WO2013011966A1 - 内燃機関 - Google Patents
内燃機関 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013011966A1 WO2013011966A1 PCT/JP2012/068009 JP2012068009W WO2013011966A1 WO 2013011966 A1 WO2013011966 A1 WO 2013011966A1 JP 2012068009 W JP2012068009 W JP 2012068009W WO 2013011966 A1 WO2013011966 A1 WO 2013011966A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- combustion chamber
- combustion engine
- internal combustion
- receiving antenna
- antenna
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P23/00—Other ignition
- F02P23/04—Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays
- F02P23/045—Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays using electromagnetic microwaves
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/46—Generating plasma using applied electromagnetic fields, e.g. high frequency or microwave energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/46—Generating plasma using applied electromagnetic fields, e.g. high frequency or microwave energy
- H05H1/461—Microwave discharges
- H05H1/463—Microwave discharges using antennas or applicators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P15/00—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits
- F02P15/04—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits one of the spark electrodes being mounted on the engine working piston
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine that promotes combustion of an air-fuel mixture in a combustion chamber using electromagnetic waves.
- the internal combustion engine described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-113570 includes an ignition device that emits microwaves to a combustion chamber before and after ignition of an air-fuel mixture to generate plasma discharge.
- the ignition device creates a local plasma using the discharge of the ignition plug so that the plasma is generated in a high pressure field, and this plasma is grown by the microwave. Local plasma is generated in the discharge gap between the tip of the anode terminal and the ground terminal.
- the present invention has been made in view of such points, and an object of the present invention is to increase the propagation speed of a flame in a region near the outer periphery of the combustion chamber in an internal combustion engine that promotes the combustion of air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber using electromagnetic waves. Is to increase.
- an internal combustion engine body having a combustion chamber formed therein, and an ignition device that ignites an air-fuel mixture at a central portion of the combustion chamber, and the air-fuel mixture is ignited by the ignition device to burn the air-fuel mixture
- An internal combustion engine in which a combustion cycle is repeatedly performed and includes an electromagnetic wave radiation device that radiates electromagnetic waves from a radiation antenna to the combustion chamber, and a partition member that partitions the combustion chamber, wherein the region near the outer periphery of the combustion chamber is partitioned
- a receiving antenna that resonates with electromagnetic waves radiated from the radiating antenna to the combustion chamber, and from the radiating antenna to the combustion chamber during propagation of a flame after the mixture is ignited by the ignition device
- a plurality of the receiving antennas are arranged in parallel on the partition member.
- the receiving antenna is provided on an insulating layer laminated on a surface of the partition member on the combustion chamber side.
- the covering layer constituted by an insulator, the receiving antenna, and the insulator
- the configured support layer is laminated, and the covering layer is thinner than the support layer.
- the thickness of the coating layer decreases from the inside to the outside of the combustion chamber.
- a sixth invention is the third, fourth, or fifth invention, wherein the insulating layer is provided in a groove formed in the partition member along a circumferential direction of the combustion chamber, and the receiving antenna is In the insulating layer, the groove extends between the inner wall and the outer wall of the groove along the groove.
- the distance between the outer periphery of the receiving antenna and the outer wall of the groove is shorter than the distance between the inner periphery of the receiving antenna and the inner wall of the groove.
- the insulating layer is provided with a plurality of receiving antennas at intervals in the thickness direction.
- the plurality of receiving antennas are connected by a pressure equalizing conductor that equalizes a voltage at a connection position at at least one position.
- the receiving antenna is provided in a region near the outer periphery of the top of the piston, which is one of the partition members.
- the receiving antenna is provided on a gasket which is one of the partition members.
- the receiving antenna is formed in a ring shape extending in the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber.
- the receiving antenna is formed in a ring shape extending in the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber, and the ring-shaped receiving antennas having different diameters are multiplexed on the top of the piston. Is provided.
- a cross-sectional area of a conductor constituting the receiving antenna is changed in a circumferential direction thereof.
- a plurality of broken line portions for concentrating the electric field are formed on the inner periphery or the outer periphery of the ring-shaped receiving antenna.
- the receiving antenna is provided on an insulating member laminated on a top surface of the piston, and is formed on a top surface of the piston on the piston side of the insulating member. A convex portion that meshes with the concave portion is formed.
- the radiating antenna is provided in a cylinder head.
