WO2013143133A1 - 全基因组扩增方法及其应用 - Google Patents
全基因组扩增方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013143133A1 WO2013143133A1 PCT/CN2012/073348 CN2012073348W WO2013143133A1 WO 2013143133 A1 WO2013143133 A1 WO 2013143133A1 CN 2012073348 W CN2012073348 W CN 2012073348W WO 2013143133 A1 WO2013143133 A1 WO 2013143133A1
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- amplification reaction
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- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/26—Preparation of nitrogen-containing carbohydrates
- C12P19/28—N-glycosides
- C12P19/30—Nucleotides
- C12P19/34—Polynucleotides, e.g. nucleic acids, oligoribonucleotides
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6844—Nucleic acid amplification reactions
- C12Q1/686—Polymerase chain reaction [PCR]
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6806—Preparing nucleic acids for analysis, e.g. for polymerase chain reaction [PCR] assay
Definitions
- the present invention relates to whole genome amplification methods and their applications. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for amplifying a whole genome sample, a method for sequencing a whole genome, a method for determining whether an abnormal state exists in a whole genome, a device for amplifying a whole genome sample, and performing a whole genome The device being sequenced and the system that determines if there is an abnormal state in the genome. Background technique
- WGA Whole Genome Amplification
- Dop-PCR Degenerate Oligonucleotide-Primed PCR
- MDA Multiple Displacement Amplification
- the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.
- PCR-based whole genome amplification methods such as primers for degenerate oligonucleotide primer PCR (DOP-PCR), consist of a specific nucleotide sequence at the 3' and 5' ends and a middle 6 random nucleotides.
- the PCR procedure is to perform a few rigorous amplifications of the first cycle at low annealing temperatures and then increase the annealing temperature for tens of cycles of stringent amplification. Since the 3' end of the DOP-PCR primer is designed based on the sequence of high frequency appearing in the genome, it can be annealed to the genome multiple times under the initial low stringency amplification conditions, thereby universally amplifying the genome.
- the product of low stringency amplification is then amplified again in the next round of stringent amplification.
- the primers for DOP-PCR have multiple annealing sites throughout the genome, the same amount of primers and DNA polymerases reach saturation in the first few cycles and enter a linear growth phase.
- the inventors found that its linear growth characteristics are particularly relevant for subsequent studies of copy number differences. Lee.
- the inventors have further found that DOP-PCR has a large influence on the coverage of subsequent genomes due to the need to fragment the sample genome in advance and then add amplification adapters to both sides of the fragment. The inventors found that using the DOP-PCR method, the coverage genomic region currently available is only up to 30%.
- MDA Multiple displacement amplification
- Phi29 DNA polymerase initiates replication simultaneously at the annealing binding site.
- Phi29 DNA polymerase synthesizes DNA along the DNA template and replaces the complementary strand of the template. The replaced complementary strand becomes a new template and is amplified by random primer binding.
- the Phi 29 DNA polymerase used in the MDA reaction has strong template binding ability to the template, and can continuously amplify the 10Kb DNA template without dissociation from the template, and the enzyme also has a 3 ' ⁇ 5' excision. Enzyme activity ensures high fidelity of DNA replication.
- the invention proposes a method of amplifying a whole genome sample.
- the method comprises: performing the first amplification reaction on the whole genome sample to obtain a first amplification product; and performing the second amplification reaction on the first amplification product to obtain the first a second amplification product, wherein the first amplification reaction is one of a PCR-based amplification reaction and a constant temperature amplification reaction, and the second amplification reaction is an amplification reaction selected from PCR and a constant temperature amplification reaction Another one.
- the method for amplifying a whole genome sample it is possible to reduce the chimera produced by the constant temperature amplification reaction and to reduce the amplification bias while ensuring high coverage of the genome.
- the amplified product obtained by using the amplification method of the present invention can be used for analyzing chromosome number-based copy number variation (e.g., chromosome addition, deletion, and transfer) in the genome.
- the amplification method according to an embodiment of the present invention can be used to simultaneously perform detection of various abnormal states in a micro sample, such as simultaneously performing detection of a single nucleotide polymorphism SNP and a copy number variation CNV, thereby Provide more comprehensive information on the variability of the genome.
- the invention proposes a method for sequencing a whole genome.
- the method comprises: a method for amplifying a whole genome sample according to the method described above, The set of samples is amplified to obtain a whole genome amplification product; a whole genome sequencing library is constructed for the whole genome amplification product; and the whole genome sequencing library is sequenced.
- the method for sequencing a whole genome according to an embodiment of the present invention can be effectively used for analyzing chromosome number-based copy number variation in a genome by using a sequencing result obtained by using an amplification product obtained by a specific amplification method (such as chromosome addition, deletion and transfer).
