WO2013157607A1 - ズームレンズ - Google Patents
ズームレンズ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013157607A1 WO2013157607A1 PCT/JP2013/061517 JP2013061517W WO2013157607A1 WO 2013157607 A1 WO2013157607 A1 WO 2013157607A1 JP 2013061517 W JP2013061517 W JP 2013061517W WO 2013157607 A1 WO2013157607 A1 WO 2013157607A1
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- lens
- lens unit
- unit
- spatial light
- zoom
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/08—Catadioptric systems
- G02B17/0896—Catadioptric systems with variable magnification or multiple imaging planes, including multispectral systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B15/00—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0081—Simple or compound lenses having one or more elements with analytic function to create variable power
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/0004—Microscopes specially adapted for specific applications
- G02B21/002—Scanning microscopes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0025—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/32—Holograms used as optical elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a zoom lens.
- a zoom lens is a lens that can continuously change the focal length while keeping the focal position of the entire lens system constant.
- it is necessary to relatively move at least two lens groups on the optical axis. That is, if only one group is moved in an optical system composed of two groups of lenses, the combined focal length can be changed, but the focal position also changes. On the other hand, by moving both of the two groups, the combined focal length can be changed without changing the focal position (see Non-Patent Document 1).
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a zoom lens that can be easily configured and can reduce the time required for changing the magnification. To do.
- a zoom lens includes a first lens unit configured by one of a spatial light modulation element and a variable focus lens, a first lens unit, and a focal plane of the zoom lens. And a control unit that controls a focal length of the first lens unit and the second lens unit, and a second lens unit that is configured by any one of a spatial light modulation element and a variable focus lens.
- the distance between the first lens unit and the second lens unit, and the distance between the second lens unit and the focal plane are both invariant, and the control unit has focal lengths of the first lens unit and the second lens unit.
- the control unit controls the focal lengths of the first lens unit and the second lens unit, for example, by giving a lens pattern to the spatial light modulator or controlling the focal length of the variable focus lens.
- a first lens unit and a second lens unit configured by either one of a spatial light modulation element or a variable focus lens are arranged.
- the spatial light modulator and the variable focus lens are optical components that can change the focal length without changing the position in the optical axis direction. For this reason, in the state where the distance between the first lens unit and the second lens unit and the distance between the second lens unit and the focal plane are fixed, the focal length of the entire zoom lens system is arbitrarily changed to increase the magnification. Can be changed.
- these optical components can change a focal distance in a very short time according to the electric signal from a control part. Therefore, according to the zoom lens, the time required for changing the enlargement magnification can be shortened. Further, since a complicated mechanism for moving the lens group is not required, the entire zoom lens system can be easily configured.
- the zoom lens according to the present invention can be configured easily, and the time required for changing the magnification can be shortened.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a zoom lens according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a relationship of focal lengths in the zoom lens according to the first embodiment.
- FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams schematically showing an imaging state corresponding to case 1 shown in Table 2 and FIG. 3B schematically showing an imaging state corresponding to case 2 shown in Table 2.
- FIG. And (c) is a diagram schematically showing the state of image formation corresponding to case 3 shown in Table 2.
- 4A is a diagram schematically illustrating an imaging state corresponding to Case 4 shown in Table 2
- FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram illustrating an imaging state corresponding to Case 5 shown in Table 2.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the operation of the zoom lens according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a zoom lens according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a zoom lens as a modification of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a zoom lens as another modification of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a zoom lens 10A according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the zoom lens 10 ⁇ / b> A according to the present embodiment includes a first lens unit 12, a second lens unit 14, and a control unit 16.
- the first lens unit 12 and the second lens unit 14 are arranged side by side in a direction along a predetermined optical axis A that intersects the focal plane F of the zoom lens 10A. Optically coupled between the portion 12 and the focal plane F.
- the first lens unit 12 includes a spatial light modulator (SLM) or a variable focus lens (VFL). Lens).
