WO2013008736A1 - 偏光素子及び偏光板 - Google Patents
偏光素子及び偏光板 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013008736A1 WO2013008736A1 PCT/JP2012/067296 JP2012067296W WO2013008736A1 WO 2013008736 A1 WO2013008736 A1 WO 2013008736A1 JP 2012067296 W JP2012067296 W JP 2012067296W WO 2013008736 A1 WO2013008736 A1 WO 2013008736A1
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- polarizing plate
- polarizing
- polarizing element
- film
- light source
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B33/00—Disazo and polyazo dyes of the types A->K<-B, A->B->K<-C, or the like, prepared by diazotising and coupling
- C09B33/18—Trisazo or higher polyazo dyes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B33/00—Disazo and polyazo dyes of the types A->K<-B, A->B->K<-C, or the like, prepared by diazotising and coupling
- C09B33/18—Trisazo or higher polyazo dyes
- C09B33/26—Tetrazo dyes of the type A->B->C->K<-D
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B56/00—Azo dyes containing other chromophoric systems
- C09B56/16—Methine- or polymethine-azo dyes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/14—Details
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polarizing element and a polarizing plate using the polarizing element.
- a polarizing element is generally produced by adsorbing and orienting iodine or dichroic dye, which is a dichroic dye, on a polyvinyl alcohol resin film.
- a protective film made of triacetyl cellulose or the like is bonded to at least one surface of the polarizing element via an adhesive layer to form a polarizing plate, which is used for a liquid crystal display device or the like.
- a polarizing plate using iodine as a dichroic dye is called an iodine polarizing plate, while a polarizing plate using a dichroic dye as a dichroic dye is called a dye polarizing plate.
- the dye-based polarizing plate has a problem that the transmittance is lower than that of the polarizing plate having the same degree of polarization as that of the iodine-based polarizing plate, that is, the contrast is low. It is used in color liquid crystal projectors and the like. In the case of a color liquid crystal projector, a polarizing plate is used for the liquid crystal image forming portion. However, light is greatly absorbed by the polarizing plate, and an image that is projected from several tens of inches to hundreds of tens of inches is reduced to 0.5. In order to collect light on a polarizing plate having a small area of ⁇ 6 inches, deterioration due to light and the influence of heat upon irradiation with light are inevitable due to the size of the light density.
- Patent No. 3769140 Japanese Patent No. 3585097 Japanese Patent No. 3591220 JP-A-64-72007 International Publication Number WO2007 / 138980
- Patent Document 1 describes a polarizing plate for a liquid crystal projector that uses a liquid crystal cell corresponding to blue in consideration of such a light source. Development of a polarizing plate having good polarization characteristics at a specific wavelength has been demanded by selecting a dye.
- a light source such as a light emitting diode (hereinafter abbreviated as LED) such as Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3, and Patent Document 4
- LED light emitting diode
- Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4 Many new light sources such as a lazer light source have been reported, and a polarizing plate having good optical characteristics at a specific wavelength corresponding to these new light sources has begun to be desired.
- an iodine-based polarizing plate is used for LEDs that emit white light.
- the progress of the light emission intensity of LEDs is remarkable, and with the increase in light emission, light resistance and heat resistance are also issues.
- a light-resistant and high heat-resistant polarizing plate is being desired.
- the light resistance and heat resistance of the dye-based polarizing plate are higher than those of the iodine-based polarizing plate, a dye-based polarizing plate corresponding to each light source is desired.
- the polarizing property is lower than that of iodine-based polarizing plates, and a dye-based polarizing plate having higher polarizing properties is desired.
- the colored light is different from the emitted color separated by the dichroic mirror using the conventional high pressure mercury lamp.
- the light emission of a blue light source using a conventional high-pressure mercury lamp as the light source has a wavelength of the highest light emission intensity around 440 nm, but the blue light emission light source of LED or LASER has the highest light emission intensity of 450 nm to 480 nm.
- a polarizing plate corresponding to a conventional light source has a low degree of polarization in the band of the emitted light and a low actual display contrast.
- a polarizing element obtained by stretching a film of a polyvinyl alcohol resin or a derivative thereof containing a dichroic dye, and at least of the dichroic dye.
- the dye comprising the formula (1) has already been reported in Patent Document 5, but it alone has insufficient optical characteristics for a light source having the highest emission intensity at 450 nm to 480 nm.
- the present invention provides (1) a polarizing element obtained by stretching a film of a polyvinyl alcohol resin or derivative thereof containing a dichroic dye, wherein at least one of the dichroic dyes is represented by the formula (1).
- the polarizing plate according to (1) wherein a support film is provided on at least one surface of the polarizing element, (3) A polarizing plate with an inorganic substrate, wherein the polarizing element according to (1) or the polarizing plate according to (2) is laminated on an inorganic substrate, (4) The polarizing element according to (1), wherein the polarizing element is installed with respect to a light source having a maximum output wavelength of 450 nm to 480 nm.
