WO2013185540A1 - 一种电解铝用电解质以及使用该电解质的电解工艺 - Google Patents
一种电解铝用电解质以及使用该电解质的电解工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013185540A1 WO2013185540A1 PCT/CN2013/076442 CN2013076442W WO2013185540A1 WO 2013185540 A1 WO2013185540 A1 WO 2013185540A1 CN 2013076442 W CN2013076442 W CN 2013076442W WO 2013185540 A1 WO2013185540 A1 WO 2013185540A1
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- electrolyte
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- electrolysis
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- melt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/18—Electrolytes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrolyte for electrolytic aluminum and an electrolytic process using the same, belonging to the non-ferrous metal smelting industry.
- Electrolytic aluminum is obtained by electrolytic methods.
- the electrolytic aluminum is usually a conventional Hall-Herault molten salt electrolytic aluminum process, which uses a cryolite-alumina melt electrolysis method, which is a cryolite Na 3 AlF 6 fluoride salt melt.
- CN101671835A discloses a low-temperature molten salt system for aluminum electrolysis, the molten salt composition of which is A1F 3 and A1 2 0 3 , and KF, NaF, MgF 2 , CaF. 2 , one or more salts of NaCl, LiF, BaF 2 , wherein the molar percentage of A1F 3 is 22-50%, the molar percentage of A1 2 0 3 is 1-25%, and the content of remaining components It is 25-77%.
- the electrolyte can be operated in a wide range of temperatures down to 680-900 degrees Celsius.
- MgF 2 , [&? 2 is a high melting point substance, and MgF 2 and CaF are used.
- NaCl has not been widely used in industrial production until now; and addition of NaCl, according to common knowledge in the art, lowering the molar ratio of NaF and A1F 3 can also lower the electrolyte.
- the liquidus temperature but current industry, NaF and A1F 3 molar ratio is usually greater than 2.2, it is as if into a Reducing the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte, and a corresponding decrease in the temperature of the electrolysis will bring a problem can not be solved, i.e., the cathode NaF, and A1F 3 will have a "crust" phenomenon in the process of low-temperature electrolysis, the reason for this "crust" Phenomenon In the process of electrolysis, sodium ions and aluminum ions in the electrolyte will aggregate.
- the present invention provides a low primary crystal temperature, non-corrosive to the electrolytic cell, non-corrosive, suitable electrical conductivity and alumina solubility and An electrolyte for electrolytic aluminum which produces a "crusting” phenomenon and an electrolytic process using the same.
- the electrolyte solution for electrolytic aluminum according to the present invention and the technical scheme of the electrolytic process using the electrolyte are: an electrolyte for electrolytic aluminum, which is composed of the following mass percentage components, NaF 20-29.9%, A1F 3 60.1-66%, LiF 3-10%, KF 4-13.9%, A1 2 0 3 3-6%, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to A1F 3 is 0.6-0.995; or, consists of the following mass percentage components, NaF 30-38% , A1F 3 49-60%, LiF 1-5%, KF 1-6%, A1 2 0 3 3-6%, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to A1F 3 is 1.0-1.52.
- the molar ratio of the NaF to A1F 3 is from 0.6 to 0.7 or from 1.12 to 1.52.
- the primary crystal temperature of the electrolyte is 620-670 °C.
- the primary crystal temperature of the electrolyte is 640-670 °C.
- the electrolyte has an electrolysis temperature of 720-760 °C.
- the electrolysis process using the electrolyte for electrolytic aluminum includes the following steps:
- the melt prepared in the step (1) is heated to 720-760 ° C for electrolysis.
- the melt prepared in the step (1) is subjected to electrolysis at 730 to 750 °C. Quantitatively replenish A1 2 0 3 during electrolysis.
- the electrolyte for electrolytic aluminum according to the present invention and the electrolytic process using the same have the following advantages:
- the electrolyte for electrolytic aluminum is a pure fluoride salt system composed of the following mass percentage components, NaF 20-29.9%, A1F 3 60.1-66%, LiF 3-10%, KF 4 -13.9%, A1 2 0 3 3-6%, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to A1F 3 is from 0.6 to 0.995; or, consisting of the following mass percentage components, NaF 30-38%, A1F 3 49-60%, LiF 1-5%, KF 1-6%, A1 2 0 3 3-6%, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to A1F 3 is from 1.0 to 1.52.
- the advantages of this arrangement are: First, the primary crystal temperature is low and no crust occurs.
