Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
  • B63B21/56—Towing or pushing equipment
  • B63B21/66—Equipment specially adapted for towing underwater objects or vessels, e.g. fairings for tow-cables
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
  • B63B27/36—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for floating cargo
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
  • B63B27/14—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of ramps, gangways or outboard ladders ; Pilot lifts
  • B63B27/143—Ramps
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
  • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
  • B63G8/001—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations
  • B63G2008/002—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations unmanned
  • B63G2008/005—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations unmanned remotely controlled
  • B63G2008/007—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations unmanned remotely controlled by means of a physical link to a base, e.g. wire, cable or umbilical
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
  • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
  • B63G8/001—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
  • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
  • B63G8/42—Towed underwater vessels

Definitions

• the invention is in the naval field and relates more specifically to handling systems and lifting mounted on ships, allowing the launching and recovery of marine gear or submarine from these vessels, the gear considered being both towed gear and autonomous gear, the latter then being provided with a temporary link during the launching and recovery phases.
• solutions generally implementing means that involve the intervention of human operators.
• a known solution consists in providing means of securing on the the hull of the machine, for example fixing rings, these fixing means being arranged in such a way that the machine can be lifted while keeping a horizontal position.
• the launching and the recovery can then, for example, be carried out by means of a winch mounted on a movable gantry placed at the rear of the ship, or a crane, the crane or the crane allowing to position the hoist winch above the recovery area.
• the launch and the lift are carried out vertically which limits the possibilities of collision with the ship during the descent or ascent.
• the lifting of the machine can be achieved by placing it in a nacelle-type device itself having appropriate fixing points.
• This type of solution is applicable, notably independently, to gear towed by the medium but is however not easily applicable to the case of gear towed from the front, insofar as, for obvious reasons of efficiency, it is desired to perform the towing and handling of the machine from a single cable.
• Handling by means such as those described above using a single cable proves tricky because it is accompanied for the machine a passage from the vertical position to the horizontal position when setting the water and vice versa during recovery.
• This handling also requires additional operations whose object is, after lifting the machine and positioning above the deck of the ship, to rest the craft flat on the deck of the ship or more generally on a storage area. These operations themselves usually require the intervention of human operators, intervention which is made more delicate and more dangerous by strong sea.
• the generally preferred solution is to use a handling cable temporarily hung above the center of gravity of the machine.
• a solution also used provides a handling based on the establishment of means having an inclined ramp on which the machine slides to reach the surface of the water or to get out and return to the ship.
• the ramp is generally configured so as to guide the machine in a rectilinear path, which prevents the machine can follow a lateral movement.
• a ramp is not generally not suitable for use by high seas, lateral movements of the machine may then cause damage to it.
• the implementation of such means comprises a critical phase which is between the moment when the vehicle comes into contact with the ramp and that where it is completely placed on it.
• the passage of the machine from the surface of the water to the ramp involves contacting the nose of the machine with the ramp, the entry into contact may occur, in particular agitated sea, with a certain hardness that can cause damage to the machine but also prevent the recovery of it.
• An object of the invention to provide means for launching and recovering a marine or underwater vehicle in the safest possible manner, these means can be implemented fully automatically, without intervention or human supervision.
• An object of the invention is more particularly to propose means adapted to the handling underwater vehicles towed from the bow or underwater gear not having means for vertical lifting, but being temporarily connected to traction means, a cable moved by a winch for example, during launching phases and recovery.
• the subject of the invention is a system for carrying out, including in rough seas, the launching and the automatic recovery of marine or submarine equipment from a moving carrier, of the type comprising a ramp. hinged articulated comprising a bottom and edges, first motor means for lowering and raising the ramp and traction means for controlling the slippage of the machine along the ramp when launching and hoist the boat. machine along the ramp during recovery, the ramp having an emerging end, and an end intended to be immersed, the first drive means being able to lower and raise the ramp so that the position of the end intended to being immersed varies between a submerged position where it is immersed in water and an emergent position for which the ramp is in a horizontal position.