- the polarizing element according to (1) which corresponds to the blue color of a liquid crystal projector, (6)
- the polarizing plate according to any one of (2), (3), and (6) corresponding to the blue color of the liquid crystal projector, (6)
- the polarizing element according to any one of (1), (4), and (5) or the polarizing plate according to any one of (2), (3), (6), and (7) is mounted.
- LCD projector (7) The method for producing a polarizing element as described in (1) above, wherein a dyeing step of immersing a film of polyvinyl alcohol resin or a derivative thereof in a solution containing the dichroic dye is performed at a temperature of 30 ° C to 60 ° C. And a manufacturing method characterized by being carried out at an immersion time of 2 to 10 minutes.
- the polarizing element of the present invention and the polarizing plate thereof have high polarization performance with respect to a light source having the highest emission intensity at 450 nm to 480 nm.
- Formula (1) is expressed in the form of a free acid.
- N is an integer of 1 to 4)
- the adsorption ratio of the dye in this case is a purity measured by an area ratio by high performance liquid chromatography (hereinafter abbreviated as HPLC), and a film made of a polyvinyl alcohol resin containing a dichroic dye or a derivative thereof.
- HPLC high performance liquid chromatography
- 0.5 g is immersed in 50% by weight of pyridine water for 24 hours, and after the pigment is extracted from the polyvinyl alcohol-based film, the ratio is measured by the peak area ratio represented by HPLC measurement.
- Examples thereof include producing a dye comprising the above formula (1) and adjusting the temperature and time of the dyeing process when adsorbing to polyvinyl alcohol.
- the azo compound represented by the formula (1) in the form of a free acid can be easily produced by performing known diazotization and coupling in accordance with a conventional azo dye production method as described in Non-Patent Document 1. .
- 4-aminobenzoic acid is diazotized and coupled with aniline represented by formula (2) to obtain formula (3) which is a monoazoamino compound.
- the diazotization step may be performed by a conventional method in which a diacid component such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid or a mineral acid aqueous solution or suspension is mixed with a nitrite such as sodium nitrite. Or you may carry out by the reverse method of adding a nitrite to neutral or weakly alkaline aqueous solution of a diazo component, and mixing this and a mineral acid.
- the diazotization temperature is suitably -10 to 40 ° C.
- the coupling step with the formula (1) is carried out by mixing an acidic aqueous solution such as hydrochloric acid or acetic acid with each of the diazo solutions, and at a temperature of ⁇ 10 to 40 ° C. under acidic conditions of pH 2 to 7.
- the condensation step under alkaline conditions is performed under strong alkaline conditions such as sodium hydroxide and lithium hydroxide. Done.
- the alkali concentration is suitably from 2% to 10%, and the temperature is suitably from 70 to 100 ° C.
- the number of n in the formula (1) can be adjusted by changing the molar ratio of the monoazoamino compound of the formula (3) and 4,4′-dinitrostilbene-2,2′-sulfonic acid, Further, it can be adjusted by the time for the condensation reaction of 4,4′-dinitrostilbene-2,2′-sulfonic acid and the formula (3).
- the glucose concentration is generally 0.5 to 1.2 equivalents under alkaline conditions.
- the azo compound represented by the formula (1) can be used as a free acid or a salt of an azo compound.
- salts include organic salts such as alkali metal salts such as lithium salts, sodium salts, and potassium salts, ammonium salts, and amine salts. In general, a sodium salt is used.
- the manufacturing method of the polyvinyl alcohol-type resin which comprises a polarizing element is not specifically limited, It can manufacture by a well-known method.
- the polyvinyl alcohol resin can be obtained by saponifying a polyvinyl acetate resin.
- the polyvinyl acetate-based resin include polyvinyl acetate, which is a homopolymer of vinyl acetate, and copolymers of vinyl acetate and other monomers copolymerizable therewith.
- Examples of other monomers copolymerized with vinyl acetate include unsaturated carboxylic acids, olefins, vinyl ethers, and unsaturated sulfonic acids.
- the saponification degree of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is usually preferably from 85 to 100 mol%, more preferably 95 mol% or more.
- This polyvinyl alcohol-based resin may be further modified, and for example, polyvinyl formal or polyvinyl acetal modified with aldehydes may be used.
- the degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol resin is usually preferably from 1,000 to 10,000, more preferably from 1,500 to 5,000.
- Examples of the derivative of the polyvinyl alcohol resin that can be used in the present invention include the resin subjected to the modification treatment.
- a film formed of such a polyvinyl alcohol resin or a derivative thereof (hereinafter, both are collectively referred to as a polyvinyl alcohol resin) is used as a raw film.
- the method for forming a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is not particularly limited, and can be formed by a known method.
- the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film can contain glycerin, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, low molecular weight polyethylene glycol, or the like as a plasticizer.
- the amount of plasticizer is preferably 5 to 20% by weight, more preferably 8 to 15% by weight.
- the thickness of the raw film made of polyvinyl alcohol resin is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 to 150 ⁇ m, and more preferably 10 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the polyvinyl alcohol resin film is first subjected to a swelling process.
