WO2013150774A1 - 復号装置及び復号方法 - Google Patents
復号装置及び復号方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013150774A1 WO2013150774A1 PCT/JP2013/002261 JP2013002261W WO2013150774A1 WO 2013150774 A1 WO2013150774 A1 WO 2013150774A1 JP 2013002261 W JP2013002261 W JP 2013002261W WO 2013150774 A1 WO2013150774 A1 WO 2013150774A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/08—Error detection or correction by redundancy in data representation, e.g. by using checking codes
- G06F11/10—Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out 9's or 11's
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
- G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
- G11B20/10009—Improvement or modification of read or write signals
- G11B20/10305—Improvement or modification of read or write signals signal quality assessment
- G11B20/10361—Improvement or modification of read or write signals signal quality assessment digital demodulation process
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
- G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
- G11B20/18—Error detection or correction; Testing, e.g. of drop-outs
- G11B20/1833—Error detection or correction; Testing, e.g. of drop-outs by adding special lists or symbols to the coded information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/29—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes combining two or more codes or code structures, e.g. product codes, generalised product codes, concatenated codes, inner and outer codes
- H03M13/2957—Turbo codes and decoding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/37—Decoding methods or techniques, not specific to the particular type of coding provided for in groups H03M13/03 - H03M13/35
- H03M13/45—Soft decoding, i.e. using symbol reliability information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/63—Joint error correction and other techniques
- H03M13/6343—Error control coding in combination with techniques for partial response channels, e.g. recording
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/65—Purpose and implementation aspects
- H03M13/6577—Representation or format of variables, register sizes or word-lengths and quantization
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/03—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words
- H03M13/05—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits
- H03M13/11—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits using multiple parity bits
- H03M13/1102—Codes on graphs and decoding on graphs, e.g. low-density parity check [LDPC] codes
- H03M13/1105—Decoding
- H03M13/1111—Soft-decision decoding, e.g. by means of message passing or belief propagation algorithms
Definitions
- the present invention performs error correction coding on input data according to a predetermined error correction coding method, and a coded sequence generated by performing modulation coding according to a predetermined modulation rule via a channel.
- the present invention relates to a decoding apparatus and decoding method for decoding the encoded signal obtained in
- turbo codes or LDPC codes low density parity check codes
- LDPC codes low density parity check codes
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the configuration of a conventional recording and reproducing apparatus that handles soft decision values.
- the recording and reproducing apparatus 101 includes an encoding unit 102, a PR (partial response) communication path 103, and a decoding unit 104.
- the coding unit 102 includes an error correction coding unit 111 and a modulation coding unit 112.
- the error correction coding unit 111 generates an error correction code sequence by adding a parity sequence to the input user data sequence based on a predetermined rule.
- the modulation encoding unit 112 encodes the input error correction code sequence into a predetermined modulation code based on a predetermined modulation rule, and outputs the modulation code to which a predetermined restriction is added to the PR channel 103 as a coding sequence. .
- predetermined restriction for example, DC free restriction to equalize the number of “0” and “1” of the code within a sufficiently long range, or the minimum length and the maximum length of the number of consecutive “0s” are respectively d And (d, k) restrictions etc. which become k are used.
- the PR channel 103 includes a recording / reproducing unit 113 and an equalization processing unit 114.
- the PR communication channel 103 performs, for example, recording processing or reproduction processing on a recording / reproducing channel of PR2 (Partial Response class-2: partial response class 2).
- the recording / reproducing unit 113 performs NRZI (non return to zero inverted) coding on the coded sequence input from the modulation coding unit 112, and a NRZI coded signal is mounted on a recording medium or a recording medium incorporated therein. On the edge using the Mark Edge Recording method.
- the recording / reproducing unit 113 reads out the encoded signal recorded on the recording medium using the PR2 channel, and supplies the read encoded signal to the equalization processing unit 114.
- the equalization processing unit 114 performs PR (Partial Response) equalization processing using waveform interference on the encoded signal supplied from the recording and reproduction unit 113 so as to obtain a predetermined target equalization characteristic, and decodes the signal. It supplies to the part 104.
- PR Physical Response
- the decoding unit 104 includes a PR-SISO decoding unit 115, a SISO demodulation unit 116, and an error correction decoding unit 117.
- the PR-SISO decoding unit 115 performs predetermined decoding processing on the encoded signal supplied from the equalization processing unit 114, and outputs a soft decision value.
- SISO is an abbreviation of Soft-Input Soft-Output, and means a process of inputting / outputting a soft decision value.
- the PR-SISO decoding unit 115 is a trellis representation in which a state transition table representing an encoding process at each time is developed in time series from the encoded signal from the PR channel 103 based on the NRZI encoding and the PR2 channel. The probability calculation is performed based on the obtained and obtained trellis expression, and reliability information is calculated as a soft decision value.
- the SISO demodulator 116 calculates reliability information modulated and decoded using a trellis based on the modulation rule of the modulation encoder 112.
- the calculation of the reliability information using the trellis by the PR-SISO decoding unit 115 and the SISO demodulation unit 116 is executed by, for example, a BCJR (Bahl-Cocke-Jeinek-Raviv) algorithm.
- the error correction decoding unit 117 uses, for example, turbo decoding.
- the error correction decoding unit 117 performs error correction by performing turbo decoding corresponding to the turbo code used in the error correction coding unit 111.
- Patent Document 1 also presents an example of error correction decoding using an LDPC code.
- the reliability information is a logarithmic ratio of the decoding probability of the symbol or the minimum unit of information.
- the minimum unit of information is, for example, a binary code, that is, a bit representing "0" and "1", or a multi-valued element.
