WO2013150592A1 - 有機エレクトロルミネッセンスパネル及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
有機エレクトロルミネッセンスパネル及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013150592A1 WO2013150592A1 PCT/JP2012/058961 JP2012058961W WO2013150592A1 WO 2013150592 A1 WO2013150592 A1 WO 2013150592A1 JP 2012058961 W JP2012058961 W JP 2012058961W WO 2013150592 A1 WO2013150592 A1 WO 2013150592A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- transparent conductive
- conductive film
- light emitting
- film
- substrate
- Prior art date
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- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003216 pyrazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940083082 pyrimidine derivative acting on arteriolar smooth muscle Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003230 pyrimidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-8-ol Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003248 quinolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical class [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubrene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C11)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical class [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003413 spiro compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000005075 thioxanthenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/805—Electrodes
- H10K50/81—Anodes
- H10K50/814—Anodes combined with auxiliary electrodes, e.g. ITO layer combined with metal lines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/805—Electrodes
- H10K50/81—Anodes
- H10K50/816—Multilayers, e.g. transparent multilayers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/805—Electrodes
- H10K59/8051—Anodes
- H10K59/80516—Anodes combined with auxiliary electrodes, e.g. ITO layer combined with metal lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/18—Metal complexes
- C09K2211/185—Metal complexes of the platinum group, i.e. Os, Ir, Pt, Ru, Rh or Pd
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K2102/301—Details of OLEDs
- H10K2102/351—Thickness
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
- H10K71/12—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating
- H10K71/13—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating using printing techniques, e.g. ink-jet printing or screen printing
- H10K71/135—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating using printing techniques, e.g. ink-jet printing or screen printing using ink-jet printing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/60—Forming conductive regions or layers, e.g. electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass and not covered by groups H10K10/80, H10K30/80, H10K50/80 or H10K59/80
- H10K77/10—Substrates, e.g. flexible substrates
- H10K77/111—Flexible substrates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/321—Metal complexes comprising a group IIIA element, e.g. Tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium [Gaq3]
- H10K85/324—Metal complexes comprising a group IIIA element, e.g. Tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium [Gaq3] comprising aluminium, e.g. Alq3
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an organic EL panel including an organic electroluminescence (hereinafter referred to as organic EL) material in a light emitting layer and a method for manufacturing the same.
- organic EL organic electroluminescence
- Organic EL elements are used in display devices as light emitters in which a plurality of functional layers such as a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer are sandwiched between an anode and a cathode.
- An organic EL panel is a surface light emitter in which an organic EL element is enlarged.
- insulating films such as partition walls and banks are provided to partition each element (see Patent Documents 1 to 3).
- the anode of the organic EL element is often patterned on the substrate by an etching method such as photolithography, and in this case, the edge shape of the anode becomes steep and unstable. Therefore, an insulating film covering the anode edge is necessary for preventing a short circuit between the anode and the cathode and suppressing cathode disconnection.
- an insulating film covering the anode edge is necessary for preventing a short circuit between the anode and the cathode and suppressing cathode disconnection.
- the number of steps for forming the insulating film increases, and accordingly, there is a problem that the cost of the organic EL panel cannot be reduced due to an increase in the yield deterioration factor.
- the auxiliary electrode is often patterned by an etching method such as photolithography. Also in that case, it has been proposed to fill the gaps between the parallel conductive bus lines having steep edges with an electrical insulating material for planarization (see Patent Document 1).
- an electrical insulating film is provided between the conductive bus lines of the organic EL element, the light generated in the light emitting part is absorbed by the insulating film, so that the area of the region that guides the generated light to the outside is limited. Power is wasted. That is, since the portion partitioned by the insulating film becomes a region that emits light as it is, the aperture ratio decreases, and as a result, there is a problem that power consumption must be increased to obtain a desired light amount. .
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an organic EL panel that can be manufactured at a low cost and can increase the aperture ratio, and a method for manufacturing the same. As an example.
- the organic EL panel of the present invention includes a substrate, a transparent conductive film laminated on the substrate, a functional laminate including at least one light emitting layer laminated on the transparent conductive film, and the functional laminate.
- An organic EL panel including a counter electrode film stacked on a body, and the light emitting layer sandwiched between the transparent conductive film and the counter electrode film and overlapping the transparent conductive film and the counter electrode film serves as a light emitting portion And having at least one auxiliary electrode formed on the substrate under the light emitting portion and directly covered with the transparent conductive film, wherein the transparent conductive film has a film thickness exceeding the film thickness of the auxiliary electrode.
- the functional laminate is characterized in that the side surface of the transparent conductive film is covered.
- the manufacturing method of the present invention for manufacturing the organic EL panel includes a substrate, a transparent conductive film laminated on the substrate, and at least one light emitting layer laminated on the transparent conductive film.
- the light emitting layer includes a laminate and a counter electrode film laminated on the functional laminate, and is sandwiched between the transparent conductive film and the counter electrode film and overlaps the transparent conductive film and the counter electrode film.
- a method for manufacturing an organic EL panel to be a light emitting unit comprising: forming at least one auxiliary electrode on a part of a main surface of a substrate; and forming a transparent conductive film on the substrate and the auxiliary electrode And forming a functional laminate that covers the transparent conductive film, and in the step of forming the transparent conductive film, the film thickness of the transparent conductive film is larger than the film thickness of the auxiliary electrode. Thick and under the light emitting part The such that the auxiliary electrode transparent conductive film covers completely the wet coating method or by a sputtering method using a mask, and forming the transparent conductive film.
- the present invention there is at least one auxiliary electrode formed on the substrate in a part of the light emitting part and directly covered with the transparent conductive film, but since there is no insulating film, the aperture ratio of the organic EL panel Can be improved over conventional devices. Further, since the generated light can be emitted more efficiently, the power consumption can be reduced as compared with the conventional organic EL panel.
- FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1. It is sectional drawing which shows the board
- FIG. 1 is a perspective partially cutaway plan view of a portion of the organic EL panel of the embodiment as viewed from the upper surface on the cathode side
- FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a cross section of the organic EL panel taken along line AA in FIG. is there.
- the organic EL panel includes a transparent anode 2 (a so-called transparent conductive film) formed on a flat transparent substrate 1 made of glass or resin on the light extraction side, And a cathode 9 (so-called counter electrode film) laminated thereon.
- a transparent anode 2 a so-called transparent conductive film
- a cathode 9 a cathode 9 laminated thereon.
