 1 hour showing that the probe is prominent in the heart.
- 64 Cu-NOTA-Cx43SPl injection volume is about 50 micro-residence.
- Figure 9 Near-infrared imaging experiment of living mouse tumors: After the tail vein injection of the probe Cy5.5-Cx43SP1, the mice accumulated a large amount of Hex-Cx43 tumors overexpressing Cx43, but no HeLa tumors in the right control group. Concentrated.
- Figure 10 In vivo mouse tumor PET imaging experiment: mouse tail vein injection probe
- the invention discloses a Cx43 molecular imaging probe and a living molecular imaging method, and those skilled in the art can learn from the contents of the paper and appropriately improve the process parameters. It is to be understood that all such alternatives and modifications are obvious to those skilled in the art and are considered to be included in the present invention.
- the method and the application of the present invention have been described by the preferred embodiments, and it is obvious that the method and application described herein may be modified or appropriately modified and combined without departing from the scope of the present invention.
- the technique of the present invention is applied. The invention is further described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
- Example 1 Cx43 *L affinity component - Cx43 targeting binding peptide (Cx43SP) Any of the following four types of polypeptides (Cx43 targeting binding peptide) can specifically bind to the carboxy terminus of Cx43, thus Can be used to synthesize Cx43 targeting molecular probes.
- Gly- Ala -Pro- Gly-4 Hyp- Pro- Tyr also known as: AAP 10 , Molecular Formula: C 26 HN 7 0 8 , Molecular Weight: 575.6, Its structure is as follows:
- Cx43SP l is the most important targeting affinity component of the molecular probe of the present invention, and is a polypeptide composed of 6 amino acids which can specifically recognize and bind to Cx43 in vivo.
- Cx43SP 1 is a series of antiarrhythmic peptides that were extracted from the atrial tissue of cattle in 1980 by Aonuma S et al., which was named antiarrhythamic peptide 10 (AAP 10).
- AAP 10 antiarrhythamic peptide 10
- the inventors of the present invention chemically modified the AAP10 structure, synthesized a probe for Cx43 in vivo imaging, and verified that the probe has an ideal living body stability.
- Cx43 Specific Peptide 1 The horseshoe-shaped domain of Cx43SP l specifically binds to the receptor domain of the carboxy terminus of Cx43.
- Cx43SP2 is an analog of Cx43SP1, which replaces some of the L-form amino acids in Cx43SP with D-type amino acids, thereby increasing stability. Currently, it has entered the clinical trial stage as an antiarrhythmic drug.
- rotigaptide also known as: CHEMBL450656, GAP-486, ZP123.
- Molecular formula C 28 H 39 N 7 O 9 , molecular weight: 617.65076.
- Cx43SP3 is a functional analog of Cx43SP2, also known as GAP 134, with a molecular weight of 291.3. Its structure is as follows:
- Cx43SP4 is a five amino acid sequence containing the characteristic structure of RXP-E, as shown in Table 1:
- Cx43SP3 is a type of polypeptide that can be specifically bound to the carboxy terminus of Cx43 (amino acid 255-382) by phage display technology in 2006, consisting of 34 amino acids.
- the basic binding motif is RXP-X, hence the name RXP series of peptides, intended for antiarrhythmic treatment. Among them, RXP-E has more application prospects than other peptides.
- Example 2 Preparation of Cx43 Targeting Molecular Probes
- the imaging target is connexin 43 (Connexin 43, Cx43), and the carboxy terminus (C-terminus) of Cx43 has a gated granular structure, which functions as a specific receptor domain and is the main binding of Cx43SP.
- the target is the target of the Cx43 radial imaging of the present invention.
- Signal component It is the part of the probe that can be detected by imaging equipment. In this patent, it is mainly radioisotope (PET and SPECT imaging), fluorescent dyes and quantum dots (optical imaging), paramagnetic materials and superparamagnetism. Materials and magnetic nanoparticles (magnetic resonance imaging), ultrasound microbubbles (ultrasound imaging), various photoacoustic nanoparticles (photoacoustic imaging) and various components of the above combined multi-mode imaging technology to detect imaging materials .
- PET and SPECT imaging radioisotope
- fluorescent dyes and quantum dots optical imaging
- paramagnetic materials and superparamagnetism Materials and magnetic nanoparticles (magnetic resonance imaging), ultrasound microbubbles (ultrasound imaging), various photoacoustic nanoparticles (photoacoustic imaging) and various components of the above combined multi-mode imaging technology to detect imaging materials .
