WO2012167503A1 - 塔机爬升架及包含该塔机爬升架的塔式起重机 - Google Patents
塔机爬升架及包含该塔机爬升架的塔式起重机 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012167503A1 WO2012167503A1 PCT/CN2011/078301 CN2011078301W WO2012167503A1 WO 2012167503 A1 WO2012167503 A1 WO 2012167503A1 CN 2011078301 W CN2011078301 W CN 2011078301W WO 2012167503 A1 WO2012167503 A1 WO 2012167503A1
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- main
- jacking
- tower crane
- chords
- main chords
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
- B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
- B66C23/28—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail constructed to operate at successively higher levels
- B66C23/283—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail constructed to operate at successively higher levels with frameworks composed of assembled elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of lifting equipment, and in particular to a tower crane climbing frame and a tower crane including the tower crane climbing frame.
- BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Existing climbing frames generally have a single-side jacking structure, mainly because the upper load is small when the climbing frame is jacked up, and the one-side jacking is sufficient to meet the use requirements, and the climbing action of the climbing frame can be realized.
- the existing climbing frame is either integral or detachable, but the degree of detachability is different. Generally, it can only be disassembled into a K-shaped piece, which requires more space during transportation and is placed. inconvenient.
- the present invention is directed to a tower crane climbing frame and a tower crane including the tower crane climbing frame, which can disassemble the climbing frame into a separate rod or beam structure during transportation, which is convenient for installation and can be effectively utilized.
- a tower crane climbing frame comprising: four main chords arranged in parallel with each other; main beams are respectively disposed at two ends of the four main chords and fixed Connecting four main chords, four main chords and a main beam extending around the square body frame; the first jacking mechanism is disposed between the two main chords on one side, including the first jacking beam and the first top
- the lift cylinder is separately detachably connected between the four main chords and the main beam.
- the tower crane includes a second jacking mechanism disposed between the two main chords on the other side with respect to the first jacking mechanism, including a second jacking beam and a second jacking cylinder, A synchronous jacking control device is disposed between the second jacking cylinder and the first jacking cylinder.
- the tower crane includes a plurality of cross beams and a diagonal web, and is separately detachably disposed between the four main chords and the main beam to connect and support the four main chords and the main beam.
- the second jacking beam is detachably disposed between the two main chords, and a second jacking cylinder is hinged below the second jacking beam, and the telescopic end of the second jacking cylinder is movably disposed The second lifting bottom beam.
- two oblique webs are hinged below the second jacking beam, and the other ends of the two diagonal webs are respectively hinged on the two main chords on the other side.
- the four main chords are each formed by two short main chords fixed by bolts.
- a connecting flange is fixedly disposed at a connecting end of the two short main chords, and the bolt is disposed on the connecting flange, and a reinforcing rib is further disposed between the connecting flange and the short main chord.
- an overhanging beam is fixedly coupled to the outside of the two main chords and/or the two main chords.
- the outrigger is detachably coupled to the two main chords and/or the two main chords.
- a tower crane comprising a mounted standard section, a standard section to be installed, and a lower support disposed above the installed standard section, and the tower crane climbing frame, the tower crane The climber is located between the installed standard section and the lower support and is placed over the installed standard section.
- the tower crane includes four main chords and a rectangular parallelepiped frame surrounded by the main beam, and a first jacking mechanism is disposed on one side of the rectangular parallelepiped frame, including the first jacking beam and the first top
- the lift cylinder, the four main chords and the main beam are separately detachably connected, so that the entire climbing frame can be disassembled into a separate beam and rod structure, which is convenient for installation and disassembly, can be bundled and transported, and effectively saves installation and transportation costs.
- a second jacking mechanism is further disposed on the opposite side of the first jacking mechanism, including a second jacking beam and a second jacking cylinder.
- the double-side jacking mechanism reduces the unevenness of the overall structure of the large-sized boom tower crane climbing frame, and ensures uniform force.
- the main chords are fixed by the short main chords through high-strength bolts, which can effectively extend the overall length of the climbing frame to meet the standard installation requirements without affecting the convenience of transportation after the main chord is disassembled.
- An outrigger is connected to the outer side of the main chord of the installation jacking mechanism to further improve the connection strength of the tower crane and ensure the stability and safety of the jacking mechanism.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the structure of a tower crane according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a main chord of a tower crane according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 shows a second jacking mechanism of a tower crane according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 5 is a schematic exploded view of a tower crane according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the structure of a tower crane according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a main chord of a tower crane according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 shows a second jacking mechanism of a tower crane
- FIG. 6 shows a first jacking mechanism and a second top of a tower crane according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the mounting structure of the overhanging beam of the tower crane according to the embodiment of the present invention; and
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the synchronization of the tower crane according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- Lifting control device hydraulic schematic. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- a tower crane includes four main chords A, B, C, D and eight main beams 30 arranged in parallel with each other, and the main beam 30 is divided into two groups. , each group of four, respectively set at the four main chords A, B, C, D, and fixedly connected four main chords A, B, C, D, four main chords A, B, C , D and eight main beams 30 surround the square frame.