- the functional layer of the functional laminate FLB capable of emitting white light for example, hole injection layer 3 / hole transport layer 4 / red / green mixed light emitting layer 5 / blue light emitting layer 6 / electron transport layer 7 / electron injection layer 8 Lamination is mentioned.
- a transparent anode 2 and a cathode 9 extending in the XY direction on the panel plane are formed on the substrate 1 so as to sandwich the functional laminate FLB.
- the portion of the functional laminate FLB sandwiched between and overlapping the anode 2 of the transparent conductive film such as ITO and the cathode 9 of the counter electrode film becomes a light emitting portion, and light is extracted from the substrate 1 side.
- a plurality of longitudinal auxiliary electrodes BL extend in the X direction and are formed in parallel stripes. That is, the auxiliary electrode BL on the substrate 1 is directly covered with the anode 2 and is electrically connected.
- the auxiliary electrode BL is formed to supply power to the anode 2.
- a plurality of auxiliary electrodes BL exposed from the bottom of the anode 2 to the outside of the light emitting portion and the connection wiring between the end portions of the cathode 9, that is, on the auxiliary electrodes BL other than under the light emitting portion (not shown) ) May be provided.
- auxiliary electrodes made of a metal material having a low resistivity are juxtaposed in stripes under the transparent electrode.
- the resistance of the auxiliary electrode BL and the transparent anode 2 is reduced as a whole.
- auxiliary electrodes BL Under the transparent anode 2 and increasing the film thickness of the transparent anode 2 to the order of 1 ⁇ m exceeding 1 ⁇ m, in the organic EL panel of the embodiment, the resistance effect and the coverage effect of the auxiliary electrode BL are reduced. Is increased to achieve smoothing of the anode itself.
- Such a smooth main surface by increasing the thickness of the anode contributes to smoothing of the functional layer of the functional laminate FLB to be formed in a later process and to reducing film thickness unevenness.
- thickening the anode can be expected to reduce interference on the light extraction side.
- the degree of freedom of the film thickness width that can be made a non-integer multiple of 1/4 of the peak wavelength of each extracted emission color can be expanded.
- the anode 2 has a film thickness t2 that exceeds the film thickness t1 of the auxiliary electrode BL.
- the film thickness of the transparent anode 2 is preferably 1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m in order to maintain the transmittance of the transparent anode 2 and ensure panel characteristics.
- the thickness of the anode 2 gradually decreases toward the edge 2B (most edge) of the anode 2 on the smooth main surface 2A and the main surface of the substrate 1 at the interface with the functional laminate FLB.
- the film is formed so as to have a tapered side surface 2C.
- patterning of the anode is usually performed by a photolithography process, and the edge of the ITO anode manufactured by the above process is unstable, and thus needs to be covered with an insulating film.
- This insulating film process is one of the factors that increase the panel cost and decrease the yield.
- the anode is preferably patterned by a wet coating method such as screen printing, plateless printing or plate printing, or a sputtering method using a non-contact or contact mask.
- the functional layer of the functional laminate FLB is preferably formed by coating.
- the functional laminate FLB is formed on the tapered side surface 2C of the anode 2, the tapered side surface is also formed on the functional laminate FLB, and disconnection of the cathode formed in a later process can be prevented. Therefore, with the above configuration, an organic EL panel suitable for illumination or the like can be manufactured without requiring an insulating film.
- the functional layer of the functional laminate FLB is formed by coating in order to improve the coverage of the anode 2 and the edge 2B.
- the first layer (the hole injection layer 3 or the hole transport layer 4) of the functional laminate FLB is preferably applied to be thicker than the auxiliary electrode BL.
- the total film thickness of the laminated film from the anode 2 to the light emitting layer 5 of the functional laminated body FLB is preferably at least 100 nm in order to ensure embedding with respect to foreign matter on the anode.
- An example of the organic EL panel of the present embodiment is, as shown in FIG. 2, an anode 2 / hole injection layer 3 / hole transport layer 4 / red-green, which are sequentially laminated on a transparent substrate 1 such as glass.
- the mixed light-emitting layer 5 / blue light-emitting layer 6 / electron transport layer 7 / electron injection layer 8 / cathode 9 / are configured.
- the hole transport layer of anode 2 / hole injection layer 3 / red / green mixed light emitting layer 5 / blue light emitting layer 6 / electron transport layer 7 / electron transport layer 8 / cathode 9 / 4 is omitted, and although not shown, hole injection layer of anode 2 / hole transport layer 4 / red / green mixed light emitting layer 5 / blue light emitting layer 6 / electron transport layer 7 / electron injection layer 8 / cathode 9 / 3 is omitted, and although not shown, anode 2 / hole transport layer 4 / red / green mixed light emitting layer 5 / blue light emitting layer 6 / electron injection layer 8 / cathode 9 / hole injection layer 3 and electron transport layer A configuration in which 7 is omitted is also included in the present invention.
- the present invention also includes a configuration in which a diffusion prevention layer is provided between the red / green mixed light emitting layer 5 and the blue light emitting layer 6 in any of
- a method for forming a functional layer of an organic EL panel there are dry coating methods such as a sputtering method and a vacuum deposition method, and wet coating methods such as a screen printing, a spray method, an ink jet method, a spin coater method, a gravure printing, and a roll coater method.
- dry coating methods such as a sputtering method and a vacuum deposition method
- wet coating methods such as a screen printing, a spray method, an ink jet method, a spin coater method, a gravure printing, and a roll coater method.
- the hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, and the light emitting layer are uniformly formed as a solid film by a wet coating method
- the electron transport layer and the electron injection layer are uniformly formed as a solid film by a dry coating method, respectively. You may form into a film sequentially.
- all the functional layers may be uniformly and sequentially formed as a solid film by a wet coating method.
- substrate As the substrate 1, a quartz or glass plate, a metal plate or a metal foil, a resin substrate to be bent, a plastic film, a sheet, or the like is used. In particular, a glass plate or a transparent plate made of a synthetic resin such as polyester, polymethacrylate, polycarbonate, or polysulfone is preferable.
- a synthetic resin substrate it is necessary to pay attention to gas barrier properties. If the gas barrier property of the substrate is too small, the organic EL panel may be deteriorated by the outside air that has passed through the substrate, which is not preferable. Therefore, a method of securing a gas barrier property by providing a dense silicon oxide film or the like on at least one surface of the synthetic resin substrate is also a preferable method.
- the cheap glass substrate which is not an expensive polishing glass substrate for displays can also be used for an organic EL panel substrate.