- the sequencing result obtained by the sequencing method according to the embodiment of the present invention can be used to simultaneously perform detection of various abnormal states in a small amount of samples, such as simultaneously completing single nucleotide polymorphism SNP and copy number variation CNV.
- the detection of the genome thus provides more comprehensive information.
- the invention proposes a method of determining whether an abnormal state exists in a whole genome.
- the method comprises: sequencing the whole genome according to the method for sequencing a whole genome as described above to obtain sequencing data; and determining the whole genome based on the sequencing data Whether there is an abnormal state in the middle.
- a method for determining whether an abnormal state exists in a whole genome according to an embodiment of the present invention, based on a whole genome amplification product obtained by an amplification method according to an embodiment of the present invention, which can truly reflect a genome-wide condition, can effectively analyze a genome Chromosome-based copy number variation (eg, chromosomal addition, deletion, and transfer), and simultaneous detection of multiple abnormal states in a small sample, such as simultaneous completion of single nucleotide polymorphism SNPs and copy number variation CNV The detection of the genome thus provides more comprehensive information.
- a genome Chromosome-based copy number variation eg, chromosomal addition, deletion, and transfer
- simultaneous detection of multiple abnormal states in a small sample such as simultaneous completion of single nucleotide polymorphism SNPs and copy number variation CNV
- the invention provides an apparatus for amplifying a whole genome sample.
- the apparatus comprises a first amplification unit, the first amplification unit being adapted to perform the first amplification reaction on the whole genome sample to obtain a first amplification product; a unit, the second amplification unit is coupled to the first amplification unit, and is adapted to perform a second amplification reaction on the first amplification product to obtain a second amplification product, wherein the An amplification unit is adapted to perform one selected from the group consisting of a PCR-based amplification reaction and a constant temperature amplification reaction, the second amplification unit being adapted to perform another one selected from the group consisting of a PCR-based amplification reaction and a constant temperature amplification reactionkind.
- a method for amplifying a whole genome sample according to an embodiment of the present invention can be effectively implemented, thereby being capable of reducing a high coverage of a genome Chimera produced by constant temperature amplification reaction and reduced amplification bias.
- the resulting amplification product can be used to analyze chromosome-based copy number variation in the genome (such as chromosome addition, deletion and transfer), and can also be used to simultaneously detect multiple abnormal states in a small amount of sample, such as At the same time, the detection of single nucleotide polymorphism SNP and copy number variation CNV is completed, so that the variation of the genome provides more comprehensive information.
- the invention proposes an apparatus for sequencing a whole genome.
- the apparatus comprises: a whole genome amplification device, wherein the whole genome amplification device is a device for amplifying a whole genome sample as described above; a sequencing library construction device, the sequencing library construction device With the whole A genomic amplification device is ligated and is adapted to construct a whole genome sequencing library for the whole genome amplification product; and a sequencing device adapted to sequence the whole genome sequencing library.
- An apparatus for sequencing a whole genome can efficiently implement a method for sequencing a whole genome, thereby obtaining a sequencing result obtained by using an amplification product obtained by a specific amplification method, It can be effectively used to analyze chromosome-based copy number variation in the genome (eg, chromosome addition, deletion, and transfer). And the obtained sequencing result can be used for simultaneously detecting a plurality of abnormal states in a small amount of samples, such as simultaneously detecting the single nucleotide polymorphism SNP and the copy number variation CNV, thereby providing more variation of the genome.
- the invention proposes a system for determining whether an abnormal state exists in a whole genome.
- the system comprises: a whole genome sequencing device, the whole genome sequencing device for sequencing the whole genome described above, for sequencing the whole genome to obtain sequencing data; An analytical device coupled to the whole genome sequencing device and adapted to determine whether an abnormal state is present in the whole genome based on the sequencing data.
- a system for determining whether an abnormal state exists in a whole genome can effectively implement a method of determining whether an abnormal state exists in a whole genome, thereby being capable of efficiently analyzing a copy number variation in a genome in a genome (for example, Chromosomal addition, deletion and transfer), and can detect multiple abnormal states simultaneously in a small amount of samples, such as simultaneous detection of single nucleotide polymorphism SNPs and copy number variants CNV, so that genomic variation provides more Comprehensive information.
- the invention proposes a kit for amplifying a whole genome.
- the method includes: a first reagent for performing one of a PCR-based amplification reaction and a constant temperature amplification reaction; and a second reagent for performing the Another type of PCR amplification reaction and isothermal amplification reaction, wherein the first reagent and the second reagent are respectively disposed in different containers.
- FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for amplifying a whole genome sample according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 2 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for sequencing whole genomes in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing a method of determining whether an abnormal state exists in a whole genome according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of an apparatus for amplifying a whole genome sample according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a view showing the structure of an apparatus for sequencing a whole genome according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 7 shows a Circos diagram of 2, 4, 8, 16 hour MDA amplification of YH lymphocytes in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 8 shows an Circos diagram of the effect of combining MDA and DOP-PCR amplification methods on amplification bias in one embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 9 shows a comparison of M21 effect of T21 and YH lymphocytes according to one embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 10 shows the addition of ODP-PCR after testing for different durations of MDA reaction on T21 lymphocytes according to one embodiment of the present invention. Result;
- Figure 11 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 10.
- first and second as used herein are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining “first” and “second” may include one or more of the features, either explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present invention, “multiple” means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.
- connection shall be understood broadly, and may be either a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, unless otherwise specifically defined and defined;
- the connection may also be an electrical connection; it may be directly connected, or may be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be internal communication between the two elements.
- specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
- the present invention has been completed based on the following findings of the inventors:
- PCR-based whole genome amplification methods such as primers for degenerate oligonucleotide primer PCR (DOP-PCR), consist of a specific nucleotide sequence at the 3' and 5' ends and a middle 6 random nucleotides.
- the PCR procedure is to perform a few rigorous amplifications of the first cycle at low annealing temperatures and then increase the annealing temperature for tens of cycles of stringent amplification. Since the 3' end of the DOP-PCR primer is designed based on the sequence of high frequency appearing in the genome, it can be annealed to the genome in multiple initial conditions of low stringency amplification, thereby universally amplifying the genome.
- the product of low stringency amplification is then amplified again in the next round of stringent amplification.
- the primers for DOP-PCR have multiple annealing sites throughout the genome, the same amount of primers and DNA polymerases reach saturation in the first few cycles and enter a linear growth phase.
- the inventors have found that its linear growth characteristics are particularly advantageous for subsequent studies of copy number differences.
- DOP-PCR has a large influence on the coverage of subsequent genomes due to the need to fragment the sample genome in advance and then add amplification adapters to both sides of the fragment. The inventors found that using the DOP-PCR method, the coverage genomic region currently achieved is only up to 30%.
- MDA Multiple displacement amplification
- Phi29 DNA polymerase initiates replication simultaneously at the annealing binding site.
- Phi29 DNA polymerase synthesizes DNA along the DNA template and simultaneously replaces the complementary strand of the template. The replaced complementary strand becomes a new template and is amplified by random primer binding.
- the Phi 29 DNA polymerase used in the MDA reaction has strong template binding ability to the template, and can continuously amplify the 10Kb DNA template without dissociating from the template, and the enzyme also has 3 ' ⁇ 5 ' exo Enzyme activity ensures high fidelity of DNA replication.
- the method comprises:
- S100 Performing a first amplification reaction on the whole genome sample to be amplified, thereby obtaining a first amplification product.
- S200 after obtaining the first amplification product, performing the second amplification reaction on the obtained first amplification product, from While obtaining the second amplification product, the obtained second amplification product can constitute an amplified whole genome.
- the first amplification reaction and the second amplification reaction are each one selected from the group consisting of a PCR-based amplification reaction and a constant temperature amplification reaction.
- the first amplification reaction is different from the type of the second amplification reaction
- the first amplification reaction is one selected from the group consisting of a PCR-based amplification reaction and a constant temperature amplification reaction
- the second amplification reaction is selected from the group consisting of Another type of PCR amplification reaction and constant temperature amplification reaction, for example, the first amplification reaction is a PCR-based amplification reaction, and the second amplification reaction is a constant temperature amplification reaction.
- amplification products obtained by using the amplification method of the present invention can be used to analyze copy number variation (eg, chromosome addition, deletion, and transfer) in chromosomes in a genome.
- the amplification method according to an embodiment of the present invention can be used to simultaneously perform detection of various abnormal states in a micro sample, such as simultaneously performing detection of a single nucleotide polymorphism SNP and a copy number variation CNV, thereby Genomic variation provides more comprehensive information.
- PCR-based amplification reaction is not particularly limited, and may be selected from interspersed repetitive sequence (IRS) PCR according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- RIS interspersed repetitive sequence
- LA-PCR linker adapter technique PCR
- DOP-PCR degenerate oligonucleotide primer PCR
- PEP primer extension preamplification
- PEP primer extension preamplification
- PEP primer extension preamplification
- I-PEP improved PEP
- LMP ligation-mediated PCR
- LMP a, single cell comparative genomic hybridization
- SCOMP PCR b
- PRSG random cut genomic DNA
- linker-mediated PCR linker-ligation PCR
- DOP-PCR is used as a PCR-based amplification reaction
- amplification of DOP-PCR relies on a set of oligonucleotides with a 3'-end random sequence and a 5'-end partial immobilization sequence. These primers are designed to be able to anneal relatively uniformly.