- Patent Document 2 shows a Sum-Product algorithm that realizes decoding by an LDPC code.
- Non-Patent Document 1 shows an example of soft decision decoding using a trellis based on a PR channel and a modulation rule in signal processing of an optical disk.
- the reliability information calculated by the SISO demodulator 116 shown in FIG. It may not have a correlation with the noise distribution of the channel. For example, distribution bias may occur such that the reliability information is widely distributed.
- a modulation rule that limits the appearance pattern of symbols of transmission information can be considered. For example, distribution bias may occur such that the reliability information is widely distributed.
- Such distribution bias may include erroneous bits with high reliability. This is because, for example, when one modulation pattern is demodulated as another modulation pattern, SISO demodulation is performed as a modulation pattern having high reliability despite the fact that an error is included.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and it is possible to provide a decoding device and a decoding method that can prevent the occurrence of high-reliability error bits and can improve decoding performance. Purpose.
- a decoding apparatus performs coding on an input data using error correction coding according to a predetermined error correction coding scheme, and a coding sequence generated by performing modulation coding using a predetermined modulation rule.
- a decoding apparatus for decoding a coded signal obtained by passing through a communication channel, and based on the characteristics of the communication channel and the predetermined modulation rule, the coded signal obtained from the communication channel is at least
- a reliability information calculation unit that calculates reliability information having a non-linear relationship with the noise distribution of the communication path in part or all, and reliability information that corrects the reliability information calculated by the reliability information calculation unit
- a correction unit and an error correction decoding unit that performs error correction decoding on the reliability information corrected by the reliability information correction unit.
- the reliability information calculation unit is based on the characteristics of the channel and the predetermined modulation rule from the encoded signal obtained from the channel, and at least in part or all of the noise distribution of the channel is nonlinear. Calculate reliability information that has a relationship.
- the reliability information correction unit corrects the reliability information calculated by the reliability information calculation unit.
- the error correction decoding unit performs error correction decoding on the reliability information corrected by the reliability information correction unit.
- reliability information having a non-linear relationship with the noise distribution of the communication channel is corrected at least in part or all, so that generation of high-reliability error bits can be prevented. Can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a decoding apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the decoding device 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 includes an encoding unit 2, a PR (partial response) channel 3, and a decoding unit 4.
- the decoding apparatus 1 performs error correction coding on input data according to a predetermined error correction coding scheme, and a coding sequence generated by performing modulation coding according to a predetermined modulation rule on the PR channel 3
- the encoded signal obtained by passing through is decoded.
- the encoding unit 2 includes an error correction encoding unit 11 and a modulation encoding unit 12.
- the error correction coding unit 11 performs error correction coding on input data according to a predetermined error correction coding scheme, and outputs a coded sequence on which the error correction coding has been performed.
- the error correction coding unit 11 generates an error correction code sequence by using a user data sequence as an input and applying a parity sequence based on a predetermined rule.
- the error correction coding unit 11 performs coding based on, for example, an LDPC code.
- the modulation coding unit 12 performs modulation coding on the coded sequence on which the error correction coding has been performed according to a predetermined modulation rule.
- Modulation coding section 12 receives the error correction code sequence as input, encodes it into a predetermined modulation code based on a predetermined modulation rule, and outputs the modulation code to which a predetermined restriction is added as PR as a coding sequence to PR channel 3 Do.
- predetermined restriction for example, DC free restriction to equalize the number of “0” and “1” of the code within a sufficiently long range, or the minimum length and the maximum length of the number of consecutive “0s” are respectively d And (d, k) restrictions etc. which become k are used.
- the PR channel 3 includes a recording / reproducing unit 13 and an equalization processing unit 14.
- the PR channel 3 performs, for example, recording processing or reproduction processing on the recording / reproducing channel of PR2.
- the recording / reproducing unit 13 records the modulation-coded coded sequence on the recording medium, or reproduces the coded signal recorded on the recording medium.
- the recording / reproducing unit 13 NRZI encodes the encoded sequence input from the modulation encoding unit 12 and applies the NRZI encoded signal to the recording medium mounted or the recording medium incorporated therein. Record using.
- the recording / reproducing unit 13 reads the encoded signal recorded on the recording medium by the PR2 channel, and supplies the read encoded signal to the equalization processing unit 14.
- the type of partial response of the recording / reproducing unit 13 is, for example, PR121, PR1221, PR12221 or PR122221.
- the equalization processing unit 14 performs predetermined equalization processing on the encoded signal reproduced by the recording and reproduction unit 13.
- the equalization processing unit 14 performs PR equalization processing using waveform interference on the encoded signal supplied from the recording and reproduction unit 13 so as to obtain a predetermined target equalization characteristic, and supplies the coded signal to the decoding unit 4. Do.
- the decoding unit 4 includes a reliability calculation unit 5, a reliability correction unit 17, and an error correction decoding unit 18.
- the reliability calculation unit 5 is based on the characteristics of the PR channel 3 and the predetermined modulation rule from the encoded signal obtained from the PR channel 3 and at least in part or all of the noise distribution of the PR channel 3 in non-linear fashion. Calculate reliability information that has a relationship.
- the reliability calculation unit 5 calculates reliability information based on the characteristics of the PR channel 3 and a predetermined modulation rule from the encoded signal which has been subjected to equalization processing by the equalization processing unit 14.
- the reliability calculation unit 5 includes a PR-SISO decoding unit 15 and a SISO demodulation unit 16.
- the PR-SISO decoding unit 15 calculates reliability information from the signal supplied from the equalization processing unit 14 using a trellis based on the characteristics of the PR channel 3.