- the anode 2 for supplying holes to the functional layers up to the light emitting layer is usually composed of a composite oxide (so-called ITO) of indium oxide and tin oxide.
- the anode 2 may be ZnO, ZnO—Al 2 O 3 (so-called AZO), In 2 O 3 —ZnO (so-called IZO), SnO 2 —Sb 2 O 3 (so-called ATO), RuO 2, etc.
- the transparent conductive film of the anode 2 it is preferable to select a material having a transmittance of at least 10% at the emission wavelength obtained from the organic EL material.
- the anode usually has a single-layer structure, but it can also have a laminated structure made of a plurality of materials if desired.
- the surface of the anode is treated with ultraviolet (UV) / ozone, oxygen plasma, or argon plasma for the purpose of removing impurities adhering to the anode and adjusting the ionization potential to improve hole injection. Is preferred.
- the material of the cathode 9 for supplying electrons to the functional layers up to the light emitting layer is preferably a metal having a low work function in order to perform electron injection efficiently, for example, tin, magnesium, indium, calcium, aluminum, silver, etc. New metals or their alloys are used. Specific examples include low work function alloy electrodes such as magnesium-silver alloy, magnesium-indium alloy, and aluminum-lithium alloy.
- a metal layer having a high work function and stable to the atmosphere on the cathode because the stability of the organic EL panel is increased.
- metals such as aluminum, silver, copper, nickel, chromium, gold and platinum are used.
- these materials may be used only by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- the hole injection layer 3 is preferably a layer containing an electron accepting compound.
- the composition for forming a hole injection layer usually contains a hole transporting compound and a solvent as a constituent material of the hole injection layer.
- the solvent include, but are not limited to, ether solvents, ester solvents, aromatic hydrocarbon solvents, amide solvents, and the like.
- ether solvents include aliphatic ethers such as ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (so-called PGMEA), 1,2-dimethoxybenzene, 1,3-dimethoxybenzene, anisole, and phenetole.
- Aromatic ethers such as 2-methoxytoluene, 3-methoxytoluene, 4-methoxytoluene, 2,3-dimethylanisole, and 2,4-dimethylanisole.
- ester solvent examples include aromatic esters such as phenyl acetate, phenyl propionate, methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, propyl benzoate, and n-butyl benzoate.
- aromatic hydrocarbon solvent examples include toluene, xylene, cyclohexylbenzene, 3- isopropylpropylphenyl, 1,2,3,4-tetramethylbenzene, 1,4-diisopropylbenzene, cyclohexylbenzene, methylnaphthalene and the like. Can be mentioned.
- amide solvent examples include N, N-dimethylformamide and N, N-dimethylacetamide.
- dimethyl sulfoxide and the like can also be used. These solvent may use only 1 type and may use 2 or more types by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- a polymer or the like may be a monomer or the like. Although it may be a low molecular compound, it is preferably a low molecular compound.
- the hole transporting compound is preferably a compound having an ionization potential of 4.5 eV to 6.0 eV from the viewpoint of a charge injection barrier from the anode to the hole injection layer.
- hole transporting compounds include aromatic amine derivatives, phthalocyanine derivatives represented by phthalocyanine copper (so-called CuPc), porphyrin derivatives, oligothiophene derivatives, polythiophene derivatives, benzylphenyl derivatives, tertiary amines with fluorene groups.
- Examples include linked compounds, hydrazone derivatives, silazane derivatives, silanamine derivatives, phosphamine derivatives, quinacridone derivatives, polyaniline derivatives, polypyrrole derivatives, polyphenylene vinylene derivatives, polythienylene vinylene derivatives, polyquinoline derivatives, polyquinoxaline derivatives, and carbon.
- the derivative includes, for example, an aromatic amine derivative, and includes an aromatic amine itself and a compound having an aromatic amine as a main skeleton. There may be.
- a conductive polymer obtained by polymerizing 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene, which is a polythiophene derivative, in high molecular weight polystyrene sulfonic acid is also preferable.
- the end of the polymer of PEDOT / PSS may be capped with methacrylate or the like.
- the hole transporting compound used as the material for the hole injection layer may contain any one of these compounds alone, or may contain two or more.
- the combination is arbitrary, but one or more kinds of aromatic tertiary amine polymer compounds and one or two kinds of other hole transporting compounds.
- an aromatic amine compound is preferable for the hole injection layer, and an aromatic tertiary amine compound is particularly preferable.
- the aromatic tertiary amine compound is a compound having an aromatic tertiary amine structure, and includes a compound having a group derived from an aromatic tertiary amine.
- the concentration of the hole transporting compound in the composition for forming a hole injection layer is usually 0.01% by weight or more, preferably 0.1% by weight or more, and more preferably 0.00% by weight in terms of film thickness uniformity. 5% by weight or more, usually 70% by weight or less, preferably 60% by weight or less, more preferably 50% by weight or less. If this concentration is too high, film thickness unevenness may occur, and if it is too low, defects may occur in the formed hole injection layer.
- the composition for forming a hole injection layer preferably contains an electron-accepting compound, and may further contain other components in addition to the hole-transporting compound and the electron-accepting compound.
- other components include various organic EL materials, electron transport compounds, binder resins, coatability improvers, and the like.
- only 1 type may be used for another component and it may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and ratios.
- the material for forming the hole injection layer is usually mixed with an appropriate solvent (solvent for the hole injection layer) to form a composition for film formation (hole injection).
- an appropriate solvent solvent for the hole injection layer
- a composition for forming a layer is prepared, and this composition for forming a hole injection layer is coated on the anode by an appropriate technique to form a film and dried to form a hole injection layer.
- the film thickness of the hole injection layer is usually 5 nm or more, preferably 10 nm or more, and usually 1000 nm or less, preferably 500 nm or less.
- the material of the hole transport layer 4 may be any material that has been conventionally used as a constituent material of the hole transport layer.
- the hole transport layer is exemplified as the hole transport compound used in the above-described hole injection layer. Things.
- polyvinylcarbazole derivatives polyarylamine derivatives, polyvinyltriphenylamine derivatives, polyfluorene derivatives, polyarylene derivatives, polyarylene ether sulfone derivatives containing tetraphenylbenzidine, polyarylene vinylene derivatives, polysiloxane derivatives, polythiophenes Derivatives, poly (p-phenylene vinylene) derivatives, and the like.
- These may be any of an alternating copolymer, a random polymer, a block polymer, or a graft copolymer. Further, it may be a polymer having a branched main chain and three or more terminal portions, or a so-called dendrimer.
