AU2013275997A1

AU2013275997A1 - Electrolyte used for aluminum electrolysis and electrolysis process using the electrolyte

Info

Publication number: AU2013275997A1
Application number: AU2013275997A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Yulin FANG; Songtao SUN
Original assignee: INNER MONGOLIA UNITED IND CO Ltd
Current assignee: Inner Mongolia United Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date: 2012-06-11
Filing date: 2013-05-30
Publication date: 2015-01-22
Anticipated expiration: 2033-05-30
Also published as: US20150122665A1; ZA201409514B; EP2862962A4; EA032047B1; WO2013185540A1; KR20150022995A; AP2015008185A0; KR101801453B1; IN2015DN00211A; CA2876345A1; CA2876345C; EP2862962A1; AU2013275997B2; EA201492228A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electrolyte used for aluminum electrolysis and an electrolysis process using the electrolyte. The electrolyte of the present invention employs a pure fluoride salt system and consists of the following mass percent of constituents: 20% to 29.9% of NaF, 60.1% to 66% of A1F

Description

1/11 Description ELECTROLYTE FOR ALUMINUM ELECTROLYSIS AND ELECTROLYSIS PROCESS USING ELECTROLYTE 5 Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrolyte for aluminum electrolysis and an electrolysis process using the electrolyte, belonging to non-ferrous metal smelting industry. 10 Background of the Invention Aluminum electrolysis refers to acquisition of aluminum by means of an electrolysis method. In the prior art, a traditional Hall-Heroult molten salt aluminum electrolysis process is typically adopted for aluminum electrolysis. This process is featured by use of a cryolite-alumina molten salt electrolysis method in which cryolite Na3AIF6 fluoride salt melt is taken as flux, A1203 is dissolved in fluoride salt, carbon body is 15 taken as an anode, aluminum liquid is taken as a cathode, and electrolytic aluminum is obtained by performing electrochemical reaction at the anode and cathode of the electrolytic cell at a high temperature ranging from 940 to 960 0 C after a strong direct current is introduced. Due to high electrolysis temperature, the traditional aluminum electrolysis process has such characteristics as large volatilization amount of electrolyte, large oxidization loss of a carbon anode, large energy consumption, 20 large thermal loss and poor electrolysis working environment. In the prior art, in order to lower electrolysis temperature, a low temperature molten salt system for aluminum electrolysis is described in Chinese patent document CN101 671835A, the molten salt composition of the system includes AIF3, A1203 and one or more salts selected from the group consisting of KF, NaF, MgF2, CaF2, NaCl, LiF, and BaF2, wherein according to mole percentage, the 25 content of AIF3 is 22-50%, the content of A1203 is 1-25% and the content of the rest components is 25 77%. The electrolysis temperature of the electrolyte can be lowered to be within a wide area from 680 0 C to 900 0 C for the purpose of operations. In the aforementioned electrolyte, however, BaF2 is liable to sedimentation in the electrolysis process due to large density, so it is hardly applied to industrial production in an extensive fashion; use of MgF2 and CaF2, which are high-melting-point substances, will 30 increase the liquidus temperature of the entire system and will also degrade the electric conductivity and the alumina solubility of the electrolyte; because NaCl has a relatively low melting point, addition of NaCl is a way of lowering the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte, however, NaCl imposes a corrosion effect on such metals as Cu, Fe, Al and Ni at the aforementioned electrolysis temperature and will further lead to corrosion of metal parts like electrolytic cell accessories, this corrosion effect dramatically shortens the 35 service life of electrolysis devices, furthermore, NaCl is extremely liable to volatilization in the electrolysis process so as to form HCI gas that is harmful to human body, so until now, NaCl has not been widely applied to industrial production; in addition to addition of NaCl, decrease of the molar ratio of NaF to AIF3 can also lower the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte in light of common knowledge in this art, but in the existing industry, the molar ratio of NaF to AIF3 is generally larger than 2.2, this is because an 2/11 unsolvable problem will arise if the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte is further lowered and the electrolysis temperature is lowered correspondingly, namely, NaF and AIF3 will lead to a 'crusting' phenomenon of the cathode in the process of low-temperature electrolysis, the reason for this 'crusting' phenomenon is that sodium ions and aluminum ions in the electrolyte will gather at the cathode in the 5 electrolysis process to generate sodium cryolite, which is seldom molten at a low temperature due to its high melting point, as a result, the surface of the cathode is covered by a layer of refractory cryolite crust to affect normal electrolysis in the electrolysis process tremendously. Whether an electrolyte can be successfully applied to industrial production is based on comprehensive consideration for many factors like its liquidus temperature, volatility, electric conductivity, alumina 10 solubility, preparation environment and whether stable electrolysis process can be guaranteed, however, due to the above problems in the prior art, industrial application of the electrolyte is significantly limited, and it is an unsolved problem in the prior art to find a way of avoiding corrosion to electrolysis devices and damage to human body and ensuring proper electric conductivity and alumina solubility