WO2013027643A1 - 発電装置 - Google Patents
発電装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013027643A1 WO2013027643A1 PCT/JP2012/070791 JP2012070791W WO2013027643A1 WO 2013027643 A1 WO2013027643 A1 WO 2013027643A1 JP 2012070791 W JP2012070791 W JP 2012070791W WO 2013027643 A1 WO2013027643 A1 WO 2013027643A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K19/00—Regenerating or otherwise treating steam exhausted from steam engine plant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K9/00—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K9/00—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines
- F01K9/02—Arrangements or modifications of condensate or air pumps
- F01K9/023—Control thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power generation apparatus that uses a medium having a boiling point lower than that of water as a working medium, and that includes an air removal device that removes air mixed in the working medium.
- Patent Document 1 A power generation apparatus using a low boiling point medium that recovers heat energy from a low-temperature heat source that has not been used in geothermal power generation using a conventional steam turbine has recently attracted special attention as an energy recovery apparatus (Patent Document 1). reference).
- Fig. 7 shows a basic system diagram of a conventional power generator using a low boiling point medium.
- the evaporator 100 exchanges heat between a medium having a boiling point lower than that of water and a heat source, evaporates the medium, rotates the turbine 101 with the medium vapor, and rotates the generator 102 with the rotational force. Activate to get power.
- the medium leaving the turbine is condensed by the condenser 103 and sent to the evaporator 100 again by the circulation pump 104 via the preheater 105, and the above cycle is repeated.
- n-pentane (nC 5 H 12 ) is mainly used as a natural medium used under conditions of a geothermal heat source temperature of 130 to 140 ° C. and a cooling source temperature of 15 ° C. to 30 ° C.
- the condenser cooling source is generally circulating cooling water or air, the temperature of the cooling source differs greatly between winter and summer. Therefore, when the condenser is designed only based on the cooling capacity required in the summer, the cooling capacity of the condenser is further enhanced when the cooling source temperature decreases in the winter.
- Patent Documents 2 to 6 below are known as apparatuses for removing air mixed in a medium in an apparatus related to power generation.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a device including an air extraction device for extracting air from the discharge water of a condenser in a binary power generation device that uses water instead of a low boiling point medium.
- a working fluid obtained by mixing a high-boiling point medium and a low-boiling point medium is supplied from a steam generator 1 that heats a solution of the working fluid to generate steam, and the steam generator 1.
- Steam turbine 2 driven by steam, condenser 3 that cools the steam discharged from the steam turbine and condenses it into a solution, and supply pump that supplies the solution supplied from condenser 3 to steam generator 1 16 is a power system provided with a power cycle circuit 10 that circulates each in the order of 16, and in the condenser 3 so that the lowest pressure that can occur in the condenser 3 in the power cycle circuit 10 is a pressure near atmospheric pressure.
- a power system is disclosed in which the concentration of the low boiling medium of the working fluid is determined.
- Patent Document 4 a chamber having a piston inside is provided in the upper part of the condenser, and a valve connecting the space below the piston of the chamber and the condenser and the lower part of the chamber are cooled by a coolant through a wall.
- An apparatus comprising cooling means and a discharge valve connected to the lower part of the chamber is disclosed.
- a sealed chamber is provided at the top of the condenser, and this chamber is provided with a movable diaphragm that divides the inside of the chamber into an upper part and a lower part, and is arranged in series between the condenser and the lower part of the chamber.
- an apparatus including two flow control valves, a cooling means for cooling the lower part of the chamber with a coolant through a wall, and a discharge valve connected to the lower part of the chamber.
- JP 62-26304 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-120513 JP 2007-262909 A US Pat. No. 5,119,635 US Patent No. 5,113,927 US Pat. No. 5,487,765
- Patent Document 2 uses water as a medium, there is a problem that the heat source must be 100 ° C. or higher and a lower temperature heat source cannot be used.
- Patent Document 3 since the concentration of the low boiling point medium is determined so that the minimum pressure that can occur in the condenser in winter is a pressure close to atmospheric pressure, the condenser pressure in summer increases and the power generation efficiency increases. There has been a problem of lowering.
- Patent Documents 4, 5, and 6 disclose an apparatus for removing air from a medium, but the operation timing of the apparatus merely gives an example of periodically operating every 20 minutes. There was a problem that the air removal operation was performed more than necessary, and the amount of medium outflow increased.