- a composition for forming a hole transport layer is prepared in the same manner as the formation of the hole injection layer, and then dried after wet film formation.
- the hole transporting layer forming composition contains a solvent.
- the solvent used is the same as that used for the composition for forming the hole injection layer.
- the film forming conditions, the drying conditions, and the like are the same as in the case of forming the hole injection layer.
- the hole transport layer may contain various organic EL materials, electron transport compounds, binder resins, coatability improvers, and the like in addition to the hole transport compound.
- the film thickness of the hole transport layer is usually 5 nm or more, preferably 10 nm or more, and usually 300 nm or less, preferably 100 nm or less.
- the film thickness of the hole injection layer 3 and / or the hole transport layer 4 from the anode 2 to the light emitting layer 5 Is preferably at least 100 nm.
- the light-emitting layers of the red-green mixed light-emitting layer and the blue light-emitting layer contain an organic EL material, and preferably a compound having a hole transport property (hole transport compound) or a compound having an electron transport property (electron transport) A functional compound).
- An organic EL material may be used as a dopant material, and a hole transporting compound, an electron transporting compound, or the like may be appropriately used as a host material.
- the organic EL material There is no particular limitation on the organic EL material, and a substance that emits light at a desired emission wavelength and has good emission efficiency may be used.
- the organic EL material may be a fluorescent material or a phosphorescent material, but it is preferable to use a phosphorescent material from the viewpoint of internal quantum efficiency.
- the light emitting layer may have a single layer structure or a multilayer structure made of a plurality of materials as desired.
- a fluorescent material may be used for the blue light emitting layer
- a phosphorescent material may be used for the green and red light emitting layers.
- a diffusion preventing layer can be provided between the light emitting layers.
- fluorescent materials blue fluorescent dyes
- examples of fluorescent materials that emit blue light include naphthalene, perylene, pyrene, chrysene, anthracene, coumarin, p-bis (2-phenylethenyl) benzene, and derivatives thereof.
- fluorescent material green fluorescent dye
- examples of the fluorescent material (green fluorescent dye) that emits green light include aluminum complexes such as quinacridone derivatives, coumarin derivatives, and Alq3 (tris (8-hydroxy-quinoline) aluminum).
- Examples of fluorescent materials that give yellow light emission include rubrene and perimidone derivatives.
- red fluorescent dyes examples include DCM (4- (dicyanomethylene) -2-methyl-6- (p-dimethylaminostyryl) -4H-pyran) compounds, benzopyran derivatives, rhodamine derivatives, benzoates. Examples thereof include thioxanthene derivatives and azabenzothioxanthene.
- the phosphorescent material is selected from, for example, the long-period periodic table (hereinafter referred to as the long-period periodic table when referring to “periodic table” unless otherwise specified).
- An organometallic complex containing a metal can be given.
- Preferred examples of the metal selected from Groups 7 to 11 of the periodic table include ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum, and gold.
- a ligand in which a (hetero) aryl group such as a (hetero) arylpyridine ligand or a (hetero) arylpyrazole ligand and a pyridine, pyrazole, phenanthroline, or the like is connected is preferable.
- a pyridine ligand and a phenylpyrazole ligand are preferable.
- (hetero) aryl represents an aryl group or a heteroaryl group.
- phosphorescent materials include tris (2-phenylpyridine) iridium (so-called Ir (ppy) 3), tris (2-phenylpyridine) ruthenium, tris (2-phenylpyridine) palladium, and bis (2-phenyl).
- Pyridine) platinum tris (2-phenylpyridine) osmium, tris (2-phenylpyridine) rhenium, octaethylplatinum porphyrin, octaphenylplatinum porphyrin, octaethyl palladium porphyrin, octaphenyl palladium porphyrin, and the like.
- the molecular weight of the compound used as the organic EL material is usually 10,000 or less, preferably 5000 or less, more preferably 4000 or less, still more preferably 3000 or less, and usually 100 or more, preferably 200 or more, more preferably 300 or more, still more preferably. Is in the range of 400 or more. If the molecular weight of the organic EL material is too small, the heat resistance will be significantly reduced, gas generation will be caused, the film quality will be deteriorated when the film is formed, or the morphology of the functional layer will be changed due to migration, etc. There is a case. On the other hand, if the molecular weight of the organic EL material is too large, it tends to be difficult to purify the organic compound, or it may take time to dissolve the organic EL material in a solvent when formed by a wet coating method.
- the proportion of the organic EL material in the light emitting layer is usually 0.05% by weight or more and usually 35% by weight or less. If the amount of the organic EL material is too small, uneven light emission may occur, and if the amount is too large, the light emission efficiency may be reduced. In addition, when using together 2 or more types of organic EL material, it is made for the total content of these to be contained in the said range.
- the component having the highest content in the light emitting layer is called a host material, and the component having a smaller content is called a guest material.
- the light emitting layer may contain a hole transporting compound as a constituent material.
- examples of the low molecular weight hole transporting compound include various compounds exemplified as the hole transporting compound in the hole injection layer 3 described above, for example, 2 'or more condensed aromatic rings containing 2 or more tertiary amines represented by 4'-bis [N- (1-naphthyl) -N-phenylamino] biphenyl (so-called ⁇ -NPD) are nitrogen From aromatic diamines substituted with atoms, aromatic amine compounds having a starburst structure such as 4,4 ′, 4 ′′ -tris (1-naphthylphenylamino) triphenylamine, and tetramers of triphenylamine And spiro compounds such as 2,2 ′, 7,7′-tetrakis- (diphenylamino) -9,9′-spirobifluorene.
- a hole transportable compound in a light emitting layer, only 1 type may be used for a hole transportable compound, and it may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- the proportion of the hole transporting compound in the light emitting layer is usually 0.1% by weight or more and usually 65% by weight or less. If the amount of the hole transporting compound is too small, it may be easily affected by a short circuit, and if it is too large, the film thickness may be uneven. In addition, when using together 2 or more types of hole transportable compounds, it is made for the total content of these to be contained in the said range.
- the light emitting layer may contain an electron transporting compound as a constituent material.
