WO2013002524A2 - Composition for manufacturing relief tiles having an environmentally-friendly function, and method for manufacturing the relief tiles - Google Patents

Abstract

According to one embodiment of the present invention, firing temperature and firing time are adjusted to provide a high level of durability, and far infrared radiation and antimicrobial functions to relief tiles having a variety of thicknesses. To this end, a method for manufacturing relief tiles having an environmentally friendly function according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a step (S10) of producing a ceramic plate comprising a mixture of 32 to 34 wt % of clay, 9 to 11 wt % of kaolin, 14 to 16 wt % of agalmatolite, 14 to 16 wt % of pottery stone, 6 to 8 wt % of potter's clay obtained from feldspar, 17 to 19 wt % of mullite powder, 1 to 3 wt % of feldspar powder, and 28 to 33.5 weight parts of solvent per 100 weight parts of the mixture; a step (S30) of engraving the thus-produced ceramic plate so as to form a relief; a step (S40) of drying the engraved ceramic plate; a step (S50) of glazing the dried ceramic plate; and a step (S70) of firing the glazed ceramic plate at a firing temperature of 1250 to 1280°C, so as to produce a ceramic relief tile.

Description

Composition for manufacturing relief tiles embodying eco-friendly functionality and manufacturing method of relief tiles

The present invention relates to relief tiles used in the production of ceramic murals, which are environmental sculptures. More specifically, in order to have eco-friendly characteristics in the whole life cycle, such as material preparation, drawing and engraving, oiling, firing, and lighting construction, the composition for manufacturing relief tiles and eco-friendly functionality It relates to a method of manufacturing the embossed relief tiles.

The earliest aspect of ceramic murals based on soil, the oldest material in the expression method, was the use of mosaic murals and reliefs. Most relief reliefs are made by cutting granite and engraving them in the inscription or embossing on the front. It was constructed. Granite has strong durability, but it does not deviate from its own color and has limited limitations on the expression of the theme due to the prolonged period of production.

In recent years, there have been attempts to construct relief ceramic murals by using tiles that can provide a large number of colors or by making separate ceramics separately, but most of them are simply laminated with geometric patterns. Likewise, there is a limit.

On the other hand, as the effect of far-infrared rays has been scientifically proven, it is being used in various fields such as biotechnology and medicine. Products with higher far-infrared radiation energy than general products maintain high level in terms of price due to special treatment in the production process. have. Although such attempts have been made in the ceramics field, it is difficult to maintain high far-infrared emissivity, natural properties of ceramics, and stable prices at the same time, and there is a need for improvement.

Korean Patent Invention No. 307008 proposes a method of improving the far-infrared radiation effect by using ocher for making porcelain, but it can satisfy the inherent performance of porcelain made of clay with higher strength than ocher. There is a limit to the construction of ceramic murals.

In Korea Patent Invention No. 382777, far-infrared radiation ores such as jade and illite are pulverized and mixed with other materials, and then first baked at 1,140 ° C. to 1,170 ° C. to maintain far-infrared radiation efficiency and second-fired at a lower temperature. It is difficult to produce jade tiles or to obtain high-quality tiles apart from far-infrared radiation, since the firing temperature is relatively low.

Korean Patent Invention No. 0629992 improves the firing conditions of existing ceramics in order to maintain the far-infrared radiation efficiency of powdered powders in which illite, elvan, and ionic ores are added to clay. The emission energy measured at 37 ℃ for the wavelength of 3 ~ 20㎛ is 3.55 × 10 ² W / ㎡, and the air emission and fuel consumption of the combustion byproduct are excessive due to the second firing operation. There are problems in terms of eco-friendliness and economics.

 Therefore, there is a need to develop a high-quality tile construction material and its manufacturing method capable of expressing and directing abundantly required by modern environmental ceramics, having excellent strength and durability, and realizing eco-friendly functionality by far-infrared radiation.

The present invention has been made in view of the necessity as described above, the first object of the present invention in the manufacture of relief tiles has a high level of durability and far-infrared radiation and antimicrobial function for embossing tiles manufacturing composition and relief for implementing eco-friendly functionality It is to provide a method for producing a tile.

It is a second object of the present invention to provide a composition for manufacturing a relief tile and a method of manufacturing the relief tile, which implements eco-friendly functionality that can minimize the consumption of resources in the manufacturing process and the emission of environmental pollutants.