- the present invention makes the electrolyte by using an electrolyte of a pure fluoride salt system, by defining the composition of the substance in the electrolyte, and further limiting the content of these substances, and the molar ratio of the NaF to A1F 3 is 0.6-0.995 or 1.0-1.52.
- the primary crystal temperature is lowered to 640-670 ° C, so that the electrolysis process can be electrolyzed at 720-760 ° C, which reduces the volatilization loss of the fluoride salt, avoids corrosion of the electrolysis device and harm to the human body, and improves
- the working environment greatly reduces the energy consumption of the electrolysis process and achieves the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction.
- the invention can form a lithium melting crystal with low melting point by combining sodium ions and aluminum ions in the electrolyte by adding appropriate contents of LiF and KF. Stone and potassium cryolite to ensure that no crust occurs during electrolysis.
- alumina has a higher solubility.
- the electrolyte for electrolytic aluminum of the present invention has no added CaF 2 and MgF 2 as compared with the current industry, but has a suitable ratio in a system in which the molar ratio of NaF to A1F 3 is 0.6-0.995 or 1.0-1.52.
- the KF function of increasing the solubility and dissolution rate of alumina improves the disadvantage of low solubility of low molar ratio electrolyte aluminum.
- the electrolyte has a high electrical conductivity.
- the conductivity of the electrolyte decreases with decreasing temperature, so the conductivity at a low electrolysis temperature is generally difficult to meet the needs of a normal electrolysis process, and the present invention lowers the electrolysis temperature by lowering the primary crystal temperature of the electrolyte, but the present invention has The LiF with high conductivity is increased, and the ratio of components in the electrolyte is optimized, so that the conductivity of the electrolyte at low temperature can also meet the needs of the electrolysis process, and the current efficiency of the electrolysis process is improved.
- the present invention defines LiF content in the electrolyte system to be 3-10% or 1-5%, because LiF contains If the amount is too low, the conductivity and the effect of crusts are not improved, and the content of LiF is too high, which leads to a decrease in the solubility of alumina.
- the present invention effectively avoids the above two kinds by limiting the content of LiF. happening. Fourth, the corrosion of metals is reduced. Electrolysis using the above-described ratio of electrolyte in the present invention does not corrode the electrolytic cell device, thereby increasing the service life of the electrolytic device.
- the inventors of the present invention have matched the composition and content characteristics of the electrolyte according to the present invention through long-term research.
- the electrolysis temperature is set at 720-760 ° C. While increasing the conductivity and the solubility of alumina, the electrolyte evaporation and the energy consumption of the electrolysis process are greatly reduced, and the economic performance of the process is improved.
- the present invention further provides that the electrolysis temperature is 730-750 °C.
- the technical solutions described in the present invention are further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. detailed description
- Example 1 The composition of the electrolyte in this example was: foot, 20%; A1F 3 , 65.98%; LiF, 5.01%; KF, 6.01%; A1 2 0 3 , 3%, wherein NaF and aluminum fluoride A1F 3 The molar ratio is 0.6.
- the properties of the electrolyte described in this example were measured, and as a result, the initial crystal temperature of the electrolyte in this example was 640 °C.
- the electrolysis process using the electrolyte described in this embodiment is:
- Example 2 The composition of the electrolyte in this example was: NaF, 29.9%; A1F 3 , 60.1%; LiF, 3%; KF, 4%; A1 2 0 3 , 3%, wherein NaF and aluminum fluoride A1F 3 The molar ratio is 0.995.
- the properties of the electrolyte described in this example were measured, and as a result, the primary crystal temperature of the electrolyte in this example was 670 °C.
- the electrolysis process using the electrolyte described in this embodiment is:
- Example 3 The composition of the electrolyte in this example was: NaF, 20%; A1F 3 , 66%; LiF, 4%; KF, 4%; A1 2 0 3 , 6%, wherein NaF and aluminum fluoride A1F 3 The molar ratio is 0.6.
- the properties of the electrolyte described in this example were measured, and as a result, the initial crystal temperature of the electrolyte in this example was 640 °C.
- the electrolysis process using the electrolyte described in this embodiment is:
- Example 4 The composition of the electrolyte in this example was: NaF, 21%; A1F 3 , 60.1%; LiF, 10%; KF, 5.9%; A1 2 0 3 , 3%, wherein NaF and aluminum fluoride A1F 3 The molar ratio is 0.7.
