WO2013128866A1 - コークス製造用石炭の調製方法 - Google Patents
コークス製造用石炭の調製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013128866A1 WO2013128866A1 PCT/JP2013/001037 JP2013001037W WO2013128866A1 WO 2013128866 A1 WO2013128866 A1 WO 2013128866A1 JP 2013001037 W JP2013001037 W JP 2013001037W WO 2013128866 A1 WO2013128866 A1 WO 2013128866A1
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- coal
- coke
- particle size
- penetration distance
- distance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
- C10L5/08—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting without the aid of extraneous binders
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/04—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/04—Raw material of mineral origin to be used; Pretreatment thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
- G01N11/02—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by measuring flow of the material
- G01N11/04—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by measuring flow of the material through a restricted passage, e.g. tube, aperture
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for preparing coke-producing coal, which can prepare coke-producing coal using a test method for accurately evaluating softening and melting characteristics during coal dry distillation, thereby improving coke strength. .
- Coke used in the blast furnace method which is most commonly used as a steelmaking method, plays a number of roles such as iron ore reducing material, heat source, spacers, and the like.
- Coke is produced by dry-distilling blended coal in which various types of coal for coke production, which are pulverized and adjusted in particle size, are blended in a coke oven.
- Coal-producing coal softens and melts in the temperature range of about 350 ° C to 550 ° C during dry distillation, and at the same time, foams and expands with the generation of volatile matter.
- Semi-coke is burned by shrinkage in the process of raising the temperature to around 1000 ° C., and becomes robust coke. Therefore, the adhesion characteristics during softening and melting of coal greatly affect properties such as coke strength and particle size after dry distillation.
- a method of producing coke by adding a caking agent that exhibits high fluidity in the temperature range where coal softens and melts to the blended coal is generally used.
- the binder is specifically tar pitch, petroleum pitch, solvent refined coal, solvent extracted coal, and the like.
- the coke strength which is an important quality of coke, is greatly influenced by the coal properties, particularly the degree of coalification and softening and melting characteristics.
- the softening and melting property is a property of softening and melting when coal is heated, and is usually measured and evaluated by the fluidity, viscosity, adhesiveness and the like of the softened melt.
- a general method for measuring the fluidity at the time of softening and melting includes a coal fluidity test method based on the Gisela plastometer method specified in JIS M8801.
- the Gisela plastometer method coal pulverized to 425 ⁇ m or less is put into a predetermined crucible, heated at a specified temperature rise rate, measured for the rotation speed of a stirring rod with a specified torque applied, and divided into scales every minute. This is a method for expressing the softening and melting characteristics of a sample.
- Patent Document 1 there has been proposed a method for evaluating the softening and melting characteristics under conditions that consider the situation where the softening melt of coal is placed in the coke oven (Patent Document 1).
- measurement is performed under conditions in which softened and melted coal is constrained, and under conditions simulating the movement and penetration of the melt into the surrounding defect structure, and the penetration measured by this method.
- the distance is an indicator of coal softening and melting characteristics different from the conventional method.
- the object of the present invention is to solve such problems of the prior art and to increase the coke strength or suppress the reduction of the coke strength by applying an appropriate pretreatment to the coal according to the coal penetration distance. It is to provide a method for preparing such individual brands of coal.
- a method of preparing an individual brand of coal or caking additive used as a coke production raw material alone or in combination with other coal prior to arrival at a coke factory Prior to the arrival of the coal or binder in the individual brand of coal or binder with a permeation distance value of 15 mm or more measured by the following methods (A) to (D), to the coke plant.
- a method for preparing coke-producing coal wherein the particle size is adjusted so that the content of particles having a particle size of 6 mm or more in the coal or binder is 30% by mass or less.
- Coal or caking material is pulverized so that the particle size of 2 mm or less is 100% by mass, and the pulverized coal or caking material has a packing density of 0.8 g / cm 3 and a layer thickness of 10 mm.
- Create a sample by filling the container like (B) A glass bead having a diameter of 2 mm is placed on the sample so as to have a thickness equal to or greater than the permeation distance, (C) Heating in an inert gas atmosphere from room temperature to 550 ° C. at a heating rate of 3 ° C./min while applying a load from the top of the glass beads to 50 kPa, (D) The penetration distance of the molten sample that has penetrated into the glass bead layer is measured.
- a method of preparing individual brand coal or caking additive used as a coke production raw material alone or in combination with other coal before arrival at the coke factory Among the individual brands of coal or binder, a coal or binder having a penetration distance value of 15 mm or more measured by the following methods (A) to (D): In order to obtain a content of 6 mm or more in particle size in the coal or binder determined based on the following formula (1) from the hard glove grindability index HGI of the individual brand coal or binder: A method for preparing coal for coke production, wherein the particle size of the individual brand coal or caking additive is adjusted before arrival at the coke plant.
- a method of preparing an individual brand of coal or caking additive used as a coke production raw material alone or in combination with other coal before arrival at the coke factory Based on the relationship between the critical penetration distance and the maximum Gieseller fluidity, derived from the penetration distance and the highest Gieseller fluidity of one or more brands of coal or binder, Coal or caking that has a permeation distance of the individual brand of coal or caking material equal to or greater than a critical permeation distance calculated from the individual brand of Gieseller maximum fluidity based on the relationship between the marginal penetration distance and the Gieseler maximum fluidity.
- a method for preparing a coke-producing coal comprising adjusting the particle size of the material before arrival at the coke plant so that the content of the particle size of 6 mm or more in the coal or the binder is 30% by mass or less.
- a method of preparing an individual brand of coal or caking additive used as a coke production raw material alone or in combination with other coal before arrival at the coke factory Based on the relationship between the critical penetration distance and the maximum Gieseller fluidity, derived from the penetration distance and the highest Gieseller fluidity of one or more brands of coal or binder, Coal or caking that has an infiltration distance of the individual brand of coal or caking material that is equal to or greater than the critical infiltration distance calculated from the Guesser maximum fluidity of the individual brand based on the relationship between the marginal infiltration distance and the Gieseler maximum fluidity
- the material has a particle size of 6 mm or more in the coal or binder determined from the hard glove grindability index HGI of the individual brand coal or binder based on the following formula (1).
- a method for preparing coal for coke production wherein the particle size of the individual brand coal or caking additive is adjusted before arrival at the coke plant.
- the a ′ passes through the origin using the measured value of the common logarithm log MF of at least one kind of penetration distance of coal within the range of 1.75 ⁇ log MF ⁇ 2.50 and the Gieseler maximum fluidity MF.
- Coke is generally produced by dry distillation of coal blended with multiple brands with various grades. Usually, the quality of each brand is shipped after being adjusted in the coal producing area so as to satisfy the standard quality defined in the purchase contract or the like. Each brand of coal is transported after being pulverized to some extent in the coal-producing area, and further pulverized and blended at a coke plant to prepare blended coal for coke production.