- the four main chords A, B, C, and D are fixedly provided with a plurality of ear plates with pin holes, which are convenient for connection during assembly of the tower crane, and other components are disposed through the pin shaft.
- Four main chords A, B, C, D and eight main beams 30 are fixedly provided with a plurality of ear plates with pin holes, which are convenient for connection during assembly of the tower crane, and other components are disposed through the pin shaft.
- a first jacking mechanism 10 is disposed between the two main chords on one side of the rectangular parallelepiped frame, and the first jacking mechanism 10 includes a first jacking beam 11 and a first jacking cylinder 12, first The two ends of the jacking beam 11 are connected with two main chords ⁇ , ,, and an ear plate with a pin hole is arranged at an intermediate portion and both sides of the lower side of the first jacking beam 11, and the first jacking cylinder 12 is hinged at The ear plate on the lower middle portion of the first lifting beam 11 is connected by a pin.
- a first jacking bottom beam is disposed at a lower end of the first jacking cylinder 12, and the first jacking bottom beam is movably disposed at an end of the first jacking cylinder 12 and follows the lower end of the first jacking cylinder 12 Telescopic movement and movement.
- a second jacking mechanism 20 is disposed on the rectangular parallelepiped frame on the opposite side of the first jacking mechanism 10, and the second jacking mechanism 20 is disposed between the two main chords C, D, including the second jacking beam 21 And a second jacking cylinder 22.
- the two jacking beams 21 are detachably disposed between the two main chords C, D, and the second jacking cylinder 22 is hinged below the second jacking beam 21, and is movable at the telescopic end of the second jacking cylinder 22.
- a second jacking bottom beam 23 is provided, and the second jacking bottom beam 23 follows the action of the telescopic end of the second jacking cylinder 22.
- the first jacking bottom beam and the second jacking bottom beam 23 are both wing-like structures, which can make the jacking bottom beam have stronger supporting strength and improve the performance of the jacking mechanism.
- a synchronous jacking control device is disposed between the first jacking mechanism 10 and the second jacking mechanism 20, which can ensure that the double jacking mechanism is always synchronized during the jacking process, thereby having a good balance and preventing the jacking In the process, the problem of excessive torque caused by the unbalance of the jacking increases the working stability and reliability of the jacking mechanism.
- the synchronous jacking control device includes a balancing valve 71 connected to the rodless chambers of the two jacking cylinders of the first jacking mechanism 10 and the second jacking mechanism 20, respectively, and the balancing valve 71 includes a one-way valve and A relief valve in parallel with the check valve.
- Two balancing valves 71 are arranged in parallel on a hydraulic line of the synchronous jacking control.
- the rod chambers of the two jacking cylinders are connected together by another hydraulic line.
- the synchronous jacking control also includes a three-position six-way valve to control the flow of the hydraulic circuit.
- a plurality of cross beams 40 and inclined webs 50 are disposed between the four main chords A, B, C, D and the eight main beams 30, and the plurality of cross beams 40 and the inclined webs 50 are respectively disposed in each of the rectangular parallelepiped frames In part, four main chords A, B, C, D and eight main beams 30 are connected and supported, and a first jacking mechanism 10 and a second jacking mechanism 20.
- the various parts of the tower crane including the main chords A, B, C, D and the main beam 30, as well as the plurality of beams 40 and the inclined web 50, can be disassembled into separate beams or rod structures, Disassemble each component into a minimum installation unit for easy disassembly and transportation, which can effectively reduce space occupation and reduce transportation costs.
- the beam 40 is a small rectangular box-shaped structure with pin holes at both ends, which is convenient to cooperate with the ear plate with the pin hole on the main chord, and is connected by the pin shaft.
- the structure is simple, convenient to use, easy to assemble and disassemble, and more
- the beams 40 have different sizes depending on the set position.
- An ear plate with a pin hole is further disposed below the second jacking beam 21, and two inclined webs 50 are hinged on the ear plate through the pin shaft, and the other ends of the two inclined webs 50 are respectively hinged through the pin shaft On the two main chords C, D, thereby having a detachable structure, and capable of forming an effective support for the second jacking mechanism 20, the support strength of the second jacking mechanism 20 is improved.
- the first jacking mechanism 10 has a similar structure to the second jacking mechanism 20.
- a plurality of detachable beams 40 and inclined webs 50 are also provided, which further strengthens the connection and support strength of the entire tower crane and improves the structural stability thereof.
- a roller bracket is arranged at the lower end portion and the middle portion of the tower crane, and a roller structure is arranged thereon, and the climbing process of the tower crane is carried out.
- the guiding mechanism of the tower crane is guided, and at the same time, the friction force between the climbing frame and the standard section can be reduced, and the lifting resistance is reduced.
- the four main chords A, B, C, and D are respectively fixed by two short main chords by bolts, and the connecting flanges are fixedly disposed at the connecting ends of the two short main chords. 32.
- the bolt is arranged on the connecting flange 32, and the two short main chords are fixedly connected together.
