WO2013172401A1 - 新規化合物、重合性液晶性化合物、モノマー/液晶混合材料および高分子/液晶複合材料 - Google Patents
新規化合物、重合性液晶性化合物、モノマー/液晶混合材料および高分子/液晶複合材料 Download PDFInfo
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- C09K2019/0448—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group the end chain group being a polymerizable end group, e.g. -Sp-P or acrylate
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- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
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- C09K19/2007—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters or ethers the chain containing -COO- or -OCO- groups
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13793—Blue phases
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel compound and a liquid crystal display material using the same, and more particularly to a liquid crystal display material having a polymer-stabilized blue phase.
- a liquid crystal display element typified by a flat panel liquid crystal display has features that it is lightweight and consumes little power, and has been rapidly spreading in recent years. In addition, an increase in screen size and image quality of liquid crystal display elements has been attempted.
- the conventional liquid crystal display element has a slow response to an electric field, has insufficient definition of moving image display, and has a problem in high-speed moving image tracking. Further, it is necessary to perform a rubbing treatment in order to give orientation to the alignment film. For this reason, there exists a problem that productivity resulting from a rubbing process is low.
- a liquid crystal display device in a blue phase mode is expected as a next-generation liquid crystal display device.
- the liquid crystal display device in the blue phase mode is a liquid crystal display device using a liquid crystal phase called a blue phase.
- the blue phase (Blue Phase, hereinafter also referred to as “BP”) appears in a narrow temperature range of several degrees (generally 1 to 3 ° C.) between the cholesteric phase and the isotropic phase.
- BP Battery Phase
- One of the liquid crystal phases One of the liquid crystal phases. In the blue phase, compared to conventional liquid crystal, it is superior in high-speed response and does not require rubbing treatment, so it is highly productive.
- the formation temperature range (temperature range) of a blue phase is greatly expanded by forming a polymer network derived from a monomer having a specific structure in a low-molecular liquid crystal exhibiting a blue phase (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- a mixture of a polymerizable liquid crystal compound, a non-liquid crystalline monomer, a chiral agent and a photopolymerization initiator is photopolymerized at a blue phase expression temperature.
- Patent Document 1 increases the blue phase expression temperature after photopolymerization, and does not expand the temperature range before photopolymerization. For this reason, when industrially producing a large-screen liquid crystal display using the method of Patent Document 1, the temperature before photopolymerization is controlled to an extremely narrow temperature range of about 1 ° C., and a large area is uniformly processed. There is a need. Such temperature control is an obstacle to industrialization.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its purpose is to expand the blue phase expression temperature range before photopolymerization without using a special low-molecular liquid crystal, and to provide a monomer /
- the object is to provide a liquid crystal mixed material.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a polymer / liquid crystal composite material from which a liquid crystal display element having excellent contrast can be obtained.
- the present inventors have found that a compound having a novel refractive molecular structure can broaden the expression temperature range before photopolymerization of a blue phase by adding to a liquid crystal composition.
- the present invention has been completed by finding out what can be done. It was also found that the resulting polymer-stabilized blue phase has a high light transmittance and contrast ratio. That is, the present invention is as follows.
- the compound of the present invention is a compound represented by the following general formula (1).
- a 1 and A 2 each independently represent a polymerizable group, S 1 and S 2 represent a methylene group; m and n each independently represent an integer of 1 to 20, B represents a single bond or an oxygen atom, D is a 1,4-phenylene group having a carboxyl group at the 1-position or 4-position (provided that one or more hydrogen atoms are F, Cl, Br, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, 1 to 3 carbon atoms) A straight-chain fluoroalkyl group, a straight-chain fluoroalkoxyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, which may be substituted with a cyano group)
- Q is 1,2-phenylene or 1,3-phenylene (where one or more hydrogen atoms are F, Cl, Br, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or linear fluoro having 1 to 3 carbon atoms)
- the monomer / liquid crystal mixed material of the present invention contains the compound represented by the general formula (1).
- the monomer / liquid crystal mixed material of the present invention preferably contains a compound represented by the general formula (1) and a polymerizable liquid crystal compound other than the compound represented by the general formula (1).
- the monomer / liquid crystal mixed material may further contain a low-molecular liquid crystalline compound, a non-liquid crystalline monomer, a chiral agent, and a photopolymerization initiator.
- the polymer / liquid crystal composite material of the present invention is a photopolymerized product of the above monomer / liquid crystal mixed material.
- the present invention provides a pair of substrates at least one of which is transparent, an electrode formed on at least one of the pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, and an outer side of one of the pair of substrates.