The object of the present invention as described above is 32 to 34% by weight of clay, 9 to 11% by weight of kaolin, 14 to 16% by weight of feldspar, 14 to 16% by weight of feldspar, 6 to 8% by weight of feldspar, 17 to 19% by weight of mullite powder. % And feldspar powder 1 to 3% by weight can be achieved by providing a composition for producing a relief tile embodied eco-friendly functionality comprising a mixture and 28 to 33.5 parts by weight of solvent per 100 parts by weight of the mixture.

On the other hand, an object of the present invention is another category, in the manufacturing method of the relief tiles that implement eco-friendly functionality, 32 to 34% by weight of clay, 9 to 11% by weight of kaolin, 14 to 16% by weight of feldspar, 14 to 16% by weight of pottery stone %, 6-8% by weight of feldspar clay, 17-19% by weight of mullite powder and 1 to 3% by weight of feldspar powder, and preparing a plate to include 28 to 33.5 parts by weight of solvent per 100 parts by weight of the mixture ( S10); Sculpting the manufactured plate by relief (S30); Drying the carved plate (S40); Milking the dried plate (S50); It can be achieved by providing a method of manufacturing a relief tile that implements eco-friendly functionality, including; and (S70) by firing the oiled plate at a firing temperature of 1250 ~ 1280 ℃ (S70).

And, in the relief tile manufacturing step (S70), the firing temperature may last for 1 to 2 hours.

Between the plate production step (S10) and the plate engraving step (S30), further comprising the step of drawing on the produced plate (S20),

Drawing step (S20), step (S22) to describe the three-dimensional shape of the relief tiles to be manufactured based on the digital simulation; And completing a drawing diagram based on the three-dimensional shape depicted (S24).

Between the oiling step (S50) and the relief tile manufacturing step (S70), may further comprise the step (S60) of gradually heating the oiled plate to the firing temperature for 17 to 19 hours.

After the relief tile manufacturing step (S70), the step of attaching a lamp such as an energy-efficient LED to the manufactured magnetic relief tile (S80); may further include.

According to one embodiment of the present invention as described above, by controlling the firing temperature and the firing time there is an effect that can give a high level of durability and far-infrared radiation and antibacterial function to the relief tiles having various thicknesses.

In addition, since there is an excellent far-infrared radiation effect without the process of mixing or specially processing a separate far-infrared mineral, there is a cost saving effect.

In addition, there is an effect of reducing the fossil fuel consumption and environmental pollutant emissions, which is a problem with the general pottery manufacturing method for the first and second chaebol firing over a second.

In addition, it is possible to express various themes of ceramic murals through hybrid drawing and engraving method combined with digital simulation drawing and analog hand carving, and to minimize the waste of resources by remarkably reducing cost and waste compared to existing hand drawing and carving. There is.

1 is a view sequentially showing a method of manufacturing a relief tile according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram comparing photographs 2a and 2b predicting a design result based on a digital simulation and an actual construction result photograph 2c according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a view showing a color table photograph of relief tiles baked and baked with natural minerals and traditional pigments according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a view showing a graph comparing the firing temperature with time for the manufacture of a relief tile according to an embodiment of the present invention and a general ceramics to obtain the same quality as porcelain,

5 is a view showing a graph measuring the far-infrared emissivity of the relief tile manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention,

6 is a view showing a graph measuring the far-infrared radiation energy of the relief tile manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention,

7 is a view showing a photograph of the bacterial reduction rate test results for E. coli among the antimicrobial performance of the relief tiles prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention,

8 is a view illustrating an example of a relief tile provided with an LED lamp manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention.

<Description of Drawing>

A: Relief Tile

B: Stainless steel sculpture for LED lighting

C: LED lights

<Manufacturing method of relief tile embodying eco-friendly functionality>

Embossed tiles embodying eco-friendly functionality manufactured by an embodiment of the present invention is a popular art space that harmonizes with the surrounding environment while highlighting the unique specificity of buildings and sculptures when building murals on the exterior, interior walls, and various sculptures. And it is possible to create a rest space. Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described an embodiment of the present invention;

1 is a view sequentially showing a method of manufacturing a relief tile for implementing eco-friendly functionality according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 1, the present embodiment, first, 32 to 34% by weight of clay, 9 to 11% by weight of kaolin, 14 to 16% by weight of feldspar, 14 to 16% by weight of pottery stone, 6 to 8% by weight of feldspar clay, mullite powder 17 to 19% by weight and feldspar powder 1 to 3% by weight to prepare a plate to contain a mixture and 28 to 33.5 parts by weight of solvent per 100 parts by weight of the mixture (S10).