as well as no 'crusting' phenomenon of the prepared electrolyte while the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte is 15 further lowered. Summary of the Invention The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that, the prior art is incapable of avoiding corrosion to electrolysis devices and damage to human body and ensuring proper electric conductivity 20 and alumina solubility as well as no 'crusting' phenomenon of the prepared electrolyte while the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte is further lowered. Thus the present invention provides an electrolyte for aluminum electrolysis, which is low in liquidus temperature, free from corrosion to an electrolytic cell, not liable to volatilization, proper in electric conductivity and alumina solubility and free from 'crusting' phenomenon, and an electrolysis process using the electrolyte. 25 The technical solution for the electrolyte for aluminum electrolysis and the electrolysis process using the electrolyte in the present invention is as follows: An electrolyte for aluminum electrolysis is composed of the following components by mass percent: 20 29.9% of NaF, 60.1-66% of AIF3, 3-10% of LiF, 4-13.9% of KF and 3-6% of A1203, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to AIF3 is 0.6-0.995; 30 or composed of the following components by mass percent: 30-38% of NaF, 49-60% of AIF3, 1-5% of LiF, 1-6% of KF and 3-6% of A1203, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to AIF3 is 1.0-1.52. The molar ratio of NaF to AIF3 is 0.6-0.7 or 1.12-1.52. The liquidus temperature of the electrolyte ranges from 620 to 6700C. The liquidus temperature of the electrolyte ranges from 640 to 6700C. 35 The electrolysis temperature of the electrolyte ranges from 720 to 7600C. An electrolysis process using the electrolyte for aluminum electrolysis comprises the steps of: (1) mixing specified amounts of NaF, AIF3, LiF, KF and A1203, and heating the resultant mixture to form a melt; or mixing specified amounts of NaF, AIF3, LiF and KF, heating the resultant mixture until the mixture is molten, and then adding A1203 to obtain a melt; and 3/11 (2) heating up the melt prepared in step (1) to 720-7600C and then carrying out electrolysis. The melt prepared in step (1) is electrolyzed at 730-7500C. A1203 is quantitatively supplied in the electrolysis process. The electrolyte for aluminum electrolysis and the electrolysis process using the electrolyte in the present 5 invention have the advantages below: (1) The electrolyte for aluminum electrolysis in the present invention employs a pure fluoride system and is composed of the following components by mass percent: 20-29.9% of NaF, 60.1-66% of AIF3, 3-10% of LiF, 4-13.9% of KF and 3-6% of A1203, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to AIF3 is 0.6-0.995; or the electrolyte is composed of the following components by mass percent: 30-38% of NaF, 49-60% of AIF3, 10 1-5% of LiF, 1-6% of KF and 3-6% of A1203, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to AIF3 is 1.0-1.52. The advantages resulted from this are as follows: 1. Low liquidus temperature and no 'crusting' phenomenon. In the invention, an electrolyte with a pure fluoride system is employed, substance composition in the electrolyte is defined, the contents of these substances are further defined and the molar ratio of NaF to AIF3 is 0.6-0.995 or 1.0-1.52, so that the 15 liquidus temperature of the electrolyte is lowered to 640-6700C, as a result, electrolysis can be carried out at 720-7600C according to the electrolysis process, which reduces volatilization loss of fluoride salt, avoids corrosion to electrolysis device and damage to human body, improves working environment, greatly reduces energy consumption in the electrolysis process and achieves the aims of energy saving and emission reduction; and meanwhile, in the present invention, proper amounts of LiF and KF are 20 added and can be combined with sodium ions and aluminum ions in the electrolyte to form lithium cryolite and potassium cryolite with low melting points, thus ensuring no crusting phenomenon in the electrolysis process. 2. High alumina solubility. Compared with the existing industry, the electrolyte for aluminum electrolysis in the present invention has no CaF2 and MgF2 added therein, instead, KF in an appropriate proportion, 25 which has the function of increasing alumina solubility and dissolution velocity, is added to a system in which the molar ratio of NaF to AIF3 is 0.6-0.995 or 1.0-1.52, and therefore, the shortcoming of low alumina solubility in the low-molar-ratio electrolyte is improved. 3. High electric conductivity of the electrolyte. The electric conductivity of the electrolyte decreases as the temperature decreases, so typically, the electric conductivity at a low electrolysis temperature hardly 30 meets the demand in a normal electrolysis process; the electrolysis temperature is lowered by lowering the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte in the present invention, however, the electric conductivity of the electrolyte at a low temperature can still meet the demand in the electrolysis process because LiF with a larger electric conductivity is added and component proportions in the electrolyte are optimized, thus enhancing the current efficiency in the electrolysis process. According to the invention, the content 35 of LiF is defined as 3-10% or 1-5% in the electrolyte system, this is because too low content of LiF fails to improve electric conductivity and to prevent crusting, and too high content of LiF results in decrease of the alumina solubility, and the above two situations are effectively avoided by defining the content of LiF in the present invention.

