WO2013105298A1 - 振動センサ、外部環境検出装置 - Google Patents
振動センサ、外部環境検出装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013105298A1 WO2013105298A1 PCT/JP2012/070829 JP2012070829W WO2013105298A1 WO 2013105298 A1 WO2013105298 A1 WO 2013105298A1 JP 2012070829 W JP2012070829 W JP 2012070829W WO 2013105298 A1 WO2013105298 A1 WO 2013105298A1
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- vibration
- group
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- electrode
- electret
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H11/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties
- G01H11/06—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/06—Influence generators
- H02N1/08—Influence generators with conductive charge carrier, i.e. capacitor machines
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vibration sensor that detects external vibration and a detection device that detects environmental parameters including external vibration.
- a vibration power generation apparatus that generates power using this vibration energy has been developed, and electrets that can hold a charge semipermanently are widely used in the power generation apparatus (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the moving direction of a movable substrate that reciprocates for power generation is set in two or more different directions. Thereby, external vibration can be efficiently collected in the power generation device, and power generation by the vibration can be performed.
- a vibration power generation apparatus using an electret that has been conventionally developed generally has a pair of substrates 21 and 25 configured to be capable of relative movement while being kept facing each other.
- the electret 22 and the guard electrode 23 are arranged in a comb shape on one side, and a pair of electrodes 26 and 27 are arranged on the other side. Therefore, when external vibration is applied to the vibration power generator, the electret 22 moves relative to the pair of electrodes 26 and 27, so that the electret 22 crosses the plurality of pairs of electrodes 26 and 27. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8A and FIG.
- the output voltage of the vibration power generator is a power generation output and also a vibration detection signal including vibration information of external vibration.
- a voltage in which the ripple voltage is superimposed on the generated voltage corresponding to the period of the external vibration is output.
- the degree of the ripple voltage superposition depends on the external vibration. It varies depending on the magnitude of relative movement between the electret and the comb electrode. For this reason, it is not possible to immediately grasp the state of external vibration from the output voltage of the direct power generation with the ripple voltage superimposed on it.
- Various electrical operations such as frequency detection of the ripple voltage and removal of the ripple voltage from the generated voltage are not possible. Processing is required. For this reason, a device for performing processing related to external vibration and electric power for driving the device are required, and it cannot be said that it is easy to use the vibration power generation device as it is as a vibration detection device.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a highly convenient vibration sensor that detects external vibration using an electret.
- a vibration sensor using an electret is provided with a plurality of configurations for generating an electrical signal corresponding to external vibration, and a predetermined interval is provided between the electrical signals generated by each configuration.
- a phase difference is included, and an electric signal from each component including the predetermined phase difference is superimposed to obtain an external vibration detection signal.
- the present invention provides a first substrate and a second substrate configured to be capable of relative movement by external vibration while maintaining a state of facing each other, and one surface side of the first substrate.
- An electret group consisting of a plurality of electrets arranged in the relative movement direction; and an electrode group consisting of a plurality of electrodes arranged in the relative movement direction on the surface side of the second substrate facing the electret group;
- a detection signal of external vibration is output by changing a positional relationship between the electret group and the electrode group in accordance with a relative positional change between the first substrate and the second substrate due to external vibration. It is a vibration sensor.
- the said electrode group is divided into two or more predetermined number of phases, the small electrode group which can produce
- the generation interval is set according to the predetermined number of phases.
- the vibration sensor according to the present invention is a signal formed by superposing electric signals generated by the plurality of small electrode groups as a result of a relative positional change between the first substrate and the second substrate due to external vibration. Is output as an external vibration detection signal.
- the vibration sensor according to the present invention utilizes the property of an electret that can hold a charge semi-permanently, and has a charge capacity corresponding to external vibration between the electrode group and the electret group provided on two relatively movable substrates. Fluctuations are output as electrical signals from the electrode group.
- a small electrode group is formed by dividing the electrode group into two or more predetermined phase numbers, and the characteristics of the electret are used in the small electrode groups having the predetermined number of phases. An electrical signal corresponding to the external vibration is generated.