- the second lens unit 14 is configured by either a spatial light modulator or a variable focus lens. That is, the following four patterns exist as combinations of the first lens unit 12 and the second lens unit 14.
- the spatial light modulation element that can be used as the first lens unit 12 or the second lens unit 14 include a phase modulation type spatial light modulation element, such as a refractive index changing material type SLM (for example, LCOS using a liquid crystal). (Liquid Crystal on Silicon) type and LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), Segment Mirror type SLM, Continuous Deformable Mirror type SLM, and the like.
- a refractive index changing material type SLM for example, LCOS using a liquid crystal.
- LCD Liquid Crystal Display
- Segment Mirror type SLM Continuous Deformable Mirror type SLM, and the like.
- the refractive index changing material type SLM, the segment mirror type SLM, and the continuously variable shape mirror type SLM are provided with various lens patterns by applying voltage, current, or writing light, so that the lens has an arbitrary focal length. Function.
- variable focus lens as the first lens unit 12 or the second lens unit 14 can change the refractive index of the optical path arbitrarily, such as a liquid crystal or an electro-optic crystal, or can change the shape. Are preferably used. In these variable focus lenses, the focal length is arbitrarily controlled by applying voltage or current.
- the zoom lens 10A of this embodiment the distance between the distance L 1, and the second lens unit 14 and the focal plane F of the first lens unit 12 and the second lens portion 14 L 2 Both are unchanged, and the positions of the first lens portion 12 and the second lens portion 14 are fixed relative to the focal plane F.
- the control unit 16 controls the focal lengths of the first lens unit 12 and the second lens unit 14.
- the control unit 16 outputs an electrical signal (lens pattern) for driving each pixel of the spatial light modulation element to the first lens unit 12.
- the control unit 16 Provided to (second lens unit 14).
- the control unit 16 outputs an electric signal for controlling the focal length of the variable focus lens to the first lens unit 12 (second lens unit 12).
- the control unit 16 changes the focal lengths of the first lens unit 12 and the second lens unit 14 in this way, so that the magnification ratio changes.
- the control part 16 may be arrange
- the control unit 16 uses lenses having focal lengths f 1 and f 2 in these spatial light modulation elements, respectively. While displaying, the focus is set on a predetermined focal plane F. Now, it is assumed that collimated light is incident from the front surface of the first lens unit 12 (the surface opposite to the surface facing the second lens unit 14). At this time, for example, when the focal length f 1 of the first lens portion 12 is infinite and f 2 of the second lens portion 14 is equal to the distance L 2 , the combined focal length by the first lens portion 12 and the second lens portion 14 is set. f c is equal to L 2 .
- the first lens unit 12 does not function as a lens and transmits the collimated light as it is.
- the focal length f 1 of the first lens unit 12 is the distance (L 1 + L 2 ) from the first lens unit 12 to the focal plane F, and f 2 of the second lens unit 14 is infinite
- the first The combined focal length f c by the lens unit 12 and the second lens unit 14 is (L 1 + L 2 ).
- the control unit 16 sets the focal lengths f 1 and f 2 of the first lens unit 12 and the second lens unit 14 to various lengths, so that the first The combined focal length by the lens unit 12 and the second lens unit 14 can be arbitrarily controlled.
- the focal length of the first lens unit 12 is f 1 and the focal length of the second lens unit 14 is f 2 .
- a condition to be satisfied by the focal lengths f 1 and f 2 is obtained.
- Combined focal length f c of the optical system is expressed by Equation (1).
- the distance L 2 , the focal distance f 2 , and ⁇ related to the position of the focal plane F have the following relationship.
- the control unit 16 includes a focal length calculation function, the combined focal length f c by the first and second lens units 12 and 14, the distance L 1 between the first lens unit 12 and the second lens unit 14, and the second Based on the distance L 2 between the lens unit 14 and the focal plane F, the focal lengths f 1 and f 2 of the first and second lens units 12 and 14 are calculated.
- control unit 16 performs control to change the focal lengths of the first and second lens units 12 and 14 so that the calculated focal lengths f 1 and f 2 are obtained.
