WO2013185609A1 - 自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的方法及装置 - Google Patents

自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013185609A1
WO2013185609A1 PCT/CN2013/077143 CN2013077143W WO2013185609A1 WO 2013185609 A1 WO2013185609 A1 WO 2013185609A1 CN 2013077143 W CN2013077143 W CN 2013077143W WO 2013185609 A1 WO2013185609 A1 WO 2013185609A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pin
audio interface
threshold
voltage difference
voltage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/077143
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李东声
Original Assignee
天地融科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 天地融科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 天地融科技股份有限公司
Priority to JP2015516428A priority Critical patent/JP5902866B2/ja
Priority to SG11201408190XA priority patent/SG11201408190XA/en
Priority to BR112014030721A priority patent/BR112014030721A2/pt
Priority to RU2015100205/28A priority patent/RU2584759C1/ru
Priority to AU2013275911A priority patent/AU2013275911B2/en
Priority to US14/407,682 priority patent/US9609428B2/en
Priority to EP13804964.8A priority patent/EP2863650B1/en
Priority to KR1020157000627A priority patent/KR101512282B1/ko
Priority to CA2876275A priority patent/CA2876275C/en
Publication of WO2013185609A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013185609A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R3/002—Damping circuit arrangements for transducers, e.g. motional feedback circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
    • H04R29/004—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1041—Mechanical or electronic switches, or control elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2420/00—Details of connection covered by H04R, not provided for in its groups
    • H04R2420/05—Detection of connection of loudspeakers or headphones to amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2420/00—Details of connection covered by H04R, not provided for in its groups
    • H04R2420/09—Applications of special connectors, e.g. USB, XLR, in loudspeakers, microphones or headphones

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electronic technologies, and in particular, to a method, a device, and an electronic signature tool for automatically identifying a microphone pin and a ground pin of an audio interface. Background technique
  • An audio interface (such as a headphone jack) of an existing audio signal transmitting device (for example, a mobile communication terminal) and an audio signal receiving device (for example, an electronic signature tool, an audio signal switching device, and the like are received through an audio output pin and
  • the audio interface of the audio signal receiving device that processes the audio signal generally adopts a four-segment interface, wherein the third pin and the fourth pin are audio output pins, that is, a left channel pin and a right channel pin.
  • the first pin and the second pin of different audio interfaces have different functions, and the first pin is the microphone pin MIC, the second pin is the ground pin GND, and the first pin is the ground pin. GND, the second pin is the microphone pin MIC two types of audio interface.
  • the identification of the audio interface type is implemented in the audio signal receiving device to identify what type of audio interface the audio signal transmitting device is currently connected to.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the above technical problems.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for automatically identifying a microphone pin and a ground pin of an audio interface. It is still another object of the present invention to provide an electronic signature tool.
  • an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for automatically identifying a microphone pin and a ground pin of an audio interface, the audio interface including a first pin and a second pin, the One pin is one of a microphone pin and a ground pin of the audio interface, and the second pin is the other of the microphone pin and the ground pin of the audio interface, and the method includes the following steps Determining that the absolute value of the voltage difference between the first pin and the second pin is less than the first threshold, performing an identification operation on the first pin and the second pin of the audio interface; The absolute value of the voltage difference between the one pin and the second pin is greater than or equal to the second threshold, and the type of the first pin and the second pin of the audio interface are determined by the positive and negative of the voltage difference; The threshold is greater than or equal to the first threshold; When it is determined that the absolute value of the voltage difference is greater than or equal to the second threshold, and the voltage difference is a positive value, determining that the first pin is a microphone pin, and the second
  • the absolute value of the voltage difference is between the first threshold and the second threshold; the first pin and the second pin of the audio interface are not executed Identification operation; or performing an identification operation on the first pin and the second pin of the audio interface; when performing the recognition operation on the first pin and the second pin of the audio interface, determining the audio by the positive and negative of the voltage difference The type of the first pin and the second pin of the interface.
  • the voltage difference is obtained by: directly measuring a voltage difference between the first pin and the second pin; or separately measuring the first pin and the second pin relative to The voltage value of the reference voltage is used to calculate the difference between the measured voltage values.
  • the comparison of the voltage difference values is achieved by one of the following means or a combination thereof: a triode, a comparator or a processor.
  • An embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention provides a device for automatically identifying a microphone pin and a ground pin of an audio interface, the audio interface including a first pin and a second pin, the first pin being a One of a microphone pin and a ground pin of the audio interface, the second pin being the other of the microphone pin and the ground pin of the audio interface, the device further comprising: a determining module, the determining a module, configured to: when determining that an absolute value of a voltage difference between the first pin and the second pin is less than a first threshold, performing an identification operation on the first pin and the second pin of the audio interface; When determining that the absolute value of the voltage difference between the first pin and the second pin is greater than or equal to the second threshold, determining the type of the first pin and the second pin of the audio interface by positive and negative of the voltage difference The second threshold is greater than or equal to the first threshold; determining that the absolute value of the voltage difference is greater than or equal to a second threshold, and the voltage difference is a positive value, determining the
  • the determining module is further configured to: when determining that the second threshold is greater than the first threshold, when an absolute value of the voltage difference is between a first threshold and a second threshold; Identification operation of the pin and the second pin; or performing an identification operation on the first pin and the second pin of the audio interface; when performing the identification operation on the first pin and the second pin of the audio interface, the voltage is passed The positive and negative of the difference determine the type of the first and second pins of the audio interface.
  • the device further includes: an acquisition module, wherein the collection module is respectively connected to the first pin and the second pin of the audio interface; the acquisition module is configured to separately collect the first pin and the second A voltage value or a voltage difference of the pin, and transmitting the voltage value or voltage difference to the comparison module.
  • the collecting module includes a first collecting module and a second collecting module; one end of the first collecting module is connected to the first pin of the audio interface, and is configured to collect a voltage value of the first pin; An acquisition module, one end of the second collection module is connected to the second pin of the audio interface, and is configured to collect a voltage value of the second pin; and another one of the first collection module and the second collection module One end and the first input of the comparison module respectively The second input is connected, and the collected voltage value is sent to the comparison module for comparison.
  • the determining module is one or a combination thereof, a comparator, a transistor or a processor.
  • the processor further includes: an analog-to-digital conversion module, the analog-to-digital conversion module, configured to convert a voltage of the first pin and the second pin into a digital voltage signal, and the digital voltage signal Sended to the judgment module for comparison and identification.
  • the embodiment of the third aspect of the present invention proposes an electronic signature tool comprising the apparatus for automatically identifying the microphone pins and the ground pins of the audio interface described in the above embodiments.