- the swelling step is performed by immersing the polyvinyl alcohol resin film in a solution at 20 to 50 ° C. for 30 seconds to 10 minutes.
- the solution is preferably water.
- the dyeing process is performed after the swelling process.
- the dyeing step is performed by immersing the polyvinyl alcohol resin film in a solution containing the dichroic dye.
- the rate of adsorbing the dye having a small n increases as the immersion time becomes shorter, and the adsorbing rate of the dye having a larger n increases as the dyeing temperature becomes higher.
- the staining time is adjusted from 30 seconds to 20 minutes, but in the present invention, it is preferably 2 to 10 minutes, more preferably 3 to 9 minutes.
- the dyeing method is preferably immersed in the solution, but can also be performed by applying the solution to a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film, bringing it into contact, and controlling the temperature at an appropriate temperature.
- the solution containing the dichroic dye can contain sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, anhydrous sodium sulfate, sodium tripolyphosphate and the like as a dyeing assistant.
- Their content can be adjusted at any concentration depending on the time and temperature depending on the dyeability of the dye, but the respective content is preferably 0 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight.
- a polarizing element obtained by stretching a film of a polyvinyl alcohol resin or a derivative thereof containing the dichroic dye, wherein at least one of the dichroic dyes is a compound represented by the formula (1) or
- dyes may be used in combination as long as the polarization characteristics of the dye of the present invention are not impaired.
- examples of such pigments are C.I. Ai. direct. Yellow 12, sea. Eye. direct. Yellow 28, Sea. Ai. direct. Yellow 44, Sea. Ai. direct. Orange 26, Sea. Ai. direct. Orange 39, sea. Ai. direct. Orange 107, sea. Ai. direct. Red 81 is mentioned.
- Other than these dichroic dyes other organic dyes can be used in combination as required.
- the types of organic dyes to be blended differ.
- the blending ratio is not particularly limited, and the blending amount can be arbitrarily set according to demands such as a light source and a hue. By using the above dyes, the polarizing element of the present invention is produced.
- the dyeing process 1 is a process of washing the dye solvent adhering to the surface of the polyvinyl alcohol resin film in the dyeing process. By performing the washing step 1, it is possible to suppress the migration of the dye into the liquid to be processed next.
- water is generally used.
- the washing method is preferably immersed in the solution, but can be washed by applying the solution to a polyvinyl alcohol resin film.
- the washing time is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 300 seconds, more preferably 1 to 60 seconds.
- the temperature of the solvent in the washing step 1 needs to be a temperature at which the hydrophilic polymer does not dissolve. Generally, it is washed at 5 to 40 ° C.
- a step of adding a crosslinking agent and / or a water resistance agent can be performed.
- the crosslinking agent include boron compounds such as boric acid, borax or ammonium borate, polyvalent aldehydes such as glyoxal or glutaraldehyde, polyisocyanate compounds such as biuret type, isocyanurate type or block type, titanium oxy Titanium compounds such as sulfate can be used, but ethylene glycol glycidyl ether, polyamide epichlorohydrin, and the like can also be used.
- water-resistant agent examples include succinic acid peroxide, ammonium persulfate, calcium perchlorate, benzoin ethyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, glycerin diglycidyl ether, ammonium chloride or magnesium chloride, preferably boric acid.
- succinic acid peroxide ammonium persulfate
- calcium perchlorate benzoin ethyl ether
- ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether glycerin diglycidyl ether
- ammonium chloride or magnesium chloride preferably boric acid.
- the step of containing a crosslinking agent and / or a water-resistant agent is performed using at least one kind of crosslinking agent and / or a water-resistant agent shown above.
- water is preferable, but it is not limited.
- the concentration of the cross-linking agent and / or the water-proofing agent in the solvent in the step of adding the cross-linking agent and / or the water-proofing agent is 0.1 to 6.0 when boric acid is used as an example. % By weight is preferable, and 1.0 to 4.0% by weight is more preferable.
- the solvent temperature in this step is preferably 5 to 70 ° C, more preferably 5 to 50 ° C. Although it is preferable to immerse the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film in the solution with a crosslinking agent and / or a waterproofing agent, the solution may be applied to or applied to the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film.
- the treatment time in this step is preferably 30 seconds to 6 minutes, more preferably 1 to 5 minutes. However, if it is not necessary to contain a crosslinking agent and / or a water-resistant agent and it is desired to shorten the time, this treatment step may be omitted when the crosslinking treatment or the water-resistant treatment is unnecessary. .
- the stretching step is a step of stretching the polyvinyl alcohol film uniaxially.
- the stretching method may be either a wet stretching method or a dry stretching method.
- the stretching heating medium is an air medium
- the temperature of the air medium is preferably stretched at a room temperature to 180 ° C.
- the treatment is preferably performed in an atmosphere of 20 to 95% RH.
- the heating method include an inter-roll zone stretching method, a roll heating stretching method, a pressure stretching method, an infrared heating stretching method, and the like, but the stretching method is not limited.