- the SISO demodulation unit 16 calculates the reliability information from the reliability information supplied from the PR-SISO decoding unit 15 by a trellis based on the modulation rule used when modulation coding is performed by the modulation coding unit 12. .
- the reliability calculation unit 5 includes the PR-SISO decoding unit 15 and the SISO demodulation unit 16, the present invention is not particularly limited to this, and the reliability calculation unit 5 may, for example, perform PR of the PR channel 3.
- a PR demodulation-SISO decoding unit may be provided which calculates reliability information based on a trellis obtained by combining a characteristic trellis and a modulation trellis.
- the reliability calculation unit 5 supplies, for example, reliability information with a wide distribution to the reliability correction unit 17.
- the reliability correction unit 17 corrects the reliability information calculated by the reliability calculation unit 5.
- the error correction decoding unit 18 performs error correction decoding on the reliability information corrected by the reliability correction unit 17.
- the decoding device 1 corresponds to an example of the decoding device
- the PR communication channel 3 corresponds to an example of a communication channel
- the reliability calculation unit 5 corresponds to an example of a reliability information calculation unit.
- the reliability correction unit 17 corresponds to an example of the reliability information correction unit
- the error correction decoding unit 18 corresponds to an example of the error correction decoding unit
- the error correction coding unit 11 corresponds to an example of the error correction coding unit.
- the modulation coding unit 12 corresponds to an example of the modulation coding unit
- the recording / reproducing unit 13 corresponds to an example of the recording or reproduction unit
- the equalization processing unit 14 corresponds to an example of the equalization processing unit.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining the decoding operation of the decoding device in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- step S ⁇ b> 1 the reliability calculation unit 5 acquires the encoded signal on which equalization processing has been performed by the equalization processing unit 14 of the PR channel 3.
- the reliability calculation unit 5 calculates reliability information based on the characteristics of the PR channel 3 and a predetermined modulation rule from the encoded signal subjected to equalization processing by the equalization processing unit 14. calculate.
- the reliability calculation unit 5 decodes the coded signal using a trellis based on a predetermined modulation rule. That is, the input data is a series of pre-modulation symbols, which is a set of minimum units of information.
- the reliability calculation unit 5 determines that the number of combinations of pre-modulation symbols to be decoded of modulation symbols generated by performing modulation encoding on the pre-modulation symbols is not equal to the probability of being decoded among the decoding targets.
- the PR-SISO decoding unit 15 calculates reliability information from the encoded signal supplied from the equalization processing unit 14 by using a trellis based on the characteristics of the PR channel 3.
- the SISO demodulation unit 16 calculates the reliability information from the reliability information supplied from the PR-SISO decoding unit 15 by a trellis based on the modulation rule used when modulation coding is performed by the modulation coding unit 12. .
- step S3 the reliability correction unit 17 corrects the reliability information calculated by the reliability calculation unit 5.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining correction processing by the reliability correction unit.
- the horizontal axis represents the input value to the reliability correction unit 17, and the vertical axis represents the correction value output from the reliability correction unit 17.
- the reliability correction unit 17 monotonously increases the correction value with respect to the input value and the input value moves away from the origin
- the reliability information is corrected so that the amount of change of the correction value decreases as This makes it possible to prevent an adverse effect when the large reliability information is erroneous.
- the reliability correction unit 17 may set the absolute value of the positive threshold and the absolute value of the negative threshold that are identical to each other. In this case, the reliability correction unit 17 replaces the absolute value of the positive input value exceeding the absolute value of the positive threshold value with the absolute value of the positive threshold value, and the absolute value of the negative input value exceeding the absolute value of the negative threshold value. Correct the confidence information to replace the value with the negative threshold absolute value.
- the absolute value of the positive threshold is not more than half the average of the absolute values of the positive reliability information
- the absolute value of the negative threshold is 2 of the average of the absolute values of the negative reliability information. It is preferable that it is less than one-half.
- the lower limit of the absolute value of the positive threshold and the absolute value of the negative threshold is not particularly set.
- the reliability correction unit 17 sets a half or less of the average of the absolute values of the reliability information as a threshold, and when there is reliability information exceeding the threshold, replaces the absolute value of the reliability information with the threshold. .
- the reliability correction unit 17 may set the absolute value of the positive threshold and the absolute value of the negative threshold which are different from each other, for example, when the occurrence frequency of the input data is uneven. In this case, the reliability correction unit 17 replaces the absolute value of the positive input value exceeding the absolute value of the positive threshold value with the absolute value of the positive threshold value, and the absolute value of the negative input value exceeding the absolute value of the negative threshold value. Correct the confidence information to replace the value with the negative threshold absolute value.
- the absolute value of the positive threshold is not more than half the average of the absolute values of the positive reliability information, and the absolute value of the negative threshold is 2 of the average of the absolute values of the negative reliability information. It is preferable that it is less than one-half.
- the lower limit of the absolute value of the positive threshold and the absolute value of the negative threshold is not particularly set.
- the reliability correction unit 17 After performing the above-described correction processing, the reliability correction unit 17 outputs the corrected reliability information to the error correction decoding unit 18.
- the reliability information is, for example, a logarithmic ratio of the decoding probability of bits. Therefore, in LDPC decoding, reliability information in the vicinity of the origin that makes it impossible to determine whether an error is probabilistically contributes significantly to the decoding result, and the influence on the decoding result decreases as the value of the reliability information deviates from the origin . This was easily confirmed also by the LDPC decoding simulation which provided the upper limit to the reliability information by the inventors.