- the coal at the time of softening and melting is softened and melted while being constrained by adjacent layers. Since the thermal conductivity of coal is small, the coal is not uniformly heated in the coke oven, and the state differs from the coke layer, the softened molten layer, and the coal layer from the furnace wall side that is the heating surface. Since the coke oven itself expands somewhat during dry distillation but hardly deforms, the softened and melted coal is constrained by the adjacent coke layer and coal layer.
- the permeation distance used in the present invention is a method for evaluating the softening and melting characteristics of coal and binder in a state that sufficiently simulates the environment around the coal and binder that has been softened and melted in a coke oven, More accurate softening and melting characteristics evaluation of coal is possible.
- the present inventors have found that the “penetration distance”, which is a new evaluation index for softening and melting characteristics, is an evaluation index superior to the conventional index in controlling coke strength.
- penetration distance it was found that coking characteristics of coal that could not be distinguished by conventional indicators can be evaluated, and it is possible to distinguish between coal that is suitable for coke production and coal that is not suitable for coke production. became.
- the present invention has been completed by finding that even if coal has an unfavorable penetration distance, adverse effects on coke properties can be eliminated by appropriately pretreating the coal.
- the measurement of the penetration distance can be performed as follows.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a measuring device for softening and melting characteristics (penetration distance) used in the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for heating a coal sample by applying a constant load to the coal sample and a material having through holes on the upper and lower surfaces.
- the lower part of the container 3 is filled with coal to form a sample 1, and a material 2 having through holes on the upper and lower surfaces is arranged on the sample 1.
- the sample 1 is heated to the softening and melting start temperature or higher, the sample is permeated into the material 2 having through holes on the upper and lower surfaces, and the permeation distance is measured. Heating is performed in an inert gas atmosphere.
- the inert gas refers to a gas that does not react with coal in the measurement temperature range
- representative gases include argon gas, helium gas, nitrogen gas, and the like.
- the penetration distance may be measured by heating the material having coal and the through-holes while maintaining a constant volume.
- An example of a measuring device for softening and melting characteristics (penetration distance) used in that case is shown in FIG.
- an expansion coefficient detecting rod 13 is arranged on the upper surface of a material 2 having through holes on the upper and lower surfaces, a weight 14 for applying a load is placed on the upper end of the expansion coefficient detecting rod 13, and a displacement meter 15 is placed thereon. And measure the expansion rate.
- the displacement meter 15 may be one that can measure the expansion range ( ⁇ 100% to 300%) of the expansion coefficient of the sample. Since it is necessary to maintain the inside of the heating system in an inert gas atmosphere, a non-contact type displacement meter is suitable, and it is desirable to use an optical displacement meter.
- the inert gas atmosphere is preferably a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the expansion coefficient detecting rod 13 may be buried in the particle packed layer, and therefore the material 2 having the through holes on the upper and lower surfaces and the expansion coefficient detecting rod 13. It is desirable to take measures to sandwich the board between the two.
- the load to be applied is preferably evenly applied to the upper surface of the material having through holes on the upper and lower surfaces arranged on the upper surface of the sample, and 5 to 80 kPa with respect to the area of the upper surface of the material having the through holes on the upper and lower surfaces, It is desirable to apply a pressure of preferably 15 to 55 kPa, most preferably 25 to 50 kPa.
- This pressure is preferably set based on the expansion pressure of the softened and molten layer in the coke oven, but as a result of examining the reproducibility of the measurement results and the ability to detect the difference in brands in various coals, It has been found that a slightly higher value of about 25 to 50 kPa is most preferable as a measurement condition.
- a heating means that can be heated at a predetermined rate of temperature while measuring the temperature of the sample.
- a heating means that can be heated at a predetermined rate of temperature while measuring the temperature of the sample.
- an electric furnace an external heating type that combines a conductive container and high frequency induction, or an internal heating type such as a microwave.
- the internal heating method it is necessary to devise a method for making the temperature in the sample uniform, and for example, it is preferable to take measures to increase the heat insulation of the container.
- the heating rate is preferably matched with the heating rate of the coal in the coke oven for the purpose of simulating the softening and melting behavior of the coal and the caking additive in the coke oven.
- the heating rate of coal in the softening and melting temperature range in the coke oven is approximately 2 to 10 ° C / min, although it varies depending on the position and operating conditions in the oven, and the average heating rate should be 2 to 4 ° C / min. The most desirable is about 3 ° C./min. However, in the case of coal with low fluidity such as non-slightly caking coal, the permeation distance and expansion are small at 3 ° C./min, which may make detection difficult.
- the temperature range for heating since the purpose is to evaluate the softening and melting characteristics of coal and binder, it is only necessary to be able to heat to the softening and melting temperature range of coal and binder.
- the softening and melting temperature range of coal and coking material for coke production in the range of 0 ° C (room temperature) to 550 ° C, particularly in the range of 300 to 550 ° C, which is the softening and melting temperature of coal, at a predetermined heating rate. What is necessary is just to heat.
- the material having the through holes on the upper and lower surfaces can measure or calculate the transmission coefficient in advance.
- Examples of the form of the material include an integrated material having a through hole and a particle packed layer.
- Examples of the integrated material having a through hole include a material having a circular through hole 16 as shown in FIG. 2, a material having a rectangular through hole, and a material having an indeterminate shape.
- the particle packed layer is roughly divided into a spherical particle packed layer and a non-spherical particle packed layer.
- the spherical particle packed layer is composed of beads packed particles 17 as shown in FIG. 3, and the non-spherical particle packed layer is not suitable. Examples thereof include regular particles and those made of filled cylinders 18 as shown in FIG.
- the transmission coefficient in the material is as uniform as possible and that the calculation of the transmission coefficient is easy in order to simplify the measurement. Therefore, the use of a spherical particle packed bed is particularly desirable for the material having through holes on the upper and lower surfaces used in the present invention.
- the material having the through holes on the upper and lower surfaces is not particularly specified as long as the shape hardly changes to the coal softening and melting temperature range, specifically up to 600 ° C., and does not react with coal. Further, the height is sufficient if it is sufficient to allow the coal melt to permeate. When a coal layer having a thickness of 5 to 20 mm is heated, it may be about 20 to 100 mm.
- the transmission coefficient of the material having through holes on the upper and lower surfaces needs to be set by estimating the transmission coefficient of coarse defects present in the coke layer.
- the transmission coefficient is 1 ⁇ 10 8 to 2 ⁇ 10 9 m ⁇ 2 as a result of repeated studies by the present inventors, such as consideration of coarse defect constituent factors and estimation of the size, which are particularly desirable for the present invention was found to be optimal.
- This transmission coefficient is derived based on the Darcy rule expressed by the following equation (4).
- ⁇ P is the pressure loss [Pa] in the material having through holes on the upper and lower surfaces
- L is the height [m] of the material having the through holes
- K is the transmission coefficient [m ⁇ 2 ]
- ⁇ is the fluid Viscosity [Pa ⁇ s]
- u is fluid velocity [m / s].
- glass beads having a diameter of about 0.2 mm to 3.5 mm are used in order to have the above-described preferable transmission coefficient. It is desirable to choose, most preferably 2 mm.