- the two main chords can be disassembled and turned into two short main chords, which is more convenient for installation and placement. , effectively preventing the inconvenience caused by the excessive length of the main chord.
- the length of the main chord can be lengthened, so that the tower crane has sufficient length and space to install the standard section to be installed.
- a reinforcing rib 33 is disposed between the connecting flange 32 and the short main chord, and the reinforcing rib 33 has a triangular plate-like structure, further strengthening the connection between the connecting flange 32 and the short main chord, and improving the support of the connecting flange 32.
- Strength enhancing the stability of the main chord.
- the bolt is a high strength bolt 31, and more preferably, the high strength bolt 31 is a friction type high strength bolt.
- the friction type high-strength bolt can further enhance the cooperation between the connecting flanges 32, reduce the possibility of relative displacement between the connecting flanges 32, and improve the structural strength and stability between the two short main chords.
- the outer side of the two main chords ⁇ , ⁇ and/or the two main chords C, D are fixedly connected with an overhanging beam 60, and the outer protruding beam 60 and the main chord are Disassemble the connection.
- the beam 30 Due to the presence of the first jacking mechanism 10 and the second jacking mechanism 20, the beam 30 cannot be placed at the mounting position of the first jacking mechanism 10 and the second jacking mechanism 20, resulting in the connection of the tower crane of the portion. The strength has been reduced.
- an overhanging beam 60 is provided on the outside of the jacking mechanism.
- the outer extension beam 60 has a laterally extending connecting end at both ends, and a flange structure is arranged at the connecting end end, and a flange structure is fixedly disposed on the main chord at the corresponding position, and the two parts of the flange are fixed by bolts. connected.
- the bolt is a high-strength bolt that further enhances the joint strength between the overhanging beam 60 and the two-part flange on the main chord, increasing its structural strength.
- the specific structure of the tower crane climbing frame is as follows: four main chords A, B, C, D which can be disassembled into two short main chords respectively, and high strength between the two short main chords
- the bolts 31 are connected, and the main chord A, the main chord B, the six oblique webs 50, the two main beams 30, one beam 40, two outriggers 60 and one jacking beam 11 form a double-sided jacking front a first lifting piece, a main chord C, a main chord D, two inclined webs 50, two main beams 30, two outriggers 60 and a jacking beam 21 form a double-sided jacking Behind a second top lift, front, The rear two lifting pieces are connected to each other by fourteen inclined webs 50, six beams 40, and four main beams 30 to form a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the outer extension beam 60 and the main chord are bolted, and other connections are Pin connection is used.
- a tower crane includes a mounted standard section, a standard section to be installed, and a lower support disposed above the installed standard section, and further includes the above-described tower crane climbing frame, and the tower crane climbing frame is installed Between the standard section and the lower support, and set on the installed standard section.
- the jacking beams on the first lifting body and the second lifting body of the climbing frame are respectively connected with the jacking cylinder through the pin shaft. When jacking up, the piston rod of the jacking cylinder gradually extends, and the lifting beam is lifted by the climbing frame.
- the hanging boots are hung on the step block welded on the main chord of the standard section of the tower, and the climbing frame and the tower structure above it are lifted up a distance along the tower body, so that the steps are repeated repeatedly to realize the tower type.
- the tower of the crane is increased.
- the three-position six-way valve is in the left position, the left hydraulic line is connected to the oil inlet, the right hydraulic line is connected to the oil outlet, and the hydraulic oil enters through the oil inlet, from the left
- the side hydraulic line flows, and then enters two balancing valves 71 arranged in parallel.
- the relief valve in the balancing valve 71 is closed, the oil passage is blocked, the one-way valve is opened under the pressure of the hydraulic oil, and the hydraulic oil passes through the one-way valve.
- the hydraulic oil on one side of the chamber flows back through the other hydraulic line and flows out from the oil outlet. Since the two hydraulic lines are connected, it is guaranteed to provide the same hydraulic oil pressure to ensure simultaneous jacking.
- the adjustable flow valve can be arranged on the hydraulic line of the check valve to the rodless cavity of the jacking cylinder to control the flow rate of the hydraulic oil passage, thereby realizing precise control of the hydraulic oil pressure, and further ensuring realization.
- Synchronous jacking When the three-position six-way valve is in the right position, the left hydraulic line is connected to the oil outlet, and the right hydraulic line is connected to the oil inlet. When the hydraulic oil enters the right hydraulic line from the oil inlet, respectively A rod cavity that flows to the two jacking cylinders.
- the check valve and the relief valve are provided on the hydraulic line on the side of the rodless chamber, the hydraulic circuit is different, and the oil on the side of the rodless chamber cannot flow out.
- the relief valve opens.
- the hydraulic oil on the side of the rodless chamber flows through the overflow valve and flows through the left circuit to the oil outlet and out from the oil outlet.
- the piston rod is gradually retracted, thereby achieving the contraction action of the jacking mechanism.
- the valve is also closed because the hydraulic oil without the rod cavity provides sufficient oil pressure, and the oil pressure of the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the two jacking cylinders is balanced, and the entire jacking mechanism is maintained.