4/11 4. Reduction of metal corrosion. There is no corrosion to an electrolytic cell device when the electrolyte with the above proportions is used, so that the service life of the electrolytic cell device is prolonged. (2) In the electrolysis process of the present invention, specified amounts of NaF, AIF3, LiF, KF and A1203 are mixed, the resultant mixture is heated to form a melt; or specified amounts of NaF, AIF3, LiF 5 and KF are mixed, the resultant mixture is heated until the mixture is molten, and then A1203 is added to obtain a melt; afterwards, the melt prepared is electrolyzed at 720OC-7600C. Electrolysis temperature is directly associated with volatilization of the electrolyte, energy consumption of the process, electric conductivity and alumina solubility, and the inventor of the present invention, by long research, set the electrolysis temperature within a range from 7200C to 7600C in a matching way based on the 10 components and content characteristics of the electrolyte in the present invention, thus volatilization of the electrolyte and energy consumption in the electrolysis process are remarkably reduced while both the electric conductivity and the alumina solubility are increased, and the economic efficiency of the process is improved. Preferably, the electrolysis temperature is further set within a range from 730 to 7500C in the present 15 invention. For more easily understanding the technical solution of the present invention, further description will be made below to the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments. Detailed Description of the Embodiments 20 Embodiment 1 The components of the electrolyte in this embodiment are as follows: 20% of NaF, 65.98% of AIF3, 5.01% of LiF, 6.01% of KF and 3% of A1203, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to aluminum fluoride AIF3 is 0.6. The performances of the electrolyte in this embodiment are measured and the measurement result is 25 that the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte in this embodiment is 6400C. The electrolysis process using the electrolyte in this embodiment is as follows: (1) mixing the aforementioned amounts of NaF, AIF3, LiF, KF and A1203, and heating the resultant mixture to form a melt; and (2) raising the temperature of the melt prepared in step (1) to 7200C and then carrying out electrolysis, 30 and quantitatively supplying A1203 in the electrolysis process, wherein in the electrolysis process, the electric conductivity of the electrolyte is about 1.70-1 -cm-1, the density is about 2.03g/cm3 and the saturation concentration of alumina is 5%. Embodiment 2 35 The components of the electrolyte in this embodiment are as follows: 29.9% of NaF, 60.1% of AIF3, 3% of LiF, 4% of KF and 3% of A1203, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to aluminum fluoride AIF3 is 0.995. The performances of the electrolyte in this embodiment are measured and the measurement result is that the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte in this embodiment is 6700C. The electrolysis process using the electrolyte in this embodiment is as follows: 5/11 (1) mixing the aforementioned amounts of NaF, AIF3, LiF and KF, and heating the resultant mixture until the mixture is molten, and then adding the aforementioned amount of A1203 to obtain a melt; and (2) raising the temperature of the melt prepared in step (1) to 7600C and then carrying out electrolysis, wherein in the electrolysis process, the electric conductivity of the electrolyte is about 1.80-1 -cm-1, the 5 density is about 2.05g/cm3 and the saturation concentration of alumina is 6%. Embodiment 3 The components of the electrolyte in this embodiment are as follows: 20% of NaF, 66% of AIF3, 4% of LiF, 4% of KF and 6% of A1203, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to aluminum fluoride AIF3 is 0.6. 10 The performances of the electrolyte in this embodiment are measured and the measurement result is that the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte in this embodiment is 6400C. The electrolysis process using the electrolyte in this embodiment is as follows: (1) mixing the aforementioned amounts of NaF, AIF3, LiF, KF and A1203, and heating the resultant mixture to form a melt; and 15 (2) raising the temperature of the melt prepared in step (1) to 7300C and then carrying out electrolysis, and quantitatively supplying A1203 in the electrolysis process, wherein in the electrolysis process, the electric conductivity of the electrolyte is about 1.60-1 -cm-1, the density is about 2.03g/cm3 and the saturation concentration of alumina is 5%. 