- the coal and binder used as the measurement sample are pulverized in advance and filled to a predetermined layer thickness with a predetermined packing density.
- the pulverized particle size may be the particle size of the coal charged in the coke oven (the ratio of particles having a particle size of 3 mm or less is about 70 to 80% by mass), and pulverized so that the particle size of 3 mm or less is 70% by mass or more.
- the density for filling the pulverized product can be 0.7 to 0.9 g / cm 3 in accordance with the packing density in the coke oven.
- the layer thickness to be filled can be 5 to 20 mm based on the thickness of the softened and melted layer in the coke oven. However, as a result of studying reproducibility and detection power, the layer thickness should be 10 mm. I found it preferable.
- the penetration distance of the softened melt of coal and binder can be measured continuously during heating.
- continuous measurement is difficult due to the influence of tar generated from the sample.
- the expansion and infiltration phenomenon of coal by heating is irreversible, and once expanded and infiltrated, the shape is maintained even after cooling, so after the coal melt has been infiltrated, the entire container is cooled, You may make it measure how much it penetrate
- the softened melt that has permeated the interparticle voids fixes the entire particle layer up to the permeated portion. Therefore, if the relationship between the mass and height of the particle packed bed is obtained in advance, the mass of the non-adhered particles is measured after the infiltration, and the mass of the adhering particles is derived by subtracting from the initial mass. And the penetration distance can be calculated therefrom.
- the coal that causes a decrease in coke strength when used in a coke production raw material is a coal having a specific permeation distance or more, and the permeation limit. It has been found that it is effective to define the distance in the following three ways (A) to (C).
- Limit penetration distance 1.3 x a x logMFc (2)
- a is measured by measuring at least one permeation distance and log MF of coal in the range of log MF ⁇ 2.5, and using the measured values, a log line coefficient of 0. It is a constant in the range of 7 to 1.0 times.
- MFc is the coalescer highest fluidity (ddpm) for which the limit penetration distance is to be determined.
- Limit penetration distance a ′ ⁇ logMFc + b (3)
- a ′ is the coefficient of log MF when measuring the penetration distance and maximum fluidity of at least one type of coal in the range of log MF ⁇ 2.5 and creating a regression line passing through the origin using the measured values. It is a constant in the range of 0.7 to 1.0 times.
- b is a constant that is not less than the average value of the standard deviation when measuring one or more types of the same sample selected from the brands used for creating the regression line, and not more than 5 times the average value.
- MFc is the coalescer highest fluidity (ddpm) for which the limit penetration distance is to be determined.
- a coal sample prepared to have a particle size of 2 mm or less and a particle size of 100 mass% is filled into a container with a packing density of 0.8 g / cm 3 to a thickness of 10 mm, and glass beads with a diameter of 2 mm are used as materials having through holes.
- the permeation distance is 15 mm as the permeation distance when measured by heating to 550 ° C. at a heating rate of 3 ° C./min with a load of 50 kPa.
- the three types of limit penetration distances (A) to (C) described above are shown because the penetration distance value has set measurement conditions, for example, load, heating rate, and through hole. Because it changes depending on the type of material, the configuration of the equipment, etc., considering that there may be measurement conditions different from the example described in the present invention, as a result of limiting penetration as shown in (a) to (c) This is based on the finding that the method of determining the distance is effective.
- the constants a and a ′ in the formulas used in the methods (a) and (b) measure at least one penetration distance and maximum fluidity of coal in the range of log MF ⁇ 2.5, and the measured values. Is used to determine a range of 0.7 to 1.0 times the log MF coefficient when a regression line passing through the origin is created. This is because, in the range of log MF ⁇ 2.5, there is an almost positive correlation between the maximum coal flow rate and the penetration distance. This is because the brand is biased. As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have a brand that falls within a range of 1.3 times or more the penetration distance determined according to the log MF value of coal according to the above regression equation, which leads to a decrease in strength.
- the limit penetration distance was specified as shown in (a). Further, in the method (b), in order to detect a brand deviating positively beyond the measurement error from the regression equation, the regression equation is calculated by adding 1 of the average value of standard deviations when the same sample is measured a plurality of times. It was found that brands falling in the range of the value of adding up to 5 times or more were brands that caused a decrease in strength, and the constant b of the limit penetration distance was defined as shown in (b). Therefore, the constant b may be 1 to 5 times the standard deviation when the same sample is measured a plurality of times. In the case of the measurement conditions described in the embodiment of the present invention, the constant b is about 0.6 to 3.0 mm. It is.
- the range of the penetration distance that causes the strength reduction is determined based on the log MF value of the coal. This is because, as the MF increases, the penetration distance generally increases, so how much deviation is important from the correlation.
- both the constants a and a ′, b define the range is that by adopting a value as small as possible, coal that causes a decrease in strength can be detected more reliably. Can be adjusted according to operational requirements. However, if this value is too small, too much coal is estimated to have an adverse effect on coke strength, and it may be misunderstood that even if it does not cause strength reduction, it will cause strength reduction. Therefore, a and a ′ are set to 0.7 to 1.0 times the slope of the regression line, and b is set to 1 to 5 of the average value of standard deviations when the same sample is measured a plurality of times. Double.
- a, a ′, and b can be set appropriately, and the relationship between the coal penetration distance and the maximum fluidity can be determined in advance as described above, and the value can be set.
- a and a ′ can be set to 1.89 to 2.70, and b can be set to 0.6 to 3.0.
- the coal types and blending ratios employed in Example 1 are general conditions in coke production, and in fact, the upper limit is to prevent misidentification that even if the coal does not cause strength reduction, it causes strength reduction. It is preferable to adopt a value.
- Limit penetration distance 1.3 ⁇ 2.7 ⁇ logMFc (2 ′)
- Limit penetration distance 2.7 x logMFc + 3.0 (3 ')
- Coal having a permeation distance value greater than the critical permeation distance required by the above methods (a) to (c) is coarse when coking, when used as a coke raw material coal (coking coal) by ordinary operations. Since the defect is left and the structure of the thin pore wall is formed, the coke strength is lowered.
- the present inventors are able to suppress a decrease in strength by changing the particle size of the coal even when blended coal obtained by blending coal of more than the limit penetration distance is used as a coke raw material. I found out. The process of the discussion will be described below using schematic diagrams.
- Fig. 5 schematically shows the state of defect structure generation when coking coal blended with coal longer than the permeation distance.
- the coal particles 19 having a critical permeation distance or more greatly penetrate into the voids between the filler particles and coarse defects during coking, so that a thin pore wall is formed and the coarse defects 22 are formed where the particles originally existed. This causes a decrease in coke strength (FIG. 5B).
- Fig. 6 schematically shows the generation state of the defect structure when coking coal blended with coal less than the critical penetration distance.
- Coal particles 20 less than the critical permeation distance do not penetrate much into the voids between filler particles and coarse defects during coking, thus forming a thick pore wall and coarse defects where the particles were originally located. And no reduction in coke strength is caused (FIG. 6 (b)).