- the climbing frame is also in a hold state, and the standard section to be installed on the climbing frame can be operated to complete the lifting work.
- An oil pressure gauge is also provided at the oil inlet, which can easily control the oil inlet pressure and is easier to operate.
- the upper part of the climbing frame structure is connected to the legs of the lower support of the tower crane, and is connected by a pin shaft. The lower part is placed on the four corners of the main section main string by two roller brackets in two layers; thus, the climbing frame structure can be made. Move up the tower body without tilting back and forth.
- the tower crane includes four main chords and a rectangular parallelepiped frame surrounded by the main beam, and is provided on one side of the rectangular frame.
- a jacking mechanism comprising a first jacking beam and a first jacking cylinder, the four main chords and the main beam are separately detachably connected, so that the entire climbing frame can be disassembled into a separate beam and rod structure, installed and disassembled Convenient, it can be bundled and transported, which effectively saves installation and transportation costs.
- a second jacking mechanism is further disposed on the opposite side of the first jacking mechanism, including a second jacking beam and a second jacking cylinder.
- the double-side jacking mechanism reduces the unevenness of the overall structure of the large-sized boom tower crane climbing frame, and ensures uniform force.
- the main chords are fixed by the short main chords through high-strength bolts, which can effectively extend the overall length of the climbing frame to meet the standard installation requirements without affecting the convenience of transportation after the main chord is disassembled.
- An outrigger is connected to the outer side of the main chord of the installation jacking mechanism to further improve the connection strength of the tower crane and ensure the stability and safety of the jacking mechanism.
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Abstract
公开了一种塔机爬升架及包含该塔机爬升架的塔式起重机。该塔机爬升架包括:四根主弦杆(A,B,C,D)和主横梁(30)围成的长方体框架;第一顶升机构(10),设置在长方体框架一侧的两根主弦杆(A,B)之间,四根主弦杆(A,B,C,D)和主横梁(30)之间单独可拆卸地连接。所述塔机爬升架能够在运输过程中拆卸成单独的杆或梁结构,便于安装放置,并能有效利用空间,减少不必要的空间占用,降低运输成本。
