WO2013102331A1 - 铣刨机二级输料机折叠系统及铣刨机 - Google Patents

铣刨机二级输料机折叠系统及铣刨机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013102331A1
WO2013102331A1 PCT/CN2012/073913 CN2012073913W WO2013102331A1 WO 2013102331 A1 WO2013102331 A1 WO 2013102331A1 CN 2012073913 W CN2012073913 W CN 2012073913W WO 2013102331 A1 WO2013102331 A1 WO 2013102331A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
folding
hydraulic
cylinder
hinged
milling machine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/073913
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵明辉
汪建利
梁建军
Original Assignee
湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司
三一重工股份有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司, 三一重工股份有限公司 filed Critical 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司
Publication of WO2013102331A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013102331A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G41/00—Supporting frames or bases for conveyors as a whole, e.g. transportable conveyor frames
    • B65G41/001—Supporting frames or bases for conveyors as a whole, e.g. transportable conveyor frames with the conveyor adjustably mounted on the supporting frame or base
    • B65G41/002—Pivotably mounted

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a folding system and, more particularly, to a milling machine secondary conveyor folding system.
  • the present invention also provides a sharp planer including the above-described milling machine secondary feeder folding system.
  • the folding mechanism of the secondary feeder of the milling machine at home and abroad is mostly a folding drive control device composed of four cylinders, one of which is shown in Fig. 1.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a folding system of a secondary conveyor of a milling machine in the prior art.
  • 01 is a lower section of a secondary conveyor
  • 02 is a folding cylinder 1
  • 03 is a connecting plate
  • Folding cylinder 2
  • 05 is the locking link
  • 06 is the locking cylinder
  • 07 is the cylinder ear plate
  • 08 is the upper part of the secondary conveyor
  • 09 is the pin
  • 010 is the pin.
  • the upper section of the secondary feeder 08 is pinned together by the pin 09 and the lower section of the secondary conveyor.
  • the pin 09 can be rotated downwards around the pin 09 (the structure is fully expanded to prevent the upper section from rotating upwards).
  • the locking cylinder 06 When the upper and lower sections are to be folded, the locking cylinder 06 first pushes the locking link 05 to swing upward, and disengages the locking state of the upper and lower sections; then the folding cylinder 02 pushes the connecting plate around the 03 around the pin 010.
  • the folding cylinder 2 When the hour hand rotates, the folding cylinder 2 is also pushed to rotate clockwise on the cylinder block 07 of the upper section of the secondary conveyor 08 clockwise around the pin shaft 09, and is completed under the joint action of the folding cylinder 02 and the folding cylinder 04 and the two cylinders. Folding action.
  • the unfolding action is first performed under the joint action of the folding cylinder 02 and the folding cylinder 04 and the two cylinders, and then the locking cylinder 06 pulls the locking link 05 to swing downward, and the upper and lower sections are restored.
  • the locked state here.
  • the main problems of this kind of drive control device are as follows: The first is that the layout of the oil cylinder and related control valves and hydraulic pipelines is complicated and intertwined, and it is easy to pull with foreign objects (branches, wires, etc.) during construction, which affects system safety; The number of cylinders is large, which increases the manufacturing cost. The third is the poor synchronism of the four cylinders, which tends to cause "side collapse" at the upper end of the folding mechanism. Fourth, due to the different reliability of each cylinder, the greater the number, the overall reliability The lower, if one of the cylinders fails, it will affect the safety of the entire folding mechanism. Summary of the invention
  • the present invention provides a milling machine secondary conveyor folding system.
  • the present invention also provides a milling machine comprising the milling machine secondary conveyor blending system.
  • the milling machine secondary conveyor blending system comprises a folding execution system comprising a fixed arm mounted to the milling machine main body and a folding arm hinged to a lower portion of the front end of the fixed arm, the folding The execution system further includes a connecting plate, a pull rod and a driving cylinder symmetrically disposed about a center line of the fixed arm and the folding arm, a lower end of the connecting plate being hinged at a lower portion of the fixing arm, and an upper end of the connecting plate
  • An upper end of the pull rod is hinged, a lower end of the pull rod is hinged at an upper portion of the folding arm, a rear end of the driving cylinder is hinged at an upper portion of the fixed arm, and a front end of the driving cylinder is hinged at the connecting plate
  • the driving cylinder can drive the folding arm to be folded by the fixing arm through the connecting plate and the pull rod.
  • the number of cylinders is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the number of cylinders is reduced, the failure caused by the unsynchronized cylinders is greatly reduced, the reliability of the system is improved, and the number of cylinders is reduced. It facilitates the control of the movement, and also makes the oil passage of the hydraulic system tubular, which facilitates the arrangement of the hydraulic oil pipe, reduces the risk of foreign objects (wedges, wires, etc.) pulling each other during external construction, and improves the safety factor. And further reducing the cost.
  • the fixed arm is usually relatively long, and the cylinder is mounted at one end of the fixed arm, so that the weight of the cylinder is relative to the mounting point of the fixed arm on the milling machine.
  • the rotating power arm is long, reducing the number of cylinders, reducing the load of the fixed arm, reducing the load of the fixed arm, greatly reducing the rotational torque of the fixed arm, thereby improving the transmission of the milling machine The stability of the feeder.
  • the upper portion of the fixed arm is symmetrically fixed to the mounting bracket, and the rear end of the driving cylinder is hinged on the mounting bracket.
  • the upper portion of the fixed arm is symmetrically fixed with a mounting bracket, which can facilitate the adjustment of the mounting position of the driving cylinder, and at the same time facilitate the stability of the system by increasing the strength of the mounting bracket. .
  • the upper end of the rear end of the folding arm is fixed symmetrically to the left and right sides, and the lower end of the pull rod is hinged on the hinged ear.
  • the upper part of the folding arm is fixed symmetrically with the hinged ear, which facilitates the rod The installation also increases the force arm when the drawbar drives the folding arm, which reduces the load on the drive cylinder.
  • the lower portion of the fixing arm is fixed symmetrically with a mounting plate, and the lower end of the connecting plate is hinged on the mounting plate.
  • the lower portion of the fixed arm is fixed symmetrically with a mounting plate, which facilitates the installation of the connecting plate, and also facilitates the installation of the connecting plate by increasing the strength of the mounting plate. Stability.
  • the connecting plate has a bent quadrangular shape, and the lower end of the connecting plate is formed as a corner of the quadrilateral, and is hinged at the lower portion of the fixed arm, the connection The upper end of the plate is formed as another corner of the quadrilateral hinged to the upper end of the pull rod, the front end of the drive cylinder being hinged to the bend of the connecting plate.
  • the connecting plate has a bent quadrilateral shape, and the front end of the driving cylinder is hinged at the bending portion of the connecting plate, which can increase the strength of the connecting plate and improve the system. Stability.
  • the milling machine secondary conveyor folding system further comprises a folding hydraulic control system, and the folding hydraulic control system can control the movement of the folding execution system by controlling the driving cylinder
  • the folding hydraulic control system includes a folding hydraulic oil passage, wherein the folding hydraulic oil passage is provided with a hydraulic lock, a split flow collecting valve, and a cylinder reversing valve, one end of the folded hydraulic oil passage is connected to a hydraulic power source, and the other One end is connected to the driving cylinder, the cylinder reversing valve can reciprocate the cylinder rod of the driving cylinder, and the diverting collecting valve can make the driving speeds of the driving cylinders symmetrically disposed symmetrically,
  • the hydraulic lock interlocks the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the drive cylinder.
