OA17184A - Electrolysis tank used for aluminum electrolysis and electrolysis process using the electrolyzer. - Google Patents
Electrolysis tank used for aluminum electrolysis and electrolysis process using the electrolyzer. Download PDFInfo
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- OA17184A OA17184A OA1201400537 OA17184A OA 17184 A OA17184 A OA 17184A OA 1201400537 OA1201400537 OA 1201400537 OA 17184 A OA17184 A OA 17184A
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- anode
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- cell
- electrolysis
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- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 69
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Inorganic materials [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N AI2O3 Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K AlF3 Chemical compound F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 101710011445 BHLH147 Proteins 0.000 abstract description 4
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Inorganic materials [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 33
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 5
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- REHXRBDMVPYGJX-UHFFFAOYSA-H Sodium hexafluoroaluminate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].F[Al-3](F)(F)(F)(F)F REHXRBDMVPYGJX-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 4
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052803 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYLGJCQECKOTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-L Barium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ba+2] OYLGJCQECKOTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000518994 Conta Species 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N HCl Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- -1 aluminum Ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-J aluminum;tetrahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910001632 barium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The present invention discloses an electrolytic cell for aluminum electrolysis, comprising a cell body, wherein an anode and a cathode are arranged inside the cell body, the cell body is further filled with an electrolyte, and at least a part of the anode is immersed in the electrolyte; the anode is arranged above the cell body, the cathode is arranged at the bottom of the electrolytic cell and is covered by a certain amount of aluminum liquid, the electrolyte is located between the anode and the cathode and covers the aluminum liquid, and an insulating layer is arranged on the inner sidewall of the cell body and is used for isolating oxygen or the electrolyte from a carbon block. The electrolytic cell for aluminum electrolysis is characterized in that the anode contains the components including Fe, Cu Ni and Sn, wherein Fe and Cu serve as primary components; and the electrolyte is composed of 30-38wt% of NaF to AIF3, 1-5wt% of LiF, 1-6wt% of KF and 3-6wt% of Al2O3, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to AIF3 is 1.0-1.52. The electrolytic cell can be used for preparing industrial electrolytic aluminum.
Description
ELECTROLYTIC CELL FOR ALUMINUM ELECTROLYSIS AND ELECTROLYSIS PROCESS USING THE ELECTROLYTIC CELL
Field of the Invention
The présent Invention relates to an electrolytic cell for aluminum electrolysls and an electrolysls process using the electrolytic cell, belonging to non-ferrous métal smelting Industry.
Backg round of the Invention
In aluminum electrolysls Industry, a traditional Hall-Heroult molten sait aluminum electrolysis process Is typically adopted to perform electrolysls on the moiten salts of cryolite-alumlna In a prebaked carbon anode electrolytic cell typically by adopting, that Is, cryolite Na^AIFe fluoride sait melt Is taken as flux, AI2O3 Is dissolved In the fluoride sait, a carbon body is taken as an anode and vertically Inserted Into the electrolytic cell, a carbon body with aluminum liquid covering the bottom of the electrolytic cell Is taken as a cathode, electrochemical reaction Is carried out on the anode and cathode of the electrolytic cell at a high température ranglng from 940 to 960°C after a strong direct current Is Introduced, and the résultant aluminum liquid product covers the cathode at the bottom of the electrolytic cell. Due to high electrolysis température, the traditional aluminum electrolysis process has such characteristics as large volatilization amount of electrolyte, large oxldization loss of a carbon anode, large energy consumption and poor working environment.
In the prior art, In order to lower electrolysls température, a low température molten sait System for aluminum electrolysis Is disdosed In Chinese patent document CN101671835A, the molten sait composition of the System Includes AIF3, AI2O3 and one or more salts selected from the group consisting of KF, NaF, MgF2, CaF2, NaCi, LiF, and BaF2, and the electrolysis température of the electrolyte can be lowered to be within a wide area from 680 to 900°C for the purpose of operations. Addition of NaCi to the aforementioned electrolyte alms at lowering the liquldus température of the electrolyte, however, NaCI will lead to corrosion to métal parts like electrolytic cell accessories at the aforementioned electrolysls température, furthermore, NaCI Is extremely liable to volatillzation In the electrolysis process so as to form HCl toxic gas, so its application is difficult; in addition to addition of NaCI, decrease of the molar ratio of NaF to AIF3 can also lower the iiquidus température of the 5 electrolyte in light of common knowledge in this art, but in the exlsting Industry, the molar ratio of
NaF to AlFj is generally larger than 2.2, this Is because, If the molar ratio of NaF to AIF3 further decreases, NaF and AIF3 will lead to a ‘crusting’ phenomenon of the cathode in the process of low-temperature electrolysls while the Iiquidus température of the electrolyte is lowered, the reason for this ‘crusting* phenomenon is that sodium ions and aluminum Ions In the electrolyte will gather at to the cathode In the electrolysis process to generate sodium cryolite, which Is seldom molten at a low température due to Its high met tin g point, as a resuit, the surface of the cathode Is covered by a layer of refractory cryoiite crust to affect normal electrolysls In the electrolysis process tremendously. Due to the above problems In the prior art, Industrial application of the electrolyte Is significantly limited, and It is an unsolved problem In the prior art to find a way of avoiding corrosion to electrolysis 15 devices and damage to human body and ensuring proper electric conductivity and alumlna solubility as well as no cathode ‘crusting* phenomenon of the prepared electrolyte while the Iiquidus température of the electrolyte Is further lowered.