- the stretching step can be performed in one step, but can also be performed by two or more multi-step stretching.
- stretching is performed in water, a water-soluble organic solvent, or a mixed solution thereof. It is preferable to perform the stretching treatment while being immersed in a solution containing a crosslinking agent and / or a water resistance agent.
- a crosslinking agent include boron compounds such as boric acid, borax or ammonium borate, polyvalent aldehydes such as glyoxal or glutaraldehyde, polyisocyanate compounds such as biuret type, isocyanurate type or block type, titanium oxy Titanium compounds such as sulfate can be used, but ethylene glycol glycidyl ether, polyamide epichlorohydrin, and the like can also be used.
- water-proofing agents examples include succinic peroxide, ammonium persulfate, calcium perchlorate, benzoin ethyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, glycerin diglycidyl ether, ammonium chloride, and magnesium chloride.
- Stretching is performed in a solution containing at least one or more crosslinking agents and / or waterproofing agents as described above.
- the crosslinking agent is preferably boric acid.
- the concentration of the crosslinking agent and / or waterproofing agent in the stretching step is preferably, for example, 0.5 to 15% by weight, more preferably 2.0 to 8.0% by weight.
- the draw ratio is preferably 2 to 8 times, more preferably 5 to 7 times.
- the stretching temperature is preferably 40 to 60 ° C, more preferably 45 to 58 ° C.
- the stretching time is usually from 30 seconds to 20 minutes, more preferably from 2 to 5 minutes.
- the wet stretching step can be performed in one step, but can also be performed by two or more steps.
- the film surface may be subjected to a cleaning step (hereinafter referred to as a cleaning step 2) because the cross-linking agent and / or waterproofing agent may precipitate or foreign matter may adhere to the film surface.
- a cleaning step 2 a cleaning step
- the washing time is preferably 1 second to 5 minutes.
- the washing method is preferably immersed in a washing solution, but the solution can be washed on the polyvinyl alcohol resin film by coating or coating.
- the cleaning process can be performed in one stage, and the multi-stage process of two or more stages can be performed.
- the solution temperature in the washing step is not particularly limited, but is usually 5 to 50 ° C., preferably 10 to 40 ° C.
- the solvent used in the treatment steps so far, for example, water, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropyl alcohol, glycerin, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol or triethylene glycol
- the solvent include, but are not limited to, alcohols such as methylolpropane, and amines such as ethylenediamine or diethylenetriamine. A mixture of one or more of these solvents can also be used.
- the most preferred solvent is water.
- a film drying process is performed.
- the drying process can be performed by natural drying, but in order to further improve the drying efficiency, the surface can be removed by compression with a roll, an air knife, a water absorption roll, etc., and / or blow drying is performed. You can also.
- the drying treatment temperature is preferably 20 to 100 ° C., more preferably 60 to 100 ° C.
- a drying treatment time of 30 seconds to 20 minutes can be applied, but 5 to 10 minutes is preferable.
- the obtained polarizing element is made into a polarizing plate by providing a transparent protective layer on one side or both sides thereof.
- the transparent protective layer can be provided as a polymer coating layer or as a film laminate layer.
- the transparent polymer or film forming the transparent protective layer is preferably a transparent polymer or film having high mechanical strength and good thermal stability.
- substances used as the transparent protective layer include cellulose acetate resins such as triacetyl cellulose and diacetyl cellulose or films thereof, acrylic resins or films thereof, polyvinyl chloride resins or films thereof, polyester resins or films thereof, polyarylate resins or The film, a cyclic polyolefin resin having a cyclic olefin such as norbornene or the film thereof, polyethylene, polypropylene, a polyolefin having a cyclo or norbornene skeleton or a copolymer thereof, and the main chain or side chain of which is imide and / or amide
- cellulose acetate resins such as triacetyl cellulose and diacetyl cellulose or films thereof, acrylic resins or films thereof, polyvinyl chloride resins or films thereof, polyester resins or films thereof, polyarylate resins or The film, a cyclic polyolefin resin having a cyclic olefin such as norbornene or
- a resin having liquid crystallinity or a film thereof can be provided as the transparent protective layer.
- the thickness of the protective film is, for example, about 0.5 to 200 ⁇ m.
- a polarizing plate is produced by providing one or more layers of the same or different types of resins or films on one side or both sides.
- An adhesive is required to bond the transparent protective layer to the polarizing element.
- a polyvinyl alcohol-type adhesive agent is preferable.
- the polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive include, but are not limited to, Gohsenol NH-26 (manufactured by Nihon Gosei Co., Ltd.), EXEVAL RS-2117 (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.), and the like.
- a cross-linking agent and / or a waterproofing agent can be added to the adhesive.
- a maleic anhydride-isobutylene copolymer is used, but if necessary, an adhesive mixed with a crosslinking agent can be used.