- the control unit 16, the focal length calculating may calculate the composite focal length f c from the desired magnification.
- the first lens portion 12 and the second lens portion 14 are determined as a concave lens or a convex lens depending on the lengths of the focal lengths f 1 and f 2 .
- the focal lengths f 1 and f 2 are positive, the lens is a convex lens, and when negative, the lens is a concave lens.
- Table 2 is a table showing the values of the focal length f 1 and f 2, the relationship between the value of the corresponding composite focal length f c. 3 (a), 3 (b), 3 (c), 4 (a), and 4 (b) correspond to the five cases 1 to 5 shown in Table 2. It is a figure which shows the mode of an image typically.
- Case 1 As shown in Table 2, in Case 1, the focal length f 1 is positive, the focal length f 2 is negative, and the combined focal length f c is larger than (L 1 + L 2 ). In such a case, as shown in FIG. 3A, the numerical aperture (NA) of the second lens portion 14 is the smallest, so the enlargement magnification is “ultra low magnification”.
- Case 3 As shown in Table 2, in Case 3, is positive in both the focal length f 1 and f 2, the combined focal length f c is greater than L 2 (L 1 + L 2 ) less. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 3C, the numerical aperture of the second lens portion 14 has a certain size, so that the magnification is “medium”.
- Case 5 As shown in Table 2, in Case 5, the focal length f 1 is negative, the focal length f 2 is positive, and the combined focal length f c is greater than 0 and smaller than L 2 . In such a case, as shown in FIG. 4B, the numerical aperture of the second lens portion 14 is the largest, so the enlargement magnification is “ultra-high magnification”.
- the first lens unit 12 including either one of a spatial light modulation element or a variable focus lens
- a second lens unit 14 is disposed.
- the spatial light modulator and the variable focus lens are optical components that can change the focal lengths f 1 and f 2 without changing the position in the direction of the optical axis A. Therefore, in a state where the distance L 2 is fixed and the distance L 1, and the second lens unit 14 and the focal plane F of the first lens unit 12 and the second lens unit 14, a composite focal length of the entire zoom lens system f c it is possible to vary the magnification arbitrarily changed.
- these optical components can change the focal lengths f 1 and f 2 in an extremely short time in accordance with the electrical signal from the control unit 16. Therefore, according to the zoom lens 10A of the present embodiment, the time required for changing the enlargement magnification can be significantly shortened as compared with the conventional zoom lens. Further, since a complicated mechanism for moving the lens group is not required, the entire zoom lens system can be easily configured.
- zoom lens 10A of the present embodiment can also operate as described below.
- the control unit 16 is connected to both or one of the first lens unit 12 and the second lens unit 14.
- a superposition pattern in which phase patterns such as various diffraction grating patterns are superposed on the lens pattern to be provided can be presented to the spatial light modulator. Accordingly, for example, as shown in FIG. 5A, so-called beam steering is possible in which the focal position is moved on an arbitrary optical axis A1 different from the optical axis A.
- Such a configuration is, for example, a lens pattern in which a straight line including the central axis of light input to the first lens unit 12 and a straight line including the central axis of light output from the second lens unit 14 are separated from each other.
- a lens pattern in which a straight line including the central axis of light input to the first lens unit 12 and a straight line including the central axis of light output from the second lens unit 14 are separated from each other.
- the spatial light modulator the light P2 that travels between the second lens unit 14 and the focal plane F while tilting the optical axis of the light P2 that travels between the first lens unit 12 and the second lens unit 14.
- the optical axis A1 of the first lens portion 12 and the second lens portion 14 can be made parallel to the optical axis A1.
- control unit 16 presents a superposition pattern in which a phase pattern such as a predetermined diffraction grating pattern is superposed on the lens pattern to the spatial light modulation element, as shown in FIG.
- a plurality (two in the figure) of optical axes inclined in different directions are formed between the first lens unit 12 and the second lens unit 14, and a plurality of optical axes different from the optical axis A (for example, Multiple beam steering is also possible, such as moving the focal position on A2 and A3) in the figure.