  • the invention only needs to determine the type of the audio interface according to the output voltage of the first pin and the second pin, so that the type of the audio interface can be automatically and accurately detected at a low cost. For convenient use.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a method for automatically identifying a microphone pin and a ground pin of an audio interface according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of an apparatus for automatically identifying a microphone pin and a ground pin of an audio interface according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a first schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of an apparatus for automatically recognizing a microphone pin and a ground pin of an audio interface according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a second schematic diagram of an apparatus embodiment 3 for automatically identifying a microphone pin and a ground pin of an audio interface according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a first schematic diagram of an apparatus 4 for automatically identifying a microphone pin and a ground pin of an audio interface according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a second schematic diagram of an embodiment 4 of an apparatus for automatically recognizing a microphone pin and a ground pin of an audio interface according to the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a third schematic diagram of an apparatus embodiment 4 for automatically identifying a microphone pin and a ground pin of an audio interface according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a fourth schematic diagram of an apparatus embodiment 4 for automatically identifying a microphone pin and a ground pin of an audio interface according to the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a first schematic diagram of an embodiment 5 of an apparatus for automatically recognizing a microphone pin and a ground pin of an audio interface according to the present invention.
  • Embodiment 10 is a second schematic diagram of Embodiment 5 of an apparatus for automatically recognizing a microphone pin and a ground pin of an audio interface according to the present invention
  • FIG. 11 is a third schematic diagram of Embodiment 5 of the device for automatically identifying the microphone pin and the ground pin of the audio interface according to the present invention. detailed description
  • connection In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms “installation”, “connected”, and “connected” are to be understood broadly, and may be fixed or detachable, for example, unless otherwise explicitly defined and defined. Connected, or connected integrally; can be mechanical or electrical; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of the two components. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be specifically understood by those skilled in the art.
  • the audio interface includes a first pin and a second pin.
  • the first pin and the second pin of the audio interface are defined as follows: The first pin is one of the microphone pin MIC of the audio interface and the ground pin GND, and the second pin For the microphone interface MIC of the audio interface and the other of the ground pin GND.
  • the audio interface can be any four-segment earphone plug or jack, such as a headphone jack or headphone jack having a diameter of 3.5 mm or 2.5 mm.
  • the audio interface of the present invention is a headphone plug
  • the audio interface of the identification device of the present invention can be directly inserted into the earphone jack of the audio signal transmitting device (for example, a mobile terminal); if the audio interface of the audio interface type detecting device of the present invention is For the headphone jack, you can connect the headphone jack of the audio signal transmitting device with a patch cord with headphones plugs at both ends.
  • the audio signal transmitting device for example, a mobile terminal
  • Figure 1 shows a flow chart of a method for automatically identifying the microphone and ground pins of an audio interface. Referring to Figure 1, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step S101 determining that the absolute value of the voltage difference between the first pin and the second pin is less than the first threshold, and not performing the identifying operation on the first pin and the second pin of the audio interface;
  • Step S102 determining that the absolute value of the voltage difference between the first pin and the second pin is greater than or equal to the second threshold, Determining the type of the first pin and the second pin of the audio interface by the positive and negative of the voltage difference;
  • the second threshold is greater than or equal to the first threshold.
  • the value of the first threshold is generally 0-1V.
  • the value of the first threshold is generally 0.4-0.6V.
  • the first threshold is The value of the second threshold is generally 0-1.5V; preferably, the second threshold is generally in the range of 0.6-0.8V; further, the second threshold is 0.7V.
  • Step S103 determining that the absolute value of the voltage difference is greater than or equal to the second threshold, and when the voltage difference is positive (for example, when the voltage difference is greater than 0.7v), determining that the first pin is a microphone pin, and the second pin For the ground pin.
  • Step S104 determining that the absolute value of the voltage difference is greater than or equal to the second threshold, and when the voltage difference is a negative value (for example, when the voltage difference is less than -0.7v), determining that the first pin is a ground pin, and the second tube The foot is a microphone pin.
  • the identification operation of the first pin and the second pin of the audio interface is not performed.
  • the identification operation of the first pin and the second pin of the audio interface is performed, that is, the type of the first pin and the second pin of the audio interface are determined by the positive and negative of the voltage difference.
  • the method according to the embodiment only needs to determine the type of the audio interface according to the output voltage of the first pin and the second pin, so that the type of the audio interface can be accurately detected at a low cost, which is convenient.
  • the voltage difference can be obtained by: directly measuring the voltage difference between the first pin and the second pin; or measuring the voltage of the first pin and the second pin relative to the reference voltage, respectively. Value, calculate the difference between the measured voltage values.
  • the determination of the audio interface type can be implemented by software or hardware.
  • the voltage difference can be compared by a triode and/or comparator to determine the type of audio interface.
  • the voltage difference can be calculated by the processor.
  • the processor can include an analog to digital conversion module and/or a processing module.
  • the type of the audio interface can also be determined by a combination of software and hardware.
  • the method of automatically identifying the microphone pins and the ground pins of the audio interface can accurately detect the type of the audio interface at a lower cost. After the audio interface type is determined, subsequent processing is performed.
  • Example 2
  • a device for automatically identifying a microphone pin and a ground pin of an audio interface includes a judging module, and the judging module And determining, when determining that the absolute value of the voltage difference between the first pin and the second pin is less than the first threshold, performing an identification operation on the first pin and the second pin of the audio interface;
  • the absolute value of the voltage difference between the foot and the second pin is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the type of the first pin and the second pin of the audio interface are determined by the positive and negative of the voltage difference;
  • the second threshold is greater than or equal to the first threshold; when it is determined that the absolute value of the voltage difference is greater than or equal to the second threshold, and the voltage difference is positive, determining that the first pin is a microphone pin, and the second pin is a ground pin When it is determined that the absolute value of the voltage difference is greater than or equal to the second threshold, and
  • the determining module is further configured to: when determining that the second threshold is greater than the first threshold, and the absolute value of the voltage difference is between the first threshold and the second threshold; not performing the first pin and the second pin of the audio interface Identifying the operation; or performing an identification operation on the first pin and the second pin of the audio interface, that is, determining the type of the first pin and the second pin of the audio interface by the positive and negative of the voltage difference.
  • the value of the first threshold is generally 0-1V.
  • the value of the first threshold is generally 0.4-0.6V, and further, the first threshold is 0.5V.
  • the second threshold has a value ranging from 0.6 to 0.8 V; further, the second threshold is 0.7 V.
  • the device according to the embodiment only needs to determine the type of the audio interface according to the output voltage of the first pin and the second pin, so that the type of the audio interface can be accurately detected at a low cost, which is convenient.
  • Example 3
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a device embodiment 3 for automatically identifying a microphone pin and a ground pin of an audio interface.
  • an acquisition module is added, and the acquisition module is respectively connected with audio.
  • the first pin of the interface is connected to the second pin, and is configured to separately collect voltage values or voltage differences of the first pin and the second pin, and send the voltage value or voltage difference to the determining module.
  • the acquiring module may include a first acquiring module and a second collecting module, wherein one end of the first collecting module is connected to the first pin of the audio interface, and is configured to collect a voltage value of the first pin; One end of the second collecting module is connected to the second pin of the audio interface, and is used for collecting the voltage value of the second pin; the other end of the first collecting module and the second collecting module respectively and the first input end of the determining module The two inputs are connected, and the collected voltage values are sent to the judging module for comparison.
  • the judging module of the present invention can implement its functions through a processor, and can also implement its functions by using a comparator and/or a triode, and can also implement its functions by combining software and hardware.
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of an apparatus embodiment 4 for automatically identifying the microphone and ground pins of an audio interface.
  • the judging module can implement its function by using a processor, that is, directly connecting the first pin and the second pin to the processor and identifying it.