- a liquid crystal display device comprising: a formed polarizing plate; and an electric field applying unit that applies an electric field to the liquid crystal layer through the electrode, wherein the liquid crystal layer includes the polymer / liquid crystal composite material.
- the novel compound of the present invention is a compound having a novel refractive molecular structure.
- the temperature range of the blue phase before polymerization of the liquid crystal material can be expanded.
- a polymer / liquid crystal composite material obtained by polymerizing the novel compound of the present invention with a known polymerizable liquid crystal compound has a wide blue phase expression temperature range, exhibits high-speed response, and has excellent contrast. .
- a high quality liquid crystal display element can be obtained. Also, no rubbing process is required.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an optical system used for measurement of transmitted light intensity with respect to an applied electric field performed in Examples and Comparative Examples.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between transmitted light intensity and applied electric field when the polymer / liquid crystal composite materials of Examples 6 and 9 of the present invention and Comparative Example 1 are used.
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) uses 1,2-phenylene or 1,3-phenylene at the Q site, and other molecules at the 1,2-position or 1,3-position of the phenylene group. Takes a combined structure. For this reason, it has a refracted molecular structure (refractive molecular structure). It is considered that the refracted molecular structure has a function of extending the temperature range of the blue phase in the polymer network. Moreover, the compound represented by General formula (1) should just have a polymeric group at both ends and superpose
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) may be a liquid crystal compound or a non-liquid crystal compound.
- the compound of the present invention is specifically a compound represented by the following general formula (1).
- a 1 and A 2 each independently represent a polymerizable group, S 1 and S 2 represent a methylene group; m and n each independently represent an integer of 1 to 20, B represents a single bond or an oxygen atom, D is a 1,4-phenylene group having a carboxyl group at the 1-position or 4-position (provided that one or more hydrogen atoms are F, Cl, Br, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, 1 to 3 carbon atoms) Which may be substituted with any one selected from the group consisting of a linear fluoroalkyl group, a linear fluoroalkoxyl group of 1 to 3 and a cyano group)
- Q is 1,2-phenylene or 1,3-phenylene (where one or more hydrogen atoms are F, Cl, Br, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or linear fluoro having 1 to 3 carbon atoms)
- the alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms specifically includes methyl group, ethyl group, 1-propyl group, 2-propyl group, 1-butyl group, 2-methylpropyl group, 2-butyl group.
- the straight-chain fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms means a group in which one or more hydrogens of a methyl group, an ethyl group, and a 1-propyl group are substituted with fluorine.
- a straight-chain fluoroalkoxyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms means a group in which one or more hydrogen atoms of a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, or a propyloxy group are substituted with fluorine.
- X represents a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, fluorine, a trifluoromethyl group, or an alkyl group.
- l is a number of 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 7.
- the alkyl group is, for example, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, specifically a methyl group, an ethyl group, 1- A propyl group etc. are mentioned.
- m and n are each independently preferably 1 to 12, more preferably 1 to 6, and most preferably 1 to 4.
- At least one hydrogen atom of Q is F, Cl, Br, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a linear fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or a linear fluoroalkoxyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. It is preferably substituted with any one selected from the group consisting of a group and a cyano group.
- Q is particularly 1,3-phenylene
- at least one hydrogen atom is Cl, Br, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a linear fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, 1 to It is preferably substituted with any one selected from the group consisting of 3 linear fluoroalkoxyl groups and cyano groups.
- Q is more preferably substituted with Cl, Br or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (1a).
- X represents a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, a fluorine atom, a trifluoromethyl group or an alkyl group.
- L is a number of 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 7, and p and q are Each independently represents an integer of 1 to 4, Q 1 is 1,2-phenylene or 1,3-phenylene having at least one substituent Y on the aromatic ring, and Y represents Cl, Br, carbon number (Any one selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group having 1 to 8, a linear fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a linear fluoroalkoxyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and a cyano group)
- the alkyl group, the alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, the linear fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and the linear fluoroalkoxyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms described with respect to the formula (1a) It means the same thing as already explained.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (1) include, for example, the following 1,3-bis- [4- (3-acryloyloxypropyloxy) benzoyloxy] -5-methylbenzene (2), 1, Examples include 2-bis- [4- (3-acryloyloxypropoxyoxy) benzoyloxy] -4-methylbenzene (3).
- the following compounds are novel compounds.
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) can be produced, for example, by the following method. First, intermediate 1 is synthesized, intermediate 2 is synthesized therefrom, and then intermediate 2 is reacted to obtain a compound represented by general formula (1).
- intermediate 1 is synthesized by reacting a 4-hydroxybenzoate such as methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate with a halohydrin such as chloropropanol.