• the axis of rotation of the ramp is located at a distance from the emerged end and the end intended to be submerged.
• the ramp also comprises buoyancy means configured and arranged on the ramp so that the free end of the ramp floats on the surface or near the surface of the water when the ramp is lowered.
• the bottom of the articulated ramp has an outer face forming a fairing having a sectional profile in the shape of a V or W so as to minimize the drag and lift forces imposed on the ramp by the movement of the vessel and the vertical dynamic movements caused by waves when its free end is in contact with water.
• reception and guidance means comprising a reception device configured to receive the end of the machine and stay in contact with the machine during the launching and recovery operations, the reception device being driven with the vehicle by the traction means.
• the reception device comprises vertical protection elements intended to offer a frontal support to the wings of the vehicle when its end is engaged in the reception device, the frontal support thus realized to contribute to the maintenance of the machine in the axis of the ramp.
• the axis of rotation of the ramp is located between the emerging end and the end intended to be immersed.
• edges of the ramp are configured to ensure, together with the fairing of the lower part of the ramp, the buoyancy of the free end of the ramp.
• edges of the ramp are configured to maintain the machine on the ramp and limit roll movements printed on the machine.
• the traction means comprising a traction cable driven by traction means.
• the system comprises means for deflecting the cable.
• the bottom has a slot through which the cable is likely to pass.
• the means for deflecting the cable comprise a pulley having a pulley axis coinciding with the axis of rotation of the ramp.
• the means for deflecting the cable comprise a cylinder portion having an axis coinciding with the axis of rotation of the ramp.
• the receiving and guiding means further comprise motor means configured so as to keep the receiving device in contact with the end of the machine as the latter progresses on the ramp.
• the axis of rotation of the ramp is movable in translation relative to the ship between a first position and a second position in front of the first position relative to the ship.
• the system comprises damping means on which the portion of the ramp located between the submergible end and the axis of rotation can rest when the ramp occupies the second position.
• the device according to the invention thus consists of a recovery system that advantageously makes it possible to limit the relative vertical movements between this system and the underwater vehicle, or marine, while the latter floats on the surface, in particular at the critical moment of the contact between these two entities during the recovery. It allows to put the vehicle into the water automatically from its storage position and then retrieve the machine after use and put it back in its storage position.
• the limitation of the vertical relative movements is obtained by means of a tilting ramp articulated in its upstream part and which has means of buoyancy in its rear mean that allow its free end to float to the surface. Furthermore, the streamlined underside of the ramp advantageously limits the impact of the speed of advance of the ship and the striking effects due to waves on the relative positioning of the rear end of the ramp relative to the surface of the beam. water for different sea conditions and speed with respect to water.
• FIG. 3 a general schematic view of a particular embodiment of the system according to the invention representing the ramp in the raised position
• FIG. 4 schematically represents a side view of another example of the system according to the invention in which the ramp is in position lowered
• FIG. 5 schematically represents a side view of another example of the system according to the invention in which the ramp is in the lowered position
• FIG. 6 schematically represents a view from above of the system of FIG. 4,
• FIGS. 7a to 7d show schematically another example of the system according to the invention in side view in which the ramp is lowered (7a), seen from above in which the ramp is lowered (7b) and in which the ramp is raised and in storage position (7c in side view and 7d in top view).
• front, rear, front and back are defined with respect to the ship and more precisely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the ship extending from the rear to the front of the ship.
• Figure 1 shows a general view of an exemplary system according to the invention.
• the arrangement of the emerging end 1 1 1 relative to the position of the axis of rotation of the ramp x shown in Figure 1 as in Figure 3, which will be described later, is not part of the ramp object of the present invention.
• the device is mounted on a catamaran-type ship 10, between the two hulls of the latter.
• the device according to the invention mainly comprises the following elements:
• a faired hinged ramp 1 1 located preferably at the rear of the vessel and having a first end or emergent end 1 January 1 and a second end or free end 1 12.
