WO2013107107A1 - 一种制备海绵钛的工艺方法 - Google Patents
一种制备海绵钛的工艺方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013107107A1 WO2013107107A1 PCT/CN2012/073574 CN2012073574W WO2013107107A1 WO 2013107107 A1 WO2013107107 A1 WO 2013107107A1 CN 2012073574 W CN2012073574 W CN 2012073574W WO 2013107107 A1 WO2013107107 A1 WO 2013107107A1
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- titanium sponge
- resistance furnace
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- RXCBCUJUGULOGC-UHFFFAOYSA-H dipotassium;tetrafluorotitanium;difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[K+].[K+].[Ti+4] RXCBCUJUGULOGC-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1263—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction
- C22B34/1268—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction using alkali or alkaline-earth metals or amalgams
- C22B34/1272—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction using alkali or alkaline-earth metals or amalgams reduction of titanium halides, e.g. Kroll process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1263—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction
- C22B34/1277—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction using other metals, e.g. Al, Si, Mn
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for preparing titanium sponge, in particular to a process for preparing titanium sponge with low cost and high efficiency and continuous operation.
- the production process of sponge titanium at home and abroad is mainly: metal thermal reduction method, especially the preparation of metal M by the reaction of metal reducing agent (R) with metal oxide or chloride (MX).
- the titanium metallurgical methods that have been industrially produced are the magnesium thermal reduction method (Krol l method) and the sodium thermal reduction method (Hunter method). Because the Hunter method is more expensive to produce than the Krol l method, the only widely used method in the industry is the Krol l method.
- the main process in the Krol l method is: after removing the oxide film and impurities, the magnesium ingot is placed in a reactor for heating and melting, and then titanium tetrachloride (TiC l 4 ) is introduced, and the reaction is formed.
- Titanium particles are deposited, and the resulting liquid magnesium chloride is discharged through the slag mouth in time.
- the reaction temperature is usually maintained at 800 to 900 ° C and the reaction time is between several hours and several days.
- the residual magnesium metal and magnesium chloride remaining in the final product can be removed by washing with hydrochloric acid, or can be removed by distillation at 900 ° C, and the high purity of titanium is maintained.
- the disadvantages of the Kroll method are higher costs, longer production cycles, and environmental pollution, which limits further application and promotion. At present, there is no fundamental change in the process, and it is still intermittent production, failing to achieve continuous production.
- the present invention provides a process for the process of producing titanium sponge by process:
- the present invention designs an apparatus for preparing titanium sponge, and the apparatus for preparing titanium sponge includes: a reactor and a reactor cover with a stirring device, the reaction a sealing ⁇ is disposed between the cover and the reactor; a side of the reactor cover is provided with a lifting device for controlling the lifting and lowering of the reactor cover, and a sealed electric resistance furnace is further disposed above the reactor cover.
- a valve is disposed under the resistance furnace; an evacuation tube and an inflation tube are disposed above the reactor cover.
- the present invention provides a process for preparing titanium sponge comprising the following steps:
- Step A Place the aluminum in a closed resistance furnace, evacuate it, pass an inert gas, and heat it into an aluminum liquid;
- Step B Open the reactor lid, add appropriate amount of potassium fluorotitanate in the reactor, cover the reactor cover, check for leaks, slowly heat up to 150 ° C, vacuum and continue to reheat to 250 ° C;
- Step C Introduce an inert gas into the reactor, continue to raise the temperature to 750 ° C, and stir evenly;
- Step D Open the valve, adjust the stirring speed, drip the aluminum liquid, and control the reaction temperature to 750-850 ° C;
- Step E Open the reactor lid, remove the stirring device, and remove the upper layer of KA1F 4 to obtain titanium sponge.
- the invention also provides a second process for preparing titanium sponge, comprising the following steps: Step A': placing magnesium in a sealed electric resistance furnace, evacuating, introducing an inert gas, and heating into a magnesium liquid;
- Step B' open the reactor lid, add appropriate amount of potassium fluorotitanate in the reactor, cover the reactor cover, check for leaks, slowly heat up to 150 ° C, vacuum and continue to heat to 250 ° C;
- Step C' introducing an inert gas into the reactor and continuing to raise the temperature to 750 ° C;
- Step D' opening the valve, adjusting the stirring speed, dropping the magnesium solution, and controlling the reaction temperature to be 750-850 ° C;
- Step E' Open the reactor lid, remove the stirring device, and remove the upper layer of KF and MgF 2 to obtain titanium sponge.
- the mass ratio of aluminum to magnesium is 1:1-1:10.