- the present invention provides a mixed air removal device that can detect air mixed in a medium flow path of a power generation device and reduce the amount of working medium discharged outside the device without stopping the power generation device. It aims at providing the provided electric power generating apparatus.
- the present invention provides a heat exchanger for generating a medium gas by exchanging heat between a medium having a boiling point lower than that of water and a heat source, and a medium gas supplied from the heat exchanger.
- a turbine that rotates under pressure, a generator coupled to the turbine, a condenser that cools the medium gas discharged from the turbine, and the medium discharged from the condenser to the heat exchanger
- a power generation apparatus comprising: a circulation pump to be supplied; a medium flow path that circulates through the heat exchanger, the turbine, the condenser, and the circulation pump; and an air removal device that removes air mixed in the medium.
- the air removal device is configured to store a gas in a medium provided on the outlet side of the condenser, a pressure gauge that measures a pressure in the gas storage unit, and a temperature in the gas storage unit. With a thermometer to measure And calculating a pressure threshold value based on the saturated vapor pressure value of the medium calculated using the temperature of the thermometer, and comparing the pressure value of the pressure gauge with the pressure threshold value into the medium.
- a control unit that determines whether or not air is mixed, and a discharge unit that discharges the gas in the gas storage unit when it is determined that air is mixed.
- the discharge unit when the control unit determines that air is mixed in, includes a first container in which the gas stored in the gas storage unit is transferred, and a liquid medium in the first container.
- Medium supply means for supplying and compressing the gas, and exhausting the gas remaining in the first container after the medium supply.
- the medium supply means may comprise a liquid medium tank for storing the liquid medium, and a liquid medium supply pump for supplying the liquid medium from the liquid medium tank into the first container.
- the medium supply unit includes a valve provided on the outlet side of the circulation pump of the medium flow path, and a branch pipe that branches from a pipe between the circulation pump and the valve and connects the first container And the valve provided in the branch pipe, and the control unit closes the valve provided on the outlet side of the circulation pump of the medium flow path when it is determined that air is mixed, and the branch You may comprise so that control which opens the valve provided in piping may be performed.
- the discharge means is provided in a pipe connecting the first valve provided in a pipe connecting the gas storage part and the lower part of the first container, and a pipe connecting the liquid medium supply pump and the first container.
- the control unit determines that air is mixed, the control unit closes the second valve and the third valve, opens the first valve and the fifth valve, and allows the gas in the gas storage unit to flow.
- the first valve and the fifth valve are closed, the second valve is opened, and the liquid medium supply pump supplies the liquid medium to the first container to compress the gas. Then, the third valve is opened with the fourth valve closed to transfer the gas in the first container to the second container, and then the third valve is closed and the fourth valve is closed. Control is performed to open the valve and discharge the gas in the second container to the outside of the second container.
- the apparatus may further include a combustor that burns a medium remaining in the gas discharged from the second container, an air supply unit that supplies air to the combustor, and the combustor and the air.
- a pipe connected to the supply unit may include a sixth valve, and the control unit may control the opening degree of the fourth valve and the sixth valve to adjust the flow rate.
- control unit determines that air is mixed when the pressure value of the pressure gauge is larger than the pressure threshold value, and the pressure threshold value is calculated by adding a margin value to the saturated vapor pressure value.
- the margin value is a preset fixed value or a proportional value obtained by multiplying the saturated vapor pressure value by a coefficient.
- a spray nozzle for spraying the liquid medium into the first container.
- chlorofluorocarbons such as R245fa and organic low boiling point media such as n-pentane are used.
- the pressure threshold value obtained by adding a margin value to the saturated vapor pressure value of the medium calculated based on the temperature of the liquid phase part of the gas storage part and the pressure value of the gas phase part of the gas storage part are compared.
- the amount of working medium discharged outside the apparatus can be reduced.
- the fall of power generation efficiency by the air which is not condensed with a condenser mixes in a medium, and the condensation capability of a condenser falls can be prevented.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the volume ratio of n-pentane saturated in air using pressure and temperature as parameters. It is the figure which showed the volume ratio of each container of the apparatus which concerns on the Example of this invention, and the pentane accompanying rate. It is a figure which shows the structure of the electric power generating apparatus using the conventional general low boiling-point medium.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a mixed air removing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the condenser 103 in FIG. 1 corresponds to the condenser 103 in FIG.
- the gas storage part 1 is connected to the upper part of the outlet side collector of the condenser 103, and the air mixed in the medium is recovered in the gas storage part 1 through the outlet side collector.
