WO2013121694A1 - 移動体位置測定システム、中央処理部及びそれらに用いる質問制御方法 - Google Patents
移動体位置測定システム、中央処理部及びそれらに用いる質問制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013121694A1 WO2013121694A1 PCT/JP2013/000227 JP2013000227W WO2013121694A1 WO 2013121694 A1 WO2013121694 A1 WO 2013121694A1 JP 2013000227 W JP2013000227 W JP 2013000227W WO 2013121694 A1 WO2013121694 A1 WO 2013121694A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/74—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/76—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein pulse-type signals are transmitted
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/87—Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/91—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for traffic control
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/06—Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft, e.g. air-traffic control [ATC]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a mobile body position measurement system, a central processing unit, and a question control method used for them, and more particularly to an aircraft measurement system (multi-lateration system) and a transmission control method for a transmission station used in the system.
- aircraft measurement system multi-lateration system
- transmission control method for a transmission station used in the system.
- the multilateration system receives SSR (Secondary Surveillance Radar) mode A / C response, SSR mode S response, acquisition or extended squitter signal transmitted by the aircraft at four or more receiving stations on the ground.
- SSR Secondary Surveillance Radar
- the system collects these data in a central processing unit through a communication line, and measures the geometric position of the aircraft from the reception time of each receiving station in the central processing unit (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the SSR mode A is a mode for acquiring aircraft identification information
- the SSR mode C is a mode for acquiring atmospheric pressure altitude information
- the SSR mode S is for acquiring unique address information of the aircraft and individually asking questions.
- the SSR mode A / C is a method for asking a common question for all aircraft
- the SSR mode S is a method for allowing questions and responses individually for all or specific aircraft.
- Multi-lateration systems may have a transmitting station.
- this transmitting station the same question as the SSR mode A / C question and the SSR mode S individual question performed by the SSR device can be transmitted.
- the system itself can recognize the transmission time. Therefore, it is possible to detect the round trip time from transmission to reception.
- multi-lateration it can be used to improve the accuracy of position measurement.
- an omnidirectional or wide-directional antenna is used as an antenna, so that a large number of SSR mode A / C responses are received, and SSR mode A / C responses are superimposed (Garble There are many problems that the response signal cannot be decoded.
- aircraft to be monitored are both SSR mode S aircraft and SSR mode A / C aircraft, and ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization: In the International Civil Aviation Convention / Annex 10 (ICAO ANNEX 10, Vol4amendment 85, 6.6.3) issued by the International Civil Aviation Organization, there is a provision to limit the transponder occupation rate to 2% or less.
- ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization: In the International Civil Aviation Convention / Annex 10 (ICAO ANNEX 10, Vol4amendment 85, 6.6.3) issued by the International Civil Aviation Organization, there is a provision to limit the transponder occupation rate to 2% or less.
- a transmission procedure is used in which transmission is performed within a predetermined time (for example, at intervals of 1 second) from the order of reception.
- a predetermined time for example, at intervals of 1 second
- the SICA mode S question and the SSR mode A / C question may not satisfy the above-mentioned rule that the ICAO transponder occupation ratio is 2% or less.
- the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and to efficiently detect the SSR mode S response and the SSR mode A / C response, and to improve the reliability and safety of the multilateration system.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a mobile body position measurement system, a central processing unit, and a question control method used for them.
- a mobile body position measurement system includes a plurality of receiving stations that receive response signals from mobile bodies that exist in a monitoring area, and a position of the mobile body based on reception times of the response signals at the plurality of receiving stations.
- a mobile unit position measuring system that measures a geometric position of the mobile unit from reception times of the plurality of receiving stations in the central processing unit, Including at least one transmission / reception station that transmits an interrogation signal to the mobile body; The transmission / reception station limits the transmission coverage of the interrogation signal to the coverage range of the question and response in the SSR (Secondary Survival Radar) mode A / C in which a common question is asked to all mobile units.
- SSR Secondary Survival Radar
- the central processing unit measures the position of the mobile unit based on a plurality of receiving stations that receive response signals from the mobile unit existing in the monitoring area and the reception times of the response signals at the plurality of receiving stations.
- a central processing unit that is used in a mobile body position measurement system that measures a geometric position of the mobile body from reception times of the plurality of receiving stations in the central processing unit, At least one transmission / reception station that transmits an interrogation signal to the mobile body is arranged in the mobile body position measurement system, In the transmission / reception station, the transmission coverage of the question signal is limited to the coverage range of the question and response of SSR (Secondary Surveillance Radar) mode A / C in which a common question is asked to all mobile units.
- SSR mode S individual questions in a method that allows questions and responses individually, Means is provided for controlling the transmitting and receiving stations so that the SSR mode S individual question is preferentially performed from a mobile body having high importance in control.
- the question control method determines a position of the mobile unit based on a plurality of receiving stations that receive response signals from a mobile unit existing in a monitoring area, and reception times of the response signals at the plurality of receiving stations.