- the predetermined number of phases in the present invention may be an arbitrary number that can practically improve the accuracy of the detection signal of external vibration obtained as a result of superposition of electric signals described later, and theoretically, the predetermined number of phases is A larger number is preferable, but from the viewpoint of practical design of the vibration sensor, for example, from the viewpoint of the power loss in the rectifier for rectifying the extracted signal, from the viewpoint of the size and arrangement of the signal extraction pad from the electrode, 3 to About 6 phases is appropriate. Of course, as long as the function as a vibration sensor is not impaired, a larger number of phases can be adopted as the present invention.
- a phase difference generation interval is provided in either the electrode group or the electret group.
- This phase difference generation interval is an electrode interval provided between one electrode included in the electrode group and an electrode adjacent to the one electrode when it is provided in the electrode group. Due to the presence of the phase difference generation interval, each of the electric signals corresponding to the external vibration generated by the small electrode group is an electric signal having a predetermined phase difference so that the electric signals do not coincide with each other. That is, as the first substrate and the second substrate move relative to each other, the electret group sequentially moves across a plurality of electrodes included in the electrode group, and this movement is reflected in the electrical signal generated by the electrode group.
- a time shift that is, a phase difference
- the generation of the time lag due to the arrangement of the phase difference generation intervals is the same when the phase difference generation intervals are arranged as intervals between electrets included in the electret group. What is important is that a phase difference is generated in either the electrode group or electret group in order to cause a phase difference in the generated electrical signal in the small electrode group between the relatively moving electrode group and electret group. This means that it is only necessary to arrange the interval.
- the external vibration applied due to the existence of the phase difference generation interval generates an electrical signal including a corresponding phase difference in the small electrode group.
- the electrical signals are superimposed and output as an external vibration detection signal.
- the electrical signal generated by each small electrode group is based on a frequency in accordance with the frequency of the external vibration, and the ripple voltage signal generated when the electret included in the electret group crosses the electrode included in the electrode group is superimposed on it. It is a thing.
- the electrical signals from each electrode group include a phase difference due to the phase difference generation interval, even if these electrical signals are superimposed, the ripple voltage signal is superimposed due to the presence of the phase difference.
- the ripple voltage signal is partially overlapped, and as a result, the influence of the ripple voltage signal on the basic signal in accordance with the external vibration can be reduced. Therefore, as described above, the signal formed by superimposing the signal reduces the influence of the ripple voltage that could not be solved by the prior art in the detection of the external vibration using the electret. As a result, the simplicity of the vibration sensor can be improved.
- the predetermined phase difference included in the electric signal generated by the small electrode group is important as an element that reduces the influence of the ripple voltage signal on the basic signal in accordance with external vibration, and is practical.
- the phase difference generation interval may be set as appropriate based on the specific structure and size of the electrodes and electrets so that the above-described relaxation effect becomes significant.
- an example is given about the concrete structure of the phase difference generation interval which produces this predetermined phase difference.
- one of the electret group and the electrode group is an equally arranged group in which a distance between electrodes included in the group or a distance between electrets is constant, and the electret group and the electrode group
- the other of the electrode groups is a non-uniformly arranged group in which the phase difference generation interval is included in the arrangement of electrodes or electrets included in the group.
- the interval between adjacent electrodes or the interval between adjacent electrets in the uniform arrangement group is the interval between electrodes or the interval between adjacent electrets other than the phase difference generation interval in the non-uniform arrangement group. It may be set substantially the same.
- the phase difference generation interval is present in the interval between the electrets included in the electret group and the interval between the electrodes included in the electrode group.
- the electrical signal corresponding to the predetermined number of phases can include a predetermined phase difference for mitigating the influence of the ripple voltage signal described above, so that these electrical signals are superposed to detect external vibrations.
- a signal can be formed.
- the phase difference generation interval A1 is the width of the electrode or the width of the electret, and the interval between the electrodes other than the phase difference generation interval in the non-uniformly arranged group or adjacent thereto.
- each of the electrical signals generated by the small electrode group can include a predetermined phase difference on average, and the external vibration detection signal formed by superimposing is generated by the specific small electrode group. It can be made less susceptible to the influence of electrical signals.
- the small electrode groups having the predetermined number of phases are sequentially arranged in the relative movement direction for each small electrode group, and the adjacent small electrodes are arranged.