In addition to the high electrolysls température problem that needs to be soived, the carbon anode In the traditional electrolytic cell for aluminum electrolysls Is ceaselessly consumed by oxldization in 20 the electrolysls process, thus constant replacement for the carbon anode Is requlred; moreover, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and other waste gases are continuously generated at the anode during aluminum electrolysis. Hence, to lessen the consumptlon of an anode material in the aluminum electrolysis process and slmultaneously reduce the émission of waste gases, disclosed in the prior art Is plenty of documents for research on anode material, e.g. disclosed In Chlnese patent 25 document CN1443877A Is an Inert anode material applied to aluminum, magnésium and rare earth electrolysls industries, this material Is formed by blnary or muiti-eiement alloy composed of chromlum, nickel, ferrum, cobalt, titanium, copper, aluminum, magnésium and other metals, and the préparation method thereof is a smelting or powder metallurgy method. The prepared anode material is good in electric and thermal conductivity and generates oxygen In the electrolysls process, wherein in Example 1, an anode is made of the alloy material composed of 37wt% of cobalt, 18wt% of copper, 19wt% of nickel, 23wt% of ferrum and 3wt% of sllver and Is used for alumlnum electrolysis, the anode has a current denslty of 1.0A/cm2 in the electrolysis process at 850’C and the cell voltage Is maintained within a range from 4.1V to 4.5V In the electrolysis process, the 5 prepared aluminum has a purity of 98.35%.
Compared with the carbon material, the alloy anode material In the technologies aforementioned has higher electric conductivity and lower corrosion amount In the electrolysis process and can be processed Into random shapes, however, the alloy anode composed of the aforementioned components Is still high In overvoltage, which results In large Industrial power consumption and low 10 product quallty, besides, slnce a large quantity of expensive métal materials are used, the anode material Is high In cost and cannot adapt to Industrial needs.
In addition, a layer of oxide film Is generated on the surface of the prepared alloy anode In the prior art, and if this oxide film Is destroyed, the anode material exposed to the surface will be oxidized as a new oxide film. The oxide film on the surface of the alloy anode In the prior art has low oxldization 15 résistance and Is further liable to oxldization reaction to generate products that are likeiy to be corroded by the electrolyte, and the oxide film with low stabllity Is liable to fail off the anode electrode In the electrolysis process; after the previous oxide film is corroded or faits off, the material of the alloy anode exposed to the surface will croate a new oxide film by reaction, such replacement between new and old oxide films results In continuous consumption and poor corrosion résistance of 20 the anode material; furthermore, the corroded or falling oxide film enters Into liquid alumlnum In the electrolysis process of alumlna to dégradé the purity of tho final product alumlnum, as a resuit, the manufactured alumlnum product cannot meet the demand of national standards and accordingly cannot be directly used as a finlshed product.
Su mmary of the Invention
The first technical problem to be solved by the présent Invention Is that, the prior art Is Incapable of avoldlng corrosion to electrolysis devlces and damage to human body and ensuring proper electric conductivity and alumlna solubility as well as no 'crusting* phenomenon In the prepared electrolyte whlle the liquldus température of the electrolyte Is further iowered. Thus the présent invention provides an electrolytlc cell, containing an electrolyte for aluminum electrdysls which Is low In llquidus température, free from meta! corrosion, not fiable to voiatilization, proper in electric conductivlty and alumlna solubility and free from cathode 'crusting* phenomenon.
Slmultaneously, the second technical problem to be solved by the présent invention is that, an ailoy anode composed of métal components In the prior art Is high in overvoltage, power consumption in the aluminum eiectrolysis process 1s large and the métal components employed are high In price, resulting In cost Incrément of the alioy anode; In addition, an oxide film on the surface of the ailoy anode in the prior art Is low In oxldation résistance and fiable to fall off, which ieads to contlnuous consumption of the ailoy anode and poor corrosion résistance, furthermore, the corroded or falling oxide film enters Into liquid aluminum to dégradé the purity of the final product aluminum; and therefore, provided Is an electrolytlc cell for aluminum eiectrolysis, which Is low In overvoltage of the used inert anode material, low In price, strong In oxldation résistance and stabliity of the oxide film formed on the surface thereof and résistant to electrolyte corrosion.
Slmultaneously, the présent Invention provides a process for aluminum eiectrolysis using the above electrolytlc cell.
To solve the aforementioned technical problème, the présent Invention provides an eiectroiytic cell for aluminum eiectrolysis, comprising a cell body, wherein an anode and a cathode are arranged Inslde the cell body, the cell body is further filled with an electrolyte; the anode is arranged above the cell body, and at least a part of the anode Is immersed In the electrolyte; the cathode is arranged at the bottom of the eiectroiytic cell and covered by a certain amount of aluminum liquid; the electrolyte is located between the anode and the cathode; the anode contains the components including Fe, Cu, Ni and Sn, wherein Fe and Cu serve as primary components; the electrolyte 1s composed of 30-38wt% of NaF, 49-60wt% of AIF3,1-5wt% of LIF, 1-6wt% of KF and 3-6wt% of Ai2O3, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to AIF3 Is 1.0-1.52.
