WO2013154160A1 - 家屋用電力供給システム - Google Patents

家屋用電力供給システム Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013154160A1
WO2013154160A1 PCT/JP2013/060949 JP2013060949W WO2013154160A1 WO 2013154160 A1 WO2013154160 A1 WO 2013154160A1 JP 2013060949 W JP2013060949 W JP 2013060949W WO 2013154160 A1 WO2013154160 A1 WO 2013154160A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
house
power supply
coil
communication device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2013/060949
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
素直 新妻
Original Assignee
株式会社Ihi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社Ihi filed Critical 株式会社Ihi
Priority to CN201380013828.4A priority Critical patent/CN104185937B/zh
Priority to EP13775743.1A priority patent/EP2852024B1/en
Publication of WO2013154160A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013154160A1/ja
Priority to US14/484,724 priority patent/US9866032B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/003—Load forecast, e.g. methods or systems for forecasting future load demand
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0069—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/124—Detection or removal of foreign bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B60L53/36—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles by positioning the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
    • B60L53/57—Charging stations without connection to power networks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/63—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to network capacity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/64—Optimising energy costs, e.g. responding to electricity rates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/65—Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
    • B60L53/665—Methods related to measuring, billing or payment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L55/00—Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B15/00—Systems controlled by a computer
    • G05B15/02—Systems controlled by a computer electric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/10—The network having a local or delimited stationary reach
    • H02J2310/12—The local stationary network supplying a household or a building
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00034—Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
    • Y04S10/126—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a house power supply system capable of supplying power from an electric vehicle to a house.
  • Electric vehicles Electric Vehicle
  • HV Hybrid Vehicle
  • Electric vehicles Electric Vehicle
  • HV plug-in hybrid vehicles
  • Electric vehicles have a large capacity and can be recharged as a power generation source (for example, lithium ion batteries and nickel hydrogen batteries).
  • Secondary battery such as a battery).
  • a vehicle equipped with such a storage battery is simply referred to as an “electric vehicle”.
  • Patent Documents 1 to 3 With the widespread use of electric vehicles, it has been proposed to use electric vehicles for uses other than moving means (for example, use of night power or emergency power) (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3). In connection with this, it has been proposed to predict the usage pattern of household electrical devices and to control the operation of each electrical device based on the prediction results (for example, Patent Document 4). Further, related arts of the present invention are disclosed in Patent Documents 5 to 7.
  • the above plugs and outlets are provided outside the vehicle or outdoors. For this reason, rainwater or foreign matter (for example, insects) may enter the plug or the outlet, resulting in poor electrical connection such as poor contact or short circuit.
  • the present invention has been developed to solve the above-described problems. That is, one of the objects of the present invention is to supply necessary electric power from an electric vehicle to a house, and by eliminating the need for connecting the power cable, an electrical connection failure associated with connection / disconnection of the power cable is required. It is an object of the present invention to provide a power supply system for a house that can essentially avoid power transmission, can greatly reduce transmission delay, and can greatly reduce the storage battery capacity of the house.
  • a power supply system for a house that supplies power from an electric vehicle to a house, and the electric vehicle is suitable for non-contact power supply using a storage battery, a power supply coil, and the storage battery as a power source.
  • a power supply circuit that drives the power supply coil with a voltage and current waveform, a vehicle communication device, and a power supply control device that controls the power supply circuit.
  • the house includes a power receiving coil, a power receiving circuit for receiving power from the power receiving coil into the house, a house communication device capable of communicating with the vehicle communication device, and power for predicting power required in the house.
  • a prediction device The power supply coil and the power reception coil are configured to form an electromagnetic coupling circuit at a preset separation distance.
  • the power prediction device predicts power that needs to be supplied from the electric vehicle to the house in advance by a delay time considering transmission delay, and the prediction data of the power is transmitted to the house communication device and the vehicle communication. It is comprised so that it may communicate with the said electric power feeding control apparatus via an apparatus. Further, the power supply control device is configured to supply power corresponding to the prediction data of the power to the power supply coil.
  • the feeding coil and the receiving coil form an electromagnetic coupling circuit at a preset separation distance.
  • electric power required from an electric vehicle can be supplied to a house by non-contact electric power feeding between a feeding coil and a receiving coil, and the connection work of an electric power cable becomes unnecessary. Therefore, it is possible to essentially avoid the occurrence of poor electrical connection due to the connection / disconnection of the power cable.