- a question processing method used in a mobile body position measurement system that measures a geometric position of the mobile body from reception times of the plurality of receiving stations in the central processing section.
- At least one transmission / reception station that transmits an interrogation signal to the mobile body is arranged in the mobile body position measurement system, In the transmission / reception station, the transmission coverage of the question signal is limited to the coverage range of the question and response of SSR (Secondary Surveillance Radar) mode A / C in which a common question is asked to all mobile units.
- SSR mode S individual questions in a method that allows questions and responses individually,
- the central processing unit executes a process of controlling the transmitting and receiving stations so that the SSR mode S individual question is preferentially performed from a mobile body having high importance in control.
- the present invention is configured and operated as described above, the SSR mode S response and the SSR mode A / C response can be detected efficiently and reliably, so that the reliability and safety of the multilateration system can be obtained. The effect that can be improved is obtained.
- the moving body position measurement system according to the present invention relates to an aircraft position measurement system [MLAT (Multilatation): multilateration system].
- MLAT Multilatation
- the position of a moving body such as an aircraft or a vehicle in an airport can be measured.
- the moving body is described as an aircraft.
- the present invention relates to an aircraft position measurement system (multi-lateration system), and a question control method and a question control program of a transmission / reception station used in the system, and in particular, interrogated from an SSR (Secondary Surveillance Radar).
- SSR Secondary Surveillance Radar
- the response signal from the aircraft, the response signal from the aircraft queried from the multilateration system, or the SSR acquisition or extended squitter signal is received at four or more receiving stations or transmitting / receiving stations, and this received signal is centrally processed.
- the present invention relates to a multi-lateration system that measures the position of the aircraft in the department.
- the present invention provides an SSR mode A / C machine detection method, a transmission control method, and a program for reliably detecting an SSR mode A / C machine for an aircraft existing in a monitored airspace in the multilateration system described above. It is.
- SSR mode A / C and SSR mode S it is the same as that of the description about the aircraft position measuring system relevant to this invention mentioned above.
- the present invention uses an SSR mode A / C interrogation method using a whisper shout transmission method in order to solve the problem that the existing SSR device cannot be connected to a transmitting / receiving station located at a remote location.
- the SSR mode A / C machine can be easily detected.
- the present invention has a function of processing an SSR mode A / C question and response using a whisper shout transmission method for an aircraft to be monitored.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of an aircraft position measurement system according to the present invention.
- an aircraft position measurement system according to the present invention includes transmission / reception stations 1-1 to 1-5 and a central processing unit 2, and the transmission / reception stations 1-1 to 1-5 and the central processing unit 2 Connected via communication lines 4-1 to 4-5.
- the transmission / reception stations 1-1 to 1-5 limit the question coverage to the coverage range of the SSR mode A / C question and response by the transmission control method of the present invention.
- the present invention also performs the SSR mode S individual question with the transmission pattern as shown in FIG.
- the central processing unit 2 sends a transmission control signal to the transmitting / receiving stations 1-1 to 1-5 via the communication lines 4-1 to 4-5, and all the transmitting / receiving stations 1-1 to 1-5 are simultaneously performed in the monitoring coverage area. Rather than asking a question, a means for selecting a transmitting / receiving station suitable for the question is provided.
- SSR mode A / C questions provide a means for questioning SSR mode A / C aircraft using the whisper-shout transmission method implemented in the existing Aircraft Collision Prevention System (ACAS: Airborne Collation Avidance System). To do.
- ACAS Aircraft Collision Prevention System
- the transmitting / receiving stations 1-1 to 1-5 perform SSR mode A / C questions 7-1 to 7-5 at the specified transmission time in the order of the transmitting / receiving stations specified by the transmission control by the central processing unit 2.
- a means for reliably detecting the SSR mode A / C machine is provided.
- a means for performing transmission control so as to satisfy the above ICAO transponder occupation ratio of 2% or less.
- the present invention can reliably detect the SSR mode S response and the SSR mode A / C response led by the multi-lateration system, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the multi-lateration system. be able to.
- the multilateration system includes a plurality of transmission / reception stations 1-1 to 1-5, a central processing unit 2, and communication lines 4-1 to 4-5.
- the transmitting / receiving stations 1-1 to 1-5 do not have to be all transmitting / receiving stations, and a combination of a transmitting station and a receiving station, a combination of a transmitting / receiving station, a transmitting station, and a receiving station can be considered.
- the transmitting / receiving stations 1-1 to 1-5 perform synchronization using time synchronization from a GPS (Global Positioning System) satellite 6. Further, the transmitting / receiving stations 1-1 to 1-5 transmit the SSR mode A / C response, the mode S response, the capture or extended squitter signals 7-1 to 7-5 from the aircraft 5 to the omnidirectional or wide directional antennas. And after decoding the signal, a time stamp of the arrival time of the received signal is given and transmitted as response data to the central processing unit 2 using the communication lines 4-1 to 4-5.