- the reliability correction unit 17 sets, for example, a value larger than one half of the average of the absolute values of the positive reliability information to the absolute value of the positive threshold, and the negative reliability information Even if a value larger than half the average of the absolute value of is set to the absolute value of the negative threshold value, it does not greatly affect the decoding result.
- this can prevent the occurrence of an erroneous bit having high reliability information due to the influence of a channel or a modulation rule. As a result, it is possible to improve the LDPC decoding performance by avoiding the failure of the LDPC decoding.
- step S4 the error correction decoding unit 18 receives the reliability information corrected by the reliability correction unit 17 as input, and executes, for example, LDPC decoding according to the Sum-Product algorithm.
- the reliability information input to the error correction decoding unit 18 is suppressed from having a high absolute value by the correction of the reliability correction unit 17, the high reliability information corresponds to the error bit. You can prevent that.
- the reliability information input to the reliability correction unit 17 may be, for example, two or more types of reliability information based on the hard decision value.
- Decoding apparatus 1 in the first embodiment may be an independent apparatus, or may be a block that performs decoding processing of a recording and reproducing apparatus, or a block that performs decoding processing of an optical communication apparatus. May be
- the decoding device in the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- the decoding apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention records the encoded signal on the recording medium, reproduces the encoded signal from the recording medium, and decodes the reproduced encoded signal.
- the configuration of the decoding apparatus in the second embodiment is the same as the configuration of the decoding apparatus 1 in the first embodiment shown in FIG. Therefore, the decoding apparatus in the second embodiment will be described using FIG. Further, in the second embodiment, the detailed description of the decoding device 1 is omitted, and only the recording operation and the reproduction operation of the decoding device 1 will be described.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the recording operation of the decoding apparatus in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- step S11 the error correction coding unit 11 performs error correction coding on input data according to the LDPC coding method, and outputs a coded signal subjected to error correction coding.
- step S12 the modulation and coding unit 12 performs modulation and coding on the coded signal on which the error correction coding has been performed by the error correction coding unit 11 using a 17PP code.
- the recording and reproducing unit 13 records the encoded signal that has been modulation-coded by the modulation and coding unit 12 on the recording medium.
- the recording / reproducing unit 13 performs NRZI encoding on the encoded signal input from the modulation encoding unit 12 and records the NRZI encoded encoded signal on a recording medium.
- the recording medium is, for example, an optical disc.
- FIG. 5 is a flow chart for explaining the reproduction operation of the decoding apparatus in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- step S21 the recording / reproducing unit 13 reads the encoded signal recorded on the recording medium by the PR2 channel, and supplies the read encoded signal to the equalization processing unit 14.
- step S22 the equalization processing unit 14 performs PR equalization processing using waveform interference so that the encoded signal supplied from the recording and reproduction unit 13 has a predetermined target equalization characteristic. Do.
- step S23 the PR-SISO decoding unit 15 calculates reliability information from the encoded signal supplied from the equalization processing unit 14 using a trellis based on the characteristics of the PR channel 3.
- step S24 the SISO demodulator 16 uses the reliability information supplied from the PR-SISO decoder 15 to generate a trellis based on the modulation rule used when the modulation encoder 12 performs modulation encoding.
- the reliability information is calculated by
- step S25 the reliability correction unit 17 corrects the reliability information supplied from the SISO demodulation unit 16.
- step S26 the error correction decoding unit 18 performs LDPC decoding on the reliability information corrected by the reliability correction unit 17.
- the configuration other than the reliability correction unit 17 is the same as the decoding apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment or the second embodiment, so the operation of the reliability correction unit 17 to be a difference. Will be explained only.
- the configuration other than the reliability correction unit 17 is the same as that of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and therefore the description thereof is omitted.
- the reliability correction unit 17 in the third embodiment sets an absolute value of a positive threshold value to a half or less of the average of the absolute values of the input positive reliability information, and the input negative reliability information. Set the absolute value of the negative threshold to less than half the average of the absolute value of.
- the reliability correction unit 17 individually sets the positive threshold and the negative threshold.
- the reliability correction unit 17 replaces the absolute value of the positive reliability information with the absolute value of the positive threshold when the input reliability information is positive, and the negative when the input reliability information is negative. Replace the absolute value of the reliability information of the with the absolute value of the negative threshold.
- Embodiment 4 The decoding device in the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- the configuration other than the reliability correction unit 17 is the same as the decoding apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment or the second embodiment, so the operation of the reliability correction unit 17 to be a difference. Will be explained only.
- the configuration other than the reliability correction unit 17 is the same as that of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and therefore the description thereof is omitted.
- the reliability correction unit 17 in the fourth embodiment sets a predetermined threshold.
- the reliability correction unit 17 corrects the reliability information so that the absolute value of the input value exceeding the absolute value of the threshold is replaced with the absolute value of the threshold.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the configuration of the decoding apparatus in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the decoding device 21 illustrated in FIG. 6 includes an encoding unit 2, a PR channel 3, and a decoding unit 4.
- the encoding unit 2 includes an error correction encoding unit 11 and a modulation encoding unit 12.
- the PR channel 3 includes a recording / reproducing unit 13 and an equalization processing unit 14.
- the decoding unit 4 includes a reliability calculation unit 5, a reliability correction unit 171, and an error correction decoding unit 181.
- the configuration other than the reliability correction unit 171 and the error correction decoding unit 181 is the same as that in the first embodiment or the second embodiment. Only the configuration and operation of the embodiment 181 will be described.
- the configuration other than the reliability correction unit 171 and the error correction decoding unit 181 is the same as that of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and therefore the description thereof is omitted.
