WO2012165693A1

WO2012165693A1 - Method for producing young prawns using biological feed

Info

Publication number: WO2012165693A1
Application number: PCT/KR2011/004756
Authority: WO
Inventors: 강순태; 전진영; 한재갑
Original assignee: 대상 주식회사
Priority date: 2011-05-31
Filing date: 2011-06-29
Publication date: 2012-12-06
Also published as: CN103458679B; KR101115287B1; CN103458679A

Abstract

Provided is a method for producing young prawns, the method comprising providing prawn larvae with Chlorella, a rotifer and Artemia as a biological feed. The method for producing young prawns according to the present invention is suitable for volume production as it makes it possible to achieve high survival rates of approximately 60%, possible to increase the growth rate of the prawn larvae and possible to prevent deterioration in water quality as it substantially decreases ammonia nitrogen and microorganism growth.

Description

Method of producing shrimp seedlings using biological feed

The present invention relates to a method for producing shrimp seedlings using a biological feed, and more particularly, to a method for producing shrimp seedlings comprising providing chlorella, rotifers, and althemia to shrimp larvae as a biological feed.

A variety of shrimps, including white lobster, belonging to the Bodhisattva family, are widely farmed around the world, including the Pacific coast and Asia. In Korea, about 100 tons were produced in private farms for the first time in 2004, but they are suffering from mass mortality and deterioration in productivity due to disease infection and water quality destabilization at the larval stage.

In the production of shrimp seedlings, mass mortality and a decrease in productivity are mainly caused by viruses and deterioration of water quality, which are caused by the flotation of conventional compound feeds and feed additives used in seed production. The main components of the blended feed are fish meal and dried althemia, and most of the components are proteins, and various organic substances such as vitamins and amino acids are mixed with ash. For the production of shrimp seedlings, we use a strainer to loosen the blended feed to about 60 μm or less and put it in the culture water, which is accompanied by floating phenomenon and deterioration of water quality. It's working. In fact, the average survival rate of shrimp larvae at home and abroad using compound feed is very low (15-35%).

On the other hand, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 4-356145 has disclosed an artificial breeding method of nukaebi (rice shrimp) that can be used to monitor the contamination of river water by pesticides. In other words, it has been disclosed that the survival rate of NUCA Ebi larvae can be increased by feeding chlorella to NUCA EBI immediately after hatching. However, even with the breeding method according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. Hei 4-356145, the survival rate is only 33% on average, and there is still a limit to stably supplying edible shrimp seedlings such as white shrimp.

The present inventors have variously studied the availability of bio-feedstuffs that can fundamentally avoid the problems associated with the use of conventional blended feed in the production of shrimp seedlings. As a result, a combination of certain biological feeds, namely chlorella, rotifer, and althemia, can be supplied to shrimp larvae according to the metamorphosis time to achieve a high survival rate of about 60% and to increase the rate of growth of shrimp larvae. It has been found that it can increase, prevent water deterioration, and is suitable for mass production.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing shrimp seedlings using chlorella, rotifers, and althemia as biofeeds.

According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of producing shrimp seedlings comprising providing chlorella, rotifers, and althemia to shrimp larvae as biofeeds.

In the production method of the shrimp seedling of the present invention, the chlorella is preferably provided from the opening stage of the shrimp larvae to the post-larvae stage. The rotifers are preferably provided from the zoea stage of the shrimp larvae to the mysis stage. In addition, the Altemia is preferably provided from the mysis stage of the shrimp larvae to the post-larvae stage.

The chlorella may be provided in the form of a concentrated solution of 120 to 150 g (dry weight) / L, the concentrate may be provided once a day at a rate of 100 to 600 mL per 13 tons of positive water.

The rotifers may be provided at 33-70 / shrimp one of the _object class is 31 days in an amount to 4 times. Preferably, the rotifer is provided in a single feed of 33-50 shrimp / shrimp _individuals in zoea 1 stage, and from zoea 2 stage to zoea 3 stage. 46-66 / shrimp are available in the amount of one class of _objects, Article O 3 (zoea 3) step up my system 3 (mysis 3) steps from a single dose level of 50-70 / shrimp _object to , Three to four times daily.

The althemia is provided in a single feed of 200-250 g in the form of a concentrate of 600-1000 grains / mL, the concentrate being 1 to the post-larvae stage from the mysis stage of shrimp larvae. It may be provided 2 to 4 times a day.

According to the present invention, it has been found that a combination of chlorella, rotifer, and althemia as bio-feedstuffs, when controlled and supplied to shrimp larvae according to metamorphic times, can achieve a high survival rate of about 60%. In addition, the method for producing shrimp seedlings according to the present invention can increase the growth rate of shrimp larvae, and can significantly reduce water quality by significantly reducing ammonia nitrogen and microbial growth, suitable for mass production.