- GPS Global Positioning System
- Any one of the transmission / reception stations 1-1 to 1-5 which is selected and controlled, receives a whisper in response to a transmission control instruction from the central processing unit 2 via the communication lines 4-1 to 4-5.
- the SSR modes A / C questions 3-1 to 3-5 are made by the shout transmission method, and the transmitting / receiving stations 1-1 to 1-5 are respectively connected to the SSR modes for the SSR modes A / C questions 3-1 to 3-5.
- a / C response signals 7-1 to 7-5 are received.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the transmitting / receiving stations 1-1 to 1-5 in FIG. 1
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the central processing unit 2 in FIG.
- the transmission / reception stations 1-1 to 1-5 are represented as transmission / reception station 1
- each of the transmission / reception stations 1-1 to 1-5 has the same configuration as that of the transmission / reception station 1.
- the transmission / reception station 1 includes a GPS antenna 8, a GPS receiver 9, an antenna 10, a receiver 11, a transmitter 20, and a signal processor 21.
- the transmission unit 20 includes a circulator 12, a synthesizer 13, variable attenuators 14-1 to 14-2, an RF pulse selector switch 15, a transmission controller 16, a modulation pulse generator 17, and a power amplifier 18. And an oscillator 19.
- the central processing unit 2 includes a transmission / reception information collection unit 22, a target position positioning unit 23, a target information analysis unit 24, a target information generation unit 25, a transmission control information generation unit 26, and a target tracking unit 27. And a target priority determination unit 28.
- the transmission / reception stations 1-1 to 1-5 each have a GPS antenna 8 and a GPS receiver 9 for receiving a time synchronization signal from the GPS satellite 6, and the transmission / reception stations 1-1 to 1-5 installed separately. Synchronize time between.
- the omnidirectional or wide-directional antenna 10 is used to receive an SSR mode A / C response, an SSR mode S response, an acquisition or extended squitter signal 7-1 to 7-5 from the aircraft 5, and an SSR mode A / C. Ask questions 3-1 to 3-5.
- the receiving unit 11 performs reception processing of the SSR mode A / C response, the SSR mode S response, the capture or extended squitter signals 7-1 to 7-5, converts them into received video signals, and sends them to the signal processing unit 21.
- the signal processing unit 21 decodes the signal
- the time stamp of the arrival time of the received signal is given together with the decoded data, and the response data is sent to the central processing unit 2 using the communication lines 4-1 to 4-5. Send out as
- the central processing unit 2 receives and processes the response data by the communication unit 22, performs target positioning by the target position positioning unit 23 based on the received response data, and then performs a target information analysis unit based on the positioning data.
- the information in the response data is analyzed.
- the target information generation unit 25 receives the analysis data from the target information analysis unit 24, edits the target position measurement information for external output, and outputs it to the outside (for example, an air traffic control system).
- the target priority order measurement unit 28 receives the analysis data from the target information analysis unit 24, and determines the target priority order to determine the transmission / reception station to which the SSR mode A / C question should be made based on preset parameters. To do.
- the target tracking unit 27 performs tracking processing based on the positioning data from the target position positioning unit 23 and the rank data from the target priority determination unit 28.
- the question control information generation unit 26 transmits / receives an SSR mode A / C question based on the positioning data from the target position positioning unit 23, the predicted positioning value from the target tracking unit 27, and the ranking data from the target priority determination unit 28. And the transmission timing are scheduled, and the transmission time is determined.
- the question control information generating unit 26 schedules the transmission timing of the SSR mode S individual question in parallel with the above processing.
- the determination and scheduling in the question control information generating unit 26 can be performed by the target tracking unit 27.
- the question control information generation unit 26 generates and edits the question control information from the above determination and scheduling results, and transmits and receives the transmission / reception stations 1-1 to 1 through the communication unit 22 and the communication lines 4-1 to 4-5. At -5, the inquiry control information scheduled for transmission timing is transmitted.
- the signal processing unit 21 and the transmission unit 20 of the transmission / reception stations 1-1 to 1-5 Based on the inquiry control information from the central processing unit 2, the signal processing unit 21 and the transmission unit 20 of the transmission / reception stations 1-1 to 1-5 perform the SSR mode A / C inquiry in the whisper shout transmission method according to the transmission timing scheduling. I do.
- the signal processing unit 21 and the transmission unit 20 of the transmission / reception stations 1-1 to 1-5 also perform SSR mode S individual questions.
- the transmission / reception stations 1-1 to 1-5 perform reception processing of response signals to this question, and repeat the above processing.
- the transmission unit 20 generates a high frequency excitation signal for transmission by the oscillator 19, performs pulse modulation and power amplification of the RF transmission signal by the power amplifier 18, and sends the RF transmission signal to the RF pulse changeover switch 15. Further, the transmission controller 16 generates various signals necessary for the SSR mode A / C question by whisper shout transmission at the transmission time based on the transmission control information data from the signal processing unit 21, and the SSR mode S individual question After generating various signals necessary for the control, the variable attenuators 14-1 to 14-2, the RF pulse change-over switch 15, and the modulation pulse generator 17 are controlled.
