Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
  • E01B7/00—Switches; Crossings
  • E01B7/26—Lubricating of switches
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
  • E01B7/00—Switches; Crossings
  • E01B7/02—Tongues; Associated constructions
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
  • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
  • E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
  • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
  • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
  • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
  • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
  • F16C2202/00—Solid materials defined by their properties
  • F16C2202/02—Mechanical properties
  • F16C2202/04—Hardness
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
  • F16C2202/00—Solid materials defined by their properties
  • F16C2202/02—Mechanical properties
  • F16C2202/10—Porosity
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
  • F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
  • F16C2208/02—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers comprising fillers, fibres
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
  • F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
  • F16C2208/20—Thermoplastic resins
  • F16C2208/36—Polyarylene ether ketones [PAEK], e.g. PEK, PEEK
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
  • F16C2223/00—Surface treatments; Hardening; Coating
  • F16C2223/30—Coating surfaces
  • F16C2223/42—Coating surfaces by spraying the coating material, e.g. plasma spraying
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
  • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
  • F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
  • F16C2240/60—Thickness, e.g. thickness of coatings
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
  • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
  • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
  • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
  • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
  • F16C33/208—Methods of manufacture, e.g. shaping, applying coatings

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the railway field switchgear and more specifically to the field of steel-on-steel friction surfaces of these devices and in particular to the field of friction surfaces sustainably retain their lubricating properties.
• the devices having a sliding or a displacement between two pieces of steel by a friction of one against the other present a problem of rapid wear and galling at the friction surfaces.
• a solution, alternative to greasing, commonly used to limit the forces on these friction surfaces is the introduction of rollers moving the parts that carry the surfaces. This solution results in a separation of the surfaces in contact with the rollers that move the parts relative to each other. Beyond the consequent cost for the equipment of the friction surfaces with such a mechanism, this solution also has the disadvantage of causing a noticeable change in the geometrical state of some of the elements which carries the friction surfaces.
• the object of the present invention is to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a surface adapted to allow, durably, a steel-on-steel friction operating with resistance to movements which have low values.
• the invention relates to a part comprising a friction surface against a second surface, this part comprising at least one steel structure, characterized in that the outer surface of this steel structure is covered with at least one layer lubricant thermoplastic polymers.
• the invention also relates to a hinge characterized in that it comprises at least one piece carrying a friction surface according to the invention.
• the invention also relates to a method of treating a surface of a steel structure with a view to reducing the resistance to friction and obtaining a workpiece according to the invention, characterized in that the method treatment includes at least:
• FIG. 1 is the schematic representation of an embodiment of the thickness of a part carrying a friction surface according to the invention
• FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a diagram of the friction resistance supported by the friction surface over time.
• the invention relates to a duplex surface coating making it possible to facilitate mainly the steel-on-steel friction in a sequential or even random type of movement of translation movement between two antagonists, one fixed and the other mobile, under load and in all weathers and in all directions. severe weather conditions.
• the invention is also adapted to facilitate friction between counterparts arranged in other embodiments.
• the invention relates to a part comprising a surface 4 at the level of which a friction is operated.
• This friction surface 4 interacts with the surface of a second room.
• This interaction between two parts can be performed, for example, in the context of an articulation between two elements within a device or between two elements respectively belonging to different devices.
• the first part then comprises at least one steel structure 1, characterized in that the outer surface of this steel structure 1 is covered with at least one layer of lubricant thermoplastic polymers 3.
• the polymer layer may be carried by the outer surface of only one of the parts intended to form the joint or by each of the parts of the joint.
• the invention can be applied to both flat articulation surfaces and circular or curved surfaces.
• the purpose of the polymer layer 3 is to act as a lubricant by making it possible to significantly reduce the resistance due to the friction of the surfaces 4 of each of the parts during a displacement of the one on the other.
• the thermoplastic layer 3 makes it possible to reduce the coefficient of friction by obtaining a value of the order of 0.2, preferably of the order of 0.15 and ideally of 0.09.
• thermoplastic polymers used is a thermostable semi-crystalline thermoplastic.
• the thermoplastic used is a polyetheretherketone also called PEEK (PolyEther Ether Ketone).
• thermoplastic polymer layer 3 can be impaired when the joint operates under conditions which exhibit temperature variations, various weather conditions and / or within an environment which facilitates degradation, such as, for example, example, because of the presence of dust.
• the durability of the friction surface 4 and in particular the resistance of the surface 4 of friction to corrosion is improved by integration of a layer 2 of steel amorphous disposed between, on the one hand, the steel structure 1 and, on the other hand, the lubricant thermoplastic polymer layer 3.
• the steel structure 1 is made from amorphous steel so that the steel structure 1 and the amorphous steel layer 2 produces a single layer of steel.
• the layer 2 of steel has a composition integrating at least 70%, preferably at least 80% and ideally at least 90% amorphous phase.
