WO2013088609A1 - 選別装置、選別方法 - Google Patents
選別装置、選別方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013088609A1 WO2013088609A1 PCT/JP2012/005781 JP2012005781W WO2013088609A1 WO 2013088609 A1 WO2013088609 A1 WO 2013088609A1 JP 2012005781 W JP2012005781 W JP 2012005781W WO 2013088609 A1 WO2013088609 A1 WO 2013088609A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- conveyor
- small piece
- sorting
- air flow
- small
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
- B07C5/367—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a plurality of separation means
- B07C5/368—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a plurality of separation means actuated independently
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C2501/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material to be sorted
- B07C2501/0018—Sorting the articles during free fall
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sorting technique for sorting small pieces made of a specific material type from a small piece group that is a sorting target in which a plurality of small pieces are collected, and in particular, a specific resin from a sorting target obtained by crushing used home appliances and the like.
- the present invention relates to a sorting technique for sorting seed pieces.
- PP polypropylene
- ABS acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
- Patent Document 1 proposes a sorting method that takes into account the above-mentioned problems related to the recycling of resin materials.
- Patent Document 1 identifies the material to be sorted flowing on the conveyor, identifies the material type for each small piece with an identification device, and discharges the identified specific material type resin from the conveyor end of the conveyor. This is a technique for separating from the flight path to be selected. In the separation method, air is discharged from nozzles arranged above or below the flight path in a pulsed manner, and only small pieces of a specific material type are blown away to separate from the selection target.
- FIG. 8 show an embodiment of a conventional sorting method for sorting objects.
- 7a to 7c are side views of a process of selecting the small pieces 2A of a desired specific material type from the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D conveyed by the conveyor 1, and
- FIG. 8 is a plan view.
- FIG. 7a shows small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D as sorting objects conveyed by the conveyor 1, and the small piece 2A is a desired specific material type.
- the device indicated by reference numeral 3 in the figure is an identification device.
- a portion indicated by reference numeral 4 in the drawing is a conveyance end of the conveyor 1 from which the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D are discharged.
- the member indicated by reference numeral 5 in the figure is provided in the width direction of the conveyor 1 in order to separate the small pieces 2A of a specific material type from the flight paths of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D discharged from the conveying end 4. It is a nozzle group.
- the member indicated by reference numeral 8 in the drawing is a sorting plate for separating the small pieces 2A of the specific material type separated from the flight paths of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D.
- 7a is a side view
- FIG. 8 is a plan view of the same scene as FIG. 7a.
- the selection objects 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D pass under the identification device 3, and the material type and shape are identified.
- the small pieces 2 ⁇ / b> A, 2 ⁇ / b> B, 2 ⁇ / b> C, 2 ⁇ / b> D identified by the identification device 3 are discharged from the transport end 4 of the conveyor 1. Further, when the small piece 2A, which is a desired specific material type, passes under the nozzle group 5, pulse air is discharged only from the nozzle corresponding to the desired piece, and from the flight path of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, the desired piece The small piece 2A which is a specific material type is blown off and selected. Further, representative flight paths of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D discharged from the conveying end 4 of the conveyor 1 are indicated by solid lines, dotted lines, and one-dot broken lines.
- FIGS. 9a to 9c show an embodiment of a sorting method in which small pieces of two or more kinds of specific material types are simultaneously sorted by a single sorting process.
- the figure shows a process of selecting small pieces 2A and 2B of a desired specific material type from the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D, which are objects to be sorted conveyed by the conveyor 1.
- FIG. 9a shows small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D to be sorted that are conveyed by the conveyor 1, and the small pieces 2A and the small pieces 2B are small pieces of a desired specific material type.
- the conveying end 4 of the conveyor 1 from which the identification device 3 and the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D to be sorted are discharged is the same as described above.
- the symbols 5A and 5B in the figure are provided in the width direction of the conveyor 1 in order to separate the small pieces 2A and 2B of a specific material type from the flight paths of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D discharged from the conveying end 4.
- Reference numerals 8A and 8B in the figure are sorting plates for sorting the small pieces 2A and 2B of a specific material type separated from the flight paths of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D to be sorted.
- FIG. 9b shows a state in which the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D to be selected pass under the identification device 3 and the material type and shape are identified.