- the transmitting / receiving stations 1-1 to 1-5 perform synchronization using a time synchronization signal from the GPS satellite 6.
- a time synchronization signal from the GPS satellite 6.
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-230448
- the transmitting / receiving stations 1-1 to 1-5 receive the SSR mode A / C response, the SSR mode S response, the acquisition or the extended squitter signals 7-1 to 7-5 from the aircraft 5 with omnidirectionality or wide directivity. After performing reception processing and signal decoding processing on the received signal via the aerial line 10, a time stamp of the arrival time of the received signal is given, and the communication lines 4-1 to 4-5 are used as response data in the center The data is sent to the processing unit 2.
- the central processing unit 2 performs the reception process of the response data described above in the communication unit 22, and the arrival time difference of each receiving station (from the arrival time stamp given to the response data in the target position positioning unit 23 (TDOA: Time Difference Of Arrival) is calculated, and the positioning of the aircraft 5 is calculated.
- TDOA Time Difference Of Arrival
- the TDOA between the two antennas mathematically corresponds to a three-dimensional hyperboloid, and the position of the aircraft is on that plane. If an aircraft signal can be detected by four or more antennas, the position of the aircraft can be obtained in three dimensions by calculating the intersection of hyperbolic curves.
- the positioning data of the aircraft 5 positioned by the target position positioning unit 23 is sent to the target information analysis unit 24, the question control information generation unit 26, and the target tracking unit 27.
- the target information analysis unit 24 analyzes information in the positioning data and analyzes various target information (mode S address, mode A code, altitude, aircraft movement information, etc.).
- the target information generation unit 25 receives the analysis data from the target information analysis unit 24, edits the target position measurement information for external output, and outputs it to the outside (for example, an air traffic control system).
- a communication protocol function for connecting to an external system.
- the target priority measurement unit 28 receives the analysis data from the target information analysis unit 24 and the predicted positioning value from the target tracking unit 27, and should make an SSR mode A / C question based on various preset parameters. In order to determine a transmitting / receiving station, a target priority order and a transmitting / receiving station to which a question (transmission) is made are determined.
- the target tracking unit 27 performs a tracking process based on the positioning data from the target position positioning unit 23 and the rank data for which the priority order is determined from the target priority determination unit 28.
- the question control information generation unit 26 determines the order of transmission / reception stations of the SSR mode A / C question based on the rank data for which the priority is determined from the target priority determination unit 28, and schedules transmission timing. Determine the transmission time.
- the question control information generating unit 26 schedules the transmission timing of the SSR mode S individual question in parallel with the above processing.
- the question control information generator 26 A scheduling of transmission timing (transmission time) is performed, transmission times of SSR mode A / C questions and SSR mode S individual questions for each aircraft are determined, and question control information generated based on them is transmitted.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of a transmission pattern.
- a question is asked at a repetition frequency of a fixed period determined by the maximum detection coverage distance, and the SSR mode A / C question interval is set at a fixed period.
- the SSR mode S individual question transmission timing is scheduled.
- the question control information generation unit 26 transmits the generated question control information to the transmission / reception stations 1-1 to 1-5 via the communication unit 22 and the communication lines 4-1 to 4-5. Send control information sequentially.
- the transmission / reception stations 1-1 to 1-5 receive the question control information from the transmission control information generation unit 26 via the transmission / reception information collection unit 22 and the communication lines 4-1 to 4-5, Based on the information, the SSR mode A / C question and the SSR mode S individual question are performed by the whisper shout transmission method according to the scheduling of the transmission timing. Next, the transmitting / receiving stations 1-1 to 1-5 perform reception processing of response signals to this question by the reception unit 11 and the signal processing unit 21, and repeat the above processing.
- the whisper shout transmission method transmits four pulses (S, P1, P3, P4) of the transmission waveform shown in FIG. 4A.
- the S pulse and the P1, P3, P4 pulses (P1, P3, P4 have transmission power).
- WS coverage transmission power level ratio
- P pulse transmission power level ratio
- the ring-shaped width of the transmission coverage (WS coverage) in FIG. The range that can be detected is determined.
- transmission waveform transmission 1 shows a transmission waveform in the shortest short-distance coverage area
- no S pulse is transmitted in order to detect the short distance.
- Transmission waveform transmissions 2,..., Transmission N-1, and transmission N perform a whisper shout transmission scheme by transmitting a difference in transmission power between the S pulse and the P pulse.
- Transmission N of the transmission waveform shows the case of the maximum detection coverage, but since the ring width area of the transmission coverage is the largest, there is a high probability that there are a plurality of aircraft in the coverage, so the central processing unit 2 SSR mode A / C response superposition by controlling the transmission of the question signal, such as setting the transmission power level ratio (WS coverage) between the S pulse and the P pulse to be small by controlling the question control information data from Control for avoiding the state and improving the target detection rate is also performed.