• the emerging end 1 1 1 of the ramp is connected to the carrier leaving at least a degree of rotation about a horizontal axis perpendicular to the main axis of the ramp so that the free end 1 12, which is also called the end intended to be immersed 1 12, can be raised or lowered in the manner of a drawbridge.
• the ramp 1 1 is articulated to the ship 10 about an axis of rotation of the ramp x perpendicular to the main axis of the ramp.
• the axis of rotation x is located at the emerging end 1 1 1.
• the axis of rotation of the ramp x is horizontal.
• the horizontal plane is defined by the deck plan of the ship.
• horizontal axis is meant an axis parallel to the deck of the ship.
• the ramp 1 1 has a general shape of slide or gutter with a bottom 1 13 and edges 1 14 and 1 15 whose height is determined in particular according to the size and geometry of the machine manipulated 15.
• Means 12 mounted on the ramp and intended to promote the progression of the machine along the ramp, under the action of the traction exerted by the cable (recovery) or by gravity (launching). These means are for example rollers or rollers arranged laterally on the bottom 1 13 of the ramp and on which the machine 15 rolls.
• - Welding and guiding means whose function is to ensure alignment of the machine on the axis of the ramp so as to allow a sliding or a correct rolling of the machine all along its path on the ramp (uphill or downhill).
• These means comprise, for example, as shown in Figure 1, a device 13 serving as a fairlead, inside which passes the traction cable 14 of the machine. This element is configured to move along the ramp 1 1, for example on rails disposed along the longitudinal axis thereof (not shown in Figures 1 and 3 but shown in Figures 4, 7b and 7d).
• buoyancy means whose main role is to ensure that the free end 1 12 of the ramp can naturally stay on the surface of the water in the absence of waves or for waves of great length. wave compared to the dimensions of the recovery system.
• these means are constituted by lateral floats forming the edges 1 14 and 1 15 of the ramp, and by the bottom of the ramp forming the fairing portion.
• these means may consist simply of floats 30 fixed on the ramp 1 1, on the portion of the ramp which is likely to be immersed, as shown in Figures 4, 5, 7a and 7c. or at the free end 1 12, or by any other combination of appropriate means.
• the vertical protection elements 131 may also be part of the buoyancy means.
• the end 151 of the craft, secured to the traction cable 14, is inserted inside the element 13 and remains in position. close contact with it, which has the advantageous effect of maintaining the axis of the vehicle in the axis of the ramp 1 1 during its progression along the latter.
• the reception and guiding means may also comprise motor means (not present in the example of FIG. 1) configured in such a way that the reception element 13 is kept in contact with the end of the machine 15 as the latter progresses on the ramp 1 1.
• motor means act for example by exerting some resistance to the progression of the fairlead towards the fixed end of the ramp.
• these motor means may for example consist of an auxiliary winch which pulls the receiving device 13 (the fairlead) towards the free end 1 12 of the ramp 1 1 (downwards), by intermediate of a cable returned by a pulley located at the free end of the ramp. Adjusting the tension of the auxiliary winch with respect to the tension generated by the towing winch 16 then makes it possible to maintain active maintenance of the contact between the machine 15 and the fairlead 13 during the ascent of the machine 15 along of the ramp 1 1, without however upsetting the ascent.
• the machine can be secured to the host element when its end is inserted therein. In this case, the action of motor means becomes less necessary.
• Figures 2-a, 2-b and 2-c of Figure 2 illustrate an essential feature of the invention.
• Figure 2-a shows a schematic side view of the ramp 1 1, in a lowered configuration for which the free end January 12 is immersed in water. This configuration corresponds to the implementation of the ramp during launching operations and recovery of the machine 15.
• Figure 2-b presents for the same configuration (ramp down), a view of the ramp according to a horizontal section plane passing through the axis ⁇ 2 presented on the side view 2-a.
• illustration 2-c it shows a view of the ramp in a vertical sectional plane passing through the axis ⁇ presented on the side view 2-a and perpendicular to the axis of the ramp 1 1.