- FIG. 7 schematically shows the generation state of the defect structure when the coal blend obtained by finely pulverizing the coal 19 having a permeation distance or longer is coke.
- the coal 19 particles having a distance greater than or equal to the critical permeation distance penetrate significantly into voids between the filler particles and coarse defects during coking.
- the defect formed at the place where the particles were originally formed becomes small, a decrease in coke strength can be suppressed (FIG. 7B).
- the same particle size as that of the coal that exceeds the critical penetration distance before arrival at the coke plant is preferable to adjust the particle size up to.
- the present inventors further examined how finely blended coal more than the limit penetration distance can suppress the strength reduction. As a result, it has been found that when the content of particles of 6 mm or more in coal is 5% by mass or less, no significant strength reduction occurs.
- FIG. 13 in Example 2 which will be described later, if the content of particles of 6 mm or more in the coal is 5% by mass or less, even if the coal more than the limit penetration distance is 8% by mass (less than 12% by mass). DI150 / 15 equivalent to the case where only 2% by mass or less was blended was obtained, and the influence of blending coal of more than the critical permeation distance, that is, the reduction in coke strength could be prevented.
- the particle size of the coal is measured by sieving using a sieve with a predetermined opening while the moisture of the coal is dried to 6% by mass or less, and measured by the mass ratio of the particles on or under the sieve to the total sample. can do. It is preferable that the water content of the coal is 6% by mass or less because the coal particles do not form pseudo particles or the fine powder does not adhere to the coarse particles, and no error occurs in the measured particle size.
- the coke factory In order to make the content ratio of the particle size of 6 mm or more in the individual brand coal charged in the coke oven to 5 mass% or less when using standard coke factory grinding conditions, the coke factory It has also been found that the content ratio of the particle size of 6 mm or more in the coal may be 30% by mass or less before arrival in the coal. In a coke factory, generally, 10 to 15 brands of coal are blended to produce coke, and then mixed with many brands of coal and then pulverized. At that time, if the particle size of a specific brand is coarse, it is difficult to make the particle size of only the specific brand fine by strengthening the pulverization conditions in the pulverization after blending.
- the inventors have further studied, and if the content of the particle size of 6 mm or more in the coal is 30% by mass or less before arrival at the coke plant, the particle size in the individual brand coal charged in the coke oven is 30% by mass or less. It has been found that the content of 6 mm or more is 5% by mass or less, and the present invention has been completed.
- HGI hard glove grindability index
- the present invention is characterized by adjusting the particle size when the coal is shipped from the production point before it arrives at the coke factory.
- the HGI of high permeation distance coal with a permeation distance of 15 mm or more is in the range of about 60 to about 80.
- the blended coal has a particle size suitable for coke production ( In order to reduce the content of particles of 6 mm or more to 5 mass% or less by pulverizing the high permeation distance charcoal under pulverization conditions such that the content of particles of 3 mm or less is 70 to 80 mass%) It has been found that the particle size supplied to the machine may be a ratio of 6 mm or more and 30% by mass or less.
- the particle size when the coal is shipped from the production point before it arrives at the coke factory is determined according to the following formula (1).
- the HGI of coal is normally distributed in the range of 40 to 100, but as described above, the HGI of coal with a high penetration distance is about 60 to about 80. Therefore, the content of particles with a particle size of 6 mm or more is 30% by mass or less. If it exists, the effect of this invention can be show
- the particle size of coal with a high penetration distance is more preferable, as described above, if the particle size of coal is adjusted so that the content of particles with a particle size of 6 mm or more is 5% by mass or less, coal with a high penetration distance is blended.
- the coal generally charged in the coke oven has a content ratio of particles having a particle size of 6 mm or more by means of pulverization or the like in the coke factory after receiving the coke factory. Since the particle size is adjusted to be about mass% or less, it is not necessary to reduce the particle size of coal until the content of particles having a particle diameter of 6 mm or more is less than 5 mass% before arrival at the coke factory.
- the method of mining so that the granularity becomes fine at the coal mining stage, the coal selection process and blending from mining to shipping
- the particle size can be adjusted by crushing, classification, sieving, etc. in the process.
- the penetration distance is also measured, and the particle size may be adjusted by, for example, the above method based on the measured value.
- the individual brand coking coal in the present invention is defined as a unit of coking coal managed as a single lot at the time of arrival at the coke manufacturing plant or shipment from the coal production site.
- the representative analysis value obtained by sampling from that lot is used to express the properties of the entire lot, or when it is loaded into a coal yard as a single lot, Including the case where it is traded as a single lot or brand name in the purchase contract. Therefore, the preparation of coking coal in the present invention does not include the case where processing is performed after arrival at the coke manufacturing plant, but if the coal is processed at a stage prior to arrival at the coke manufacturing plant, the coal is a single brand. Defined as coking coal.
- the arrival at the coke factory means that the coke factory accepts it in a coal yard or coal hopper attached to the coke factory for pulverization to a particle size suitable for coke production or blending with other brands of coal. For example, in the case of a steelworks in the coastal area, it is common for coal to be received at the raw quay and then delivered to the coal yard attached to the coke plant. It can be interpreted as arrival at a coke factory.
- shipment from the coal production site means that the above-mentioned individual brand of coal is sent from the mountain or the shipping base by means of transportation such as ships, wagons, trucks, and conveyors.
- transportation such as ships, wagons, trucks, and conveyors.
- shipment means shipment, freight car, etc.
- its shipping stage is not questioned (after being shipped by freight car, it is transshipped to a ship.
- both fall under shipping This is because once recognized as an individual brand of coal (except for inevitable ones), there is no subsequent change in composition or particle size.
- the following describes the method for determining the optimal pretreatment conditions for coal over the critical penetration distance.
- Example 1 Confirmation of difference between penetration distance and conventional softening and melting characteristics (Gieseller maximum fluidity), influence of difference in penetration distance on coke strength, and determination of critical penetration distance 18 types of coal (Coal A ⁇ R) and one kind of binder (binding agent S) were measured for penetration distance.
- Table 1 shows the properties of the used coal or binder.
- Ro is the Vitrinite average maximum reflectance of coal of JIS M 8816
- log MF is the common logarithm of the maximum fluidity (Maximum Fluidity: MF) measured by the Gisela plastometer method
- volatile content (VM), ash content (Ash) Are measured values according to the industrial analysis method of JIS M 8812.
- the penetration distance was measured using the apparatus shown in FIG. Since the heating method was a high frequency induction heating type, the heating element 8 in FIG. 1 was an induction heating coil, and the material of the container 3 was graphite, which is a dielectric.
- the diameter of the container was 18 mm, the height was 37 mm, and glass beads with a diameter of 2 mm were used as materials having through holes on the upper and lower surfaces.
- the sample 1 was filled by loading 2.04 g of a coal sample pulverized to a particle size of 2 mm or less and vacuum-dried at room temperature into the container 3 and dropping a weight of 200 g from the top of the coal sample 5 times at a fall distance of 20 mm. (In this state, the sample layer thickness was 10 mm).