- a strong electric field region is formed in a region near the outer periphery of the combustion chamber during the propagation of the flame.
- a strong electric field region is formed in a region near the outer periphery when the flame passes through a region near the outer periphery of the combustion chamber, the flame receives the energy of electromagnetic waves and the propagation speed of the flame increases.
- the electromagnetic wave energy is large, plasma is generated in a region near the combustion chamber.
- active species for example, OH radicals
- the propagation speed of the flame increases due to the active species.
- the flame propagation speed can be increased in the region near the outer periphery of the combustion chamber.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an internal combustion engine according to an embodiment. It is a front view of the ceiling surface of the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine which concerns on embodiment. It is a block diagram of the ignition device and electromagnetic wave radiation device concerning an embodiment. It is a front view of the top surface of the piston which concerns on embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part of another form of the internal combustion engine which concerns on embodiment. It is a front view of another form of the top surface of the piston which concerns on embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part of the internal combustion engine which concerns on the modification 2 of embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part of the internal combustion engine which concerns on the modification 3 of embodiment.
- the present embodiment is an internal combustion engine 10 according to the present invention.
- the internal combustion engine 10 is a reciprocating type internal combustion engine in which a piston 23 reciprocates.
- the internal combustion engine 10 includes an internal combustion engine main body 11, an ignition device 12, and an electromagnetic wave emission device 13.
- a combustion cycle in which the air-fuel mixture is ignited by the ignition device 12 and the air-fuel mixture is combusted is repeatedly performed.
- the internal combustion engine main body 11 includes a cylinder block 21, a cylinder head 22, and a piston 23 as shown in FIG.
- a plurality of cylinders 24 having a circular cross section are formed in the cylinder block 21.
- a piston 23 is provided in each cylinder 24 so as to reciprocate.
- the piston 23 is connected to the crankshaft via a connecting rod (not shown).
- the crankshaft is rotatably supported by the cylinder block 21.
- the cylinder head 22 is placed on the cylinder block 21 with the gasket 18 in between.
- the cylinder head 22, together with the cylinder 24, the piston 23, and the gasket 18, constitutes a partition member that partitions the combustion chamber 20 having a circular cross section.
- the diameter of the combustion chamber 20 is, for example, about half of the wavelength of the microwave radiated to the combustion chamber 20 by the electromagnetic wave emission device 13 described later.
- the cylinder head 22 is provided with one spark plug 40 that constitutes a part of the ignition device 12 for each cylinder 24.
- the tip exposed to the combustion chamber 20 is located at the center of the ceiling surface 51 of the combustion chamber 20 (the surface exposed to the combustion chamber 20 in the cylinder head 22).
- the outer periphery of the distal end portion of the spark plug 40 is circular as viewed from the axial direction.
- a center electrode 40 a and a ground electrode 40 b are provided at the tip of the spark plug 40.
- a discharge gap is formed between the tip of the ground electrode 40b and the tip of the center electrode 40a.
- An intake port 25 and an exhaust port 26 are formed in the cylinder head 22 for each cylinder 24.
- the intake port 25 is provided with an intake valve 27 that opens and closes an intake side opening 25a of the intake port 25, and an injector 29 that injects fuel.
- the exhaust port 26 is provided with an exhaust valve 28 for opening and closing the exhaust side opening 26 a of the exhaust port 26.
- the intake port 25 is designed so that a strong tumble flow is formed in the combustion chamber 20.
- each ignition device 12 is provided for each combustion chamber 20. As shown in FIG. 3, each ignition device 12 includes an ignition coil 14 that outputs a high voltage pulse, and an ignition plug 40 that is supplied with the high voltage pulse output from the ignition coil 14.
- the ignition coil 14 is connected to a DC power source (not shown).
- the ignition coil 14 boosts the voltage applied from the DC power supply, and outputs the boosted high voltage pulse to the center electrode 40 a of the spark plug 40.
- the spark plug 40 when a high voltage pulse is applied to the center electrode 40a, dielectric breakdown occurs in the discharge gap and spark discharge occurs. A discharge plasma is generated in the discharge path of the spark discharge. A negative voltage is applied to the center electrode 40a as a high voltage pulse.
- the ignition device 12 may include a plasma expansion unit that supplies electric energy to the discharge plasma to expand the discharge plasma.