- Such a configuration provides the spatial light modulator with a lens pattern that divides the light output from the second lens unit 14 into a plurality of optical paths, for example, with respect to the light input to the first lens unit 12. Can be realized.
- a superposition pattern composed of phase patterns based on different focal lengths is simultaneously presented to the spatial light modulation element, so that magnifications at focal positions on a plurality of optical axes (for example, A2 and A3 in the figure) are made different. It is also possible.
- an objective lens is disposed between the second lens portion 14 and the focal plane F, and the condensing position of the light P3 and P4 and the rear focal point of the objective lens are set. You may match. Thereby, the two lights P3 and P4 can be made to interfere with each other after passing through the objective lens, and fine processing by the interference effect becomes possible. Further, such an interference effect is arbitrarily controlled by changing the tilt angle of the optical axis of the light P3 and P4 after passing through the objective lens and the numerical aperture (NA) of the light P3 and P4. It is also possible to perform multipoint processing using a plurality of lights having different numerical apertures.
- the control unit 16 presents a superposed pattern in which a phase pattern such as a predetermined diffraction grating pattern is superposed on the lens pattern, as shown in FIG. 12 is divided into a plurality of regions (two in the figure), and an optical axis inclined (or parallel) to the optical axis A is formed between each of these regions and the second lens portion 14. Also good.
- the diffraction angle in the first lens unit 12 can be reduced and the burden on the first lens unit 12 is reduced as compared with the configuration in FIG. can do.
- the burden on the first lens unit 12 will be described.
- the first lens unit 12 is configured by a spatial light modulator (SLM)
- SLM spatial light modulator
- a lens pattern to be displayed on the SLM is a phase pattern called a Fresnel lens pattern. This pattern is derived by the following formula (7).
- Equation (7) r is the distance from the center point of the lens pattern, ⁇ is the wavelength of the incident beam, and f is the focal length of the lens.
- the equation (7) is obtained by using a method of turning back the phase by 2 ⁇ (rad) (called phase distortion) in order to display a Fresnel lens pattern.
- phase distortion a method of turning back the phase by 2 ⁇ (rad) (called phase distortion) in order to display a Fresnel lens pattern.
- the phase becomes steeper as the distance from the center point of the lens pattern increases. Therefore, phase wrapping frequently occurs in the periphery of the lens pattern.
- the Fresnel lens pattern can no longer be expressed.
- the NA becomes too large, the NA is limited by using the configuration shown in FIG. 5C, and the light is divided into a plurality of regions. It is recommended to use light effectively.
- the zoom lens 10A of the present embodiment in addition to changing the focal length, changing the focal position on the focal plane F and dividing the focal point. This makes it possible to perform control that was impossible with conventional optical lenses.
- the control unit 16 is connected to both or one of the first lens unit 12 and the second lens unit 14.
- various hologram patterns designed by an arithmetic method such as an iterative Fourier transform method such as the GS method can be superimposed on the lens pattern provided. This makes it possible to simultaneously form a plurality of images at different positions.
- the control unit 16 is connected to either or both of the first lens unit 12 and the second lens unit 14.
- a phase pattern for correcting distortion included in the optical system and aberration generated by the variable focus lens can be superimposed on the lens pattern provided.
- a lens arranged separately from the first lens unit 12 and the second lens unit 14 and a variable focus lens used as the first lens unit 12 and the second lens unit 14 may have slight distortion.
- the entire system can be simply configured without requiring complicated lens shaping even when correcting aberrations.
- the zoom lens 10A according to this embodiment described above may be used in a Fourier transform hologram reproducing optical system.
- one of the first lens portion 12 and the second lens portion 14 can be used as a hologram presenting element.
- a fixed lens is used as a Fourier transform lens as in the past, the size of the reproduced image is fixed, but the size of the reproduced image can be changed by using the zoom lens 10A according to the present embodiment.