Description
塔机爬升架及包含该塔机爬升架的塔式起重机 技术领域 本发明涉及起重设备领域, 具体而言, 涉及一种塔机爬升架及包含该塔机爬升架 的塔式起重机。 背景技术 现有的爬升架一般都为单侧顶升结构, 主要是由于爬升架在顶升时, 上部载荷小, 单侧顶升足以满足使用要求, 能够实现爬升架的爬升动作。 另外, 现有爬升架或为整 体式的, 或为可拆式的, 不过可拆的程度不一, 一般只能拆成 K形片状, 在运输过程 中需要占用较多的空间, 而且放置不便。 而对于超大型动臂塔机来讲, 由于其起重力矩大, 因此要求标准节的高度与宽度 都较大, 在设计爬升架时, 为了与标准节相适应, 其整个长方体框架结构的高度与宽 度都非常的大, 导致在运输过程中占用的空间较大, 不能满足集装箱运输的尺寸要求, 而且由于爬升架的整体式结构, 其运输过程中的装配也十分不便, 不能够有效利用空 间, 造成运输成本的提高。 发明内容 本发明旨在提供一种塔机爬升架及包含该塔机爬升架的塔式起重机, 能够使爬升 架在运输过程中拆卸成单独的杆或梁结构, 便于安装放置, 并能有效利用空间, 减少 不必要的空间占用, 降低运输成本。 为了实现上述目的, 根据本发明的一个方面, 提供了一种塔机爬升架, 包括: 四 根主弦杆, 相互平行设置; 主横梁, 分别设置在四根主弦杆的两端, 并固定连接四根 主弦杆, 四根主弦杆和主横梁围成长方体框架; 第一顶升机构, 设置在一侧的两根主 弦杆之间, 包括有第一顶升横梁和第一顶升油缸, 四根主弦杆和主横梁之间单独可拆 卸地连接。 进一步地, 塔机爬升架还包括第二顶升机构, 相对于第一顶升机构设置在另一侧 的两根主弦杆之间, 包括第二顶升横梁和第二顶升油缸, 第二顶升油缸与第一顶升油 缸之间设置有同步顶升控制装置。
进一步地, 塔机爬升架还包括多根横梁和斜腹杆, 单独可拆卸地设置在四根主弦 杆和主横梁之间, 连接并支撑四根主弦杆和主横梁。 进一步地, 第二顶升横梁可拆卸地设置在两根主弦杆之间, 在第二顶升横梁下方 铰接有第二顶升油缸, 在第二顶升油缸的伸缩端可移动地设置有第二顶升底梁。 进一步地, 在第二顶升横梁的下方还铰接有两个斜腹杆, 两个斜腹杆的另一端分 别铰接在另一侧的两个主弦杆上。 进一步地, 四根主弦杆均由两节短主弦杆通过螺栓固定连接而成。 进一步地, 在两节短主弦杆的连接端均固定设置有连接法兰, 螺栓设置在连接法 兰上, 在连接法兰与短主弦杆之间还设置有加强筋。 进一步地, 在两个主弦杆和 /或两个主弦杆的外侧固定连接有外伸梁。 进一步地, 外伸梁与两个主弦杆和 /或两个主弦杆之间可拆卸地连接。 根据本发明 的另一方面, 提供了一种塔式起重机, 包括已装标准节、 待装标准节和设置在已装标 准节上方的下支座, 还包括上述的塔机爬升架, 塔机爬升架位于已装标准节和下支座 之间, 并套设在已装标准节上。 根据本发明的技术方案,塔机爬升架包括四根主弦杆和主横梁围成的长方体框架, 在长方体框架的一侧设置有第一顶升机构, 包括第一顶升横梁和第一顶升油缸, 四根 主弦杆和主横梁均单独可拆卸地连接, 使整个爬升架能够拆卸成单独的梁、 杆结构, 安装、 拆卸便利, 可以进行捆绑运输, 有效的节省了安装、 运输成本。 在第一顶升机 构的相对侧还设置有第二顶升机构, 包括第二顶升横梁和第二顶升油缸。 双侧顶升机 构使大型动臂塔机爬升架整体结构受力的不均匀性降低, 保证受力均匀, 在塔机顶升 加节时, 使整个爬升架结构受力均衡, 不存在单侧受力变化大的因素, 从而减少对整 体钢结构的疲劳强度的影响, 提高塔机爬升架的结构强度和工作性能。 主弦杆均由短 主弦杆通过高强度螺栓固定连接而成, 能够有效延长爬升架的整体长度, 使其满足标 准节安装要求, 同时不会影响主弦杆拆卸后运输的便利性。 在安装顶升机构的主弦杆 的外侧连接有外伸梁, 进一步提高塔机爬升架的连接强度, 保证顶升机构的稳定性和 安全性。 附图说明 构成本发明的一部分的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 本发明的示意性实 施例及其说明用于解释本发明, 并不构成对本发明的不当限定。 在附图中:
图 1示出了根据本发明的实施例的塔机爬升架的立体结构示意图; 图 2示出了根据本发明的实施例的塔机爬升架的主弦杆的结构示意图; 图 3示出了根据本发明的实施例的塔机爬升架的第一顶升机构所在侧单片爬升架 的结构示意图; 图 4示出了根据本发明的实施例的塔机爬升架的第二顶升机构的结构示意图; 图 5示出了根据本发明的实施例的塔机爬升架的分解结构示意图; 图 6示出了根据本发明的实施例的塔机爬升架的第一顶升机构和第二顶升机构的 结构示意图; 图 7示出了根据本发明的实施例的塔机爬升架的外伸梁的安装结构示意图; 以及 图 8示出了根据本发明的实施例的塔机爬升架的同步顶升控制装置液压原理图。 具体实施方式 下文中将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。 需要说明的是, 在不冲突的 情况下, 本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。 