- the gas reservoir 1 is provided with a thermometer 10 that measures the temperature in the gas reservoir 1 and a pressure gauge 11 that measures the pressure in the gas reservoir 1.
- the first container 2 is connected to the gas storage unit 1 through a valve 12 by piping. Furthermore, a pipe connecting the upper part of the first container 2 and the gas storage unit 1 is installed, and a valve 16 is installed in this pipe. A pressure gauge 7, a liquid level gauge (high liquid level) 8, and a liquid level gauge (low liquid level) 9 are installed in the first container 2 in order from the top of the container.
- the liquid medium supply pump 18 is connected to the inside of the first container 2 by piping via a liquid pentane flow meter 6 and a valve 13.
- a spray nozzle 25 is installed at the liquid pentane outlet of the pipe.
- the second container 3 is connected to the upper part of the first container 2 by piping through the valve 14.
- the combustor 4 includes a combustion catalyst therein, and a lower portion of the combustor 4 is connected to the second container 3 through a valve 15 by piping.
- the air supply means 19 is connected to the combustor 4 through a valve 17 by piping.
- the pentane supplied from the second container 3 is mixed with the air supplied from the air supply means 19 and burned by the combustion catalyst of the combustor 4 to become exhaust gas.
- the generated exhaust gas is released to the atmosphere.
- the combustor 4 is provided with a heater 4a for controlling the combustion catalyst to a predetermined temperature in order to make the combustion catalyst function.
- the combustor 4, the air supply unit 19, the valve 17, and the piping connecting them are not essential, and are not necessary when the gas discharged from the valve 15 is diluted with the atmosphere without being burned.
- the control unit 5 is connected to the thermometer 10, the pressure gauge 11, the pressure gauge 7, the liquid level gauge (high liquid level) 8, the liquid level gauge (low liquid level) 9, and the flow meter 6 through signal lines, respectively. A signal from each device is input to the control unit 5.
- the control unit 5 is connected to the valves 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17 by electric wiring, and controls the opening and closing of each valve.
- the circulation pump 104 is also used as the liquid medium supply pump 18, and the liquid medium tank 24 is replaced by a pipe between the condenser 103 and the circulation pump 104, A valve may be provided in the pipe, the pipe may be branched from between the valve and the circulation pump 104 and connected to the first container 2, and the valve 13 may be provided in the branch pipe.
- the control unit 5 executes the aeration detection step S1, the medium liquefaction step S2, and the discharge step S3 in this order. After the discharge step S3 is completed, the control unit 5 returns to the aeration detection step S1.
- the mixed air removal device may be operated at all times, but the pressure of the pressure gauge 11 has become the atmospheric pressure or lower (when the medium is n-pentane, the medium temperature is 36 ° C. or lower) after the previous operation. It is more desirable to operate it only when it is confirmed. This is because if the pressure in the medium flow path continues to be at or above atmospheric pressure, it is difficult for air to enter the medium flow path from the outside air.
- the control unit 5 acquires a signal from the pressure gauge 11 installed in the gas phase part of the gas storage unit 1 and a signal from the thermometer 10 installed in the liquid phase part of the gas storage unit 1, and based on the temperature of the thermometer.
- the pressure threshold value obtained by adding a margin value to the saturated vapor pressure value of the medium calculated in this way is calculated. Then, when the pressure value of the pressure gauge 11 is equal to or lower than the pressure threshold value, the measurement of the pressure value and the temperature is continued.
- the margin value is a fixed value or a proportional value obtained by multiplying the saturated vapor pressure value of the medium calculated based on the temperature of the thermometer by a coefficient.
- the saturated vapor pressure (Ps) at the temperature (T1) is calculated using the following formula 1.
- Ps 0.0003 (T1) 3 +0.0159 (T1) 2 +1.1844 (T1) +24.316 (Formula 1)
- the margin value is determined through several tests in consideration of the number and condition of joints. For example, in the case of a fixed value, it is about 10% at 1 atmosphere. In the case of a proportional value, the coefficient is set to about 0.1.
- the medium liquefaction step S2 will be described.
- the air-containing gas stored in the gas storage unit is transferred to the first container 2, the gas is compressed by adding a liquid medium to the first container 2, and the medium in the gas is liquefied. Reduce the amount of media.
- the valves 12 and 16 are opened, and air-containing gas is supplied from the gas reservoir 1. Move to first container 2.