- the zoom lens 10A according to the present embodiment may be used in a lensless optical correlator.
- the focal length depends on the distance between the spatial light modulation element presenting the input pattern and the spatial light modulation element presenting the filter pattern, so that the focal length can be changed. Therefore, it was not possible to switch between the single optical correlator and the parallel optical correlator.
- the zoom lens 10A of the present embodiment it is possible to switch between a single optical correlator and a parallel optical correlator without changing the arrangement of optical components such as the first lens unit 12 and the second lens unit 14. . That is, by using the lens pattern provided from the control unit 16 to the first lens unit 12 and the second lens unit 14 as a lens array pattern, a parallel optical correlator that performs optical correlation calculations in parallel can be easily realized. it can.
- the zoom lens 10A according to the present embodiment may be used in a microscope.
- the observation magnification can be easily changed in a short time.
- laser light condensed by an objective lens or the like is raster-scanned on an object, and light emitted from the object by the irradiated laser light (for example, fluorescent light, reflected light, or scattered light)
- the zoom lens 10A according to the present embodiment the diameter of the focused laser beam can be easily changed in a short time. Therefore, the number of scans can be easily controlled, and a method for measuring the entire object in a relatively coarse and short time and a method for measuring only a part of the object in detail over time are required. Can be switched.
- the focal position can be easily moved (see, for example, FIGS. 5A to 5C), so that the observation position can be easily changed.
- the handling becomes much easier.
- the zoom lens 10A in the imaging optical system of the microscope the field of view and the resolution can be arbitrarily changed without changing the imaging position in the optical axis direction.
- the zoom lens 10A according to the present embodiment may be used for laser processing.
- the diameter of the condensed spot in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction can be easily changed in a short time, the shape of the processing mark can be easily changed. Further, it is possible to perform fine processing with a small condensing point, or to increase the processing speed by increasing the condensing point.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of a zoom lens 10B according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the zoom lens 10 ⁇ / b> B of this embodiment includes a first lens unit 22, a second lens unit 24, and a control unit 26.
- the 1st lens part 22 and the 2nd lens part 24 are comprised by the reflection type spatial light modulation element, and have the light reflection surfaces 22a and 24a, respectively.
- the zoom lens 10B may further include a laser light source 28, a spatial filter 32, a collimating lens 34, and reflecting mirrors 36a to 36e as reflecting elements.
- the second lens portion 24 is optically coupled between the first lens portion 22 and the focal plane F by the structure described below. That is, the light reflecting surface 24a of the second lens unit 24 is optically coupled to the light reflecting surface 22a of the first lens unit 22 through the reflecting mirrors 36d and 36c, which are a plurality of reflecting elements, and at the same time, is reflected It is optically coupled to the focal plane F via a mirror 36e.
- the collimated light P1 is incident on the light reflecting surface 22a of the first lens unit 22 through the reflecting mirrors 36b and 36a.
- the collimated light P1 is obtained by removing the wavefront noise and distortion of the laser light emitted from the laser light source 28 through the condenser lens 32a and the pinhole 32b of the spatial filter 32. It is preferably generated by passing through and parallelizing.
- the optical distance between the first lens unit 22 and the second lens unit 24 (that is, the distance from the first lens unit 22 to the second lens unit 24 through the reflecting mirrors 36c and 36d). ), And the optical distance between the second lens portion 24 and the focal plane F (that is, the distance from the second lens portion 24 to the focal plane F via the reflecting mirror 36e) is unchanged.
- the position of the second lens unit 24 is fixed relative to the focal plane F.
- the control unit 26 controls the focal lengths of the first lens unit 22 and the second lens unit 24.
- the control unit 26 provides an electric signal (lens pattern) for driving each pixel of the spatial light modulation element to the first lens unit 22 and the second lens unit 24, thereby focusing on each of the spatial light modulation elements.
- the lenses of the distances f 1 and f 2 are displayed and the focal point is focused on a predetermined focal plane F.