The bottom surface of the anode is kept parailei to the cell body, and an Insulatlng layer is arranged on the Inner sidewali of the cell body and is used for Isolating oxygen or the electrolyte from a carbon block.
A cell cover ls arranged at the upper end of the cell body and ls provided with a vent and a feeding hole; a cathode bar ls arranged Inside the cathode, one end of the anode pénétrâtes through the cell cover and ls connectedly provided with a binding post for connection with a power supply.
The mass ratio of Fe to Cu to Sn ls (23-40): (36-60): (0.2-5).
The components of the anode further Include NI.
The anode ls composed of Fe, Cu, NI and Sn, wherein the content of Fe is 23-40wt%, the content of Cu ls 36-60%, the content of Ni ls 14-28wt% and the content of Sn ls 0.2-5wt%.
The components ofthe anode further Include Al and Y.
The anode ls composed of Fe, Cu, Ni, Sn, Al and Y, wherein the content of Fe ls 23-40wt%, the 10 content of Cu ls 36-60wt%, the content of Ni ls 14-28wt%, the content of Al ls more than zéro and less than or equal to 4wt%, the content of Y 1s more than zéro and less than or equal to 2wt%, and the content of Sn ls 0.2-5wt%.
The molar ratio of NaF to AIF3 ls 1.12-1.52.
The liquldus température of the electrolyte ls 620-670'C.
An electrolysls process using the electrolytlc cell comprises the steps of:
(1) adding specified amounts of NaF, AIF3, UF, KF and AI2O3 to a melting fumace for mlxlng and meltlng to form a melt; or adding specified amounts of NaF, AIF3, UF and KF to a melting fumace for mixing and melting, and then adding AI2O3 to obtain a melt; and (2) ralsing the température ofthe melt prepared In step (1)to above 720-760°C, and then, pouring 20 the melt Into the electrolytic cell and carrying out electrolysis while the température ls malntalned at
720-760’C.
The electrolysls température ls 730-750’C.
AI2O3is quanti ta tively supplled In the electrolysls process.
The electrolysis process using the electrolytic cell comprises the steps of:
(1) adding specified amounts of NaF, AIF3, UF, KF and Ai2O3 to a melting fumace for mlxlng and melting to form a melt; or adding specified amounts of NaF, AIF3, UF and KF to a melting fumace for mlxlng and melting, and then adding AI2O3 to obtain a melt; and (2) raislng the température of the melt prepared in step (1) to above 720-760*0, and then, pouring the melt into the electrolytlc cell and carrying out electrolysis whlle the température is malntalned at 720-760*0.
The electrolysis température Is 730-750*0.
AI2O3IS quantitatively supplied in the electrolysis process.
The electrolytic cell and the electrolysis process using the electrolytic cell In the présent Invention hâve the advantages below:
(1) The electrolytic cell for alumlnum electrolysis in the présent Invention comprises a cell body, 10 wherein an anode and a cathode are arranged Inside the cell body, and the cell body Is further filled with an eiectrolyte; the anode Is arranged above the cell body, and at least a part of the anode Is Immersed In the eiectrolyte; the cathode Is arranged at the bottom of the electrolytic cell and covered by a certain amount of alumlnum liquid; the eiectrolyte Is located between the anode and the cathode; the anode contains the components including Fe, Cu, Ni and Sn, wherein Fe and Cu serve 15 as primary components; the eiectrolyte is composed of 30-36wt% of NaF, 49-60wt% of AIF3,1-5wt% of UF, 1-6wt% of KF and 3-6wt% of AI2O3, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to A!F3 Is 1.0-1.52.
The anode containlng métal Sn and composed of the aforementioned métal components Is high In electric conductîvlty and low in overvoltage, the cell voltage In the electrolysis process of the electrolytic cell is about 3.1-3.4V, power consumptlon in the alumlnum electrolysis process Is small, 20 the power consumption for per ton of alumlnum Is not more than 11000kw*h, so the process cost Is low, the anode material Is alloy composed of Fe, Cu and Sn, so an oxide film formed on the surface of the anode in the electrolysis process is high in oxidation résistance and Is hardly corroded by the eiectrolyte, and the formed oxide film is stable and not liable to fall off, therefore, the anode Is Imparted with quite high oxidation résistance and strong corrosion résistance so as to ensure the 25 purity of alumlnum products, that is, the purity of the produced alumlnum can reach 99.8%. The following probiems in the prior art are avoided: the alloy anode has high overvoltage, the oxide film on the alloy surface Is low In oxidation résistance and liable to fall off, which leads to contlnuous consumption of the alloy anode and poor corrosion résistance, furthermore, the corroded or falllng oxide film enters Into liquid alumïnum to dégradé the purity of the final product alumlnum. In addition, Fe and Cu serve as primary components of the alloy anode and their content proportions are quite high, and accordingly, the manufacturing cost of the anode material Is lowered.