  • the power prediction device predicts power that needs to be supplied from the electric vehicle to the house in advance by a delay time considering transmission delay, and the power prediction data is fed via the house communication device and the vehicle communication device.
  • the power supply controller communicates with the control device and supplies power corresponding to the prediction data to the power supply coil. Therefore, the time delay between the electric power which a house requires and the electric power supplied from a feed coil can be reduced significantly, and the storage battery capacity on the house side can be greatly reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows 3rd Embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a house power supply system that supplies power from the electric vehicle 1 to the house 100.
  • the electric vehicle 1 includes a storage battery 12, a power supply coil 14, a power supply circuit 16 that drives the power supply coil 14 with a voltage / current waveform suitable for non-contact power supply using the storage battery 12 as a power source, a vehicle communication device 18, and a power supply circuit 16. And a power supply control device 20 to be controlled.
  • the house 100 predicts the power required by the power receiving coil 114, the power receiving circuit 116 that receives power from the power receiving coil 114 into the house 100, the house communication device 118 that can communicate with the vehicle communication device 18, and the house 100.
  • a power prediction device 120 The house 100 predicts the power required by the power receiving coil 114, the power receiving circuit 116 that receives power from the power receiving coil 114 into the house 100, the house communication device 118 that can communicate with the vehicle communication device 18, and the house 100.
  • the feeding coil 14 and the receiving coil 114 are configured to form an electromagnetic coupling circuit at a preset separation distance.
  • the separation distance is not a single value, but may be a value range such as 10 cm or more and 30 cm or less.
  • the power supply control device 20 controls the power supply circuit 16 and supplies power corresponding to the predicted power data P1 to the power supply coil 14.
  • the power prediction device 120 predicts the power that needs to be supplied from the electric vehicle 1 to the house 100 in advance by the delay time T in consideration of transmission delay.
  • the power prediction device 120 communicates predicted power prediction data P ⁇ b> 1 to the power supply control device 20 via the house communication device 118 and the vehicle communication device 18.
  • the power supply control device 20 supplies power corresponding to the prediction data P ⁇ b> 1 to the power supply coil 14.
  • the electric vehicle 1 can supply power to the house 100 in a state of being close to the house 100.
  • the “close state” is a state in which the power feeding coil 14 and the power receiving coil 114 are spaced apart from each other in advance, and is a distance that can be contactlessly fed from the power feeding coil 14 to the power receiving coil 114.
  • the storage battery 12 is a rechargeable battery (for example, a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery or a nickel metal hydride battery) mounted on the electric vehicle 1.
  • the storage battery 12 supplies electric power for driving a motor (not shown) that moves the electric vehicle.
  • the feeding coil 14 is a coil that is provided at the rear of the electric vehicle 1 and feeds power from the storage battery 12 to the house 100 in a non-contact manner.
  • An electromagnetic coupling circuit is formed between the power feeding coil 14 and the power receiving coil 114 when the power feeding coil 14 comes close to the power receiving coil 114 provided in the house 100.
  • the electromagnetic coupling circuit means a circuit in which the power feeding coil 14 and the power receiving coil 114 are electromagnetically coupled and non-contact power feeding from the power feeding coil 14 to the power receiving coil 114 is performed.
  • the electromagnetic coupling circuit may be either a circuit that supplies power by the “electromagnetic induction method” or a circuit that supplies power by the “magnetic resonance method”.
  • the feeding coil 14 is provided at the rear part of the electric vehicle 1 in a state of being completely covered by a weatherproof cover.
  • This weather-resistant cover is provided in order to prevent rainwater, foreign matter (for example, insects) and the like from entering the power supply coil 14.
  • the weather-resistant cover is made of a material that does not prevent non-contact power feeding (for example, plastic or FRP (fiber reinforced plastic)).
  • the power feeding circuit 16 supplies the power from the storage battery 12 to the house 100 in a non-contact manner through an electromagnetic coupling circuit formed by the power feeding coil 14 and the power receiving coil 114. More specifically, the power feeding circuit 16 converts the power (DC power) supplied from the storage battery 12 into AC power having a waveform suitable for non-contact power feeding and supplies the AC power to the power feeding coil 14. Thereby, the non-contact electric power feeding from the electric vehicle 1 with respect to the house 100 is achieved.