- a plasma expansion part expands a spark discharge by supplying high frequency (for example, microwave) energy to discharge plasma, for example. According to the plasma expansion part, it is possible to improve the stability of ignition with respect to a lean air-fuel mixture.
- the electromagnetic wave emission device 13 may be used as the plasma expansion unit.
- the electromagnetic wave radiation device 13 includes an electromagnetic wave generator 31, an electromagnetic wave switch 32, and a radiation antenna 16.
- the electromagnetic wave generation device 31 and the electromagnetic wave switch 32 are provided one by one, and the radiation antenna 16 is provided for each combustion chamber 20.
- the electromagnetic wave generator 31 When receiving the electromagnetic wave drive signal from the control device 35, the electromagnetic wave generator 31 repeatedly outputs a microwave pulse at a predetermined duty ratio.
- the electromagnetic wave drive signal is a pulse signal.
- the electromagnetic wave generator 31 repeatedly outputs the microwave pulse over the time of the pulse width of the electromagnetic wave drive signal.
- a semiconductor oscillator In the electromagnetic wave generator 31, a semiconductor oscillator generates a microwave pulse. In place of the semiconductor oscillator, another oscillator such as a magnetron may be used.
- the electromagnetic wave switch 32 includes one input terminal and a plurality of output terminals provided for each radiation antenna 16.
- the input terminal is connected to the electromagnetic wave generator 31.
- Each output terminal is connected to a corresponding radiation antenna 16.
- the electromagnetic wave switch 32 is controlled by the control device 35 and sequentially switches the supply destination of the microwaves output from the electromagnetic wave generator 31 between the plurality of radiation antennas 16.
- the radiation antenna 16 is provided on the ceiling surface 51 of the combustion chamber 20.
- the radiation antenna 16 is formed in an annular shape in a front view of the ceiling surface 51 of the combustion chamber 20 and surrounds the tip of the spark plug 40.
- the radiating antenna 16 may be formed in a C shape in a front view of the ceiling surface 51 of the combustion chamber 20.
- the radiation antenna 16 is laminated on an annular insulating layer 19 formed around the mounting hole of the spark plug 40 in the ceiling surface 51 of the combustion chamber 20.
- the insulating layer 19 is formed, for example, by spraying an insulator by thermal spraying.
- the radiating antenna 16 is electrically insulated from the cylinder head 22 by the insulating layer 19.
- the length in the circumferential direction of the radiation antenna 16 (the length of the center line between the outer circumference and the inner circumference) is set to a length that is half the wavelength of the microwave radiated from the radiation antenna 16.
- the radiation antenna 16 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the electromagnetic wave switch 32 through a microwave transmission line 33 embedded in the cylinder head 22.
- a plurality of receiving antennas 52 that resonate with microwaves radiated from the radiating antenna 16 to the combustion chamber 20 are provided in a partition member that divides the combustion chamber 20.
- two receiving antennas 52 a and 52 b are provided in a portion of the partition member that partitions a region near the outer periphery of the combustion chamber 20.
- the region near the outer periphery of the combustion chamber 20 is a region outside the center of the combustion chamber 20 and the middle of the outer periphery.
- a period during which the flame passes through the region near the outer periphery is referred to as a “second half period of flame propagation”.
- the length L of the receiving antenna 52 satisfies the relationship of Equation 1 where n is the wavelength of the microwave radiated from the radiation antenna 16 to the combustion chamber 20 (n is a natural number).
- Each receiving antenna 52a, 52b is provided in a region near the outer periphery of the top of the piston 23, as shown in FIGS.
- the region near the outer periphery of the top portion of the piston 23 is a region outside the center of the top portion of the piston 23 and the middle of the outer periphery.
- Each of the receiving antennas 52 a and 52 b is formed in a ring shape (annular shape) extending in the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber 20, and the center thereof coincides with the central axis of the piston 23.
- the two receiving antennas 52a and 52b have different diameters and are arranged side by side so as to form a double ring.
- the two receiving antennas 52a and 52b are arranged coaxially.
- the outer side constitutes the first receiving antenna 52a and the inner side constitutes the second receiving antenna 52b.
- the distance X between the first receiving antenna 52a and the second receiving antenna 52b satisfies the relationship of Equation 2 when the wavelength of the microwave radiated from the radiation antenna 16 to the combustion chamber 20 is ⁇ .