- the phase difference generation interval is not provided on the electret group side, and the electrode interval between one small electrode group and the adjacent small electrode group is set as the phase difference generation interval.
- a predetermined phase difference is included in the electrical signal generated by the small electrode group.
- each of the small electrode groups having the predetermined number of phases is provided for each small electrode group.
- a configuration may be adopted in which the electrode interval at is set to the phase difference generation interval. That is, if the electrode interval between the small electrode groups can be set as the phase difference generation interval along the relative movement direction even if the small electrode groups having a predetermined number of phases are arranged in a direction different from the relative movement direction, the above steps can be performed.
- the electrical signal generated by the small electrode group due to external vibration includes a predetermined phase difference, and by superimposing the generated electrical signals, the influence of the ripple voltage can be reduced.
- the influence of the ripple voltage can be reduced.
- each small electrode group can be arranged as a direction different from the relative movement direction and the phase difference generation interval can be set, any direction that does not overlap the relative movement direction (for example, perpendicular to the relative movement direction). Can be adopted.
- phase difference generation intervals on the electrode group side the above-described configurations can be employed, but configurations other than these configurations can also be employed.
- various phase difference generation intervals can be used as long as electrical signals corresponding to external vibrations including a predetermined phase difference are generated in an electrode group divided into a predetermined number of phases.
- the arrangement configuration can be adopted.
- the phase difference generation interval is arranged on the electret group side.
- the electret group is divided into the predetermined number of phases to form a small electret group, and each of the small electret groups on the first substrate is the small electret group.
- the electret intervals between the adjacent small electret groups are set as the phase difference generation intervals in order in the relative movement direction.
- the small electret group having such a configuration is considered as a group of electrets that can be structurally distinguished by the phase difference generation interval.
- the small electret groups are sequentially arranged along the relative movement direction with the phase difference generation interval in between, so that the small electrodes are arranged to face the electret group.
- a predetermined phase difference is included in the electrical signal of the group.
- the present invention can be grasped from a different aspect from the vibration sensor described above. That is, in the vibration sensor up to the above, a predetermined phase difference is included in the electric signal generated by the small electrode group by arranging the phase difference generation interval in either the electrode group or the electret group.
- the vibration sensor is configured to have a vibration detection unit including an electrode group and an electret group and having a predetermined number of phases, and an output signal from each vibration detection unit includes a predetermined phase difference.
- the relative positional relationship between the electrode group and the electret group is adjusted.
- the vibration sensor according to the present invention includes a first substrate and a second substrate configured to be capable of relative movement by external vibration while maintaining a state of being opposed to each other, and the first substrate
- An electret group composed of a plurality of electrets arranged in the relative movement direction on one surface side, and a plurality of electrodes arranged in the relative movement direction on the surface side facing the electret group in the second substrate.
- the vibration sensor includes a vibration detection unit that outputs an electric signal according to a predetermined number of phases.
- a predetermined phase difference is generated between the electrical signals output from the vibration detection units having the predetermined number of phases.
- a predetermined positional deviation along the relative movement direction is set in the relative positional relationship between the electret group and the electrode group included in each vibration detection unit between the vibration detection units, and external vibration is applied to the vibration sensor.
- a signal formed by superposing electric signals output from the vibration detection units having the predetermined number of phases is output as an external vibration detection signal.
- the present invention can also be understood as an external environment detection device including the vibration sensor described above.
- the external environment detection device is a device for detecting a parameter related to the external environment including at least external vibration.
- the external environment detection device includes the vibration sensor described above, and the vibration sensor includes the vibration sensor described above. It also functions as a vibration power generation device that generates power using an external vibration detection signal as a power generation output, and performs signal processing related to a power storage unit that stores power generated by the vibration sensor and the external vibration detection signal output by the vibration sensor.
- a processing unit that is, the vibration sensor according to the present invention functions as a power generation device that generates electric power stored in the power storage unit and used for signal processing by the processing unit, in addition to detecting external vibration.
- the external environment detection apparatus having such a configuration can supply power necessary for signal processing of the detected external signal by the apparatus itself in addition to detection of external vibration. Therefore, the external environment detection device can be used for a wide range of applications without requiring external power supply.