• a feature of the invention also consists in improving the durability of the lubricating properties of the polymer layer 3 by restricting the wear of the polymer layer 3 by interleaving the polymer layer 3 and the outer surface of steel allowing the combination of the properties of each of these layers, whether this surface is made directly by the structure 1, made of steel or amorphous steel, of the part or by an amorphous steel intermediate layer 2.
• This nesting is performed by forming a relief on the outer surface of steel.
• the cavities of this relief are then, at least in part, filled by the lubricant polymer layer 3.
• the polymer layer 3 thus produces an outer layer formed by a first thickness 6, at depth, which at least partially fills the relief cavities of the surface of the steel structure 1 and / or the amorphous steel intermediate layer 2, and by a second thickness 7, on the surface, which forms the contact surface where the friction of the part takes place.
• the realization of a friction surface according to the invention thus involves several steps of a treatment process for the formation of a layer 3 of lubricant thermoplastic polymers. These different stages correspond to at least:
• thermoplastic polymer is impregnated on the friction surface by a projection involving a compressed air gun.
• the thermoplastic layer 3 after polymerization, has a thickness greater than ⁇ , preferably greater than 15 ⁇ and ideally greater than 20 ⁇ .
• the thermoplastic layer 3 then has a Koenig microhardness greater than 100, preferably greater than 1 10 and ideally greater than 120 or a Shore hardness greater than 65D, preferably greater than 75D and ideally greater than 85D.
• the thermoplastic layer 3 thus deposited has a resistance to adhesion greater than 80 MPa, preferably greater than 90 MPa and ideally greater than 100 MPa.
• the thermoplastic layer 3 allows resistance to compressions greater than 100 MPa, preferably greater than 1 10 MPa and ideally greater than 1 18 MPa.
• the thermoplastic layer 3 makes it possible to reduce the coefficient of friction by obtaining a value of the order of 0.2, preferably of the order of 0.15 and ideally of 0.09.
• the method prior to this setting up of a layer of polymerized thermoplastic, the method comprises various stages allowing an improvement in the corrodability of the friction surface with the formation of a layer 2 of amorphous steel on which is disposed the layer 3 of polymerized thermoplastic.
• These different stages correspond, moreover, to:
• a layer 2 of amorphous steel is formed at the level of the friction surface.
• the resistance of the friction surface to corrosion is then proportional to the percentage of amorphous steel formed on the surface.
• the layer 2 formed has a thickness greater than ⁇ , preferably greater than 200 ⁇ and ideally greater than 250 ⁇ m.
• the layer 2 of amorphous steel then has a porosity of less than 2%, preferably less than 1.5% and ideally less than 1%.
• This layer 2 of steel thanks to the thermal spraying of a substrate, also has the characteristic of having an oxide content of less than 8%, preferably less than 6% and ideally less than 4%.
• the layer 2 of amorphous steel thus formed has a resistance to adhesion greater than 35 MPa, preferably greater than 40 MPa and ideally greater than 45 MPa.
• the layer 2 of amorphous steel allows a resistance of the friction surface to shears greater than 90 MPa, preferably greater than 1 10 MPa and ideally greater than 130 MPa.
• the method comprises several steps for more intimately associating the layer 3 of polymerized thermoplastic and the upper surface of steel which carries this layer. 3 thermoplastic.
• the realization of this intimate association thus involves:
• a step of cleaning the abraded steel surface are performed prior to a deposition step of the polymerized thermoplastic layer 3 and a step of forming an amorphous steel layer 2 by thermal spraying of a substrate.
• the abrasion of the surface is carried out by a corundum of Cristalba type F40-F60 or any other type guaranteeing the absence of iron oxide.
• This corundum makes it possible to obtain a roughness whose a is less than 8 ⁇ , preferentially less than 6 ⁇ and ideally between 4.5 ⁇ at 6 ⁇ .
• the surface has a Vickers microhardness greater than 900 HV 0.3, preferably greater than 1000 HV 0.3 and ideally greater than 1 150 HV 0.3.
• the realization of a relief on the outer surface of steel forms a set of several cavities 5 distributed at the level of the steel surface.
• this polymer fills and fills in particular the different cavities of the relief of the steel surface.
• the friction surface thus has, in its thickness, under the layer of thermoplastic polymers 3 itself, a portion of thickness 6 at which the steel surface and the thermoplastic polymer are interleaved.
• This particular thickness portion 6 of the friction surface contributes in particular to improving the durability of the friction surface and the resistance of this surface to wear.
• the layer formed by the thickness 7 only of the polymerized thermoplastic 3 has a hardness and wear resistance insufficient to ensure a sufficiently high durability.
• this outer layer of thermoplastic polymer only 7 disappears. The surface that supports the friction is then formed by the outer surface of the thickness 6 where steel and thermoplastic polymer 3 are interlocked.
• the external surface on which the friction is operated is then formed by an alternation of steel surface and thermoplastic polymer surface 3.
• This alternation thus allows a combination of the hardness of the steel, possibly amorphous steel, the lubricating properties of the thermoplastic polymer 3.
• the friction surface thus allows a combined combination of hardness and lubrication to maintain durably in time t2 the lubricating properties of the thermoplastic polymer 3.
• the combination of the thermoplastic polymer layer 3 with the amorphous steel layer 2 thus makes it possible to reduce the coefficient of friction by obtaining a value of the order of 0.2, preferably of the order of 0.15 and ideally of 0.09.
• the friction surface of the invention thus ensures a durability of the low resistance supported by the friction surface.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Composite Materials (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
• Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

Priority Applications (11)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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Citations (6)

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• 2011
  • 2011-09-08 FR FR1157986A patent/FR2979925B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2012
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  • 2012-09-10 EP EP12767051.1A patent/EP2753756B1/fr active Active
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  • 2012-09-10 PL PL12767051T patent/PL2753756T3/pl unknown
  • 2012-09-10 WO PCT/FR2012/052013 patent/WO2013034868A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2012-09-10 ES ES12767051T patent/ES2827201T3/es active Active
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• 2014
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