- a 4-hydroxybenzoate such as methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate
- a halohydrin such as chloropropanol.
- R is bonded to the carboxyl group of D to form an ester.
- Hr means halogen such as chlorine, bromine and iodine.
- the monomer / liquid crystal mixed material of the present invention includes a compound represented by the general formula (1) as a monomer and a liquid crystal composition having no polymerizable group and exhibiting a nematic phase, a chiral nematic phase, or a blue phase. It is.
- the monomer / liquid crystal mixed material of the present invention preferably further contains a polymerizable liquid crystal compound other than the compound represented by the general formula (1) as a monomer.
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) is effective in expanding the blue phase expression temperature range in the monomer / liquid crystal mixed material state before polymerization.
- the polymerizable liquid crystal compound other than the compound represented by the general formula (1) is not particularly limited, and a known polymerizable liquid crystal compound can be used.
- the “polymerizable liquid crystal compound” refers to a liquid crystal compound having a polymerizable functional group.
- the polymerizable liquid crystalline compound is preferably a photopolymerization type.
- examples of the polymerizable liquid crystalline compound include compounds represented by the following formula.
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) is preferably added in an amount of 2 to 8% by mass, more preferably 4 to 6% by mass with respect to the polymerizable liquid crystal compound other than the compound represented by the general formula (1). do it. If the amount of the compound represented by the general formula (1) is less than 2% by mass, the temperature range of the blue phase may not be expanded. Moreover, when there is more addition amount of the compound represented by General formula (1) than 8 mass%, there exists a possibility that a polymer stabilization effect may fall.
- the monomer / liquid crystal mixed material of the present invention further contains a low molecular liquid crystal compound, a non-liquid crystal monomer, a chiral agent, a photopolymerization initiator, and the like.
- the liquid crystal composition constituting the monomer / liquid crystal mixed material and polymer / liquid crystal composite material of the present invention is a composition in which a chiral agent is combined with a low molecular liquid crystal compound, and a polymerizable functional group is added to the structure. Not included.
- a composition in which a low-molecular liquid crystal compound and a chiral agent are combined is treated as a chiral nematic liquid crystal in a broad sense, and the liquid crystal phase exhibited by the liquid crystal composition is a chiral nematic phase.
- the liquid crystal composition exhibits a chiral nematic phase or a blue phase (BP) at least at room temperature, and the most preferred composition is a liquid crystal composition exhibiting BP.
- room temperature means 10 to 45 ° C.
- the helical pitch is preferably 500 nm or less.
- the expression of BP can be confirmed by observation of a characteristic platelet-like structure with a polarizing microscope and a peak appearing at a wavelength corresponding to the platelet-like structure by measurement of a reflection spectrum.
- Examples of the low molecular liquid crystalline compound constituting the liquid crystal composition include a nematic liquid crystalline compound, a smectic liquid crystalline compound, and a discotic liquid crystalline compound, and a nematic liquid crystalline compound is preferable.
- One kind of low molecular liquid crystalline compound may be used, but it is preferable to use two or more kinds of low molecular liquid crystalline compounds in order to optimize various characteristics.
- two or more kinds of low-molecular liquid crystalline compounds it is preferable to exhibit a nematic liquid crystal phase after mixing. What is necessary is just to select suitably the mixing ratio of 2 or more types of low molecular liquid crystalline compounds according to the kind etc. of the low molecular liquid crystalline compound to be used.
- the low molecular liquid crystal compound examples include a biphenyl liquid crystal compound, a terphenyl liquid crystal compound, and a tolan liquid crystal compound.
- the chiral agent may be a liquid crystal compound or a non-liquid crystal compound.
- the chiral structure possessed by the chiral agent may be any of an asymmetric carbon atom, axial asymmetry, and plane asymmetry, but a compound having axial asymmetry is preferred from the viewpoint of helical induction.
- isosorbitol derivatives, binaphthol derivatives, and atropisomers are preferred.
- the addition amount of the chiral agent can be appropriately determined depending on the combination of the low molecular liquid crystal compound and the chiral agent so as to obtain a desired helical pitch, but it should be 20% by mass or less, preferably 1 to 10% by mass in the liquid crystal material. Is preferred. When the amount of the chiral agent is more than 20% by mass, it is not preferable because, when a polymer / liquid crystal composite material is used, the properties of the material may be adversely affected by precipitation or phase separation. Moreover, the minimum of the addition amount of a chiral agent should just be the quantity from which a desired helical pitch is obtained.
- the monomer / liquid crystal mixed material of the present invention includes, for example, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, for the purpose of further improving durability and contrast when the polymer / liquid crystal composite material of the present invention described later is used.