- the external environment detection device further includes an environmental parameter sensor for detecting a predetermined environmental parameter other than external vibration
- the processing unit uses the electric power stored in the power storage unit to You may perform the signal processing regarding the detection signal by the drive of a parameter sensor and / or this environmental parameter sensor.
- FIG. 1st figure shows the detection signal of an external vibration by the vibration sensor shown in FIG.
- FIG. 2nd figure shows the detection signal of an external vibration by the vibration sensor shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a vibration sensor 10 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the vibration sensor 10, that is, a sectional view taken along the ZX plane.
- the vibration sensor 10 includes a first substrate 1 and a second substrate 5 that are housed inside a housing (not shown).
- the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 5 are configured to be relatively movable while maintaining a state in which they face each other.
- the second substrate 5 is fixed to the housing.
- both ends of the first substrate 1 are respectively connected to the housing by springs, the first substrate 1 itself is configured to move (vibrate) with respect to the housing by external vibration. .
- the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 5 are relatively movable in a state of being opposed to each other and in a state of being parallel to each other, that is, in a state where the distance between the opposed surfaces is kept constant. It is configured. As a result, an electric signal can be generated by the pair of electrodes 6 and 7 on the second substrate 5 side by the action of the electret 2 on the first substrate 1 side, as will be described later. Since this electric signal generation principle is a conventional technique, a detailed description thereof is omitted in this specification.
- the configuration for maintaining the distance between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 5, that is, the configuration for maintaining the smooth relative movement of both is important in order to improve the generation performance of the electric signal. Since it deviates from the core of the present invention, reference is not made in this specification.
- FIG. 1 is a ZX sectional view.
- the electret 2 and the guard electrode 4 are illustrated as being alternately arranged.
- the electret 2 is configured to hold a negative charge semipermanently.
- the width of the electret 2 in the relative movement direction hereinafter simply referred to as “the width of the electret 2”
- the width of the guard electrode 4 in the relative movement direction is w
- the distance in the relative movement direction between the adjacent electret 2 and the guard electrode 4 hereinafter simply referred to as “the distance between the electret 2 and the guard electrode 4”.
- the guard electrode 4 although the structure which is not grounded as above-mentioned is employ
- an electric signal corresponding to external vibration can be taken out as a stable signal centered on 0 V by a first electrode 6 and a second electrode 7 described later, so that stable external vibration can be detected. Is useful.
- each phase composed of one or a plurality of sets of electrodes each having a pair of electrodes (referred to as a first electrode 6 and a first electrode 7).
- Each small electrode group is formed on the surface of the second substrate 5 facing the first substrate 1.
- the number of phases for determining the number of small electrode groups is 3, which are referred to as A phase, B phase, and C phase, respectively, and the first electrode 6 and the second electrode 7 belong to them.
- the reference numbers (6, 7) are followed by A, B, C indicating the phases (the description of the reference numbers accompanying the phases in this way will be described later). And so on).
- the number of pairs of the first electrode 6 and the second electrode 7 included in one small electrode group is 1, and the A phase and the B phase are arranged along the relative movement direction.
- the small electrode groups are repeatedly arranged in the order of C phase.
- the widths of the first electrode 6 and the second electrode 7 in the relative movement direction are as described above. It is set to w similarly to the width of the electret 2. Further, the distance in the relative movement direction between the first electrode 6 and the second electrode 7 in one small electrode group corresponding to each phase (hereinafter simply referred to as “electrode distance in the small electrode group”) is the above electret. 2 and the guard electrode 4 are set to a.
- the electrode spacing in the relative movement direction between the small electrode group corresponding to one phase and the adjacent small electrode group (for example, the second electrode 7A of the small electrode group corresponding to the A phase and the B phase)
- the electrode interval between the corresponding small electrode groups and the first electrode 6B which is hereinafter referred to as “electrode interval between the small electrode groups”) is the electrode interval a in the small electrode group. Differently, it is a + ⁇ . That is, the electrodes between the phases are set to be different from the electrode spacing within the phases.