- the control unit 26 changes the focal lengths of the first lens unit 22 and the second lens unit 24 in this way, so that the enlargement magnification is changed.
- the control part 26 may be arrange
- the first lens unit and the second lens unit may be configured by a reflective spatial light modulation element. Even in such a case, the same effects as those of the first embodiment described above can be obtained.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of a zoom lens 10C as a modification of the second embodiment.
- the difference between the zoom lens 10C according to this modification and the second embodiment is the configuration of the first lens unit and the second lens unit. That is, in this modification, the zoom lens 10C includes one reflective spatial light modulation element 30, and the first lens part and the second lens part are configured by a single reflective spatial light modulation element 30. A part of the light reflecting surface 30a (first area) is used as the first lens part 30b, and another part of the light reflecting surface 30a (second area) is used as the second lens part 30c. .
- the second lens unit 30c is optically coupled to the first lens unit 30b via the reflecting mirrors 36d and 36c, and at the same time optically coupled to the focal plane F via the reflecting mirror 36e.
- collimated light P1 is incident on the first lens portion 30b via the reflecting mirrors 36b and 36a.
- the optical distance between the first lens portion 30b and the second lens portion 30c and the optical distance between the second lens portion 30c and the focal plane F are both invariable, and the first lens portion The positions of 30b and the second lens portion 30c are fixed relative to the focal plane F.
- the control unit 26 controls the focal lengths of the first lens unit 30b and the second lens unit 30c.
- the control unit 26 provides an electrical signal (lens pattern) for driving each pixel of the spatial light modulation element 30 to the spatial light modulation element 30, thereby focusing on the first lens unit 30 b and the second lens unit 30 c.
- the lenses of the distances f 1 and f 2 are displayed and the focal point is focused on a predetermined focal plane F.
- the control unit 26 changes the focal lengths of the first lens unit 30 b and the second lens unit 30 c as described above, so that the enlargement magnification is changed.
- the first lens unit and the second lens unit may be configured by a single spatial light modulation element that is common to each other. Even in such a case, the same effects as those of the first embodiment described above can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 shows only the first lens unit 12 and the second lens unit 14 as a configuration of the zoom lens 10A, but the zoom lens includes a fixed lens and the like in addition to the first lens unit and the second lens unit.
- the optical component may be provided.
- a spatial light modulator is used as the first lens unit and the second lens unit, there is a lower limit on the focal length.
- the variable range of the focal length of the zoom lens is also limited. In such a case, it is possible to change the focal length beyond the limit by appropriately inserting a fixed lens on the optical axis.
- the light which injects into a 1st lens part is parallel light is illustrated in embodiment and the modification which were mentioned above, the light which injects into a 1st lens part is not restricted to parallel light, but various light. Can be applied.
- the optical system for entering and exiting the first lens part and the second lens part there are various forms other than the configuration shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 as the optical system for entering and exiting the first lens part and the second lens part.
- an expander may be provided instead of the spatial filter 32 and the collimating lens 34, and the reflecting mirrors 36a to 36e may be replaced with other light reflecting optical components such as a triangular prism.
- FIG. 8 a configuration without using a reflecting mirror is also possible.
- the reflective spatial light modulation element that constitutes the first lens unit 22 and the reflective spatial light modulation element that constitutes the second lens unit 24 include light reflection surfaces 22 a and 24 a. It is preferable that they are arranged parallel to each other. In this case, incident light and outgoing light can be made substantially parallel, and the apparatus can be made relatively small.
- the first lens unit configured by either one of the spatial light modulation element or the variable focus lens, and the optical coupling between the first lens unit and the focal plane of the zoom lens are provided.
- the second lens unit configured by either one of the spatial light modulation element or the variable focus lens, and a lens pattern is given to the spatial light modulation element, or the focal length of the variable focus lens is controlled, thereby
- a control unit that controls the focal length of the lens unit and the second lens unit, the distance between the first lens unit and the second lens unit, and the distance between the second lens unit and the focal plane are both invariant, and control The unit is configured to change the magnification of the zoom lens by changing the focal length of the first lens unit and the second lens unit.