- DOP-PCR can be performed by using a commercially available kit such as Sigma. Implemented by the GenomePlex Single Cell Whole Genome Amplification Kit.
- the term "constant temperature amplification reaction” used may also be referred to as “non-PCR-based linear amplification", and the specific type thereof is not particularly limited.
- the isothermal amplification reaction may be at least selected from the group consisting of a strand displacement amplification reaction (SDA), a multiple strand displacement amplification reaction (MDA), and a T7-based linear amplification reaction.
- SDA strand displacement amplification reaction
- MDA multiple strand displacement amplification reaction
- T7-based linear amplification reaction a T7-based linear amplification reaction.
- MDA utilizes a thermophilic DNA polymerase (also referred to herein as: Phi29 enzyme) cloned from Bacillus subtilis phage phi29 and an anti-exonuclease six-base random oligonucleotide primer for isothermal DNA. Amplification. Since the Phi29 enzyme has the property of strand displacement, this whole genome amplification method is called multiple displacement amplification (MDA). MDA technology uses random primers to anneal to template DNA at multiple sites, and Phi29 DNA polymerase initiates replication at multiple sites in the DNA. It synthesizes DNA along the DNA template, while replacing the complementary strand of the template, and the replaced complementary strand becomes a new template for amplification.
- Phi29 enzyme also referred to herein as: Phi29 enzyme
- the amplification system containing the cell genome can be incubated at a constant temperature of 30 ° C for 16 hours, and then heated to 65 ° C for 10 minutes to terminate the reaction, thereby completing the MDA amplification reaction.
- MDA amplification can be achieved by commercial kits, for example by using Qiagen's REPLI-g Mini Kit.
- the type of whole genome sample that can be used for amplification according to the method of the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited. According to the amplification method of the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently amplify a trace amount of the whole genome group sample.
- the whole genome sample used is a whole genome sample from a single cell.
- the order of the constant temperature amplification reaction and the PCR-based amplification reaction is not particularly limited.
- the first amplification reaction is a constant temperature amplification reaction
- the second amplification reaction is a PCR-based amplification reaction, that is, first, a constant temperature amplification reaction is performed, and then, the expansion of the constant temperature amplification reaction is performed.
- the product is subjected to a PCR-based amplification reaction.
- the first amplification reaction may be at least one selected from the group consisting of SDA, MDA, and RCA
- the second amplification reaction may be selected from the group consisting of LA-PCR, DOP-PCR, PEP, and At least one of the groups of LA-PCR.
- MDA is first performed, followed by DOP-PCR, i.e., the first amplification reaction is MDA, and the second amplification reaction is DOP-PCR.
- the progress time of the first amplification reaction and the second amplification reaction is not particularly limited, and according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first amplification reaction may be performed for 15 minutes to 2 hours, preferably 1 -2 hours. Thereby, the efficiency of amplification of whole genome samples can be further improved.
- an embodiment of the present invention includes:
- the whole genome sample is subjected to amplification amplification according to the method described above to obtain a whole genome amplification product.
- the step of extracting the whole genome sample from the single cell, and optionally the step of isolating the single cell from the biological sample may be further included.
- whole genome sequence information can be efficiently obtained from single cells isolated from biological samples.
- the type of whole genome is extracted from a single cell without particular limitation.
- the type of biological sample that can be used as a source of whole genome samples is not particularly limited.
- the biological sample that can be used is selected from the group consisting of blood and urine.
- At least one of liquid, saliva, tissue, germ cells, blastomeres and embryos can be conveniently obtained from an organism, and can be specifically sampled for certain diseases to obtain specific analytical means for certain specific diseases.
- separating the single cells from the biological sample is performed by at least one selected from the group consisting of a dilution method, a mouth pipette separation method, a micromanipulation, a flow cytometry, and a microfluidic method.
- the step of lysing the single cells to release the whole genome of the single cells may be further included.
- a method which can be used for lysing a single cell and releasing a whole genome is not particularly limited as long as single cell lysis can be preferably sufficiently lysed.
- the single cell can be cleaved with an alkaline lysate and the whole genome of the single cell can be released. The inventors have found that this can effectively lyse single cells and release the whole genome, and the released whole genome can improve the accuracy when sequencing, thereby further improving the efficiency of determining single cell chromosome aneuploidy.
- the whole genome sequencing library can be sequenced using at least one selected from the group consisting of Illumina Hiseq2000, ABI SOLiD, Roche 454, and single molecule sequencing devices.
- Illumina Hiseq2000 the group consisting of Illumina Hiseq2000, ABI SOLiD, Roche 454, and single molecule sequencing devices.