- the electrode spacing between the small electrode groups By setting the electrode spacing between the small electrode groups in this way, when the first substrate 1 moves relative to the second substrate 5 due to external vibration, between the electrical signals generated in each small electrode group. It is possible to include a predetermined phase difference (time delay). That is, on the first substrate 1 side, regardless of the phase to which the small electrode group belongs, the interval between any electret 2 and the guard electrode 4 is constant a, but on the second substrate side, Since the electrode interval and the electrode interval between the small electrode groups are different, when the electret 2 crosses the electrode interval a + ⁇ between the small electrode groups, the phase difference corresponding to ⁇ which is the difference between a + ⁇ and a is small.
- FIG. 2A shows an example reflected in the electric signal generated by the electrode group.
- the middle stage shows the generated electric signal P2 between the first electrode 6B and the second electrode 7B corresponding to the B phase.
- the upper part is a generated electric signal P3 between the first electrode 6C and the second electrode 7C corresponding to the C phase.
- FIG. 2B shows the detection signal P generated by superimposing the signals.
- the influence of the ripple voltage is relatively large, but the influence of the ripple voltage can be reduced by superimposing the electric signals generated in each small electrode group adjusted to include the phase difference in this way. It is possible to relax and form a detection signal indicating a basic vibration very close to the movement of the external vibration. By outputting a signal very close to the movement of the external vibration in this way, it is possible to detect the external vibration directly without performing signal processing related to the ripple voltage, so the external vibration is detected. Convenience as a vibration sensor can be improved.
- the electrode interval a + ⁇ between the small electrode groups shown in FIG. 1 corresponds to the phase difference generation interval according to the present invention, but the interval may be provided not on the second substrate 5 side but on the first substrate 1 side. Good.
- all electrode intervals are set equal to a
- the small group of electrets 2 corresponding to the small electrode group is classified according to the number of phases.
- the interval may be provided as a phase difference generation interval, and the size of the interval may be a + ⁇ .
- the electrode interval between the small electrode groups as the phase difference generation interval is set to a + ⁇ , but it may be set to a ⁇ instead. Even if it sets in this way, as shown to FIG. 2A, the phase difference of the electric signal produced
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the arrangement of the small electrode group (first electrode 6 and second electrode 7) on the second substrate 5 side of the vibration sensor 10 in the XY plane (in FIG. 3, the first substrate 1 is shown). The side configuration is omitted). Therefore, in FIG. 3, the comb-like shape of the first electrode 6 and the second electrode 7 included in each small electrode group can be confirmed.
- the small electrode groups are sequentially arranged for each phase along the relative movement direction of the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 5.
- the electrode interval between the electrode group and the small electrode group is set to the phase difference generation interval according to the present invention.
- the first embodiment employs a configuration in which the small electrode group is arranged along the relative movement direction.
- the small electrode group is arranged in a direction different from the relative movement direction.
- a configuration in which they are arranged in a direction (Y direction) perpendicular thereto is adopted.
- the first electrode 6A and the second electrode 7A corresponding to the A phase are alternately arranged in the X direction
- the first electrode 6B and the second electrode 7B corresponding to the B phase are
- the first electrodes 6C and the second electrodes 7C corresponding to the C phase are alternately arranged in the X direction.
- a small electrode group will be arranged in the Y direction.
- the size, shape, and electrode interval (interval in the relative movement direction) of the electrodes are the same.
- the electrode arrangement on the second substrate 5 side is developed two-dimensionally.
- the arrangement of the electrets 2 and the like of the first substrate 1 is basically the same as the configuration shown in FIG. 1 with respect to the second substrate 5 having such an electrode arrangement, and the three-phase on the second substrate 5 side. It arrange
- a ⁇ deviation is set along the relative movement direction between the small electrode group corresponding to the A phase and the small electrode group corresponding to the B phase, and the small electrode group corresponding to the B phase is set.
- a shift of ⁇ is set along the relative movement direction between the electrode group and the small electrode group corresponding to the C phase.
- the definition of ⁇ is as shown in the first embodiment.
- an external vibration detection signal in which the influence of the ripple voltage is reduced can be output by superimposing the electric signals generated in each small electrode group.
- the configuration of the vibration sensor 10 shown in the second embodiment also has a ⁇ shift corresponding to the phase difference generation interval of the present invention, and this configuration is similar to the first embodiment in the simplicity of the vibration sensor. It contributes to improvement.
- FIG. 4A is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the vibration sensor 15 according to the present invention.