- glass beads having a diameter of 2 mm were placed on the packed layer of Sample 1 so as to have a thickness of 25 mm.
- a sillimanite disk having a diameter of 17 mm and a thickness of 5 mm is placed on the glass bead packed layer, a quartz rod is placed thereon as the expansion coefficient detecting rod 13, and a weight of 1.3 kg is placed on the quartz rod. placed. Thereby, the pressure applied on the sillimanite disk becomes 50 kPa. Nitrogen gas was used as the inert gas, and the mixture was heated to 550 ° C. at a heating rate of 3 ° C./min.
- the measured penetration value is the method of this embodiment for the same brand. It was confirmed that the values were almost the same.
- the permeation distance was the filling height of the fixed bead layer.
- the relationship between the filling height and the mass of the glass bead packed bed was obtained in advance, and the glass bead filling height could be derived from the mass of the beads to which the softened and melted coal was fixed.
- the result was equation (5), and the penetration distance was derived from equation (5).
- L (GM) ⁇ H (5)
- L is the penetration distance [mm]
- G is the mass of the filled glass beads [g]
- M is the mass of the beads not fixed to the softened melt [g]
- H is the glass beads filled in this experimental apparatus. It represents the height of the packed bed per gram [mm / g].
- FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the measurement results of the penetration distance and the logarithmic value (log MF) of the maximum fluidity (Maximum Fluidity: MF).
- log MF logarithmic value of the maximum fluidity
- the penetration distance of coal A is 8.0 mm, which is less than the critical penetration distance according to (c).
- the permeation distance of F charcoal is 19.5 mm, which is more than the limit permeation distance based on (c).
- the constants a and a ′ of the formulas (2) and (3) are calculated based on the values of the penetration distance and the maximum fluidity of coal in the range of logMF ⁇ 2.5 among the coals constituting the blended coal. Then, the slope of the regression line was calculated and determined to be 2.70 which coincided with the slope.
- the constant b in the formula (3) was determined to be 3.0 from 5 times the value of the standard deviation 0.6 under the measurement conditions of the example of the present invention. Based on these equations, the results of examining the positional relationship between the penetration distance and maximum fluidity of the binder used in this example and the critical penetration distance shown in the above (i) and (b) are shown in FIG. Each is shown in FIG. From FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, F coal is coal more than the limit penetration distance shown in (A) and (B), and A coal is less than the limit penetration distance.
- the moisture content of the entire blended coal described in Table 2 was adjusted to 8 mass%, and 16 kg of the blended coal was filled into a dry distillation can so that the bulk density was 750 kg / m 3, and a 10 kg weight was placed thereon.
- the product was taken out from the furnace and cooled with nitrogen to obtain coke.
- the coke strength of the obtained coke was measured based on the rotational strength test method of JIS K 2151 by measuring the mass ratio of coke with a particle size of 15 mm or more after 15 rpm and 150 revolutions, and the mass ratio with the pre-rotation drum strength DI150 / Calculated as 15.
- CSR compressngth after hot CO 2 reaction, measured in accordance with ISO18894 method
- MSI + 65 microintensity
- Table 2 shows the drum strength measurement results. Moreover, the relationship between the maximum particle size of coal A and coal F and drum strength is shown in FIG. In any particle size, it was confirmed that the coal blended with coal F having the above-mentioned critical penetration distance or more had lower strength than the coal blended with coal A having a critical penetration distance or less.
- the log MF values of Coal A and F Coal are not significantly different, and despite the fact that the experiment was conducted under the same weighted average log MF value of the blended coal, there was a difference in coke strength. It was confirmed that the value of the penetration distance measured in the invention is a factor affecting the strength and cannot be explained by the conventional factor.
- the inventors of the present invention dry-distilled blended coal prepared by variously changing the blending ratio of coal or caking material over the critical permeation distance in an actual coke oven, and measured drum strength DI 150/15 as coke strength after dry distillation.
- the relationship between the ratio of the particle size of the blended coal having a particle size of 6 mm or more and the coke strength was investigated, and based on the result, the extent to which the coal exceeding the critical penetration distance should be crushed was investigated.
- Table 3 shows the average properties of the blended coal used, the carbonization temperature, and the coal temperature after carbonization. The variation of the average properties of coal blend, the carbonization temperature, and the temperature in the coal after carbonization was reduced to eliminate the influence of these factors on the coke strength as much as possible.
- FIG. 13 shows the relationship between the ratio of the coal blend particle size of 6 mm or more and the measured coke strength.
- the ratio of the particle size of 6 mm or more increases, and when the overall coal particle size becomes coarse, the coke strength was confirmed to decrease.
- the strength decrease due to coarsening of the coal particle size was slight. This indicates that even if the coal blend has the same particle size as a whole, the coke strength is lowered if coal exceeding the critical permeation distance is contained therein.
- the ratio of the particles of 6 mm or more in the blended coal is about 5% by mass or less, the strength of the coke obtained even if the blended coal does not include coal of the critical permeation distance or more is almost the same.
- the limit penetration until the content of particles of 6 mm or more becomes 5 mass% or less. If coal longer than the distance is pulverized, it is estimated that a reduction in coke strength due to blending of coal longer than the permeation distance can be suppressed. This is because coal with a large penetration distance tends to form coarse defects as shown in FIG. 5, so the generation of coarse defects is suppressed by reducing the content of coal particles with a large particle size, and the coke strength is reduced. It is thought that it contributes remarkably to improvement.
- Example 3 Determination of individual brand conditions for pulverizing a coal having a particle size of 6 mm or more to 5% by mass in a coke plant, where the coal is more than the critical permeation distance.
- the harder the coal the coarser the particle size of the coal after pulverization under the same pulverization conditions. Therefore, the particle size condition of the supplied coal was investigated so that the coal having a particle size of 6 mm or more was pulverized to 5 mass% or less by pulverization in a normal coke factory.
- the pulverization in the coke plant will result in 6 mm or more. It has been found that the content is pulverized to a particle size of 5% by mass.
- HGI-60 is an index determined by the grindability test method described in JISM8801.
- Example 4 Effect of improving coke strength by adjusting the grain size of individual brands
- the content ratio of particles of 6 mm or more in coal to be shipped after carrying out normal mining and coal preparation treatment is 39% by mass
- the coal G after being selected was pulverized with an impact crusher to prepare a coal in which the content of particles of 6 mm or more in the coal was 30% by mass (this coal is referred to as G ′ coal).
- G ′ coal After receiving G coal and G 'coal at the coke plant, the blending ratio of G coal or G' coal is 10% by mass, and is combined with A, B, H, J, L, N, O, R coal and weighted.
- the permeation distance of G charcoal and G ′ charcoal is 19.0 mm as measured by the method described in Example 1, and is a coal that is equal to or greater than the critical permeation distance for any of the criteria (A) to (C). .