- FIG. 9c shows a state where the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D that are the objects of selection identified by the identification device 3 are discharged from the transport end 4 of the conveyor 1. Further, when the small pieces 2A and 2B of a desired specific material type pass under the nozzle groups 5A and 5B, air is discharged in a pulsed manner, and the flight paths of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D to be selected Thus, the small pieces 2A and 2B of a desired specific material type are ejected.
- the typical flight paths of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D that are the objects of selection discharged from the conveying end 4 of the conveyor 1 are shown by practice, dotted lines, and one-dot broken lines.
- the flight paths of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D that are the objects of selection discharged from the conveying end 4 of the conveyor 1 are varied due to the difference in shape and specific gravity. Further, the variation increases as the distance from the conveying end 4 of the conveyor 1 increases.
- a material type having a small apparent specific gravity such as urethane foam has a high drag force, so that the flight path becomes as indicated by a one-dot broken line in FIG.
- a sheet-like resin material having a small thickness and a large area may be lifted by lift, and the flight path may be a trajectory as shown by a dotted line in FIG. 9c. For this reason, the accuracy of sorting at a distance away from the conveying end 4 of the conveyor 1 is reduced due to variations in the flight path.
- the present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and a main object of the present invention is to provide a selection method of a selection target with high selection efficiency and high selection accuracy.
- a method for sorting small pieces that are sorting objects wherein the small pieces that are sorting objects conveyed by a conveyor are individually identified on the conveyor, From at least two or more nozzle groups independently arranged along the flight path of the small pieces to be sorted discharged from the conveying end of the conveyor, the identified small pieces of the specific material types are pulsed.
- a method for sorting small pieces as a sorting target according to the first aspect wherein the wind speed of the air flow at the conveying end of the conveyor is 1/2 to 3 times the conveyor speed.
- a method for sorting small pieces as a sorting target according to the first or second aspect wherein the width of the air flow in the height direction is larger than the height of the small pieces as the sorting target conveyed by the conveyor. It is characterized by that.
- a method for selecting a small piece as a selection target according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the end of the plate provided along the flight path of the small piece as the selection target is a head pulley.
- the distance from the center of the head pulley is 80% or more of the radius of the head pulley. It is characterized by being.
- the small pieces to be sorted that are conveyed by the conveyor are individually identified on the conveyor, and the identified small pieces of at least two or more specific material types are discharged from the conveying end of the conveyor. Identify at least two or more types from the flight path of the small pieces to be selected by discharging air in pulses from at least two or more nozzle groups independently arranged along the flight path of the small pieces to be selected.
- an air flow is made to flow along the conveying surface along the conveying surface in the same direction as the conveying direction of the conveyor, and A plate material is provided along the flight path of a small piece, the starting edge of the plate material is along the conveyor surface, and the upper surface of the plate material is below the flight route of the small piece that is the selection target.
- FIG. 1a is a side view showing the sorting device.
- FIG. 1b is a side view showing the sorting device.
- FIG. 1c is a side view showing the sorting device.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the sorting device.
- FIG. 3a is a side view showing the sorting device.
- FIG. 3b is a side view showing the air flow distribution around the sorting device and the conveying end of the conveyor.
- FIG. 3c is a side view showing the air flow distribution around the sorting device and the conveying end of the conveyor.
- FIG. 4 is a relationship diagram showing the variation in the flight speed of the air flow and the flight path of the small pieces to be selected.
- FIG. 5 is a relational diagram showing the variation in the flight speed of the airflow at the conveyor speed different from that in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the terminal position of the current plate and the wraparound of the air flow.
- FIG. 7a is a side view showing a conventional sorting apparatus.
- FIG. 7b is a side view showing a conventional sorting apparatus.
- FIG. 7c is a side view showing a conventional sorting apparatus.
- FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a conventional sorting apparatus.
- FIG. 9a is a side view showing a conventional sorting apparatus.
- FIG. 9b is a side view showing a conventional sorting apparatus.
- FIG. 9c is a side view showing a conventional sorting apparatus.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the recovery yield of PP and ABS in the embodiment of the present invention and the conventional example.
- 1a to 1c are side views showing the sorting device.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the sorting device.
- the sorting apparatus 10 is configured from a small piece group 2 that is a sorting target including a plurality of first small pieces 2A made of the first material type and a plurality of second small pieces 2B made of the second material type.