- WS coverage transmission power level ratio
- FIG. 6 shows an example of the arrangement of the transmission / reception stations of the multilateration system.
- the distance between the transmission / reception stations and the aircraft as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is the shortest.
- a / C response superposition (gabulu fruit) state such as the selection method of the transmission / reception station that executes the inquiry from the transmission / reception station, or when multiple aircraft are in the WS coverage area, A method of selecting a transmission / reception station whose position is in the vertical direction with respect to the WS covered circle can be considered.
- a transmission / reception station A is selected when x> y
- a transmission / reception station B is selected when x ⁇ y.
- the transmission / reception station A is selected.
- the transmission / reception station B is selected because x2 ⁇ y2, and in the case of the aircraft T3, the transmission / reception station B is selected. Will be.
- the transmission unit 20 generates an excitation signal for transmission by the oscillator 19, and performs pulse modulation and power amplification of the RF transmission signal by the power amplifier 18 under the control of the modulation pulse generator 17, thereby generating an RF pulse.
- An RF transmission pulse signal is sent to the changeover switch 15.
- the RF pulse change-over switch 15 controls the transmission controller 16 based on the transmission control from the signal processing unit 21, and separates the S pulse and the P1, P3, and P4 pulses by the pulse switching gate signal of the transmission controller 16. S pulses are sent to the variable attenuator 14-1, and P1, P3, and P4 pulses are sent to the variable attenuator 14-2.
- the variable attenuators 14-1 to 14-2 control the transmission power levels of the S pulse and the P pulse for the whisper shout transmission method.
- the control for determining the attenuation amount of the variable attenuators 14-1 to 14-2 is determined by being controlled by the transmission controller 16. Thereafter, the separated S pulse and P pulse are synthesized by the synthesizer 13 so as to have the transmission waveform shown in FIG. 4A, and the transmission RF pulse signal is sent to the antenna 10 via the circulator 12 for switching the RF transmission / reception signal. .
- the transmission controller 16 generates various signals necessary for whisper shout transmission at the transmission time based on the transmission control information data from the signal processing unit 21, variable attenuators 14-1 to 14-2, RF pulse changeover switches 15 and the modulation pulse generator 17 are controlled.
- the RF pulse changeover switch 15 is controlled by the transmission controller 16 so as to supply the RF transmission signal only to the variable attenuator 14-1.
- the variable attenuator 14-1 is controlled by the transmission controller 16 so that the attenuation amount becomes 0 dB. Thereafter, the RF transmission signal of the SSR mode S individual question is sent to the antenna 10 via the synthesizer 13 and the circulator 12.
- the multilateration system has the following problems. (1) Since a non-directional or wide-directional antenna is used, there is no method for reliably detecting an SSR mode A / C machine. (2) In order to reduce the effects of radio wave interference on the existing SSR, etc., the transponder occupancy rate is set in the International Civil Aviation Convention / Annex 10 (ICAO ANNEX 10 Vol4amendment 85 6.6.3) issued by ICAO. There is a regulation to keep it below 2%. This is because the transponder occupancy rate must be kept below 2% when there are a large number of aircraft in the surveillance airspace of the multilateration system. There is a possibility that it cannot be carried out within a certain period of time. For this reason, the target detection rate may decrease in the air traffic control operation, and the reliability and safety of the multilateration system may be reduced.
- IICAO ANNEX 10 Vol4amendment 85 6.6.3 International Civil Aviation Convention / Annex 10
- the received data rate is the same as the data rate of the existing SSR (received) / 4 seconds (in the case of an airport monitoring radar) or 1 Time (reception) / 10 seconds (in the case of airway surveillance radar), it is possible to obtain a reception signal of 1 time (reception) / 1 second by the transmission function, and the data rate can be improved.
- the detection rate of a target with a low detection rate can be improved according to the state of radio wave propagation.
- the present invention achieves the SSR mode A / C interrogation method using the Whisper Shout transmission method for the aircraft to be monitored in order to achieve the above-described transmission function purpose. It is possible to detect an aircraft having only the mode A / C function.
- the reliability and safety of the multi-lateration system can be improved by providing a question control method in which SSR mode S individual questions are preferentially given from aircraft having high importance in air traffic control.
- Appendix 1 It is composed of a plurality of receiving stations that receive response signals from a mobile unit existing in a monitoring area, and a central processing unit that measures the position of the mobile unit based on the reception times of the response signals at the plurality of receiving stations.
- a central processing unit used in a mobile body position measurement system that measures a geometric position of the mobile body from reception times of the plurality of receiving stations in the central processing unit,
- the mobile body position measurement system at least one transmission / reception station that transmits an interrogation signal to the mobile body is arranged,
- the transmission coverage of the question signal is limited to the coverage range of the question and response of SSR (Secondary Surveillance Radar) mode A / C in which a common question is asked to all mobile units.