- examples of low molecular weight electron transporting compounds include 2,5-bis (1-naphthyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazole (so-called BND), 2 , 5-bis (6'- (2 ′, 2 ′′ -bipyridyl))-1,1-dimethyl-3,4-diphenylsilole (so-called PyPySPyPy), bathophenanthroline (so-called BPhen), 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl 1,10-phenanthroline (so-called BCP, bathocuproin), 2- (4-biphenylyl) -5- (p-tertiarybutylphenyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazole (so-called tBu-PBD), 4,4′-bis (9H-carbazol-9-yl) biphenyl (so-called BND), 2,5-
- the proportion of the electron transporting compound in the light emitting layer is usually 0.1% by weight or more and usually 65% by weight or less. If the amount of the electron transporting compound is too small, it may be easily affected by a short circuit, and if it is too large, the film thickness may be uneven. In addition, when using together 2 or more types of electron transport compounds, it is made for the total content of these to be contained in the said range.
- the light emitting layer is prepared by dissolving the above light emitting layer material in an appropriate solvent to prepare a composition for forming a light emitting layer. Is formed. Therefore, in the case of forming by a wet coating method, the light emitting layer coating solution is prepared by dispersing or dissolving at least two kinds of solid contents (host material and guest material) to be the light emitting layer as a solute in a solvent.
- the solvent to be used can be selected from the solvents that can be used for the composition for forming a hole injection layer.
- the ratio of the light emitting layer solvent to the light emitting layer forming composition for forming the light emitting layer is usually 0.01% by weight or more and usually 70% by weight or less.
- the film thickness of the light emitting layer is usually 3 nm or more, preferably 5 nm or more, and usually 200 nm or less, preferably 100 nm or less. If the light emitting layer is too thin, defects may occur in the film, and if it is too thick, the driving voltage may increase.
- the electron transport layer 7 is provided for the purpose of further improving the light emission efficiency of the organic EL panel, and efficiently transports electrons injected from the cathode between the electrodes to which an electric field is applied in the direction of the light emitting layer. Formed from a compound capable of
- the electron transporting compound used for the electron transport layer usually, the electron injection efficiency from the cathode 9 or the electron injection layer 8 is high, and the injected electrons having high electron mobility can be efficiently transported.
- Use possible compounds include metal complexes of Alq3 and 10-hydroxybenzo [h] quinoline, oxadiazole derivatives, distyrylbiphenyl derivatives, silole derivatives, 3-hydroxyflavone metal complexes, and 5-hydroxyflavones.
- Metal complex benzoxazole metal complex, benzothiazole metal complex, trisbenzimidazolylbenzene, quinoxaline compound, phenanthroline derivative, 2-t-butyl-9,10-N, N′-dicyanoanthraquinonediimine, n-type hydrogenated amorphous Quality silicon carbide, n-type zinc sulfide, n-type zinc selenide and the like.
- the formation method of the electron transport layer is not limited, and can be formed by a wet coating method or a dry coating method.
- the electron transport layer is prepared by dissolving the electron transport layer material in an appropriate solvent to prepare a composition for forming an electron transport layer. It is formed by removing.
- the solvent to be used can be selected from the solvents that can be used for the composition for forming a hole injection layer.
- the film thickness of the electron transport layer is usually 1 nm or more, preferably 5 nm or more, and usually 300 nm or less, preferably 100 nm or less.
- the electron injection layer 8 plays a role of efficiently injecting electrons injected from the cathode into the light emitting layer.
- the material for forming the electron injection layer is preferably a metal having a low work function. Examples include alkali metals such as sodium and cesium, alkaline earth metals such as barium and calcium, and their compounds (CsF, Cs 2 CO 3 , Li 2 O, LiF) and the like. .1 nm or more and 5 nm or less are preferable.
- an organic electron transport compound represented by a metal complex such as a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound such as bathophenanthroline or an aluminum complex of 8-hydroxyquinoline is doped with an alkali metal such as sodium, potassium, cesium, lithium or rubidium.
- an alkali metal such as sodium, potassium, cesium, lithium or rubidium.
- the film thickness is usually 5 nm or more, preferably 10 nm or more, and is usually 200 nm or less, preferably 100 nm or less.
- 1 type may be used for the material of an electron injection layer, and 2 or more types may be used together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- the formation method of the electron injection layer is not limited, and can be formed by a wet coating method or a dry coating method.
- the electron injection layer is prepared by dissolving the electron injection layer material in a suitable solvent to prepare a composition for forming an electron injection layer. It is formed by removing.
- the solvent to be used can be selected from the solvents that can be used for the composition for forming a hole injection layer.
- FIG. 3 to 10 are cross-sectional views showing a substrate and a structure formed thereon in the manufacturing process of the organic EL panel manufacturing method to which the present invention is applied.
- a manufacturing process includes the following (a) auxiliary electrode forming step, (b) anode forming step, (c) hole transport layer forming step, (d) coating light emitting layer forming step, and (e) vapor deposition light emitting layer forming step. This will be explained in order.
- auxiliary electrode BL of AlNd (aluminum-neodymium alloy) is formed on the main surface of the substrate 1 by sputtering using a non-contact or contact mask (not shown) arranged away from the main surface.
- the splash material of the AlNd target is attached to a predetermined portion of the substrate through the pattern opening of the mask, and an auxiliary electrode having a predetermined pattern with a tapered edge is obtained.
- auxiliary electrode BL On the XY surface of the substrate 1, a plurality of strip-like auxiliary electrodes BL extending in parallel with the X direction are formed at a constant pitch.
- the auxiliary electrode BL is a power supply line to the anode 2 formed in the next step, and is formed so that the width thereof is smaller than the juxtaposed pitch.
- the auxiliary electrodes BL are formed in the same cross-sectional shape and are arranged in parallel to each other, and the surface of the substrate 1 is exposed between the auxiliary electrodes BL.
- each auxiliary electrode BL has a thickness of 150 nm, a width of 50 ⁇ m, and a distance between adjacent auxiliary electrodes BL is 300 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 3 shows a cross section along the juxtaposition direction Y orthogonal to the extension direction X of the auxiliary electrode BL, and this also applies to the following drawings.
- IZO In 2 O 3 ⁇ is formed on the main surface of the substrate 1 and the auxiliary electrode BL by sputtering using a mask arranged away from the main surface of the substrate 1.
- a transparent anode 2 of ZnO is formed.
- a spray material of an IZO target is attached to the substrate 1 including the auxiliary electrode BL through a pattern opening of the mask, and an IZO film having a predetermined pattern with a tapered edge is obtained as the anode 2 (transparent conductive film). Since the splash material wraps around between the mask opening and the mask substrate, a tapered side surface 2C in which the film thickness gradually decreases from the smooth main surface 2A of the main surface of the transparent anode 2 toward the edge portion 2B is formed.