• the bottom 1 13 of the articulated ramp 1 1 comprises an outer face 21, intended to come into contact with the surface of the water, which forms a fairing whose sectional profile is defined, as illustrated by FIGS. views 2-b and 2-c, so as to minimize, when the free end of the ramp is in contact with the water (lowered ramp) in accordance with the schematic view 2-a, the drag and lift forces caused by the speed of advance of the ship on the one hand and to minimize the knocking effect caused by the waves on the other hand.
• the profile of the outer face 21 of the bottom 1 13 of the ramp 1 1 is defined to act in the manner of a breakwater to break the wave front likely to collide with the ramp 1 1 , in particular because of the movement of the ship 10, before they reach the free end 1 12 of the ramp, and do not cause, at the rhythm of the passage of the waves under the ramp 1 1, a sudden variation of the position vertical of the free end 1 12 of the ramp 1 1 relative to the surface of the surrounding water. This sudden variation would result in particular, in the absence of any compensation, by an uncontrolled variation of the vertical position of the end 1 12 of the ramp 1 1 relative to that of the end 151 of the machine 15, which may cause damage to the boat if it occurs as it approaches the ramp.
• the outer face 21 of the bottom 1 13 of the ramp 1 1 forms a fairing with a sectional section in the form of "V".
• this face 21 forms a fairing with a sectional profile in the shape of "W”.
• a ramp 1 1 equipped with buoyancy means which act mainly on the free end 1 12 of the ramp so as to maintain it at a given position relative to the surface of the water , surface or slightly immersed, for example, and whose lower face 21 has the sectional profile defined above, can minimize two important effects:
• the device according to the invention makes it possible to safely recover an underwater vehicle, or marine, while the ship in charge of the recovery is advancing with a non-zero speed. by formed sea.
• the device is designed to be implemented from a moving ship, advantageously allows this vessel to be more maneuvering and limits the amplitude of its movements under the action of the movements of the sea. following, the use of a favorable course facing or back to the swell can greatly limit the roll movements.
• the speed of advance of the carrier vessel 10 further allows, as has been said above, to more easily stabilize the positioning of the machine 15 in the axis of the ramp 1 January.
• the device according to the invention also has the advantage of being able to be installed on a wide variety of vessels with different tonnages and shapes. It may also, depending on the application considered, include in addition to the essential characteristics described above, complementary elements allowing for example to facilitate its implementation in the operational context.
• the device according to the invention is for example placed between the two hulls of a catamaran-type ship, preferably towards the rear of the ship.
• the machine 15 considered here is a towed underwater vehicle with wings 151 providing a depressant function.
• the size and constitution of these fins also makes them relatively fragile.
• the vehicle 15 is here towed by means of a towing cable 14, an electrotractor cable, for example; being able to be rolled up and unrolled by means of traction means 16, 161 comprising a winch of towing 16 shown in Figures 4 to 7.
• the system comprises means 20 for deflecting the cable.
• the system also comprises means 20 for deflecting the cable from the traction means 16, 161 by limiting its transverse movement.
• the traction means 16, 161 apply, on the cable, a tensile force in a predetermined direction of traction
• the device 13 (fairlead) locally and simultaneously provides the functions of the means 161 and 20.
• the device presented comprises the essential constituents described above and in particular a narrow ramp 1 1 whose width corresponds substantially to the section of the body of the machine, associated with buoyancy means whose action is essentially applied to the free end of the ramp and to reception and guiding means constituted by the device 13. even, the outer face 21 of the bottom 1 13 forms a fairing.
• the ramp has a streamlined shape, shaped "V” or shaped "W”. This streamlined form is advantageously narrow.
• the careen form of the outer face 21 is by nature an aerodynamic shape.
• the ramp 1 1 is mounted on the ship by means of fastening means 17 enabling it to pivot relative to the ship about a horizontal axis of rotation x perpendicular to the main axis of the ship. ramp and also perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the ship.
• the fastening means 17 are mounted on the end 1 1 1 of the ramp facing the bow of the ship 10, which allows the end 1 12 of the ramp facing rear to be free vis à vis pitching movements of the carrier ship.