- SSR Secondary Surveillance Radar
- SSR mode of the method that allows questions and responses to be individually made S individual questions, Means for controlling the transmitting / receiving station to preferentially perform the SSR mode S individual question from a mobile body having high importance in control; Causing the transmitting / receiving station to process an SSR mode A / C question and response using a whisper shout transmission method implemented in an ACAS (Airborne Collision Avidance System) for a mobile object to be monitored; A central processing unit.
- ACAS Airborne Collision Avidance System
- [Appendix 2] Means for selecting a transmission / reception station suitable for transmission of the interrogation signal, and means for transmitting an interrogation control signal to the selected transmission / reception station, The transmission / reception station transmits the interrogation signal to the mobile body in the monitoring area based on the interrogation control signal, thereby preventing all transmission / reception stations from transmitting the interrogation signal at the same time.
- the central processing unit according to 1.
- Appendix 3 The central processing unit according to appendix 2, wherein the transmission / reception station transmits the inquiry signal of the SSR mode A / C at a designated transmission time in the order of the transmission / reception station designated by the inquiry control signal. .
- Appendix 5 Any one of appendix 1 to appendix 4, wherein the mobile body position measurement system is at least one of an MLAT (Multilatation) system and a WAM [Wide Area MLAT (Multilatation)] system used in a wide area. Central processing unit according to crab.
- MLAT Multilatation
- WAM Wide Area MLAT (Multilatation)
- Appendix 6 It is composed of a plurality of receiving stations that receive response signals from a mobile unit existing in a monitoring area, and a central processing unit that measures the position of the mobile unit based on the reception times of the response signals at the plurality of receiving stations.
- a transmission control method used in a mobile body position measurement system that measures a geometric position of the mobile body from reception times of the plurality of receiving stations in the central processing unit, At least one transmission / reception station that transmits an interrogation signal to the mobile body is arranged in the mobile body position measurement system, In the transmission / reception station, the transmission coverage of the question signal is limited to the coverage range of the question and response of SSR (Secondary Surveillance Radar) mode A / C in which a common question is asked to all mobile units.
- SSR Secondary Surveillance Radar
- SSR mode S individual questions in a method that allows questions and responses individually
- the central processing unit executes a process of controlling the transmitting and receiving stations so that the SSR mode S individual question is preferentially performed from a mobile body having high importance in control
- the transmission / reception station processes an SSR mode A / C question and a response using a whisper shout transmission method implemented in an ACAS (Airborne Collation Aviationance System) for a mobile object to be monitored.
- ACAS Airborne Collation Aviationance System
- the central processing unit performs a process of selecting a transmission / reception station suitable for transmission of the interrogation signal, and a process of transmitting an interrogation transmission control signal to the selected transmission / reception station, The central processing unit prevents the transmission / reception station from transmitting the interrogation signal at the same time by transmitting the interrogation signal to the mobile body in the monitored airspace based on the interrogation control signal.
- the transmission / reception station transmits the SSR mode A / C interrogation signal at the designated transmission time in the order of the transmission / reception stations designated by the interrogation control signal from the central processing unit.
- the SSR mode A / C interrogation signal is transmitted from the transmission / reception station in an optimal positional relationship with the mobile body by control based on the interrogation control signal from the central processing unit.
- Appendix 10 Any one of appendix 6 to appendix 9, wherein the mobile position measurement system is at least one of an MLAT (Multilatation) system and a WAM [Wide Area MLAT (Multilatation)] system used in a wide area. The question control method described in Crab.
- MLAT Multilatation
- WAM Wide Area MLAT (Multilatation)
- the present invention can be applied to an MLAT (Multilatation) system and a WAM [Wide Area MLAT (Multilatation)] system.