  • the power feeding circuit 16 is configured by a circuit in which switching legs (a circuit including two transistors connected in series and a diode connected in parallel to the two transistors) are connected in parallel. The power feeding circuit 16 controls the electric power to be contactlessly fed by performing duty control of the switching leg during power feeding.
  • Duty control refers to the time during which the upper or lower transistor of the switching leg is conducting (conducting state) and the time during which neither the upper or lower transistor of the switching leg is conducting (non-conducting state). It means the control to change the ratio.
  • Duty D means the ratio of the time of conduction state to the total time, that is, the value represented by the equation of time of conduction state / (time of conduction state + time of non-conduction state). .
  • the power receiving circuit 116 converts the received AC power having a waveform suitable for non-contact power feeding into power having a waveform suitable for normal use via an electromagnetic coupling circuit formed by the power feeding coil 14 and the power receiving coil 114.
  • the power receiving circuit 116 is configured by a circuit in which rectifying elements such as diodes are bridge-connected. Examples of configurations of the power feeding circuit 16 and the power receiving circuit 116 are disclosed in Patent Documents 5 and 6.
  • the power prediction device 120 predicts the power required by the house 100. This prediction means is disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 4, for example.
  • the “delay time” described above is the time T from when the power prediction data P1 is output by the power prediction device 120 until the power corresponding to the power prediction data P1 is supplied to the house 100.
  • the delay time T is constant (for example, 2 to 3 seconds)
  • the delay time T is calculated in advance by actual measurement or calculation and stored in the power prediction apparatus 120.
  • the power prediction apparatus 120 predicts “prediction data P1 of power that is temporally advanced by the delay time T” and outputs it as a command value.
  • Prediction data P1 of power preceded by delay time T means prediction data P1 after delay time T.
  • the power prediction device 120 does not predict power prediction data for the current time (ie, 1:10:30)
  • the prediction data of power for the time preceding the current time by the delay time that is, 1:10:33) is predicted.
  • the communication of the power prediction data P1 from the power prediction device 120 to the power supply control device 20 is preferably performed repeatedly during power supply. For example, when the power required by the house 100 changes in a cycle of 1 minute, the power prediction data P1 is predicted every other minute, and communication is repeatedly performed during power feeding.
  • the delay time T when the delay time T is constant, the power that needs to be supplied from the electric vehicle 1 to the house 100 by the power prediction device 120 is preceded by the delay time T considering the transmission delay. Predicted.
  • the predicted power data P ⁇ b> 1 is communicated to the power supply control device 20 via the house communication device 118 and the vehicle communication device 18.
  • the power supply control device 20 supplies power corresponding to the prediction data P ⁇ b> 1 to the power supply coil 14. Therefore, the time delay between the electric power which the house 100 requires and the electric power supplied from the feeding coil 14 can be significantly reduced, and the storage battery capacity on the house side can be greatly reduced.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power supply control device 20 of each electric vehicle 1 stores a delay time T calculated in advance by actual measurement or calculation.
  • the vehicle communication device 18 of the electric vehicle 1 is configured to communicate the stored delay time T to the house communication device 118.
  • Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
  • the delay time T stored by the power supply control device 20 can be communicated from the vehicle communication device 18 to the house communication device 118 before the electric vehicle 1 stops and starts power supply. This communication may be performed only once before the start of power supply, but may be performed a plurality of times.
  • the communication of the power prediction data P1 from the power prediction device 120 to the power supply control device 20 is preferably performed repeatedly during power supply.
  • the power that needs to be supplied from the electric vehicle 1 to the house 100 by the power prediction device 120 takes into account the transmission delay. Predicted by the delay time T.
  • the predicted power data P ⁇ b> 1 is communicated to the power supply control device 20 via the house communication device 118 and the vehicle communication device 18.
  • the power supply control device 20 supplies power corresponding to the prediction data P ⁇ b> 1 to the power supply coil 14. Therefore, the time delay between the electric power which the house 100 requires and the electric power supplied from the feeding coil 14 can be significantly reduced, and the storage battery capacity on the house side can be greatly reduced.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power receiving circuit 116 includes a received power measuring device 117 that measures the received power P2.