- maleic anhydride-isobutylene copolymers for example, isoban # 18 (manufactured by Kuraray), isoban # 04 (manufactured by Kuraray), ammonia-modified isoban # 104 (manufactured by Kuraray), ammonia-modified isoban # 110 (manufactured by Kuraray) ), Imidized isoban # 304 (manufactured by Kuraray), imidized isoban # 310 (manufactured by Kuraray), and the like.
- a water-soluble polyvalent epoxy compound can be used as the crosslinking agent at that time.
- water-soluble polyvalent epoxy compound examples include Denacol EX-521 (manufactured by Nagase Chemtech) and Tetrat-C (manufactured by Mitsui Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.).
- adhesives other than polyvinyl alcohol-type resin well-known adhesives, such as urethane type, an acrylic type, and an epoxy type, can also be used.
- additives such as zinc compounds, chlorides, iodides and the like can be simultaneously contained at a concentration of about 0.1 to 10% by weight. The additive is not limited. After laminating the transparent protective layer with an adhesive, the polarizing plate is obtained by drying or heat treatment at a suitable temperature.
- the obtained polarizing plate is bonded to a display device such as liquid crystal or organic electroluminescence, various functional layers and luminance for improving the viewing angle and / or contrast on the surface of the protective layer or film that will be the non-exposed surface later.
- a display device such as liquid crystal or organic electroluminescence
- various functional layers and luminance for improving the viewing angle and / or contrast on the surface of the protective layer or film that will be the non-exposed surface later.
- An improving layer or film can also be provided.
- the polarizing plate may have various known functional layers such as an antireflection layer, an antiglare layer, and a hard coat layer on the other surface, that is, the exposed surface of the protective layer or film.
- a coating method is preferable for producing the layer having various functions, but a film having the function can be bonded through an adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- the various functional layers can be a layer or a film for controlling the phase difference.
- the polarizing plate for a liquid crystal projector which is one form of use of the polarizing plate of the present invention, is usually used as a polarizing plate with a support.
- the support preferably has a flat portion, and since it is used for optical purposes, a glass molded product is preferable.
- the glass molded product include a glass plate, a lens, and a prism (for example, a triangular prism and a cubic prism).
- a lens attached with a polarizing plate can be used as a condenser lens with a polarizing plate in a liquid crystal projector.
- a prism with a polarizing plate attached thereto can be used as a polarizing beam splitter with a polarizing plate or a dichroic prism with a polarizing plate in a liquid crystal projector.
- the glass material include soda glass, borosilicate glass, inorganic substrate made of quartz, inorganic glass such as inorganic substrate made of sapphire, and organic plastic plates such as acrylic and polycarbonate. Glass is preferred.
- the glass plate may have a desired thickness and size. In order to further improve the single plate light transmittance, it is preferable to provide an AR layer on one or both of the glass surface and the polarizing plate surface of the polarizing plate with glass.
- a polarizing plate with a support for a liquid crystal projector is produced by a method known per se.
- a transparent adhesive (adhesive) agent is applied to a flat surface of a support, and then the polarizing plate of the present invention is applied to the coated surface.
- a transparent adhesive (adhesive) agent may be applied to the polarizing plate, and then a support may be attached to the coated surface.
- the adhesive (adhesive) agent used here is preferably, for example, an acrylic ester-based one.
- the polarizing plate is particularly suitable for a light source having the highest emission intensity at 450 nm to 480 nm, and particularly suitable for an LED light source that emits blue light or a LAZE light source.
- a blue LED light source has a wavelength of 460 nm. It is known to be the light source that has the highest light emission intensity and that has the highest light emission intensity of 455 nm to 475 nm even when reaching the LAZE light source. Effective for such blue LED light sources and LAZE light sources.
- a polarizing plate is particularly suitable for a light source having the highest emission intensity at 450 nm to 480 nm, and particularly suitable for an LED light source that emits blue light or a LAZE light source.
- a blue LED light source has a wavelength of 460 nm. It is known to be the light source that has the highest light emission intensity and that has the highest light emission intensity of 455 nm to 475 nm even when reaching the LAZE light source. Effective for such blue LED light sources and LA
- a polarizing plate with high contrast and high durability with respect to light and / or heat can be provided.
- a display using the polarizing element or polarizing plate of the present invention is highly reliable, has a long-term high contrast, and has a high color reproducibility.
- the polarizing plate of the present invention When the polarizing plate of the present invention thus obtained is used for, for example, an LED light source or a lazer light source of a liquid crystal projector, a liquid crystal projector with improved brightness, high contrast, and high durability is obtained.
- the wavelength of the polarizing plate required for the blue light source of the liquid crystal projector is 400 to 500 nm, and it is necessary to have a high degree of polarization particularly at a wavelength of 430 to 500 nm.
- 440 to 480 nm centering on 460 nm is required.
- the reason why the required wavelength differs from the conventional light source is that, in order to emit blue light, the white light source is dimmed by a dichroic mirror and so on.
- the wavelength is a separated wavelength that can be used as a blue light source such that the wavelength of 500 nm or less is blue and the wavelength of 500 nm to 600 nm is green, a bandwidth is widely required.