- the anode 2 is formed so as to cover the substrate region (concave portion) between the auxiliary electrode BL and the adjacent auxiliary electrode, and directly contacts the substrate 1 in the region between the auxiliary electrodes BL.
- the thickness of the anode 2 is 1000 nm, for example.
- UV / O 3 ultraviolet / ozone
- an aqueous dispersion having a fixed concentration of 1 wt% using PEDOT (poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) as a host and PSS (polystyrene sulfonic acid) as a dopant is prepared.
- the droplet Lq for the hole injection layer material is applied onto the entire surface of the anode 2 by the inkjet head 12 using an inkjet apparatus.
- the inkjet head 12 is raster-scanned in the XY plane on the anode 2, the edges of the applied droplet Lq film are connected to each other so as to cover the edge of the anode 2 and the nearby substrate. Is deposited.
- the droplet film is vacuum-dried at a gas pressure of 0.1 to 50 Pa for 2 minutes using a vacuum drying apparatus, and baked by heat treatment at 230 ° C. for 1 hour.
- the solvent of the droplets evaporates to obtain a cured hole injection layer 3 that covers the edge of the anode 2. At least a part of the end portion of the hole injection layer 3 of the functional laminate reaches the substrate 1 without being in contact with the auxiliary electrode BL.
- the hole transport layer 4 is formed by using an organic solvent droplet having a predetermined concentration of 1,1-bis (4-di-p-tolylaminophenyl) cyclohexane by an inkjet method. As shown in FIG. 2, the whole surface of the hole injection layer 3 and a substrate on the vicinity thereof are applied and dried. Each of the hole injection layer 3 and the hole transport layer 4 has a thickness of 50 nm, for example.
- Balq Bis- (2-methyl-8-quinolinolato) (p-phenylphenolato) aluminum
- Hex-Ir (phq) 3 An organic solution having a fixed concentration of 6 wt% using Tris [2- (4-n-hexylphenyl) quinoline)] iridium (III) is prepared in advance.
- the red / green mixed light emitting layer material droplet Lq is applied onto the entire surface of the hole transport layer 4 by the inkjet head 12 in the same manner as the inkjet method described above.
- the droplet film is vacuum-dried at a gas pressure of 0.1 to 50 Pa for 2 minutes using a vacuum drying apparatus, and baked by heat treatment at 130 ° C. for 10 minutes.
- a cured red-green mixed light emitting layer 5 covering the hole transport layer 4 is obtained.
- the thickness of the red / green mixed light emitting layer 5 is, for example, 40 nm.
- the dopant 4,4′-bis (2,2′-diphenylvinyl) biphenyl (so-called DPVBi) is vacuum-deposited together, whereby the blue light emitting layer 6 is formed with a thickness of, for example, 15 nm.
- Alq3 is vacuum-deposited on the blue light emitting layer 6 by a vacuum deposition method, whereby an Alq3 electron transport layer 7 is formed to a thickness of, for example, 30 nm.
- LiF lithium fluoride
- the electron injection layer 8 is formed with a thickness of, for example, 1 nm.
- the cathode 9 is formed with a thickness of, for example, 80 nm.
- the functional laminate FLB is formed from the hole injection layer 3 to the electron injection layer 8 here.
- the cathode 9 is formed in a strip shape so as to intersect the transparent anode 2 (auxiliary electrode BL) along the juxtaposition direction Y orthogonal to the extending direction X of the auxiliary electrode BL. At least a part of the end portion of the cathode 9 of the counter electrode film reaches the substrate 1 without being in contact with the auxiliary electrode BL and the transparent anode 2.
- a portion where the anode 2 and the cathode 9 overlap with each other to sandwich the functional laminate FLB defines a light emitting area of the organic EL panel. Thereafter, a sealed organic EL panel can be obtained through a sealing step.
- auxiliary electrode forming step (b) anode forming step, (c) hole transport layer forming step, (d) coating light emitting layer forming step, and (e) vapor deposition light emitting layer forming.
- An organic EL panel is manufactured by the process.
- the blue light-emitting layer 6 is formed by vacuum deposition, but all the light-emitting layers are formed by a combination of an ink jet coating process and a drying process, and coating and drying are performed for each functional layer that performs each function.
- a multilayer functional laminate FLB (hole injection layer 3 / hole transport layer 4 / red / green mixed light emitting layer 5 / blue light emitting layer 6 / electron transport layer 7) is formed. May be.
- a metal material such as AlNd is used as the auxiliary electrode BL, the anode 12 of the transparent conductive film is laminated on the auxiliary electrode BL, and the light emitted from the light emitting layer is emitted from the auxiliary electrode BL. Since it is diffused, the aperture ratio of the organic EL panel can be improved.
- an insulating bank material is used, and since the bank material generally uses a material that absorbs in the visible region such as a polyimide material, the color of the cathode is a metallic color. May damage the appearance. Moreover, since there is an absorbing material in the visible region, the emitted light may be lost in the bank.
- a metal such as AlNd is used as the auxiliary electrode BL, the appearance is the same as the Al metal color of the cathode 9 and the appearance is not impaired.
- the auxiliary electrode BL Even if the emitted light is diffused by the auxiliary electrode BL, it is emitted from the organic EL panel without being lost, so that a higher aperture ratio can be obtained than before. Furthermore, the electrical resistivity of the material of the auxiliary electrode BL is smaller than that of the material of the anode 2, and the anode 2 is in direct contact with the auxiliary electrode BL, so that the organic EL panel can be supplied with power efficiently. Furthermore, as described above, light emitted for increasing the aperture ratio can be emitted more efficiently, so that power consumption can be reduced compared to conventional devices in order to obtain a desired amount of light.
- two layers of the hole injection layer 3 and the hole transport layer 4 are formed on the anode 2 (transparent conductive film), but it is not limited to the formation of two layers, Only one layer of the hole injection layer or the hole transport layer, or three or more layers obtained by adding an electron blocking layer (not shown) to the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer may be formed by the light emitting layer.
- the materials for the cathode 9 are not limited to those described above.
- metals such as Al, Ag, Mo, Ti, Pt, Au, or alloys thereof can be used.
- auxiliary electrodes are not necessarily limited to the same cross-sectional shape, and need not have the same length in the line extending direction.
- the anode 2 is patterned by a sputtering method using a mask.
- the anode 2 can be formed by a wet coating method such as a screen printing method, an ink jet method, a spray coating method, a roll coating method, and a plate printing method in addition to the sputtering method.