- Blended coal g containing G charcoal and blended coal g 'blended with G' charcoal are pulverized with an impact crusher installed at the coke plant, and pulverized so that the content of particles of 3 mm or less is 78% by mass. did. At this time, the content of particles of 6 mm or more in the blended coal g or g ′ after pulverization was 5.5% by mass.
- This coal blend was dry-distilled in a coke oven at an operating rate of 125%, the produced coke was dry extinguished, and the JIS drum strength DI 150/15 index was measured.
- the strength index of coke obtained from blended coal g coal was 82.9, whereas the strength index of coke obtained from blended coal g 'was 83.1. It was confirmed that the coke strength was improved by adjusting the content of particles of 6 mm or more in the coal to 30% by mass.
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Abstract
Description
前記個別銘柄の石炭または粘結材の内で下記(A)~(D)の方法で測定される浸透距離の値が15mm以上である石炭または粘結材を、コークス工場への入荷より前に粒度調整して石炭または粘結材中の粒径6mm以上の含有率を30質量%以下にすることを特徴とするコークス製造用石炭の調製方法。
(A)石炭又は粘結材を粒径2mm以下が100質量%となるように粉砕し、該粉砕された石炭又は粘結材を充填密度0.8g/cm3で、層厚が10mmとなるように容器に充填して試料を作成し、
(B)該試料の上に直径2mmのガラスビーズを浸透距離以上の厚さとなるように配置し、
(C)前記ガラスビーズの上部から50kPaとなるように荷重を負荷しつつ、加熱速度3℃/分で室温から550℃まで不活性ガス雰囲気下で加熱し、
(D)前記ガラスビーズ層へ浸透した溶融試料の浸透距離を測定する。
前記個別銘柄の石炭または粘結材の内で下記(A)~(D)の方法で測定される浸透距離の値が15mm以上である石炭または粘結材を、
前記個別銘柄の石炭または粘結材のハードグローブ粉砕性指数HGIから以下の式(1)に基づいて決定される石炭または粘結材中の粒径6mm以上の含有率となるように、
コークス工場への入荷より前に前記個別銘柄の石炭または粘結材を粒度調整することを特徴とするコークス製造用石炭の調製方法。
粒径6mm以上の含有率(質量%)≦30+0.5×(HGI-60)・・・(1)
(A)石炭又は粘結材を粒径2mm以下が100質量%となるように粉砕し、該粉砕された石炭又は粘結材を充填密度0.8g/cm3で、層厚が10mmとなるように容器に充填して試料を作成し、
(B)該試料の上に直径2mmのガラスビーズを浸透距離以上の厚さとなるように配置し、
(C)前記ガラスビーズの上部から50kPaとなるように荷重を負荷しつつ、加熱速度3℃/分で室温から550℃まで不活性ガス雰囲気下で加熱し、
(D)前記ガラスビーズ層へ浸透した溶融試料の浸透距離を測定する。
1種以上の銘柄の石炭または粘結材の浸透距離およびギーセラー最高流動度から得られる、限界浸透距離とギーセラー最高流動度の関係に基づき、
前記個別銘柄の石炭または粘結材の浸透距離が、前記限界浸透距離とギーセラー最高流動度の関係に基づいて前記個別銘柄のギーセラー最高流動度から算出される限界浸透距離以上である石炭または粘結材を、コークス工場への入荷より前に粒度調整して石炭または粘結材中の粒径6mm以上の含有率を30質量%以下にすることを特徴とするコークス製造用石炭の調製方法。
1種以上の銘柄の石炭または粘結材の浸透距離およびギーセラー最高流動度から得られる、限界浸透距離とギーセラー最高流動度の関係に基づき、
前記個別銘柄の石炭または粘結材の浸透距離が、前記限界浸透距離とギーセラー最高流動度の関係に基づいて前記個別銘柄のギーセラー最高流動度から算出される限界浸透距離以上である石炭または粘結材を、前記個別銘柄の石炭または粘結材のハードグローブ粉砕性指数HGIから以下の式(1)に基づいて決定される石炭または粘結材中の粒径6mm以上の含有率となるように、
コークス工場への入荷より前に前記個別銘柄の石炭または粘結材を粒度調整することを特徴とするコークス製造用石炭の調製方法。
粒径6mm以上の含有率(質量%)≦30+0.5×(HGI-60)・・・(1)
限界浸透距離=1.3×a×logMFc・・・(2)
但し、aは、ギーセラー最高流動度MFの常用対数値logMF<2.5の範囲にある石炭の少なくとも1種以上の浸透距離及びlogMFの測定値を用いて原点を通る回帰直線を作成した際のlogMFの係数の0.7から1.0倍の範囲の定数である。
MFcは、調製する石炭または粘結材のギーセラー最高流動度(ddpm)である。
浸透距離=a’×logMFc+b・・・(3)
但し、a’は、ギーセラー最高流動度MFの常用対数値logMF<2.5の範囲にある石炭の少なくとも1種以上の浸透距離及びlogMFの測定値を用いて原点を通る回帰直線を作成した際のlogMFの係数の0.7から1.0倍の範囲の定数である。
bは、前記回帰直線の作成に用いた銘柄から選ばれる1種類以上の同一試料を複数回測定した際の標準偏差の平均値以上で、前記平均値の5倍以下とする、定数である。
MFcは、調製する石炭または粘結材のギーセラー最高流動度(ddpm)である。
ΔP/L=K・μ・u ・・・ (4)
ここで、ΔPは上下面に貫通孔を有する材料内での圧力損失[Pa]、Lは貫通孔を有する材料の高さ[m]、Kは透過係数[m-2]、μは流体の粘度[Pa・s]、uは流体の速度[m/s]である。例えば上下面に貫通孔を有する材料として均一な粒径のガラスビーズ層を用いる場合、上述の好適な透過係数を持つようにするためには、直径0.2mmから3.5mm程度のガラスビーズを選択することが望ましく、もっとも望ましいのは2mmである。
(A)石炭又は粘結材を粒径2mm以下が100質量%となるように粉砕し、該粉砕された石炭又は粘結材を充填密度0.8g/cm3で、層厚が10mmとなるように容器に充填して試料を作成し、
(B)該試料の上に直径2mmのガラスビーズを浸透距離以上の厚さ(通常は層厚80mm)となるように配置し、