- the properties of the electrolyte described in this example were measured, and as a result, the primary crystal temperature of the electrolyte in this example was 640 °C.
- the electrolysis process using the electrolyte described in this embodiment is:
- Example 5 The composition of the electrolyte in this example was: NaF, 20%; A1F 3 , 60.1%; LiF, 3%; KF, 13.9%; A1 2 0 3 , 3%, wherein NaF and aluminum fluoride A1F 3 The molar ratio is 0.67.
- the properties of the electrolyte described in this example were measured, and as a result, the initial crystal temperature of the electrolyte in this example was 620 °C.
- the electrolysis process using the electrolyte described in this embodiment is:
- Example 6 The composition of the electrolyte in this example was: NaF, 20%; A1F 3 , 61%; LiF, 9%; KF, 4%; A1 2 0 3 , 6%, wherein NaF and aluminum fluoride A1F 3 The molar ratio is 0.65.
- the properties of the electrolyte described in this example were measured, and as a result, the primary crystal temperature of the electrolyte in this example was 670 °C.
- the electrolysis process using the electrolyte in the embodiment is: (1) mixing the above amounts of NaF, A1F 3 , LiF, KF, A1 2 0 3 , and heating the obtained mixture to form a melt; (2) The melt prepared in the step (1) is heated to 760 ° C for electrolysis, and the A1 2 0 3 is quantitatively supplemented in the electrolysis process, and the conductivity of the electrolyte during the electrolysis is ⁇ cm-density -2.05 g/cm 3 , The alumina saturation concentration was 6%.
- Example 7 The composition of the electrolyte in this example was: NaF, 13%; A1F 3 , 60%; LiF, 10%; KF, 12%; A1 2 0 3 , 5%, wherein NaF and aluminum fluoride A1F 3 The molar ratio is 0.43.
- the properties of the electrolyte described in this example were measured, and as a result, the initial crystal temperature of the electrolyte in this example was 660 °C.
- the electrolysis process using the electrolyte described in this embodiment is:
- Example 8 The composition of the electrolyte in this example was: NaF, 32%; A1F 3 , 57%; LiF, 3; KF, 4%; A1 2 0 3 , 4%, wherein NaF and aluminum fluoride A1F 3 The molar ratio is 1.12.
- the properties of the electrolyte described in this example were measured, and as a result, the initial crystal temperature of the electrolyte in this example was 640 °C.
- the electrolysis process using the electrolyte described in this embodiment is:
- Example 9 The composition of the electrolyte in this example was: NaF, 38%; A1F 3 , 50%; LiF, 2%; KF, 5%; A1 2 0 3 , 5%, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to aluminum fluoride A1F 3 is 1.52.
- the properties of the electrolyte described in this example were measured, and as a result, the primary crystal temperature of the electrolyte in this example was 670 °C.
- the electrolysis process using the electrolyte described in this embodiment is:
- Example 10 The composition of the electrolyte in this example was: NaF, 32%; A1F 3 , 57%; LiF, 3%; KF, 4%; A1 2 0 3 , 4%, wherein NaF and aluminum fluoride A1F 3 The molar ratio is 1.12.
- the properties of the electrolyte described in this example were measured, and as a result, the initial crystal temperature of the electrolyte in this example was 640 °C.
- the electrolysis process using the electrolyte described in this embodiment is:
- Example 11 The composition of the electrolyte in this example was: NaF, 32%; A1F 3 , 57%; LiF, 3%; KF, 4%; A1 2 0 3 , 4%, wherein NaF and aluminum fluoride A1F 3 The molar ratio is 1.12.
- the properties of the electrolyte described in this example were measured, and as a result, the initial crystal temperature of the electrolyte in this example was 640 °C.
- the electrolysis process using the electrolyte described in this embodiment is: (1) mixing the above amounts of NaF, A1F 3 , LiF, KF, A1 2 0 3 , and heating the obtained mixture to form a melt;
- Example 12 The composition of the electrolyte in this example was: NaF, 30%; A1F 3 , 60%; LiF, 1%; KF, 6%; A1 2 0 3 , 3%, wherein NaF and aluminum fluoride A1F 3 The molar ratio is 1.0.
- the properties of the electrolyte described in this example were measured, and as a result, the initial crystal temperature of the electrolyte in this example was 620 °C.