- the error correction decoding unit 181 uses, for example, the number of bit errors based on success or failure of decoding, reliability information before and after correction, statistics, reliability information before and after correction, or reliability information before and after correction. The bit error rate and the like based on this are supplied to the reliability correction unit 171 as an LDPC decoding result.
- the reliability correction unit 171 sets a positive threshold value and a negative threshold value based on the error correction decoding result by the error correction decoding unit 181.
- the reliability correction unit 171 is supplied with the LDPC decoding result from the error correction decoding unit 181, reflects the supplied LDPC decoding result in the correction value, and changes the correction method of the reliability information so that the next decoding does not fail. .
- the reliability correction unit 171 calculates a threshold for correcting the reliability information. Set smaller. As a result, since the dispersion of the reliability information input to the next error correction decoding unit 181 is corrected to be small, there is a high possibility that the next LDPC decoding will be successful.
- the reliability correction unit 171 calculates reliability information.
- the threshold value for correcting H may be set smaller. As a result, since the reliability information input to the next error correction decoding unit 181 is corrected, there is a high possibility that the next LDPC decoding will be successful.
- the reliability correction unit 171 calculates reliability.
- the threshold for correcting the information may be set smaller. As a result, since the reliability information input to the next error correction decoding unit 181 is corrected, there is a high possibility that the next LDPC decoding will be successful.
- the reliability correction unit 171 when an LDPC decoding result that the bit error number or bit error rate based on the reliability information before and after correction is larger than the preset value is supplied from the error correction decoding unit 181, the reliability correction unit 171 The threshold for correcting the reliability information may be set smaller. As a result, since the reliability information input to the next error correction decoding unit 181 is corrected, there is a high possibility that the next LDPC decoding will be successful.
- the reliability correction unit 171 when the LDPC correction result that the bit error number or bit error rate based on the reliability information before and after correction has changed significantly from the previous value is supplied from the error correction decoding unit 181, the reliability correction unit 171 The threshold for correcting the reliability information may be set smaller. As a result, since the reliability information input to the next error correction decoding unit 181 is corrected, there is a high possibility that the next LDPC decoding will be successful.
- the reliability correction unit 171 does not set the threshold smaller than described above, but, for example, with respect to the input value as in the example of the relationship between the input value and the correction value shown in FIG.
- the threshold may be set so that the change in the correction value decreases as the correction value monotonously increases and as the input value moves away from the origin.
- the reliability correction unit 171 sets the absolute value of the positive threshold and the absolute value of the negative threshold to the same value, and sets the absolute value of the positive reliability information exceeding the absolute value of the positive threshold.
- the absolute value of the positive threshold may be replaced, and the absolute value of negative reliability information exceeding the absolute value of the negative threshold may be replaced with the absolute value of the negative threshold.
- the reliability correction unit 171 may set, for example, a half or less of the average of the absolute values of the reliability information as a threshold, and replace the absolute value of the reliability information exceeding the threshold with the threshold.
- the reliability correction unit 171 sets the absolute value of the positive threshold and the absolute value of the negative threshold to different values, and sets the absolute value of the positive reliability information exceeding the absolute value of the positive threshold.
- the absolute value of the positive threshold may be replaced, and the absolute value of negative reliability information exceeding the absolute value of the negative threshold may be replaced with the absolute value of the negative threshold.
- the configuration other than the reliability correction unit 17 is the same as that of the decoding apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment or the second embodiment. Only the operation of the degree correction unit 17 will be described.
- the configuration other than the reliability correction unit 17 is the same as that of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and therefore the description thereof is omitted.
- the reliability correction unit 17 in the sixth embodiment changes the threshold each time the reliability information is input one or more times.
- the reliability correction unit 17 changes the positive threshold and the negative threshold each time the reliability information is input.
- the decoding unit 4 may include a memory that stores an array of threshold values set in advance according to the number of times of inputting the reliability information. In this case, the reliability correction unit 17 reads out from the memory a threshold value corresponding to the number of times of input of the reliability information and sets it.
- the decoding unit 4 may include a memory that stores a table in which the number of times of inputting the reliability information and the threshold value are associated.
- the reliability correction unit 17 reads out from the table the threshold value corresponding to the number of times of input of the reliability information and sets it.
- the reliability correction unit 17 provides a predetermined reference for changing the positive threshold and the negative threshold with respect to the input reliability information, and based on the predetermined reference or the like for the input reliability information. , Positive and negative thresholds may be changed.
- the external device connected to the decoding device 1 may input information regarding the positive threshold and the negative threshold to the reliability correction unit 17.
- the reliability correction unit 17 may change the positive threshold and the negative threshold based on input information from an external device.
- the configuration other than the reliability calculation unit 5 is the same as the decoding apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment or the second embodiment. Only the operation of the degree calculator 5 will be described.
- the configuration other than the reliability calculation unit 5 is the same as that of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and hence the description thereof is omitted.
- the reliability calculation unit 5 in the seventh embodiment outputs two types of reliability information corresponding to each of 0 and 1 of a bit.
- the reliability correction unit 17 receives the two types of reliability information from the reliability calculation unit 5, and corrects the two types of reliability information by the correction method described in any of the first to sixth embodiments.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of the optical communication apparatus in the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- the optical communication apparatus 31 illustrated in FIG. 7 includes a transmitter 32, a PR communication path 33, and a receiver 34.
- the transmitter 32 for transmitting transmission information includes an error correction coding unit 11, a modulation coding unit 12, and an optical modulation unit 41.
- the PR communication path 33 includes an optical fiber 42.