The composition for manufacturing the plate may be prepared by kneading with a solvent such as water in a mixture of clay, kaolin, feldspar, pottery stone, feldspar clay, mullite powder, feldspar powder in a weight ratio as described above. The mixture can be divided into primary mixtures (less than 100 MESH) such as clay, kaolin, feldspar, pottery, feldspar clay and secondary mixtures (less than 16 MESH) such as mullite powder and feldspar powder, primary The composition can be completed by mixing the secondary mixture after kneading the mixture. Here, feldspar clay with fine particles of 100 MESH or less acts between the clay raw material, which is the primary mixture. Specifically, the glass phase is formed at 1,000 ° C., which melts and turns into an organic material that flows between the clay raw materials, and each mineral (clay, kaolin, feldspar) , Pottery) to act as a dense gathering. In addition, feldspar powder as a co-neutral of 16 to 100 MESH acts on the mullite powder (the chamotte of the mullite component) of the secondary mixture. It can solve the difficulty in using this as a composition even though it has resistance to, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, and shock resistance. That is, since the mullite is not melted at a temperature of 1,250 ° C. to bake the magnetic tile at a melting temperature of 1,400 ° C., feldspar powder may be used as a flux to allow the mullite to dissolve at 1,250 ° C. to complete firing.

In addition, the water used as the solvent of the composition is determined in consideration of seasonal climatic conditions (eg, humidity, temperature, etc.) and the ratio of water added to the mixture can be confirmed by the weight of the plate before and after drying. In addition, the composition used in the plate making step (S10) is a plurality having a length × width × thickness (e.g. 120 mm × 35 mm × 70 mm) standardized by a plate machine (not shown) equipped with a bidirectional compression roller It can be produced with a plate of. After that, by joining the plurality of plates, the plate of the same standard as the mural construction surface can be completed.

Next, drawing on the produced plate (S20). Here, the drawing design step (S20) performs a description based on the digital simulation of the three-dimensional shape of the embossed ceramic mural to be manufactured (S22), and subsequently, to complete the plate drawing based on the depicted three-dimensional shape (S24). It can be carried out as. Specifically, the drawing is done in a digital simulation based drawing (DBD) method (eg, illustrator, photoshop, 3D program, etc.) instead of the conventional manual drawing.

That is, it is possible to accurately describe the three-dimensional shape of the relief ceramic murals and to pre-analyze the depicted result in two or three dimensions to create an optimal graphic plate drawing. As shown in Figs. 2a, 2b and 2c, it can be seen that the corresponding three-dimensional depiction outputs (Figs. 2a and 2b) during the day and night are not significantly different compared to the actual construction results (Fig. 2c). This saves the time and manpower required for manual analogue engraving and engraving of existing analog methods, and minimizes the process of basic plate reprocessing due to modification and supplementary work and the resulting waste.

In addition, the plate drawing output for drawing can be made larger than the actual dimension in consideration of the shrinkage rate during the firing process.

Next, the produced plate is carved into a relief (S30). Here, the plate may be a designed plate, the sculpture may be formed in relief, intaglio, embossed to match the three-dimensional shape of the relief ceramic mural. At this time, the type of relief can be made only by hand pieces to prevent the cracks and maintain the strength of the molding, rather than attaching the soil to the composition.

Next, the carved plate is dried (S40), and then poured into the dried plate (S50). In the drying and oiling stages (S40, S50), the drying period may vary depending on the thickness of each molding in the three-dimensional relief type, but may take 10 to 15 days in consideration of seasonal climatic conditions. In addition, by recombining each of the molded pieces after the firing may be a batch drying in the shade of the natural state to have the same shrinkage rate in order to minimize the mismatch error of the adjacent surface when creating the mural.

Seeds for dried molding pieces obtained after performing the engraving process (S40) are a combination of glaze and traditional pigments consisting of natural feldspar clay, limestone, white clay, silica, clay, and colors that could not be expressed in the traditional ceramic production method. As shown in Figure 3 it can be implemented in about 600 natural colors.

Next, the oiled plate is gradually heated to a firing temperature of 1250 to 1280 ° C. for 17 to 19 hours (S60), and finally, the oiled plate is baked to a firing temperature of 1250 to 1280 ° C. to prepare a magnetic relief tile. By (S70) one embodiment of a method of manufacturing a relief tile that implements eco-friendly functionality can be performed. In particular, it is preferable to maintain the firing temperature for 1 to 2 hours when the firing temperature of 1250 to 1280 ° C. is reached in the magnetic relief tile manufacturing step (S70). In this firing step (S60, S70) it is possible to put each of the molded pieces, which are the stained plate on the firing trolley, put in a kiln and fire.