- Those skilled in the art can select different methods for constructing a whole genome sequencing library according to the specific scheme of the genome sequencing technology used. For details on constructing the whole genome sequencing library, refer to the protocol provided by the manufacturer of the sequencing instrument, such as Illumina, for example. See Illumina Corporation Multiplexing Sample Preparation Guide (Part #1005361; Feb 2010) or Paired-End SamplePrep Guide (Part #1005063; Feb 2010), which is incorporated herein by reference.
- the method for sequencing a whole genome according to an embodiment of the present invention can be effectively used for analyzing chromosome number-based copy number variation in a genome by using a sequencing result obtained by using an amplification product obtained by a specific amplification method (such as chromosome addition, deletion and transfer).
- a sequencing result obtained by the sequencing method according to the embodiment of the present invention can be used to simultaneously perform detection of various abnormal states in a small amount of samples, such as simultaneously completing single nucleotide polymorphism SNP and copy number variation CNV. The detection, thus the genomic variation, provides more comprehensive information.
- the invention proposes a method of determining whether an abnormal state exists in a whole genome.
- the method comprises:
- the whole genome is sequenced to obtain sequencing data according to the method for sequencing the whole genome as described above; S500: After obtaining the sequencing data, determining whether an abnormal state exists in the whole genome based on the sequencing data.
- a method for determining whether an abnormal state exists in a whole genome according to an embodiment of the present invention, based on a whole genome amplification product obtained by an amplification method according to an embodiment of the present invention, which can truly reflect a genome-wide condition, can effectively analyze a genome Chromosome-based copy number variation (eg, chromosomal addition, deletion, and transfer), and simultaneous detection of multiple abnormal states in a small sample, such as simultaneous completion of single nucleotide polymorphism SNPs and copy number variation CNV The detection, thus the genomic variation, provides more comprehensive information.
- a method of determining an abnormal state by analyzing the sequencing data is not particularly limited.
- whether or not an abnormal state exists in the genome can be determined by plotting a genomic Circos map based on the sequencing data.
- the type of the abnormal state is not particularly limited and may be at least one selected from the group consisting of a SNP and a CNV. Details on mapping genomic Circos can be found on the Circos official website at http://circos.ca/guide/genomic/. The use of Circos to map genomic data is widely used, in short, using Circos at 16 Jun The updated version of ⁇ .55-1 in 2011, the summary steps for mapping the genomic Circos are as follows:
- the invention provides an apparatus for amplifying a whole genome sample.
- the apparatus 1000 includes a first amplification unit 100 and a second amplification unit 200, wherein the first amplification unit 100 is adapted to perform a first amplification reaction on a whole genome sample, according to an embodiment of the present invention,
- the second amplification unit 200 is coupled to the first amplification unit 100 and is adapted to perform a second amplification reaction on the obtained first amplification product to obtain a second amplification product
- the first amplifying unit 100 is adapted to perform one selected from the group consisting of a PCR-based amplification reaction and a constant temperature amplification reaction
- the second amplification unit 200 is adapted to perform a PCR-based amplification reaction and a constant temperature amplification reaction.
- the first amplification unit 100 is adapted to perform a thermostatic amplification reaction and the second amplification unit 200 is adapted to perform a PCR-based amplification reaction.
- the first amplification unit 100 is adapted to perform MDA and the second amplification unit 200 is adapted to perform MAP-PCR.
- a method of amplifying a whole genome sample according to an embodiment of the present invention can be effectively implemented, thereby being able to secure a high genome
- the chimera produced by the constant temperature amplification reaction is reduced and the amplification bias is reduced.
- the obtained amplification product can be used to analyze chromosome-based copy number variation in the genome (such as chromosome addition, deletion and transfer), and can also be used to simultaneously perform detection of various abnormal states in a small sample, such as At the same time, the detection of single nucleotide polymorphism SNP and copy number variation CNV is completed, so that the variability of the genome provides more comprehensive information.
- the invention proposes an apparatus 10000 for sequencing a whole genome.
- the apparatus 10000 comprises: a whole genome amplification device 1000, a sequencing library construction device 300, and a sequencing device 400.
- whole genome amplification device 1000 is a device for amplifying whole genome samples as described above.
- the single cell separation unit and the single cell lysis unit may be further included, wherein the single cell separation unit is for separating single cells from the biological sample, and the single cell lysis unit is for receiving the isolated single cells and lysing the single cells Single cells, in order to release the whole genome of the single cells.
- the single cell separation unit may comprise means adapted to perform at least one selected from the group consisting of: dilution method, oral pipette separation method, display: operation, flow cytometry, and ⁇ : flow control law.