  • the processor may further include: an analog-to-digital conversion module and a processing module, wherein: the analog-to-digital conversion module is configured to convert the voltage values of the first pin and the second pin into digital signals. And send it to the processing module for identification.
  • the voltage values of the first pin and the second pin collected by the first acquiring module and the second collecting module may be directly sent to the processor for comparison and identification in the manner as shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the voltage values of the first pin and the second pin collected by the first acquiring module and the second collecting module can be converted into digital numbers by the analog-to-digital conversion module in the manner as shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the voltage signal is sent to the processing module for comparison and identification.
  • Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment 5 of apparatus for automatically identifying the microphone and ground pins of an audio interface.
  • the judgment module uses a triode to achieve the purpose of comparing the voltages of the first pin and the second pin.
  • the determining module may include a first level comparing module and a second level comparing module, specifically, using a triode circuit.
  • the first level comparison module comprises: an NPN type transistor Ta, a power output terminal (VBAT), and a resistor R3a; further, the first level comparison module may further include resistors Rla and R2a.
  • the voltage output from the above power supply terminal is usually 2.7 to 4.2V.
  • the resistance of the resistor R3a can be 100K ohms to 1M ohms.
  • the resistance of the resistor R2a may be 1/10 to 1/5 of the resistance of the resistor R3a.
  • the resistance of the resistor Rla can be 1K ohm to 200K ohm.
  • the base (B) of the transistor Ta is connected to the second pin, the emitter stage (E) is connected to the first pin, and the collector (C) is connected to the output terminal (Sell) of the first level comparison module, and passes through the resistor R3a is connected to the power supply output (VBAT).
  • the base pin (B) of the second pin and the transistor Ta can be connected through the resistor R1a; the output terminal (Sell) and the collector (C) of the transistor Ta can be connected through the resistor R2a, and the transistor Ta
  • the collector (C) and the power supply output (VBAT) are sequentially connected through a resistor R2a and a resistor R3a.
  • the second level comparison module comprises: an NPN type transistor Tb, a power output terminal (VBAT), and a resistor R3b; further, the second level comparison module may further include resistors Rib and R2b.
  • the voltage output from the above power supply terminal is usually 2.7 to 4.2V.
  • the resistance of the resistor R3b can be 100K ohms to 1M ohms.
  • the resistance of the resistor R2b can be 1/10 to 1/5 of the resistance of the resistor R3a.
  • the resistance of the resistor Rib can be from 1K ohm to 200K ohm.
  • the base (B) of the transistor Tb is connected to the first pin, the emitter stage (E) is connected to the second pin, and the collector (C) is connected to the output terminal (Sel2) of the second level comparison module, and passes through the resistor R3b is connected to the power supply output (VBAT).
  • the base pin (B) of the first pin and the transistor Tb may be connected through the resistor Rib; the output terminal (Sel2) and the collector (C) of the transistor Tb may be connected through the resistor R2b, and the transistor Tb
  • the collector (C) and the power supply output (VBAT) are sequentially connected through a resistor R2b and a resistor R3b.
  • the power output terminal of the first level comparison module (VBAT) is connected to the output terminal (Sell) through the resistor R3a, and outputs a high level signal through the output terminal (Sell);
  • the power output terminal (VBAT) of the second level comparison module passes through the resistor R3b. Connected to the output (Sel2) and output a high level signal through the output (Sel2).
  • the transistor Tb of the second level comparison module When the level V3 of the first pin is higher than the sum of the level V4 of the second pin and the threshold Vg (ie, V3>V4+Vg), the transistor Tb of the second level comparison module is in an on state, and the output end (Sel2) Output low level (indicating signal one, denoted as Sgl), indicating that the first pin is the microphone pin and the second pin is the ground pin; otherwise, the second level comparison module outputs a high level signal ( Recorded as Sgl ');
  • the transistor Ta of the first level comparison module When the level V4 of the second pin is higher than the sum of the level V3 of the first pin and the threshold Vg (ie, V4 > V3 + Vg), the transistor Ta of the first level comparison module is in an on state, and the output terminal (Sell) output low level (indicator signal 2, denoted as Sg2), indicating that the second pin is the microphone pin and the first pin is the ground pin; otherwise, the first level comparison module outputs a high level signal ( Recorded as Sg2').
  • the threshold value Vg may be the turn-on voltage of the transistor Ta, for example, 0.3V or 0.7V.
  • high level signal refers to a signal whose level is higher than “low level signal”; usually “low level signal” is a signal with a voltage below 0.7V; “high level signal” means a voltage of 0.7 times Signal above the power supply voltage.
  • the types of the first pin and the second pin can be determined by the high level signal output by the first level comparison module and the second level comparison module.
  • the determining module shown in FIG. 10 can also use the comparator to compare the voltages of the first pin and the second pin. See Figure 10:
  • the first level comparison module includes: a first reference voltage module HI, a comparator Cl.
  • the first pin is connected to the anode of the comparator C1; the second pin is connected to the cathode of the comparator C1 through the first reference voltage module HI, that is, the second pin is connected to the cathode of the first reference voltage module HI, the first reference
  • the anode of the voltage module HI is connected to the cathode of the comparator C1.
  • the first reference voltage module HI may be a power source, the anode of which is the anode of the first reference voltage module HI, and the cathode of which is the cathode of the first reference voltage module HI.
  • the voltage value provided by the first reference voltage module HI is the threshold value Vg.
  • the first reference voltage module HI may be a component such as a diode connected to a power source that provides a reference voltage (threshold voltage).
  • the output pin of comparator C1 is the output of the first level comparison module (Sell).
  • the second level comparison module includes: a second reference voltage module H2, a comparator C2.
  • the first pin is connected to the cathode of the comparator C2; the second pin is connected to the anode of the comparator C2 through the second reference voltage module H2, that is, the second pin is connected to the anode of the second reference voltage module H2, the second reference
  • the cathode of the voltage module H2 is connected to the anode of the comparator C2.
  • the second reference voltage module H2 may be a power source, the anode of which is the anode of the second reference voltage module H2, and the cathode of which is the cathode of the second reference voltage module H2.
  • the voltage value provided by the second reference voltage module H2 is a threshold value Vg.
  • the second reference voltage module H2 may be a component such as a diode connected to a power source that can provide a reference voltage (threshold voltage).
  • the comparator C1 of the first level comparison module When the level V3 of the first pin is higher than the sum of the level V4 of the second pin and the threshold Vg (ie, V3>V4+Vg), the comparator C1 of the first level comparison module
  • the output terminal (Sell) outputs a high level signal (indicating signal one, denoted as Sgl), indicating that the first pin is a microphone pin and the second pin is a ground pin; otherwise, the first level comparison module outputs a low power Ping (recorded as Sgl ');
  • the output of the comparator C2 of the second level comparison module (Sel2) Output a high level signal (indicating signal 2, denoted as Sg2), indicating that the second pin is a microphone pin and the first pin is a ground pin; otherwise, the second level comparison module outputs a low level (referred to as Sg2) ' ) .
  • the types of the first pin and the second pin can be determined by the high level signal output by the first level comparison module and the second level comparison module.