- Non-liquid crystalline monomer having no asymmetric structure composed of alkyl acrylate such as butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, etc.
- non-liquid crystalline monofunctional monomer such as corresponding alkyl methacrylate Can also be added as appropriate.
- the addition amount of the non-liquid crystalline monomer is not particularly limited as long as the above functions can be exhibited.
- the addition amount is preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 2 to 5% by mass in the composite material.
- the polymer / liquid crystal composite material of the present invention can be obtained by polymerizing the monomer / liquid crystal mixed material.
- a compound represented by the general formula (1) and a polymerizable liquid crystal compound other than the compound represented by the general formula (1) are dispersed in a liquid crystal composition having no polymerizable group, It can be produced by polymerization with heat or light in an optically isotropic state to be described later.
- a copolymer as a polymer network is formed in the liquid crystal composition, and this polymer network is used to polymerize the liquid crystalline compound in the liquid crystal composition. It is possible to improve the thermodynamic stability of the ordered structure at the time, that is, the blue phase, and to expand the usable temperature range of the ordered structure.
- the polymer / liquid crystal composite material is obtained.
- the durability is improved, but at the same time, the driving voltage is increased. Therefore, it is preferably as small as possible within the range not impairing the durability, and the ratio is 1 to 40% by mass with respect to the total amount of the obtained polymer / liquid crystal composite material.
- the obtained polymer / liquid crystal composite material is used as a display element or the like, it is practically obtained by the compound represented by the general formula (1) and the general formula (1).
- the total amount of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound other than the above compound is 5 to 15% by mass of the polymer / liquid crystal composite material.
- the blending ratio of the liquid crystal composition can be set to a ratio of preferably 99 to 60% by mass, more preferably 95 to 85% by mass, based on the total amount of the polymer / liquid crystal composite material to be obtained.
- the content of the liquid crystal composition refers to the blending ratio of the low molecular liquid crystal when only the low molecular liquid crystal is used, and the low molecular liquid crystal and the chiral when the low molecular liquid crystal and the chiral agent are used in combination. It means the total amount of agent.
- photopolymerization initiator examples include acetophenones, benzophenones, benzoins, benzyls, Michler ketones, benzoin alkyl ethers, benzyl dimethyl ketals, and thioxanthones.
- a thermal-polymerization initiator a peroxide and an azo compound are mentioned, for example.
- the addition amount of the polymerization initiator can be appropriately determined according to the reactivity of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound other than the compound represented by the general formula (1) and the compound represented by the general formula (1), but is too excessive. Since an undesirable side reaction may occur if added, a polymerizable liquid crystal compound other than the compound represented by the general formula (1) and the compound represented by the general formula (1), and a polymerization initiator It is preferable to set it as 5 mass% or less with respect to a total amount.
- the polymerization temperature is a temperature at which a mixture of the compound represented by the general formula (1) and the polymerizable liquid crystal compound other than the compound represented by the general formula (1) exhibits optical isotropy at the start of polymerization. It is preferable that the temperature be BP. Such temperature can be appropriately selected according to the kind and combination of the mixture.
- the polymer / liquid crystal composite material of the present invention is obtained by polymerization in an optically isotropic state, that is, in a BP or isotropic phase state, and is also referred to as a polymer-stabilized blue phase.
- the optically isotropic state means that the ordered arrangement structure in the polymer / liquid crystal composite material is less than the optical order and has no macroscopic anisotropy.
- BP or an isotropic phase can be cited as such an optically isotropic state.
- BP can be confirmed by observing the characteristic platelet-like structure with a polarizing microscope as described above, and the peak appearing at the wavelength corresponding to the platelet-like structure by measuring the reflection spectrum. In the case of showing a phase, it can be confirmed by the fact that no anisotropy is observed by observation with a polarizing microscope.
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) and the general formula (1) in the mixture by light or heat are used.
- the composite material of the present invention can be produced by polymerizing a polymerizable liquid crystal compound other than the compound.
- the temperature range during polymerization in the composite material of the present invention is expanded.
- the temperature range in which the BP of the composite material is usually exhibited is about 3.5 ° C.
- this temperature range is expanded by 1 to 2 ° C.
- the polymer / liquid crystal composite material of the present invention can be used as an electrooptic element such as a light modulation element based on an electrooptic effect or an optical switching.
- an electrooptic element such as a light modulation element based on an electrooptic effect or an optical switching.
- the form of optimal use as these light modulation elements is appropriately configured according to each application, and is not particularly limited.
- the composite material of the present invention is sandwiched between a substrate with an electrode or a substrate having a comb electrode and a substrate having no electrode.