  • the hydraulic lock automatically locks the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the two driving cylinders, because the hydraulic lock locks the driving cylinder in reality.
  • the two drive cylinders are realized by the split collecting function of the split collecting valve. Synchronization of movement avoids the phenomenon of "side down" of the conveyor due to the failure of a single drive cylinder, ensuring the safety of the system, and controlling the movement of the two cylinders by the split flow valve to ensure the movement of the two drive cylinders. Synchronization meets system synchronization requirements.
  • the folding hydraulic control system further includes a two-way four-way a diverter valve, the diverter manifold is a pilot type adjustable valve, and the two-position four-way reversing valve can control the diverter manifold by an oil path independent of the folded hydraulic circuit.
  • the split flow collecting valve is a pilot type adjustable valve, and the two-position four-way switching valve can control the flow dividing and collecting valve through an oil path independent of the folded hydraulic oil circuit,
  • the control of the split flow manifold can be adapted to different operation requirements, and the large flow oil path is controlled by the small flow oil passage, and the control unit is simple and easy to implement.
  • the oil cylinder reversing valve, the diverter manifold, and the hydraulic lock are sequentially disposed in an oil inlet direction of the folding hydraulic oil passage, and the cylinder reversing valve is three a four-way electromagnetic reversing valve
  • the hydraulic lock comprises two, one of the two hydraulic locks is directly connected to the rod-cavity (or rod-free cavity) inlet and outlet ports of the driving cylinder provided by the left and right through a hydraulic steel pipe The other one is directly connected by the hydraulic steel pipe to the rodless cavity (or the rod cavity) inlet and outlet ports of the driving cylinder provided on the left and right sides, and the two ends of the hydraulic steel pipe are respectively connected with the hydraulic lock and the driving cylinder.
  • the hydraulic lock comprises two, one of the two hydraulic locks is directly connected to the rod-cavity (or rod-free cavity) inlet and outlet ports of the driving cylinder provided by the left and right through a hydraulic steel pipe The other one is directly connected by the hydraulic steel pipe to the rodless cavity (or the rod cavity) inlet and
  • the cylinder reversing valve, at least one of the hydraulic locks, and the diverting flow collecting valve are sequentially disposed in an oil feeding direction of the folding hydraulic oil passage, and the cylinder is reversing
  • the valve is a three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve.
  • the interlocking of the two driving cylinders is realized by only one hydraulic lock, the hydraulic components are reduced, the cost is reduced, and the cylinder reversing valve is a three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing
  • the valve can realize three working states of the folding arm, that is, a folding action, a stretching action and a stationary state, wherein the static one includes the static after stretching and the static after folding, and the three working states of the folding arm are changed only by one cylinder Controlled to the valve, the cartridge is effective and easy to implement.
  • the number of cylinders is reduced and the cost is reduced by the folding execution system, and the cylinders are greatly reduced due to the reduced number of cylinders.
  • the failure brings about the reliability of the system, and the number of cylinders is reduced, the control of the movement is facilitated, and the oil passage of the hydraulic system is also compressed, further reducing the cost, and further, the fixing
  • the arm is usually relatively long, and the cylinder is mounted at one end of the fixed arm, so that the weight of the cylinder is long relative to the pivoting arm of the fixed arm at the mounting point on the milling machine, and the number of cylinders is reduced.
  • the speed of the two cylinders is controlled by the diverting manifold to ensure the two-cylinder cylinder. Synchronization of the action satisfies the system synchronization requirement.
  • the folding hydraulic control system also directly connects the hydraulic lock and the driving cylinder through the hydraulic steel pipe, thereby shortening the length of the hydraulic hose between the two, due to the hydraulic oil itself. Compressive and too long hydraulic tubing will cause some pressure relief (this phenomenon currently exists) by directly hydraulically locking
  • the driving cylinders are connected so that the hydraulic oil flows in the two driving cylinders are equal, and the compression amount of the hydraulic oils is also consistent, which more effectively ensures the synchronization of the system.
  • the present invention also provides a milling machine comprising the milling machine secondary conveyor folding system according to any one of the above technical solutions, which has all the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned milling machine secondary feeder folding system. , No longer.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a folding machine secondary folding machine folding system in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a front view showing a folding execution system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 2 is a top plan view of an embodiment of a folding execution system shown in FIG. 2
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an intermediate state of a folding process of the embodiment of the folding execution system shown in FIG. 2;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the folded completion state of the folding execution system embodiment shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of hydraulic control in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 shows another hydraulic control schematic in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the embodiment of the folding execution system shown in FIG. 2, and
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an intermediate state of a folding process of the embodiment of the folding execution system shown in FIG. 2.
  • Figure 5 is a diagram showing the folded completion state of the embodiment of the folding execution system shown in Figure 2.
  • the front and rear are the directions in which the long sides of the fixed arm 1 are located
  • the "back” is the side of the fixed arm 1 that is connected to the main body of the milling machine, and the fixed arm 1
  • the direction in which the long sides are perpendicular is the left and right direction.
  • the milling machine secondary conveyor folding system of the present invention comprises a folding execution system, and the folding execution system comprises a fixed arm 1 mounted on a milling machine main body. And a folding arm 7 hinged to a lower portion of the front end of the fixed arm 1 , in this embodiment, a lower portion of the left and right sides of the folding arm is provided with a hinged short arm 8 extending in the left-right direction, the fixed arm 1 and the
  • the hinge point of the folding arm 7 is a first hinge point 9
  • the fixed arm 1 and the folding arm 7 are arm sections made of two trusses of a substantially rectangular shape, wherein the fixed arm 1 is mounted on the milling
  • the main body of the machine can swing up and down, and the fixed arm 1 and the folding arm 7 together form a support frame of the secondary conveyor of the milling machine, on the fixed arm 1 and the folding arm 7
  • the conveying material sets the drive components of the track and the track to form the secondary conveyor of the milling machine.
  • the folding execution system further includes a connecting plate 4, a tie rod 5, and a driving cylinder 3 symmetrically disposed about a center line of the fixed arm 1 and the folding arm 7, and a lower end of the connecting plate 4 is hinged to the fixed arm 1
  • the upper end of the connecting plate 4 is hinged with the upper end of the pull rod 5, the hinge point thereof is a third hinge point 11, and the lower end of the pull rod 5 is hinged at an upper portion of the folding arm 7, the driving cylinder 3 a rear end of the driving arm 3 is hinged at an upper portion of the fixed arm 1, and a front end of the driving cylinder 3 is hinged at an upper middle portion of the connecting plate 4, and the driving cylinder 3 is driven by the connecting plate 4 and the rod 5 Folding arm 7 and said The fixed arm 1 is folded.
  • the folding execution system should be designed such that the folding arm 7 can swing approximately 180 degrees on the fixed arm 1 by the reciprocating motion of the cylinder rod of the driving cylinder 3, and During the swinging of the entire folding arm 7, no dead point of motion may occur, which may be selected by the mounting position of the driving cylinder 3, the length and shape of the connecting plate 4, and the length of the pull rod 5.
  • the number of cylinders is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the number of cylinders is reduced, the failure caused by the unsynchronized cylinders is greatly reduced, the reliability of the system is improved, and the number of cylinders is reduced.
  • the control of the movement is facilitated, and the oil passage of the hydraulic system is also compressed, which further reduces the cost.
  • the fixed arm is usually relatively long, and the cylinder is installed at one end of the fixed arm.