- an IZO paste is applied onto the auxiliary electrode BL by ink jet printing to form an IZO paste coating film.
- a droplet Lq of IZO paste is applied in a predetermined pattern onto the substrate 1 and the auxiliary electrode BL by the inkjet head 12. Then, the substrate 1 is dried (for example, 150 to 200 ° C.) and then fired (for example, 400 to 600 ° C.) to form the anode 2 having a predetermined pattern covering the substrate 1 and the auxiliary electrode BL as shown in FIG.
- the anode 2 can be formed without a mask or an etching process, the film formation of the anode 2 is simplified.
- an IZO anode 2 transparent conductive film having a smooth main surface 2A and a tapered side surface 2C whose thickness gradually decreases toward the edge 2B can be easily obtained by sagging by printing.
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Abstract
Description
前記機能積層体は前記透明導電性膜の側面を被覆していることを特徴とする。
基板1としては、石英やガラスの板、金属板や金属箔、曲げられる樹脂基板、プラスチックフィルムやシートなどが用いられる。特にガラス板や、ポリエステル、ポリメタクリレート、ポリカーボネート、ポリスルホンなどの合成樹脂の透明板が好ましい。合成樹脂基板を使用する場合にはガスバリア性に留意する必要がある。基板のガスバリア性が小さすぎると、基板を通過した外気により有機ELパネルが劣化することがあるので好ましくない。よって、合成樹脂基板の少なくとも片面に緻密なシリコン酸化膜などを設けてガスバリア性を確保する方法も好ましい方法の一つである。
発光層までの機能層に正孔を供給する陽極2は、通常、インジウム酸化物とスズ酸化物の複合酸化物(所謂、ITO)などにより構成される。ITOの他に、陽極2はZnO、ZnO-Al2O3(所謂、AZO)、In2O3-ZnO(所謂、IZO)、SnO2-Sb2O3(所謂、ATO)、RuO2などにより構成され得る。さらに、陽極2の透明導電性膜は、有機EL材料から得られる発光波長において少なくとも10%以上の透過率を持つ材料を選択することが好ましい。
[正孔注入層]
正孔注入層3は、電子受容性化合物を含有する層とすることが好ましい。
正孔輸送層4の材料としては、従来、正孔輸送層の構成材料として用いられている材料であればよく、例えば、前述の正孔注入層に使用される正孔輸送性化合物として例示したものが挙げられる。また、アリールアミン誘導体、フルオレン誘導体、スピロ誘導体、カルバゾール誘導体、ピリジン誘導体、ピラジン誘導体、ピリミジン誘導体、トリアジン誘導体、キノリン誘導体、フェナントロリン誘導体、フタロシアニン誘導体、ポルフィリン誘導体、シロール誘導体、オリゴチオフェン誘導体、縮合多環芳香族誘導体、金属錯体などが挙げられる。また、例えば、ポリビニルカルバゾール誘導体、ポリアリールアミン誘導体、ポリビニルトリフェニルアミン誘導体、ポリフルオレン誘導体、ポリアリーレン誘導体、テトラフェニルベンジジンを含有するポリアリーレンエーテルサルホン誘導体、ポリアリーレンビニレン誘導体、ポリシロキサン誘導体、ポリチオフェン誘導体、ポリ(p-フェニレンビニレン)誘導体などが挙げられる。これらは、交互共重合体、ランダム重合体、ブロック重合体又はグラフト共重合体のいずれであってもよい。また、主鎖に枝分かれがあり末端部が3つ以上ある高分子や、所謂デンドリマーであってもよい。
赤緑混合発光層と青発光層の発光層は有機EL材料を含み、好ましくは、正孔輸送の性質を有する化合物(正孔輸送性化合物)、或いは、電子輸送の性質を有する化合物(電子輸送性化合物)を含有させることもできる。有機EL材料をドーパント材料として使用し、正孔輸送性化合物や電子輸送性化合物などをホスト材料として適宜使用してもよい。有機EL材料については特に限定はなく、所望の発光波長で発光し、発光効率が良好である物質を用いればよい。
[N-(1-ナフチル)-N-フェニルアミノ]ビフェニル(所謂、α-NPD)に代表される、2個以上の3級アミンを含み2個以上の縮合芳香族環が窒素原子に置換した芳香族ジアミン類や、4,4’,4”-トリス(1-ナフチルフェニルアミノ)トリフェニル
アミンなどのスターバースト構造を有する芳香族アミン化合物や、トリフェニルアミンの四量体から成る芳香族アミン化合物や、2,2’,7,7’-テトラキス-(ジフェニル
アミノ)-9,9’-スピロビフルオレンなどのスピロ化合物などが挙げられる。
(2’,2”-ビピリジル))-1,1-ジメチル-3,4-ジフェニルシロール(所謂
、PyPySPyPy)や、バソフェナントロリン(所謂、BPhen)や、2,9-ジメチル-4,7-ジフェニル-1,10-フェナントロリン(所謂、BCP、バソクプロイン)、2-(4-ビフェニリル)-5-(p-ターシャルブチルフェニル)-1,3,4-オキサジアゾール(所謂、tBu-PBD)や、4,4’-ビス(9H-カルバゾー
ル-9-イル)ビフェニル(所謂、CBP)などが挙げられる。なお、発光層において、電子輸送性化合物は、1種のみを用いてもよく、2種以上を任意の組み合わせ及び比率で併用してもよい。
電子輸送層7は、有機ELパネルの発光効率を更に向上させることを目的として設けられるもので、電界を与えられた電極間において陰極から注入された電子を効率よく発光層の方向に輸送することができる化合物より形成される。
質炭化シリコン、n型硫化亜鉛、n型セレン化亜鉛などが挙げられる。
電子注入層8は、陰極から注入された電子を効率良く発光層へ注入する役割を果たす。電子注入を効率よく行うには、電子注入層を形成する材料は、仕事関数の低い金属が好ましい。例としては、ナトリウムやセシウムなどのアルカリ金属、バリウムやカルシウムなどのアルカリ土類金属、それらの化合物(CsF、Cs2CO3、Li2O、LiF)などが用いられ、その膜厚は通常0.1nm以上、5nm以下が好ましい。