- a sorting device that sorts the first small piece 2A and the second small piece 2B, and includes a conveyor 1, an identification device 3, a blower, a first sorting unit, a second sorting unit, and a current plate 7. ing.
- the sorting device 10 further includes a first sorting plate 8A and a second sorting plate 8B.
- the conveyor 1 is a device that mounts the small pieces 2A to 2D constituting the small piece group 2 and conveys them in one direction (X-axis positive direction in the figure).
- a belt conveyor is adopted as the conveyor 1.
- the conveyor 1 includes a transport end 4 as a final position where the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D to be sorted are transported, and the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D that have passed through the transport end 4 are in space. Will be released.
- the identification device 3 identifies a material type of the first small piece 2A, a material type of the second small piece 2B, and another material type, and acquires position information of the identified first small piece 2A and the second small piece 2B. It is.
- the identification device 3 captures the small pieces 2A to 2D constituting the small piece group 2, and analyzes the obtained image to analyze the first piece 2A, the second piece 2B, and other pieces based on the color, shape, and design.
- 2C and 2D may be discriminated, and a sensor having the highest sensitivity among various methods such as a near-infrared sensor, a mid-infrared sensor, an X-ray sensor, and an image recognition sensor may be adopted.
- a near-infrared identification device is used and is disposed above the conveyor 1.
- the small pieces 2A to 2D constituting the small piece group 2 are conveyed in the X-axis direction by the belt conveyor as the conveyor 1, and the identification device 3 is in the conveying direction of the belt conveyor.
- the sensor is scanned in a direction intersecting with the position information, and the position information where the material type of the first small piece 2A and the material type of the second small piece 2B exist and the other position information can be acquired.
- the identification device 3 also functions as a position information acquisition device.
- the air blower has an air flow 9 (in the positive X-axis direction) from the intermediate portion of the conveyor 1 toward the conveyance end 4 along the conveyance surface on which the small pieces 2A to 2D (small piece group 2) are conveyed, that is, the surface of the conveyor 1.
- the blower opening 6 of the blower that supplies the airflow 9 is a so-called slit nozzle head having a slit-like opening that extends in the width direction (Y-axis direction) of the conveyor 1.
- the blower opening 6 is provided above the conveyor 1 and is equivalent to the conveying width of the conveyor 1 (X-axis direction positive direction) along the conveying surface and the effective width (Y-axis direction) of the conveyor 1 or It has an opening shape capable of supplying the airflow 9 in a wider range than the effective width of the conveyor 1 (the maximum width capable of conveying the small piece group 2).
- the first sorting unit and the second sorting unit (hereinafter sometimes collectively referred to as “sorting device”) pulsate the gas flow based on the positional information of the first small piece 2A and the second small piece 2B obtained from the identification device 3.
- the first small piece 2 ⁇ / b> A and the second small piece 2 ⁇ / b> B that are generated and discharged from the conveying end 4 of the conveyor 1 are changed to change the dropping path.
- the first sorting unit includes a first nozzle group 5A in which a plurality of nozzles connected to the air pressure source are arranged in a row, and the second sorting unit is connected to the air pressure source.
- a second nozzle group 5B in which a plurality of nozzles are arranged in a line is provided.
- the first sorting unit blows off the first small piece 2A by an air flow discharged in a pulse manner from a specific nozzle selected from the first nozzle group 5A, and the second sorting unit is selected from the second nozzle group 5B.
- the second small piece 2B is blown off to a place different from the first small piece 2A by an air flow discharged in a pulse form from a specific nozzle.
- the current plate 7 protrudes from the conveyor 1 in the direction in which the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D (small piece group 2) are discharged, and below the discharged small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D (small piece group 2).
- the rectifying plate 7 is provided along the lower part of the flight path of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D to be selected, and the starting end of the rectifying plate 7 is along the conveyor surface. The upper surface of 7 is placed below the flight path of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D to be selected.
- the rectifying plate 7 is a plate material that controls the air flow 9 around the flight path of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D to be sorted, and the air flow 9 that flows out of the blower opening 6 of the blower and leaves the conveyor 1 Is rectified so that the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D (small piece group 2) become a desired flight path.
- the first sorting plate 8A and the second sorting plate 8B are separated from the flight path of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D (small piece group 2) to be sorted. It is a member for sorting and collecting the small pieces 2A and the small pieces 2B of a specific material type.