  • the weight of the cylinder is made long relative to the pivoting arm of the fixed arm at the mounting point on the milling machine, reducing the number of cylinders, reducing the load on the fixed arm, and reducing the load on the fixed arm is greatly reduced.
  • the rotational moment of the fixed arm is increased, thereby improving the stability of the conveyor of the milling machine.
  • the upper portion of the fixed arm 1 is symmetrically fixed to the mounting bracket 2, and the rear end of the driving cylinder 3 is hinged to the mounting.
  • the mounting bracket 2 is a triangular type fixing bracket welded by a channel steel or a square, and the fixing frame is firmly welded to the main body of the fixed arm 1, and the mounting portion of the driving cylinder 3 is further A metal plate is welded, and the drive cylinder 3 is hinged to the metal plate of the mounting frame 2 via a pin.
  • the upper portion of the fixed arm is symmetrically fixed with a mounting bracket, which can facilitate the adjustment of the mounting position of the driving cylinder, and at the same time facilitate the stability of the system by increasing the strength of the mounting bracket. .
  • the upper end of the rear end of the folding arm 7 is symmetrically fixed to the left and right sides, and the lower end of the pull rod 5 is hinged to the hinged ear. 6 on.
  • the hinge ear 6 is disposed on the rear side of the folding arm 7.
  • the articulated ear 6 can also be arranged on the upper border of the folding arm 7.
  • the upper part of the folding arm is fixed symmetrically with the hinged ear, which facilitates the installation of the pull rod, and also increases the force arm when the pull rod drives the folding arm, thereby reducing the driving cylinder. load.
  • the lower portion of the fixed arm 1 is symmetrically fixed with a mounting plate 10, and the lower end of the connecting plate 4 is hinged at the mounting.
  • the hinge point is a second hinge point 12, which is a metal plate welded to the lower frame of the fixed arm 1 in this embodiment.
  • the lower portion of the fixed arm is fixed symmetrically with a mounting plate, which facilitates the installation of the connecting plate, and also facilitates the installation of the connecting plate by increasing the strength of the mounting plate. Stability.
  • the connecting plate 4 has a bent quadrangular shape, and the lower end of the connecting plate 4 is formed as a corner of the quadrilateral, and is hinged at the same.
  • the lower end of the fixed arm 1, the upper end of the connecting plate 4 is formed as another corner of the quadrilateral, hinged with the upper end of the pull rod 5, and the front end of the driving cylinder 3 is hinged to the
  • the bending portion of the connecting plate 4 is obvious.
  • the shape of the connecting plate 4 may also be a triangle.
  • the shape of the connecting plate 4 is mainly determined by the force, that is, the driving cylinder.
  • the connecting plate has a bent quadrangular shape, and the front end of the driving cylinder is hinged at the bent portion of the connecting plate, which can increase the strength of the connecting plate and improve the system. Stability.
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of hydraulic control in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 7 shows another hydraulic control schematic in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the milling machine secondary conveyor folding system further comprises a folding hydraulic control system, and the folding hydraulic control system realizes the pair by controlling the driving cylinder 3
  • the folding performs control of the action of the system
  • the folding hydraulic control system includes a folded hydraulic oil passage, and the folding hydraulic oil passage is provided with a hydraulic lock 13, a diverter manifold 14, and a cylinder reversing valve 15, the folding One end of the hydraulic oil circuit is connected to the hydraulic power source, and the other end is connected to the driving cylinder 3, the cylinder reversing valve 15 can reciprocate the cylinder rod of the driving cylinder 3, and the diverting collecting valve 14 can be Symmetrically set left and right
  • the driving speed of the driving cylinder 3 is the same, and the hydraulic lock 13 can interlock the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the driving cylinder 3.
  • the hydraulic lock automatically locks the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the two driving cylinders, because the hydraulic lock locks the driving cylinder in reality.
  • the two drive cylinders are realized by the split collecting function of the split collecting valve. Synchronization of movements avoids the "side down," phenomenon of the conveyor due to the failure of a single drive cylinder, which ensures the safety of the system.
  • the two-cylinder movement is controlled at a constant speed through the diverter manifold to ensure the two-cylinder cylinder. Synchronization of actions satisfies system synchronization requirements.
  • the folding hydraulic control system further includes a two-position four-way reversing valve 16
  • the diverting and collecting valve 14 is a pilot-type adjustable valve.
  • the two-way four-way reversing valve 16 controls the diverting manifold 14 through an oil passage that is independent of the folded hydraulic circuit.
  • the split flow collecting valve is a pilot type adjustable valve, and the two-position four-way switching valve can control the flow dividing and collecting valve through an oil path independent of the folded hydraulic oil circuit.
  • the control of the split flow manifold can be adapted to different operation requirements, and the large flow oil path is controlled by the small flow oil passage, and the control unit is simple and easy to implement.
  • the cylinder reversing valve 15 is sequentially disposed in an oil feeding direction of the folded hydraulic oil passage.
  • the cylinder reversing valve 15 is a three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, and the hydraulic lock 13 includes two, one of the two hydraulic locks 13 passing through a hydraulic steel pipe and the left and right driving cylinders 3
  • the rod cavity (or the rodless cavity) is directly connected to the oil inlet and outlet port, and the other port is directly connected with the rodless cavity (or the rod cavity) of the driving cylinder 3 provided by the left and right through the hydraulic steel pipe, and the two hydraulic steel pipes are connected.
  • the ends are integrally connected to the hydraulic lock 13 and the drive cylinder 3, respectively.
  • the hydraulic lock and the driving cylinder are directly connected through the hydraulic steel pipe, and the length of the hydraulic hose between the two is shortened. Since the hydraulic oil itself has compressibility and the hydraulic oil pipe is too long, some leakage will occur. Pressure phenomenon (this phenomenon is ubiquitous in the prior art), by directly connecting the hydraulic lock to the driving cylinder, the hydraulic oil flow in the two driving cylinders is equal, the compression amount of the hydraulic oil is small and consistent, and the folding mechanism is reduced.
  • the "pressure relief phenomenon” that occurs when the hydraulic oil is compressed is more effective in ensuring the synchronization of the system.
  • the oil cylinder reversing valve 15 , at least one of the hydraulic locks 13 , and the diverting flow collecting valve 14 are sequentially disposed in an oil inlet direction of the folding hydraulic oil passage, and the cylinder reversing valve 15 is a three-position four-way electromagnetic valve. Directional valve.
  • the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve can realize three working states of the folding arm, that is, a folding action, a stretching action and a stationary state, wherein the stillness includes the static after stretching and the stillness after folding, and the three of the folding arms
  • the working state is controlled by only one cylinder reversing valve, which is effective and easy to implement.
  • folding execution system and the folding hydraulic control system are combined to describe the working process and the unconventional working state of the milling machine secondary conveyor folding system.
  • the folding execution system of the secondary conveyor folding system is in a folded state, as shown in FIG.
  • the three-position four-way reversing valve in the folding hydraulic control system is in the middle position, and the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the driving cylinder 3 are locked by the hydraulic lock 13
  • the hydraulic lock locks the rod cylinder and the rodless chamber of the driving cylinder, and there is a slight oil unloading phenomenon. Therefore, the piston rod of the failed driving cylinder still has a slow movement, and the shunt current is collected.
  • the split collecting function of the valve 14 synchronizes the two driving cylinders 3, so that the split collecting and collecting valve 14 can further strengthen the state locking, and at this time, the oil pressure of the main oil passage is not unloaded, and the state is further strengthened. locking.
  • the folding execution system needs to be fully extended, i.e., the fixed arm 1 and the folding arm 7 are joined together to form a conveying track, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.