Abstract
Description
前記移動体に質問信号を送信する少なくとも1以上の送受信局を含み、
前記送受信局は、前記質問信号の送信覆域を、全ての移動体に対して共通の質問を行う方式のSSR(Secondary Surveillance Radar)モードA/Cの質問及び応答の覆域範囲に制限するとともに、個別に質問及び応答を可能とする方式のSSRモードS個別質問を行い、
前記中央処理部は、管制上において重要度の高い移動体から優先的に前記SSRモードS個別質問を行うよう前記送受信局を制御する手段を備えている。
前記移動体位置測定システムに、前記移動体に質問信号を送信する少なくとも1以上の送受信局を配置し、
前記送受信局において、前記質問信号の送信覆域を、全ての移動体に対して共通の質問を行う方式のSSR(Secondary Surveillance Radar)モードA/Cの質問及び応答の覆域範囲に制限するとともに、個別に質問及び応答を可能とする方式のSSRモードS個別質問を行わせ、
管制上において重要度の高い移動体から優先的に前記SSRモードS個別質問を行うよう前記送受信局を制御する手段を備えている。
前記移動体位置測定システムに、前記移動体に質問信号を送信する少なくとも1以上の送受信局を配置し、
前記送受信局において、前記質問信号の送信覆域を、全ての移動体に対して共通の質問を行う方式のSSR(Secondary Surveillance Radar)モードA/Cの質問及び応答の覆域範囲に制限するとともに、個別に質問及び応答を可能とする方式のSSRモードS個別質問を行わせ、
前記中央処理部が、管制上において重要度の高い移動体から優先的に前記SSRモードS個別質問を行うよう前記送受信局を制御する処理を実行している。
(1)無指向性もしくは広指向性の空中線を使うため、SSRモードA/C機を確実に探知する手法がない。
(2)既設SSR等への電波干渉等の影響を抑えるために、ICAOが発行している国際民間航空条約・第10附属書(ICAO ANNEX 10 Vol4amendment85 6.6.3)において、トランスポンダ占有率を2%以下に抑える規定がある。これは、マルチラテレーションシステムの監視空域に多数の航空機が存在した場合において、トランスポンダ占有率を2%以下に抑える必要があり、監視空域に存在する全ての航空機に対してSSRモードS個別質問を一定時間内に実施できない可能性がある。このため、航空管制運用において目標検出率が低下する可能性があり、マルチラテレーションシステムの信頼性と安全性との低下を招く可能性がある。
監視領域に存在する移動体からの応答信号を受信する複数の受信局と、前記複数の受信局における前記応答信号の受信時刻を基に前記移動体の位置を測位する中央処理部とから構成され、前記中央処理部にて前記複数の受信局の受信時刻から前記移動体の幾何学的位置を計測する移動体位置測定システムに用いる中央処理部であって、
前記移動体位置測定システムに、前記移動体に質問信号を送信する少なくとも1以上の送受信局を配置し、
前記送受信局において、前記質問信号の送信覆域を、全ての移動体に対して共通の質問を行う方式のSSR(Secondary Surveillance Radar)モードA/Cの質問及び応答の覆域範囲に制限するとともに、個別に質問及び応答を可能とする方式のSSRモードS個別質問を行わせ、
管制上において重要度の高い移動体から優先的に前記SSRモードS個別質問を行うよう前記送受信局を制御する手段を有し、
前記送受信局に、監視対象となっている移動体に対して、ACAS(Airborne Collision Avoidance System)で実施されているウイスパーシャウト送信方式を利用したSSRモードA/C質問と応答とを処理させることを特徴とする中央処理部。
前記質問信号の送信に適した送受信局を選択する手段と、その選択した送受信局に質問制御信号を送出する手段とを含み、
前記送受信局が前記質問制御信号に基づいて前記監視領域内の移動体に前記質問信号を送信することで、全ての送受信局が同時に前記質問信号を送信するのを抑止することを特徴とする付記1に記載の中央処理部。
前記送受信局に、前記質問制御信号で指定される送受信局の順番で、指定された送信時刻に前記SSRモードA/Cの質問信号を送信させることを特徴とする付記2に記載の中央処理部。
前記送受信局において、前記質問制御信号に基づく制御により、前記移動体に対して最適な位置関係にある送信装置から前記SSRモードA/Cの質問信号を送信させることを特徴とする付記2または付記3に記載の中央処理部。
前記移動体位置測定システムが、少なくともMLAT(Multilateration:マルチラテレーション)システム及び広域で用いられるWAM[Wide Area MLAT(Multilateration)]システムのいずれかであることを特徴とする付記1から付記4のいずれかに記載の中央処理部。
監視領域に存在する移動体からの応答信号を受信する複数の受信局と、前記複数の受信局における前記応答信号の受信時刻を基に前記移動体の位置を測位する中央処理部とから構成され、前記中央処理部にて前記複数の受信局の受信時刻から前記移動体の幾何学的位置を計測する移動体位置測定システムに用いる送信制御方法であって、
前記移動体位置測定システムに、前記移動体に質問信号を送信する少なくとも1以上の送受信局を配置し、
前記送受信局において、前記質問信号の送信覆域を、全ての移動体に対して共通の質問を行う方式のSSR(Secondary Surveillance Radar)モードA/Cの質問及び応答の覆域範囲に制限するとともに、個別に質問及び応答を可能とする方式のSSRモードS個別質問を行わせ、
前記中央処理部が、管制上において重要度の高い移動体から優先的に前記SSRモードS個別質問を行うよう前記送受信局を制御する処理を実行し、
前記送受信局が、監視対象となっている移動体に対して、ACAS(Airborne Collision Avoidance System)で実施されているウイスパーシャウト送信方式を利用したSSRモードA/C質問と応答とを処理することを特徴とする質問制御方法。