- the invention also provides a third process for preparing titanium sponge, comprising the following steps: Step A: placing aluminum and magnesium in a sealed electric resistance furnace, evacuating, passing an inert gas, heating to generate a 'mixture ;
- Step B Open the reactor lid, add an appropriate amount of potassium fluorotitanate to the reactor, cover the reactor lid, check for leaks, slowly warm to 150 ° C, evacuate and continue to heat to 250 ° C.
- Step C ⁇ Inject inert gas into the reactor and continue to raise the temperature to 750 ° C;
- Step D ⁇ Open the valve, adjust the stirring speed, drip the mixture, and control the reaction temperature to 750-850 ° C;
- Step E Open the reactor lid, remove the stirring device, and remove the upper layer of KA1F 4 , KF and MgF 2 to obtain titanium sponge.
- the mass ratio of aluminum to magnesium is 18: 1-1: 1.
- the invention has the following beneficial effects: Compared with the conventional process, the invention has the advantages of short process flow, low cost and environmental protection, and the reduction rate and the yield of the sponge titanium can be comparable with the prior art, and finally generated.
- the titanium sponge can be directly used in process production, further saving resources and saving costs.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
一种制备海绵钛的工艺方法,包括以下几个步骤:步骤A:将镁放置在密闭的电阻炉中,抽真空,通惰性气体,加热成镁液;步骤B;打开反应器,加入适量的氟钛酸钾于反应器中,盖上反应器盖后,检漏,缓慢升温至150°C后,抽真空并持续加热至250°C;步骤C:向反应器中通入惰性气体,继续升温至750°C,搅拌均匀;步骤D:开启阀门,调节搅拌速度,滴入镁液,并控制反应的温度为750-850°C;步骤E:打开反应器盖,移出搅拌装置,清除上层的KF和MgF2,得到海绵钛。
Description
一
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制备海绵钛的工艺方法, 尤其涉及一种低成本高效率 可连续化作业的制备海绵钛的工艺方法。
背景技术
国内外的海绵钛生产工艺主要是: 金属热还原法, 尤其是指利用金属 还原剂(R)与金属氧化物或氯化物(MX)的反应制备金属 M。 已经实现工业化 生产的钛冶金方法为镁热还原法(Krol l法)和钠热还原法(Hunter法)。 因 为 Hunter法比 Krol l法生产成本高,所以目前在工业中广泛应用的方法只 有 Krol l法。在克罗尔(Krol l)法中的主要工艺过程为:镁锭经除氧化膜与 杂质之后, 置于反应器中加热熔化, 再通入四氯化钛(TiC l4) , 反应生成的 钛颗粒沉积, 生成的液态氯化镁通过渣口及时排出。 反应温度通常保持在 800 ~ 900 °C , 反应时间在几小时至几天之间。 最终产物中残留的金属镁与 氯化镁可用盐酸清洗除去, 也可在 900 °C下空蒸馏除去, 并保持钛的高纯 度。 克罗尔法的缺点是成本较高, 生产周期较长, 并且污染环境, 限制了 进一步的应用和推广。 目前, 该工艺并没有根本的改变, 仍然是间歇式生 产, 未能实现生产的连续化。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中成本高、 污染严重、 生产周期长的缺点, 本发明 提供了一种工艺化生产海绵钛的工艺方法:
方案 1 : 氟钛酸钾用铝热还原法制备钛的方法:
所涉及到的方程式: 3K2TiF6+4Al = 3Ti+6KF+4AlF3
方案 2: 氟钛酸钾用镁热还原方法制备海绵钛:
所涉及到的方程式:
K2TiF6+2Mg=Ti+2MgF2+2KF
方案 3: 氟钛酸钾用铝 -镁热还原制备方法
所涉及到的化学方程式:
3K2TiF6+4Al = 3Ti+6KF+4AlF3
K2TiF6+2Mg=Ti+2MgF2+2KF
由于原料中氟钛酸钾、 铝、 镁都为固体, 因此, 本发明设计制备海绵钛 的设备,所述制备海绵钛的设备包括:反应器和带有搅拌装置的反应器盖, 所述反应器盖与所述反应器之间设置有密封圏; 所述反应器盖的侧面设置 有用于控制所述反应器盖升降的升降装置, 所述反应器盖上方还设置有密 闭的电阻炉, 所述电阻炉下方设置有阀门; 所述反应器盖上方设置有抽真 空管和充气管。
相应地,本发明提供了一种制备海绵钛的工艺方法,该方法包括以下几 个步骤:
步骤 A: 将铝放置在密闭的电阻炉中, 抽真空, 通惰性气体, 加热成铝 液;
步骤 B: 打开反应器盖, 加入适量的氟钛酸钾于反应器中, 盖上反应器 盖后, 检漏, 緩慢升温至 150°C后, 抽真空并持续再加热至 250°C;
步骤 C: 向反应器中通入惰性气体, 继续升温至 750°C, 搅拌均匀; 步骤 D: 开启阀门, 调节搅拌速度, 滴入铝液, 并控制反应的温度为 750-850°C;
步骤 E:打开反应器盖,移出搅拌装置,清除上层的 KA1F4,得到海绵钛。 本发明还提供了第二种制备海绵钛的工艺方法, 包括以下几个步骤: 步骤 A' : 将镁放置在密闭的电阻炉中, 抽真空, 通惰性气体, 加热成 镁液;
步骤 B' : 打开反应器盖, 加入适量的氟钛酸钾于反应器中, 盖上反应 器盖后, 检漏, 緩慢升温至 150°C后, 抽真空并持续加热至 250°C;
步骤 C' : 向反应器中通入惰性气体, 继续升温至 750°C;
步骤 D' : 开启阀门, 调节搅拌速度, 滴入镁液, 并控制反应的温度为 750-850°C;
步骤 E' : 打开反应器盖, 移出搅拌装置, 清除上层的 KF和 MgF2,得到 海绵钛。
优选的, 所述铝与镁的质量比为 1: 1-1: 10。
本发明还提供了第三种制备海绵钛的工艺方法, 包括以下几个步骤: 步骤 A〃 : 将铝和镁放置在密闭的电阻炉中, 抽真空, 通惰性气体, 加 热至生成'混合液;
步骤 B〃 : 打开反应器盖, 加入适量的氟钛酸钾于反应器中, 盖上反应 器盖后, 检漏, 緩慢升温至 150°C后, 抽真空并持续加热至 250°C。
步骤 C〃 : 向反应器中通入惰性气体, 继续升温至 750°C; 步骤 D〃 : 开启阀门, 调节搅拌速度, 滴入混合液, 并控制反应的温度 为 750- 850°C;
步骤 E〃 : 打开反应器盖, 移出搅拌装置, 清除上层的 KA1F4、 KF和 MgF2, 得到海绵钛。
优选的, 所述铝和镁的质量比为 18: 1-1: 1。
本发明的有益效果是: 本发明采用以上技术方案, 与传统工艺相比, 工 艺流程短、 成本低、 并且环保无害, 海绵钛的还原率和产率可以与现有技 术媲美,并且最后生成的海绵钛可直接用于工艺生产,进一步节约了资源, 节省了成本。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的较优的实施例作进一步的详细说明:
方案 1: 氟钛酸钾用铝热还原法制备钛的方法:
所涉及到的方程式: 3K2TiF6+4Al = 3Ti+6KF+4AlF3
实施例 1:
1.将 36克铝放置在密闭的电阻炉中, 抽真空, 通惰性气体, 加热成铝 液;
2.打开反应器盖,加入 240克的氟钛酸钾于反应器中,盖上反应器盖后, 检漏, 緩慢升温至 150°C后, 抽真空并持续加热至 250°C。
3.向反应器中通入惰性气体, 继续升温至 750°C, 搅拌均匀;
4.开启阀门, 调节搅拌速度, 滴入铝液, 并控制反应的温度为 750- 850°C.
5.打开反应器盖,移出搅拌装置,清除上层的 KA1F4, 得到海绵钛 50.22 克; 产物中含钛量为 90.8%, 还原率为 95%。
实施例 2:
1.将 40克铝放置在密闭的电阻炉中, 抽真空, 通惰性气体, 加热成铝 液;
2.打开反应器盖,加入 240克的氟钛酸钾于反应器中,盖上反应器盖后, 检漏, 緩慢升温至 150°C后, 抽真空, 再加热至 250°C。
3.向反应器中通入惰性气体, 继续升温至 750°C, 搅拌均匀;
4.开启阀门, 调节搅拌速度, 滴入铝液, 并控制反应的温度为
5.打开反应器盖,移出搅拌装置,清除上层的 KA1F4, 得到海绵钛 48.39 克; 产物中含钛量为 97%, 还原率为 97.8%
实施例 3:
1.将 44克铝放置在密闭的电阻炉中, 抽真空, 通惰性气体, 加热成铝 液;
2.打开反应器盖,加入 240克的氟钛酸钾于反应器中,盖上反应器盖后, 检漏, 緩慢升温至 150°C后, 抽真空, 再加热至 250°C
3.向反应器中通入惰性气体, 继续升温至 750°C, 搅拌均匀;
4.开启阀门, 调节搅拌速度, 滴入铝液, 并控制反应的温度为 750- 850°C.