- the sorting plates 8A, 8B are arranged below the flight path of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D (small piece group 2).
- the sorting plates 8 ⁇ / b> A and 8 ⁇ / b> B are plate materials that extend in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction) and stand up and spread in the width direction (Y-axis direction) of the conveyor 1 or more.
- the first sorting plate 8A and the second sorting plate 8B are arranged in parallel to the transport direction (X-axis direction) of the conveyor 1, and the first sorting plate 8A is closer to the conveyor 1 than the second sorting plate 8B. Arranged on the side.
- the first sorting plate 8A is higher than the height of the second sorting plate 8B.
- the height of the first sorting plate 8A and the height of the second sorting plate 8B are small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D (small pieces). It corresponds to the flight path of group 2).
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
- another embodiment realized by arbitrarily combining the components described in this specification and excluding some of the components may be used as an embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention includes modifications obtained by making various modifications conceivable by those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention, that is, the meaning described in the claims. It is.
- the identification device 3 may include a plurality of sensors arranged in an array or matrix, and may identify a plurality of first small pieces 2A and second small pieces 2B at a time.
- the blower device may include a nozzle that can move to an arbitrary position, and may move the nozzle based on position information or change the direction of the nozzle.
- the sorting plates 8A and 8B may adopt any shape as long as the first small piece 2A and the second small piece 2B cannot pass, such as those provided with a large number of holes or a net-like lattice.
- FIGS. 1a to 1c sequentially show the steps of sorting the small pieces 2A and 2B of a desired specific material type from the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D (small piece group 2) to be sorted by the conveyor 1. Yes.
- the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D which are selection targets, are transported by the conveyor 1 in the transport direction (X-axis direction).
- the first small piece 2A and the second small piece 2B are small pieces of a desired specific material type.
- the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D (small piece group 2) to be selected pass under the identification device 3 to identify the material type and position.
- the blower opening part 6 it is equivalent to the conveyance direction of the conveyor 1 along the upper surface of the conveyor 1, and is equal to the effective width of the conveyor 1 (width which can convey the small piece group 2), or from the effective width of the conveyor 1.
- An air flow 9 is continuously supplied over a wide range. That is, the air flow 9 is steadily supplied over the steps shown in FIGS. 1a to 1c.
- small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D which are selection targets identified by the identification device 3, are discharged from the transport end 4 of the conveyor 1.
- the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D (small piece group 2) ride on the air flow 9 and fly along a predetermined flight path.
- the first small piece 2A of a desired specific material type passes under the first nozzle group 5A, air is discharged in a pulsed manner only from the corresponding nozzle of the first nozzle group 5A, and the target is selected.
- the first small piece 2A of a desired specific material type is blown off and selected.
- the direction in which the first small piece 2A is blown off is the direction intersecting the flight path, more specifically, the direction substantially perpendicular to the tangent to the flight path, and the first small piece 2A is the first sorting plate. The direction is over 8A.
- the small pieces 2B, 2C, and 2D fly on the flight path as they are, but when the second small piece 2B that is the second desired specific material type passes under the second nozzle group 5B.
- the second small piece of the desired specific material type is discharged from only the corresponding nozzle of the second nozzle group 5B in a pulsed manner and from the flight path of the small pieces 2B, 2C, 2D (small piece group 2) to be selected. 2B is blown off and selected.
- the direction in which the second small piece 2B is blown off is the direction intersecting the flight path, more specifically, the direction substantially perpendicular to the tangent to the flight path, and the second small piece 2B is the first sorting plate. It is the direction blown off between 8A and the second sorting plate 8B.
- the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D are in the form of a sheet having a small thickness and a large area, they may be lifted by a lift force after flying from the conveying end 4.
- the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D are flat plates, lift is applied to the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D when an elevation angle is generated during flight, that is, when the leading portion in the transport direction is higher than the trailing portion. May work.
- the air flow 9 steadily supplied from the air blowing port 6 by the blower device can suppress the rise of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D, and stabilize the flight path of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D.
- the air flow 9 is constantly supplied from the back of the flying sheet-like, flat plate-like small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D, thereby preventing the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D from floating and flying upward. It becomes possible to reduce variations in the route.