- Formula 2 ⁇ / 16 ⁇ X ⁇ 2 ⁇ / 3
- Each receiving antenna 52a, 52b is provided on an insulating layer 56 laminated on the top surface of the piston 23 (surface on the combustion chamber side of the partition member). Each of the receiving antennas 52a and 52b is electrically insulated from the piston 23 by the insulating layer 56, and is provided in an electrically floating state.
- the number of receiving antennas 52 provided on the top of the piston 23 may be one.
- the center of the receiving antenna 52 may be deviated from the central axis of the piston 23 regardless of whether the number of the receiving antennas 52 provided on the top of the piston 23 is one or more.
- the center of the receiving antenna 52 is shifted to the exhaust side from the center of the piston 23 as shown in FIG. For this reason, during the microwave radiation period, the flame surface passes through the exhaust side and the intake side of the receiving antenna 52 at substantially the same timing.
- the plurality of ring-shaped receiving antennas 52a and 52b may not be arranged coaxially.
- the center of the inner ring-shaped receiving antenna 52b may be shifted toward the intake side opening 25a.
- the electric field at the intake side opening 25a can be strengthened.
- the operation of the control device 35 will be described.
- the control device 35 performs a first operation for instructing the ignition device 12 to ignite the air-fuel mixture in one combustion cycle for each combustion chamber 20, and a microwave is applied to the electromagnetic wave emission device 13 after the ignition of the air-fuel mixture.
- a second operation for instructing radiation is performed.
- control device 35 performs the first operation at the ignition timing at which the piston 23 is positioned before the compression top dead center.
- the control device 35 outputs an ignition signal as the first operation.
- spark discharge occurs in the discharge gap of the spark plug 40 as described above.
- the air-fuel mixture is ignited by spark discharge.
- the flame spreads from the ignition position of the air-fuel mixture at the center of the combustion chamber 20 toward the wall surface of the cylinder 24.
- the control device 35 performs the second operation after the air-fuel mixture has ignited, for example, at the start timing of the second half period of flame propagation.
- the control device 35 outputs an electromagnetic wave drive signal as the second operation.
- the control device 35 constitutes control means for controlling the electromagnetic wave radiation device 13 so that microwaves are emitted from the radiation antenna 16 to the combustion chamber 20 during the propagation of the flame after the air-fuel mixture is ignited by the ignition device 12. ing.
- the electromagnetic wave radiation device 13 When receiving the electromagnetic wave drive signal, the electromagnetic wave radiation device 13 repeatedly radiates the microwave pulse from the radiation antenna 16 as described above.
- the microwave pulse is emitted repeatedly over the second half of the flame propagation.
- the output timing and pulse width of the electromagnetic wave drive signal are set so that the microwave pulse is repeatedly emitted over a period in which the flame passes through a region near the outer periphery of the top surface of the piston 23.
- the microwave pulse resonates.
- a strong electric field region having a relatively strong electric field strength is formed in the combustion chamber 20 throughout the latter half of the flame propagation.
- the propagation speed of the flame is increased by receiving microwave energy when the flame passes through the strong electric field region.
- a strong electric field region is formed in a region near the outer periphery of the combustion chamber 20 during the propagation of the flame. Therefore, the flame propagation speed can be increased in the region near the outer periphery of the combustion chamber 20.
- the electromagnetic wave radiation device 13 is configured such that microwave plasma is generated by the microwave radiated from the radiation antenna 16.
- the energy per unit time of the microwave oscillated from the electromagnetic wave generator 31 is set so that microwave plasma is generated in the vicinity of each receiving antenna 52 by the microwave radiated from the radiation antenna 16.
- the electromagnetic wave emission device 13 repeatedly emits a microwave pulse, for example, during the second half period of flame propagation. In the vicinity of each receiving antenna 52, microwave plasma is generated throughout the second half of the flame propagation period. Since active species (for example, OH radicals) are generated in the generation region of the microwave plasma, the propagation speed of the flame passing through the generation region of the microwave plasma is increased by the active species.
- active species for example, OH radicals
- the electromagnetic wave emission device 13 may repeatedly emit a microwave pulse, for example, in the first half period of flame propagation. In that case, microwave plasma is generated in the first half of the flame propagation.
- the moving speed of the flame passing through the region near the outer periphery of the combustion chamber 20 is increased by the active species generated in the first half period of the flame propagation.