- the liquid crystal display element of the present invention is also preferred.
- the liquid crystal display element of the present invention includes a pair of substrates, at least one of which is transparent, an electrode formed on at least one of the pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, and the pair of substrates.
- a polarizing plate formed on one outer side and an electric field applying means for applying an electric field to the liquid crystal layer through the electrode are provided, and the liquid crystal layer includes the composite material of the present invention.
- an alignment film made of polyimide or the like may be used for the purpose of aligning liquid crystal molecules on the substrate in the horizontal or vertical direction.
- the transmittance is higher and the contrast ratio is higher than when only a normal polymerizable liquid crystal compound is used.
- the response speed equivalent to the case where only the polymerizable liquid crystal compound of the present invention is used without using the compound represented by the general formula (1) is shown. Therefore, the polymer / liquid crystal composite material of the present invention can be usefully used for an optical element such as a liquid crystal display element.
- reaction solution was washed twice with 130 g of 10% aqueous hydrochloric acid.
- organic phase was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the obtained residue was recrystallized with an acetone / methanol mixed solvent to obtain 82 g of the desired product KM3AA006.
- Example 2 Synthesis of 1,2-bis- [4- (3-acryloyloxypropoxyoxy) benzoyloxy] -4-methylbenzene (KM3AA007) Instead of 5-methylresorcinol in Example 1, The same operation was performed except that methyl catechol was used to obtain 84.8 g of the target product KM3AA007.
- Example 3 As the liquid crystal composition, fluorine-based mixed liquid crystal JC-1041XX (manufactured by JNC Corporation) 46.25 mass%, 4-cyano-4′-pentylbiphenyl (5CB) 46.25 mass%, chiral compound 2,5-bis- [ 4 ′-(hexyloxy) -phenyl-4-carbonyl] -1,4; 3,6-dianhydride-D-sorbitol (ISO- (6OBA) 2 ) 7.5% by mass of the whole system isotropic phase
- a liquid crystal composition was prepared by uniformly mixing at the indicated temperature.
- liquid crystal composition 92% by mass of liquid crystal composition, 3.84% by mass of lauryl acrylate, 3.84% by mass of KM3AA006 obtained in Example 1, 0.32% by mass of 2,2′-dimethoxyphenylacetophenone (DMPAP) which is a photopolymerization initiator Were mixed uniformly to obtain a photopolymerizable monomer / liquid crystal mixed material.
- DMPAP 2,2′-dimethoxyphenylacetophenone
- Example 4 The same operation was performed except that 3.84% by mass of KM3AA006 in Example 3 was changed to a mixture of 1.92% by mass of RM-257 and 1.92% by mass of KM3AA006.
- Example 5 The same operation was performed except that 3.84% by mass of KM3AA006 in Example 3 was changed to a mixture of 2.69% by mass of RM-257 and 1.15% by mass of KM3AA006.
- Example 6 The same operation was performed except that 3.84% by mass of KM3AA006 in Example 3 was changed to a mixture of 3.46% by mass of RM-257 and 0.38% by mass of KM3AA006.
- Example 7 The same operation was performed except that 3.84% by mass of lauryl acrylate in Example 3 was changed to 2.30% by mass, and 3.84% by mass of KM3AA006 was changed to 5.38% by mass.
- Example 1 (Comparative Example 1) The same operation as in Example 3 was performed, except that 3.84% by mass of KM3AA006 in Example 3 was changed to RM-257 3.84% by mass.
- Example 8 The same operation as in Example 3 was performed except that 3.84% by mass of KM3AA006 in Example 3 was changed to 3.84% by mass of KM3AA007.
- Example 9 The same operation as in Example 3 was performed, except that 3.84% by mass of KM3AA006 in Example 3 was changed to a mixture of 3.46% by mass of RM-257 and 0.38% by mass of KM3AA007.
- the obtained polymer-stabilized blue phase liquid crystal sample (polymer / liquid crystal composite material) was placed in the optical system shown in FIG.
- a rectangular wave AC electric field (frequency 1 KHz) was applied to the sample, and the transmitted light intensity with respect to the applied electric field was measured.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the transmitted light intensity and the applied electric field when the polymer / liquid crystal composite materials of Examples 6 and 9 of the present invention and Comparative Example 1 are used.
- the horizontal axis represents applied voltage (V)
- the vertical axis represents transmittance (%)
- ⁇ represents Example 6
- ⁇ represents Example 9, and ⁇ represents Comparative Example 1.