• the device (the fairlead) 13 comprises, in this example, vertical protection elements 131 on which the wings 151 of the machine rest when its end is engaged in the guide element 13, the support thus made to contribute to the maintenance of the machine 15 in the axis of the ramp 1 1.
• the device according to the invention also comprises lifting means making it possible to raise the free end 1 12 of the ramp 1 1 in the event of non-use of the device, outside the periods of launching and recovery of the craft in particular, and to bring the ramp 1 1 and where appropriate the machine 15 in a horizontal storage position, illustrated in Figure 3, above the surface of the water.
• These additional lifting means may consist, as illustrated in FIG. 1, in a winch 18 which synchronously winds and unrolls two cables 181 and 182.
• the cables 181 and 182 are returned by pulleys placed on a gantry 19 and come to be fixed on each side of the ramp 1 1, preferably close to the free end 1 12.
• the upper position of the ramp is for example determined by a system of stops positioned on the gantry. The low position is not identified by a locking stop because the ramp is desired floating.
• edges 1 14 and 1 15 of the ramp 1 in addition to being configured to ensure the buoyancy of the free end 1 12 of the ramp 1 1, are also configured to form semi-rigid longitudinal support elements.
• the thickness of the edges is then adapted to the dimensions of the machine 15 considered, so that when this machine is installed on the ramp 1 1, its body rests on the means 12 while its wings 151 rest on the edges 1 14 and 1 15 on which they slide.
• the stability of the vertical position of the rear end 1 12 of the ramp with respect to the surface of the water is normally ensured, by optimizing the hydrostatic (mass, volume) and hydrodynamic properties of the ramp, by the presence of the buoyancy means and the sectional profile of the hull formed by the bottom 1 13 of the ramp 1 1, it is nevertheless possible, for some particular applications, to complete the action of these means by enslaving the position in the vertical plane of the free end 1 12 of the ramp using complementary means, for example cylinders, or using lifting means capable of performing this control, these means can be those used to raise the ramp and keep it in the raised position.
• the device according to the invention advantageously makes it possible to carry out the operations of launching and recovering marine gear, or submarines, particularly towed gear, without intervention. human for mooring or handling is necessary.
• the ramp 1 1 thus lowered advantageously ensures, thanks to the means ensuring the buoyancy of its free end 1 12 and to its fairing, the holding in position of the reception and guiding means, and in particular of the inlet of the device 13 ( fairlead), at the sea surface regardless of the height of the waves.
• the fairlead 13 thus follows the surface of the water as well as the towed craft 15 which floats on the surface.
• the machine 15 can be towed to a position where it comes into contact with the fairlead 13 while these two elements are positioned substantially at the same height. In this way, the end of the machine 15 can fit into the fairlead 13 with a minimal risk of violent frontal and vertical shock.
• the movement of the vessel 10 has the effect of driving the machine to position, by inertia, along the longitudinal axis of the ramp 1 1.
• the device 13 is equipped with vertical protection elements 131, bringing the wings 151 of the machine 15 into contact with these vertical elements 151 favors the refocusing of the device.
• the actual rise of the vehicle 15 on the ramp 1 1 can thus be performed by continuing to actuate the towing winch 16, the movement of the apparatus 15 driving that of the fairlead 13 through which the towing cable 14 passes and in which its end 15 is inserted while the wings 151 of the machine 15 take a frontal support.
• the assembly thus rises along the ramp, by sliding or rolling on it, towards the fixed end 1 1 1, the receiving element 131 being kept in contact with the end of the machine by the motor means described above
• the device according to the invention may comprise a complementary means, a rigid arm for example, allowing immobilize the machine relative to the docking device 13 and therefore with respect to the ramp.
• the craft can from this stable position be detached from the towing cable 14 and placed on an area dedicated storage.
• the action of the lifting means during the transit phases is limited to ensuring the maintenance of the ramp in the raised position.
• the maneuver of launching the craft is a reverse maneuver from that of recovery.
• the machine 15 being positioned on the ramp 1 1, it is lowered, the lifting means ensuring a controlled descent of the free end 1 12 of the ramp 1 1 to the surface of the water.