The used electrolyte employs a pure fluoride system, substance composition In the electrolyte Is defined, the contents of these substances are further defined and the molar ratio of NaF to AlFjls 1.0-1.52, so that the liquidus température ofthe electrolyte is lowered to 640-670'C, as a resuit, electrolysis can be carried out at 720-760’C according to the electrolysis process, which reduces volatillzation loss of fluoride sait, avoids corrosion to electrolysis devices and damage to human body, Improves working environment, greatiy reduces energy consumption In the electrolysis process and achieves the aim of energy saving and émission réduction; meanwhile, In the présent invention, proper amounts of LIF and KF are added and can be combined with sodium ions and alumlnum ions In the electrolyte to form lithium cryolite and potassium cryolite with low melting points, thus the cmstlng phenomenon Is avolded In the electrolysis process; compared with the existing Industry, the electrolyte for alumlnum electrolysis In the présent invention has no CaF2 and MgFjadded therein, Instead, KF In an appropriate proportion, which has the fonction of increasing alumina solubility and dissolution velodty, Is added to a system in which the molar ratio of NaF to AIF3 Is 1.0-1.52, therefore, the shortcoming of low alumina solubility In the low-molar-ratio electrolyte is improved; In general, the electric conductivity of the electrolyte decreases as the température decreases, so typicaliy, the electric conductivity at a low electrolysis température hardiy meets the demand in a normal electrolysis process; the electrolysis température is lowered by lowering the liquidus température of the electrolyte In the présent invention, however, the electric conductivity of the electrolyte at a low température can still meet the demand In the electrolysis process because UF with a iarger electric conductivity is added and component proportions In the electrolyte are optimized, thus enhandng the current efficiency In the electrolysis process. According to the invention, the content of UF is defined as 1-5%, thls is because too low content of UF fails to improve electric conductivity and to prevent crusting, and too high content of UF results In decrease of the alumina solubility, and the above two situations are effectively avolded by definlng the content of UF as 1-5% In the présent Invention; and there Is no corrosion to a métal device when the electrolyte with the above proportions In the présent Invention Is used, In this way, the service life of 7 the electrolysis device Is prolonged.
(2) in the electrolytic cell for aluminum electrolysls in the présent invention, the anode is composed of Fe, Cu, Ni, Sn, Al and Y, wherein the content of Fe is 23-40wt%, the content of Cu is 36-60wt%, the content of Ni Is 14-28wt%, the content of Al Is iess than or equal to 4wt%, the content of Y is less than or equal to 2wt%, and the content of Sn is 0.2-5wt%.
Similariy, the aforementioned Inert alloy anode has the advantages of low matériel cost and high electric conductivity, In addition, the métal Al contained In the aforementioned Inert alloy anode plays a rôle of oxidization résistance and can serve as a reducing agent for métallothermie réduction reaction with métal oxides in the inert anode alloy, thus preventing the metals In the inert alloy anode, l.e. primary components, from being oxidized, and causing réduction of the electric conductivity of the alloy anode; meanwhile, the métal Y added can be used for controlling a crystal structure for anode material formation in the préparation process of the inert anode, achieving the anti-oxidization purpose.
(3) In the electrolytic cell for aluminum electrolysls in the présent invention, spedfied amounts of NaF, AIF3, L1F, KF and Ai2O3 are mixed, the résultant mixture Is heated to form a melt; or specified amounts of NaF, AlFj, UF and KF are mixed, the résultant mixture is heated until the mixture is molten, and then AI2O3 Is added to obtain a melt; afterwards, the melt prepared is electrolyzed at 720-760’C. Electrolysis température is directly assodated with volatilisation of the electrolyte, cathode crosting phenomenon, energy consumption of the process, electric conductivity and alumina solubility, and the Inventor of the présent Invention, by long search, set the electrolysls température within a range from 720-760’C in a matching way based on the components and content characteristics of the electrolyte in the présent invention, thus the cathode crustlng phenomenon is prevented and volatilizatîon of the electrolyte and energy consumption of the electrolysis process are remarkably reduced whiie both the electric conductivity and the alumina solubility are increased, and the économie effidency of the process is improved. Preferably, the electrolysis température is further set within a range from 730-750’C in the présent invention.
Brief Description of the Drawings
For more easily understanding the contents of the présent Invention, further description will be made below to the technical solution of the présent invention In conjunctlon with the drawing and the embodiments.
Fig.1 is a structure dlagram of the electrolytic celi for aluminum electrolysis in the présent invention;
In this drawing, reference slgns are as follows: 1 refers to cell body, 2 refers to anode, 3 refers to cathode, 4 refers to electroiyte, 5 refers to insuiating layer, 6 refers to cell cover, 7 refers to vent, 8 refers to feeding hole, 9 refers to blnding post, 10 refers to cathode bar and 11 refers to aluminum liquid.