(C)前記ガラスビーズの上部から50kPaとなるように荷重を負荷しつつ、加熱速度3℃/分で室温から550℃まで不活性ガス雰囲気下で加熱し、
(D)前記ガラスビーズ層へ浸透した溶融試料の浸透距離を測定する。
但しaは、logMF<2.5の範囲にある石炭の少なくとも1種以上の浸透距離及びlogMFを測定し、その測定値を用いて原点を通る回帰直線を作成した際のlogMFの係数の0.7から1.0倍の範囲の定数である。MFcは、限界浸透距離を判断しようとする石炭のギーセラー最高流動度(ddpm)である。
但しa’は、logMF<2.5の範囲にある石炭の少なくとも1種以上の浸透距離及び最高流動度を測定し、その測定値を用いて原点を通る回帰直線を作成した際のlogMFの係数の0.7から1.0倍の範囲の定数である。bは、前記回帰直線の作成に用いた銘柄から選ばれる1種類以上の同一試料を複数回測定した際の標準偏差の平均値以上で、前記平均値の5倍以下とする、定数である。MFcは、限界浸透距離を判断しようとする石炭のギーセラー最高流動度(ddpm)である。
(ハ)粒径2mm以下、100mass%の粒度に調製した石炭試料を0.8g/cm3の充填密度で容器内に厚さ10mmに充填し、貫通孔を有する材料として直径2mmのガラスビーズを用い、50kPaの荷重をかけ、3℃/分の加熱速度で550℃まで加熱して測定した場合の浸透距離として15mmを限界浸透距離とする。
限界浸透距離=2.7×logMFc+3.0・・・ (3’)
HGIは高いほど石炭が柔らかいため、同じ粉砕条件であれば高HGIの石炭ほど細かく粉砕される。従って、コークス工場での粉砕目標が一定であれば、高HGIの石炭は、コークス工場の粉砕機に供給される際の粒度が粗くても(石炭中の粒径6mm以上の含有率が大きくても)、所定の目標粒度を満足できる。コークス工場における石炭の粉砕は、入荷した石炭を配合した後に粉砕されることが多いため、粉砕機にはHGIの高い銘柄も低い銘柄も、また粒度の大きい銘柄も小さい銘柄も同時に供給される。この時、特定の銘柄(例えば、本発明における浸透距離の大きな石炭銘柄)のみ粉砕後の粒度を細かくしたいとすれば、粉砕機に供給する特定銘柄の粒度を予め細かくしておくことが最も容易であるため、本発明においては、コークス工場に入荷する前、あるいは石炭を産出箇所から出荷する際の粒度を調整することを特徴とした。発明者らは、コークス炉に装入される際の石炭粒度が粗い場合にコークス強度に悪影響を及ぼす高浸透距離炭の粉砕性とHGIを調査した結果、実施例1記載の方法で測定される浸透距離が15mm以上の高浸透距離炭のHGIは約60~約80の範囲であり、最も硬い高浸透距離銘柄であるHGI約60の石炭について、配合後の石炭をコークス製造に適した粒度(3mm以下の粒子の含有率が70~80質量%)になるような粉砕条件で、前記高浸透距離炭を粉砕して6mm以上の粒子の含有率を5質量%以下にするためには、粉砕機に供給される粒度を6mm以上の割合を30質量%以下にすればよいことを知見した。さらに、HGIが1増加する(柔らかくなる)ほど、コークス工場の粉砕機に供給すべき6mm以上の粒子の割合が0.5質量%増加(粗く)しても粉砕後の6mm以上の粒子の含有率を5質量%以下にすることができることを知見し、コークス工場に入荷する前、あるいは石炭を産出箇所から出荷する際の粒度を銘柄のHGIに応じて調整することがより好ましいことを知見した。この知見に基づいて、より好ましい方法として、コークス工場に入荷する前、あるいは石炭を産出箇所から出荷する際の粒度を、下記式(1)によるものとした。
なお、このように特定の銘柄のみ、粉砕機に供給する粒度を調整することは、上記のように石炭を配合した後に粉砕する場合に特に効果的であるが、銘柄別にコークス炉に装入する粒度に粉砕を行ったのちに配合する場合にも、粉砕条件(粉砕動力、供給速度など)を特定銘柄の場合のみ調整する必要がなく、所望の粒度に粉砕できるという利点を有する。
18種類の石炭(石炭A~R)と1種類の粘結材(粘結材S)について、浸透距離の測定を行なった。使用した石炭ないし粘結材の性状を表1に示す。ここで、RoはJIS M 8816の石炭のビトリニット平均最大反射率、logMFはギーセラープラストメータ法で測定した最高流動度(Maximum Fluidity:MF)の常用対数値、揮発分(VM)、灰分(Ash)はJIS M 8812の工業分析法による測定値である。
ここで、Lは浸透距離[mm]、Gは充填したガラスビーズ質量[g]、Mは軟化溶融物と固着していないビーズ質量[g]、Hは本実験装置に充填されたガラスビーズの1gあたりの充填層高さ[mm/g]を表す。
次に、限界浸透距離以上の石炭をどの程度まで細かくすればよいかを実コークス炉を用いて検討した。一般に、通常の実コークス炉の操業において、石炭は個別の銘柄を所定の配合比率で混合した後に粉砕されることが多い。この時、配合炭の粒度は、ある規定の篩目に配合炭を通過させた際の、全質量に対する篩上または篩下の質量割合で管理されており、配合炭を構成する銘柄毎に粒度を調整することは煩雑である場合が多い。
石炭は粉砕機に供給される粒度が粗いほど、また、石炭が硬いほど、同一の粉砕条件であれば、粉砕後の石炭の粒度が粗くなる。そこで、限界浸透距離以上の石炭が通常のコークス工場での粉砕によって粒度6mm以上の含有率が5質量%以下にまで粉砕されるための、供給石炭の粒度条件を調査した。その結果、平均的な限界浸透距離以上の個別銘柄の石炭のコークス工場での粉砕前粒度が、6mm以上の粒子の含有率で30質量%以下であれば、コークス工場での粉砕によって6mm以上の含有率が5質量%の粒度にまで粉砕されることを見出した。
粒径6mm以上の含有率(%)≦30+0.5×(HGI-60)・・・(1)
であれば、コークス工場での粉砕によって6mm以上の含有率が5質量%以下の粒度にまで粉砕されることを見出した。ここで、HGIはJISM8801に記載の粉砕性試験方法により求められる指数である。
G炭の産地において、通常の採掘および選炭処理を行なって出荷する石炭中の6mm以上の粒子の含有率は39質量%であるが、選炭後のG炭をインパクトクラッシャーで粉砕して、石炭中の6mm以上の粒子の含有率を30質量%にした石炭を調整した(この石炭をG′炭とする)。G炭および、G′炭をコークス工場に入荷後、G炭またはG′炭の配合率を10質量%とし、A、B、H、J、L、N、O、R石炭と配合して加重平均反射率=1.01%、加重平均logMF=2.4の配合炭を調製した。この時、G炭およびG′炭の浸透距離は、実施例1記載の方法で測定した値で19.0mmであり、(イ)~(ハ)いずれの基準でも限界浸透距離以上の石炭である。
G炭を用いる代わりにK炭(産地からの通常の出荷時の6mm以上の粒子含有率37質量%)を用いて、同様の試験を行なったところ、K炭中の6mm以上の粒子の含有率を30質量%にした場合としなかった場合においてどちらもコークス強度が83.0であり、コークス強度の向上効果は認められなかった。K炭は、(イ)~(ハ)いずれの基準でも限界浸透距離未満の石炭であり、本発明の方法を限界浸透距離以上の石炭に適用する効果が確認された。
2 上下面に貫通孔を有する材料
3 容器
5 スリーブ
7 温度計
8 発熱体
9 温度検出器
10 温度調節器