  • the triode and the comparator as shown in FIG. 11 can be used together to achieve the purpose of comparing the voltages of the first pin and the second pin.
  • the first level comparison module includes: an NPN transistor Ta, a power output terminal (VBAT), and a resistor R3a; in addition, the first level comparison module may further include resistors Rla and R2a.
  • the base (B) of the transistor Ta is connected to the second pin, the emitter stage (E) is connected to the first pin, and the collector (C) is connected to the output terminal (Sell) of the first level comparison module, and passes through the resistor R3a is connected to the power supply output (VBAT).
  • the base pin (B) of the second pin and the transistor Ta can be connected through the resistor R1a; the output terminal (Sell) and the collector (C) of the transistor Ta can be connected through the resistor R2a, and the transistor Ta
  • the collector (C) and the power supply output (VBAT) are connected via a resistor R2a and a resistor R3a.
  • the second level comparison module includes: a second reference voltage module H2, a comparator C2.
  • the first pin is connected to the positive terminal of the comparator C2; the second pin is connected to the negative terminal of the comparator C2 through the second reference voltage module H2, that is, the second pin is connected to the negative terminal of the second reference voltage module H2, the second reference The anode of the voltage module H2 is connected to the cathode of the comparator C2.
  • the second reference voltage module H2 may be a power source, the anode of which is the anode of the second reference voltage module H2, and the cathode of which is the cathode of the second reference voltage module H2.
  • the voltage value provided by the second reference voltage module H2 is a threshold value Vg.
  • the second reference voltage module H2 may be a component such as a diode connected to a power source that provides a reference voltage (threshold voltage).
  • the output pin of comparator C2 is the output of the second level comparison module (Sel2).
  • the output of the comparator C2 of the second level comparison module (Sel2) outputs a high level signal (referring to The signal one, denoted as Sgl), indicates that the first pin is the microphone pin and the second pin is the ground pin; otherwise, the second level comparison module outputs a low level (referred to as Sgl ');
  • the transistor Ta of the first level comparison module When the level V4 of the second pin is higher than the sum of the level V3 of the first pin and the threshold Vg (ie, V4 > V3 + Vg), the transistor Ta of the first level comparison module is in an on state, and the output terminal (Sell) output low level (indicator signal 2, denoted as Sg2), indicating that the second pin is the microphone pin and the first pin is the ground pin; otherwise, the first level comparison module outputs a high level signal ( Recorded as Sg2').
  • the turn-on voltage of the transistor Ta may be a threshold value Vg, for example, 0.3V or 0.7V.
  • Vg a threshold value
  • the level comparison module A is on the first pin.
  • the signal Sgl is sent when the level is higher than the second pin level, otherwise the signal Sgl' is sent; the level comparison module B sends the signal Sg2 when the second pin level is higher than the first pin level. Otherwise, the signal Sg2' is sent ; that is to say, the audio interface type detecting device of the present invention can provide three states:
  • Level comparison module A sends a signal Sgl (indicating V3> V4+Vgl), level comparison module B sends a signal Sg2' (indicating V4 ⁇ V3 + Vg2); that is, the first pin is a microphone pin;
  • Level comparison module A sends a signal Sgl ' (indicating V3 ⁇ V4 + Vgl), level comparison module B sends a signal Sg2 (indicating V4 > V3 + Vg2); that is, the second pin is a microphone pin;
  • Level comparison module A sends a signal Sgl ' (indicating V3 ⁇ V4 + Vgl), level comparison module B sends a signal Sg2' (indicating V4 ⁇ V3 + Vg2); that is, the first pin and the second pin Unknown attribute;
  • this embodiment can accurately determine the type of audio interface at a lower cost.
  • a further embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic signature tool comprising the apparatus for automatically identifying the microphone pins and ground pins of an audio interface as in any of the above embodiments.