- sequencing library construction device 300 is coupled to whole genome amplification device 1000 and is adapted to construct a whole genome sequencing library for whole genome amplification products; sequencing device 400 is adapted to sequence a whole genome sequencing library.
- the sequencing device may include at least one selected from the group consisting of Illumina Hiseq2000, ABI SOLiD, Roche 454, and a single molecule sequencing device.
- an apparatus for sequencing a whole genome can efficiently implement a method for sequencing a whole genome, thereby obtaining an amplification product obtained by using a specific amplification method.
- the sequencing results can be effectively used to analyze chromosome-based copy number variation in the genome (eg, chromosome addition, deletion, and transfer).
- the obtained sequencing result can be used to simultaneously detect a plurality of abnormal states in a small amount of samples, such as simultaneously detecting the single nucleotide polymorphism SNP and the copy number variation CNV, thereby providing more variation in the genome.
- the invention proposes a system 100000 for determining whether an abnormal state exists in a whole genome.
- the system comprises: a whole genome sequencing device 10000 and an analysis device 500.
- whole genome sequencing device 10000 is the apparatus described above for sequencing whole genomes to sequence the whole genome and obtain sequencing data.
- Analytical device according to an embodiment of the invention 500 is coupled to a whole genome sequencing device 10000 and is adapted to determine whether an abnormal state exists in the whole genome based on the obtained sequencing data.
- the type of the analysis device 500 is not particularly limited.
- a genomic map of genomics suitable for mapping based on sequencing data can be employed to determine if an abnormal state exists in the genome.
- a system for determining whether an abnormal state exists in a whole genome can effectively implement a method of determining whether an abnormal state exists in a whole genome, thereby being capable of efficiently analyzing a copy number variation in a genome in a genome (for example, Chromosomal addition, deletion and transfer), and can detect multiple abnormal states simultaneously in a small amount of samples, such as simultaneous detection of single nucleotide polymorphism SNPs and copy number variants CNV, so that genomic variation provides more Comprehensive information.
- a copy number variation in a genome in a genome for example, Chromosomal addition, deletion and transfer
- the invention proposes a kit for amplifying a whole genome.
- the method includes: a first reagent for performing one of a PCR-based amplification reaction and a constant temperature amplification reaction; and a second reagent for performing the Another type of PCR amplification reaction and isothermal amplification reaction, wherein the first reagent and the second reagent are respectively disposed in different containers.
- the lymphocyte lineage in a healthy Asian male donor was used as a single cell collection material using the donor "Yanhuang", the first Asian sequence published in 2008.
- the medium containing the cells was washed with a PBS solution by high-speed centrifugation and removal of the supernatant, and finally the cells were resuspended in an appropriate amount of PBS solution.
- the obtained cell suspension was transferred to a culture medium, and a cell separation operation was performed using an oral pipette under an inverted microscope. The separated cells were treated according to the amplification method shown in Table 1.
- the DOP-PCR reaction process comprises: after collecting the cells, adding a cleavage and fragmentation buffer to which the proteinase K component has been added, lysing the cells and releasing the genome, and the genome is further interrupted into nucleic acid fragments. Subsequently, single cell library preparation buffer, library stabilization solution and corresponding biological enzymes (all from the kit: GenomePlex® Single Cell Whole Genome Amplification Kit) were added and incubated at 16 ° C, 24 ° C and 37 ° C respectively. After 20 minutes, the reaction was finally terminated at 75 ° C for 5 minutes.
- the obtained amplification reaction product was added to the amplification mixture and the whole genome amplification DNA was intoxicated (all from the kit: Sigma's GenomePlex Single Cell Whole Genome Amplification Kit), and then PCR reaction: 95 ° C for 3 minutes, 25
- the DNA was amplified by circulating at 94 ° C for 30 seconds and at 65 ° C for 5 minutes. After completion of the reaction, the DNA product can be used directly for downstream applications or stored at -20 °C.
- Qiagen's REPLI-g Mini Kit to achieve, in short: first use the alkaline lysate (ALB) containing potassium hydroxide to lyse the cells, then use DLB buffer (from the kit: REPLI-g Mini Kit) was used to prepare a nucleic acid denaturation buffer, and the sample was added to the sample for 3 minutes at room temperature for denaturation reaction. After the amplification reaction buffer containing Phi 29 polymerase was added to the sample, it was incubated at 30 ° C for 16 hours, and finally the polymerase was inactivated at 65 ° C for 10 min to terminate the reaction.
- ALB alkaline lysate
- DLB buffer from the kit: REPLI-g Mini Kit
- the DNA product can be used directly for downstream applications or stored at -20 °C.