- the vibration sensor 15 superimposes the generated signals from the vibration detection units 16A, 16B, and 16C corresponding to the A phase, the B phase, and the C phase. By combining them, an external vibration detection signal is output.
- four vibration detection units 16 are arranged for each phase.
- the vibration detection unit 16 itself basically has the same arrangement of the electret 2 and the arrangement of the first electrode 6 and the second electrode 7 as in the prior art shown in FIG. (See FIG. 4B.
- FIG. 4B is a diagram comparing the second substrate 5 for each phase on the basis of the first substrate 1 so that the difference of the vibration detection unit for each phase can be understood). Therefore, in the single vibration detection unit 16, the width of the electret 2, the width of the guard electrode 4, and the widths of the first electrode 6 and the second electrode 7 are all the same w. Furthermore, the distance between the electret 2 and the guard electrode 4 and the distance between the first electrode 6 and the second electrode 7 are the same a.
- a predetermined positional deviation is set along the relative movement direction in the relative positional relationship between the electret 2 and the first and second electrodes 6 and 7 included in each vibration detection unit.
- FIG. 4B the relative positional relationship between the electret 2 on the first substrate 1 and the first and second electrodes 6 and 7 on the second substrate 5 in the vibration detection unit 16A corresponding to the A phase is used as a reference.
- the vibration detection unit 16B corresponding to the B phase the first and second electrodes 6 and 7 on the second substrate 5 are displaced by ⁇ in the relative movement direction with respect to the electret 2 on the first substrate 1.
- the first and second electrodes 6 and 7 on the second substrate 5 are displaced by 2 ⁇ in the relative movement direction with respect to the electret 2 on the first substrate 1. is doing.
- the definition of ⁇ is as shown in the first embodiment.
- the phase difference as shown in FIG. 2A can be included in the electrical signal generated by the vibration detection unit corresponding to each phase when external vibration is applied.
- the first substrate 1 of the vibration detection unit corresponding to each phase is vibrated uniformly without distinction of phases.
- an electric signal including a phase difference as shown in FIG. 2A is generated by the vibration detection unit corresponding to each phase. .
- the detection signal of the external vibration which reduced the influence of the ripple voltage can be output by superimposing the electric signal of each phase.
- the configuration of the vibration sensor 15 shown in the third embodiment also contributes to the improvement of the simplicity of the vibration sensor as in the first embodiment.
- the vibration sensor according to the present invention up to the above has a configuration capable of accurately detecting external vibration, but on the other hand, an electric signal generated by external vibration is used as a power generation output, that is, It is also possible to use the vibration sensor as a power generation device using external vibration.
- the technique which produces electric power by an external vibration using an electret has been developed conventionally, the detailed description regarding the said electric power generation is omitted.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic configuration of a management system for the bridge 50 using the external environment detection apparatus 100 including the vibration sensor according to the present invention. Since the performance of the bridge deteriorates with the passage of time of use, it is necessary to grasp the change in the performance of the bridge 50 in a timely manner. For example, the amplitude (vibration displacement) and the vibration frequency related to the vibration of the bridge 50 change in accordance with the progress of deterioration of the bridge 50 caused by an earthquake or repeated passage of a large vehicle. Therefore, several external environment devices 100 including the vibration sensor are installed on the bridge 50.
- the external environment detection apparatus 100 includes an acceleration sensor for detecting information related to vibration of the bridge 50 by the vibration sensors 10 and 15 and detecting acceleration of the bridge 50 as other environmental parameters.
- the environmental parameters detected by the vibration sensor 10 and the like are transmitted to the base station 150 wirelessly.
- the base station 150 is connected to the Internet 160, and the received information regarding the environmental parameters is delivered to the server 200 via the Internet 160.
- the server 200 performs processing related to the performance of the bridge 50 using the acquired environmental parameters, and determines what state the bridge 50 is placed in (for example, the degree of strength reduction).
- the server 200 also stores other information necessary for the determination (such as weather data of the area where the bridge 50 exists, traffic load data of the bridge 50), data servers 170 and 180 connected to the Internet 160, and the like. It is also possible to obtain from.
- FIG. 6 shows functional blocks that represent the functions exhibited by the external environment detection apparatus 100 in an image form.