In addition, for the three-dimensional representation of the relief tiles, the molding pieces need to have various thicknesses ranging from 15 mm to 65 mm (more than 65 mm has a high breakage rate during the firing process), which is higher than the quality standards of KSL1001: 2010 as exterior tiles. In order to have a level of quality, the firing steps S60 and S70 may be performed as described above.

4 is a graph showing a comparison of the firing temperature with time for the manufacture of the relief ceramic according to an embodiment of the present invention and the general ceramic to obtain the same quality as the porcelain. As shown in FIG. 4, the firing of the general magnetic tile is performed in the secondary firing of the low temperature firing (A1) and the high temperature firing (A2) as shown in the A1 and A2 graphs, while firing according to an embodiment of the present invention. Steps S60 and S70 gradually raise the temperature to about 1,250 ° C. for about 18 hours and then continuously carry out high temperature firing at 1,250˜1,280 ° C. for about 1 hour. Through this, the relief tile according to an embodiment of the present invention can be made of high quality magnetic relief tile that can overcome the outdoor environment and various weather conditions. In addition, when the reduction firing method is applied during the firing steps (S60, S70), a natural change is induced to the existing 600 colors, and a total of about 1,200 colors can be produced.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, after performing the self-quality relief tile manufacturing step (S70), based on the lighting of the lighting to enable the night landscape lighting design and to add a three-dimensional feeling of the relief tile to the manufactured light relief tiles Attaching step S80 may be further added. 8 is a view illustrating an example of a relief tile provided with an LED lamp manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, the relief tile A is manufactured and a stainless steel sculpture B for attaching the LED light is attached to the bottom thereof, and under the steel sculpture B, the LED light C is the relief tile A. It can be configured to illuminate around the glyph.

<Test data>

Absorption rate, strength and wear resistance

As described in Table 1 (Quality test and test result data of the Korea Institute of Construction and Living Environment Testing Institute, a quality inspection professional organization under Article 25 of the Construction Technology Management Act), the ceramic relief tiles manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention are KSL. It is far superior to the reference values of the absorption, bending strength, and abrasion resistance of the magnetic tiles presented in 1001: 2010.

Table 1

division	Water absorption	Bending strength	Wear resistance	Frost resistance	Crack resistance	Chemical resistance
Based on KSL 1001: 2010	Less than 3%	100 N / cm or more	0.1 g or less	My freeze / thaw	Cracks / cracking	Possession / Glaze Discoloration
Performance test result of the relief tile manufactured according to this embodiment	Less than 1%	399 N / cm	0.005 g or less	clear	clear	clear

Far infrared radiation

Far-infrared rays transmit 80 times more radiation energy to the depths of 4 ~ 5cm in the skin when they come into contact with the human body, and activate the tissues by vibrating the cells more than 2,000 times per minute. It is widely used in modern medicine because it is recognized to release toxic substances, promote blood circulation by thrombolysis and improve to alkaline constitution. In addition, far-infrared rays increase the concentration of dissolved oxygen when used as finishing materials for water purification, catchment, and fountain facilities, activating the self-cleaning function of water, and ceramic tile murals created indoors such as subway stations and meeting squares with high concentration of urban residents. Can remove odors and purify the air in indoor spaces where there is little sunshine and dust pollution.

5 is a view showing a graph measuring the far infrared emissivity of the relief tiles manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 is a far infrared radiation energy of the relief tiles manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the measured graph.

The emissivity graph shown in FIG. 5 is a far-infrared emissivity measured for the relief tiles manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention. The emissivity of about 0.916 was confirmed when measured at 40 ° C. in the wavelength range of 5 to 20 μm. . This result, in view of having an emissivity of 0.93 for natural jade, 0.91 for ocher, 0.89 for conventional interior tiles, 0.80 for cement and sand, separate far infrared rays to the relief tiles produced according to an embodiment of the present invention It means excellent far-infrared radiation effect without mixing or special treatment of minerals.

The far-infrared radiation energy graph shown in FIG. 6 is the same as the test conditions (the same wavelength band and the same temperature) as the test conditions of the graph shown in FIG. 5 using an FT-IR Spectrometer for a relief tile manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention. ) Shows the measured result data. As shown in FIG. 6, it can be seen that a high level of radiant energy of 3.69 × 10 ² W / m ² was measured even when compared with a far infrared ray radiant energy graph of a black body.