- the internal combustion engine 10 also includes a plasma discharge device that generates a discharge in a region near the outer periphery of the combustion chamber 20 during the microwave emission period in order to reduce the energy of the microwave radiated from the radiation antenna 16. It may be.
- the discharge device generates a discharge by applying a high voltage pulse between a pair of electrodes.
- a pair of electrodes for example, one first electrode is provided on the cylinder head 22, and the other second electrode is provided on the top surface of the piston 23.
- a 2nd electrode is provided in the top part of the convex part provided in the top surface of piston 23 so that the distance with a 1st electrode may become short.
- a plurality of receiving antennas 52 arranged coaxially are provided on the top surface of the piston 23.
- the plurality of receiving antennas 52 have different resonance frequencies.
- the electromagnetic wave generator 31 changes the oscillation frequency of the microwave so that the inner receiving antenna 52 resonates earlier during the propagation of the flame.
- a strong electric field region is formed in the vicinity in order from the inner receiving antenna 52. In the vicinity of each receiving antenna 52, the moving speed of the flame surface is increased.
- the inner insulating layer 56b on which the second receiving antenna 52b is stacked is thicker than the outer insulating layer 56a on which the first receiving antenna 52a is stacked.
- the receiving antenna 52 is grounded via a diode.
- the second receiving antenna 52b is grounded via a diode, but only the first receiving antenna 52a may be grounded via a diode, or all the receiving antennas 52a and 52b may be grounded. It may be grounded through a diode.
- a ring-shaped receiving antenna 52 is provided on the inner peripheral portion of the gasket 18.
- a plurality of ring-shaped receiving antennas 52 may be provided on the gasket 18 at intervals in the thickness direction of the gasket 18.
- a receiving antenna 52 may be provided on the top surface of the piston 23.
- the reception antenna 52 is arranged just inside the region where the squish flow is generated. Therefore, the microwave plasma generated near the receiving antenna 52 is moved inward by the squish flow. Active species generated in the plasma region diffuse.
- the receiving antenna 52 is embedded in the insulating layer 56.
- the insulating layer 56 is made of, for example, ceramic.
- a coating layer 56 a made of an insulator, a receiving antenna 52, and a support layer 56 b made of an insulator are stacked in order from the combustion chamber 20 side.
- the support layer 56 is laminated on a partition member such as the piston 23.
- the coating layer 56a is thinner than the support layer 56b. Therefore, when the receiving antenna 52 is protected by an insulator, the electric field on the combustion chamber 23 side can be suppressed from being weakened.
- the receiving antenna 52 is doubled on the top of the piston 23.
- the two receiving antennas 52 are covered with a covering layer 56a.
- the thickness of the coating layer 56a decreases from the inside to the outside of the combustion chamber 20.
- the electric field when microwaves are radiated into the combustion chamber 20 is stronger on the outer side than on the inner side. Therefore, the flame propagation speed can be effectively improved outside the combustion chamber 20.
- the insulating layer 56 is provided in the groove portion 70 formed along the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber 20 in the piston 23 (partition member).
- the receiving antenna 52 extends along the groove 70 between the inner wall 121 and the outer wall 122 of the groove 70 in the insulating layer 56.
- an electric field is formed in the vertical direction between the reception antenna 52 and the wall surfaces 121 and 122 of the groove portion 70 on the inside and outside of the reception antenna 52. Therefore, the propagation speed of the flame can be effectively improved by the electric field in the vicinity of the receiving antenna 52.
- the distance A between the outer periphery of the receiving antenna 52 and the outer wall 122 of the groove 70 is shorter than the distance B between the inner periphery of the receiving antenna 52 and the inner wall 121 of the groove 70. For this reason, since the electric field is stronger on the outer side than the inner side of the receiving antenna 52, the flame propagation speed can be improved in the vicinity of the wall surface of the combustion chamber 20. -Variation 9 of the embodiment-
- the two receiving antennas 52 are connected to each other by a columnar pressure equalizing conductor 80 that equalizes the voltage at the connection point at at least one point.
- the pressure equalizing conductor 80 is provided between the two receiving antennas 52 in the circumferential direction of the receiving antenna 52 at intervals of a quarter of the wavelength of the microwave in the receiving antenna 52. Yes.
- a plurality of receiving antennas 52 may be provided in multiple layers.
- the plurality of receiving antennas 52 are provided at intervals in the thickness direction of the gasket 18 made of an insulator.