- the electrolysis process using the electrolyte described in this embodiment is:
- Example 13 The composition of the electrolyte in this example was: NaF, 38%; A1F 3 , 54%; LiF, 4%; KF, 1%; A1 2 0 3 , 3%, wherein NaF and aluminum fluoride A1F 3 The molar ratio is 1.4.
- the properties of the electrolyte described in this example were measured, and as a result, the primary crystal temperature of the electrolyte in this example was 670 °C.
- the electrolysis process using the electrolyte described in this embodiment is:
- Example 14 The composition of the electrolyte in this example was: NaF, 34%; A1F 3 , 49%; LiF, 5%; KF, 6%; A1 2 0 3 , 6%, wherein NaF and aluminum fluoride A1F 3 The molar ratio is 1.39.
- the properties of the electrolyte described in this example were measured, and as a result, the initial crystal temperature of the electrolyte in this example was 660 °C.
- the electrolysis process using the electrolyte described in this embodiment is:
- the melt prepared in the step (1) is heated to 760 ° C for electrolysis, and the A1 2 0 3 is quantitatively supplemented in the electrolysis process, and the conductivity of the electrolyte during the electrolysis is ⁇ cm-density -2.05 g/cm 3 , The alumina saturation concentration was 6%.
- the electrolytic cell used in the electrolysis process in the above embodiment is a continuous prebaked anode electrolytic cell having an anode current density of 0.8 A*cm- 2 .
- the electrolyte described in the present invention is suitable for use in any of the electrolytic cells of the prior art.
- the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail in the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should understand that any form of modification and details of the changes made on the basis of the present invention are claimed in the present invention. .
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/407,314 US20150122665A1 (en) | 2012-06-11 | 2013-05-30 | Electrolyte used for aluminum electrolysis and electrolysis process using the electrolyte |
AU2013275997A AU2013275997B2 (en) | 2012-06-11 | 2013-05-30 | Electrolyte used for aluminum electrolysis and electrolysis process using the electrolyte |
KR1020157000521A KR101801453B1 (ko) | 2012-06-11 | 2013-05-30 | 알루미늄 전해에 사용되는 전해질 및 상기 전해질을 사용하는 전해 공정 |
CA2876345A CA2876345C (en) | 2012-06-11 | 2013-05-30 | Electrolyte for aluminum electrolysis and electrolysis process using electrolyte |
IN211DEN2015 IN2015DN00211A (zh) | 2012-06-11 | 2013-05-30 | |
AP2015008185A AP2015008185A0 (en) | 2012-06-11 | 2013-05-30 | Electrolyte used for aluminum electrolysis and electrolysis process using the electrolyte |
EP13804761.8A EP2862962A4 (en) | 2012-06-11 | 2013-05-30 | ELECTROLYTE FOR ELECTROLYSIS OF ALUMINUM AND ELECTROLYSIS METHODS WITH ELECTROLYTE |
EA201492228A EA032047B1 (ru) | 2012-06-11 | 2013-05-30 | Электролит для электролиза алюминия и способ электролиза с применением электролита |
ZA2014/09514A ZA201409514B (en) | 2012-06-11 | 2014-12-23 | Electrolyte used for aluminum electrolysis and electrolysis process using electrolyte |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
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CN201210188422.7A CN103484897B (zh) | 2012-06-11 | 2012-06-11 | 一种电解铝用电解质以及使用该电解质的电解工艺 |
CN201210188422.7 | 2012-06-11 | ||
CN201310024018.0A CN103938227A (zh) | 2013-01-23 | 2013-01-23 | 电解铝用电解质以及使用该电解质的电解工艺 |
CN201310024018.0 | 2013-01-23 |
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WO2013185540A1 true WO2013185540A1 (zh) | 2013-12-19 |
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PCT/CN2013/076442 WO2013185540A1 (zh) | 2012-06-11 | 2013-05-30 | 一种电解铝用电解质以及使用该电解质的电解工艺 |
Country Status (10)
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US (1) | US20150122665A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2862962A4 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101801453B1 (zh) |
AP (1) | AP2015008185A0 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2013275997B2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2876345C (zh) |
EA (1) | EA032047B1 (zh) |
IN (1) | IN2015DN00211A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2013185540A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA201409514B (zh) |