- Targeting affinity component is the part of the probe that specifically binds to the molecular target of imaging, and the binding between the two is highly specific and high affinity, equivalent to "key and lock"
- the present invention mainly relates to the polypeptide and small molecule structure of Example 1.
- Linker The part that links the signal component to the targeted affinity component. Instead of introducing a linker, the signal component and the Cx43 affinity component can be directly connected directly by chemical means.
- Example 3 Preparation of a radioisotope labeled Cx43 targeting molecular probe
- Example 1 All of the four types of polypeptides in Example 1 can specifically bind to the carboxy terminus of Cx43, and thus can be prepared as a labeled Cx43 targeting molecular probe.
- Cx43SP1 is used as a representative polypeptide.
- the signal component is a positron-emitting radioisotope or a single-photon radionuclide, which can be used for clinical and small animal positron emission tomography (PET) or single photon emission tomography (SPECT).
- PET positron emission tomography
- SPECT single photon emission tomography
- the radioisotope and the targeting polypeptide can be linked together by radiochemical methods by selecting the appropriate linker.
- the linker used is also called a bifunctional chelating agent.
- the bifunctional chelating agent has both a functional motif group that binds to the radioactive metal and a group that binds to Cx43SP, and the two are joined to form a Cx43 targeting molecular probe.
- DOTA 1 , 4,7, 10-tetraazacyclododecane- 1 ,4,7, 10-tetraacetic acid 1 ,4,7, 10-tetraazacyclododecane - 1,4,7, 10-tetraacetic acid
- NOTA 1 ,4,7-triazacyclononane-l ,4,7-triacetic acid 1 ,4,7- ⁇ ⁇ . ⁇ -1 ,4,7- triacetic acid
- NODAGA NOTA is functionally modified by the glutaric acid arm
- TETA 1 ,4,8, 1 1 -tetraazacyclotetradecane- 1 ,4,8, 1 1 ,tetraacetic acid
- SarAr and AmBa Sar are carboxylic acid and amino derivatives of Sar
- Cii label Cx43SP as an example, illustrating the method of divalent (M 2+ ) or trivalent metal ion (M 3+ ) labeling Cx43SP of radioisotope.
- NODA modification Cx43SP excess NODA, add appropriate amount of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and 2% N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA), shake at room temperature overnight. Separation and purification by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and product identification by mass spectrometry.
- the chemical reaction formula of NODA modification Cx43SPl is as follows:
- 64 Cu labeling Dissolve 10 g of Cx43SP-NODA in ammonium acetate 200 ⁇ l buffer with a pH between 4 and 5, and add 50 ⁇ M of 64 CuCl 2 ( ⁇ between 5-6). The mixture was reacted at 37 ° C for 1 hour. The radiolabeled product was separated and purified by radioactive detector-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) to determine the labeling rate, radiochemical purity, and specific activity.
- RP-HPLC radioactive detector-high performance liquid chromatography
- 18 F is the most commonly used radionuclide in clinical practice, 18 FF with affinity application - direct labeling
- NODA-Cx43SP was synthesized using NODA-Cx43SP.
- QMA-SepPak column adsorbs 30mCi (l. LGBq) 18 F- aluminum fluoride, metal ion-free rinsing solution 2.5mL 18 F- aluminum fluoride, aluminum fluoride and rinsed with 18 F- 400 0.4M KHCO3 solution , take 200 ⁇
- Replacement page (Article 26) 18 F-aluminum fluoride solution for use.
- the pH of the solution was adjusted to 4.0 with acetic acid containing no metal ions.
- Aluminum chloride (A1C1 3 , 2 mM, 3 ⁇ , dissolved in 0.1 M sodium acetate buffer, pH 4) and 5 ⁇ of NOTA-Cx43SP (60 mg/mL in DMSO) were added to the solution in this order.
- Reaction mixture 100. After incubation for 15 minutes, it was diluted with 1 mL of metal ion-free water. The product was purified by semi-preparative HPLC.
- the 18 F-AlF-NOTA-Cx43SP analog was collected, evaporated to dryness, dissolved in PBS and ultrafiltered through 0.22 ⁇ m to disinfectant dose. In bottles, for in vitro and in vivo experiments. Similarly, the labeling rate, radiochemical purity, specific activity, etc. were determined by HPLC, and the chemical reaction formula of 18 F-labeled Cx43SP1 was as follows.
- Cx43SP can be labeled in a similar manner by other 18 F precursors (ie, an auxiliary group).