前記中央処理部が、前記質問信号の送信に適した送受信局を選択する処理と、その選択した送受信局に質問送信制御信号を送出する処理とを実行し、
前記中央処理部は、前記送受信局が前記質問制御信号に基づいて前記監視空域内の移動体に前記質問信号を送信することで、全ての送受信局が同時に前記質問信号を送信するのを抑止することを特徴とする付記6に記載の質問制御方法。
前記送受信局において、前記中央処理部からの前記質問制御信号で指定される送受信局の順番で、指定された送信時刻に前記SSRモードA/Cの質問信号を送信させることを特徴とする付記7に記載の質問制御方法。
前記送受信局において、前記中央処理部からの前記質問制御信号に基づく制御により、前記移動体に対して最適な位置関係にある送受信局から前記SSRモードA/Cの質問信号を送信させることを特徴とする付記7または付記8に記載の質問制御方法。
前記移動体位置測定システムが、少なくともMLAT(Multilateration:マルチラテレーション)システム及び広域で用いられるWAM[Wide Area MLAT(Multilateration)]システムのいずれかであることを特徴とする付記6から付記9のいずれかに記載の質問制御方法。
2 中央処理部
3-1~3-5 SSRモードA/C質問
4-1~4-5 通信回線
5 航空機
6 GPS衛星
7-1~7-5 SSRモードA/C応答、SSRモードS応答、捕捉または拡張スキッタ信号
8 GPS空中線
9 GPS受信機
10 空中線
11 受信部
12 サーキュレータ
13 合成器
14-1~14-2 可変減衰器
15 RFパルス切替スイッチ
16 送信制御器
17 変調パルス発生器
18 電力増幅器
19 発振器
22 通信部
23 目標位置測位部
24 目標情報解析部
25 目標情報生成部
26 送信制御情報生成部
27 目標追尾部
28 目標優先順位判定部
Claims (8)
-
移動体に質問信号を送信する少なくとも1以上の送受信局を含み、
前記送受信局は、前記質問信号の送信覆域を、全ての移動体に対して共通の質問を行う方式のSSR(Secondary Surveillance Radar)モードA/Cの質問及び応答の覆域範囲に制限するとともに、個別に質問及び応答を可能とする方式のSSRモードS個別質問を行い、
中央処理部は、管制上において重要度の高い移動体から優先的に前記SSRモードS個別質問を行うよう前記送信装置を制御する手段を有することを特徴とする移動体位置測定システム。 - 前記送受信局は、監視対象となっている移動体に対して、ACAS(Airborne Collision Avoidance System)で実施されているウイスパーシャウト送信方式を利用したSSRモードA/C質問と応答とを処理する手段を含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の移動体位置測定システム。
- 前記中央処理部は、前記質問信号の送信に適した送受信局を選択する手段と、その選択した送受信局に質問制御信号を送出する手段とを含み、
前記中央処理部は、前記送受信局が前記質問制御信号に基づいて前記監視領域内の移動体に前記質問信号を送信することで、全ての送受信局が同時に前記質問信号を送信するのを抑止することを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2記載の移動体位置測定システム。 - 前記送受信局は、前記中央処理部からの前記質問制御信号で指定される送受信局の順番で、指定された送信時刻に前記SSRモードA/Cの質問信号を送信することを特徴とする請求項3記載の移動体位置測定システム。
- 前記送受信局は、前記中央処理部からの前記質問制御信号に基づく制御により、前記移動体に対して最適な位置関係にある送受信局から前記SSRモードA/Cの質問信号を送信することを特徴とする請求項3または請求項4記載の移動体位置測定システム。
- 少なくともMLAT(Multilateration:マルチラテレーション)システム及び広域で用いられるWAM[Wide Area MLAT(Multilateration)]システムのいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項5のいずれか記載の移動体位置測定システム。
-
移動体位置測定システムに、移動体に質問信号を送信する少なくとも1以上の送受信局を配置し、
前記送受信局において、前記質問信号の送信覆域を、全ての移動体に対して共通の質問を行う方式のSSR(Secondary Surveillance Radar)モードA/Cの質問及び応答の覆域範囲に制限するとともに、個別に質問及び応答を可能とする方式のSSRモードS個別質問を行わせ、
管制上において重要度の高い移動体から優先的に前記SSRモードS個別質問を行うよう前記送受信局を制御する手段を有することを特徴とする中央処理部。 -
移動体位置測定システムに、移動体に質問信号を送信する少なくとも1以上の送受信局を配置し、
前記送受信局において、前記質問信号の送信覆域を、全ての移動体に対して共通の質問を行う方式のSSR(Secondary Surveillance Radar)モードA/Cの質問及び応答の覆域範囲に制限するとともに、個別に質問及び応答を可能とする方式のSSRモードS個別質問を行わせ、
前記中央処理部が、管制上において重要度の高い移動体から優先的に前記SSRモードS個別質問を行うよう前記送受信局を制御する処理を実行することを特徴とする質問制御方法。
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JP5958528B2 (ja) | 2016-08-02 |
JPWO2013121694A1 (ja) | 2015-05-11 |
KR20140121838A (ko) | 2014-10-16 |
MY172432A (en) | 2019-11-25 |
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