WO2013039224A1 - Appareil et procédé de production d'eau douce - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé de production d'eau douce Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013039224A1
WO2013039224A1 PCT/JP2012/073700 JP2012073700W WO2013039224A1 WO 2013039224 A1 WO2013039224 A1 WO 2013039224A1 JP 2012073700 W JP2012073700 W JP 2012073700W WO 2013039224 A1 WO2013039224 A1 WO 2013039224A1
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Prior art keywords
raw water
water
pretreatment
pressure
fresh water
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2012/073700
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
一憲 富岡
博文 森川
Original Assignee
東レ株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 東レ株式会社 filed Critical 東レ株式会社
Priority to AU2012309380A priority Critical patent/AU2012309380B2/en
Priority to JP2012549032A priority patent/JP5962513B2/ja
Priority to SG2014014120A priority patent/SG2014014120A/en
Publication of WO2013039224A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013039224A1/fr
Priority to TNP2014000071A priority patent/TN2014000071A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/58—Multistep processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/04—Backflushing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B01D61/145—Ultrafiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B01D61/147—Microfiltration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C02F1/004—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance using large scale industrial sized filters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/005—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/03—Pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/40—Liquid flow rate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/04—Flow arrangements
    • C02F2301/043—Treatment of partial or bypass streams
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fresh water producing apparatus and a fresh water producing method for producing raw water by treating raw water with a pretreatment device to produce pretreated water, and treating the pretreated water with a reverse osmosis membrane device.
  • Freshwater production equipment equipped with reverse osmosis membrane modules used in seawater desalination and the like has features of energy saving and space saving, and therefore is widely used in various fields. For example, it can be applied to water purification processes that produce industrial water and tap water from river water, groundwater, and sewage effluent, and to sewage reuse reverse osmosis membrane treatment processes and seawater desalination reverse osmosis membrane treatment processes. It is done.
  • a reverse osmosis membrane separation apparatus used in seawater desalination basically increases the liquid to be treated to a predetermined pressure via a high-pressure pump and supplies it to the reverse osmosis membrane module. The dissolved component in the liquid to be treated is separated by the osmotic action to obtain permeated water.
  • the fresh water production apparatus equipped with the reverse osmosis membrane module is fed from the raw water tank 1 to the pretreatment apparatus 5 by the raw water supply pump 3 and filtered.
  • a sand filtration device or a pretreatment device such as a membrane pretreatment device using a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane is generally used.
  • the pretreated water filtered by the pretreatment device 5 is temporarily stored in the intermediate tank 15, and this pretreated water is supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane module 9 of the reverse osmosis membrane device 10 using the high-pressure pump 7 and processed. It was.
  • this method has a disadvantage that microorganisms are generated in the intermediate tank 15 and the reverse osmosis membrane module 9 is easily contaminated, and the suction pressure of the high-pressure pump 7 becomes insufficient due to the installation of the intermediate tank 15. In this case, it is necessary to install another booster pump 16 on the supply side of the high-pressure pump 7, which requires extra equipment costs.
  • the pretreatment device when it is filtered, whether it is a sand filtration device or a membrane pretreatment device, removal objects such as turbidity, organic matter, and inorganic matter contained in the raw water accumulate, and the filtration resistance of the pretreatment device increases. Eventually, the filtration cannot be continued. Therefore, in order to suppress an increase in the filtration resistance of the pretreatment device, the pretreatment device needs to periodically perform back pressure cleaning for backflow from the pretreatment water side to the raw water side. (Hereinafter, described as a backwashing process.) During this backwashing process, a series of pretreatment processes installed in a plurality of series or a series of limited pretreatment devices are isolated from the operation series.
  • the pretreatment device and the reverse osmosis membrane device are directly connected, so the pressure fluctuation to the reverse osmosis membrane device is reduced at the start of the backwash process of the pretreatment device and the transition to the operation process. This may impair the stable operation of the given reverse osmosis membrane device.