- the pressure equalizing conductor 80 may be provided.
- the ring-shaped receiving antenna 52 has a cross-sectional area of a conductor constituting the receiving antenna 52 changed in the circumferential direction.
- the receiving antenna 52 is provided with convex portions 120 protruding toward the piston 23 at equal intervals, and the cross-sectional area of the conductor is changed in the convex portion 120.
- the thickness of the convex portion 120 is larger than that between the convex portions 120.
- the cross-sectional area of the conductor may be changed by changing the width of the receiving antenna 52.
- the receiving antenna 52 is formed in a gear shape in plan view.
- the cross-sectional area of the conductor may be changed by providing the receiving antenna 52 with a disk portion 140 having a diameter larger than the width of the adjacent portion 141.
- the cross-sectional area of the conductor constituting the receiving antenna 52 may be changed only on the intake side opening side 25a.
- a plurality of broken line portions 85 for concentrating the electric field are formed on the outer periphery of the ring-shaped receiving antenna 52.
- the electric field concentrates on the broken line portion 85 in the reception antenna 52. Therefore, when plasma is generated by microwaves, plasma can be generated with less energy.
- the broken line portion 85 is provided only on the intake side opening side 25a, but the broken line portion 85 may be provided in other locations. Further, a broken line portion 85 may be formed on the inner periphery of the ring-shaped receiving antenna 52.
- the receiving antenna 52 is provided on an insulating member 90 made of, for example, ceramic laminated on the top surface of the piston 23.
- an insulating member 90 made of, for example, ceramic laminated on the top surface of the piston 23.
- a plurality of convex portions 92 that mesh with the concave portions 91 formed on the top surface of the piston 23 are formed.
- the insulating member 90 can be made difficult to peel off from the piston 23.
- a cushion layer 95 that is softer than the piston 23 may be provided between the piston 23 and the insulating member 90.
- a metal having high ductility such as gold can be used.
- the embodiment may be configured as follows.
- the center electrode 40a of the spark plug 40 may also serve as a radiation antenna.
- the center electrode 40a of the spark plug 40 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the mixing circuit.
- the mixing circuit receives the high voltage pulse from the ignition coil 14 and the microwave from the electromagnetic wave switch 32 at separate input terminals, and outputs the high voltage pulse and the microwave from the same output terminal.
- the ring-shaped radiation antenna 16 may be provided on the gasket 18, and the ring-shaped reception antenna 52 may be provided on the top surface of the piston 23.
- the receiving antenna 52 may be provided on the inner wall surface of the cylinder 24.
- the dielectric for example, ceramic
- the planar shape of the receiving antenna 52 and the dielectric may be a ring shape, or may be a shape where the band is bent at an acute angle.