  • the description with reference to the terms “one embodiment”, “some embodiments”, “example”, “specific example”, or “some examples” and the like means a specific feature described in connection with the embodiment or example.
  • a structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention.
  • the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example.
  • the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

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Abstract

一种自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的方法、装置及电子签名工具；该方法包括：判断第一和第二管脚的电压差值的绝对值小于第一阈值，则不执行识别操作；判断第一管脚和第二管脚的电压差值的绝对值大于等于第二阈值，则通过电压差值的正负判定音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的类型；其中第二阈值大于所述第一阈值。

Description

自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的方法及装置
技术领域
本发明涉及电子技术领域， 特别涉及一种自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的 方法、 装置及电子签名工具。 背景技术
现有的音频信号发送设备 （例如， 移动通信终端） 的音频接口 （例如耳机插孔） 和 音频信号接收设备 （例如， 电子签名工具， 音频信号转接设备， 及其它通过音频输出管 脚接收并处理音频信号的音频信号接收设备） 的音频接口一般采用四段式接口， 其中， 第三管脚和第四管脚为音频输出管脚， 即左声道管脚和右声道管脚。 但是， 不同的音频 接口的第一管脚和第二管脚的作用不同， 存在第一管脚为麦克管脚 MIC， 第二管脚为地 管脚 GND, 以及第一管脚为地管脚 GND, 第二管脚为麦克管脚 MIC两种类型的音频接 Π。
由于存在上述不同类型的音频接口， 当音频信号发送设备的音频接口与音频信号接 收设备的音频接口的地管脚不相连时， 音频信号发送设备和音频信号接收设备之间无法 正常通信。
因此， 无论是需要设计可与不同音频接口的音频信号发送设备正确适配的音频信号 接收设备， 或是在具有语音或文字提示功能的音频信号接收设备中提示用户音频接口是 否匹配， 首先都需要在音频信号接收设备中实现音频接口类型的识别， 以便识别出当前 与其连接的音频信号发送设备的音频接口是何种类型。
因此， 需要一种可以自动识别音频接口类型的装置。 发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决上述技术问题之一。
为此， 本发明的一个目的在于提出一种自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的方 法。
本发明的另一目的在于提出一种自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的装置。 本发明的再一目的在于提出一种电子签名工具。
为了实现上述目的， 本发明第一方面的实施例提出了一种自动识别音频接口的麦克 管脚和地管脚的方法， 所述音频接口包括第一管脚和第二管脚， 所述第一管脚为所述音 频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚中的一个， 所述第二管脚为所述音频接口的麦克管脚和地管 脚中的另一个， 所述方法包括以下步骤： 判断所述第一管脚和所述第二管脚的电压差值 的绝对值小于第一阈值， 则不执行对音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的识别操作； 判断所 述第一管脚和所述第二管脚的电压差值的绝对值大于等于第二阈值， 则通过电压差值的 正负判定音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的类型； 所述第二阈值大于等于所述第一阈值； 判断所述电压差值的绝对值大于等于第二阈值， 且所述电压差值为正值时， 判定所述第 一管脚为麦克管脚， 所述第二管脚为地管脚； 判断所述电压差值的绝对值大于等于第二 阈值， 且所述电压差值为负值时， 判定所述第一管脚为地管脚， 所述第二管脚为麦克管 脚。
此外， 当判断所述第二阈值大于所述第一阈值， 所述电压差值的绝对值在第一阈值 和第二阈值之间时； 不执行对音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的识别操作； 或者执行对音 频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的识别操作； 当执行对音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的识别 操作时， 通过电压差值的正负判定音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的类型。
此外， 所述电压差值采用如下方式获取： 直接测量所述第一管脚和所述第二管脚的 电压差值； 或者分别测量所述第一管脚和所述第二管脚相对于参考电压的电压值， 计算 测量得到的电压值的差值。
此外， 所述电压差值的比较是通过以下的方式之一或者其组合实现的： 三极管、 比 较器或处理器。
本发明第二方面的实施例提出了一种自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的装 置， 所述音频接口包括第一管脚和第二管脚， 所述第一管脚为所述音频接口的麦克管脚 和地管脚中的一个， 所述第二管脚为所述音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚中的另一个， 该 装置还包括： 判断模块， 所述判断模块， 用于在判断所述第一管脚和所述第二管脚的电 压差值的绝对值小于第一阈值时， 不执行对音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的识别操作； 在判断所述第一管脚和所述第二管脚的电压差值的绝对值大于等于第二阈值时， 通过电 压差值的正负判定音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的类型； 其中， 所述第二阈值大于等于 所述第一阈值； 在判断所述电压差值的绝对值大于等于第二阈值， 且所述电压差值为正 值时， 判定所述第一管脚为麦克管脚， 所述第二管脚为地管脚； 在判断所述电压差值的 绝对值大于等于第二阈值， 且所述电压差值为负值时， 判定所述第一管脚为地管脚， 所 述第二管脚为麦克管脚。
此外， 所述判断模块还用于在判断所述第二阈值大于所述第一阈值， 所述电压差值 的绝对值在第一阈值和第二阈值之间时； 不执行对音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的识别 操作； 或者执行对音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的识别操作； 当执行对音频接口第一管 脚和第二管脚的识别操作时， 通过电压差值的正负判定音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的 类型。
此外， 该装置还包括： 采集模块， 所述采集模块分别与音频接口的第一管脚和第二 管脚相连； 所述采集模块， 用于分别采集所述第一管脚和所述第二管脚的电压值或者电 压差值， 并将所述电压值或者电压差值发送给所述比较模块。
此外， 所述采集模块包括第一采集模块和第二采集模块； 所述第一采集模块的一端 与音频接口的第一管脚相连， 用于采集所述第一管脚的电压值； 第二采集模块， 所述第 二采集模块的一端与所述音频接口的第二管脚相连， 用于采集所述第二管脚的电压值； 以及所述第一采集模块和第二采集模块的另一端分别与所述比较模块的第一输入端和 第二输入端相连， 并将采集到的所述电压值发送给所述比较模块进行比较。 此外， 所述判断模块为以下一种或者其组合， 比较器、 三极管或处理器。
此外， 所述处理器还包括： 模数转换模块， 所述模数转换模块， 用于将所述第一管 脚和第二管脚的电压转换为数字电压信号， 并将所述数字电压信号发送给所述判断模块 进行比较和识别。
本发明第三方面的实施例提出了一种电子签名工具， 包括上述实施例所述的自动识 别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的装置。
由此可见， 本发明只需根据第一管脚和第二管脚的输出电压的大小， 即可以判断出 音频接口的类型， 从而可以以较低的成本即可自动并准确检测音频接口的类型， 方便后 续使用。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出， 部分将从下面的描述中变得 明显， 或通过本发明的实践了解到。 附图说明
本发明的上述和 /或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明 显和容易理解， 其中：