如图 1至图 8所示, 根据本发明的实施例, 塔机爬升架包括相互平行设置的四根 主弦杆 A,B,C,D和八根主横梁 30, 主横梁 30分成两组, 每小组四根, 分别设置在四 根主弦杆 A,B,C,D两端, 并固定连接四根主弦杆 A,B,C,D, 四根主弦杆 A,B,C,D和八 根主横梁 30围成长方体框架。其中四根主弦杆 A,B,C,D上均固定设置有多个带有销轴 孔的耳板, 便于在塔机爬升架的组装过程中进行连接, 将其它部件通过销轴设置在四 根主弦杆 A,B,C,D和八根主横梁 30之间。 在长方体框架的一侧的两根主弦杆 Α,Β之 间设置有第一顶升机构 10, 第一顶升机构 10包括有第一顶升横梁 11和第一顶升油缸 12, 第一顶升横梁 11两端与两根主弦杆 Α,Β连接, 在第一顶升横梁 11的下侧中间部 位和两边均设置有带销轴孔的耳板, 第一顶升油缸 12铰接在第一顶升横梁 11的下侧 中间部位的耳板上, 并通过销轴进行连接。在第一顶升油缸 12的下端设置有第一顶升 底梁, 第一顶升底梁可移动地设置在第一顶升油缸 12 的端部, 并跟随第一顶升油缸 12的下端的伸缩运动而运动。 在第一顶升机构 10的相对侧的长方体框架上设置有第二顶升机构 20, 第二顶升 机构 20设置在两根主弦杆 C,D之间, 包括有第二顶升横梁 21和第二顶升油缸 22。第
二顶升横梁 21可拆卸地设置在两根主弦杆 C,D之间, 第二顶升油缸 22铰接在第二顶 升横梁 21的下方, 在第二顶升油缸 22的伸缩端可移动地设置有第二顶升底梁 23, 第 二顶升底梁 23跟随第二顶升油缸 22的伸缩端的动作而动作。 第一顶升底梁和第二顶 升底梁 23均为机翼状结构,可以使顶升底梁具有更强的支撑强度,提升顶升机构的性 能。 第一顶升机构 10和第二顶升机构 20之间设置有同步顶升控制装置, 能够保证双 侧顶升机构在顶升过程中始终保持同步, 从而具有很好的平衡, 防止了顶升过程中由 于顶升不平衡所带来的扭矩过大的问题, 提高顶升机构的工作稳定性和可靠性。 结合参见图 8,同步顶升控制装置包括分别与第一顶升机构 10和第二顶升机构 20 的两个顶升油缸的无杆腔连接的平衡阀 71, 平衡阀 71包括单向阀和与单向阀并联的 溢流阀。两个平衡阀 71并联设置在同步顶升控制装置的一条液压管路上。两个顶升油 缸的有杆腔之间通过另一条液压管路连通在一起。 同步顶升控制装置还包括一个三位 六通阀来控制液压油路的流通。 在四根主弦杆 A,B,C,D和八根主横梁 30之间还设置有多根横梁 40和斜腹杆 50, 多根横梁 40和斜腹杆 50分别设置在长方体框架的各个部分, 连接并支撑四根主弦杆 A,B,C,D和八根主横梁 30, 以及第一顶升机构 10和第二顶升机构 20。 优选地, 塔机 爬升架的各个部分,包括主弦杆 A,B,C,D和主横梁 30, 以及多根横梁 40和斜腹杆 50, 均可以拆卸成单独的梁或杆结构, 能够将各个部件拆卸成最小安装单位, 便于拆卸和 运输, 能够有效减少空间占用, 降低运输成本。其中横梁 40为两端具有销轴孔的小长 方体箱形结构, 便于与主弦杆上的带销轴孔的耳板配合, 通过销轴进行连接, 结构简 单, 使用方便, 拆装容易, 多个横梁 40根据设置位置的不同而具有不同的大小。 在第二顶升横梁 21的下方还设置有带销轴孔的耳板,在耳板上通过销轴铰接有两 个斜腹杆 50, 两个斜腹杆 50的另一端分别通过销轴铰接在两个主弦杆 C,D上, 从而 具有可拆卸的结构, 并能够对第二顶升机构 20 形成有效的支撑, 提高第二顶升机构 20的支撑强度。 第一顶升机构 10具有与第二顶升机构 20类似的结构。 在第二顶升机 构 20的第二顶升横梁 21的上方至上端的主横梁 30之间具有安装空间,安装空间之内 的长方形框架中并不设置横梁 40和斜腹杆 50, 以便为标准节从外侧安装进入塔机爬 升架中留出空间, 方便其安装。 在第一顶升机构 10的第一顶升横梁 11、 其上方的主 横梁 30之间以及两个主弦杆 Α,Β之间铰接有多个横梁 40和斜腹杆 50,对主弦杆 Α,Β 之间的连接结构和第一顶升机构 10的结构强度都有很好的加强作用。
在两个顶升机构两侧的长方体框架中, 也设置了多个可拆卸的横梁 40 和斜腹杆 50, 进一步加强整个塔机爬升架的连接和支撑强度, 提高其结构稳定性。 在塔机爬升 架的上端部具有与塔机下支座相连接的接头, 在塔机爬升架的下端部以及中间部位具 有滚轮支架, 其上设置有滚轮结构, 在塔机爬升架的爬升过程中, 对塔机爬升架起到 导向作用, 同时能够减小爬升架和标准节之间的摩擦作用力, 降低顶升阻力。 在本实施例中, 四根主弦杆 A,B,C,D均由两节短主弦杆通过螺栓固定连接而成, 在两节短主弦杆的连接端均固定设置有连接法兰 32, 螺栓设置在连接法兰 32上, 将 两节短主弦杆固定连接在一起, 在运输时, 可以将两节主弦杆拆卸开, 变成两节短主 弦杆, 更加便于安装放置, 有效防止了主弦杆长度过长所带来的运输不便的问题。 在 使用时将两节短主弦杆连接在一起, 能够加长主弦杆的长度, 使塔机爬升架具有足够 的长度和空间安装待装标准节。 