  • Patent Document 1 proposes a means of using the concentrated water of the reverse osmosis membrane for the backwash water of the pretreatment membrane, but does not describe a specific operation method during the backwash process, and the reverse osmosis membrane device. May not be possible.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a series of pretreatment devices using a supply flow control of the pretreatment device and a flow control of the reverse osmosis membrane device in a system in which the pretreatment device and the reverse osmosis membrane device are directly connected. Even if it becomes a backwashing process, means to stably feed the liquid to the reverse osmosis membrane device has been proposed, but the flow control should be used in series in a series where the pretreatment device and the reverse osmosis membrane device are directly connected. Each flow control may interfere and flow control may diverge.
  • pretreated water obtained by pretreating raw water with a sand filtration device or a pretreatment device such as a pretreatment membrane module equipped with a microfiltration membrane and / or an ultrafiltration membrane is passed through an intermediate tank.
  • the fresh water production apparatus that is directly supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus, the fresh water can be backwashed from the raw water by the fresh water production apparatus capable of performing the backwashing of the pretreatment apparatus without impairing the stable operation of the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus. It is providing the manufacturing method of the fresh water to manufacture.
  • the fresh water production apparatus and the fresh water production method of the present invention have the following characteristics.
  • a pretreatment device composed of a plurality of series for treating raw water to produce pretreatment water, a reverse osmosis membrane device for treating the pretreatment water to produce fresh water, and the pretreatment device
  • a raw water supply pump for supplying raw water
  • a high-pressure pump for supplying the pretreated water to the reverse osmosis membrane device
  • a first raw water supply having one end connected to the raw water supply unit and the other end connected to the raw water supply pump
  • a pipe a second raw water supply pipe having one end connected to the raw water supply pump and the other end connected to each series of the pretreatment apparatus, and one end connected to each series of the pretreatment apparatus
  • a fresh water production apparatus comprising: a first connection pipe connected to the high pressure pump; and a second connection pipe having one end connected to the high pressure pump and the other end connected to the reverse osmosis membrane device.
  • a pressure gauge that measures the treated water pressure of the pretreated water
  • a bypass pipe that branches on the second raw water supply pipe and discharges the raw water outside the system, and controls the treated water pressure provided on the bypass pipe
  • a fresh water production apparatus comprising a pressure control valve.
  • a flow meter for measuring a raw water flow rate supplied to each series of the pretreatment devices, and a raw water flow rate supplied to each series of the pretreatment devices are controlled.
  • the fresh water manufacturing apparatus according to (1) further comprising a flow control valve that performs the operation.
  • a method for producing fresh water comprising controlling the treated water pressure to be constant using a control valve.
  • a fresh water production method for producing fresh water from raw water by the fresh water production apparatus includes a backwashing step of the pretreatment device, and the flow meter and the flow rate control A method for producing fresh water using a valve to control the flow rate of raw water supplied to the pretreatment device during the backwashing step to be constant.
  • the pretreatment device can be backwashed while preventing the reverse osmosis membrane from being soiled by a simple method, and the reverse osmosis membrane device can be stably operated.
  • FIG. 1 is an apparatus schematic flowchart showing an example of the fresh water producing apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an example of a pretreatment apparatus using the membrane module according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is an apparatus schematic flow diagram showing another example of the fresh water producing apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing another example of a pretreatment apparatus using the membrane module according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is an apparatus schematic flowchart showing an example of a conventional fresh water producing apparatus.
  • the fresh water production apparatus of the present invention includes a raw water tank 1 that stores raw water, a pretreatment apparatus 5 that includes a plurality of systems that process raw water to produce pretreated water, A reverse osmosis membrane device 10 that processes the pretreated water to produce fresh water, a raw water supply pump 3 that supplies the raw water to the pretreatment device 5, and a high-pressure pump that supplies the pretreated water to the reverse osmosis membrane device 10 7, a first raw water supply pipe 2 having one end connected to the raw water tank 1 and the other end connected to the raw water supply pump 3, and one end connected to the raw water supply pump 3 and the other end of the pretreatment device 5.