- the apparent specific gravity of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D is small, such as foamed urethane, they may decelerate due to the drag of air during flight.
- the small specific gravity pieces 2 ⁇ / b> A, 2 ⁇ / b> B, 2 ⁇ / b> C, and 2 ⁇ / b> D are guided along the air flow 9 due to the reduced air effectiveness due to the air flow 9 that is constantly supplied from the air blowing port 6 by the blower.
- the rectifying plate 7 suppresses airflow (turbulent airflow) generated along the head surface of the conveyor 1 by running and rotation of the conveyor 1 so that the airflow 9 follows the flight path of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D. Rectified to Thus, the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D, which are selection targets, are prevented from suddenly falling away from the desired flight path due to the influence of the air flow 9 flowing along the head surface of the conveyor 1.
- the present invention it is possible to reduce variations in flight paths due to differences in the shapes and specific gravity of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D that are to be selected. Therefore, in the flight path of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D, the first small piece 2A, which is a small piece of a specific material type, can be blown with air properly, and further, the second small piece 2B is qualified at the end of the flight path. Can be blown away. Therefore, in a series of small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D flight, it is possible to select small pieces of two kinds of material types with high accuracy.
- a pulse is generated downward from the first nozzle group 5A and the second nozzle group 5B arranged above the flight path of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D to be selected.
- the first small piece 2A and the second small piece 2B are blown down and sorted by discharging air.
- the arrangement of the first nozzle group 5A and the second nozzle group 5B is small pieces.
- the information is not limited to the flight path information of 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D.
- the first nozzle group 5A and the second nozzle group 5B are arranged below the flight path, and air is discharged in a pulsed manner upward, so that a small piece of a specific material type is blown upward and selected. It doesn't matter.
- the first nozzle group 5A may be disposed above the flight path, and the second nozzle group 5B may be disposed below the flight path (or vice versa).
- the nozzle group may be arranged by selecting not only the first nozzle group 5A and the second nozzle group 5B but also other nozzle groups above or below the flight path and selecting three or more kinds of materials.
- FIGS. 3a to 3c show the state of airflow generation around the flight path of the conveyor 1 and the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D in the process of selecting the small piece group 2.
- FIG. 3a to 3c show the state of airflow generation around the flight path of the conveyor 1 and the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D in the process of selecting the small piece group 2.
- FIG. 3 a is a diagram showing a state in which no air flow 9 is generated from the air outlet 6 by the air blower, and shows the generation of airflow around the flight path of the conveyor 1 and the small piece group 2 traveling at 3 m / sec. Show. As the conveyor 1 travels at 3 m / sec, an air flow of 1.1 m / sec is generated on the surface of the conveyor 1.
- FIG. 3b is a diagram showing a state where the air flow 9 is generated from the air blowing port 6 by the air blowing device and the rectifying plate 7 is not arranged. From the blower opening 6 of the blower that supplies the airflow 9, the airflow in the conveying direction of the conveyor 1, along the conveyor surface, and in a range equivalent to the effective width of the conveyor 1 or wider than the effective width of the conveyor 1 9 is continuously supplied.
- the air flow 9 is supplied from the air blowing port 6 so that the wind speed at the transport end 4 of the conveyor 1 is 3 m / sec
- the first nozzle group 5A is placed around the flight path of the small piece that is the object of selection in the vertically downward direction. Produces an air flow of 1.5 m / sec. From this, it can be seen that the air flow 9 from the air blowing port 6 can suppress the variation in the upward flight path due to the lift and the variation in the downward flight path due to the drag.
- FIG. 3c is a diagram showing a state in which the air flow 9 is generated from the blower opening 6 by the blower and the rectifying plate 7 is arranged.
- the rectifying plate 7 By installing the rectifying plate 7, the airflow along the head surface of the conveyor 1 is blocked and rectified, and the airflow is directed in the direction of the flight path of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D to be selected.
- An air flow 9 of 2.6 m / sec is generated around the flight path of a small piece, which is a selection target in the vertically downward direction of the first nozzle group 5A.
- an air flow 9 of 2.3 m / sec is generated around the flight path of the small piece group 2 in the vertically downward direction of the second nozzle group 5B.
- the flight path of the small pieces 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D (small piece group 2) to be selected can be stabilized by the air flow 9 and the rectifying plate 7 supplied from the blower opening 6 by the blower.