20 Embodiment 4 The components of the electrolyte in this embodiment are as follows: 21% of NaF, 60.1% of AIF3, 10% of LiF, 5.9% of KF and 3% of A1203, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to aluminum fluoride AIF3 is 0.7. The performances of the electrolyte in this embodiment are measured and the measurement result is that the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte in this embodiment is 6400C. 25 The electrolysis process using the electrolyte in this embodiment is as follows: (1) mixing the aforementioned amounts of NaF, AIF3, LiF, KF and A1203, and heating the resultant mixture to form a melt; and (2) raising the temperature of the melt prepared in step (1) to 7500C and then carrying out electrolysis, and quantitatively supplying A1203 in the electrolysis process, wherein in the electrolysis process, the 30 electric conductivity of the electrolyte is about 1.80-1 -cm-1, the density is about 2.04g/cm3 and the saturation concentration of alumina is 6%. Embodiment 5 The components of the electrolyte in this embodiment are as follows: 20% of NaF, 60.1% of AIF3, 3% of 35 LiF, 13.9% of KF and 3% of A1203, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to aluminum fluoride AIF3 is 0.67. The performances of the electrolyte in this embodiment are measured and the measurement result is that the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte in this embodiment is 6200C. The electrolysis process using the electrolyte in this embodiment is as follows: 6/11 (1) mixing the aforementioned amounts of NaF, AIF3, LiF, KF and A1203, and heating the resultant mixture to form a melt; and (2) raising the temperature of the melt prepared in step (1) to 7200C and then carrying out electrolysis, and quantitatively supplying A1203 in the electrolysis process, wherein in the electrolysis process, the 5 electric conductivity of the electrolyte is about 1.60-1 -cm-1, the density is about 2.03g/cm3 and the saturation concentration of alumina is 5%. Embodiment 6 The components of the electrolyte in this embodiment are as follows: 20% of NaF, 61% of AIF3, 9% of 10 LiF, 4% of KF and 6% of A1203, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to aluminum fluoride AIF3 is 0.65. The performances of the electrolyte in this embodiment are measured and the measurement result is that the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte in this embodiment is 6700C. The electrolysis process using the electrolyte in this embodiment is as follows: (1) mixing the aforementioned amounts of NaF, AIF3, LiF, KF and A1203, and heating the resultant 15 mixture to form a melt; and (2) raising the temperature of the melt prepared in step (1) to 7600C and then carrying out electrolysis, and quantitatively supplying A1203 in the electrolysis process, wherein in the electrolysis process, the electric conductivity of the electrolyte is about 1.80-1 -cm-1, the density is about 2.05g/cm3 and the saturation concentration of alumina is 6%. 20 Embodiment 7 The components of the electrolyte in this embodiment are as follows: 13% of NaF, 60% of AIF3, 10% of LiF, 12% of KF and 5% of A1203, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to aluminum fluoride AIF3 is 0.43. The performances of the electrolyte in this embodiment are measured and the measurement result is 25 that the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte in this embodiment is 6600C. The electrolysis process using the electrolyte in this embodiment is as follows: (1) mixing the aforementioned amounts of NaF, AIF3, LiF, KF and A1203, and heating the resultant mixture to form a melt; and (2) raising the temperature of the melt prepared in step (1) to 7600C and then carrying out electrolysis, 30 and quantitatively supplying A1203 in the electrolysis process, wherein in the electrolysis process, the electric conductivity of the electrolyte is about 1.80-1 -cm-1, the density is about 2.05g/cm3 and the saturation concentration of alumina is 6%. Embodiment 8 35 The components of the electrolyte in this embodiment are as follows: 32% of NaF, 57% of AIF3, 3% of LiF, 4% of KF and 4% of A1203, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to aluminum fluoride AIF3 is 1.12. The performances of the electrolyte in this embodiment are measured and the measurement result is that the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte in this embodiment is 6400C. The electrolysis process using the electrolyte in this embodiment is as follows: 7/11 (1) mixing the aforementioned amounts of NaF, AIF3, LiF, KF and A1203, and heating the resultant mixture to form a melt; and (2) raising the temperature of the melt prepared in step (1) to 7200C and then carrying out electrolysis, and quantitatively supplying A1203 in the electrolysis process, wherein in the electrolysis process, the 5 electric conductivity of the electrolyte is about 1.70-1 -cm-1, the density is about 2.03g/cm3 and the saturation concentration of alumina is 5%. Embodiment 9 The components of the electrolyte in this embodiment are as follows: 38% of NaF, 50% of AIF3, 2% of 10 LiF, 5% of KF and 5% of A1203, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to aluminum fluoride AIF3 is 1.52. The performances of the electrolyte in this embodiment are measured and the measurement result is that the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte in this embodiment is 6700C. The electrolysis process using the electrolyte in this embodiment is as follows: (1) mixing the aforementioned amounts of NaF, AIF3, LiF and KF, and heating the resultant mixture until 15 the mixture is molten, and then adding the aforementioned amount of A1203 to obtain a melt; and (2) raising the temperature of the melt prepared in step (1) to 7600C and then carrying out electrolysis, wherein in the electrolysis process, the electric conductivity of the electrolyte is about 1.80-1-cm-1, the density is about 2.05g/cm3 and the saturation concentration of alumina is 6%. 