  • the three-position four-way cylinder reversing valve 15 is moved to the right position to retract the piston rod of the driving cylinder 3 due to the shunt provided.
  • the collecting valve 14 synchronizes the movements of the two driving cylinders 3, thereby preventing "side falling".
  • the "side down” refers to other faults caused by the dumper folding system of the two driving cylinders 3 caused by the movement of the two driving cylinders.
  • the three-position four-way cylinder reversing valve 15 is moved to the neutral position, and the three-position four-way cylinder reversing valve 15 and FIG. In the illustrated state, the state of the two drive cylinders 3 is locked in conjunction with the hydraulic lock 13 and the diverter manifold 14, and the main oil passage is unlocked without being relieved.
  • the three-position four-way cylinder reversing valve 15 When the operation is completed, when the folding arm 7 needs to be folded, the three-position four-way cylinder reversing valve 15 is moved to the left position, and the piston rod of the driving cylinder 3 is extended, passing through the intermediate state as shown in FIG. Thereafter, the state shown in FIG. 5 is reached, after which the three-position four-way cylinder reversing valve 15 is moved to the neutral position, and the state of the folding arm 7 is locked in conjunction with the hydraulic lock 13 and the diverting flow collecting valve 14.
  • the flow dividing valve 14 is at the neutral position.
  • the flow rate or the oil pressure allowed by the flow dividing valve 14 is controlled by an electric signal.
  • the valve position of the diverter manifold 14 can also be controlled by the two-position four-way reversing valve 16, which is an adjustable valve position when the diverter manifold 14 is in the left position, when the diverting current is When the valve 14 is in the right position, since the split manifold control of the split manifold 14 is released, the drive cylinder 3 can be quickly operated to meet the special needs of no load or maintenance.
  • the folding execution system reduces the number of cylinders and reduces the cost, and at the same time, the number of cylinders is reduced, the failure caused by the cylinder unsynchronization is greatly reduced, and the reliability of the system is improved. Moreover, the number of cylinders is reduced, the control of the movement is facilitated, and the oil passage of the hydraulic system is also compressed, which further reduces the cost.
  • the fixed arm is usually relatively long, and the cylinder is Mounted at one end of the fixed arm, the weight of the cylinder is long relative to the pivoting arm of the fixed arm at the mounting point on the milling machine, reducing the number of cylinders, reducing the load on the fixed arm, reducing the load
  • the load of the fixed arm greatly reduces the rotational moment of the fixed arm, thereby improving the stability of the conveyor of the milling machine.
  • the split flow collecting function of the diverter collecting valve makes two Synchronizing the driving cylinders avoids the “side down” of the conveyor due to the failure of a single drive cylinder, which ensures the safety of the system.
  • the speed of the two cylinders is controlled by the diverting manifold to ensure the two-cylinder cylinder. Synchronization of the action satisfies the system synchronization requirement.