11 ガス導入口
12 ガス排出口
13 膨張率検出棒
14 錘
15 変位計
16 円形貫通孔
17 充填粒子
18 充填円柱
19 限界浸透距離以上の石炭または粘結材
20 限界浸透距離未満の石炭または粘結材
21 気孔
22 粗大な欠陥
Claims (9)
- コークス製造原料として単独で、または他の石炭と配合して用いる個別銘柄の石炭または粘結材をコークス工場への入荷より前に調製する方法であって、
前記個別銘柄の石炭または粘結材の内で下記(A)~(D)の方法で測定される浸透距離の値が15mm以上である石炭または粘結材を、コークス工場への入荷より前に粒度調整して石炭または粘結材中の粒径6mm以上の含有率を30質量%以下にすることを特徴とするコークス製造用石炭の調製方法。
(A)石炭又は粘結材を粒径2mm以下が100質量%となるように粉砕し、該粉砕された石炭又は粘結材を充填密度0.8g/cm3で、層厚が10mmとなるように容器に充填して試料を作成し、
(B)該試料の上に直径2mmのガラスビーズを浸透距離以上の厚さとなるように配置し、
(C)前記ガラスビーズの上部から50kPaとなるように荷重を負荷しつつ、加熱速度3℃/分で室温から550℃まで不活性ガス雰囲気下で加熱し、
(D)前記ガラスビーズ層へ浸透した溶融試料の浸透距離を測定する。 - コークス製造原料として単独で、または他の石炭と配合して用いる個別銘柄の石炭または粘結材をコークス工場への入荷より前に調製する方法であって、
前記個別銘柄の石炭または粘結材の内で下記(A)~(D)の方法で測定される浸透距離の値が15mm以上である石炭または粘結材を、
前記個別銘柄の石炭または粘結材のハードグローブ粉砕性指数HGIから以下の式(1)に基づいて決定される石炭または粘結材中の粒径6mm以上の含有率となるように、
コークス工場への入荷より前に前記個別銘柄の石炭または粘結材を粒度調整することを特徴とするコークス製造用石炭の調製方法。
粒径6mm以上の含有率(質量%)≦30+0.5×(HGI-60)・・・(1)
(A)石炭又は粘結材を粒径2mm以下が100質量%となるように粉砕し、該粉砕された石炭又は粘結材を充填密度0.8g/cm3で、層厚が10mmとなるように容器に充填して試料を作成し、
(B)該試料の上に直径2mmのガラスビーズを浸透距離以上の厚さとなるように配置し、
(C)前記ガラスビーズの上部から50kPaとなるように荷重を負荷しつつ、加熱速度3℃/分で室温から550℃まで不活性ガス雰囲気下で加熱し、
(D)前記ガラスビーズ層へ浸透した溶融試料の浸透距離を測定する。 - コークス製造原料として単独で、または他の石炭と配合して用いる個別銘柄の石炭または粘結材をコークス工場への入荷より前に調製する方法であって、
1種以上の銘柄の石炭または粘結材の浸透距離およびギーセラー最高流動度から得られる、限界浸透距離とギーセラー最高流動度の関係に基づき、
前記個別銘柄の石炭または粘結材の浸透距離が、前記限界浸透距離とギーセラー最高流動度の関係に基づいて前記個別銘柄のギーセラー最高流動度から算出される限界浸透距離以上である石炭または粘結材を、コークス工場への入荷より前に粒度調整して石炭または粘結材中の粒径6mm以上の含有率を30質量%以下にすることを特徴とするコークス製造用石炭の調製方法。 - コークス製造原料として単独で、または他の石炭と配合して用いる個別銘柄の石炭または粘結材をコークス工場への入荷より前に調製する方法であって、
1種以上の銘柄の石炭または粘結材の浸透距離およびギーセラー最高流動度から得られる、限界浸透距離とギーセラー最高流動度の関係に基づき、
前記個別銘柄の石炭または粘結材の浸透距離が、前記限界浸透距離とギーセラー最高流動度の関係に基づいて前記個別銘柄のギーセラー最高流動度から算出される限界浸透距離以上である石炭または粘結材を、前記個別銘柄の石炭または粘結材のハードグローブ粉砕性指数HGIから以下の式(1)に基づいて決定される石炭または粘結材中の粒径6mm以上の含有率となるように、
コークス工場への入荷より前に前記個別銘柄の石炭または粘結材を粒度調整することを特徴とするコークス製造用石炭の調製方法。
粒径6mm以上の含有率(質量%)≦30+0.5×(HGI-60)・・・(1) - 前記限界浸透距離の算出を、下記式(2)で行なうことを特徴とする請求項3または請求項4に記載のコークス製造用石炭の調製方法。
限界浸透距離=1.3×a×logMFc・・・(2)
但し、aは、ギーセラー最高流動度MFの常用対数値logMF<2.5の範囲にある石炭の少なくとも1種以上の浸透距離及びlogMFの測定値を用いて原点を通る回帰直線を作成した際のlogMFの係数の0.7から1.0倍の範囲の定数である。
MFcは、調製する石炭または粘結材のギーセラー最高流動度(ddpm)である。 - 前記aが、1.75<logMF<2.50の範囲にある石炭の少なくとも1種以上の浸透距離及びギーセラー最高流動度MFの常用対数値logMFの測定値を用いて原点を通る回帰直線を作成した際のlogMFの係数の0.7から1.0倍の範囲の定数であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載のコークス製造用石炭の調製方法。
- 前記限界浸透距離の算出を、下記式(3)で行なうことを特徴とする請求項3または請求項4に記載のコークス製造用石炭の調製方法。
浸透距離=a’×logMFc+b・・・(3)
但し、a’は、ギーセラー最高流動度MFの常用対数値logMF<2.5の範囲にある石炭の少なくとも1種以上の浸透距離及びlogMFの測定値を用いて原点を通る回帰直線を作成した際のlogMFの係数の0.7から1.0倍の範囲の定数である。
bは、前記回帰直線の作成に用いた銘柄から選ばれる1種類以上の同一試料を複数回測定した際の標準偏差の平均値以上で、前記平均値の5倍以下とする、定数である。
MFcは、調製する石炭または粘結材のギーセラー最高流動度(ddpm)である。 - 前記a’は、1.75<logMF<2.50の範囲にある石炭の少なくとも1種以上の浸透距離及びギーセラー最高流動度MFの常用対数値logMFの測定値を用いて原点を通る回帰直線を作成した際のlogMFの係数の0.7から1.0倍の範囲の定数であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載のコークス製造用石炭の調製方法。
- 前記コークス工場への入荷より前が、石炭産出箇所または粘結材製造箇所から出荷する前であることを特徴とする請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載のコークス製造用石炭の調製方法。
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EP2821774B1 (en) | 2018-11-21 |
PL2977429T3 (pl) | 2018-11-30 |
US9708558B2 (en) | 2017-07-18 |
PL2821774T3 (pl) | 2019-05-31 |
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