  • a second raw water supply pipe 4 connected in series, a first connection pipe 6 having one end connected to each series of the pretreatment device 5 and the other end connected to the high-pressure pump 7, and one end connected to the high-pressure pump 7. And the other end of the second connecting pipe 8 connected to the reverse osmosis membrane device 10. Furthermore, a pressure gauge 11 provided on the first connecting pipe 6 for measuring the treated water pressure supplied to the high-pressure pump 7 and the second raw water supply pipe 4 are branched to supply the raw water.
  • a bypass pipe 12 that discharges to the outside of the system and a pressure control valve 13 that is provided on the bypass pipe 12 and controls the treated water pressure are provided.
  • the raw water to which the present invention can be applied includes various raw waters such as seawater, river water, groundwater, sewage treated water.
  • the pretreatment device 5 is composed of a plurality of series in consideration of the backwashing process, and the device may be a sand filtration device or a structure in which two stages of sand filtration devices are directly connected. Further, it may be a pretreatment membrane device provided with a microfiltration membrane and / or an ultrafiltration membrane.
  • the pretreatment membrane module 20 used in the pretreatment device 5 is a microfiltration membrane capable of blocking particles and polymers of 0.1 ⁇ m or more, and blocks particles and polymers of 2 nm or more and less than 0.1 ⁇ m. It is not particularly limited as long as it is an ultrafiltration membrane.
  • a hollow fiber membrane type, a flat membrane type, a spiral type, or a tubular type can be used as the form of the microfiltration membrane and / or the ultrafiltration membrane used in the pretreatment membrane module 20, a hollow fiber membrane type, a flat membrane type, a spiral type, or a tubular type can be used.
  • the hollow fiber membrane type is preferred.
  • the membrane filtration method may be a whole-volume filtration type module or a cross-flow filtration type module, but a full-volume filtration type module is preferred from the viewpoint of low energy consumption.
  • the pressurization type module may be a pressurization type module or an immersion type module, the pressurization type module is preferred from the viewpoint that a high flux operation is possible.
  • the pressurization type module may be an external pressure type that supplies raw water from the outside of the membrane and obtains permeated water from the inside, or an internal pressure type that supplies raw water from the inside of the membrane and obtains permeated water from the outside. From the viewpoint of simplicity of processing, an external pressure type is preferred.
  • the material of the microfiltration membrane and / or ultrafiltration membrane used in the pretreatment membrane module 20 is not particularly limited, and polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyacrylonitrile, polyimide, polyetherimide, polyamide, polyetherketone, polyetherether Examples thereof include ketone, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, cellulose, cellulose acetate, polyvinylidene fluoride, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polytetrafluoroethylene, and composite materials thereof.
  • polyvinylidene fluoride has excellent chemical resistance, so the filtration function of the microfiltration membrane and / or ultrafiltration membrane can be restored by periodically cleaning the microfiltration membrane and / or ultrafiltration membrane.
  • the pretreatment membrane module since the pretreatment membrane module is extended in life, it is preferable as a material for the microfiltration membrane and / or ultrafiltration membrane.
  • Examples of the material of the case of the pretreatment membrane module 20 include polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polybutene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA), and fluorinated ethylene polypropylene copolymer ( FEP), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), fluorocarbon resins such as trifluoroethylene chloride-ethylene copolymer (ECTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and polyvinyl chloride, Chlorine resins such as polyvinylidene chloride, polysulfone resin, polyether sulfone resin, polyallyl sulfone resin, polyphenyl ether resin, acrylonitrile-butene Diene - styrene copolymer resin (ABS),
  • the reverse osmosis membrane module 9 in the reverse osmosis membrane device 10 of the present invention is a spiral type element in which a flat membrane-like membrane is wrapped around a water collecting pipe, or a plate type support plate with a flat membrane pasted on both sides.
  • Plate-and-frame-type elements stacked at regular intervals through spacers, modularized, tubular-type elements using tubular membranes, and hollow-fiber membrane elements bundled and stored in a case A single or a plurality of pressure vessels are connected and connected in series.