• the free portion of the ramp 1 1, still equipped with the towed vehicle 15, floats by sinking slightly below the surface of the water at its rear end 12.
• the towing winch 16 is actuated so as to release the craft 15 which slides along the ramp 1 1 under the action of its own weight, or in the alternative form of embodiment described above, under the action of the motor means which act on the receiving device 13, until completely leaving the ramp 1 1, the end of the machine 15 and the fairlead 13 then being separated.
• the lifting means are preferably maintained in tension so as to prevent the lifting cables 181 and 182 being relaxed from having a "slack", that is to say a loosening , detrimental to the proper execution of the operation.
• Figures 4 to 7 show other embodiments of the system according to the invention.
• the ramp is installed on a ship 10 which is, this time, monocoque.
• the elements and means described above can be integrated in the examples of FIGS. 4 to 7 with the exception of the arrangement of the end 1 1 1 with respect to the ship and more particularly with respect to the axis of rotation of the ramp. x. Some elements such as the means 12, 101 1 have however not been shown in these Figures 4 to 7 for clarity.
• the axis of rotation of the ramp x with respect to the ship 10 is situated at a distance from the emerged end 11 1.
• the axis x is more particularly located between the end intended to be immersed 1 12 and the emerged end 1 1 1 of the ramp 1 1.
• the axis of rotation x is located between the two ends 1 1 1, 1 12, at a distance from these two ends 1 1 1, 1 12. This characteristic is also reproduced in Figures 5, 6 and 7a to 7d. It makes it possible to bring the center of gravity of the ramp closer to its axis of rotation x, which makes it easier to lift and lower the boom.
• the ramp 1 1 is provided with floats 30 fixed on the edges 1 14 and 1 15.
• the system comprises means for deflecting the cable. These means are arranged to return the traction cable 14, and more particularly the portion of the cable 14 located between the means for deflecting the cable and the machine
• the means for deflecting the cable comprises a pulley 200 to deflect the traction cable 14 when it bears on the pulley.
• the circular shape of the pulley makes it possible to ensure a circular inflection of the cable.
• the radius of the pulley is chosen so as to ensure a circular inflection of the cable radius sufficient to not damage the cable and in particular its internal conductors son.
• the pulley is arranged so that its axis, called the axis of the pulley, coincides with the axis of rotation x of the ramp.
• the means for deflecting the cable comprises a cylinder portion 20 on which the cable 14 is able to slide.
• the cylinder portion 20 is advantageously a cylinder portion having an opening angle of less than 360 °.
• the cylinder portion 20 is arranged so that its axis coincides with the axis of rotation x of the ramp.
• the cylinder portion is fixed, either relative to the ship or relative to the ramp.
• the cylinder 20 is integral with the ramp and rotatable relative to the vessel about the axis of rotation x.
• FIG. 5 diagrammatically shows in side view an example of a system in which the ramp 11 is, as in FIG. 4, connected to the ship so that the axis of rotation x is fixed relative to the ship by means of fastening means 171.
• the means for deflecting the cable comprises a pulley 200.
• the pulley 200 is positioned on the ramp 1 1 so that the pulley axis p is located at a distance from the axis of rotation x of the ramp. More specifically, in this example the pulley 200 is mounted at the emerging end 1 1 1 of the ramp.
• lifting means for raising and lowering the end 1 12 of the ramp are not shown.
• These motor means are conventional means for the skilled person. It can be lifting means as described above. It is also possible to use lifting means comprising, as can be seen in FIGS. 7a and 7b, a hoisting winch 18 capable of synchronously winding and unwinding two cables 181 and 182.
• the lifting cables 181, 182 are fixed at the level of the emerged end 1 1 1 of the ramp.
• the hoisting ropes 181, 182 are fixed on each side of the notch 1 16 on the edges 1 14, 1 15. This arrangement is better adapted to monohull vessels.
• the winch 18 is installed in front of the ramp 1 1.
• FIG. 6 a top view of the ramp 1 1 of FIG. 4 is shown.