Detalled Description of the Embodiments
The electrolytic cell for aluminum electrolysis In the présent invention is as shown in Flg.1 and comprises a cell body 1, wherein an anode 2 and a cathode 3 are arranged Inslde the cell body 1, the anode 2 and the cathode 3 can be arranged in random ways In accordance with the actual need, in this embodiment, the anode 2 Is arranged above the cell body 1, the bottom surface of the anode 2 Is kept parallel to the cell body 1, the cathode 3 Is arranged at the bottom of the electrolytic cell and covered by a certain amount of aluminum liquid 11; the cell body 1 is further filled with an electroiyte 4, Immersion of the anode 2 and the cathode 3 In the electroiyte 4 dépends on the selected electrolytic cell structure, In this embodiment, at least a part of the anode 2 is Immersed In the electroiyte 4; the cathode 3 Is arranged at the bottom of the electrolytic cell and covered by a certain amount of aluminum liquid 11; the electroiyte 4 is located between the anode 2 and the cathode 3 and covers the aluminum liquid 11; the anode 2 conta ins the components including Fe, Cu, Ni and Sn, wherein Fe and Cu serve as primary components, and the molar ratio of Fe to Cu to Sn Is (23-40): (36-60): (0.2-5); the electroiyte 4 Is composed of 30-38wt% of NaF, 49-60wt% of AIF3, 1-5wt% of UF, 1-6wt% of KF and 3-6wt% of AI2O3, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to AIF3 Is 1.0-1.52, preferably 1.12-1.52, and the liquidus température of the electroiyte 4 Is 620-670° C, preferably 640-670eC.
As a variable embodiment on this basis, In order to Isolate the Inner sidewall of the cell body 1 from the electroiyte 4 and oxygen to prevent transfer of électrons between the sidewall of the cell body 1 and the electrolyte 4 and corrosion ofthe electrolyte 4 to the sidewall of the cell body 1, an Insulating layer 5 Is arranged on the Inner sidewall of the cell body 1 and Is made of any commercially available insulating material that is résistant to high température and corrosion of the electrolyte 4, e.g. corundum, aluminate spinei refractory and the like. in this embodiment, a carbon block Is 5 arranged between the inner sidewall of the cell body 1 and the insulating layer 5, and the carbon block and the cathode 3 are Integrally formed. Undoubtedly, the carbon block and the cathode 3 can also be arranged In a separated manner.
On this basis, in order to isolate the electrolysis environment for the electrolytic cell from outside without impediment to exhaust and feeding, a cell cover 6 is arranged at the upper end of the œil 10 body 1 and Is provided with a vent 7 and a feeding hole 8 thereon, the sizes and positions of tire vent and the feeding hole can be randomly determined in accordance with the actuai need, and in this embodiment, the vent 7 Is arranged next to the anode 2.
Further, In order to fadlitate connection of the anode 2 and the cathode 3 with a power supply, a cathode bar 10 Is arranged on the cathode 3 at the bottom of the electrolytic œil and Is used for 15 connection with the power supply of the cathode 3; one end of the anode 2 pénétrâtes through the œil cover 6 and is connected and provided with a binding post 9 for connection with the power supply of the anode 2; and the cathode 10 and the binding post 9 can be made of any material with good electric conductivity, including steei, Iron and alloy materials, etc.
On this basis, In order to improve the combination firmness among metals Fe, Cu and Sn, the 20 components of the anode 2 further Include Ni, preferably the anode 2 is composed of Fe, Cu, Ni and
Sn, wherein the content Fe is 23-40wt%, the content of Cu is 36-60wt%, the content of Ni is 14-28wt% and the content of Sn Is 0.2-5wt%.
The anode 2 may be preferably composed of Fe, Cu, Ni, Sn, Al and Y, the added Ai can prevent other primary métal components of the anode 2 from oxidation and Improve the oxidization 25 résistance, the component Y can be used for regulating and controliing the structure of the prepared alloy crystai in order to achleve the anti-oxidization purpose, wherein the content of Fe Is 23-40wt%, the content of Cu is 36-60wt%, the content of Ni is 14-28wt%, the content of Ai Is less than or equai to 4wt%, the content of Y is less than or equai to 2wt%, and the content of Sn is 0.2-5wt%.
The electrolysis température is 720-760’C when the aforementioned electrolytic cell Is used for aluminum electrolysis, preferably 730-750eC.
Description ls made below ln conjonction with the embodiments.
Embodiment 1
Fe, Cu, Ni and Sn métal blocks are mixed based on 23wt% of Fe, 60wt% of Cu, 14wt% of Ni and 3wt% of Sn, the mixture ls molten by heating at high température and then subjected to casting to obtain an anode 1. The anode 1 has a denslty of 8.3/cm3, a spécifie resistivity of 68pO*cm and a melting point of 1360eC.
The components of the electrolyte In this embodiment are as foilows: 32% of NaF, 57% of AIF3, 3% of UF, 4% of KF and 4% of AI2O3, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to aluminum fluoride AIF3 ls 1.12. The liquidus température of the electrolyte In this embodiment ls 640’C according to measurement. The electrolyte has an electric conductivîty of about 1.7Q‘1,cm‘1, a denslty of about 2.03g/cm3 and an alumina saturation concentration of 5%.
The process using the electrolyte In the présent Invention for aluminum electrolysis is as foilows:
(1) by means of the anode 1 and the carbon body cathode, melting the aforementioned amounts of NaF, AIF3, UF, KF and AI2O3ln a melting fumace so as to fbrm a melt; and (2) raising the température of the meit prepared in step (1) to above 720*C In the melting fumace, then pouring the melt Into the electrolytic cell, switchlng on the power supplies of the anode and the cathode, and carrying out electrolysis for 40 hours while the température ls maintained at 720’C, wherein AI2O3ls quantitative ly supplied In the electrolysis process.