- the detection value of the liquid level gauge (low liquid level) 9 for measuring the liquid level of the medium in the first container 2 is equal to or higher than a predetermined low liquid level threshold
- the valves 12 and 16 are kept open.
- the detected value of the liquid level gauge (low liquid level) 9 becomes lower than a predetermined low liquid level threshold
- the valves 12 and 16 are closed and the first container 2 is sealed.
- the valve 13 is opened, and the liquid medium is supplied from the liquid medium tank 24 to the first container 2 by the liquid medium supply pump 18. While the detection value of the liquid level gauge (high liquid level) 8 is equal to or lower than a predetermined high liquid level threshold, the state in which the valve 13 is opened is continued.
- T2 T1 ⁇ [P2 / P1] (k-1) / mk (Equation 2)
- T2 Gas temperature after compression (K)
- T1 Gas temperature before compression (K)
- P2 Gas pressure after compression (mPa)
- P1 Gas pressure before compression (mPa)
- k Specific heat ratio
- m Number of compression stages For example, when 30 ° C. air saturated with pentane is adiabatically compressed from 101 kPa to 1 MPa, the temperature difference ( ⁇ T) is 83 ° C.
- this temperature rise can be suppressed by injecting into the first container 2 liquid pentane that has been refined by a spray nozzle.
- a part of n-pentane saturated with the air-containing gas can be cooled, liquefied and recovered. If spray injection is performed, the temperature in the 1st container 2 can be rapidly reduced rather than the method of injecting liquid pentane without spraying.
- the discharging process S3 will be described.
- the counter is initialized to zero.
- the first container 2 and the second container 3 are communicated, and a part of the gas compressed in the first container 2 is moved to the second container 3.
- the state in which the valve 15 is closed and the valve 14 is opened is continued for a predetermined time. Thereafter, the valve 14 is closed.
- valve 15 When the gas discharged from the valve 15 is diluted in the atmosphere without burning, the valve 15 may be opened to release the gas to the atmosphere as it is.
- the combustor 4 includes a ceramic honeycomb filter in which platinum fine particles are supported as a combustion catalyst. In a state where the inside of the combustor 4 is heated to 200 to 350 ° C.
- the valve 17 and the valve 15 are opened, and gas and air are supplied to the combustor 4 to burn the medium. This state is continued for a predetermined time. Thereafter, the valve 15 and the valve 17 are closed. Thereafter, 1 is added to the counter, and when the counter is less than the predetermined number N times, the process returns as shown in FIG. If the counter is greater than or equal to the predetermined number N times, the loop is exited.
- the number N is appropriately set according to the volume and pressure of the compressed gas in the first container 2 and the volume of the second container 3. Combustion of the gas in the combustor 4 is not essential for removing air mixed in the medium flow path from the medium flow path, but when a combustible gas medium is used, it is released as it is to the atmosphere. Can be prevented.
- the pressure is released from the first container 2 to the gas reservoir 1 and the medium is moved. Specifically, the valve 16 and the valve 12 are opened, and the valve 16 and the valve 12 are closed after a predetermined time has elapsed. Then, the process returns to the air mixing detection step S1.
- Equation 3 The reason why the amount of medium in the mixed gas can be reduced by compressing the mixed gas of air and medium will be described below.
- the amount Fst of n-pentane saturated with air can be expressed by the following Equation 3.
- Fst Fa ⁇ (Ps / (Pc ⁇ Ps)) (Equation 3)
- Fst Standard state quantity of n-pentane saturated in air at temperature t (Nm 3 )
- Fa Standard state quantity of air (Nm 3 )
- Ps saturated vapor pressure of n-pentane at temperature t (kPa)
- Pc Operating pressure (kPa)
- FIG. 5 shows the result of calculating the volume ratio of n-pentane saturated in the air from Equation 3 using the pressure and temperature as parameters.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the volume ratio of each container of the apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention and the pentane incident rate as an example in the case where the temperature is constant at 30 ° C.
- C0 represents the volume of the gas reservoir 1
- C1 represents the volume of the first container 2
- C2 represents the volume of the second container 3.
- the amount of n-pentane combusted in the combustor 4 is important in terms of operation management because it greatly varies depending on the ratio of the volume C1 of the first container 2 and the volume C2 of the second container 3. That is, the air accumulated and compressed in the first container 2 is saturated with n-pentane in the compressed pressure state.