- the LED light source and the lazer light source itself are blue light emission, and as a result, the light emission band is narrowly limited, so that the desired wavelength band is narrow. Therefore, the required polarizing plate is not a polarizing plate with good polarization characteristics in the entire visible region below 500 nm so far, but it can be fully compatible with LED light sources and LAZER light sources simply by controlling a specific wavelength. A polarizing plate can be obtained.
- the wavelength of the strongest light source is in the range of 450 nm to 480 nm. Therefore, the present invention is very effective for improving the polarization characteristics of that wavelength.
- the transmittance When measuring the transmittance using a spectrophotometer [“U-4100” manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.], the transmittance after correcting the visibility based on JIS-Z8701 (C light source 2 ° field of view) on the light exit side.
- An iodine polarizing plate (SKN-18043P manufactured by Polatechno Co., Ltd.) having a polarization degree of 99.99% at 43% was installed so that absolute polarized light could be incident on the measurement sample.
- the protective layer of the iodine-based polarizing plate is triacetyl cellulose having no ultraviolet absorbing ability.
- the absolute parallel transmittance obtained by the measurement is Ky
- the vibration direction of the absolute polarized light and the absorption axis direction of the polarizing plate of the present invention are parallel (absorption of the absolute polarizer and the polarizing plate of the present invention).
- the absolute orthogonal transmittance obtained by measuring so that the axes were orthogonal) was defined as Kz.
- Each transmittance was measured using a spectrophotometer [“U-4100” manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.].
- Example 1 ⁇ Synthesis of dye> 13.7 parts of 4-aminobenzoic acid was added to 500 parts of water and dissolved with sodium hydroxide. At 10 ° C or lower, 32 parts of 35% hydrochloric acid was added, and then 6.9 parts of sodium nitrite was added, followed by stirring at 5-10 ° C for 1 hour. Thereto was added 20.9 parts of aniline- ⁇ -sodium methanesulfonate, and sodium carbonate was added to adjust the pH to 3.5 while stirring at 20-30 ° C. Further, the mixture was stirred to complete the coupling reaction and filtered to obtain a monoazo compound. The obtained monoazo compound was stirred at 90 ° C.
- polarizing element A 75- ⁇ m-thick polyvinyl alcohol resin film (VF series manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) having a saponification degree of 99% or more was immersed in warm water at 40 ° C. for 3 minutes for swelling treatment.
- the swelling-treated film is immersed in an aqueous solution at 45 ° C. containing 0.02% by weight of a dye, 0.1% by weight of sodium tripolyphosphate, and 0.1% by weight of mirabilite, dyeing the dye, It was made to adsorb
- the film on which the dye was adsorbed was washed with water, and after washing, boric acid treatment was carried out for 1 minute with a 40 ° C.
- aqueous solution containing 2% by weight of boric acid containing 2% by weight of boric acid.
- the film obtained by the boric acid treatment was treated for 5 minutes in an aqueous solution at 55 ° C. containing 3.0% by weight of boric acid while stretching 5.0 times. While maintaining the tension of the film obtained by the boric acid treatment, the film was treated with water at room temperature for 15 seconds.
- the film obtained by the treatment was immediately dried at 60 ° C. for 5 minutes to obtain a polarizing element having a thickness of 28 ⁇ m.
- the obtained polarizing element was alkali-treated with a 80 ⁇ m-thick triacetyl cellulose film (TD-80U manufactured by Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd., hereinafter abbreviated as TAC) using a polyvinyl alcohol adhesive, and TAC / adhesive layer / polarizing element / It laminated
- TAC triacetyl cellulose film
- Example 3 In the preparation of dye A of Example 1, 21 parts of 4,4′-dinitrostilbene-2,2′-sulfonic acid was dissolved in 300 parts of water, 12 parts of sodium hydroxide was added, and the condensation reaction was performed at 90 ° C.
- a polarizing plate was prepared as a measurement sample.
- the dyeing process for producing the polarizing element the polarizing element was produced at a dye B content of 0.08% by weight and a dyeing process temperature of 25 ° C.
- a polarizing plate was produced in the same manner except for the production method of the polarizing element, and used as a measurement sample.
- Example 2 Comparative Example 2 In Example 1, the dyes adsorbed were 0.1% by weight of C.I.Direct Orange 39 and 0.05% by weight of C.I.Direct Red 81 as in Example 1 of Patent Document 1. Except for the above, a polarizing plate was prepared in the same manner as a measurement sample.
- FIG. 1 shows Ky of spectroscopic measurement values for each wavelength of 5 nm of the polarizing plates obtained by measuring Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, and FIG. 2 shows Kz. .
- Table 1 shows the spectroscopic measurement values of the respective wavelengths of the polarizing plates obtained by measuring Examples, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2.
- ⁇ max indicates the wavelength with the highest degree of polarization
- Ky440-480 is the average value of Ky from 440 nm to 480 nm
- Kz440-480 is the average value of Kz from 440 nm to 480 nm
- CR440-480 is the Ky440-480 divided by Kz440-480.