连接法兰 32与短主弦杆之间设置有加强筋 33, 加强 筋 33为三角形板状结构, 进一步加强连接法兰 32与短主弦杆之间的连接作用, 提高 连接法兰 32的支撑强度, 增强主弦杆的稳定性。 优选地, 螺栓为高强度螺栓 31, 更 优选地, 高强度螺栓 31为摩擦型高强度螺栓。摩擦型高强度螺栓能够进一步增强连接 法兰 32之间的配合作用, 降低连接法兰 32之间发生相对位移的可能性, 提高两节短 主弦杆之间的结构强度和稳定性。 优选地,在本实施例中,两个主弦杆 Α,Β和 /或两个主弦杆 C,D的外侧固定连接有 外伸梁 60, 外伸梁 60与主弦杆之间为可拆卸地连接。 由于第一顶升机构 10和第二顶 升机构 20的存在,在第一顶升机构 10和第二顶升机构 20的安装位置不能够设置横梁 30, 导致该部位的塔机爬升架的连接强度有所降低。 为了减少顶升机构的安装对塔机 爬升架的结构强度的不利影响, 在顶升机构的外侧设置有外伸梁 60。 外伸梁 60两端 具有侧向伸出的连接端, 在连接端端部设置有法兰结构, 在其对应位置的主弦杆上也 固定设置有法兰结构,两部分法兰通过螺栓固定连接在一起。在外伸梁 60的连接作用 下, 有效弥补了由于顶升机构的存在所带来的该部分的连接强度降低的问题, 进一步 增强了塔机爬升架的结构强度, 保持了其工作的稳定性和安全性。 优选地, 螺栓为高 强度螺栓, 能够进一步增强外伸梁 60上和主弦杆上的两部分法兰之间的连接强度,增 加其结构强度。 在本实施例中, 塔机爬升架的具体结构如下: 四根分别可拆成两节短主弦杆的主 弦杆 A,B,C,D, 两节短主弦杆之间采用高强度螺栓 31连接, 主弦杆 A、 主弦杆 B、 六 根斜腹杆 50、 两根主横梁 30、 一根横梁 40、 两根外伸梁 60与一根顶升横梁 11组成 双侧顶升前面的一个第一顶升片体, 主弦杆 C、 主弦杆 D、 两根斜腹杆 50、 两根主横 梁 30、两根外伸梁 60与一根顶升横梁 21组成双侧顶升后面的一个第二顶升片体,前、
后两个顶升片体通过十四根斜腹杆 50、 六根横梁 40、 四根主横梁 30相互连接, 组成 一个长方体结构, 外伸梁 60与主弦杆之间采用螺栓连接、 其它连接均采用销轴连接。 根据本发明的实施例的塔式起重机, 包括已装标准节、 待装标准节和设置在已装 标准节上方的下支座, 还包括上述的塔机爬升架, 塔机爬升架位于已装标准节和下支 座之间, 并套设在已装标准节上。 爬升架第一顶升片体、第二顶升片体上的顶升横梁分别与顶升油缸通过销轴相连, 顶升时, 顶升油缸的活塞杆逐渐外伸, 通过爬升架顶升横梁上的挂靴挂在焊接于塔架 标准节主弦杆上的踏步块上,把爬升架及其上方的塔机结构沿塔身方向顶升一段距离, 如此不断的反复步进, 实现塔式起重机塔身加节升高。 当进行顶升动作时, 三位六通阀处于左工位, 左侧液压管路与进油口连通, 右侧 液压管路与出油口连通, 液压油通过进油口进入之后, 从左侧液压管路流通, 然后进 入并联设置的两个平衡阀 71, 平衡阀 71 中的溢流阀关闭, 油路不通, 单向阀在液压 油的压力作用下打开,液压油经过单向阀之后分别进入第一顶升油缸 12和第二顶升油 缸 22的无杆腔, 在液压油的压力作用下, 两个顶升油缸的活塞杆伸出, 将两个顶升机 构顶起, 有杆腔一侧的液压油通过另一条液压管路回流, 并从出油口流出。 由于两个 液压管路连通, 因此能够保证提供相同的液压油压力, 保证实现同步顶升。 优选地, 在单向阀通向顶升油缸无杆腔的液压管路上, 还可以设置可调节流阀, 以控制液压油 路流量大小, 实现对液压油压力的精确控制, 更进一步地保证实现同步顶升。 当三位六通阀处于右工位时, 左侧液压管路与出油口连通, 右侧液压管路与进油 口连通, 当液压油从进油口进入右侧液压管路后, 分别流向两个顶升油缸的有杆腔。 此时由于无杆腔一侧的液压管路上设置有单向阀和溢流阀, 液压管路不同, 无杆腔一 侧油液无法流出。 随着液压油压力的进一步提高, 由于有杆腔一侧的油压同时作为溢 流阀的控制油压, 当有杆腔一侧的油压达到溢流阀的打开压力时, 溢流阀打开, 无杆 腔一侧的液压油通过溢流阀流通, 并通过左侧回路流至出油口, 并从出油口流出。 在 液压油的压力作用下, 活塞杆逐渐回缩, 从而实现顶升机构的收缩动作。 当三位六通阀位于中间工位时, 进油口与两个顶升油缸之间的液压管路断开, 右 侧液压管路与出油口连通, 此时单向阀关闭, 溢流阀由于没有有杆腔的液压油提供足 够的油液压力, 因此也处于关闭状态, 两个顶升油缸的有杆腔和无杆腔的油液压力保 持平衡, 整个顶升机构处于保持状态, 爬升架也处于保持状态, 此时可以对设置在爬 升架上的待装标准节进行操作, 以便完成顶升工作。 在进油口处还设置有油压表, 能够方便地控制进油压力, 操作更加简单。