There ls no crust at the bottom of the cell body In the electrolysis process, the cell voltage of the electrolytic cell ls 3.1V, the power consumption for per ton of aluminum is 10040kw*h in the electrolysis process, and the prepared aluminum has a purity of 99.85%.
Embodiment 2
Fe, Cu, Ni and Sn métal blocks are mixed based on 40wt% of Fe, 36wt% of Cu, 19wt% of Ni and 5wt% of Sn, the mixture Is molten by heating at high température and then subjected to casting to obtain an anode 2. The anode has a density of 8.1/cm3, a spécifie resistivity of 76.8pC*cm and a melting point of 1386'C.
The components of the electrolyte In this embodiment are as follows: 38% of NaF, 50% of A!F3, 2% of UF, 5% of KF and 5% of Ai2O3, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to alumlnum fluoride AIF3 Is 1.52.
The performances of the electrolyte In this embodiment are measured and the measurement resuit is that the lîquidus température of the electrolyte in this embodiment Is 670eC. The electrolyte has an electric conductivity of about teff^cm*’, a density of about 2.05g/cm3 and an alumina saturation concentration of 6%.
The process using the electrolyte in the présent Invention for aluminum electrolysls Is as follows:
(1) by means of the anode 2 and the carbon body cathode, melting the aforementioned amounts of NaF, AIF3l UF and KF In a melting fumace, and then adding the aforementioned amount of AI2O3 to obtain a melt by melting; and (2) ralslng the température of the melt prepared in step (1) to above 760’C in the melting fumace, then pouring the melt Into the electrolytic cell, switching on the power supplies of the anode and the cathode, and carrying out electrolysls for 40 hours while the température is malntained at 760°C.
There Is no crust at the bottom of the cell body In the electrolysis process, the cell voltage of the electrolytic cell Is 3.39V, the power consumption for per ton of aluminum Is 10979kw*h In the electrolysis process, and the prepared aluminum has a purity of 99.82%.
Embodiment 3
Fe, Cu, Ni and Sn métal blocks are mixed based on 25wt% of Fe, 46.8wt% of Cu, 28wt% of Ni and 0.2wt% of Sn, the mixture is molten by heating at high température and then subjected to casting to obtain an anode 3. The anode has a density of 8.2/cm3, a spécifie resistivity of 72pO*cm and a melting point of 1350’C.
The components of the electrolyte In this embodiment are as follows: 32% of NaF, 57% of AIF31 3% of L1F, 4% of KF and 4% of AI2O3, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to aluminum fluoride AIF3 is 1.12.
The performances of the electroiyte in this embodiment are measured and the measurement resuit is that the liquidus température of the electroiyte in this embodiment is 640°C, The electroiyte has an electric conductivity of about 1.6Q‘1-cm·’, a density of about 2.03g/cm3 and an aiumina saturation concentration of 5%.
The process using the electroiyte in the présent invention for aluminum electrolysis is as foiiows:
(1) by means of the anode 3 and the carbon body cathode, melting the aforementioned amounts of NaF, AIF3, UF, KF and AI2O3ln a meiting fumace so as to form a melt; and (2) raising the température of the meit prepared in step (1) to above 730’C in the melting fumace, then pouring the melt into the electrolytic cell, switching on the power supplies of the anode and the cathode, and carrying out electrolysis for 40 hours whlle the température is maintained at 730’C, wherein AI2O3is quantitatively supplied in the electrolysis process.
There is no crust at the bottom of the cell body in the electrolysis process, the cell voltage of the electrolytic cell is 3.15V, the power consumption for per ton of aluminum Is 10202kw*h in the electrolysis process, and the prepared aluminum has a purity of 99.65%.
Embodiment 4
Fe, Cu, Ni and Sn métal biocks are mixed based on 24.2wt% of Fe, 60wt% of Cu, 14wt% of Ni and 0.2wt% of Sn, the mixture Is molten by heating at high température, 1.8wt% of Al métal block is then added for continuous melting and mixing, and finally, 0.8wt% of Y métal block is added for melting and mixing and an anode 4 is obtained by casting of the mixture. The anode has a density of 8.3/cm3, a spécifie resistivity of 68μΩ·οιη and a meiting point of 1360'C.
The components of the electroiyte in this embodiment are as follows: 32% of NaF, 57% of AIF31 3% of LJF, 4% of KF and 4% of AI2O3, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to aluminum fluoride AIF3 is 1.12.
The performances of the electroiyte In thls embodiment are measured and the measurement resuit is that the liquidus température of the electroiyte in this embodiment is 640*C. The electroiyte has an eiectric conductivity of about teffW1, a density of about 2.04g/cm3 and an alumlna saturation concentration of 6%.
The process using the electrolyte In the présent Invention for aluminum electrolysis Is as follows:
(1) by means of the anode 4 and the carbon body cathode, melting the aforementioned amounts of NaF, AIF3, UF, KF and AI2O3ln a melting fumace so as to form a meit; and (2) raislng the température of the meit prepared in step (1) to above 750‘C in the melting fumace, then pouring the meit into the electrolytlc celi, switching on the power supplies of the anode and the cathode, and carrying out electrolysis for 40 hours whlie the température Is malntalned at 750‘C, wherein AI2O3is quantîtatively supplied In the electrolysis process.