20 Embodiment 10 The components of the electrolyte in this embodiment are as follows: 32% of NaF, 57% of AIF3, 3% of LiF, 4% of KF and 4% of A1203, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to aluminum fluoride AIF3 is 1.12. The performances of the electrolyte in this embodiment are measured and the measurement result is that the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte in this embodiment is 6400C. 25 The electrolysis process using the electrolyte in this embodiment is as follows: (1) mixing the aforementioned amounts of NaF, AIF3, LiF, KF and A1203, and heating the resultant mixture to form a melt; and (2) raising the temperature of the melt prepared in the step (1) to 7300C and then carrying out electrolysis, and quantitatively supplying A1203 in the electrolysis process, wherein in the electrolysis 30 process, the electric conductivity of the electrolyte is about 1.60-1 -cm-1, the density is about 2.03g/cm3 and the saturation concentration of alumina is 5%. Embodiment 11 The components of the electrolyte in this embodiment are as follows: 32% of NaF, 57% of AIF3, 3% of 35 LiF, 4% of KF and 4% of A1203, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to aluminum fluoride AIF3 is 1.12. The performances of the electrolyte in this embodiment are measured and the measurement result is that the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte in this embodiment is 6400C. The electrolysis process using the electrolyte in this embodiment is as follows: 8/11 (1) mixing the aforementioned amounts of NaF, AIF3, LiF, KF and A1203, and heating the resultant mixture to form a melt; and (2) raising the temperature of the melt prepared in step (1) to 7500C and then carrying out electrolysis, and quantitatively supplying A1203 in the electrolysis process, wherein in the electrolysis process, the 5 electric conductivity of the electrolyte is about 1.80-1 -cm-1, the density is about 2.04g/cm3 and the saturation concentration of alumina is 6%. Embodiment 12 The components of the electrolyte in this embodiment are as follows: 30% of NaF, 60% of AIF3, 1% of 10 LiF, 6% of KF and 3% of A1203, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to aluminum fluoride AIF3 is 1.0. The performances of the electrolyte in this embodiment are measured and the measurement result is that: the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte in this embodiment is 6200C. The electrolysis process using the electrolyte in this embodiment is as follows: (1) mixing the aforementioned amounts of NaF, AIF3, LiF, KF and A1203, and heating the resultant 15 mixture to form a melt; and (2) raising the temperature of the melt prepared in step (1) to 7200C and then carrying out electrolysis, and quantitatively supplying A1203 in the electrolysis process, wherein in the electrolysis process, the electric conductivity of the electrolyte is about 1.60-1 -cm-1, the density is about 2.03g/cm3 and the saturation concentration of alumina is 5%. 20 Embodiment 13 The components of the electrolyte in this embodiment are as follows: 38% of NaF, 54% of AIF3, 4% of LiF, 1% of KF and 3% of A1203, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to aluminum fluoride AIF3 is 1.4. The performances of the electrolyte in this embodiment are measured and the measurement result is 25 that the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte in this embodiment is 6700C. The electrolysis process using the electrolyte in this embodiment is as follows: (1) mixing the aforementioned amounts of NaF, AIF3, LiF, KF and A1203, and heating the resultant mixture to form a melt; and (2) raising the temperature of the melt prepared in step (1) to 7600C and then carrying out electrolysis, 30 and quantitatively supplying A1203 in the electrolysis process, wherein in the electrolysis process, the electric conductivity of the electrolyte is about 1.80-1 -cm-1, the density is about 2.05g/cm3 and the saturation concentration of alumina is 6%. Embodiment 14 35 The components of the electrolyte in this embodiment are as follows: 34% of NaF, 49% of AIF3, 5% of LiF, 6% of KF and 6% of A1203, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to aluminum fluoride AIF3 is 1.39. The performances of the electrolyte in this embodiment are measured and the measurement result is that the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte in this embodiment is 6600C. The electrolysis process using the electrolyte in this embodiment is as follows: 9/11 (1) mixing the aforementioned amounts of NaF, AIF3, LiF, KF and A1203, and heating the resultant mixture to form a melt; and (2) raising the temperature of the melt prepared in the step (1) to 7600C and then carrying out electrolysis, and quantitatively supplying A1203 in the electrolysis process, wherein in the electrolysis 5 process, the electric conductivity of the electrolyte is about 1.80-1 -cm-1, the density is about 2.05g/cm3 and the saturation concentration of alumina is 6%. The electrolytic cells used in the electrolysis processes in the aforementioned embodiments are continuous pre-baked anode electrolytic cells having an anode current density of 0.8A-cm-2. The electrolyte described in the present invention is applicable to any electrolytic cell in the prior art. 10 Detailed description has been made to the specific contents of the present invention in the aforementioned embodiments, and it should be understood by those skilled in this art that improvements and detail variations in any form based upon the present invention pertain to the contents that the present invention seeks to protect.