  • the power predicting device 120 is configured to measure the delay time T from the received power P2 measured by the received power measuring device 117.
  • Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
  • a specific circuit configuration for power measurement is disclosed in Patent Document 7, for example.
  • the received power measuring device 117 measures the received power P2 that changes from moment to moment, and transmits the measurement result to the power predicting device 120. Therefore, the delay time T can be actually measured by the power prediction device 120. Further, when the power prediction data P1 changes (increases or decreases), the delay time T can always be accurately measured by setting the time difference until the received power P2 increases or decreases as the delay time T.
  • the power feeding coil 14 and the power receiving coil 114 form an electromagnetic coupling circuit at a preset separation distance. Therefore, necessary power can be supplied from the electric vehicle 1 to the house 100 by non-contact power feeding between the power feeding coil 14 and the power receiving coil 114, and the power cable connection work is not necessary. Therefore, it is possible to essentially avoid the occurrence of electrical connection failure accompanying the connection / disconnection of the power cable. Further, the power prediction device 120 predicts the power that needs to be supplied from the electric vehicle 1 to the house 100 by the delay time T in consideration of the transmission delay, and the power prediction data P1 is communicated with the house communication device 118 and the vehicle communication.
  • the power supply control device 20 communicates with the power supply control device 20 via the device 18, and supplies power corresponding to the prediction data P ⁇ b> 1 to the power supply coil 14. Therefore, the time delay between the electric power required for the house 100 and the electric power supplied from the feeding coil 14 can be greatly reduced, and the storage battery capacity on the house 100 side can be greatly reduced.