- Gas storage part 2 First container 3: Second container 4: Combustor (combustion catalyst filling) 4a: heater 5: control unit 6: flow meter of liquid pentane 7: pressure gauge of the first container 8: liquid level gauge of the first container (high liquid level) 9: Level gauge of the first container (low liquid level) 10: Thermometer in gas reservoir 11: Pressure gauge in gas reservoir 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17: Valve 18: Liquid medium supply pump 24: Liquid medium tank 25: Spray nozzle 19: Air supply section S1 : Air mixing detection step S2: Medium liquefaction step S3: Discharge step 100: Evaporator 101: Turbine 102: Generator 103: Condenser 104: Circulation pump 105: Preheater
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Abstract
Description
そこで、発電に関係する装置において媒体に混入する空気を除去する装置として、下記特許文献2から6が知られている。
上記特許文献3は、冬季に復水器で起こりうる最低圧力が大気圧近傍圧力になるように低沸点媒体の濃度が決定されているので、夏季の復水器の圧力が高くなり、発電効率が低下するという課題があった。
上記課題を鑑み、本発明は、発電装置を停止することなしに、発電装置の媒体流路に混入した空気を検出し、装置外へ排出される作動媒体の量を低減できる混入空気除去装置を備えた発電装置を提供することを目的とする。
また、前記制御部は、空気が混入したと判定した場合に、前記第2弁と前記第3弁と閉じ、前記第1弁と前記第5弁とを開いて前記ガス貯留部内の前記ガスを前記第1容器へ移送した後、前記第1弁と前記第5弁を閉じて前記第2弁を開いて前記液状媒体供給ポンプで前記第1容器に液体の媒体を供給して前記ガスを圧縮し、次に、前記第4弁を閉じた状態で前記第3弁を開いて前記第1容器内の前記ガスを前記第2容器へ移送させた後、前記第3弁を閉じて前記第4弁を開いて前記第2容器内の前記ガスを前記第2容器の外へ排出する制御を行うことを特徴とする。
Ps=0.0003(T1)3+0.0159(T1)2+1.1844(T1)+24.316・・・(式1)
余裕値は、継手の数や状態を考慮して何回かの試験を経て決める。例えば、固定値の場合は、1気圧時の10%程度とする。比例値とする場合は、前記係数を0.1程度とする。
T2=T1×[P2/P1](k-1)/mk・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(式2)
T2:圧縮後のガスの温度(K)
T1:圧縮前のガス温度(K)
P2:圧縮後のガスの圧力(mPa)
P1:圧縮前のガス圧力(mPa)
k:比熱比
m:圧縮段数
例えば、ペンタンで飽和した30℃の空気を101kPaから1MPaに断熱圧縮すると、上昇温度差(ΔT)は83℃である。単に液体ペンタンを第1容器2内へ注入するのではなく、スプレーノズルで微細化した液体ペンタンを第1容器2内に注入することで、この温度上昇を抑制できる。空気含有ガスに飽和していたn-ペンタンの一部は、冷却されて液化し、回収できる。スプレー注入を行えば、スプレーする事なく液体ペンタンを注入する方法より第1容器2内の温度を速やかに低下できる。
Fst=Fa×(Ps/(Pc-Ps))・・・・・・・・・・・・・(式3)
Fst:温度tで空気に飽和するn-ペンタンの標準状態量(Nm3)
Fa:空気の標準状態量(Nm3)
Ps:温度tでのn-ペンタンの飽和蒸気圧(kPa)
Pc:運転圧力(kPa)
この式3から、空気中に飽和するn-ペンタンの容積比率に関して、圧力と温度をパラメーターとして計算した結果を図5に示す。図5から解るように、圧力が高い程、また温度が低い程、空気に飽和するペンタンが少ない事がわかる。特に圧力を高くする事は空気に飽和して系外へ持ち出されるn-ペンタンを少なくする上で極めて有効である事がわかる。
2:第1容器
3:第2容器
4:燃焼器(燃焼触媒充填)
4a:ヒーター
5:制御部
6:液体ペンタンの流量計
7:第1容器の圧力計
8:第1容器の液面計(高液面)
9:第1容器の液面計(低液面)
10:ガス貯留部の温度計
11:ガス貯留部の圧力計
12,13,14,15,16,17:弁
18:液状媒体供給ポンプ