- the external environment detection apparatus 100 may have a functional unit other than the functional units shown in FIG.
- the external environment detection apparatus 100 roughly includes a vibration sensor, an acceleration sensor, and a transmission unit.
- a power storage unit 101 stores generated power obtained when the vibration sensor functions as a power generation device.
- the vibration detection unit 102 is a functional unit that detects external vibration when the vibration sensors 10 and 15 function as a device for detecting external vibration as described above.
- the processing unit 103 is a functional unit that processes information on external vibration detected by the vibration detection unit 102 as necessary. Note that the power stored in the power storage unit 101 is used to drive the processing unit 103.
- the acceleration detection unit 111 is a functional unit that detects acceleration information related to the bridge 50. Since the detection of acceleration has been widely known, description thereof will be omitted in this specification.
- the processing unit 112 is a functional unit that processes information on acceleration detected by the acceleration detection unit 111 as necessary. Note that the power stored in the power storage unit 101 can be used to drive the acceleration detection unit 111 and the processing unit 112.
- a transmission unit 121 is formed in the transmission unit, and a transmission battery 122 is provided in the unit.
- the transmission unit 121 is a functional unit that temporarily stores the detection data of the vibration detection unit 102 and the acceleration detection unit 111 and the processing results of the processing unit 103 and the processing unit 112 and transmits them to the base station 150. It should be noted that, in order to transmit data to base station 150 wirelessly, corresponding power is required, and therefore transmission power is supplied from transmission battery 122 instead of the power stored in power storage unit 101.
- the external environment detection device 100 uses the vibration sensor according to the present invention to cover the vibration detection and acceleration detection of the bridge 50 and the data processing related thereto with the generated power of the vibration sensor itself. It can be said that the detection of environmental parameters is substantially realized with no power supply. As a result, vibration of the bridge 50 can be easily detected, and the frequency of battery replacement for environmental parameter detection can be reduced.
- the transmission power of the transmission unit 121 is supplied from the transmission battery 122, but the generated power obtained when the vibration sensor functions as a power generation device, that is, stored in the power storage unit 101. Data may be transmitted to the base station 150 wirelessly using power. In this case, if the amount of power stored in power storage unit 101 is sufficient, transmission battery 122 itself can be omitted. Alternatively, power storage unit 101 may be used as an auxiliary power source while transmission battery 122 is installed. .