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CA3077050A1 (en) | 2017-09-26 | 2019-04-04 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Acidic/anionic antimicrobial and virucidal compositions and uses thereof |
CN115110120B (zh) * | 2022-06-22 | 2024-01-23 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | 一种降低铝电解全氟化碳排放量的方法 |
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GB891369A (en) * | 1959-12-22 | 1962-03-14 | Harvey Lester Slatin | Electrolytic production of aluminum |
US5006209A (en) * | 1990-02-13 | 1991-04-09 | Electrochemical Technology Corp. | Electrolytic reduction of alumina |
US5284562A (en) * | 1992-04-17 | 1994-02-08 | Electrochemical Technology Corp. | Non-consumable anode and lining for aluminum electrolytic reduction cell |
CN101671835A (zh) | 2008-09-09 | 2010-03-17 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | 铝电解的低温熔盐体系及使用该熔盐体系进行铝电解的方法 |
CN101709487A (zh) * | 2009-12-18 | 2010-05-19 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | 一种铝电解的电解质 |
Family Cites Families (7)
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US6258247B1 (en) * | 1998-02-11 | 2001-07-10 | Northwest Aluminum Technology | Bath for electrolytic reduction of alumina and method therefor |
US7077945B2 (en) * | 2002-03-01 | 2006-07-18 | Northwest Aluminum Technologies | Cu—Ni—Fe anode for use in aluminum producing electrolytic cell |
WO2004035871A1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2004-04-29 | Moltech Invent S.A. | Aluminium electrowinning cells with metal-based anodes |
CN102011144A (zh) | 2010-12-15 | 2011-04-13 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | 适用于金属熔盐电解槽惰性阳极的镍基合金材料 |
GB2502392B (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2017-11-15 | Shenzhen Sunxing Light Alloys Mat Co Ltd | Method for preparing an electrolyte supplement system in aluminium electrolysis |
WO2013174065A1 (zh) * | 2012-05-23 | 2013-11-28 | 深圳市新星轻合金材料股份有限公司 | 用于铝电解工业的低分子比冰晶石及其制备方法 |
CN103484891B (zh) * | 2012-06-11 | 2016-06-15 | 内蒙古联合工业有限公司 | 一种电解铝用电解槽及使用该电解槽的电解工艺 |
-
2013
- 2013-05-30 AU AU2013275997A patent/AU2013275997B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2013-05-30 AP AP2015008185A patent/AP2015008185A0/xx unknown
- 2013-05-30 CA CA2876345A patent/CA2876345C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-05-30 EP EP13804761.8A patent/EP2862962A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-05-30 EA EA201492228A patent/EA032047B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2013-05-30 KR KR1020157000521A patent/KR101801453B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2013-05-30 US US14/407,314 patent/US20150122665A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-05-30 IN IN211DEN2015 patent/IN2015DN00211A/en unknown
- 2013-05-30 WO PCT/CN2013/076442 patent/WO2013185540A1/zh active Application Filing
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2014
- 2014-12-23 ZA ZA2014/09514A patent/ZA201409514B/en unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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GB891369A (en) * | 1959-12-22 | 1962-03-14 | Harvey Lester Slatin | Electrolytic production of aluminum |
US5006209A (en) * | 1990-02-13 | 1991-04-09 | Electrochemical Technology Corp. | Electrolytic reduction of alumina |
US5284562A (en) * | 1992-04-17 | 1994-02-08 | Electrochemical Technology Corp. | Non-consumable anode and lining for aluminum electrolytic reduction cell |
CN101671835A (zh) | 2008-09-09 | 2010-03-17 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | 铝电解的低温熔盐体系及使用该熔盐体系进行铝电解的方法 |
CN101709487A (zh) * | 2009-12-18 | 2010-05-19 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | 一种铝电解的电解质 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP2862962A4 |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2876345C (en) | 2017-03-14 |
AU2013275997A1 (en) | 2015-01-22 |
ZA201409514B (en) | 2016-06-29 |
CA2876345A1 (en) | 2013-12-19 |
US20150122665A1 (en) | 2015-05-07 |
EP2862962A4 (en) | 2015-12-09 |
EA032047B1 (ru) | 2019-03-29 |
AU2013275997B2 (en) | 2016-06-16 |
EP2862962A1 (en) | 2015-04-22 |
AP2015008185A0 (en) | 2015-01-31 |
KR101801453B1 (ko) | 2017-11-24 |
KR20150022995A (ko) | 2015-03-04 |
IN2015DN00211A (zh) | 2015-06-12 |
EA201492228A1 (ru) | 2015-05-29 |
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