- At least one of the first lens portion and the second lens portion may be constituted by a spatial light modulation element.
- a spatial light modulation element As a result, in addition to changing the focal length, it is possible to perform control that was impossible with conventional optical lenses, such as changing the focal position on the focal plane and dividing the focal point.
- control is suitably realized by, for example, superimposing a diffraction grating or a hologram pattern on a lens pattern given to the spatial light modulator by the control unit.
- the control unit corrects the aberration generated in the zoom lens in the lens pattern to be given to the spatial light modulation element.
- a pattern may be superimposed.
- the first lens unit configured by either one of the spatial light modulation element or the variable focus lens, and the optical lens between the first lens unit and the focal plane of the zoom lens are arranged.
- the zoom lens is configured to change the magnification of the zoom lens.
- the control unit gives a lens pattern to the spatial light modulation element.
- the focal length of the lens unit is controlled.
- the control unit controls the focal length of the lens unit by controlling the focal length of the variable focus lens.
- the zoom lens may be configured such that at least one of the first lens unit and the second lens unit is configured by a spatial light modulation element, and the control unit is configured to provide a lens pattern to the spatial light modulation element. good.
- the first lens portion and the second lens portion may each be configured by a reflective spatial light modulation element.
- the reflective spatial light modulation element constituting the first lens part and the reflective spatial light modulation element constituting the second lens part are arranged so that their light reflection surfaces are parallel to each other. It is good also as composition which has.
- the first lens portion and the second lens portion are configured by a single reflective spatial light modulator, and a part of the light reflecting surface is used as the first lens portion. A part of the region may be used as the second lens portion.
- the zoom lens may include a plurality of reflecting elements, and the second lens unit may be optically coupled to the first lens unit via the plurality of reflecting elements.
- the zoom lens may have a configuration in which the spatial light modulator is a transmissive spatial light modulator.
- the control unit has a lens pattern in which a straight line including the central axis of light input to the first lens unit and a straight line including the central axis of light output from the second lens unit are separated from each other. May be provided to the spatial light modulator.
- the zoom lens has a configuration in which the control unit gives the spatial light modulation element a lens pattern that divides the light output from the second lens unit into a plurality of optical paths with respect to the light input to the first lens unit. It is also good.
- the zoom lens may be configured such that a pattern for correcting aberration generated in the zoom lens is superimposed on a lens pattern given to the spatial light modulation element by the control unit.
- the control unit is based on the combined focal length of the first lens unit and the second lens unit, the distance between the first lens unit and the second lens unit, and the distance between the second lens unit and the focal plane. Calculating the focal length of the first lens unit and the focal length of the second lens unit, and changing the focal lengths of the first lens unit and the second lens unit to be the calculated focal lengths. Also good.
- the present invention can be easily configured and can be used as a zoom lens capable of shortening the time required for changing the magnification.
- 10A, 10B, 10C ... zoom lens, 12, 22 ... first lens unit, 14, 24 ... second lens unit, 16, 26 ... control unit, 28 ... laser light source, 30 ... reflective spatial light modulator, 30a ... Light reflecting surface, 30b ... first lens portion, 30c ... second lens portion, 32 ... spatial filter, 34 ... collimating lens, 36a to 36e ... reflecting mirror, A, A1 to A3 ... optical axis, F ... focal plane, f 1 , f 2 ... focal length, f c ... composite focal length.