- 18 F labeled common precursor of formula [18 F] FBA: [18 F] fluoro-phthalic acid; [18 F] FSB: [ 18 F] fluoro messy Yue ester; [18 F] FBEM [18 F] FBBO follows Shown as follows:
- radionuclides such as "C, 13 N, 15 O, etc. can be applied, and the corresponding precursors are selected to label Cx43SP.
- Advantages of positron-emitting radionuclide-labeled probes High sensitivity , can be accurately quantified, can be clinically transformed, the probe has a small molecular weight, and the pharmacokinetic characteristics are good.
- the bifunctional chelating agent HYNIC-NHS reacts with the amino group (-NH 2 ) on Cx43SP, using DMF as solvent and 2% DIPEA as catalyst. After purification by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), the product is confirmed by mass spectrometry.
- ⁇ -99m labeled HYNIC- Cx43SP through the "3 + ⁇ , binary mixed ligand complexation scheme, with tridentate ligand tricine as a synergistic reagent, using stannous chloride (SnCl 2 .H 2 O) As a reducing agent, after reacting at room temperature for 20 min, the radiochemical purity of the labeled compound was determined, and the cast colloid was less than 1%.
- stannous chloride SnCl 2 .H 2 O
- Near-infrared fluorescent dyes with a wavelength of 700-900 nm have a strong penetrating power and can reach deeper tissues, so they are commonly used for in vivo optical imaging. Commonly used near-infrared fluorescent dyes are shown in the figure. Different bifunctional chelating agents can be selected to label the near-infrared fluorescent dye on the Cx43SP.
- the chemical structure of the cyanine dye is as follows:
- Cy5.5 labeling Cx43-specific binding peptide was dissolved in 100 DMSO, mixed with Cy5.5-NHS (1 equiv.) in the dark, co-dissolved in 2% DIPEA, and incubated overnight at room temperature with shaking. The product was purified by preparative HPLC C 1 8 column (250 X 10 mm), product was collected, lyophilized, yield was calculated, and molecular weight was determined by mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The chemical reaction formula of Cy5.5 label Cx43SP l is as follows:
- nanomaterials including: nanoprobes containing near-infrared fluorescent dyes, quantum dots, broken nanotubes, and gold nanoclusters.
- Cx43SP using quantum dot labeling Cx43SP: taking Cx43SP l OOOeq, dissolved in water, mixed with leq quantum dots, adding 1000 eq of EDC, stirring at room temperature for 1 hour, separating with PD10 column, and concentrating with a centrifuge tube. Measure the concentration.
- a quantum dot can be labeled with 500-600 Cx43SP molecules.
- the synthesized probe was subjected to near-infrared fluorescence imaging for in vivo detection.
- Example 5 Preparation of magnetically labeled Cx43 targeting molecular probes
- superparamagnetic nanoparticle labeling Cx43SP synthetic probe for magnetic resonance imaging Taking superparamagnetic nanoparticles as an example, the superparamagnetic nanoparticles are labeled with Cx43SP: Cx43SP lOOOeq, dissolved in water, mixed with l eq of superparamagnetic nanoparticles, added
- a paramagnetic metal chelate can also be labeled on Cx43SP to form a probe for magnetic resonance imaging.
- the paramagnetic metal elements mainly include: ritual (Gd 3+ ), Dy 3+ , Tm 3+ , Mn 2+ , CEST reagent 1He, 129 Xeterrorism due to the weaker relaxation of paramagnetic metal chelates, and magnetic Resonance molecular imaging is less sensitive and can also introduce an effective signal amplification mechanism, that is, using macromolecules such as lysate and liposome, the surface carries multiple functional groups, and multiple Cx43SP molecules and a large number of paramagnetic metals. Chelate the surface to form a probe.
- the chemical reaction formula of the paramagnetic metal chelate labeled Cx43SP1 is as follows:
- gold nanoparticles can also be used to mark Cx43SP for photoacoustic imaging, such as gold nanorods.
- Apply gold nanorods to mark Cx43SP Take Cx43SP lOOOeq, dissolve in water, mix with leq gold nanorods, add lOOOeq of EDC, stir the reaction for 1 hour at room temperature, separate with PD10 column, concentrate with a centrifuge tube, and measure the concentration.
- the chemical reaction formula of gold nanorod marker Cx43SPl is as follows:
- Example 8 Preparation of multi-mode labeled CX43 targeting molecular probes
- the above two or more imaging labeling methods are used simultaneously to generate Cx43 targeted probes for detection by two or more imaging methods.