- the polymer / liquid crystal composite material of the present invention has a higher transmitted light intensity with respect to the applied voltage than the polymer / liquid crystal composite material of the comparative example. Therefore, it can be seen that the use of the polymer / liquid crystal composite material of the present invention provides an optical element having a high transmitted light intensity and a high contrast ratio.
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Abstract
Description
S1およびS2は、メチレン基を表し、
mおよびnは、それぞれ互いに独立に、1~20の整数を表し、
Bは、単結合または酸素原子を表し、
Dは、1位または4位にカルボキシル基を有する1,4-フェニレン基(ただし、1個以上の水素原子は、F、Cl、Br、炭素数1~8のアルキル基、炭素数1~3の直鎖状フルオロアルキル基、炭素数1~3の直鎖状フルオロアルコキシル基、シアノ基で置換されていてもよい)を表し、
Qは、1,2-フェニレンまたは1,3-フェニレン(ただし、1個以上の水素原子は、F、Cl、Br、炭素数1~8のアルキル基、炭素数1~3の直鎖状フルオロアルキル基、炭素数1~3の直鎖状フルオロアルコキシル基、シアノ基で置換されていてもよい)を表す)
一般式(1)で表される化合物は、Qの部位に1,2-フェニレンまたは1,3-フェニレンを用いたものであり、このフェニレン基1,2位または1,3位に他の分子が結合した構造をとる。このため、屈折した分子構造(屈折型分子構造)を有する。屈折した分子構造が高分子ネットワーク内でブルー相の発現温度範囲を広げる機能を有すると考えられる。また、一般式(1)で表される化合物は、両端に重合性基を有し、他の重合性化合物と重合するものであればよい。一般式(1)で表される化合物は、液晶性化合物であってもよく、非液晶性化合物であってもよい。
S1およびS2は、メチレン基を表し、
mおよびnは、それぞれ互いに独立に、1~20の整数を表し、
Bは、単結合または酸素原子を表し、
Dは、1位または4位にカルボキシル基を有する1,4-フェニレン基(ただし、1個以上の水素原子は、F、Cl、Br、炭素数1~8のアルキル基、炭素数1~3の直鎖状フルオロアルキル基、1~3の直鎖状フルオロアルコキシル基およびシアノ基からなる群から選択されるいずれかで置換されていてもよい)を表し、
Qは、1,2-フェニレンまたは1,3-フェニレン(ただし、1個以上の水素原子は、F、Cl、Br、炭素数1~8のアルキル基、炭素数1~3の直鎖状フルオロアルキル基、1~3の直鎖状フルオロアルコキシル基およびシアノ基からなる群から選択されるいずれかで置換されていてもよい)を表す)
一般式(1)で表される化合物は、例えば、以下の方法で製造することができる。まず、中間体1を合成し、これから中間体2を合成した後に、中間体2を反応させて一般式(1)で表される化合物を得る。
まず、4-ヒドロキシ安息香酸メチルなどの4-ヒドロキシ安息香酸エステルにクロロプロパノールなどのハロヒドリンを反応させて、中間体1を合成する。
中間体1とアクリル酸メチルなどの不飽和カルボン酸エステルなどを反応させて、中間体2を合成する。中間体1と反応する化合物を選択することで、本発明の一般式(1)で表される化合物の両端に導入される重合性基を変更することができる。
上記中間体2と置換基を有していてもよい1,2-フェニレンまたは1,3-フェニレンとを反応させて、一般式(1)で表される化合物を得る。この場合に、中間体2として、異なる重合性基を有するものを併用すれば、1,2-フェニレンまたは1,3-フェニレンに非対称の重合性基を導入することができる。
本発明のモノマー/液晶混合材料は、モノマーとして上記一般式(1)で表される化合物と、重合性基を持たずかつネマチック相、カイラルネマチック相またはブルー相を示す液晶組成物を含む混合材料である。本発明のモノマー/液晶混合材料は、モノマーとして一般式(1)で表される化合物以外の重合性液晶性化合物をさらに含むことが好ましい。一般式(1)で表される化合物は、重合前のモノマー/液晶混合材料状態でのブルー相発現温度範囲の拡大に効果を示す。一方、一般式(1)で表される化合物と一般式(1)で表される化合物以外の重合性液晶性化合物とを併用すると、重合前のブルー相の温度範囲の拡大に加えて、重合後のブルー相に対し優れた高分子安定化効果が得られる。
本発明のモノマー/液晶混合材料および高分子/液晶複合材料を構成する液晶組成物は、低分子液晶性化合物にカイラル剤を組合せた組成物であって、その構造中に重合性の官能基を含まない。本発明においては低分子液晶性化合物とカイラル剤を組合せた組成物を広義にカイラルネマチック液晶として扱い、該液晶組成物が示す液晶相をカイラルネマチック相とする。