There Is no crust at the bottom of the œil body In the electrolysis process, the œil voltage of the electrolytlc œil is 3.12V, the power consumption for per ton of aluminum Is 10105kw*h in the electrolysis process, and the prepared aluminum has a purity of 99.8%.
Embodîment 5
Fe, Cu, Ni and Sn metai blocks are mlxed based on 40wt% of Fe, 36wt% of Cu, 14.9wt% of Ni and 5wt% of Sn, the mixture is molten by heating at high température, 0.1wt% of Al metai block Is then added for continuous melting and mixing, and finally, 0.1wt% of Y metai block is added for melting and mixing and an anode 5 is obtained by castîng of the mixture. The anode has a density of 8.1/cm3, a spécifie resistivity of 76.8p0*cm and a melting point of 1386”C.
The components of the electrolyte In this embodîment are as follows: 30% of NaF, 60% of AIF3,1% of UF, 6% of KF and 3% of A12O3, wherein the moiar ratio of NaF to aluminum fluoride AIF3 Is 1.0.
The performances of the electrolyte In this embodîment are measured and the measurement resuit Is that the liquldus température of the electrolyte in this embodîment Is 620*C. The electrolyte has an electric conductivity of about l.eflr^cm·1, a density of about 2.03g/cma and an alumlna saturation concentration of 5%.
The process using the electrolyte In the présent Invention for aluminum electrolysis is as follows:
(1) by means of the anode 5 and the carbon body cathode, melting the aforementioned amounts of NaF, A1F3, UF, KF and AI2O3ln a melting fumaœ so as to form a meit; and (2) raislng the température of the melt prepared In step (1) to above 720’C in the melting fumace, then pouring the melt Into the electrolytlc cell, switchlng on the power supplies of the anode and the cathode, and carrying out electrolysis for 40 hours while the température Is malntalned at 720*C, wherein Ai2O3is quantitatively supplied In the electrolysis process.
There is no crust at the bottom of the cell body In the electrolysis process, the cell voltage of the electrolytlc cell Is 3.27V, the power consomption for per ton of alumlnum Is 10591kw*h In the electrolysis process, and the prepared alumlnum has a purity of 99.81%.
Embodiment 6
Fe, Cu, Ni and Sn métal blocks are mlxed based on 25wt% of Fe, 38wt% of Cu, 28wt% of NI and 4wt% of Sn, the mixture Is molten by heating at hlgh température, 4wt% of Al métal block Is then added for continuous melting and mixlng, and finally, 1wt% of Y métal block Is added for melting and mlxlng and an anode 6 Is obtained by casting of the mixture. The anode has a denslty of 8.2/cm3, a spécifie reslstivity of 70μΩ·αη and a melting point of 1365*C.
The components of the electrolyte In this embodiment are as follows: 38% of NaF, 54% of AIF31 4% of UF, 1% of KF and 3% of AI2O3, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to aluminum fluoride AIF3 is 1.4.
The performances of the electrolyte in this embodiment are measured and the measurement resuit Is that: the liquidus température of the electrolyte In this embodiment Is 670’C. The electrolyte has an electric conductivity of about 1 .βΩ^αη*1, a density of about 2.05g/cm3 and an alumina saturation concentration of 6%.
The process using the electrolyte in the présent Invention for aluminum electrolysis is as follows:
(1) by means of the anode 6 and the carbon body cathode, melting the aforementioned amounts of NaF, AIF31 UF, KF and AI2O3 In a melting fumace so as to form a melt; and (2) raislng the température of the melt prepared in step (1) to above 760*C In the melting fumace, then pouring the melt Into the electrolytlc cell, switching on the power supplies of the anode and the cathode, and carrying out electrolysis for 40 hours while the température Is malntained at 760’C, wherein AI2O3ls quantitatively supplied In the electrolysis process.
There 1s no crust at the bottom of the cell body In the electrolysls process, the cell voltage of the electrolytlc cell Is 3.35V, the power consumptïon for per ton of aluminum Is 10850kw*h In the electrolysls process, and the prepared aluminum has a purity of 99.83%.
Embodiment 7
Fe, Cu, Ni and Sn métal blocks are mlxed based on 40wt% of Fe, 36.5wt% of Cu, 18wt% of Ni and 3wt% of Sn, the mixture Is molten by heating at high température, 1.5wt% of Al métal block Is then added for continuous melting and mlxlng, and finally, 1wt% of Y métal block Is added formelting and mlxlng and an anode 7 Is obtained bycasting ofthe mixture. The anode has a density of 8.1/cm3, a spécifie resistivity of 76.8pQ*cm and a melting point of 1386’C.
The components of the electrolyte in this embodiment are as follows: 34% of NaF, 49% of AIF3, 5% of LiF, 6% of KF and 6% of AI2O31 wherein the molar ratio of NaF to aluminum fluoride AIF3 Is 1.39.