  • the folding hydraulic control system also directly connects the hydraulic lock and the driving cylinder through the hydraulic steel pipe, thereby shortening the length of the hydraulic hose between the two, due to the hydraulic oil itself. Compressive and too long hydraulic tubing will cause some pressure relief (this phenomenon is currently ubiquitous in the prior art) , By directly connecting the drive hydraulic cylinder lock, so that the two drive cylinders is equal to the flow rate of the hydraulic oil, the amount of compression of the hydraulic oil is also consistent, more effectively ensure the synchronization of the system.

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Abstract

铣刨机二级输料机折叠系统，包括折叠执行系统和折叠液压控制系统，折叠执行系统包括固定臂（1）和铰接于固定臂（1）前端下部的折叠臂（7），关于固定臂（1）和折叠臂（7）中线左右对称设置有连接板（4）、拉杆(5）和驱动油缸（3），连接板（4）下端铰接在固定臂（1）的下部，上端铰接在拉杆（5）的上端，拉杆（5）的下端铰接在折叠臂（7）的上部，驱动油缸（3）的前、后端分别铰接在连接板（4）的中上部和固定臂（1）的上部；折叠液压控制系统通过液压锁（13）和分流集流阀（14）将两个油缸互锁，并实现两个油缸的速度同步。铣刨机装配有该折叠系统。该折叠系统和铣刨机整体更为可靠且能避免输料机发生侧摔。

Description

铣刨机二级输料机折叠系统及铣刨机
本申请要求于 2012 年 01 月 04 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201210001019. 9、 发明名称为 "铣刨机二级输料机折叠系统及铣刨机" 的 中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种折叠系统， 更具体而言， 涉及一种铣刨机二级输料 机折叠系统。本发明同时提供一种包括上述铣刨机二级输料机折叠系统 的锐刨机。
背景技术
目前， 国内外铣刨机二级输料机的折叠机构多为依靠四个油缸构成 的折叠驱动控制装置， 其中一种具体折叠机构如图 1所示。
图 1示出了现有技术中的一种铣刨机二级输料机折叠系统示意图， 图 1中， 01为二级输料机下段； 02为折叠油缸一； 03为连接板； 04为 折叠油缸二； 05为锁紧连杆； 06为锁紧油缸； 07为油缸耳板； 08为二 级输料机上段； 09为销轴； 010为销轴。 二级输料机上段 08通过销轴 09和二级输料机下段 01销接在一起，可绕销轴 09向下旋转（完全展开 时有结构防止上段向上旋转） 。 当要折叠上下两段时， 锁紧油缸 06先 推动锁紧连杆 05向上摆动， 脱开上下两段在此处的锁紧状态； 然后折 叠油缸一 02推动连接板绕 03绕销轴 010顺时针旋转， 同时折叠油缸二 04也推动焊接在二级输料机上段 08的油缸耳板 07绕销轴 09顺时针旋 转， 在折叠油缸一 02、 折叠油缸二 04两个油缸的共同作用下完成折叠 动作。 当要展开上下两段时， 先在折叠油缸一 02、 折叠油缸二 04两个 油缸的共同作用下完成展开动作，再让锁紧油缸 06拉动锁紧连杆 05向 下摆动， 恢复上下两段在此处的锁紧状态。
这种驱动控制装置的主要问题： 第一是油缸及相关控制阀和液压管 线的布局复杂， 相互交错， 且现场施工时易与外物（树枝、 电线等）相 互拉扯， 影响系统安全； 第二是油缸数量多， 增加了制造成本； 第三是 四个油缸的同步性差， 易造成折叠机构上端发生 "侧摔" ； 第四是由于 各个油缸的可靠性不同， 数量越多， 整体可靠性就越低， 如果其中一个 油缸失效， 就会影响整个折叠机构的动作安全。 发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题至少之一，本发明提供了一种铣刨机二级输 料机折叠系统。本发明还提供了一种包括所述铣创机二级输料机折叠系 统的铣刨机。
本发明提供的铣创机二级输料机折叠系统包括折叠执行系统，所述 折叠执行系统包括安装于铣刨机主机的固定臂和铰接于所述固定臂前 端下部的折叠臂，所述折叠执行系统还包括关于所述固定臂和所述折叠 臂的中线左右对称设置的连接板、 拉杆以及驱动油缸， 所述连接板的下 端铰接在所述固定臂的下部， 所述连接板的上端与所述拉杆的上端铰 接， 所述拉杆的下端铰接在所述折叠臂的上部， 所述驱动油缸的后端铰 接在所述固定臂的上部，所述驱动油缸的前端铰接在所述连接板的中上 部， 所述驱动油缸可通过所述连接板和所述拉杆驱动所述折叠臂与所述 固定臂相折叠。采用了上述技术方案，减少了油缸的数量， 降低了成本， 同时由于减少了油缸的数量， 大大减少了油缸不同步带来的故障， 提高 了系统的可靠性， 而且， 减少了油缸的数量， 方便了对动作的控制， 而 且也使液压系统的油路得到筒化， 方便了液压油管的布置， 降低了外部 施工时被外物（树枝、 电线等）相互拉扯的危险， 提高了安全系数， 且 进一步降低了成本， 再有， 所述固定臂通常是比较长的， 油缸又是安装 在所述固定臂悬空的一端，使油缸的重量相对于所述固定臂在铣刨机上 的安装点的转动力臂很长，减少油缸的数量，会减轻所述固定臂的负载， 减轻所述固定臂的负载就大幅度减小了所述固定臂承受的转动力矩，从 而提高了铣刨机的输料机的稳定性。
上述技术方案中， 可选地， 所述固定臂的所述上部左右对称地固定 有安装架， 所述驱动油缸的所述后端铰接在所述安装架上。 采用了上述 技术方案， 所述固定臂的所述上部左右对称地固定有安装架， 可以方便 所述驱动油缸安装位置的调整， 同时方便通过加大所述安装架的强度来 提高系统的稳定性。
上述技术方案中， 可选地， 所述折叠臂的后端上部左右对称地固定 有铰接耳， 所述拉杆的所述下端铰接在所述铰接耳上。 采用了上述技术 方案， 所述折叠臂的上部左右对称地固定有铰接耳， 方便了所述拉杆的 安装， 也增大了所述拉杆驱动所述折叠臂时的力臂， 减轻了驱动油缸的 负荷。
上述技术方案中， 可选地， 所述固定臂的所述下部左右对称地固定 有安装板， 所述连接板的所述下端铰接在所述安装板上。 采用了上述技 术方案， 所述固定臂的所述下部左右对称地固定有安装板， 可以方便所 述连接板的安装，也方便了通过加大所述安装板的强度来增强所述连接 板安装的稳定性。
上述技术方案中， 可选地， 所述连接板呈带折弯的四边形， 所述连 接板的所述下端成型为所述四边形的一角，铰接在所述固定臂的所述下 部， 所述连接板的所述上端成型为所述四边形的另一角， 与所述拉杆的 所述上端铰接，所述驱动油缸的所述前端铰接于所述连接板的所述折弯 处。 采用了上述技术方案， 所述连接板呈带折弯的四边形， 所述驱动油 缸的所述前端铰接于所述连接板的所述折弯处，可以增大所述连接板的 强度， 提高系统的稳定性。
上述技术方案中， 可选地， 铣刨机二级输料机折叠系统还包括折叠 液压控制系统，所述折叠液压控制系统可通过控制所述驱动油缸实现对 所述折叠执行系统动作的控制，所述折叠液压控制系统包括折叠液压油 路，所述折叠液压油路中设置有液压锁、分流集流阀、 以及油缸换向阀， 所述折叠液压油路的一端连接至液压动力源、另一端连接至所述驱动油 缸， 所述油缸换向阀可使所述驱动油缸的缸杆实现往复运动， 所述分流 集流阀可使左右对称设置的所述驱动油缸的动作速度一致，所述液压锁 可使所述驱动油缸的有杆腔和无杆腔互锁。 采用了上述技术方案， 当所 述折叠执行系统的某个驱动油缸失效时， 液压锁会自动将两个驱动油缸 的有杆腔和无杆腔锁死， 因为现实中液压锁锁住驱动油缸的有杆腔和无 杆腔后也会有轻微卸油现象，所以所述失效的驱动油缸的活塞杆还是会 有緩慢的移动，这时通过分流集流阀的分流集流功能使两个驱动油缸动 作同步， 就避免了因单个驱动油缸失效而发生输料机 "侧摔" 现象， 保 证了系统的安全， 同时通过分流集流阀对两个油缸的运动进行等速控 制， 保证两驱动油缸动作的同步性， 满足了系统同步性要求。