- the present invention is useful for an internal combustion engine that uses electromagnetic waves to promote combustion of an air-fuel mixture in a combustion chamber.
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Abstract
Description
-内燃機関本体-
-点火装置-
-電磁波放射装置-
式1:L=(n×λ)/2
式2:λ/16≦X≦2λ/3
-制御装置の動作-
-実施形態の効果-
-実施形態の変形例1-
-実施形態の変形例2-
-実施形態の変形例3-
-実施形態の変形例4-
-実施形態の変形例5-
-実施形態の変形例6-
-実施形態の変形例7-
-実施形態の変形例8-
-実施形態の変形例9-
-実施形態の変形例10-
また、受信アンテナ52において、吸気側開口側25aだけ、受信アンテナ52を構成する導体の断面積を変化させてもよい。
-実施形態の変形例11-
-実施形態の変形例12-
-その他の実施形態-
11 内燃機関本体
12 点火装置
13 電磁波放射装置
14 点火コイル(高電圧発生装置)
15 放電電極
16 放射アンテナ
20 燃焼室
30 プラズマ生成装置
31 電磁波発生装置
Claims (17)
- 燃焼室が形成された内燃機関本体と、
前記燃焼室の中央部において混合気に点火する点火装置とを備え、
前記点火装置により混合気に点火して該混合気を燃焼させる燃焼サイクルが繰り返し行われる内燃機関であって、
放射アンテナから前記燃焼室へ電磁波を放射する電磁波放射装置と、
前記燃焼室を区画する区画部材のうち、前記燃焼室の外周寄りの領域を区画する部分に設けられ、前記放射アンテナから前記燃焼室へ放射された電磁波に共振する受信アンテナと、
前記点火装置により混合気が点火された後の火炎の伝播中に前記放射アンテナから前記燃焼室へ電磁波が放射されるように前記電磁波放射装置を制御する制御手段とを備えている
ことを特徴とする内燃機関。 - 請求項1において、
前記区画部材には、前記受信アンテナが複数個並設されている
ことを特徴とする内燃機関。 - 請求項1又は請求項2において、
前記受信アンテナは、前記区画部材における前記燃焼室側の面に積層された絶縁層に設けられている
ことを特徴とする内燃機関。 - 請求項3において、
前記絶縁層における前記受信アンテナの設置部の断面では、前記燃焼室側から順番に、絶縁体により構成された被覆層、前記受信アンテナ、絶縁体により構成された支持層が積層され、
前記被覆層は、前記支持層よりも厚みが薄い
ことを特徴とする内燃機関。 - 請求項4において、
前記被覆層の厚みは、前記燃焼室の内側から外側へ向かって薄くなっている
ことを特徴とする内燃機関。 - 請求項3、請求項4、又は請求項5において、
前記絶縁層は、前記区画部材に前記燃焼室の周方向に沿って形成された溝部に設けられ、
前記受信アンテナは、前記絶縁層において、前記溝部の内壁と外壁の間を該溝部に沿って延びている
ことを特徴とする内燃機関。 - 請求項6において、
前記受信アンテナの外周と前記溝部の外壁との距離は、前記受信アンテナの内周と前記溝部の内壁との距離よりも短い
ことを特徴とする内燃機関。 - 請求項3において、
前記絶縁層では、その厚さ方向に複数の受信アンテナが間隔を隔てて設けられている
ことを特徴とする内燃機関。 - 請求項8において、
前記絶縁層では、前記複数の受信アンテナが、少なくとも1箇所で互いの接続箇所の電圧を均圧する均圧導体により接続されている
ことを特徴とする内燃機関。 - 請求項1において、
前記受信アンテナは、前記区画部材の1つであるピストンの頂部の外周寄りの領域に設けられている
ことを特徴とする内燃機関。 - 請求項1において、
前記受信アンテナは、前記区画部材の1つであるガスケットに設けられている
ことを特徴とする内燃機関。 - 請求項10又は請求項11において、
前記受信アンテナは、前記燃焼室の周方向に延びるリング状に形成されている
ことを特徴とする内燃機関。 - 請求項10において、
前記受信アンテナは、前記燃焼室の周方向に延びるリング状に形成され、
前記ピストンの頂部には、直径が互いに異なる前記リング状の受信アンテナが多重に設けられている
ことを特徴とする内燃機関。 - 請求項12又は請求項13において、
前記リング状の受信アンテナは、その周方向に、該受信アンテナを構成する導体の断面積が変化している
ことを特徴とする内燃機関。 - 請求項12、請求項13、又は請求項14において、
前記リング状の受信アンテナの内周又は外周には、電界を集中させる折れ線部が複数箇所形成されている
ことを特徴とする内燃機関。 - 請求項10において、
前記受信アンテナは、前記ピストンの頂面に積層された絶縁部材に設けられ、
前記絶縁部材の前記ピストン側には、前記ピストンの頂面に形成された凹部と噛み合う凸部が形成されている
ことを特徴とする内燃機関。 - 請求項10において、
前記放射アンテナは、シリンダヘッドに設けられている
ことを特徴とする内燃機関。
Priority Applications (3)
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JP2013524712A JP6040362B2 (ja) | 2011-07-16 | 2012-07-13 | 内燃機関 |
EP12815229.5A EP2743495B1 (en) | 2011-07-16 | 2012-07-13 | Internal combustion engine |
US14/156,061 US20140216381A1 (en) | 2011-07-16 | 2014-01-15 | Internal combustion engine |
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JP2011175393 | 2011-08-10 |
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US (1) | US20140216381A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2743495B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6040362B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2013011966A1 (ja) |
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EP2743495B1 (en) | 2016-12-28 |
JPWO2013011966A1 (ja) | 2015-02-23 |
EP2743495A4 (en) | 2015-05-20 |
EP2743495A1 (en) | 2014-06-18 |
US20140216381A1 (en) | 2014-08-07 |
JP6040362B2 (ja) | 2016-12-07 |
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