本発明の高分子/液晶複合材料は、上記モノマー/液晶混合材料を重合することによって得ることができる。たとえば、上記一般式(1)で表される化合物と、一般式(1)で表される化合物以外の重合性液晶性化合物とを、重合性基を持たない液晶組成物中に分散して、後述する光学的に等方性の状態で、熱または光により重合することにより製造できる。このようにして得られた高分子/液晶複合材料は、液晶組成物中に高分子ネットワークとしての共重合体が形成されており、この高分子ネットワークが、液晶組成物中の液晶性化合物の重合時における配列秩序構造、すなわちブルー相の熱力学的安定性を向上し、該配列秩序構造の利用可能な温度範囲を拡大することを可能とする。
(中間体1の合成)
撹拌装置、還流冷却管、滴下ロート、温度計を備えた反応容器に4-ヒドロキシ安息香酸メチル152g(1mol)、炭酸カリウム158g、トリエチルアンモニウムクロライド7.6g、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル600gを仕込み室温で撹拌したのち、120℃まで加熱した。
撹拌装置、還流冷却管、蒸留塔、分留管、温度計を備えた反応容器に中間体1を98g(500mmol)、アクリル酸メチル1290g、ヘキサン75g、70%メタンスルホン酸14g、ブチルヒドロキシトルエン1.2gを仕込み、撹拌下70~80℃で反応させた。反応は、蒸留塔頂から反応により生成するメタノールを分留管に抜き出し、メタノールの生成が無くなるまで行った。反応液は室温まで冷却後、分液ロートに移し、水200mlで水相のpHが3になるまで洗浄を行った。有機相はトルエン100gを加えた後、常圧下65~75℃で濃縮し、スラリー液を得た。スラリー液は、ろ別後、トルエンついでヘキサンで洗浄後、減圧乾燥し、中間体2を94g得た。
攪拌機、還流冷却管、温度計を備えた反応器に中間体2を50g(20mmol)、ジメチルアミノピリジン2g、1-エチル-3-(3-ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミド塩酸塩51g、塩化メチレン225gを仕込み撹拌下、氷冷し、5-メチルレゾルシノール10gを少量ずつ加えた。その後、室温で6時間反応させた。反応液は、10%塩酸水溶液130gで2回洗浄した。有機相を減圧下に濃縮し、得られた残渣をアセトン/メタノール混合溶媒で再結晶することにより、目的物KM3AA006を82g得た。
1H-NMR(測定溶媒:重ジメチルスルホキシド):2.09~2.13(m,4H),2.36(s,3H),4.13(d,4H),4.28(d,4H),5.93(d,2H),6.18(dd,2H),6.33(d,2H),7.03(s,3H),7.11(d,4H),8.05(d,4H)
実施例1の5-メチルレゾルシノールに代えて、4-メチルカテコールを用いる以外は、同様の操作を行い、目的物KM3AA007を84.8g得た。
1H-NMR(測定溶媒:重ジメチルスルホキシド):2.02~2.09(m,4H),2.36(s,3H),4.09~4.12(m,4H),4.22~4.25(m,4H),5.91(d,2H),6.17(dd,2H),6.32(d,2H),6.96~6.99(m,4H),7.18(dd,1H),7.25(d,1H),7.31(d,1H),7.86~7.90(m,4H)
液晶組成物としてフッ素系混合液晶JC-1041XX(JNC株式会社製)46.25質量%、4-シアノ-4'-ペンチルビフェニル(5CB)46.25質量%、カイラル化合物2,5-ビス-[4'-(ヘキシルオキシ)-フェニル-4-カルボニル]-1,4;3,6-ジアンハイドライド-D-ソルビトール(ISO-(6OBA)2)7.5質量%を系全体が等方相を示す温度で均一に混合し、液晶組成物を調製した。
実施例3のKM3AA006 3.84質量%をRM-257 1.92質量%とKM3AA006 1.92質量%の混合物に変えた以外は同様の操作を行った。
実施例3のKM3AA006 3.84質量%をRM-257 2.69質量%とKM3AA006 1.15質量%の混合物に変えた以外は同様の操作を行った。
実施例3のKM3AA006 3.84質量%をRM-257 3.46質量%とKM3AA006 0.38質量%の混合物に変えた以外は同様の操作を行った。
実施例3のラウリルアクリレート3.84質量%を2.30質量%に、KM3AA006 3.84質量%を5.38質量%に変えた以外は同様の操作を行った。
実施例3のKM3AA006 3.84質量%をKM3AA007 3.84質量%に変えた以外は実施例3と同様の操作を行った。
実施例3のKM3AA006 3.84質量%をRM-257 3.46質量%とKM3AA007 0.38質量%の混合物に変えた以外は実施例3と同様の操作を行った。
実施例3~9および比較例1で得た光重合性モノマー/液晶混合材料を、配向処理のされていない一対のガラス基板(基板間距離10μm)で構成される評価用セルに充填し、偏光子と検光子を直交させた偏光顕微鏡を用い、0.5℃毎分の昇温速度でブルー相発現温度幅を確認した。