上述技术方案中， 可选地， 所述折叠液压控制系统还包括两位四通 换向阀， 所述分流集流阀为先导型可调阀， 所述两位四通换向阀可通过 独立于所述折叠液压油路的油路控制所述分流集流阀。采用了上述技术 方案， 所述分流集流阀为先导型可调阀， 所述两位四通换向阀可通过独 立于所述折叠液压油路的油路控制所述分流集流阀，就可以通过对所述 分流集流阀的控制适应不同的作业需求， 而且是通过小流量油路控制大 流量油路， 控制筒单且容易实现。
上述技术方案中， 可选地， 所述折叠液压油路的进油方向上依次设 置有所述油缸换向阀、 所述分流集流阀、 所述液压锁， 所述油缸换向阀 为三位四通电磁换向阀， 所述液压锁包括两个， 两个所述液压锁其中一 口通过液压钢管与左右设置的所述驱动油缸的有杆腔（或者无杆腔）进 出油口直接相连， 另外一口通过液压钢管与左右设置的所述驱动油缸的 无杆腔（或者有杆腔）进出油口直接连接， 所述液压钢管的两端分别与 所述液压锁和所述驱动油缸连接成一体。 采用了上述技术方案， 将液压 锁与驱动油缸通过液压钢管直接相连， 减短了两者之间的液压胶管长 度， 由于液压油本身具有可压缩性以及过长的液压油管， 将导致出现一 些 "泄压现象" （该现象主要是指在折叠机构伸直或完全折叠一段时间 后， 折叠机构出现慢慢回缩等动作） ， 通过直接将液压锁与驱动油缸相 连， 使得两驱动油缸中的液压油流量相等， 所述液压油的压缩量少且一 致， 减少折叠机构因液压油压缩而出现的 "泄压现象" ， 更有效地保证 了系统的同步性。
上述技术方案中， 可选地， 在所述折叠液压油路的进油方向上依次 设置有所述油缸换向阀、 至少一个所述液压锁、 所述分流集流阀， 所述 油缸换向阀为三位四通电磁换向阀。 采用了上述技术方案， 只用一个液 压锁就实现了对两个所述驱动油缸的互锁， 减少了液压元件， 降低了成 本， 而且， 所述油缸换向阀为三位四通电磁换向阀， 可以实现折叠臂的 三个工作状态， 即折叠动作、 伸展动作以及静止， 其中， 静止又包括伸 展后的静止和折叠后的静止，所述折叠臂的三个工作状态仅通过一个油 缸换向阀控制， 筒单有效， 易于实现。
综上所述， 根据本发明， 通过所述折叠执行系统， 减少了油缸的数 量， 降低了成本， 同时由于减少了油缸的数量， 大大减少了油缸不同步 带来的故障， 提高了系统的可靠性， 而且， 减少了油缸的数量， 方便了 对动作的控制，而且也使液压系统的油路得到筒化，进一步降低了成本， 再有， 所述固定臂通常是比较长的， 油缸又是安装在所述固定臂悬空的 一端，使油缸的重量相对于所述固定臂在铣刨机上的安装点的转动力臂 很长， 减少油缸的数量， 会减轻所述固定臂的负载， 减轻所述固定臂的 负载就大幅度减小了所述固定臂承受的转动力矩，从而提高了铣刨机的 输料机的稳定性。 通过所述折叠液压控制系统， 当所述折叠执行系统的 某个驱动油缸失效时， 液压锁会自动将两个驱动油缸的有杆腔和无杆腔 锁死， 因为现实中液压锁锁住驱动油缸的有杆腔和无杆腔后也会有轻微 卸油现象， 所以所述失效的驱动油缸的活塞杆还是会有緩慢的移动， 这 时通过分流集流阀的分流集流功能使两个驱动油缸动作同步，就避免了 因单个驱动油缸失效而发生输料机 "侧摔，， 现象， 保证了系统的安全， 同时通过分流集流阀对两个油缸的速度进行控制，保证两驱动油缸动作 的同步性， 满足了系统同步性要求， 另外， 所述折叠液压控制系统中还 将液压锁与驱动油缸通过液压钢管直接相连，减短了两者之间的液压胶 管长度， 由于液压油本身具有可压缩性以及过长的液压油管， 将导致出 现一些泄压现象（该现象目前存在） ， 通过直接将液压锁与驱动油缸相 连，使得两驱动油缸中的液压油流量相等，所述液压油的压缩量也一致， 更有效地保证了系统的同步性。
同时，本发明还提供了一种包括上述技术方案中任一所述的铣刨机 二级输料机折叠系统的铣创机，具有上述铣创机二级输料机折叠系统的 全部有益效果， 不再赘述。
附图说明
图 1示出了现有技术中的一种铣刨机二级输料机折叠系统示意图； 图 2示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的折叠执行系统主视示意图； 图 3示出了图 2中所示折叠执行系统实施例的俯视示意图； 图 4示出了图 2中所示折叠执行系统实施例的一个折叠过程中间状 态的示意图；
图 5 示出了图 2 中所示折叠执行系统实施例折叠完成状态的示意 图； 图 6示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的液压控制原理图；
图 7示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的另一液压控制原理图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图说明根据本发明的具体实施方式。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明， 但 是， 本发明还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施， 因此， 图 3示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的折叠执行系统主视示意图， 图 3示出了图 2中所示折叠执行系统实施例的俯视示意图， 图 4示出了 图 2中所示折叠执行系统实施例的一个折叠过程中间状态的示意图， 图 5示出了图 2中所示折叠执行系统实施例折叠完成状态的示意图。
如图 3所示， 所述的前后为所述固定臂 1长边所在的方向， 所述的 "后" 为所述固定臂 1连接所述铣刨机主机的一方， 与所述固定臂 1的 长边相垂直的方向为所述的左右方向。
如图 2、 图 3、 图 4和图 5所示， 本发明提供的铣刨机二级输料机 折叠系统包括折叠执行系统，所述折叠执行系统包括安装于铣刨机主机 的固定臂 1和铰接于所述固定臂 1前端下部的折叠臂 7 , 本实施例中， 所述折叠臂左右两侧的下部设置有向左右方向伸出的铰接短臂 8 , 所述 固定臂 1与所述折叠臂 7的铰接点为第一铰接点 9 , 所述固定臂 1与所 述折叠臂 7为大致呈矩形的两个桁架作成的臂节， 其中， 所述固定臂 1 安装在所述铣刨机的主机上并可以上下摆动，所述固定臂 1与所述折叠 臂 7—起组成铣刨机的二级输料机的支撑架，在所述固定臂 1与所述折 叠臂 7上为了输送物料会设置履带和履带的驱动部件，就构成了所述铣 刨机的二级输料机。所述折叠执行系统还包括关于所述固定臂 1和所述 折叠臂 7的中线左右对称设置的连接板 4、 拉杆 5以及驱动油缸 3 , 所 述连接板 4的下端铰接在所述固定臂 1的下部，所述连接板 4的上端与 所述拉杆 5的上端铰接，其铰接点为第三铰接点 11 ,所述拉杆 5的下端 铰接在所述折叠臂 7的上部， 所述驱动油缸 3的后端铰接在所述固定臂 1的上部， 所述驱动油缸 3的前端铰接在所述连接板 4的中上部， 所述 驱动油缸 3可通过所述连接板 4和所述拉杆 5驱动所述折叠臂 7与所述 固定臂 1相折叠。 根据本发明的目的， 所述的折叠执行系统应当设计为 可以通过所述驱动油缸 3的缸杆的往复运动实现所述折叠臂 7在所述固 定臂 1上作接近 180度的摆动，而且在整个所述折叠臂 7的摆动过程中， 不可以出现运动的死点， 这可以通过所述驱动油缸 3的安装位置选取、 所述连接板 4的长度和形状的选取、所述拉杆 5长度的选取以及各铰接 点位置的选取来实现， 当所述折叠臂 7整个摆动过程中所述驱动油缸 3 的前后铰接点与所述连接板 4的固定铰接点不会在一条直线上， 而且所 述拉杆 5 的上下铰接点与所述折叠臂 7 的固定铰接点不会在一条直线 上， 就可以保证整个动作过程中不会出现死点， 在这个原理的基础上， 通过少量的试验或常规的计算就可以得出适合的各构件尺寸及其安装 位置的组合。 采用了上述技术方案， 减少了油缸的数量， 降低了成本， 同时由于减少了油缸的数量， 大大减少了油缸不同步带来的故障， 提高 了系统的可靠性， 而且， 减少了油缸的数量， 方便了对动作的控制， 而 且也使液压系统的油路得到筒化， 进一步降低了成本， 再有， 所述固定 臂通常是比较长的， 油缸又是安装在所述固定臂悬空的一端， 使油缸的 重量相对于所述固定臂在铣刨机上的安装点的转动力臂很长，减少油缸 的数量， 会减轻所述固定臂的负载， 减轻所述固定臂的负载就大幅度减 小了所述固定臂承受的转动力矩， 从而提高了铣刨机的输料机的稳定 性。