- the compressor and the refrigerator from which the chlorofluorocarbon in the heat insulating material was removed were crushed into small pieces with a crusher, and collected as small pieces 2 of 5 to 150 mm by sieving.
- the small pieces of 1 kg are sequentially spread on the conveyor 1 so as not to overlap, and using a high-speed camera, the variation in the flight path of the small pieces of 1 kg is measured, and the air flow 9 from the air blowing port 6 and the rectification are measured. The effect of the plate 7 was confirmed.
- the rectifying plate 7 was installed along the flight path of the small piece group 2 to be selected, with the start end along the conveyor surface in the vicinity of the pole, and the upper surface below the flight path of the small piece group 2.
- the variation in the flight path is determined by measuring the flight path of the small pieces included in the small piece group 2 from the playback image of the high speed camera, and the small piece group 2 as the selection target at a point 400 mm from the conveying end 4 of the conveyor 1 in the conveying direction. It was evaluated from the swing width of the flight path.
- FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are the results of examining the influence of the wind speed of the air flow 9 at the transport end 4 of the conveyor 1.
- the conveyor 1 was operated under the conditions of a head pulley radius of 170 mm, a conveyance speed of 2 m / sec, and 3 m / sec.
- the rectifying plate 7 was an acrylic plate having a thickness of 3 mm and a length of 250 mm (the width is the same as the effective width of the conveyor 1).
- FIG. 4 shows the effect of the wind speed on the variation in the flight path of the small piece group 2 when the conveyor transport speed is 2 m / second
- FIG. 4 It has been found that there is an optimum wind speed region for both the conveyor transport speeds of 2 m / sec and 3 m / sec. Furthermore, it has been found that both the conveyor transport speeds of 2 m / sec and 3 m / sec have good results when the wind speed of the air flow 9 is 1/2 to 3 times the conveyor transport speed. This is because if the wind velocity of the air flow 9 is small with respect to the conveying speed, it is not possible to suppress the speed decay of the material type having a small apparent specific gravity. If the air velocity 9 is too large with respect to the conveying speed, the turbulent flow It can be inferred that the cause is that the flight of the small piece group 2 is disturbed.
- the width of the air flow 9 in the height direction is preferably larger than the height of the small piece group 2 (the average of the heights of the small pieces).
- the rectifying plate 7 was a 2 mm thick acrylic plate.
- the rectifying plate 7 is installed so as to be parallel to the flight path of the small piece group 2 discharged from the conveyor 1, and the lower end of the rectifying plate 7 is along the conveyor 1 and the height of the upper end of the starting end is set. It arrange
- FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the end position of the current plate 7 and the wind speed at the top of the conveyor 1 (measurement point of air flow rate).
- the conveyor 1 has a head pulley radius of 170 mm and a traveling speed of 3 m / sec.
- the horizontal axis in FIG. 6 is the end position of the current plate 7, and the vertical axis indicates the wind speed at the front end of the conveyor.
- the end position of the rectifying plate 7 was defined as follows.
- An intersection of a horizontal plane including a vertical axis passing through the end of the current plate 7 and a rotation axis passing through the center of the head pulley is obtained, and a distance between the intersection and the center of the head pulley is calculated (that is, the rotation axis of the head pulley). And the vertical axis).
- the end position of the rectifying plate 7 was a value representing the distance between the rotation axis of the head pulley and the vertical axis as a percentage of the radius of the head pulley.
- the same investigation is performed for a conveyor having a head pulley radius of 75 mm.
- the conveyor 1 It was confirmed that the air flow 9 wraps around the head. Therefore, the terminal position of the current plate 7 is preferably 80% or more of the radius of the head pulley.
- the rectifying plate 7 was disposed so that the starting end was along the conveyor surface and was downward along the flight path of the small piece group 2.
- the rectifying plate 7 was an acrylic plate having a thickness of 3 mm and a length of 200 mm.
- FIG. 10 shows the recovery yield when a small piece made of PP and a small piece made of ABS are individually selected from the small piece group 2 in a series of flight paths.
- the small piece which uses PP as the material type was blown off by the first nozzle group 5A, and the small piece which used ABS the material type was blown away by the second nozzle group 5B.