- the genomic products obtained after treatment according to different amplification methods were constructed, and the sequencing library was constructed according to the short insert library construction method provided by the manufacturer of the Illumina Hiseq2000 platform. In short, it includes:
- the DNA product was disrupted to the insert of interest using a Covaris ultrasonic interrupter, followed by end-repair, end-added A bases, and a Pair-end standard universal flowcell linker attached to the Illumina sequencing platform.
- the product of the ligated link was amplified for 10 cycles with primers labeled with Index.
- the product is enriched according to library concentration, enabling multiple test libraries to be sequenced on the same lane on the same flowcell.
- the reaction is differentiated according to the respective added labels (Index) after the data is generated, thereby obtaining sequencing data of each sample.
- the original down data fastq. file is processed through preliminary processing. After removing the pollution data, low quality data and adaptor, input SOAP software for sequence assembly, and the sequencing depth and coverage of the sample genome can be obtained. The results are shown in Table 2.
- covered area refers to the depth value of the genomic region covered by the sequencing data greater than or equal to one filtered sequence; the term “average depth of the whole genome” indicates the sequence of the genome to be aligned (not necessarily covering the entire genomic region of the species) divided by the genome-wide ratio of the entire species; the term “coverage” means greater than or equal to the genome-wide ratio of the genomic region covered by a filtered sequence; The depth median value means that all reads are sorted by depth from high to low, taking the depth of the read in the middle of the sequence.
- the YH lymphocyte single cell whole genome was amplified by MDA combined with DOP-PCR (samples MDA1-DOP-2.2 and MDA2-DOP-2.3), and the whole genome average depth and coverage test values were significantly higher than The values obtained by genomic amplification using DOP-PCR (sample DOP-2.1) or MDA (sample MDA16-2.4) alone.
- Example 2 Whole genome amplification method for reducing amplification bias
- the inventors In order to reduce the amplification bias brought about by MDA, the inventors first performed a reaction time for reducing MDA.
- the normal MDA reaction time is 16 hours, and usually the MDA reaction time is divided into 4 gradients of 2 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, and 16 hours, respectively.
- the inventors used YH lymphocyte cells to pick single cells and amplified them according to the above MDA reaction time, and constructed a whole genome double-end library for sequencing.
- the resulting cellular genome Circos is shown in Figure 7. As shown in Fig. 7, the Circos diagram has a total of 5 ⁇ , the outermost ⁇ is the karyotype information, and the YH lymphocyte single cell after the MDA reaction is 2, 4, 8, and 16 hours from the outside to the inside.
- the genomic amplification situation as can be seen from Figure 7, as the MDA amplification time increases, the difference in coverage of genomic amplification will gradually increase.
- the inventors have found that the occurrence of amplification differences is due to the amplification characteristics of MD A.
- the random primers in the reaction solution are randomly bound to the template strand, and the number of primers bound on the allele and at different genomic positions is not necessarily equal, and the number of amplification products is gradually increased after prolonged amplification.
- the difference in GC content in the genomic sequence also has a certain effect on the binding of random primers to the template.
- Circos diagram obtained by testing the effects of the combination of MDA and DOP-PCR amplification methods on amplification bias is shown in Fig. 8.
- Circos represents YH lymphocyte single cell DDOP-PCR, MDA-'j, DOP-PCR, DOP-PCR after MDA for two hours, and 16-hour MDA from outside to inside. , a total of four amplification protocols amplified sample genome coverage.
- Example 3 Using a somatic cell in a trisomy 21 trial to validate a new method for reducing amplification bias to demonstrate that the combination of MDA and DOP-PCR was able to detect a wide range of CNVs in the genome, the researchers pooled peripheral blood lymphocytes from a donor of a trisomy 21 syndrome for single-cell amplification testing. The whole genome of the T21 and YH donors was first subjected to whole genome amplification, and the genomic Circos of each sample was obtained according to the method described above, as shown in Fig. 9. As shown in Fig.
- the Circos diagram shows T21 lymphocytes from 16 hours to MDA and T21 lymphocytes after 30 minutes of MDA, and half of the volume was taken out for 16 hours, and MDA and YH lymphocytes were 16 hours after MDA. It can be seen from Fig. 9 that if only two MLA amplification methods are used for the two kinds of lymphocytes, due to the existence of a very obvious amplification bias, it is impossible to distinguish a large range of CNV from the level of a single cell, that is, in the two cells. Significant differences in genomic folds were found on chromosome 21.
- the inventors set up an experimental design of DOP-PCR reaction after different time length MDA reactions, and once again performed whole genome amplification of lymphoid cells from T21 to obtain each sample.
- the genomic Circos is shown in Figure 10.