如图 2和图 3所示上述技术方案中， 可选地， 所述固定臂 1的所述 上部左右对称地固定有安装架 2 , 所述驱动油缸 3的所述后端铰接在所 述安装架 2上。 本实施例中， 所述安装架 2为由槽钢或方刚焊接成的三 角型固定架， 所述固定架牢固的焊接在所述固定臂 1的主体上， 在所述 驱动油缸 3安装处还焊接有金属板，所述驱动油缸 3通过销轴铰接在安 装架 2的金属板上。 采用了上述技术方案， 所述固定臂的所述上部左右 对称地固定有安装架， 可以方便所述驱动油缸安装位置的调整， 同时方 便通过加大所述安装架的强度来提高系统的稳定性。
如图 2和图 3所示， 上述技术方案中， 可选地， 所述折叠臂 7的后 端上部左右对称地固定有铰接耳 6 , 所述拉杆 5的所述下端铰接在所述 铰接耳 6上。 本实施例中， 所述铰接耳 6是设置在所述折叠臂 7的后侧 面的上部， 显而易见地， 所述铰接耳 6也可以设置在所述折叠臂 7的上 边框上。 采用了上述技术方案， 所述折叠臂的上部左右对称地固定有铰 接耳， 方便了所述拉杆的安装， 也增大了所述拉杆驱动所述折叠臂时的 力臂， 减轻了驱动油缸的负荷。
如图 2和图 3所示， 上述技术方案中， 可选地， 所述固定臂 1的所 述下部左右对称地固定有安装板 10,所述连接板 4的所述下端铰接在所 述安装板 10上， 其铰接点为第二铰接点 12 , 本实施例中所述安装板 10 是焊接在所述固定臂 1的下边框的金属板。 采用了上述技术方案， 所述 固定臂的所述下部左右对称地固定有安装板，可以方便所述连接板的安 装，也方便了通过加大所述安装板的强度来增强所述连接板安装的稳定 性。
如图 2和图 3所示， 上述技术方案中， 可选地， 所述连接板 4呈带 折弯的四边形， 所述连接板 4的所述下端成型为所述四边形的一角， 铰 接在所述固定臂 1的所述下部，所述连接板 4的所述上端成型为所述四 边形的另一角， 与所述拉杆 5的所述上端铰接， 所述驱动油缸 3的所述 前端铰接于所述连接板 4的所述折弯处， 显而易见的， 所述连接板 4的 形状也可以是三角形， 所述连接板 4的形状主要是由受力情况决定的， 也就是说，所述驱动油缸 3与所述连接板 4铰接的地方的板宽度要足够 大， 所述上下铰接处的尺寸也要足够大。 采用了上述技术方案， 所述连 接板呈带折弯的四边形，所述驱动油缸的所述前端铰接于所述连接板的 所述折弯处， 可以增大所述连接板的强度， 提高系统的稳定性。
图 6示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的液压控制原理图， 图 7示出 了根据本发明的一个实施例的另一液压控制原理图。
如图 6和图 7所示， 上述技术方案中， 可选地， 铣刨机二级输料机 折叠系统还包括折叠液压控制系统，所述折叠液压控制系统通过控制所 述驱动油缸 3实现对所述折叠执行系统动作的控制，所述折叠液压控制 系统包括折叠液压油路，所述折叠液压油路中设置有液压锁 13、分流集 流阀 14、 以及油缸换向阀 15 , 所述折叠液压油路的一端连接至液压动 力源、另一端连接至所述驱动油缸 3 ,所述油缸换向阀 15可使所述驱动 油缸 3的缸杆实现往复运动， 所述分流集流阀 14可使左右对称设置的 所述驱动油缸 3的动作速度一致， 所述液压锁 13可使所述驱动油缸 3 的有杆腔和无杆腔互锁。 采用了上述技术方案， 当所述折叠执行系统的 某个驱动油缸失效时， 液压锁会自动将两个驱动油缸的有杆腔和无杆腔 锁死， 因为现实中液压锁锁住驱动油缸的有杆腔和无杆腔后也会有轻微 卸油现象， 所以所述失效的驱动油缸的活塞杆还是会有緩慢的移动， 这 时通过分流集流阀的分流集流功能使两个驱动油缸动作同步，就避免了 因单个驱动油缸失效而发生输料机 "侧摔，， 现象， 保证了系统的安全， 同时通过分流集流阀对两个油缸的运动进行等速控制，保证两驱动油缸 动作的同步性， 满足了系统同步性要求。
如图 6和图 7所示， 上述技术方案中， 可选地， 所述折叠液压控制 系统还包括两位四通换向阀 16, 所述分流集流阀 14为先导型可调阀， 所述两位四通换向阀 16通过独立于所述折叠液压油路的油路控制所述 分流集流阀 14。采用了上述技术方案，所述分流集流阀为先导型可调阀， 所述两位四通换向阀可通过独立于所述折叠液压油路的油路控制所述 分流集流阀， 就可以通过对所述分流集流阀的控制适应不同的作业需 求， 而且是通过小流量油路控制大流量油路， 控制筒单且容易实现。
如图 6所示， 上述技术方案中， 可选地， 所述折叠液压油路的进油 方向上依次设置有所述油缸换向阀 15、 所述分流集流阀 14、 所述液压 锁 13 ,所述油缸换向阀 15为三位四通电磁换向阀，所述液压锁 13包括 两个， 两个所述液压锁 13其中一口通过液压钢管与左右设置的所述驱 动油缸 3的有杆腔（或者无杆腔）进出油口直接相连， 另外一口通过液 压钢管与左右设置的所述驱动油缸 3的无杆腔（或者有杆腔）进出油口 直接连接，所述液压钢管的两端分别与所述液压锁 13和所述驱动油缸 3 连接成一体。 采用了上述技术方案， 将液压锁与驱动油缸通过液压钢管 直接相连， 减短了两者之间的液压胶管长度， 由于液压油本身具有可压 缩性以及过长的液压油管， 将导致出现一些泄压现象（该现象目前现有 技术中普遍存在） ， 通过直接将液压锁与驱动油缸相连， 使得两驱动油 缸中的液压油流量相等， 所述液压油的压缩量少且一致， 减少折叠机构 因液压油压缩而出现的 "泄压现象" ， 更有效地保证了系统的同步性。
如图 7所示， 上述技术方案中， 可选地， 作为一个替代方案， 在所 述折叠液压油路的进油方向上依次设置有所述油缸换向阀 15、至少一个 所述液压锁 13、 所述分流集流阀 14, 所述油缸换向阀 15为三位四通电 磁换向阀。 采用了上述技术方案， 只用一个液压锁就实现了对两个所述 驱动油缸的有杆腔和无杆腔的互锁， 减少了液压元件， 降低了成本， 而 且， 所述油缸换向阀为三位四通电磁换向阀， 可以实现折叠臂的三个工 作状态， 即折叠动作、 伸展动作以及静止， 其中， 静止又包括伸展后的 静止和折叠后的静止，所述折叠臂的三个工作状态仅通过一个油缸换向 阀控制， 筒单有效， 易于实现。
下面结合所述折叠执行系统与所述折叠液压控制系统来筒要说明 所述铣刨机二级输料机折叠系统的工作过程及非常规的工作状态。
铣刨机不作业时，所述二级输料机折叠系统的折叠执行系统处于折 叠状态， 如图 5所示。 此时， 如图 6和图 7所示， 所述折叠液压控制系 统中的三位四通换向阀处于中位，所述驱动油缸 3的有杆腔和无杆腔由 液压锁 13锁定状态， 因为现实中液压锁锁住驱动油缸的有杆腔和无杆 腔后也会有轻微卸油现象，所以所述失效的驱动油缸的活塞杆还是会有 緩慢的移动，这时通过分流集流阀 14的分流集流功能使两个驱动油缸 3 动作同步， 因而设置分流集流阀 14可以进一步加强状态的锁定， 而且， 此时主油路的油压不卸荷， 再进一步加强了状态的锁定。
需要作业时， 所述折叠执行系统需要完全伸展开， 即所述固定臂 1 与所述折叠臂 7拼接成一个输送轨道， 如图 2和图 3所示。 所述折叠臂 7从图 5所述状态展开的过程中，首先所述三位四通油缸换向阀 15移至 右位， 使所述驱动油缸 3活塞杆回缩， 由于设置有所述分流集流阀 14, 会使两个驱动油缸 3动作同步， 则可以防止 "侧摔" 。 所述 "侧摔" 是 指两驱动油缸 3动作不同步引发的输料机折叠系统向侧面倾倒或带来的 其他故障。 当所述折叠臂 7完全展开， 如图 2和图 3所示， 此时所述三 位四通油缸换向阀 15移至中位，所述三位四通油缸换向阀 15与图 5所 示状态时同样的结合所述液压锁 13和分流集流阀 14对所述两个驱动油 缸 3的状态进行锁定， 并且主油路不卸荷加强状态锁定。