- Needle a multimodal molecular imaging probe.
- different functional groups are attached to the surface of the nanomaterial for connecting other modes of imaging agents such as polypeptides, radionuclides, and fluorescent dyes.
- the surface of the near-infrared quantum dot is modified by a thiol group and a carboxyl group, first connected to Cx43SPl, and the quantum dot is modified by NODA-MAL.
- the NODA is attached to the quantum dot by the reaction of the maleican and the sulfhydryl group.
- the radiolabeled product was separated and purified by PD10, and the labeling rate, radiochemical purity, specific activity, and probe were simultaneously detected by near-infrared fluorescence imaging and PET imaging.
- the chemical reaction formula of 64 Cu and quantum dot dual-mode label Cx43 SP 1 is as follows:
- Cx43 high expression cell line The cervical cancer HeLa cells were transfected with Cx43 gene, and the Cx43 overexpressing cervical cancer cell line HeLa-Cx43 was successfully prepared, and the transgenic Hela cells (without C43 expression) were used as controls.
- Cy5.5-Cx43SP1 cell binding and blocking assay Hela-Cx43 cells and control group Hela-Control cells, 0.5 ⁇ 10 6 /well, were plated in 12-well plates one day before the experiment, a total of four groups: Group A: Hela- Cx43 cell group, group B: Hela-Control cell group, group C: Hela-Cx43
- tissue frozen sections were further prepared and visualized under a fluorescence microscope.
- muscle as a control (Fig. 3-a, 3-b, 3-c)
- the distribution of the probe Cy5.5-Cx43SP in the heart was observed under a fluorescence microscope, and the myocardial frozen section was taken 1 hour after the injection of Cy5.5-Cx43SP in the tail vein.
- Fluorescence microscopy showed that Cy5.5-Cx43SP aggregated in myocardial tissue and was mainly distributed in the site of gap junction between cardiomyocytes (Fig. 4-a, 4-b, 4-c).
- Fig. 4-a, 4-b, 4-c At the tissue level, it was demonstrated that targeting myocardial gap junctions has targeted specificity.
- Hela-Cx43 cells and control group Hela-Control cells 0.5 ⁇ 10 6 /well, were plated in 12-well plates one day before the experiment, a total of four groups: group A: Hela-Cx43 cell group, group B: Hela-Control cell group, C Group: Hela-Cx43 cell blocking group, group D: Hela-Control cell blocking group. 3 wells per group and the experiment was repeated 3 times. 64 Cu-NODA-Cx43SPl was added to each well at a concentration of 3.2 ⁇ /well, 1 ml. The blocking group was added with unlabeled NODA-Cx43SP1 at a concentration of 50 ⁇ /well (10 times 64 Cu-NODA-Cx43SP1).
- -NODA-Cx43SP1 can be specifically taken up by HeLa cells overexpressing Cx43,
- Cu-NOTA-Cx43SP showed obvious aggregation in the heart 30 minutes after intravenous injection, and continued to accumulate until 3 hours (Fig. 7), but there was little accumulation in the liver and lung, and the myocardial development was clear. Since Cx43 is the major gap junction protein in the myocardium, the results are explained.
- a subcutaneous xenograft model of mice (Fig. 9, left) was established using HeLa-Cx43 cells overexpressing Cx43, and a subcutaneous xenograft model of conventional HeLa cells not transfected with Cx43 was used as a control group (Fig. 9, right side).
- Near-infrared fluorescence imaging of living Cy5.5-Cx43SP1 tumors showed that the probe Cy5.5-Cx43SP1 was highly concentrated in the HeLa-Cx43 tumor site overexpressing Cx43 after a ' ⁇ ! There was no obvious aggregation in the HeLa tumor site of the control group. This result again shows that at the living level, the Cx43 target molecular probe Cy5.5-Cx43S has a certain targeting specificity for Cx43-positive tumors.
- a subcutaneous xenograft model of mice was established using HeLa-Cx43 cells overexpressing Cx43 (Fig. 10, left). Intravenous injection of 64Cu-NODA-Cx43SP at a concentration of 40 micro-residue.
- the results of Micro PET imaging showed that the probe 64Cu-NODA-Cx43SP accumulated at a high concentration in the HeLa-Cx43 tumor site overexpressing Cx43 after a tail vein injection. This result again shows that at the living level, the Cx43 targeting molecular probe 64Cu-NODA-Cx43SP has a certain targeting specificity for Cx43-positive tumors.
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