Claims

1. An electrolyte for aluminum electrolysis, being composed of the following components by mass percent: 20-29.9% of NaF, 60.1-66% of AIF3, 3 5 10% of LiF, 4-13.9% of KF and 3-6% of A1203, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to AIF3 is 0.6-0.995; or being composed of the following components by mass percent: 30-38% of NaF, 49-60% of AIF3, 1-5% of LiF, 1-6% of KF and 3-6% of A1203, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to AIF3 is 1.0-1.52.

2. The electrolyte according to claim 1, characterized in that the molar ratio of NaF to AIF3 is 0.6-0.7 or 1.12-1.52. 10

3. The electrolyte according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte ranges from 620 to 6700C.

4. The electrolyte according to claim 3, characterized in that, the liquidus temperature of the electrolyte ranges from 640 to 6700C.

5. The electrolyte according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that, the electrolysis temperature of the 15 electrolyte ranges from 720 to 7600C.

6. An electrolysis process using the electrolyte for aluminum electrolysis according to any of claims 1-5, comprising the steps of: (1) mixing specified amounts of NaF, AIF3, LiF, KF and A1203, and heating the resultant mixture to form a melt; or mixing specified amounts of NaF, AIF3, LiF and KF, heating the resultant mixture until the 20 mixture is molten, and then adding A1203 to obtain a melt; and (2) raising the temperature of the melt prepared in step (1) to 720-7600C and then carrying out electrolysis.

7. The electrolysis process using the electrolyte for aluminum electrolysis according to claim 6, characterized in that the melt prepared in step (1) is electrolyzed at 730-7500C. 25

8. The electrolysis process using the electrolyte for aluminum electrolysis according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that A1203 is quantitatively supplied in the electrolysis process.