- the Circos diagram shows 1. DOP-PCR amplification from outside to inside; 2. 16-hour MDA amplification; 3. MDA after 15 minutes plus DOP-PCR amplification; 4. MDA after 30 minutes plus DOP- PCR amplification; 5. MDA 30 minutes after taking out half of the volume of product and then 16 hours of MDA amplification; 6. MDA 60 minutes after adding DOP-PCR amplification; 7.
- MDA 30 minutes after removal of half a volume of product and then DOP-PCR amplification As shown in Figure 10, for T21 lymphocyte single cell expansion, the addition of DOP-PCR amplification after MDA of different durations revealed that the baseline at position 21 of the genome was up-regulated, indicating that the chromosome 21 was aligned. The genomic sequence of the position is more than the adjacent chromosome. The most obvious ones are: 3. MDA 15 minutes after adding DOP-PCR amplification; 4. MDA 30 minutes after adding DOP-PCR amplification; 6. MDA 60 minutes after adding DOP-PCR amplification and ⁇ . MDA 30 minutes after removal of half volume The product was further subjected to DOP-PCR amplification.
- Figure 11 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 10, in which the T21 cells were subjected to an MDA reaction followed by a DOP-PCR reaction, a geos partial map of the genome.
- MD A plus DOP-PCR has the advantage of reducing the amplification bias.
- lymphocyte lineage from the first Asian genomic sequence donor was first used, for MDA and
- DOP-PCR Two whole genome amplification methods, DOP-PCR, were explored, demonstrating that the amplification method of the present invention can reduce amplification bias.
- peripheral blood from a 21-slice female patient after erythrocyte lysate is added to lyse and remove the nucleated red blood cells, the collected lymphocytes are sorted by a single pipette through a mouth pipette operation, and then collected. Single lymphocytes were subjected to DOP-PCR, MDA, and a combination of both for genome-wide amplification.
- the amplified product is then sequenced by a second-generation sequencing technique, and the distribution of the statistical sequence on the genomic chromosome, from the single At the level of the cells, the difference between the 21 trisomy and the healthy individual genome is distinguished.
- the whole genome amplification method of the present invention can reduce amplification bias. Therefore, the above examples demonstrate that the detection of large-scale chromosome addition, deletion and metastasis in the genome can be completed by only obtaining a small amount of samples, and the genomic level is provided for clinical diagnosis and treatment; on the other hand, simultaneous realization on a small sample can be realized.
- the detection of SNP and CNV conditions provides more comprehensive information for studying the variability of genomes such as tumor cells.
- the method for amplifying a whole genome sample of the present invention a method for sequencing a whole genome, a method for determining whether an abnormal state exists in a whole genome, a device for amplifying a whole genome sample, a device for sequencing a whole genome, and A system for determining whether there is an abnormal state in the whole genome can effectively amplify, sequence, and analyze the whole genome, and can reduce amplification preference.
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US14/378,935 US20150299753A1 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2012-03-30 | Whole genome amplification method and application thereof |
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CN105602939A (zh) * | 2015-09-02 | 2016-05-25 | 序康医疗科技(苏州)有限公司 | 扩增dna的方法 |
CN113436680A (zh) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-09-24 | 复旦大学附属妇产科医院 | 一种同时鉴别胚胎染色体结构异常和致病基因携带状态的方法 |
EP3901279A1 (en) * | 2015-10-18 | 2021-10-27 | Affymetrix, Inc. | Multiallelic genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms and indels |
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CN112359097A (zh) * | 2014-11-28 | 2021-02-12 | 深圳市海普洛斯生物科技有限公司 | 单细胞的全基因组的扩增方法及试剂盒 |
CN108103052B (zh) * | 2016-11-24 | 2021-05-07 | 浙江安诺优达生物科技有限公司 | 提高基因组覆盖度的单细胞全基因组扩增及文库构建方法 |
US11130991B2 (en) | 2017-03-08 | 2021-09-28 | The University Of Chicago | Method for highly sensitive DNA methylation analysis |
CN113684266A (zh) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-11-23 | 苏州贝康医疗器械有限公司 | 用于单细胞全基因组dna扩增产物质量评价的核酸组合物及方法 |
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CN105602939A (zh) * | 2015-09-02 | 2016-05-25 | 序康医疗科技(苏州)有限公司 | 扩增dna的方法 |
EP3901279A1 (en) * | 2015-10-18 | 2021-10-27 | Affymetrix, Inc. | Multiallelic genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms and indels |
CN113436680A (zh) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-09-24 | 复旦大学附属妇产科医院 | 一种同时鉴别胚胎染色体结构异常和致病基因携带状态的方法 |
CN113436680B (zh) * | 2020-05-22 | 2022-03-25 | 复旦大学附属妇产科医院 | 一种同时鉴别胚胎染色体结构异常和致病基因携带状态的方法 |
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