  • the element may be in any form, but it is preferable to use a spiral element from the viewpoint of operability and compatibility.
  • the number of elements can be arbitrarily set according to the membrane performance. When spiral type elements are used, it is preferable that the number of elements loaded in one module is arranged in the order of 1 to 8 in series.
  • a plurality of reverse osmosis membrane modules 9 may be arranged in parallel.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane constituting the reverse osmosis membrane module 9 may be anything as long as it has a desalting performance.
  • the material include polyamide, polypiperazine amide, Polyesteramides or cross-linked water-soluble vinyl polymers can be used, and the membrane structure has a dense layer on at least one side of the membrane, from the dense layer to the inside of the membrane or the membrane on the other side. That have fine pores with gradually increasing pore sizes (asymmetric membranes), and those that have a very thin separation functional layer (composite membrane) formed of another material on the dense layer of such asymmetric membranes. Can be used.
  • a composite membrane is preferable, and among them, a polyamide-based composite membrane is preferable, and a piperazine polyamide-based composite membrane is more preferable in terms of the amount of permeated water and chemical resistance.
  • the material of the first raw water supply pipe 2, the second raw water supply pipe 4, the first connection pipe 6, the second connection pipe 8, and the bypass pipe 12 is a resin pipe such as a vinyl chloride pipe or a polyethylene pipe, carbon
  • the pipe may be a metal pipe such as a steel pipe or a stainless steel pipe, or a lining pipe in which a resin is lined in the metal pipe, but the selection needs to be made in consideration of the quality of raw water and the required pressure of the apparatus.
  • a metal pipe or a lining pipe is preferable instead of a resin pipe.
  • a spiral pump is generally used as the raw water supply pump 3, and a spiral pump or a plunger pump is generally used for the high-pressure pump 7.
  • the raw water tank 1 is exemplified as the raw water supply unit.
  • the material of the raw water tank 1 may be a concrete tank or a resin tank such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and FRP.
  • the raw water tank 1 may not be installed.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a schematic diagram of the pretreatment device 5 using a membrane module in order to explain the backwashing process in the pretreatment device 5 in the present invention.
  • the pretreatment device 5 includes a pretreatment membrane module 20, a raw water supply valve 21 installed in the second raw water supply pipe 4, a filtration valve 22 installed in the first connection pipe 6 on the pretreatment water side, and vice versa.
  • a backwash valve 23 installed in the washing pipe 26, a backwash drain valve 24 installed in the backwash drainage pipe 27, and a backwash pump 25 for supplying backwash water through the backwash pipe 26 are provided. It has been.
  • a piping / valve for air cleaning and a piping / valve for air venting are installed.
  • the sand filter has the same structure, but in the present invention, the pretreatment device 5 using a membrane module will be described as a model hereinafter.
  • the pretreatment device 5 and the reverse osmosis membrane device 10 are directly connected without an intermediate tank or the like, and the pretreatment device 5 periodically shifts from the filtration step to the backwashing step and is isolated from the operation series. Therefore, although not shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of similar pretreatment membrane modules 20 are required.
  • the backwashing step that is periodically performed to suppress the increase in filtration resistance of the pretreatment membrane module 20 is performed as follows. Among the plurality of pretreatment membrane modules 20 that are independent in parallel, some of the pretreatment membrane modules 20 filter the raw water, and the raw water supply valve 21 and the filtration valve 22 for the remaining pretreatment membrane modules 20 that are desired to be backwashed. And the filtration is stopped, the backwash valve 23 and the backwash drain valve 24 are opened, and the pretreatment water stored in the pretreatment membrane water tank is pretreated by the backwash pump 25 in the pretreatment membrane module. Supplied to the side. As the backwash water, pretreated water or the like can be used.
  • the backwash water that has passed through the pretreatment membrane in the direction opposite to the filtration is discharged from the pretreatment membrane module 20 as washing wastewater through the opened backwash drain valve 24, and a backwash process is performed. After backwashing for a predetermined time, the backwash pump 25 is stopped and the backwash valve 23 is closed.