- the receiver 34 includes a reliability calculation unit 5, a reliability correction unit 17, an error correction decoding unit 18, and an optical demodulation unit 43.
- the configuration other than the light modulation unit 41, the optical fiber 42, and the light demodulation unit 43 is the same as that of the first embodiment or the second embodiment. Only the configuration and operation of the light demodulation unit 43 will be described.
- the configuration other than the light modulation unit 41, the optical fiber 42, and the light demodulation unit 43 is the same as that of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and therefore the description thereof is omitted.
- the light modulation unit 41 generates an optical signal waveform in which the intensity or phase of light of a predetermined wavelength is modulated according to the coding sequence generated by the modulation coding unit 12, and sends the light signal waveform to the optical fiber 42.
- the optical fiber 42 transmits the optical signal waveform transmitted from the transmitter 32 to the receiver 34.
- the optical demodulation unit 43 detects the intensity or the phase of the light transmitted by the optical fiber 42, converts it into an electrical signal, and decodes the coded sequence.
- the light demodulation unit 43 outputs the decoded encoded sequence to the reliability calculation unit 5.
- a decoding apparatus performs coding on an input data using error correction coding according to a predetermined error correction coding scheme, and a coding sequence generated by performing modulation coding using a predetermined modulation rule.
- a decoding apparatus for decoding a coded signal obtained by passing through a communication channel, and based on the characteristics of the communication channel and the predetermined modulation rule, the coded signal obtained from the communication channel is at least
- a reliability information calculation unit that calculates reliability information having a non-linear relationship with the noise distribution of the communication path in part or all, and reliability information that corrects the reliability information calculated by the reliability information calculation unit
- a correction unit and an error correction decoding unit that performs error correction decoding on the reliability information corrected by the reliability information correction unit.
- the reliability information calculation unit is based on the characteristics of the channel and the predetermined modulation rule from the encoded signal obtained from the channel, and at least in part or all of the noise distribution of the channel is nonlinear. Calculate reliability information that has a relationship.
- the reliability information correction unit corrects the reliability information calculated by the reliability information calculation unit.
- the error correction decoding unit performs error correction decoding on the reliability information corrected by the reliability information correction unit.
- the reliability information having a non-linear relationship with the noise distribution of the channel is corrected at least in part or all, generation of erroneous bits with high reliability can be prevented, and decoding performance can be improved.
- the input data is a series of pre-modulation symbols which is a set of minimum units of information
- the reliability information calculation unit performs modulation coding on the pre-modulation symbols.
- a trellis in which the number of combinations of the pre-modulation symbols to be decoded of the modulation symbols generated in ⁇ ⁇ is greater than the number of combinations of the pre-modulation symbols with unequal probability of being decoded among the decoding targets, or
- the reliability information is determined based on a trellis in which there is a case where the frequency of appearance of the minimum unit of information constituting the pre-modulation symbol is uneven among the combinations of the pre-modulation symbols whose probability of being decoded is not equal. It is preferable to calculate.
- the input data is a series of pre-modulation symbols which is a set of minimum units of information.
- the reliability information calculation unit is configured such that the number of combinations of pre-modulation symbols to be decoded of modulation symbols generated by performing modulation coding on the pre-modulation symbols is not equal to the probability of being decoded among the decoding targets Among the trellis where there are more cases than the number of combinations of pre-modulation symbols, or the combination of pre-modulation symbols with unequal probability of being decoded, there is a bias in the frequency of occurrence of the smallest unit of information constituting the pre-modulation symbols. Confidence information is calculated based on the trellis in which cases exist.
- the reliability information can be calculated based on the trellis where there are more cases than.
- reliability information is calculated based on a trellis in which there is a case where the appearance frequency of the minimum unit of information constituting the pre-modulation symbol is uneven among combinations of pre-modulation symbols having unequal probability of being decoded. be able to.
- the reliability information correction unit is configured such that the correction value monotonously increases with respect to the input value, and the change amount of the correction value decreases as the input value moves away from the origin. It is preferable to correct the degree information.
- the reliability information is corrected such that the correction value monotonously increases with respect to the input value and the change amount of the correction value decreases as the input value moves away from the origin. It is possible to prevent adverse effects if the information is incorrect.
- the reliability information correction unit sets an absolute value of a positive threshold and an absolute value of a negative threshold which are identical to each other, and a positive input exceeding the absolute value of the positive threshold.
- the reliability information is corrected such that the absolute value of the value is replaced with the absolute value of the positive threshold, and the absolute value of the negative input value exceeding the absolute value of the negative threshold is replaced with the absolute value of the negative threshold. It is preferable to do.
- the absolute value of the positive threshold and the absolute value of the negative threshold that are identical to each other are set.
- the absolute value of the positive input value exceeding the absolute value of the positive threshold value is replaced with the absolute value of the positive threshold value
- the absolute value of the negative input value exceeding the absolute value of the negative threshold is replaced with the absolute value of the negative threshold value
- the absolute value of the negative input value exceeding the absolute value of the negative threshold value is the absolute value of the negative threshold value Since it is replaced by a value, it is possible to more reliably prevent the occurrence of erroneous bits with high reliability.
- the reliability information correction unit sets an absolute value of positive threshold and an absolute value of negative threshold which are different from each other, and for the positive input value exceeding the absolute value of the positive threshold. Correcting the reliability information so as to replace the absolute value with the absolute value of the positive threshold and replace the absolute value of the negative input value exceeding the absolute value of the negative threshold with the absolute value of the negative threshold Is preferred.
- the absolute value of the positive threshold and the absolute value of the negative threshold that are different from each other are set.