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Abstract
Description
Δ=(w+a)/n
n:相数(本実施例の場合は3)
2・・・・エレクトレット
4・・・・ガード電極
5・・・・第二基板
6・・・・第一電極
7・・・・第二電極
10・・・・振動センサ
11・・・・整流器
15・・・・振動センサ
16・・・・振動検出ユニット
Claims (9)
- 互いに対向した状態を保ったまま、外部振動により相対移動が可能となるように構成された第一基板および第二基板と、
前記第一基板の一方の面側に、前記相対移動方向に並べられた複数のエレクトレットからなるエレクトレット群と、
前記第二基板における前記エレクトレット群と対向する面側に、前記相対移動方向に並べられた複数の電極からなる電極群と、を備え、
外部振動による前記第一基板と前記第二基板の相対的な位置変化に伴って、前記エレクトレット群と前記電極群との位置関係が変化することによって、外部振動の検出信号を出力する振動センサであって、
前記電極群は二以上の所定相数に区分されて、相ごとに外部振動に応じた電気信号を生成可能な小電極群が形成され、
前記電極群又は前記エレクトレット群のいずれか一方に、該電極群に含まれる隣接する電極間又は該エレクトレット群に含まれる隣接するエレクトレット間に、前記複数の小電極群で生成される電気信号のそれぞれの間に所定の位相差を生じさせる位相差発生間隔が、前記所定相数に応じて設けられ、
外部振動による前記第一基板と前記第二基板の相対的な位置変化の結果、前記複数の小電極群で生成される電気信号を重ね合わせて形成した信号を、外部振動の検出信号として出力する、
振動センサ。 - 前記エレクトレット群と前記電極群のうち一方が、その群に含まれる電極間の間隔又はエレクトレット間の間隔が一定とされる均等配置群とされ、
前記エレクトレット群と前記電極群のうち他方が、その群に含まれる電極又はエレクトレットの配置において前記位相差発生間隔が含まれる非均等配置群とされ、
前記均等配置群における隣接する電極間の間隔又は隣接するエレクトレット間の間隔は、前記非均等配置群における、前記位相差発生間隔以外の、電極間の間隔又は隣接するエレクトレット間の間隔と略同一に設定される、
請求項1に記載の振動センサ。 - 前記位相差発生間隔A1は、前記電極の幅又は前記エレクトレットの幅をW、前記非均等配置群における、該位相差発生間隔以外の、電極間の間隔又は隣接するエレクトレット間の間隔をA、前記所定相数をNとした場合、
A1=A±(W+A)/N
で表わされる、請求項2に記載の振動センサ。 - 前記第二基板において、前記所定相数の小電極群のそれぞれは、該小電極群ごとに前記相対移動方向に順次並べられ、隣接する該小電極群の間の電極間隔が前記位相差発生間隔に設定される、
請求項1から請求項3の何れか1項に記載の振動センサ。 - 前記第二基板において、前記所定相数の小電極群のそれぞれは、該小電極群ごとに前記相対移動方向と異なる方向に、且つ小電極群同士が重ならないように並べられ、
前記所定相数の小電極群の並べられた方向において隣接する該小電極群の、前記相対移動方向における電極間隔が前記位相差発生間隔に設定される、
請求項1から請求項3の何れか1項に記載の振動センサ。 - 前記エレクトレット群が前記所定相数に区分されて、小エレクトレット群が形成され、
前記第一基板において、前記小エレクトレット群のそれぞれは、該小エレクトレット群ごとに前記相対移動方向に順次並べられ、隣接する該小エレクトレット群の間のエレクトレット間隔が前記位相差発生間隔に設定される、
請求項1から請求項3の何れか1項に記載の振動センサ。 - 互いに対向した状態を保ったまま、外部振動により相対移動が可能となるように構成された第一基板および第二基板と、
前記第一基板の一方の面側に、前記相対移動方向に並べられた複数のエレクトレットからなるエレクトレット群と、
前記第二基板における前記エレクトレット群と対向する面側に、前記相対移動方向に並べられた複数の電極からなる電極群と、を備え、
外部振動による前記第一基板と前記第二基板の相対的な位置変化に伴って、前記エレクトレット群と前記電極群との位置関係が変化することによって、外部振動に応じた電気信号を出力する振動検出ユニットを、所定相数含んでなる振動センサであって、
前記所定相数の振動検出ユニットに対して同一の外部振動が付与されたとき、該所定相数の振動検出ユニットのそれぞれから出力される電気信号の間に所定の位相差が生じるように、該振動検出ユニット間で、各振動検出ユニットが有する前記エレクトレット群と前記電極群の相対位置関係において前記相対移動方向に沿った所定の位置ずれが設定され、
前記振動センサに外部振動が付与された結果、前記所定相数の振動検出ユニットのそれぞれから出力される電気信号を重ね合わせて形成した信号を、外部振動の検出信号として出力する、
振動センサ。 - 請求項1から請求項7の何れか1項に記載の振動センサを含む外部環境検出装置であって、
前記振動センサは、前記外部振動の検出信号を発電出力として発電する振動発電装置として機能し、
前記振動センサによる発電電力を蓄電する蓄電部と、
前記振動センサによって出力された前記外部振動の検出信号に関する信号処理を行う処理部と、
を備える、外部環境検出装置。 - 外部振動以外の、所定の環境パラメータを検出する環境パラメータセンサを、更に備え、
前記処理部は、前記蓄電部に蓄電された電力を利用して、前記環境パラメータセンサの駆動および/または該環境パラメータセンサによる検出信号に関する信号処理を行う、
請求項8に記載の外部環境検出装置。
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WO2016194375A1 (ja) * | 2015-06-02 | 2016-12-08 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 橋梁異常検知装置 |
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JP6677125B2 (ja) * | 2016-08-24 | 2020-04-08 | 株式会社デンソー | 半導体装置 |
CN107677198A (zh) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-09 | 深圳市柔纬联科技有限公司 | 驻极体自驱动近距离位置检测器 |
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