In addition, the emissivity and radiation energy of the ceramic products that emit far-infrared radiation were measured based on 37 ° C., whereas the relief tiles manufactured according to this embodiment were measured at 40 ° C. (far-infrared radiation increases as temperature increases. Despite the decrease, the radiation energy of 3.69 × 10 ² W / ㎡, which is relatively higher than the existing products, was measured.

Antibacterial function

The antibacterial function required for building finishing materials is bacteriostatic action, which means that the growth and growth of bacteria are inhibited by certain environmental factors. The finishing material of the building is the final exposed area, which is vulnerable to contamination by bacteria, especially in indoor spaces where the amount of sunshine and air circulation are restricted. Therefore, antimicrobial finishes can improve these problems to facilitate the hygiene management of buildings and create a healthy and safe space.

Table 2 (Antibacterial test result data from Korea Institute of Construction and Environmental Testing, a quality inspection agency under Article 25 of the Construction Technology Management Act) shows the antimicrobial test results of relief tiles manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention. %, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 69.3%, Staphylococcus aureus 72.9% can be confirmed that the bacterium growth and proliferation is inhibited due to the bacteriostatic action of the relief tiles. In addition, these results can be clearly seen through FIGS. 7A and 7B, which are examples of test result comparison photographs.

TABLE 2

Test Items	Sample classification	Initial concentration	24 hours later	Bacterial Reduction (%)
Antibacterial test by E. coli	Blank	3.2 × 10 5	4.6 × 10 5	-
	Relief tile	3.2 × 10 5	1.3 × 10 5	71.7
Antibacterial test by Pseudomonas aeruginosa	Blank	3.4 × 10 5	4.9 × 10 5	-
	Relief tile	3.4 × 10 5	1.5 × 10 5	69.3
Antibacterial test by Staphylococcus aureus	Blank	2.8 × 10 5	3.7 × 10 5	-
	Relief tile	2.8 × 10 5	1.0 × 10 5	72.9

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the technical configuration of the present invention described above may be modified in other specific forms by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains without changing its technical spirit or essential features. It will be appreciated that it may be practiced. Therefore, the embodiments described above are to be understood as illustrative and not restrictive in all aspects. In addition, the scope of the present invention is indicated by the appended claims rather than the detailed description above. Also, it is to be construed that all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalent concepts are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. 32-34 wt% clay, 9-11 wt% kaolin, 14-16 wt% feldspar, 14-16 wt% pottery stone, 6-8 wt% feldspar clay, 17-19 wt% mullite powder and 1-3 wt% feldspar powder A composition for producing relief tiles embodying eco-friendly functionality comprising a mixture of% and 28 to 33.5 parts by weight of solvent per 100 parts by weight of the mixture.
2. In the manufacturing method of the relief tile embodying the eco-friendly functionality,

   32-34 wt% clay, 9-11 wt% kaolin, 14-16 wt% feldspar, 14-16 wt% pottery stone, 6-8 wt% feldspar clay, 17-19 wt% mullite powder and 1-3 wt% feldspar powder Preparing a plate to include a mixture of% and 28 to 33.5 parts by weight of solvent per 100 parts by weight of the mixture (S10);

   Sculpting the manufactured plate by relief (S30);

   Drying the carved plate (S40);

   Milking the dried plate (S50); And

   And firing the oiled plate at a firing temperature of 1250 to 1280 ° C. to produce a magnetic relief tile (S70).
3. The method of claim 2,

   In the relief tile manufacturing step (S70),

   The firing temperature is a method of producing a relief tile embodying the eco-friendly functionality, characterized in that lasting for 1 to 2 hours.
4. The method of claim 2,

   Between the plate manufacturing step (S10) and the plate engraving step (S30),

   Further comprising the step of drawing on the produced plate (S20),

   The drawing step (S20),

   Describing the three-dimensional shape of the relief tile to be manufactured based on the digital simulation (S22); And

   Comprising the step of completing the plate drawing based on the three-dimensional shape depicted (S24); manufacturing method of the relief tile implementing the eco-friendly functionality, characterized in that it comprises a.
5. The method of claim 2,

   Between the oiling step (S50) and the relief tile manufacturing step (S70),

   The method of manufacturing a relief tile embodying eco-friendly functionality further comprises the step (S60) of gradually heating the oiled plate to the firing temperature for 17 to 19 hours.
6. The method of claim 2,

   After the relief tile manufacturing step (S70),

   And attaching a lamp to the manufactured ceramic relief tile (S80).

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