  • the electromagnetic coupling circuit is not limited to the “electromagnetic induction method” and the “magnetic field resonance method” as long as non-contact power supply from the power supply coil to the power reception coil can be achieved.
  • the power supply system for a house it is possible to supply necessary power from an electric vehicle to the house, and it is possible to substantially avoid a poor electrical connection due to connection / disconnection of a power cable, and to transmit power.
  • the delay can be greatly reduced, and the storage battery capacity on the house side can be greatly reduced.
  • Power supply control device 100 houses, 114 power receiving coil, 116 power receiving circuit, 117 Receiving power measuring device, 118 House communication device, 120 power prediction device, P1 prediction data, P2 received power, T delay time

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Abstract

電力予測装置（１２０）により電気自動車（１）から家屋（１００）へ供給を必要とする電力を、送電遅れを考慮した遅れ時間（Ｔ）だけ先行して予測し、前記電力の予測データ（Ｐ１）を家屋通信装置（１１８）と車両通信装置（１８）を介して給電制御装置（２０）に通信し、且つ給電制御装置（２０）により予測データ（Ｐ１）に相当する電力を給電コイル（１４）に供給する家屋用電力供給システムに関する。

Description

家屋用電力供給システム
　本発明は、電気自動車から家屋に電力を供給可能な家屋用電力供給システムに関する。本願は、２０１２年４月１１日に日本に出願された日本国特願２０１２－０９００９２号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
　電気自動車（ＥＶ：Ｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃ　Ｖｅｈｉｃｌｅ）や、いわゆるプラグイン・ハイブリッド自動車と呼ばれるハイブリッド自動車（ＨＶ：Ｈｙｂｒｉｄ　Ｖｅｈｉｃｌｅ）は、動力発生源として容量が大きく再充電が可能な蓄電池（例えば、リチウムイオン電池やニッケル水素電池等の二次電池）を備えている。以下、このような蓄電池を備えた車両を、単に「電気自動車」と呼ぶ。
　電気自動車の普及に伴い、電気自動車を移動手段以外の用途として用いる（例えば夜間電力の利用や非常電源として用いる）ことが提案されている（例えば特許文献１～３）。またこれと関連して、家庭内電気機器の使用パターンを予測し、この予測結果に基づき各電気機器を運転制御することが提案されている（例えば特許文献４）。また、本発明の関連技術が特許文献５～７に開示されている。
日本国特開平１１－１７８２３４号公報 日本国特開２００８－５４４３９号公報 日本国特開２００９－２９６８８０号公報 日本国特開２００１－５４１７６号公報 日本国特開２００９－２２５５５１号公報 日本国特開２００８－２３６９１６号公報 日本国特開２０１０－２２６８９１号公報
　電気自動車から家屋へ電力を供給するためには、電気自動車と家屋とを電力ケーブルによって電気的に接続する必要がある。電気自動車及び家屋の接続を行うには、電力ケーブルのプラグを家屋又は電気自動車に設けられたコンセントに手作業で嵌合させる必要がある。この手作業は、車外或いは屋外の快適とは言い難い環境（例えば、寒い環境、暑い環境、又は暗い環境）で行わなければならない場合がある。
　上記プラグやコンセントは、車外或いは屋外に設けられる。このため、雨水や異物（例えば、虫）が上記プラグや上記コンセントに侵入し、接触不良やショート等の電気的な接続不良を生じる可能性がある。
　また、従来のシステムでは、電気自動車から家屋に送電されるまでに時間遅れが発生する場合がある。この場合、家屋で必要とする電力と、電気自動車から供給する電力とが一致せず、電力供給の過不足が発生する可能性がある。上記過不足の発生を防止するために、家屋側に蓄電池を設けることが考えられる。この場合、蓄電池の設置やメンテナンスに余分な負担が発生するという問題点がある。