24:液状媒体タンク
25:スプレーノズル
19:空気供給部
S1:空気混入検出工程
S2:媒体液化工程
S3:排出工程
100:蒸発器
101:タービン
102:発電機
103:凝縮器
104:循環ポンプ
105:予熱器
Claims (11)
- 水よりも沸点が低い媒体と熱源との間で熱交換し媒体ガスを発生させる熱交換器と、
前記熱交換器から供給される前記媒体ガスの圧力を受けて回転するタービンと、
前記タービンに連結された発電機と、
前記タービンから排出された前記媒体ガスを冷却する凝縮器と、
前記凝縮器から排出された前記媒体を前記熱交換器に供給する循環ポンプと、
前記熱交換器と前記タービンと前記凝縮器と前記循環ポンプとを循環する媒体流路と、
前記媒体に混入した空気を除去する空気除去装置と
を備えた発電装置において、
前記空気除去装置は、
前記凝縮器の出口側に設けられた媒体中のガスを貯留するガス貯留部と、
前記ガス貯留部中の圧力を測定する圧力計と、
前記ガス貯留部中の温度を測定する温度計と、
前記温度計の温度を用いて算出された前記媒体の飽和蒸気圧値に基づいて圧力閾値を算出し、前記圧力計の圧力値と前記圧力閾値とを比較して媒体中へ空気が混入したか否かを判定する制御部と、
空気が混入したと判定された場合に、前記ガス貯留部のガスを排出する排出手段を備えたことを特徴とする発電装置。 - 前記排出手段は、
前記制御部により空気が混入したと判定された場合に、前記ガス貯留部に貯留された前記ガスが移送される第1容器と、
前記第1容器に液状の媒体を供給して前記ガスを圧縮する媒体供給手段と、を備え、
前記媒体供給後に、前記第1容器内に残留したガスを排出することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の発電装置。 - 前記媒体供給手段は、前記液状の媒体を貯留する液状媒体タンクと、前記液状媒体タンクから前記液状の媒体を前記第1容器内に供給する液状媒体供給ポンプとを備えたことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の発電装置。
- 前記排出手段は、
前記ガス貯留部と前記第1容器の下部との間を接続する配管に設けた第1弁と、
前記液状媒体供給ポンプと前記第1容器とを接続する配管に設けた第2弁と、
前記第1容器上部と第2容器とを接続する配管に設けた第3弁と、
前記第2容器から前記ガスを排気する第4弁と、
前記ガス貯留部と前記第1容器の上部とを接続する配管に設けられた第5弁と、
を備えたことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の発電装置。 - 前記制御部は、空気が混入したと判定した場合に、
前記第2弁と前記第3弁と閉じ、前記第1弁と前記第5弁とを開いて前記ガス貯留部内の前記ガスを前記第1容器へ移送した後、前記第1弁と前記第5弁を閉じて前記第2弁を開いて前記液状媒体供給ポンプで前記第1容器に液体の媒体を供給して前記ガスを圧縮し、
次に、前記第4弁を閉じた状態で前記第3弁を開いて前記第1容器内の前記ガスを前記第2容器へ移送させた後、前記第3弁を閉じて前記第4弁を開いて前記第2容器内の前記ガスを前記第2容器の外へ排出する制御を行うことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の発電装置。 - 前記第2容器から排出された前記ガス中に残留する媒体を燃焼する燃焼器と、
前記燃焼器に空気を供給する空気供給部と、を備えたことを特徴とする請求項4または5に記載に記載の発電装置。 - 前記燃焼器と前記空気供給部とを接続する配管に第6弁を備え、
前記制御部は、前記第4弁と前記第6弁の開度を制御し流量調整を行なうことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の発電装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記圧力計の圧力値が前記圧力閾値より大きい場合に、空気が混入したと判定することを特徴とする請求項1から7の何れか一項に記載の発電装置。
- 前記圧力閾値は、前記飽和蒸気圧値に余裕値を加算して算出され、
前記余裕値は、予め設定された固定値、もしくは、前記飽和蒸気圧値に係数を乗じた比例値であることを特徴とする請求項1から8の何れか一項に記載の発電装置。 - 前記液状の媒体を前記第1容器内に散布するスプレーノズルを備えたことを特徴とする請求項2から7の何れか一項に記載の発電装置。
- 前記媒体供給手段は、前記媒体流路の前記循環ポンプの出口側に設けられた弁と、前記循環ポンプと前記弁の間の配管から分岐して前記第1容器とを接続する分岐配管と、前記分岐配管に設けられた弁とからなり、
前記制御部は、前記空気混入を検出した場合に、前記媒体流路の前記循環ポンプの出口側に設けられた弁を閉じ、前記分岐配管に設けた弁を開く制御を行うことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の発電装置。
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