图 1为本发明自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的方法实施例 1的流程图； 图 2为本发明自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的装置实施例 2的示意图； 图 3 为本发明自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的装置实施例 3 的第一示意 图；
图 4 为本发明自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的装置实施例 3 的第二示意 图；
图 5 为本发明自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的装置实施例 4 的第一示意 图；
图 6 为本发明自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的装置实施例 4 的第二示意 图；
图 7 为本发明自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的装置实施例 4 的第三示意 图；
图 8 为本发明自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的装置实施例 4 的第四示意 图；
图 9 为本发明自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的装置实施例 5 的第一示意 图；
图 10为本发明自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的装置实施例 5的第二示意 图； 以及
图 1 1 为本发明自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的装置实施例 5的第三示意 图。 具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例， 所述实施例的示例在附图中示出， 其中自始至终相 同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附 图描述的实施例是示例性的， 仅用于解释本发明， 而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语"中心"、 "纵向"、 "横向"、 "上"、 "下"、 "前"、 "后"、 "左"、 "右"、 "竖直"、 "水平"、 "顶"、 "底"、 "内"、 "外"等指示的方位或位置关系 为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系， 仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述， 而不是指示 或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、 以特定的方位构造和操作， 因此不能理 解为对本发明的限制。 此外， 术语"第一"、 "第二 "仅用于描述目的， 而不能理解为指示 或暗示相对重要性或数量或位置， 进一步， "第一管脚"、 "第二管脚"仅是对管脚进行区 分， 并不用于限定管脚的位置。
在本发明的描述中， 需要说明的是， 除非另有明确的规定和限定， 术语"安装"、 "相 连"、 "连接 "应做广义理解， 例如， 可以是固定连接， 也可以是可拆卸连接， 或一体地 连接； 可以是机械连接， 也可以是电连接； 可以是直接相连， 也可以通过中间媒介间接 相连， 可以是两个元件内部的连通。 对于本领域的普通技术人员而言， 可以具体情况理 解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
以下结合附图描述根据本发明实施例的自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的 方法、 装置及电子签名工具。
本发明实施例的中， 音频接口包括第一管脚和第二管脚。 在本发明的具体示例中， 对音频接口的第一管脚和第二管脚的定义如下： 第一管脚为音频接口的麦克管脚 MIC 和地管脚 GND中的一个， 第二管脚为音频接口的麦克管脚 MIC和地管脚 GND中的另 ^ 。
本发明的实施例中， 音频接口可以是任一款四段式耳机插头或者插孔， 例如直径为 3.5mm或 2.5mm的耳机插头或者耳机插孔。
如果本发明的音频接口为耳机插头， 则可直接将本发明识别装置的音频接口插入音 频信号发送设备 （例如， 移动终端） 的耳机插孔中； 如果本发明音频接口类型检测装置 的音频接口为耳机插孔， 则可以采用两端都是耳机插头的转接线连接音频信号发送设备 的耳机插孔。 实施例 1
图 1出示了自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的方法的流程图， 参见图 1， 该 方法包括如下步骤：
步骤 S101 , 判断第一管脚和第二管脚的电压差值的绝对值小于第一阈值， 则不执 行对音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的识别操作；
步骤 S102, 判断第一管脚和第二管脚的电压差值的绝对值大于等于第二阈值， 则 通过电压差值的正负判定音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的类型；
其中， 第二阈值大于等于第一阈值； 具体的， 第一阈值的取值范围一般为 0-1V; 优选的， 第一阈值的取值范围一般为 0.4-0.6V, 进一步， 第一阈值为 0.5V; 第二阈值的 取值范围一般为 0-1.5V; 优选的， 第二阈值的取值范围一般为 0.6-0.8V; 进一步， 第二 阈值为 0.7V。
步骤 S 103 , 判断电压差值的绝对值大于等于第二阈值， 且电压差值为正值时 (例如 电压差值大于 0.7v时)， 判定第一管脚为麦克管脚， 第二管脚为地管脚。
步骤 S 104 , 判断电压差值的绝对值大于等于第二阈值， 且电压差值为负值时 （例 如电压差值小于 -0.7v时） ， 判定第一管脚为地管脚， 第二管脚为麦克管脚。
具体的， 当判断出第二阈值大于第一阈值， 且电压差值的绝对值在第一阈值和第二 阈值之间时， 不执行对音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的识别操作；
或者
执行对音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的识别操作， 即通过电压差值的正负判定音频 接口第一管脚和第二管脚的类型。
根据本实施例的方法只需根据第一管脚和第二管脚的输出电压的大小， 即可以判断 出音频接口的类型， 从而可以以较低的成本即可准确检测音频接口的类型， 方便后续使 用。
当然， 本实施例中， 电压差值可以采用如下方式获取： 直接测量第一管脚和第二管 脚的电压差值； 或者分别测量第一管脚和第二管脚相对于参考电压的电压值， 计算测量 得到的电压值的差值。
本实施例中， 可以通过软件或者硬件实现音频接口类型的确定。
采用硬件实现时， 可以通过三极管和 /或比较器进行电压差值的比较，从而确定音频 接口的类型。
采用软件实现时， 可以通过处理器计算电压差值。 当然， 处理器可以包括模数转换 模块和 /或处理模块。
当然， 还可以通过软硬件结合的方式确定音频接口的类型。
由此可见， 根据本发明实施例的自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的方法， 可 以以较低的成本准确的检测出音频接口的类型。 并在判断出音频接口类型后， 进行后续 处理。 实施例 2
图 2出示了自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的装置实施例 2的示意图， 参见 图 2， 自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的装置， 包括判断模块， 该判断模块， 用 于在判断第一管脚和第二管脚的电压差值的绝对值小于第一阈值时， 不执行对音频接口 第一管脚和第二管脚的识别操作； 在判断第一管脚和第二管脚的电压差值的绝对值大于 等于第二阈值时，通过电压差值的正负判定音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的类型；其中， 第二阈值大于等于第一阈值； 在判断电压差值的绝对值大于等于第二阈值， 且电压差值 为正值时， 判定第一管脚为麦克管脚， 第二管脚为地管脚； 在判断电压差值的绝对值大 于等于第二阈值， 且电压差值为负值时， 判定第一管脚为地管脚，第二管脚为麦克管脚。
当然， 判断模块还用于在判断第二阈值大于第一阈值， 电压差值的绝对值在第一阈 值和第二阈值之间时； 不执行对音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的识别操作； 或者执行对 音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的识别操作， 即通过电压差值的正负判定音频接口第一管 脚和第二管脚的类型。
具体的， 第一阈值的取值范围一般为 0-1V; 优选的， 第一阈值的取值范围一般为 0.4-0.6V, 进一步， 第一阈值为 0.5V; 第二阈值的取值范围一般为 0-1.5V; 优选的， 第 二阈值的取值范围一般为 0.6-0.8V; 进一步， 第二阈值为 0.7V。
根据本实施例的装置只需根据第一管脚和第二管脚的输出电压的大小， 即可以判断 出音频接口的类型， 从而可以以较低的成本即可准确检测音频接口的类型， 方便后续使 用。 实施例 3