　本発明は、上述した問題点を解決するために創案されたものである。すなわち、本発明の目的の一つは、電気自動車から家屋へ必要な電力を供給することができ、電力ケーブルの接続作業を不要とすることにより電力ケーブルの接続・取り外しにともなう電気的な接続不良を本質的に回避でき、送電遅れを大幅に低減でき、且つ家屋側の蓄電池容量を大幅に小さくできる家屋用電力供給システムを提供することである。
　本発明に係る一態様によれば、電気自動車から家屋へ電力を供給する家屋用電力供給システムであって、前記電気自動車は、蓄電池と、給電コイルと、前記蓄電池を電源として非接触給電に適した電圧電流波形で前記給電コイルを駆動する給電回路と、車両通信装置と、前記給電回路を制御する給電制御装置と、を備えている。また、前記家屋は、受電コイルと、前記受電コイルから前記家屋内に電力を受電する受電回路と、前記車両通信装置と通信可能な家屋通信装置と、前記家屋で必要とする電力を予測する電力予測装置と、を備えている。また、前記給電コイルと前記受電コイルとは、予め設定された離間距離において電磁気結合回路を形成するよう構成されている。また、前記電力予測装置は、前記電気自動車から前記家屋へ供給を必要とする電力を送電遅れを考慮した遅れ時間だけ先行して予測し、前記電力の予測データを前記家屋通信装置と前記車両通信装置を介して前記給電制御装置に通信するよう構成されている。更に、前記給電制御装置は前記電力の前記予測データに相当する電力を前記給電コイルに供給するよう構成されている。
　上記本発明に係る一態様によれば、給電コイルと受電コイルとが、予め設定された離間距離において電磁気結合回路を形成する。これにより、給電コイル及び受電コイル間の非接触給電により電気自動車から家屋へ必要な電力を供給することができ、電力ケーブルの接続作業が不要となる。従って、電力ケーブルの接続・取り外しにともなう電気的な接続不良の発生を本質的に回避できる。また、前記電力予測装置により電気自動車から家屋へ供給を必要とする電力が送電遅れを考慮した遅れ時間だけ先行して予測され、前記電力の予測データが家屋通信装置と車両通信装置を介して給電制御装置に通信され、且つ給電制御装置が予測データに相当する電力を給電コイルに供給する。従って、家屋が必要とする電力と給電コイルから供給される電力との間の時間遅れを大幅に低減でき、家屋側の蓄電池容量を大幅に小さくできる。
本発明の第１実施形態を示すブロック図である。 本発明の第２実施形態を示すブロック図である。 本発明の第３実施形態を示すブロック図である。
　以下、本発明の好ましい実施形態を添付図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。なお、各図において共通する部分には同一の符号を付し、重複した説明を省略する。
（第１実施形態）
　図１は、本発明の第１実施形態を示すブロック図である。図１には、電気自動車１から家屋１００へ電力を供給する家屋用電力供給システムが示されている。
　電気自動車１は、蓄電池１２と、給電コイル１４と、蓄電池１２を電源として非接触給電に適した電圧電流波形で給電コイル１４を駆動する給電回路１６と、車両通信装置１８と、給電回路１６を制御する給電制御装置２０と、を備えている。
　家屋１００は、受電コイル１１４と、受電コイル１１４から家屋１００内に電力を受電する受電回路１１６と、車両通信装置１８と通信可能な家屋通信装置１１８と、家屋１００で必要とする電力を予測する電力予測装置１２０と、を備えている。
　給電コイル１４と受電コイル１１４とは、予め設定された離間距離において電磁気結合回路を形成するように構成されている。上記離間距離は１つの値ではなく、例えば１０ｃｍ以上、３０ｃｍ以下というように値の範囲であってもよい。
　給電制御装置２０は、給電回路１６を制御し、電力の予測データＰ１に相当する電力を給電コイル１４に供給する。
　上述した構成により、電力予測装置１２０は、電気自動車１から家屋１００へ供給を必要とする電力を、送電遅れを考慮した遅れ時間Ｔだけ先行して予測する。電力予測装置１２０は、予測された電力の予測データＰ１を家屋通信装置１１８と車両通信装置１８を介して給電制御装置２０に通信する。また、給電制御装置２０は、予測データＰ１に相当する電力を給電コイル１４に供給する。
　図１に示すように、電気自動車１は、家屋１００に近接した状態で、家屋１００内に電力供給することが可能である。「近接した状態」は、給電コイル１４と受電コイル１１４が予め設定された離間距離である状態であり、給電コイル１４から受電コイル１１４へ非接触給電可能な距離である。
　蓄電池１２は、電気自動車１に搭載された再充電が可能な電池（例えば、リチウムイオン電池やニッケル水素電池等の二次電池）である。蓄電池１２は、電気自動車を動かすモータ（図示せず）を駆動するための電力を供給する。
　給電コイル１４は、この例では、電気自動車１の後部に設けられ、蓄電池１２からの電力を家屋１００に非接触で給電するためのコイルである。給電コイル１４が家屋１００に設けられた受電コイル１１４に近接することによって、給電コイル１４及び受電コイル１１４との間に電磁気結合回路が形成される。この電磁気結合回路は、給電コイル１４と受電コイル１１４とが電磁気的に結合して給電コイル１４から受電コイル１１４への非接触の給電が行われる回路を意味している。上記電磁気結合回路は、「電磁誘導方式」で給電を行う回路と、「磁界共鳴方式」で給電を行う回路との何れでも良い。