- the present invention it is possible to increase the recovery yield of small pieces of a desired specific material type even when individually selecting small pieces made of two types of materials in a series of flight routes, and to waste home appliances and general waste. It can be applied to material resource recycling as a sorting device and sorting method for recycling small pieces of a specific material type included.
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- Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
Abstract
Description
2 小片群
2A 第一小片
2B 第二小片
3 識別装置
4 搬送端
5 ノズル群
5A 第一ノズル群
5B 第二ノズル群
6 送風口部
7 整流板
8A 第一選別板
8B 第二選別板
9 空気流
10 選別装置
Claims (8)
- 第一材種からなる複数の第一小片と、第二材種からなる複数の第二小片とを含む選別対象である小片群から前記第一小片と前記第二小片とを選別する選別装置であって、
前記小片群を載置状態で一方向に搬送するコンベアと、
前記コンベア上の第一小片と第二小片とを材種により識別する識別装置と、
前記小片群が搬送される搬送面に沿い、前記コンベアの中間部から搬送端に向かう空気流を発生させる送風装置と、
前記識別装置の識別結果に基づき前記コンベアの端部である搬送端から前記空気流に乗って放出される小片群から前記第一小片を空気流によって吹き飛ばす第一選別部と、
前記識別装置の識別結果に基づき前記コンベアの端部である搬送端から前記空気流に乗って放出される小片群から前記第二小片を空気流によって前記第一選別部とは別の場所に吹き飛ばす第二選別部と、
前記小片群が放出される方向に向かって前記コンベアから突出し、放出される前記小片群の下方に配置される整流板と
を備える選別装置。 - 前記送風装置が発生させる空気流の風速は、前記コンベアの小片群の搬送速度の1/2以上3倍以下である
請求項1に記載の選別装置。 - 前記送風装置が発生させる空気流の高さ方向の幅は、前記小片群の高さ方向の幅の平均よりも大きい
請求項1または2に記載の選別装置。 - 前記コンベアは搬送端側の端部にヘッドプーリーを備え、
前記整流板は、前記整流板の終端の位置を通過する鉛直線と、前記ヘッドプーリーの回転軸との距離が、前記ヘッドプーリーの半径の80%以上となるように配置される
請求項1に記載の選別装置。 - 第一材種からなる複数の第一小片と、第二材種からなる複数の第二小片とを含む選別対象である小片群から前記第一小片と前記第二小片とを選別する選別方法であって、
前記小片群をコンベアにより一方向に搬送し、
識別装置により、前記コンベア上の第一小片と第二小片とを材種により識別し、
送風装置により、前記小片群が搬送される搬送面に沿い、前記コンベアの中間部から搬送端に向かう空気流を発生させ、
第一選別部により、前記識別装置の識別結果に基づき前記コンベアの端部である搬送端から前記空気流に乗って放出される小片群から前記第一小片を空気流によって吹き飛ばし、
第二選別部によって、前記識別装置の識別結果に基づき前記コンベアの端部である搬送端から前記空気流に乗って放出される小片群から前記第二小片を空気流によって前記第一選別部とは別の場所に吹き飛ばし、
前記小片群が放出される方向に向かって前記コンベアから突出し、放出される前記小片群の下方に配置される整流板によって前記空気流を整流する
選別方法。 - コンベアの搬送端における空気流の風速がコンベア速度の1/2以上3倍以下である
請求項5に記載の選別方法。 - 空気流の高さ方向の幅が、コンベアによって搬送される選別対象である小片の高さよりも大きい
請求項5または6に記載の選別方法。 - 前記コンベアは搬送端側の端部にヘッドプーリーを備え、
前記整流板は、前記整流板の終端の位置を通過する鉛直線と、前記ヘッドプーリーの回転軸との距離が、前記ヘッドプーリーの半径の80%以上となるように配置される
請求項5に記載の選別方法。
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US13/809,458 US9199283B2 (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2012-09-12 | Separation apparatus and separation method |
CN201280002205.2A CN103260776B (zh) | 2011-12-15 | 2012-09-12 | 分选装置、分选方法 |
JP2012550657A JP5496367B2 (ja) | 2011-12-15 | 2012-09-12 | 選別装置、選別方法 |
EP12820845.1A EP2792424B1 (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2012-09-12 | Sorting device and sorting method |
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JP5496367B2 (ja) | 2014-05-21 |
CN103260776A (zh) | 2013-08-21 |
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