- the contrast which shows the light and dark in 440 nm thru
- the polarizing plate of the present invention has a high Ky centered on 460 nm and a low Kz value. You can see that From this, when having the same parallel transmittance, the orthogonal transmittance shows a low value, and this indicates that there is little leakage light in the dark state when the polarizing plate has the same brightness, and as a result Increases contrast.
- Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 are compared, the contrast of the polarizing plate is improved about twice, and compared with Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, the contrast of the polarizing plate is improved about 10 times.
- Example 4 The polarizing plate obtained in Example 1 is mounted in place of the polarizing plate installed for the blue light source of a Samsung projector (product name: SP-F10M) having a three-wavelength LED light source, and in a dark room The 50-inch size was irradiated, and the contrast at the time of white projection and black projection was measured with a color illuminance meter 520/06 manufactured by Yokogawa at the central portion 20 minutes after irradiation.
- a color illuminance meter 520/06 manufactured by Yokogawa at the central portion 20 minutes after irradiation.
- Comparative Example 3 In Example 4, the contrast was measured in the same manner except that the polarizing plate obtained in Comparative Example 1 was used.
- Comparative Example 4 In Example 4, the contrast was measured in the same manner except that the polarizing plate obtained in Comparative Example 2 was used.
- the emission intensity of the blue light source of a Samsung projector (product name: SP-F10M) having a three-wavelength LED light source was measured with a SPECTORADIOMETER (product name: USR-40) manufactured by USHIO using an ND filter.
- the wavelength with the highest emission intensity was 458 nm. This is an example in which it can be seen that a projector using an LED light source as a blue light source has the highest emission intensity in the vicinity of about 460 nm.
- Table 2 shows the contrast obtained by the measurement of Example 4, Comparative Example 3, and Comparative Example 4.
- the polarizing element of the present invention can be used for polarizing plates such as liquid crystal projectors.
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Abstract
Description
(2)偏光素子の少なくとも片面に支持体フィルムを設けてなる(1)に記載の偏光板、
(3)無機基板に(1)に記載の偏光素子又は(2)に記載の偏光板が積層したことを特徴とする無機基板付偏光板、
(4)発光する光源の最大出力波長が、450nm乃至480nmに有する光源に対して設置されてなる(1)に記載の偏光素子、
(5)液晶プロジェクターの青色に対応する(1)に記載の偏光素子、
(6)発光する光源の最大出力波長が、450nm乃至480nmに有する光源に対して設置されてなる(2)又は(3)に記載の偏光板、
(7)液晶プロジェクターの青色に対応する(2)、(3)、(6)のいずれか1に記載の偏光板、
(6)(1)、(4)、(5)のいずれか1に記載の偏光素子又は(2)、(3)、(6)、(7)のいずれか1に記載の偏光板が搭載された液晶プロジェクター、