  • the drainage valve installed at the lower part of the pretreatment membrane module 20 is opened so that the washing wastewater retained on the raw water side of the pretreatment membrane module 20 is removed from the pretreatment membrane module 20. Discharged from.
  • the raw water is supplied to the pretreatment membrane module 20 that has been backwashed by opening the flow control valve 32 and the raw water supply valve 21, and the air accumulated on the raw water side of the pretreatment membrane module 20 is reverse open. Exit from the flush valve 24. In this process, it is possible to apply a flushing process in which the washing wastewater retained on the raw water side of the pretreatment membrane module 20 is discharged through the backwash drainage valve 24. In this case, the washing wastewater is discharged from the drainage valve. It may or may not be discharged. After the air has been removed from the backwash drain valve 24, the backwash drain valve 24 is closed and the filtration valve 22 is opened, so that the backwash process of the pretreatment membrane module 20 is completed and the backwash process is being performed. The pretreatment membrane module 20 returns to the filtration step in the same manner as the other pretreatment membrane modules 20.
  • the pretreatment device 5 includes a plurality of series as shown in FIG. 2, and periodically shifts from the filtration process to the backwash process for each series and returns to the filtration process after the end of the reverse process. Repeatedly. At the time of this process transition, the number of operation series increases and decreases, resulting in pressure fluctuations in the system. If this pressure fluctuation is large, the reverse osmosis membrane device 10 will be shut down due to the interlock of the supply pressure drop of the high pressure pump 7, and the flow rate control of the reverse osmosis membrane device 10 will be greatly affected. Therefore, reducing the pressure fluctuation as much as possible is a preferable operation condition in the direct operation of the pretreatment device 5 and the reverse osmosis membrane device 10.
  • pressure control for controlling the reverse osmosis membrane supply pressure when performing the back washing process of the pretreatment device 5 is performed.
  • the pressure gauge 11 provided on the first connection pipe 6 using the pressure control valve 13 provided on the bypass pipe 12 for branching on the second raw water supply pipe 4 and discharging the raw water out of the system by the section 14. Is characterized by controlling the treatment water pressure of the pretreatment water measured by.
  • the pressure control valve 13 is automatically closed by the pressure control unit 14, and the pressure in the system is adjusted to be constant.
  • the pressure control valve 13 is automatically opened by the pressure control unit 14, and the pressure in the system is adjusted to be constant.
  • the fresh water producing apparatus of the present invention is further provided on the second raw water supply pipe 4 in addition to the configuration of the fresh water producing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 described above. It is preferable to include a flow meter 31 for measuring the raw water flow rate supplied to the series and a flow rate control valve 32 for controlling the raw water flow rate supplied to each series of the pretreatment device 5.
  • the pretreatment device 5 when the pretreatment device 5 is a membrane module, raw water is supplied and air accumulated on the raw water side of the membrane pretreatment module 20 is discharged from the backwash drain valve 24. Even when the pretreatment device 5 is a sand filtration device, it is necessary to supply raw water and discharge it from the backwash drain valve or the like in order to stabilize the filter medium for a certain period of time after backwashing as a regular washing process at the final stage of the backwashing process. is there.
  • the pretreatment device 5 in which the raw water is supplied from the second raw water supply pipe 4 that is connected to another series that is continuously operated and maintains the pressure of the regulations, Since it is discharged out of the system to the drainage side that is open to the atmosphere via the backwash drain valve 24 and the backwash drain pipe 27, a large amount is temporarily added to the pretreatment device 5 performing the backwash process. The raw water flows, and the pressure in the other system that continues operation is significantly reduced.
  • the flow rate control valve 32 controls the raw water flow rate supplied to each series of the pretreatment device 5 by the flow rate control unit 33 that controls the raw water flow rate supplied to the pretreatment device 5.