　給電コイル１４は、耐候性カバーによって完全に覆われた状態で、電気自動車１の後部に設けられている。この耐候性カバーは、給電コイル１４に雨水や異物（例えば、虫）等の侵入することを防止するために設けられている。上記耐候性カバーは、非接触での給電を妨げない材料（例えば、プラスチックやＦＲＰ（繊維強化プラスチック））で形成されている。
　給電回路１６は、蓄電池１２からの電力を、給電コイル１４と受電コイル１１４とによって形成される電磁気結合回路を介して非接触で家屋１００に供給する。より具体的には、給電回路１６は、蓄電池１２から供給される電力（直流電力）を非接触給電に適した波形の交流電力に変換して給電コイル１４に与える。これにより、家屋１００に対する電気自動車１からの非接触給電を達成している。給電回路１６は、スイッチングレッグ（直列接続された２つのトランジスタと、これら２つのトランジスタにそれぞれ並列接続されたダイオードとからなる回路）が並列接続された回路により構成されている。給電回路１６は、スイッチングレッグのデューティ制御を給電中に実施することによりに、非接触給電される電力を制御する。「デューティ制御」とは、スイッチングレッグの上側又は下側のトランジスタが導通している時間（導通状態）と、スイッチングレッグの上側及び下側のいずれのトランジスタも導通していない時間（非導通状態）と、の比率を変化させる制御を意味している。なお「デューティＤ」とは、導通状態の時間の全体の時間に対する比率、すなわち、導通状態の時間／（導通状態の時間＋非導通状態の時間）の式で表される値を意味している。
　受電回路１１６は、給電コイル１４と受電コイル１１４とによって形成される電磁気結合回路を介して、受電した非接触給電に適した波形の交流電力を通常の使用に適した波形の電力に変換する。受電回路１１６は、ダイオードなどの整流素子がブリッジ接続された回路により構成されている。給電回路１６及び受電回路１１６の構成例は、特許文献５及び６に開示されている。
　電力予測装置１２０は、家屋１００で必要とする電力を予測する。この予測手段は、例えば特許文献２及び４に開示されている。
　上述した「遅れ時間」は、電力予測装置１２０による電力の予測データＰ１の出力時から電力の予測データＰ１に相当する電力が家屋１００へ供給されるまでの時間Ｔである。
　第１実施形態では、遅れ時間Ｔが一定（例えば２～３秒間）である場合、遅れ時間Ｔは、予め実測又は計算により算出され、電力予測装置１２０に記憶される。電力予測装置１２０は、「遅れ時間Ｔだけ時間的に先行した電力の予測データＰ１」を予測し、指令値として出力する。「遅れ時間Ｔだけ時間的に先行した電力の予測データＰ１」は、遅れ時間Ｔ後の予測データＰ１を意味している。例えば、遅れ時間Ｔが３秒であり現在時刻が１時１０分３０秒の場合、電力予測装置１２０は、現在時刻（すなわち１時１０分３０秒）に対する電力の予測データを予測するのではなく、現在時刻から遅れ時間だけ先行した時刻（すなわち１時１０分３３秒）に対する電力の予測データを予測する。電力予測装置１２０から給電制御装置２０への電力の予測データＰ１の通信は、給電中に繰り返して実施するのがよい。例えば、家屋１００が必要とする電力が１分周期で変化する場合、１分おきに電力の予測データＰ１を予測し直し、給電中に繰り返し通信する。
　上述した第１実施形態の構成により、遅れ時間Ｔが一定である場合に、電力予測装置１２０により電気自動車１から家屋１００へ供給を必要とする電力は、送電遅れを考慮した遅れ時間Ｔだけ先行して予測される。前記電力の予測データＰ１は、家屋通信装置１１８と車両通信装置１８を介して給電制御装置２０に通信される。また、給電制御装置２０は、予測データＰ１に相当する電力を給電コイル１４に供給する。従って、家屋１００が必要とする電力と給電コイル１４から供給される電力との間の時間遅れを大幅に低減でき、家屋側の蓄電池容量を大幅に小さくできる。
（第２実施形態）
　図２は、本発明の第２実施形態を示すブロック図である。本実施形態では、各電気自動車１の給電制御装置２０は、予め実測又は計算により算出した遅れ時間Ｔを記憶している。また、電気自動車１の車両通信装置１８は、記憶した遅れ時間Ｔを家屋通信装置１１８に通信するように構成されている。その他の構成は、第１実施形態と同様である。
　上述した構成により、電気自動車１が停止して給電を開始する前に、給電制御装置２０が記憶した遅れ時間Ｔを車両通信装置１８から家屋通信装置１１８に通信することができる。この通信は、給電開始前に１回だけ実施してもよいが、複数回実施してもよい。電力予測装置１２０から給電制御装置２０への電力の予測データＰ１の通信は、給電中に繰り返して実施するのがよい。
　第２実施形態の構成に依れば、電気自動車１ごとに遅れ時間Ｔが相違する場合でも、電力予測装置１２０により電気自動車１から家屋１００へ供給を必要とする電力が、送電遅れを考慮した遅れ時間Ｔだけ先行して予測される。前記電力の予測データＰ１は、家屋通信装置１１８と車両通信装置１８を介して給電制御装置２０に通信される。また、給電制御装置２０は、予測データＰ１に相当する電力を給電コイル１４に供給する。従って、家屋１００が必要とする電力と給電コイル１４から供給される電力との間の時間遅れを大幅に低減でき、家屋側の蓄電池容量を大幅に小さくできる。