5.打开反应器盖,移出搅拌装置,清除上层的 KA1F4, 得到海绵钛 48.29 克; 产物中含钛量为 98.6%, 还原率为 99.2% 表 1: 反应试验数据
还原率(% ) = (实得海绵钛产物 X产物含 Ti量) /理论 Ti量 方案 2: 氟钛酸钾用镁热还原方法制备海绵钛:
所涉及到的方程式:
K2TiF6+2Mg=Ti+2MgF2+2KF
实施例 4:
1.将镁放置在电阻炉中, 抽真空, 通惰性气体, 加热成镁液;
2.打开反应器盖,加入计算量的氟钛酸钾于反应器中,盖上反应器盖后 , 检漏, 緩慢升温至 150°C后, 抽真空, 再加热至 250°C
3.在反应器中通入惰性气体, 继续升温至 750°C;
4.开启阀门, 调节搅拌速度, 滴入镁液, 并控制反应的温度为 750- 850°C.
5.打开反应器盖, 移出搅拌装置, 清除上层的 KF和 MgF2, 得到海绵钛 47.56克; 产物中含钛量为 99.2%, 还原率为 98.3%。 表 2: 反应试验数据
所涉及到的化学方程式:
3K2TiF6+4Al = 3Ti+6KF+4AlF3
K2TiF6+2Mg=Ti+2MgF2+2KF
实施例 5:
1.将 36克铝和 36克镁放置在密闭的电阻炉中, 抽真空, 通惰性气体, 加热至生成混合液
2.打开反应器盖, 加入 240克氟钛酸钾于反应器中, 盖上反应器盖后, 检漏, 緩慢升温至 150°C后, 抽真空, 再加热至 250°C。
3.向反应器中通入惰性气体, 继续升温至 750°C;
4.开启阀门,调节速度,滴入混合液,并控制反应的温度为 750-850°C.
5.打开反应器盖, 移出搅拌装置, 清除上层的 KA1F4、 KF和 MgF2, 得 到海绵钛 45.12克; 产物中含钛量为 96.5%, 还原率为 90.7%。
实施例 6:
1.将 36克铝和 18克镁放置在封闭的电阻炉中, 抽真空, 通惰性气体, 力口热至生成 '混合液;
2.打开反应器盖, 加入 240克氟钛酸钾于反应器中, 盖上反应器盖后, 检漏, 緩慢升温至 150°C后, 抽真空, 再加热至 250°C;
3.向反应器中通入惰性气体, 继续升温至 750°C;
4.开启阀门,调节速度,滴入混合液,并控制反应的温度为 750-850°C;
5. 打开反应器盖, 移出搅拌装置, 清除上层的 KA1F4、 KF和 MgF2, 得
到海绵钛 45.45克; 产物中含钛量为 98%, 还原率为 92.8% 实施例 7:
1.将 36克铝和 9克镁放置在封闭的电阻炉中, 抽真空, 通惰性气体, 力口热至生成 '混合液;
2.打开反应器盖,加入 240克的氟钛酸钾于反应器中,盖上反应器盖后, 检漏, 緩慢升温至 150°C后, 抽真空, 再加热至 250°C
3.向反应器中通入惰性气体, 继续升温至 750°C;
4.开启阀门,调节速度,滴入混合液,并控制反应的温度为 750-850°C.