(7)上記(1)に記載の偏光素子の製造方法であって、前記二色性色素を含有する溶液にポリビニルアルコール樹脂又はその誘導体のフィルムを浸漬させる染色工程を30℃乃至60℃の温度及び2乃至10分間の浸漬時間で行うことを特徴とする、該製造方法に関する。
本発明の偏光素子は、二色性色素を含有するポリビニルアルコール樹脂又はその誘導体のフィルムが延伸されてなる偏光素子であって、該二色性色素の少なくとも一つが式(1)で表される化合物又はその塩であり、該二色性色素においてn=1乃至n=4の合計した吸着量に対するn=2の吸着割合が55%以上であることが特徴である。
本発明で使用できるポリビニルアルコール樹脂の誘導体は、前記変性処理を施した樹脂等が挙げられる。
<色素の合成>
4-アミノ安息香酸13.7部を水500部に加え、水酸化ナトリウムで溶解した。冷却し10℃以下で、35%塩酸32部を加え、次に亜硝酸ナトリウム6.9部を加え、5~10℃で1時間攪拌した。そこへアニリン-ω-メタンスルホン酸ソーダ20.9部を加え、20~30℃で攪拌しながら、炭酸ナトリウムを加えてpH3.5とした。さらに攪拌してカップリング反応を完結させ、濾過して、モノアゾ化合物を得た。得られたモノアゾ化合物を水酸化ナトリウム存在下、90℃で攪拌し、前記式(3)のモノアゾ化合物17部を得た。前記式(3)のモノアゾ化合物12部、4,4’-ジニトロスチルベン-2,2’-スルホン酸21部を水300部に溶解させた後、水酸化ナトリウム12部を加え、90℃で縮合反応させた。続いて、グルコース9部で還元し、塩化ナトリウムで塩析した後、90℃濾過して、80℃にて蒸発乾固し、本発明の式(1)で表される色素Aを得た。色素Aをピリジン水20%に溶解し、HPLCで測定したところ、nの割合が、n=1が33%、n=2が65%、n=3が2%よりなる色素であった。
ケン化度が99%以上の膜厚75μmのポリビニルアルコール系樹脂フィルム(クラレ社製 VFシリーズ)を40℃の温水に3分浸漬し膨潤処理をした。膨潤処理したフィルムを、色素が0.02重量%、トリポリ燐酸ナトリウムが0.1重量%、芒硝が0.1重量%を含有した45℃の水溶液に浸漬し、色素の染色処理を行い、ポリビニルアルコール系フィルムへ吸着させた。色素が吸着されたフィルムを水にて洗浄し、洗浄の後、2重量%のホウ酸を含有した40℃の水溶液で1分間ホウ酸処理を行った。ホウ酸処理して得られたフィルムを、5.0倍に延伸しながらホウ酸3.0重量%を含有した55℃の水溶液中で5分間処理を行った。そのホウ酸処理して得られたフィルムの緊張状態を保ちつつ、常温の水にて15秒間処理を行った。処理して得られたフィルムを直ちに60℃で5分間乾燥処理を行い膜厚28μmの偏光素子を得た。得られた偏光素子をピリジン50重量%である水に浸漬して色素を抽出したところ、nの割合は、n=1が10%、n=2が80%、n=3が10%であった。得られた偏光素子をアルカリ処理した膜厚80μmのトリアセチルセルロースフィルム(富士写真フィルム社製 TD-80U、以下TACと省略)をポリビニルアルコール系接着剤を用いて、TAC/接着層/偏光素子/接着層/TACという構成で積層し、ラミネートして偏光板を得て、測定試料とした。
実施例1の偏光素子の作製において、染色処理を行う温度を35℃とし、得られる偏光素子のnの割合が、n=1が34%、n=2が62%、n=3が4%とした以外は同様に偏光板を作製し、測定試料とした。
実施例1の色素Aの作製において、4,4’-ジニトロスチルベン-2,2’-スルホン酸21部を水300部に溶解させた後、水酸化ナトリウム12部を加え、90℃で縮合反応において、 式(3)のモノアゾ化合物12部を、7部に変えて染料を作製し、nの割合が、n=1が15%、n=2が84%、n=3が1%よりなる色素Aを作製した以外は同様に偏光素子を作製し、得られる偏光素子のnの割合が、n=1が17%、n=2が92%、n=3が1%とした以外は同様に偏光板を作製し、測定試料とした。
実施例1において、塩化ナトリウムで塩析した後のろ過温度を45℃とし、式(1)で表される色素が、HPLCから測定されるnの割合で、n=1が58%、n=2が40%、n=3が2%よりなる色素(以下、色素Bとする)を用いた。偏光素子を作製する染色工程において、色素Bの含有量を0.08重量%とし、染色工程の温度を25℃として偏光素子の作製を行った。得られた偏光素子をピリジン50重量%である水に浸漬して色素を抽出したところ、nの割合は、n=1が56%、n=2が43%、n=3が1%であった。偏光素子の作製方法以外は同様に偏光板を作製し、測定試料とした。
実施例1において、吸着される色素を特許文献1の実施例1と同様に、シー・アイ・ダイレクト・オレンジ39 0.1重量%とシー・アイ・ダイレクト・レッド81 0.05重量%にした以外は同様に偏光板作製し、測定試料とした。
3波長LED光源を持つSamsung社製プロジェクター(製品名:SP-F10M)の青色光源に対応する設置されていた偏光板の代わりに、実施例1で得られた偏光板を搭載し、暗室にて50インチサイズに照射し、照射20分後の中心部分をYokogawa社製色彩照度計520/06にて白色投影時と黒投影時のコントラストを測定した。
実施例4において、偏光板を比較例1で得られた偏光板を使う以外は同様にコントラストを測定した。
実施例4において、偏光板を比較例2で得られた偏光板を使う以外は同様にコントラストを測定した。
Claims (9)
- 偏光素子の少なくとも片面に支持体フィルムを設けてなる請求項1又は2に記載の偏光板。
- 無機基板に請求項1に記載の偏光素子又は請求項2に記載偏光板が積層したことを特徴とする無機基板付偏光板。
- 発光する光源の最大出力波長が、450nm乃至480nmに有する光源に対して設置されてなる請求項1に記載の偏光素子。
- 液晶プロジェクターの青色に対応する請求項1に記載の偏光素子。
- 発光する光源の最大出力波長が、450nm乃至480nmに有する光源に対して設置されてなる請求項2又は3に記載の偏光板。
- 液晶プロジェクターの青色に対応する請求項2、3、6のいずれか1項に記載の偏光板。
- 請求項1、4、5のいずれか1項に記載の偏光素子又は請求項2、3、6、7のいずれか1項に記載の偏光板が搭載された液晶プロジェクター。
- 請求項1に記載の偏光素子の製造方法であって、前記二色性色素を含有する溶液にポリビニルアルコール樹脂又はその誘導体のフィルムを浸漬させる染色工程を30℃乃至60℃の温度及び2乃至10分間の浸漬時間で行うことを特徴とする、該製造方法。
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