  • the flow rate of raw water supplied to each series of the pretreatment apparatus 5 measured by the flow meter 31 provided for each series of the processing apparatus 5 is controlled.
  • the raw water is supplied to the pretreatment device 5 during the backwashing process without reducing the pressure of the raw water supply pipe 4 of another series that is continuing to operate. Can be supplied.
  • the raw water flow rate control in the pretreatment device 5 during the backwashing process using the flow meter 31 and the flow rate control valve 32 described above can also be used for the raw water flow rate control in the pretreatment device 5 during the filtration process.
  • the flow control of the pretreatment water supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane device 10 is generally performed.
  • the flow rate control is connected in series. Since the control may diverge due to the interference effect between the respective controls, the raw water flow rate control in the pretreatment device 5 of the present invention is used only when the raw water is supplied during the backwash process, and the filtration process. Sometimes, it is preferable to use the flow control valve 32 fully open without performing flow control.
  • the pressure gauge 11 is preferably an electronic pressure transmitter.
  • the material of the wetted part is selected in consideration of the quality of the raw water as in the case of the pipe material of the first connecting pipe 6.
  • the pressure control valve 13 and the flow control valve 32 may be either an electrically operated valve or an air operated valve, but an air operated valve with a positioner is preferable in consideration of responsiveness.
  • the valve body is generally a globe valve or a butterfly valve.
  • the pressure control unit 14 and the flow rate control unit 33 are generally PID control, and the PID control function of the PLC or DCS that controls the entire freshwater production apparatus is used, or is newly controlled using a PID one-loop controller. It does n’t matter.
  • the opening and closing speed of the raw water supply valve 21 involved in the process transition and the filtration valve 22 installed on the pretreatment water side is preferable to make the opening and closing speed of the raw water supply valve 21 involved in the process transition and the filtration valve 22 installed on the pretreatment water side as slow as possible. Therefore, when the raw water supply valve 21 and the filtration valve 22 are pneumatic, it is preferable to install a speed controller or a positioner.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane device 10 since the supply pressure to the reverse osmosis membrane device 10 can be always constant, the reverse osmosis membrane device 10 is stopped or the reverse osmosis membrane device 10 is not affected without affecting the flow control of the reverse osmosis membrane device 10. 10 can be stably operated.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un appareil de production d'eau douce qui prétraite l'eau brute avec un dispositif de prétraitement (5) tel qu'un module de prétraitement à membrane équipé d'une membrane de microfiltration et/ou d'une membrane d'ultrafiltration ou un dispositif de filtration sur sable, et transfère l'eau prétraitée obtenue directement dans un dispositif à membrane pour osmose inverse (10) sans passer par une cuve intermédiaire. L'appareil de production d'eau douce selon l'invention permet de laver le dispositif de prétraitement (5) à contre-courant sans affecter le fonctionnement stable du dispositif à membrane pour osmose inverse (10). Un procédé de production d'eau douce, ladite eau douce étant produite à partir d'eau brute par l'appareil de production d'eau douce selon l'invention, est également décrit.
PCT/JP2012/073700 2011-09-15 2012-09-14 Appareil et procédé de production d'eau douce WO2013039224A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2012309380A AU2012309380B2 (en) 2011-09-15 2012-09-14 Freshwater production apparatus and method for producing freshwater
JP2012549032A JP5962513B2 (ja) 2011-09-15 2012-09-14 淡水製造装置および淡水の製造方法
SG2014014120A SG2014014120A (en) 2011-09-15 2012-09-14 Freshwater production apparatus and method for producing freshwater
TNP2014000071A TN2014000071A1 (en) 2011-09-15 2014-02-18 Freshwater production apparatus and method for producing freshwater

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CN105565531A (zh) * 2016-03-04 2016-05-11 宁波淳源环保科技有限公司 一种高效反渗透海水淡化装置
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CN107010697A (zh) * 2017-04-19 2017-08-04 海南立昇净水科技实业有限公司 超滤机出水调节装置及超滤机

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JPWO2013039224A1 (ja) 2015-03-26
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