- the absolute value of the positive input value exceeding the absolute value of the positive threshold value is replaced with the absolute value of the positive threshold value
- the absolute value of the negative input value exceeding the absolute value of the negative threshold is replaced with the absolute value of the negative threshold value
- the absolute value of the negative input value exceeding the absolute value of the negative threshold value is the absolute value of the negative threshold value Since it is replaced by a value, it is possible to more reliably prevent the occurrence of erroneous bits with high reliability.
- the absolute value of the positive threshold is not more than half the average of the absolute values of positive reliability information
- the absolute value of the negative threshold is negative reliability information. It is preferable that it is 1/2 or less of the average of the absolute value of.
- the absolute value of the positive threshold is not more than half the average of the absolute values of the positive reliability information
- the absolute value of the negative threshold is the absolute value of the negative reliability information. Since it is less than one half of the average, it is possible to more reliably prevent the occurrence of erroneous bits with high reliability.
- the reliability information correction unit sets the positive threshold and the negative threshold based on an error correction decoding result by the error correction decoding unit.
- the positive threshold and the negative threshold are set based on the error correction decoding result by the error correction decoding unit. Therefore, for example, when the previous error correction decoding fails, in the next error correction decoding, since the reliability information is corrected using a positive threshold and a negative threshold different from the previous one, the next error correction decoding is performed.
- the decoding performance of can be improved.
- the reliability information correction unit changes the positive threshold and the negative threshold each time the reliability information is input.
- the reliability information correction unit may set a predetermined threshold and replace the absolute value of the input value exceeding the absolute value of the threshold with the absolute value of the threshold. It is preferable to correct the degree information.
- a predetermined threshold is set. Since the reliability information is corrected so that the absolute value of the input value exceeding the absolute value of the threshold value is replaced with the absolute value of the threshold value, it is possible to more reliably prevent the generation of an erroneous bit with high reliability.
- the error correction decoding unit performs error correction decoding using a low density parity check code. According to this configuration, error correction decoding can be performed using a low density parity check code.
- the reliability calculation unit calculates the reliability information based on a trellis obtained by combining a trellis of partial response characteristics of the communication path and a trellis of the modulation rule.
- the circuit configuration since the reliability information is calculated based on the trellis obtained by combining the trellis of the partial response characteristic of the communication path and the trellis of the modulation rule, the circuit configuration can be simplified.
- an error correction coding unit performs error correction coding on the input data and outputs a coded sequence subjected to the error correction coding, and the error correction coding is performed.
- a modulation encoding unit for performing modulation encoding on the encoding sequence, recording the modulation sequence encoded on the information storage medium, or the encoded signal recorded on the information storage medium The information processing apparatus further comprises: a recording or reproduction unit for reproduction; and an equalization processing unit for performing predetermined equalization processing on the encoded signal reproduced by the recording or reproduction unit, the reliability information calculation unit It is preferable that the reliability information be calculated based on the characteristics of the communication channel and the predetermined modulation rule from the encoded signal which has been subjected to equalization processing by the quantization processing unit.
- the error correction coding unit performs error correction coding on the input data, and outputs a coded sequence subjected to the error correction coding.
- the modulation coding unit performs modulation coding on the coded sequence on which the error correction coding has been performed.
- the recording or reproducing unit records the modulation coded coded sequence on the information recording medium, or reproduces the coded signal recorded on the information recording medium.
- the equalization processing unit performs predetermined equalization processing on the encoded signal reproduced by the recording or reproduction unit.
- the reliability information calculation unit calculates the reliability information from the encoded signal on which the equalization processing has been performed by the equalization processing unit, based on the channel characteristics and a predetermined modulation rule.
- the decoding apparatus can be applied to an apparatus for recording the modulation coded coded sequence on the information recording medium or reproducing the coded signal recorded on the information recording medium.
- a coded sequence generated by performing error correction coding on input data and performing modulation coding according to a predetermined modulation rule passes through a channel.
- the noise distribution of the communication channel is non-linear in at least a part or all of them based on the characteristics of the communication channel and a predetermined modulation rule. Confidence information having a relationship is calculated.
- the reliability information correction step the calculated reliability information is corrected.
- the error correction decoding step the error correction decoding is performed on the corrected reliability information.
- the reliability information having a non-linear relationship with the noise distribution of the channel is corrected at least in part or all, generation of erroneous bits with high reliability can be prevented, and decoding performance can be improved.
- the decoding device and the decoding method according to the present invention can prevent the generation of high-reliability error bits, improve the decoding performance, and use the predetermined error correction coding method for the input data.
- the present invention is useful for a decoding apparatus and a decoding method for decoding a coded signal obtained by passing a communication channel a coded sequence generated by performing modulation coding according to a predetermined modulation rule while performing correction coding. .