爬升架结构上部连接于塔机下支座的支腿上, 通过销轴连接, 下部分通过八个滚 轮支架分两层靠在标准节主弦的四个角上;这样就可以使爬升架结构沿塔身向上运动, 且不发生前后左右倾翻。 从以上的描述中, 可以看出, 本发明上述的实施例实现了如下技术效果: 塔机爬 升架包括四根主弦杆和主横梁围成的长方体框架, 在长方体框架的一侧设置有第一顶 升机构, 包括第一顶升横梁和第一顶升油缸, 四根主弦杆和主横梁均单独可拆卸地连 接, 使整个爬升架能够拆卸成单独的梁、 杆结构, 安装、 拆卸便利, 可以进行捆绑运 输, 有效的节省了安装、运输成本。在第一顶升机构的相对侧还设置有第二顶升机构, 包括第二顶升横梁和第二顶升油缸。 双侧顶升机构使大型动臂塔机爬升架整体结构受 力的不均匀性降低, 保证受力均匀, 在塔机顶升加节时, 使整个爬升架结构受力均衡, 不存在单侧受力变化大的因素, 从而减少对整体钢结构的疲劳强度的影响, 提高塔机 爬升架的结构强度和工作性能。 主弦杆均由短主弦杆通过高强度螺栓固定连接而成, 能够有效延长爬升架的整体长度, 使其满足标准节安装要求, 同时不会影响主弦杆拆 卸后运输的便利性。 在安装顶升机构的主弦杆的外侧连接有外伸梁, 进一步提高塔机 爬升架的连接强度, 保证顶升机构的稳定性和安全性。 以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已, 并不用于限制本发明, 对于本领域的技 术人员来说, 本发明可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内, 所作的 任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims
1. 一种塔机爬升架, 包括:
四根主弦杆 (A,B,C,D), 相互平行设置;
主横梁 (30), 分别设置在四根所述主弦杆 (A,B,C,D) 的两端, 并固定连 接四根所述主弦杆(A,B,C,D), 四根所述主弦杆(A,B,C,D)和所述主横梁(30) 围成长方体框架;
第一顶升机构 (10), 设置在一侧的两根所述主弦杆 (Α,Β) 之间, 包括有 第一顶升横梁 (11 ) 和第一顶升油缸 (12),
其特征在于, 四根所述主弦杆 (A,B,C,D) 和所述主横梁 (30) 之间单独 可拆卸地连接。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的塔机爬升架, 其特征在于, 还包括第二顶升机构 (20), 相对于所述第一顶升机构 (10) 设置在另一侧的两根所述主弦杆 (C,D) 之间, 包括第二顶升横梁(21 )和第二顶升油缸(22), 所述第二顶升油缸(22)与所 述第一顶升油缸 (12) 之间设置有同步顶升控制装置。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的塔机爬升架, 其特征在于, 还包括多根横梁 (40) 和斜 腹杆(50),单独可拆卸地设置在四根所述主弦杆(A,B,C,D)和所述主横梁(30) 之间, 连接并支撑四根所述主弦杆 (A,B,C,D) 和所述主横梁 (30)。
4. 根据权利要求 2所述的塔机爬升架, 其特征在于, 所述第二顶升横梁 (21 ) 可 拆卸地设置在两根所述主弦杆 (C,D) 之间, 在所述第二顶升横梁 (21 ) 下方 铰接有所述第二顶升油缸(22), 在所述第二顶升油缸(22)的伸缩端可移动地 设置有第二顶升底梁 (23 )。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的塔机爬升架, 其特征在于, 在所述第二顶升横梁 (21 ) 的下方还铰接有两个所述斜腹杆(50), 两个所述斜腹杆(50)的另一端分别铰 接在所述另一侧的两个主弦杆 (C,D) 上。
6. 根据权利要求 1所述的塔机爬升架, 其特征在于, 四根所述主弦杆 (A,B,C,D) 均由两节短主弦杆通过螺栓 (31 ) 固定连接而成。 根据权利要求 6所述的塔机爬升架, 其特征在于, 在两节所述短主弦杆的连接 端均固定设置有连接法兰(32), 所述螺栓(31 )设置在所述连接法兰(32)上, 在所述连接法兰 (32) 与所述短主弦杆之间还设置有加强筋 (33 )。 根据权利要求 1至 7中任一项所述的塔机爬升架, 其特征在于, 在两个所述主 弦杆 (Α,Β) 和 /或两个所述主弦杆 (C,D) 的外侧固定连接有外伸梁 (60)。 根据权利要求 8所述的塔机爬升架, 其特征在于, 所述外伸梁 (60) 与两个所 述主弦杆 (Α,Β) 和 /或两个所述主弦杆 (C,D) 之间可拆卸地连接。 一种塔式起重机, 包括已装标准节、 待装标准节和设置在所述已装标准节上方 的下支座, 其特征在于, 还包括权利要求 1至 9中任一项所述的塔机爬升架, 所述塔机爬升架位于所述已装标准节和所述下支座之间, 并套设在所述已装标 准节上。
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| CN102616683B (zh) * | 2012-04-05 | 2015-06-17 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | 塔机爬升架及包含该爬升架的塔式起重机 |
| CN102616679B (zh) * | 2012-04-16 | 2013-09-04 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | 塔式起重机及其爬升架和爬升架的安装方法 |
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