The performances of the electrolyte In thls embodiment are measured and the measurement resuit Is that the liquidus température of the electrolyte in thls embodiment is 660’C. The electrolyte has an electric conductivity of about UQ’^cm*1, a density of about 2.05g/cm3 and an alumina saturation concentration of 6%.
The process using the electrolyte in the présent invention for aluminum electrolysls is as follows:
(1) by means of the anode 7 and the carbon body cathode, melting the aforementioned amounts of NaF, AIF31 LIF, KF and AI2O3in a melting fumace so as to form a melt; and (2) ralslng the température of the melt prepared In step (1) to above 760’C in the melting fumace, then pourlng the melt into the electrolytlc cell, switchlng on the power supplies of the anode and the cathode, and carrying out electrolysls for 40 hours while the température Is maintained at 760’C, wherein AI2O3is quantitatively supplied In the electrolysls process.
There Is no crust at the bottom of the cell body in the electrolysls process, the cell voltage of the electrolytic cell Is 3.38V, the power consumptïon for per ton of aluminum is 10947kw*h In the electrolysls process, and the prepared aluminum has a purity of 99.8%.
The electrolytlc celi In the aforementioned embodiments Is any of the electrolytic cells in the présent invention.
Detailed description has been made to the spécifie contents of the présent invention In the aforementioned embodiments, and it should be understood by those skilled In this art that modifications and detail variations In any form based upon the présent Invention pertaln to the 5 contents that the présent Invention seeks to protect.
Claims (13)
1. An electrolytic cell foraluminum electrolysis, comprising:
a cell body (1), an anode (2) and a cathode (3) being arranged Inside the cell body (1), the cell body 5 (1 ) being further filled with an electrolyte (4);
the anode (2) being arranged above the cell body (1), and at least a part of the anode (2) being Immersed In the electrolyte (4);
the cathode (3) being arranged atthe bottom ofthe electrolytic cell and covered by a certain amount of aluminum liquid (11);
10 the electrolyte (4) being located between the anode (2) and the cathode (3);
characterized in that the anode (2) contains the components Including Fe, Cu, Ni and Sn, wherein Fe and Cu serve as primary components; and the electrolyte (4) ls composed of 3O-38wt% of NaF, 49-60wt% of AIF3,1-5wt% of LIF, 1-6wt% of KF 15 and 3-6wt% of A12O3, wherein the molar ratio of NaF to AIF3 is 1.0-1.52.
2. The electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized In that the bottom surface of the anode (2) ls kept parallel to the cell body (1), and an insulatlng layer (5) ls arranged on the inner sidewall ofthe cell body (1) and ls used for Isolating oxygen or the electrolyte (4) from a carbon block.
3. The electrolytic cell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a cell cover (6) ls arranged at 20 the upper end of the cell body (1) and is provided with a vent (7) and a feeding hole (8); a cathode bar (10) ls arranged Inside the cathode (3), one end of the anode (2) pénétrâtes through the cell cover (6) and ls connected and provided with a binding post (9) for connection with a power supply.
4. The electrolytic cell according to any of daims 1-3, characterized In that the mass ratio of Fe to Cu to Sn ls (23-40): (36-60): (0.2-
5).
25 5. The electrolytic cell according to any of daims 1-4, characterized In that the components of the anode (2) further indude Ni.
6. The eledrolytic cell according to daim 5, characterized in that the anode (2) is composed of Fe, Cu, Ni and Sn, wherein the content of Fe Is 23-40wt%, the content of Cu is 36-60wt%, the content of Ni is 14-28wt% and the content of Sn Is 0.2-5wt%.
7. The electrolytîc cell according to any of daims 1-6, charaderized In that the components of the anode (2) further indude Ai and Y.
8. The eledrolytic cell according to daim 7, characterized in that the anode (2) is composed of Fe, Cu, NI, Sn, Al and Y, wherein the content of Fe is 23-40wt%, the content of Cu is 36-60wt%, the content of Ni is 14-28wt%, the content of Al is more than zéro and iess than or equal to 4wt%, the content of Y is more than zéro and iess than or equal to 2wt%, and the content of Sn is 0.2-5wt%.
9. The electrolytîc ceil according to any of daims 1-8, charaderized in that the moiar ratio of NaF to AlFais 1.12-1.52.
10. The eiectroiytic celi according to any of daims 1-9, charaderized in that the iiquldus température of the electrolyte (4) is 620-670*C.
11. An electrolysis process using the eledrolytic celi according to any of daims 1-10, comprising the steps of:
(1) adding spedfied amounts of NaF, AIF3, UF, KF and AI2O3 to a melting fumace for mixing and melting to form a melt; or adding spedfied amounts of NaF, AIF3, UF and KF to a melting fumace for mixing and melting, and then adding AI2O3 to obtain a melt; and (2) raising the température of the melt prepared in step (1) to above 720-760’C, and then, pouring the melt into the eledrolytic cell and carrying out electrolysis while the température is malntained at 720-760’C.
12. The electrolysis process according to daim 11, characterized in that the eledroiysls température is 730-750’C.
13. The eledroiysls process according to daim 11 or 12, charaderized in that Ai2O3is quantitatively supplied in the eledroiysls process.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210188436.9 | 2012-06-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| OA17184A true OA17184A (en) | 2016-04-05 |
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