Abstract
Description
Lens)のうち何れか一方により構成される。また、第二レンズ部14も同様に、空間光変調素子または可変焦点レンズのうち何れか一方により構成される。すなわち、第一レンズ部12と第二レンズ部14との組み合わせとしては、以下の4つのパターンが存在する。
Crystal Display)など)、セグメントミラー(Segment Mirror)型SLM、連続形状可変鏡(Continuous Deformable Mirror)型SLM等がある。屈折率変化材料型SLM、セグメントミラー型SLM、及び連続形状可変鏡型SLMは、電圧や電流、或いは書き出し光の印加によって種々のレンズパターンが付与されることにより、任意の焦点距離を有するレンズとして機能する。
Claims (11)
- 空間光変調素子または可変焦点レンズのうち何れか一方により構成される第一レンズ部と、
前記第一レンズ部と当該ズームレンズの焦点面との間に光学的に結合され、空間光変調素子または可変焦点レンズのうち何れか一方により構成される第二レンズ部と、
前記第一レンズ部及び前記第二レンズ部の焦点距離を制御する制御部と
を備え、
前記第一レンズ部と前記第二レンズ部との距離、および前記第二レンズ部と前記焦点面との距離が共に不変であり、
前記制御部が、前記第一レンズ部及び前記第二レンズ部の焦点距離を変更することによって当該ズームレンズの拡大倍率を変化させることを特徴とする、ズームレンズ。 - 前記第一レンズ部および前記第二レンズ部のうち少なくとも一方が空間光変調素子により構成されており、前記制御部は、前記空間光変調素子にレンズパターンを与えることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のズームレンズ。
- 前記第一レンズ部および前記第二レンズ部は、それぞれ反射型空間光変調素子により構成されていることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載のズームレンズ。
- 前記第一レンズ部を構成する前記反射型空間光変調素子と、前記第二レンズ部を構成する前記反射型空間光変調素子とは、それらの光反射面が互いに平行になるように配置されていることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載のズームレンズ。
- 前記第一レンズ部および前記第二レンズ部は、単一の反射型空間光変調素子により構成され、その光反射面のうち一部の領域が前記第一レンズ部として使用され、他の一部の領域が前記第二レンズ部として使用されていることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載のズームレンズ。
- 複数の反射素子を備え、前記第二レンズ部は、前記複数の反射素子を介して前記第一レンズ部と光学的に結合されていることを特徴とする、請求項3~5のいずれか一項に記載のズームレンズ。
- 前記空間光変調素子は、透過型空間光変調素子であることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載のズームレンズ。
- 前記制御部は、前記第一レンズ部に入力される光の中心軸線を含む直線と、前記第二レンズ部から出力される光の中心軸線を含む直線とが互いに離れるような前記レンズパターンを前記空間光変調素子に与えることを特徴とする、請求項2~7のいずれか一項に記載のズームレンズ。
- 前記制御部は、前記第一レンズ部に入力される光に対し、前記第二レンズ部から出力される光を複数の光路に分割するような前記レンズパターンを前記空間光変調素子に与えることを特徴とする、請求項2~8のいずれか一項に記載のズームレンズ。
- 前記制御部は、前記空間光変調素子へ与える前記レンズパターンに、当該ズームレンズにおいて発生する収差を補正するためのパターンを重畳することを特徴とする、請求項2~9のいずれか一項に記載のズームレンズ。
- 前記制御部は、前記第一レンズ部及び前記第二レンズ部による合成焦点距離、前記第一レンズ部と前記第二レンズ部との距離、および前記第二レンズ部と前記焦点面との距離に基づいて、前記第一レンズ部の焦点距離及び前記第二レンズ部の焦点距離を算出し、それらの算出された焦点距離となるように、前記第一レンズ部及び前記第二レンズ部の焦点距離を変更することを特徴とする、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載のズームレンズ。
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DE112013002127.7T DE112013002127B4 (de) | 2012-04-20 | 2013-04-18 | Zoomobjektiv |
CN201380020852.0A CN104246574B (zh) | 2012-04-20 | 2013-04-18 | 变焦透镜 |
JP2014511248A JP6054952B2 (ja) | 2012-04-20 | 2013-04-18 | ズームレンズ |
US14/394,148 US9519127B2 (en) | 2012-04-20 | 2013-04-18 | Zoom lens |
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CN107144948A (zh) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-08 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | 一种基于三角反射器的空间光调制器耦合装置 |
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CN104246574B (zh) | 2017-03-22 |
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