その結果を表1に示す。
実施例3~9および比較例1で得た光重合性モノマー/液晶混合材料を配向処理のされていない櫛形電極基板とガラス基板とで構成される評価用セル(基板間距離10μm)に充填し、ブルー相が発現する温度を保持した状態で、紫外線(紫外線強度1.5mWcm-2、365nm)を20分間照射した。
Claims (6)
- 下記一般式(1)で表される化合物。
S1およびS2は、メチレン基を表し、
mおよびnは、それぞれ互いに独立に、1~20の整数を表し、
Bは、単結合または酸素原子を表し、
Dは、1位または4位にカルボキシル基を有する1,4-フェニレン基(ただし、1個以上の水素原子は、F、Cl、Br、炭素数1~8のアルキル基、炭素数1~3の直鎖状フルオロアルキル基、炭素数1~3の直鎖状フルオロアルコキシル基、シアノ基で置換されていてもよい)を表し、
Qは、1,2-フェニレンまたは1,3-フェニレン(ただし、1個以上の水素原子は、F、Cl、Br、炭素数1~8のアルキル基、炭素数1~3の直鎖状フルオロアルキル基、炭素数1~3の直鎖状フルオロアルコキシル基、シアノ基で置換されていてもよい)を表す) - 下記一般式(1)で表される化合物を含むモノマー/液晶混合材料。
S1およびS2は、メチレン基を表し、
mおよびnは、それぞれ互いに独立に、1~20の整数を表し、
Bは、単結合または酸素原子を表し、
Dは、1位または4位にカルボキシル基を有する1,4-フェニレン基(ただし、1個以上の水素原子は、F、Cl、Br、炭素数1~8のアルキル基、炭素数1~3の直鎖状フルオロアルキル基、炭素数1~3の直鎖状フルオロアルコキシル基、シアノ基で置換されていてもよい)を表し、
Qは、1,2-フェニレンまたは1,3-フェニレン(ただし、1個以上の水素原子は、F、Cl、Br、炭素数1~8のアルキル基、炭素数1~3の直鎖状フルオロアルキル基、炭素数1~3の直鎖状フルオロアルコキシル基、シアノ基で置換されていてもよい)を表す) - 一般式(1)で表される化合物以外の重合性液晶性化合物を含む請求項2記載のモノマー/液晶混合材料。
- さらに、低分子液晶性化合物、非液晶性モノマー、カイラル剤、および光重合開始剤を含む請求項2または3記載のモノマー/液晶混合材料。
- 請求項2~4のいずれかに記載のモノマー/液晶混合材料の光重合物である高分子/液晶複合材料。
- 少なくとも一方が透明な一対の基板と、該一対の基板の少なくとも一方に形成された電極と、該一対の基板間に挟持された液晶層と、該一対の基板の一方の外側に形成された偏光板と、前記電極を介して液晶層に電界を印加する電界印加手段とを備えた液晶表示素子であって、
前記液晶層が、請求項5記載の高分子/液晶複合材料を含む液晶表示素子。
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JPH08104870A (ja) * | 1994-09-12 | 1996-04-23 | F Hoffmann La Roche Ag | 光重合性液晶 |
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- 2013-05-16 KR KR1020147033694A patent/KR20150013217A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-05-16 WO PCT/JP2013/063625 patent/WO2013172401A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2013-05-16 JP JP2014515662A patent/JPWO2013172401A1/ja active Pending
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JPH08104870A (ja) * | 1994-09-12 | 1996-04-23 | F Hoffmann La Roche Ag | 光重合性液晶 |
JPH09104656A (ja) * | 1994-10-13 | 1997-04-22 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 液晶組成物およびそれからなる光学的異方性材料および化合物 |
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KR101737990B1 (ko) * | 2014-03-07 | 2017-05-22 | 금오공과대학교 산학협력단 | 비대칭성 이관능기를 갖는 굽은핵 반응성 메소젠 및 이의 제조방법 |
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TW201412703A (zh) | 2014-04-01 |
KR20150013217A (ko) | 2015-02-04 |
JPWO2013172401A1 (ja) | 2016-01-12 |
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