图 3出示了自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的装置实施例 3的示意图， 参见 图 3， 本实施例在实施例 2的基础上， 增加了采集模块， 该采集模块分别与音频接口的 第一管脚和第二管脚相连， 用于分别采集第一管脚和第二管脚的电压值或者电压差值， 并将电压值或者电压差值发送给判断模块。
进一步， 参见图 4， 该采集模块可以包括第一采集模块和第二采集模块， 其中， 第 一采集模块的一端与音频接口的第一管脚相连， 用于采集第一管脚的电压值； 第二采集 模块的一端与音频接口的第二管脚相连， 用于采集第二管脚的电压值； 第一采集模块和 第二采集模块的另一端分别与判断模块的第一输入端和第二输入端相连， 并将采集到的 电压值发送给判断模块进行比较。 当然，本发明的判断模块可以通过处理器实现其功能，也可以采用比较器和 /或三极 管实现其功能， 还可以采用软硬件结合的方式实现其功能。
具体可见实施例 4和实施例 5的说明。 实施例 4
图 5出示了自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的装置实施例 4的示意图。参见 图 5， 判断模块可以采用处理器实现其功能， 即将处理器直接连接第一管脚和第二管脚， 并对其进行识别。
还可以通过如图 6所示的方式， 处理器可以包括： 模数转换模块和处理模块，其中： 模数转换模块， 用于将第一管脚和第二管脚的电压值转换为数字信号， 并将其发送给处 理模块进行识别。 还可以通过如图 7所示的方式， 通过第一采集模块和第二采集模块采集的第一管脚 和第二管脚的电压值， 直接发送给处理器进行比较和识别。
当然， 还可以通过如图 8所示的方式， 通过第一采集模块和第二采集模块采集的第 一管脚和第二管脚的电压值， 并通过模数转换模块将电压值转换为数字电压信号发送给 处理模块进行比较和识别。 实施例 5
图 9出示了自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的装置实施例 5的示意图。参见 图 9， 判断模块采用了三极管实现比较第一管脚和第二管脚电压的目的。 本实施例图 9 中， 判断模块可包括第一电平比较模块和第二电平比较模块， 具体地， 使用三极管电路 实现。
第一电平比较模块包含： NPN型三极管 Ta， 电源输出端 （VBAT) ， 电阻 R3a; 此 夕卜， 第一电平比较模块还可以包含电阻 Rla和 R2a。
如果采用普通电池作为电源， 上述电源输出端输出的电压通常为 2.7〜4.2V。
电阻 R3a的阻值可以为 100K欧姆〜 1M欧姆。
电阻 R2a的阻值可以为电阻 R3a的阻值的 1/10〜1/5。
电阻 Rla的阻值可以为 1K欧姆〜 200K欧姆。
三极管 Ta的基极（B)与第二管脚相连， 发射级（E)与第一管脚相连， 集电极（C) 与第一电平比较模块的输出端 （Sell ) 相连， 并通过电阻 R3a与电源输出端 （VBAT ) 相连。
第一电平比较模块中， 第二管脚与三极管 Ta的基极 （B) 可以通过电阻 Rla相连； 输出端 （Sell ) 与三极管 Ta的集电极 （C ) 可以通过电阻 R2a相连， 同时三极管 Ta的 集电极 （C) 与电源输出端 （VBAT) 依次通过电阻 R2a和电阻 R3a相连。
第二电平比较模块包含： NPN型三极管 Tb， 电源输出端 （VBAT) ， 电阻 R3b; 此 夕卜， 第二电平比较模块还可以包含电阻 Rib和 R2b。
如果采用普通电池作为电源， 上述电源输出端输出的电压通常为 2.7〜4.2V。
电阻 R3b的阻值可以为 100K欧姆〜 1M欧姆。
电阻 R2b的阻值可以为电阻 R3a的阻值的 1/10〜1/5。
电阻 Rib的阻值可以为 1K欧姆〜 200K欧姆。
三极管 Tb的基极（B)与第一管脚相连， 发射级（E)与第二管脚相连， 集电极（C ) 与第二电平比较模块的输出端 （Sel2) 相连， 并通过电阻 R3b与电源输出端 （VBAT ) 相连。
第二电平比较模块中， 第一管脚与三极管 Tb的基极 （B) 可以通过电阻 Rib相连； 输出端 （Sel2 ) 与三极管 Tb的集电极 （C) 可以通过电阻 R2b相连， 同时三极管 Tb的 集电极 （C) 与电源输出端 （VBAT) 依次通过电阻 R2b和电阻 R3b相连。
本实施例中， 当三极管 Ta 处于截止状态时， 第一电平比较模块的电源输出端 (VBAT) 通过电阻 R3a与输出端 （Sell ) 相连， 通过输出端 （Sell ) 输出高电平信号； 当三极管 Tb处于截止状态时， 第二电平比较模块的电源输出端（VBAT )通过电阻 R3b 与输出端 （Sel2 ) 相连， 通过输出端 （Sel2 ) 输出高电平信号。
当第一管脚的电平 V3高于第二管脚的电平 V4与阈值 Vg之和 （即 V3> V4+Vg) 时， 第二电平比较模块的三极管 Tb 处于导通状态， 输出端 （Sel2) 输出低电平 （指示 信号一， 记作 Sgl ) ， 表明第一管脚为麦克管脚， 第二管脚为地管脚； 否则， 第二电平 比较模块输出高电平信号 （记作 Sgl ' ) ；
当第二管脚的电平 V4高于第一管脚的电平 V3与阈值 Vg之和 （即 V4> V3 +Vg) 时， 第一电平比较模块的三极管 Ta 处于导通状态， 输出端 （Sell ) 输出低电平 （指示 信号二， 记作 Sg2) ， 表明第二管脚为麦克管脚， 第一管脚为地管脚； 否则， 第一电平 比较模块输出高电平信号 （记作 Sg2' ) 。
本实施例中， 阈值 Vg可以是三极管 Ta的导通电压， 例如， 0.3V或 0.7V。
上述"高电平信号"是指电平高于"低电平信号"的信号； 通常"低电平信号"为电压在 0.7V以下的信号； "高电平信号 "是指电压为 0.7倍电源电压以上的信号。
基于此， 可以通过第一电平比较模块和第二电平比较模块输出的高低电平信号来确 定第一管脚和第二管脚的类型。 本实施例还可以采用如图 10所示的判断模块采用比较器实现比较第一管脚和第二 管脚电压的目的。 参见图 10:
第一电平比较模块包含： 第一参考电压模块 HI， 比较器 Cl。
第一管脚与比较器 C1 的正极相连； 第二管脚通过第一参考电压模块 HI 与比较器 C1 的负极相连， 即第二管脚与第一参考电压模块 HI 的负极相连， 第一参考电压模块 HI的正极与比较器 C1的负极相连。
本实施例中， 第一参考电压模块 HI 可以是电源， 其正极为第一参考电压模块 HI 的正极， 其负极为第一参考电压模块 HI 的负极。 第一参考电压模块 HI提供的电压值 为阈值 Vg。
在本发明的其它实施例中， 第一参考电压模块 HI可以是与电源连接的二极管等可 提供参考电压 （阈值电压） 的部件。
比较器 C1的输出管脚即为第一电平比较模块的输出端 （Sell ) 。
第二电平比较模块包含： 第二参考电压模块 H2， 比较器 C2。
第一管脚与比较器 C2 的负极相连； 第二管脚通过第二参考电压模块 H2与比较器 C2 的正极相连， 即第二管脚与第二参考电压模块 H2 的正极相连， 第二参考电压模块 H2的负极与比较器 C2的正极相连。
本实施例中， 第二参考电压模块 H2 可以是电源， 其正极为第二参考电压模块 H2 的正极， 其负极为第二参考电压模块 H2的负极。 第二参考电压模块 H2提供的电压值 为阈值 Vg。 在本发明的其它实施例中， 第二参考电压模块 H2可以是与电源连接的二极管等可 提供参考电压 （阈值电压） 的部件。
本实施例中， 当第一管脚的电平 V3 高于第二管脚的电平 V4与阈值 Vg之和 （即 V3> V4+Vg) 时， 第一电平比较模块的比较器 C1的输出端（Sell )输出高电平信号 （指 示信号一， 记作 Sgl ) ， 表明第一管脚为麦克管脚， 第二管脚为地管脚； 否则， 第一电 平比较模块输出低电平 （记作 Sgl ' ) ；
当第二管脚的电平 V4高于第一管脚的电平 V3与阈值 Vg之和 （即 V4> V3 +Vg) 时， 第二电平比较模块的比较器 C2 的输出端 （Sel2) 输出高电平信号 （指示信号二， 记作 Sg2) ， 表明第二管脚为麦克管脚， 第一管脚为地管脚； 否则， 第二电平比较模块 输出低电平 （记作 Sg2' ) 。
基于此， 可以通过第一电平比较模块和第二电平比较模块输出的高低电平信号来确 定第一管脚和第二管脚的类型。 当然， 本实施例还可以采用如图 11 所示的三极管与比较器共同使用实现比较第一 管脚和第二管脚电压的目的。
参见图 11， 第一电平比较模块包含： NPN型三极管 Ta， 电源输出端 （VBAT) ， 电阻 R3a; 此外， 第一电平比较模块还可以包含电阻 Rla和 R2a。
三极管 Ta的基极（B)与第二管脚相连， 发射级（E)与第一管脚相连， 集电极（C) 与第一电平比较模块的输出端 （Sell ) 相连， 并通过电阻 R3a与电源输出端 （VBAT ) 相连。
第一电平比较模块中， 第二管脚与三极管 Ta的基极 （B) 可以通过电阻 Rla相连； 输出端 （Sell ) 与三极管 Ta的集电极 （C ) 可以通过电阻 R2a相连， 同时三极管 Ta的 集电极 （C) 与电源输出端 （VBAT) 通过电阻 R2a和电阻 R3a相连。
当然， 本实施例中的第一电平模块也可以替换为第二实施例中的第一电平模块。 第二电平比较模块包含： 第二参考电压模块 H2， 比较器 C2。
第一管脚与比较器 C2 的正极相连； 第二管脚通过第二参考电压模块 H2与比较器 C2 的负极相连， 即第二管脚与第二参考电压模块 H2 的负极相连， 第二参考电压模块 H2的正极与比较器 C2的负极相连。
本实施例中， 第二参考电压模块 H2 可以是电源， 其正极为第二参考电压模块 H2 的正极， 其负极为第二参考电压模块 H2的负极。 第二参考电压模块 H2提供的电压值 为阈值 Vg。
在本发明的其它实施例中， 第二参考电压模块 H2可以是与电源连接的二极管等可 提供参考电压 （阈值电压） 的部件。
比较器 C2的输出管脚即为第二电平比较模块的输出端 （Sel2) 。
本实施例中， 当第一管脚的电平 V3 高于第二管脚的电平 V4与阈值 Vg之和 （即