先ず、例えば、図3に示すように、洗浄された厚さ0.7mmのガラス板からなる透明な基板1を用意する。基板1の主面上に、該主面から離れて配置された非密着若しくは密着のマスク(図示せず)を用いたスパッタリング法によってAlNd(アルミニウム-ネオジウム合金)の補助電極BLが形成される。マスクのパターン開口を介してAlNdターゲットの飛沫材料を基板の所定部分に付着させて、エッジにテーパが付いた所定パターンの補助電極が得られる。基板1のXY表面上においてX方向に平行に伸長する複数の帯状の補助電極BLが一定ピッチで形成される。なお、補助電極BLは次工程で成膜される陽極2への給電ラインであり、その幅がその並置されるピッチよりも小さくなるように形成される。
図4に示すように、基板1の主面から離れて配置されたマスクを用いたスパッタリング法によって、基板1の主面及び補助電極BL上にIZO(In2O3-ZnO)の透明陽極2が形成される。補助電極BLを含む基板1上にマスクのパターン開口を介してIZOターゲットの飛沫材料を付着させて、エッジにテーパが付いた所定パターンのIZO膜が陽極2(透明導電性膜)として得られる。該飛沫材料がマスク開口からマスク基板間に回り込むために、透明陽極2の主面の平滑主面2Aからその縁部2Bに向けて膜厚が漸次減少するテーパ側面2Cが形成される。
先ず、エキシマ光照射装置(図示せず)を用いて前処理として、陽極2上にUV/O3(紫外線/オゾン)が照射され、IZO表面を洗浄する。
赤緑混合発光層材料として、ホストとしてBalq(Bis-(2-methyl-8- quinolinolato)(p-phenylphenolato)aluminum)を、ドーパントとしてHex-Ir(phq)3(Tris[2-(4-n-hexylphenyl)quinoline)]iridium(III))を用いた固定分濃度6wt%の有機溶液を調製しておく。
真空蒸着装置を用いて、赤緑混合発光層5上に、ホストの9,10-ジ(2-ナフチル)アントラセン(所謂、ADN)と、濃度6wt%となるようにドーパントの4,4’-ビス(2、2’-ジフェニルビニル)ビフェニル(所謂、DPVBi)とが共に真空蒸着され、これにより青発光層6が例えば、15nmの厚さで形成される。
上記の実施例においては、陽極2は、マスクを用いたスパッタリング法にてパタニングされている。陽極2はスパッタリング法の他、スクリーン印刷、インクジェット法、スプレーコート法、ロールコート法、有版印刷など湿式塗布法により形成することもできる。
2 陽極
3 正孔注入層
4 正孔輸送層
5 赤緑混合発光層
6 青発光層
7 電子輸送層
8 電子注入層
9 陰極
BL 補助電極
Claims (9)
- 基板と、前記基板上に積層された透明導電性膜と、前記透明導電性膜上に積層された少なくとも1層の発光層を含む機能積層体と、前記機能積層体上に積層された対向電極膜とを含み、前記透明導電性膜と前記対向電極膜に挟まれ且つ前記透明導電性膜と前記対向電極膜に重なる前記発光層が発光部となる有機ELパネルであって、
前記発光部下の前記基板上に形成され且つ前記透明導電性膜に直接覆われた少なくとも1つの補助電極を有し、
前記透明導電性膜は前記補助電極の膜厚を超える膜厚を有し、
前記機能積層体は前記透明導電性膜の側面を被覆していることを特徴とする有機ELパネル。 - 前記機能積層体の内の前記透明導電性膜に接する層は、湿式塗布法で形成され且つ少なくとも前記補助電極の膜厚よりも厚い膜厚を有することを特徴とする請求項1記載の有機ELパネル。
- 前記透明導電性膜は湿式塗布法又はマスクを用いたスパッタリング法で形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の有機ELパネル。
- 前記透明導電性膜の少なくとも一部はその最縁端に向けて膜厚が漸次減少するテーパ側面を有し、
前記機能積層体は前記透明導電性膜の前記テーパ側面を被覆していることを特徴とする請求項1記載の有機ELパネル。 - 前記機能積層体の端部の少なくとも一部が前記補助電極に接することなく前記基板に達していることを特徴とする請求項4記載の有機ELパネル。
- 前記対向電極膜の端部の少なくとも一部が前記補助電極に接することなく前記基板に達していることを特徴とする請求項4記載の有機ELパネル。
- 前記透明導電性膜の膜厚は1μm~5μmであることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか1つに記載の有機ELパネル。
- 基板と、前記基板上に積層された透明導電性膜と、前記透明導電性膜上に積層された少なくとも1層の発光層を含む機能積層体と、前記機能積層体上に積層された対向電極膜とを含み、前記透明導電性膜と前記対向電極膜に挟まれ且つ前記透明導電性膜と前記対向電極膜に重なる前記発光層が発光部となる有機ELパネルの製造方法であって、
基板の主面の一部上に少なくとも1つの補助電極を形成するステップと、
前記基板及び前記補助電極上に透明導電性膜を形成するステップと、
前記透明導電性膜を被覆する機能積層体を形成するステップと、を含み、
前記透明導電性膜を形成するステップにおいて、前記透明導電性膜の膜厚が前記補助電極の膜厚よりも厚く且つ前記発光部下の前記補助電極を前記透明導電性膜が完全に覆うように、湿式塗布法により、前記透明導電性膜を形成することを特徴とする有機ELパネルの製造方法。 - 基板と、前記基板上に積層された透明導電性膜と、前記透明導電性膜上に積層された少なくとも1層の発光層を含む機能積層体と、前記機能積層体上に積層された対向電極膜とを含み、前記透明導電性膜と前記対向電極膜に挟まれ且つ前記透明導電性膜と前記対向電極膜に重なる前記発光層が発光部となる有機ELパネルの製造方法であって、
基板の主面の一部上に少なくとも1つの補助電極を形成するステップと、
前記基板及び前記補助電極上に透明導電性膜を形成するステップと、
前記透明導電性膜を被覆する機能積層体を形成するステップと、を含み、
前記透明導電性膜を形成するステップにおいて、前記透明導電性膜の膜厚が前記補助電極の膜厚よりも厚く且つ前記発光部下の前記補助電極を前記透明導電性膜が完全に覆うように、マスクを用いたスパッタリング法により、前記透明導電性膜を形成することを特徴とする有機ELパネルの製造方法。
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US14/383,045 US20150048336A1 (en) | 2012-04-02 | 2012-04-02 | Organic electroluminescence panel and method for producing the same |
KR1020147025804A KR20140146070A (ko) | 2012-04-02 | 2012-04-02 | 유기 일렉트로루미네선스 패널 및 그의 제조 방법 |
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KR20140146070A (ko) | 2014-12-24 |
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US20150048336A1 (en) | 2015-02-19 |
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