（第３実施形態）
　図３は、本発明の第３実施形態を示すブロック図である。本実施形態では、受電回路１１６が、受電電力Ｐ２を計測する受電電力測定装置１１７を有している。また電力予測装置１２０は、受電電力測定装置１１７で計測した受電電力Ｐ２から、遅れ時間Ｔを実測するように構成されている。その他の構成は、第１実施形態と同様である。なお、電力測定の具体的な回路構成は、例えば特許文献７に開示されている。
　上述した第３実施形態の構成に依れば、受電電力測定装置１１７は、時々刻々に変化する受電電力Ｐ２を計測し、計測結果を電力予測装置１２０に送信する。従って、電力予測装置１２０により遅れ時間Ｔを実測することができる。また、電力の予測データＰ１が変化（増加または減少）した場合、受電電力Ｐ２が増加または減少するまでの時間差を遅れ時間Ｔとすることにより、遅れ時間Ｔを常に正確に測定することができる。
　上述した実施形態によれば、給電コイル１４と受電コイル１１４とが、予め設定された離間距離において電磁気結合回路を形成している。このため、給電コイル１４及び受電コイル１１４間の非接触給電により電気自動車１から家屋１００へ必要な電力を供給することができ、電力ケーブルの接続作業が不要となる。従って、電力ケーブルの接続・取り外しにともなう電気的な接続不良の発生を本質的に回避することができる。また、電力予測装置１２０により電気自動車１から家屋１００へ供給を必要とする電力が送電遅れを考慮した遅れ時間Ｔだけ先行して予測され、前記電力の予測データＰ１が家屋通信装置１１８と車両通信装置１８を介して給電制御装置２０に通信され、且つ給電制御装置２０は予測データＰ１に相当する電力を給電コイル１４に供給する。従って、家屋１００が必要とする電力と給電コイル１４から供給される電力との間の時間遅れを大幅に低減でき、家屋１００側の蓄電池容量を大幅に小さくできる。
　なお、本発明は上述した実施形態に限定されない。本発明は、特許請求の範囲の記載によって示され、さらに特許請求の範囲の記載と均等の意味および範囲内でのすべての変更を含む。電磁気結合回路は、給電コイルから受電コイルへの非接触の給電を達成できる方式であれば、「電磁誘導方式」および「磁界共鳴方式」に限定されない。
　本発明に係る家屋用電力供給システムに依れば、電気自動車から家屋へ必要な電力を供給することができ、電力ケーブルの接続・取り外しにともなう電気的な接続不良を本質的に回避でき、送電遅れを大幅に低減でき、且つ家屋側の蓄電池容量を大幅に小さくできる。
　１　電気自動車、
　１２　蓄電池、
　１４　給電コイル、
　１６　給電回路、
　１８　車両通信装置、
　２０　給電制御装置、
　１００　家屋、
　１１４　受電コイル、
　１１６　受電回路、
　１１７　受電電力測定装置、
　１１８　家屋通信装置、
　１２０　電力予測装置、
　Ｐ１　予測データ、
　Ｐ２　受電電力、
　Ｔ　遅れ時間

Claims (4)

  1. 　電気自動車から家屋へ電力を供給する家屋用電力供給システムであって、
    　前記電気自動車は、蓄電池と、給電コイルと、前記蓄電池を電源として非接触給電に適した電圧電流波形で前記給電コイルを駆動する給電回路と、車両通信装置と、前記給電回路を制御する給電制御装置と、を備え、
    　前記家屋は、受電コイルと、前記受電コイルから前記家屋内に電力を受電する受電回路と、前記車両通信装置と通信可能な家屋通信装置と、前記家屋で必要とする電力を予測する電力予測装置と、を備え、
    　前記給電コイルと前記受電コイルとは、予め設定された離間距離において電磁気結合回路を形成するよう構成されており、
    　前記電力予測装置は、前記電気自動車から前記家屋へ供給を必要とする電力を送電遅れを考慮した遅れ時間だけ先行して予測し、前記電力の予測データを前記家屋通信装置と前記車両通信装置を介して前記給電制御装置に通信するよう構成されており、
    　前記給電制御装置は前記電力の前記予測データに相当する電力を前記給電コイルに供給するよう構成されている家屋用電力供給システム。
  2. 　前記遅れ時間は、前記電力予測装置による前記電力の予測データの出力時から前記予測データに相当する電力が前記家屋へ供給されるまでの時間である請求項１に記載の家屋用電力供給システム。
  3. 　各電気自動車の前記給電制御装置は、予め実測又は計算により算出した前記遅れ時間を記憶しており、前記車両通信装置は前記家屋通信装置に記憶した遅れ時間を通信するよう構成されている請求項２に記載の家屋用電力供給システム。
  4. 　前記受電回路は、受電電力を計測する受電電力測定装置を有し、
    　前記電力予測装置は、前記遅れ時間を実測するよう構成されている請求項２に記載の家屋用電力供給システム。
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