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1における復号装置の構成を示す図である。図1に示す復号装置1は、符号化部2、PR(Partial Response)通信路3及び復号部4を備える。復号装置1は、入力データに対して所定の誤り訂正符号化方式で誤り訂正符号化を行うとともに、所定の変調則で変調符号化を行うことで生成される符号化系列がPR通信路3を経由することで得られる符号化信号を復号する。
本発明の実施の形態2における復号装置について説明する。本発明の実施の形態2における復号装置は、符号化信号を記録媒体に記録するとともに、符号化信号を記録媒体から再生し、再生した符号化信号を復号する。
本発明の実施の形態3における復号装置について説明する。
本発明の実施の形態4における復号装置について説明する。
本発明の実施の形態5における復号装置について説明する。
本発明の実施の形態6における復号装置について説明する。
本発明の実施の形態7における復号装置について説明する。
本発明の実施の形態8における光通信装置について説明する。
Claims (13)
- 入力データに対して所定の誤り訂正符号化方式で誤り訂正符号化を行うとともに、所定の変調則で変調符号化を行うことで生成される符号化系列が通信路を経由することで得られる符号化信号を復号する復号装置であって、
前記通信路から得られる前記符号化信号から、前記通信路の特性及び前記所定の変調則に基づいて、少なくとも一部又は全てにおいて前記通信路のノイズ分布と非線形な関係を有する信頼度情報を算出する信頼度情報算出部と、
前記信頼度情報算出部によって算出された前記信頼度情報を補正する信頼度情報補正部と、
前記信頼度情報補正部によって補正された前記信頼度情報に対して誤り訂正復号を行う誤り訂正復号部とを備えることを特徴とする復号装置。 - 前記入力データは、情報の最小単位の集合である変調前シンボルの系列であり、
前記信頼度情報算出部は、前記変調前シンボルに対して変調符号化を行うことで生成される変調シンボルの復号対象となる前記変調前シンボルの組み合わせの数が、復号対象のうち復号される確率が等しくない前記変調前シンボルの組み合わせの数より多い場合が存在するトレリス、又は、前記復号される確率が等しくない前記変調前シンボルの組み合わせの中で、前記変調前シンボルを構成する情報の最小単位の出現頻度に偏りがある場合が存在するトレリスに基づいて、前記信頼度情報を算出することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の復号装置。 - 前記信頼度情報補正部は、入力値に対して補正値が単調増加するとともに、前記入力値が原点から遠ざかるにつれて前記補正値の変化量が減少するように前記信頼度情報を補正することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の復号装置。
- 前記信頼度情報補正部は、互いに同一である正の閾値の絶対値と負の閾値の絶対値とを設定し、前記正の閾値の絶対値を越える正の入力値の絶対値を前記正の閾値の絶対値に置き換えるとともに、前記負の閾値の絶対値を越える負の入力値の絶対値を前記負の閾値の絶対値に置き換えるように前記信頼度情報を補正することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の復号装置。
- 前記信頼度情報補正部は、互いに異なる正の閾値の絶対値と負の閾値の絶対値とを設定し、前記正の閾値の絶対値を越える正の入力値の絶対値を前記正の閾値の絶対値に置き換えるとともに、前記負の閾値の絶対値を越える負の入力値の絶対値を前記負の閾値の絶対値に置き換えるように前記信頼度情報を補正することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の復号装置。
- 前記正の閾値の絶対値は、正の信頼度情報の絶対値の平均の2分の1以下であり、
前記負の閾値の絶対値は、負の信頼度情報の絶対値の平均の2分の1以下であることを特徴とする請求項4又は5に記載の復号装置。 - 前記信頼度情報補正部は、前記誤り訂正復号部による誤り訂正復号結果に基づいて、前記正の閾値及び前記負の閾値を設定することを特徴とする請求項4~6のいずれかに記載の復号装置。
- 前記信頼度情報補正部は、前記信頼度情報が入力される毎に前記正の閾値及び前記負の閾値を変化させることを特徴とする請求項4~6のいずれかに記載の復号装置。
- 前記信頼度情報補正部は、予め決められた閾値を設定し、前記閾値の絶対値を越える前記入力値の絶対値を前記閾値の絶対値に置き換えるように前記信頼度情報を補正することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の復号装置。
- 前記誤り訂正復号部は、低密度パリティ検査符号を用いて誤り訂正復号を行うことを特徴とする請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の復号装置。
- 前記信頼度算出部は、前記通信路のパーシャルレスポンス特性のトレリスと前記変調則のトレリスとを合成したトレリスに基づいて前記信頼度情報を算出することを特徴とする請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の復号装置。
- 前記入力データに対して誤り訂正符号化を行い、誤り訂正符号化を行った符号化系列を出力する誤り訂正符号化部と、
前記誤り訂正符号化が行われた前記符号化系列に対して変調符号化を行う変調符号化部と、
前記変調符号化された前記符号化系列を情報記録媒体に記録し、又は前記情報記録媒体に記録された前記符号化信号を再生する記録又は再生部と、
前記記録又は再生部によって再生された前記符号化信号に対して所定の等化処理を施す等化処理部とをさらに備え、
前記信頼度情報算出部は、前記等化処理部によって等化処理が施された前記符号化信号から、前記通信路の特性及び前記所定の変調則に基づいて前記信頼度情報を算出することを特徴とする請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の復号装置。 - 入力データに対して所定の誤り訂正符号化方式で誤り訂正符号化を行うとともに、所定の変調則で変調符号化を行うことで生成される符号化系列が通信路を経由することで得られる符号化信号を復号する復号方法であって、
前記通信路から得られる前記符号化信号から、前記通信路の特性及び前記所定の変調則に基づいて、少なくとも一部又は全てにおいて前記通信路のノイズ分布と非線形な関係を有する信頼度情報を算出する信頼度情報算出ステップと、
前記信頼度情報算出ステップにおいて算出された前記信頼度情報を補正する信頼度情報補正ステップと、
前記信頼度情報補正ステップにおいて補正された前記信頼度情報に対して誤り訂正復号を行う誤り訂正復号ステップとを含むことを特徴とする復号方法。
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CN103503072B (zh) | 2016-11-02 |
JPWO2013150774A1 (ja) | 2015-12-17 |
US9063871B2 (en) | 2015-06-23 |
CN103503072A (zh) | 2014-01-08 |
JP6103309B2 (ja) | 2017-03-29 |
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