作业完成， 需要折叠所述折叠臂 7时，所述三位四通油缸换向阀 15 移至左位， 所述驱动油缸 3的活塞杆伸出， 经过如图 4所示的中间状态 后达到如图 5所示的状态，之后所述三位四通油缸换向阀 15移至中位， 结合所述液压锁 13和所述分流集流阀 14锁定所述折叠臂 7的状态。
整个控制过程中， 所述分流集流阀 14处于中位， 本实施例中由电 信号控制所述分流集流阀 14允许通过的流量大小或油压大小。 还可以 通过所述两位四通换向阀 16控制所述分流集流阀 14的阀位， 当所述分 流集流阀 14处于左位时， 为可调阀位， 当所述分流集流阀 14处于右位 时， 由于解除了分流集流阀 14的分流集流控制，可以使所述驱动油缸 3 快速动作， 满足无负载或维修等特殊情况的需要。
综上所述， 根据本发明， 通过所述折叠执行系统， 减少了油缸的数 量， 降低了成本， 同时由于减少了油缸的数量， 大大减少了油缸不同步 带来的故障， 提高了系统的可靠性， 而且， 减少了油缸的数量， 方便了 对动作的控制，而且也使液压系统的油路得到筒化，进一步降低了成本， 再有， 所述固定臂通常是比较长的， 油缸又是安装在所述固定臂悬空的 一端，使油缸的重量相对于所述固定臂在铣刨机上的安装点的转动力臂 很长， 减少油缸的数量， 会减轻所述固定臂的负载， 减轻所述固定臂的 负载就大幅度减小了所述固定臂承受的转动力矩，从而提高了铣刨机的 输料机的稳定性。 通过所述折叠液压控制系统， 当所述折叠执行系统的 某个驱动油缸失效时， 液压锁会自动将两个驱动油缸的有杆腔和无杆腔 锁死， 因为现实中液压锁锁住驱动油缸的有杆腔和无杆腔后也会有轻微 卸油现象， 所以所述失效的驱动油缸的活塞杆还是会有緩慢的移动， 这 时通过分流集流阀的分流集流功能使两个驱动油缸动作同步，就避免了 因单个驱动油缸失效而发生输料机 "侧摔，， 现象， 保证了系统的安全， 同时通过分流集流阀对两个油缸的速度进行控制，保证两驱动油缸动作 的同步性， 满足了系统同步性要求， 另外， 所述折叠液压控制系统中还 将液压锁与驱动油缸通过液压钢管直接相连，减短了两者之间的液压胶 管长度， 由于液压油本身具有可压缩性以及过长的液压油管， 将导致出 现一些泄压现象（该现象目前在现有技术中普遍存在） ， 通过直接将液 压锁与驱动油缸相连， 使得两驱动油缸中的液压油流量相等， 所述液压 油的压缩量也一致， 更有效地保证了系统的同步性。
将本发明所述的铣刨机二级输料机折叠系统应用与铣刨机，就得到 了本发明所述的铣刨机的实施例。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已， 并不用于限制本发明， 对 于本领域的技术人员来说， 本发明可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本发明 的精神和原则之内， 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等， 均应包含在 本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种铣刨机二级输料机折叠系统， 其特征在于： 包括折叠执 行系统， 所述折叠执行系统包括安装于铣刨机主机的固定臂 （ 1) 和铰接于所述固定臂（ 1)前端下部的折叠臂（7) ， 所述折叠执行 系统还包括关于所述固定臂（ 1)和所述折叠臂（7) 的中线左右对 称设置的连接板（4) 、 拉杆 （5) 以及驱动油缸 （3) ， 所述连接 板（4) 的下端铰接在所述固定臂 （ 1) 的下部， 所述连接板（4) 的上端与所述拉杆（5) 的上端铰接， 所述拉杆（5) 的下端铰接在 所述折叠臂（7) 的上部， 所述驱动油缸（3) 的后端铰接在所述固 定臂（ 1 )的上部， 所述驱动油缸（ 3 )的前端铰接在所述连接板（ 4 ) 的中上部， 所述驱动油缸（3)可通过所述连接板（4)和所述拉杆 (5) 驱动所述折叠臂 （7) 与所述固定臂 （ 1)相折叠。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的铣刨机二级输料机折叠系统， 其特征 在于： 所述固定臂（ 1 )的所述上部左右对称地固定有安装架（2)， 所述驱动油缸 （3) 的所述后端铰接在所述安装架 （2) 上。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的铣刨机二级输料机折叠系统， 其特征 在于： 所述折叠臂（7)的后端上部左右对称地固定有铰接耳（6)， 所述拉杆 （5) 的所述下端铰接在所述铰接耳 （6) 上。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的铣刨机二级输料机折叠系统， 其特征 在于： 所述固定臂（ 1)的所述下部左右对称地固定有安装板（ 10)， 所述连接板（4) 的所述下端铰接在所述安装板（ 10) 上。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的铣刨机二级输料机折叠系统， 其特征 在于： 所述连接板（4)呈带折弯的四边形， 所述连接板（4) 的所 述下端成型为所述四边形的一角， 铰接在所述固定臂 （ 1) 的所述 下部， 所述连接板 （4) 的所述上端成型为所述四边形的另一角， 与所述拉杆（5) 的所述上端铰接， 所述驱动油缸（3) 的所述前端 铰接于所述连接板（4) 的所述折弯处。
6.根据权利要求 1至 5中任一所述的铣刨机二级输料机折叠系 统， 其特征在于： 还包括折叠液压控制系统， 所述折叠液压控制系 统可通过控制所述驱动油缸 （3) 实现对所述折叠执行系统动作的 控制， 所述折叠液压控制系统包括折叠液压油路， 所述折叠液压油 路中设置有液压锁（ 13)、分流集流阀（ 14)、以及油缸换向阀（ 15)， 所述折叠液压油路的一端连接至液压动力源、 另一端连接至所述驱 动油缸（3) ， 所述油缸换向阀 （ 15)可使所述驱动油缸（3) 的缸 杆实现往复运动， 所述分流集流阀 （ 14)可使左右对称设置的所述 驱动油缸 （3) 的动作速度一致， 所述液压锁 （ 13) 可使所述驱动 油缸 （3) 的有杆腔和无杆腔互锁。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的铣刨机二级输料机折叠系统， 其特征 在于： 所述折叠液压控制系统还包括两位四通换向阀 （ 16) ， 所述 分流集流阀 （ 14) 为先导型可调阀， 所述两位四通换向阀 （ 16)可 通过独立于所述折叠液压油路的油路控制所述分流集流阀 （ 14) 。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的铣刨机二级输料机折叠系统， 其特征 在于： 所述折叠液压油路的进油方向上依次设置有所述油缸换向阀
( 15) 、 所述分流集流阀 （ 14) 、 所述液压锁 （ 13) ， 所述油缸换 向阀 （ 15) 为三位四通电磁换向阀， 所述液压锁 （ 13) 包括两个， 两个所述液压锁（ 13)其中一口通过液压钢管与左右设置的所述驱 动油缸 （3) 的有杆腔 （或者无杆腔） 进出油口直接相连， 另外一 口通过液压钢管与左右设置的所述驱动油缸 （3) 的无杆腔 （或者 有杆腔）进出油口直接连接， 所述液压钢管的两端分别与所述液压 锁 （ 13 ) 和所述驱动油缸 （ 3 ) 连接成一体。
9. 根据权利要求 7所述的铣刨机二级输料机折叠系统， 其特征 在于： 在所述折叠液压油路的进油方向上依次设置有所述油缸换向 阀 （ 15) 、 至少一个所述液压锁 （ 13) 、 所述分流集流阀 （ 14) ， 所述油缸换向阀 （ 15 ) 为三位四通电磁换向阀。
10. 一种铣刨机， 其特征在于： 包括权利要求 1至 9中任一所 述的铣刨机二级输料机折叠系统。
PCT/CN2012/073913 2012-01-04 2012-04-12 铣刨机二级输料机折叠系统及铣刨机 WO2013102331A1 (zh)

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