V3> V4+Vg) 时， 第二电平比较模块的比较器 C2的输出端（Sel2 )输出高电平信号 （指 示信号一， 记作 Sgl ) ， 表明第一管脚为麦克管脚， 第二管脚为地管脚； 否则， 第二电 平比较模块输出低电平 （记作 Sgl ' ) ；
当第二管脚的电平 V4高于第一管脚的电平 V3与阈值 Vg之和 （即 V4> V3 +Vg) 时， 第一电平比较模块的三极管 Ta 处于导通状态， 输出端 （Sell ) 输出低电平 （指示 信号二， 记作 Sg2) ， 表明第二管脚为麦克管脚， 第一管脚为地管脚； 否则， 第一电平 比较模块输出高电平信号 （记作 Sg2' ) 。
本实施例中， 三极管 Ta的导通电压可以为阈值 Vg， 例如， 0.3V或 0.7V。 由此可见， 根据图 9-图 11所示的装置， 由于通过设置两个电平比较模块 （记作电 平比较模块 A和电平比较模块 B) ， 电平比较模块 A在第一管脚电平高于第二管脚电 平一定幅度时发送信号 Sgl， 否则发送信号 Sgl ' ; 电平比较模块 B在第二管脚电平高 于第一管脚电平一定幅度时发送信号 Sg2， 否则发送信号 Sg2' ; 也就是说本发明的音频 接口类型检测装置可提供三种状态：
状态 1 : 电平比较模块 A发送信号 Sgl (表明 V3> V4+Vgl ) ， 电平比较模块 B发 送信号 Sg2' (表明 V4≤V3 +Vg2 ) ； 即第一管脚为麦克管脚；
状态 2: 电平比较模块 A发送信号 Sgl ' (表明 V3≤V4+Vgl ) ， 电平比较模块 B 发送信号 Sg2 (表明 V4> V3 +Vg2) ； 即第二管脚为麦克管脚；
状态 3 : 电平比较模块 A发送信号 Sgl ' (表明 V3≤V4+Vgl ) ， 电平比较模块 B 发送信号 Sg2' (表明 V4≤V3 +Vg2 ) ； 即第一管脚和第二管脚的属性未知；
因此， 本实施例可以以较低的成本即可准确音频接口的类型。 实施例 6
本发明的进一步实施例提出了一种电子签名工具， 包括如上述任一实施例的自动识 别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的装置。 在本说明书的描述中，参考术语"一个实施例"、 "一些实施例"、 "示例"、 "具体示例"、 或"一些示例"等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、 结构、 材料或者特点 包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。 在本说明书中， 对上述术语的示意性表述不 一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。 而且， 描述的具体特征、 结构、 材料或者特点可以在 任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例， 本领域的普通技术人员可以理解： 在不脱 离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、 修改、 替换和变型， 本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同限定。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的方法， 所述音频接口包括第一管 脚和第二管脚， 所述第一管脚为所述音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚中的一个， 所述第二 管脚为所述音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚中的另一个， 其特征在于，
所述方法包括以下步骤：
判断所述第一管脚和所述第二管脚的电压差值的绝对值小于第一阈值， 则不执行对 音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的识别操作；
判断所述第一管脚和所述第二管脚的电压差值的绝对值大于等于第二阈值， 则通过 电压差值的正负判定音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的类型；
其中， 所述第二阈值大于等于所述第一阈值；
判断所述电压差值的绝对值大于等于第二阈值， 且所述电压差值为正值时， 判定所 述第一管脚为麦克管脚， 所述第二管脚为地管脚；
判断所述电压差值的绝对值大于等于第二阈值， 且所述电压差值为负值时， 判定所 述第一管脚为地管脚， 所述第二管脚为麦克管脚。
2、 如权利要求 1 所述的方法， 其特征在于， 当判断所述第二阈值大于所述第一阈 值， 所述电压差值的绝对值在第一阈值和第二阈值之间时；
不执行对音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的识别操作； 或者
执行对音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的识别操作； 当执行对音频接口第一管脚和第 二管脚的识别操作时， 通过电压差值的正负判定音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的类型。
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述电压差值采用如下方式获取： 直接测量所述第一管脚和所述第二管脚的电压差值； 或者
分别测量所述第一管脚和所述第二管脚相对于参考电压的电压值， 计算测量得到的 电压值的差值。
4、 如权利要求 1至 3任一项所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述电压差值的比较是通 过以下的方式之一或者其组合实现的： 三极管、 比较器或处理器。
5、 一种自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的装置， 所述音频接口包括第一管 脚和第二管脚， 所述第一管脚为所述音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚中的一个， 所述第二 管脚为所述音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚中的另一个， 其特征在于，还包括： 判断模块， 所述判断模块， 用于在判断所述第一管脚和所述第二管脚的电压差值的绝对值小于 第一阈值时， 不执行对音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的识别操作； 在判断所述第一管脚 和所述第二管脚的电压差值的绝对值大于等于第二阈值时， 通过电压差值的正负判定音 频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的类型； 其中， 所述第二阈值大于等于所述第一阈值； 在判 断所述电压差值的绝对值大于等于第二阈值， 且所述电压差值为正值时， 判定所述第一 管脚为麦克管脚， 所述第二管脚为地管脚； 在判断所述电压差值的绝对值大于等于第二 阈值， 且所述电压差值为负值时， 判定所述第一管脚为地管脚， 所述第二管脚为麦克管 脚。
6、 如权利要求 5 所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述判断模块还用于在判断所述第二 阈值大于所述第一阈值， 所述电压差值的绝对值在第一阈值和第二阈值之间时； 不执行 对音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的识别操作； 或者执行对音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚 的识别操作； 当执行对音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的识别操作时， 通过电压差值的正 负判定音频接口第一管脚和第二管脚的类型。
7、 如权利要求 5或 6所述的装置， 其特征在于， 还包括： 采集模块， 所述采集模 块分别与音频接口的第一管脚和第二管脚相连；
所述采集模块， 用于分别采集所述第一管脚和所述第二管脚的电压值或者电压差 值， 并将所述电压值或者电压差值发送给所述判断模块。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的装置， 其特征在于，
所述采集模块包括第一采集模块和第二采集模块；
所述第一采集模块的一端与音频接口的第一管脚相连， 用于采集所述第一管脚的电 压值；
第二采集模块， 所述第二采集模块的一端与所述音频接口的第二管脚相连， 用于采 集所述第二管脚的电压值； 以及
所述第一采集模块和第二采集模块的另一端分别与所述判断模块的第一输入端和 第二输入端相连， 并将采集到的所述电压值发送给所述判断模块进行比较。
9、 如权利要求 5或 6所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述判断模块为以下一种或者其 组合， 比较器、 三极管或处理器。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述处理器还包括： 模数转换模块， 所述模数转换模块， 用于将所述第一管脚和第二管脚的电压转换为数字电压信号， 并将 所述数字电压信号发送给所述判断模块进行比较和识别。
1 1、 一种电子签名工具， 其特征在于， 包括如权利要求 5-10 任一项所述的自动识 别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的装置。
PCT/CN2013/077143 2012-06-13 2013-06-13 自动识别音频接口的麦克管脚和地管脚的方法及装置 WO2013185609A1 (zh)

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