• the ramp 1 1 has the general shape of a slide or gutter with a bottom 1 13 and edges 1 14 and 1 15 whose height is determined in particular according to the size and geometry of the engine 15.
• the bottom 1 13 has a slot 1 16 in which is inserted the pulley 200.
• the pulley 200 is hinged to the ramp 1 1 around the axis of rotation x.
• the slot 1 16 is arranged so that the portion of the cable 14 between the traction means 16, 161 and the pulley 200 can pass through the slot.
• the slot 1 16 thus allows the traction cable 14 to reach the pulley 200 without deflection between the traction means of the wire 16, 161 and the pulley 200 that the ramp is inclined relative to the horizontal (position lowered) or that it is in the raised position (that is to say, it extends parallel to the horizontal plane.)
• This slot 1 16 is advantageously present in the embodiment of FIGS. 7a to 7d.
• the bottom 1 13 has, as represented in FIGS. 2a to 2c, a ducted continuous external face 21 as described above, on the portion of the ramp 11 that is capable of being submerged. This is the part behind the pulley 200.
• FIGS. 7a to 7d schematically show another example of a system according to the invention. It differs from that of Figure 4 in that the axis of rotation x of the ramp 1 1 relative to the vessel 10 is movable in translation relative to the vessel in a horizontal direction d. In this way, the axis of rotation x is movable in translation relative to the ship between a first position shown in Figures 7a and 7b and a second position in front of the first position on the deck of the ship.
• the system according to the invention comprises displacement means 201 for moving the ramp relative to the ship in a horizontal translation direction d between its first and second position.
• This direction d is advantageously located in a plane parallel to the main axis of the ramp.
• the displacement means 201 are arranged so that when the axis of rotation of the ramp occupies its second position, the end 1 12 does not protrude at the rear of the ship. This protects the ramp during transport thereof by means of the ship 10.
• the displacement means 201 here comprise a carriage 202 and rails 203.
• the ramp is articulated to a carriage around the axis of rotation of the ramp.
• the carriage 202 is movable in translation relative to the ship in the direction of translation d between a first position and a second position in front of the first position on the deck of the ship. More particularly, the carriage is movable along the guide rails 203 extending in the direction of translation d.
• the ramp 1 1 is in the lowered position and the end 1 12 is immersed.
• the machine 15 is in the water, is pulled by the traction cable 14 and is in contact with the receiving device 13 which is disposed at the end 1 12 of the ramp.
• the carriage 202 occupies its first position in which the axis of rotation of the ramp x occupies its first position at the rear of the deck of the ship.
• the ramp is in the raised position, the machine 15 has been hoisted on the ramp. Furthermore, the carriage 202 occupies its second position in which the axis of rotation of the ramp x occupies its second position in front of its first position on the deck of the ship 10. It is said that the ramp occupies its storage position.
• the device according to the invention comprises damping means 204 arranged so that the part of the ramp located between its axis of rotation and the end 1 12 rests on these damping means when the carriage occupies its position. second position. This avoids the deterioration of the ramp and to ensure better stability of the ramp, when in the raised position.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
• Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
• Financial Or Insurance-Related Operations Such As Payment And Settlement (AREA)
• Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
• Platform Screen Doors And Railroad Systems (AREA)
• Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
• Jib Cranes (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (6)

Families Citing this family (4)

Citations (4)

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• 2012
  • 2012-06-01 FR FR1201573A patent/FR2991284B1/fr active Active
• 2013
  • 2013-05-31 CA CA2875597A patent/CA2875597C/fr active Active
  • 2013-05-31 AU AU2013269527A patent/AU2013269527B2/en active Active
  • 2013-05-31 SG SG11201407997QA patent/SG11201407997QA/en unknown
  • 2013-05-31 EP EP13728697.7A patent/EP2855252B1/de active Active
  • 2013-05-31 IN IN11251DEN2014 patent/IN2014DN11251A/en unknown
  • 2013-05-31 WO PCT/EP2013/061272 patent/WO2013178792A1/fr active Application Filing

Patent Citations (4)

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