5.打开反应器盖, 移出搅拌装置, 清除上层的 KA1F4 KF和 MgF2得到 海绵钛 47.9克; 产物中含钛量为 99.5%, 还原率为 99.3% 实施例 8:
1.将 36克铝和 2克镁放置在封闭的电阻炉中, 抽真空, 通惰性气体, 加热至生成混合液
2.打开反应器盖, 加入 240克氟钛酸钾于反应器中, 盖上反应器盖后, 检漏, 緩慢升温至 150°C后, 抽真空, 再加热至 250°C
3.向反应器中通入惰性气体, 继续升温至 750°C;
4.开启阀门, 调节搅拌速度, 滴入混合液, 并控制反应的温度为 750-850°C;
5.打开反应器盖, 移出搅拌装置, 清除上层的 KA1F4 KF和 MgF2得到 海绵钛 48.29克; 产物中含钛量为 98.9%, 还原率为 99.5%
表 3: 反应试验数据
Claims
1、 一种制备海绵钛的工艺方法, 其特征在于, 所述制备海绵钛的设备 包括: 反应器和带有搅拌装置的反应器盖, 所述反应器盖与所述反应器之 间设置有密封圏; 所述反应器盖的侧面设置有用于控制所述反应器盖升降 的升降装置, 所述反应器盖上方还设置有密闭的电阻炉, 所述电阻炉下方 设置有阀门; 所述反应器盖上方设置有抽真空管和充气管; 该方法包括以 下几个步骤:
步骤 A: 将铝放置在密闭的电阻炉中, 抽真空, 通惰性气体, 加热成铝 液;
步骤 B: 打开反应器盖, 加入适量的氟钛酸钾于反应器中, 盖上反应器 盖后, 检漏, 緩慢升温至 150 °C后, 抽真空并持续再加热至 250 °C ;
步骤 C: 向反应器中通入惰性气体, 继续升温至 750 °C , 搅拌均匀; 步骤 D: 开启阀门, 调节搅拌速度, 滴入铝液, 并控制反应的温度为 750-85 0 °C ;
步骤 E:打开反应器盖,移出搅拌装置,清除上层的 KA 1 F4,得到海绵钛。
2、 一种制备海绵钛的工艺方法, 其特征在于, 所述制备海绵钛的设备 包括: 反应器和带有搅拌装置的反应器盖, 所述反应器盖与所述反应器之 间设置有密封圏; 所述反应器盖的侧面设置有用于控制所述反应器盖升降 的升降装置, 所述反应器盖上方还设置有密闭的电阻炉, 所述电阻炉下方 设置有阀门; 所述反应器盖上方设置有抽真空管和充气管; 该方法包括以 下几个步骤:
步骤 A' : 将镁放置在密闭的电阻炉中, 抽真空, 通惰性气体, 加热成 镁液;
步骤 B' : 打开反应器盖, 加入适量的氟钛酸钾于反应器中, 盖上反应 器盖后, 检漏, 緩慢升温至 150 °C后, 抽真空并持续加热至 250 °C ;
步骤 C' : 向反应器中通入惰性气体, 继续升温至 750 °C ;
步骤 D' : 开启阀门, 调节搅拌速度, 滴入镁液, 并控制反应的温度为 750-85 0 °C ;
步骤 E' : 打开反应器盖, 移出搅拌装置, 清除上层的 KF和 MgF2,得到 海绵钛。
3、 一种制备海绵钛的工艺方法, 其特征在于, 所述制备海绵钛的设备 包括: 反应器和带有搅拌装置的反应器盖, 所述反应器盖与所述反应器之 间设置有密封圏; 所述反应器盖的侧面设置有用于控制所述反应器盖升降 的升降装置, 所述反应器盖上方还设置有密闭的电阻炉, 所述电阻炉下方 设置有阀门; 所述反应器盖上方设置有抽真空管和充气管; 该方法包括以 下几个步骤:
步骤 A〃 : 将铝和镁放置在密闭的电阻炉中, 抽真空, 通惰性气体, 加 热至生成'混合液;
步骤 B〃 : 打开反应器盖, 加入适量的氟钛酸钾于反应器中, 盖上反应 器盖后, 检漏, 緩慢升温至 150 °C后, 抽真空并持续加热至 250 °C。
步骤 C〃 : 向反应器中通入惰性气体, 继续升温至 750 °C ;
步骤 D〃 : 开启阀门, 调节搅拌速度, 滴入混合液, 并控制反应的温度 为 750- 850 °C ;
步骤 E〃 : 打开反应器盖, 移出搅拌装置, 清除上层的 KA 1 F4、 KF和 MgF2 , 得到海绵钛。
4、 如权利要求 3 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述铝和镁的质量比为 18 : 1-1 : 1。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 D中滴入铝液的 时间为 4小时。
6、 如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 D中滴入镁液的 时间为 4小时。
7、 如权利要求 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 D中滴入混合液 的时间为 4小时。
8、 如权利要求 1至 3任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述搅拌速度 为 60r / min。
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US4468248A (en) * | 1980-12-22 | 1984-08-28 | Occidental Research Corporation | Process for making titanium metal from titanium ore |
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US5071472A (en) * | 1986-09-15 | 1991-12-10 | The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior | Induction slag reduction process for purifying metals |
US5397375A (en) * | 1991-02-21 | 1995-03-14 | The University Of Melbourne | Process for the production of metallic titanium and intermediates useful in the processing of ilmenite and related minerals |
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