The present invention provides a method of producing shrimp seedlings comprising providing chlorella, rotifers, and althemia to shrimp larvae as biofeeds.

Shrimp larvae transform into nauplius stage, zoea stage, mysis stage, and post-larvae stage immediately after hatching. Nauplius stages are divided from Nauplius stage 1 (Nuplius 1, N1) to Nauplius stage 5 (Nauplius 5, N5), but N5 to N6 are commonly referred to as opening stages. Zoea stage is divided into zoea stage 1 (zoea 1, Z1), zoea stage 2 (zoea 2, Z2), and zoea stage 3 (zoea 3, Z3). In addition, the mysis step is also divided into the first step of mysis (mysis 1, M1), the second step of mysis (mysis 2, M2), and the third step of mysis (mysis 3, M3). Shrimp larvae transformed from M3 to late larval stages are commonly referred to as shrimp seedlings. In the shrimp seedling production method according to the present invention, the type of feed is controlled according to the transformation stage of the shrimp larvae being nurtured.

The chlorella can be used without limitation to those cultured according to a conventional culture method (for example, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0193748, etc.). That is, chlorella obtained by a conventional culture method may be used, but may be used in the form of a suspension obtained by suspending chlorella in water, but is not limited thereto. The concentration of chlorella in the chlorella suspension is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 120 to 150 g (dry weight) / L, more preferably in the range of 120 to 140 g (dry weight) / L, even more preferably 120 It can be used in the form of a concentrate of -130 g (dry weight) / L. The chlorella is preferably provided from the opening stage of the shrimp larvae to the post-larvae stage. In one embodiment, the chlorella is provided in the form of a concentrate of 120-150 g (dry weight) / L, the concentrate may be provided once a day at a rate of 100 to 600 mL per 13 tons of positive water.

The rotifer is a scientific name Brachionus rotundiformis ( Brachionus rotundiformis ), it is possible to use the usual S-type (small) and L-type (large) rotifers used as a feed for fry, preferably S- You can use the type rotator, but it is not limited to this. It has been found by the present invention that the rotifers are preferably added to the metamorphic shrimp larvae that can feed large foods through the opening stage. That is, it is particularly preferable to provide a specific content from the zoea stage of the shrimp larvae to the mysis stage. In one embodiment, the rotifer is the rotifer may be provided three to four times a day in a single feeding amount of 33 to 70 / shrimp _individuals . Specifically, the rotifer is provided in a single feeding amount of 33-50 shrimp / shrimp _individuals in zoea 1 stage, and from zoea 2 stage to zoea 3 stage. 1 feed of 46-66 shrimp / shrimp _individuals , and 50-70 fish / shrimp _populations from zoea 3 to mysis 3 , Three to four times daily.

The althemia can be preferably used to separate the eggshell (으로) with freshly hatched larvae. The althemia is preferably provided from the mysis stage of the shrimp larvae to the post-larvae stage. In one embodiment, the althemia is provided in a single feed amount of 200-250 g in the form of a concentrate of 600-1000 grains / mL, preferably in the form of a concentrate of about 800 grains / mL, the concentrate of the shrimp larvae It may be provided 2-4 times a day from the mysis stage to the post-larvae stage.

According to one embodiment of the method for producing shrimp seedlings according to the present invention, the chlorella is provided from the opening stage of the shrimp larvae to the post-larvae stage; The rotifers are provided from the zoea stage of the shrimp larvae to the mysis stage.

According to another embodiment of the method for producing shrimp seedlings according to the present invention, the chlorella is provided from the opening stage of the shrimp larvae to the post-larvae stage: the rotifer is obtained from the larvae of shrimp larvae. from zoea) to mysis; The althemia is provided from the mysis stage of the shrimp larvae to the post-larvae stage.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. However, these examples are for illustrating the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to these examples.

실시예Example

Unless otherwise indicated in the examples below, the production of shrimp seedlings uses a 20-ton water tank (a tank size of about 2.9mx 3.87m in width x length) with 49 air stone and wood-fired heater tubes installed. And it was performed under the conditions of Table 1 below.

Table 1

Item	Positive condition
water	13tone
Shrimp roe stock	About 3 million objects or more
Temperature	31 ~ 35 ℃
Salinity	2.8 to 3.0%
Dissolved oxygen	6.1 to 7.0 ppm
pH	7.9-8.24

In addition, the results of training the shrimp larvae using a conventional compound feed for comparison was also evaluated, and the compound feed was purchased from Hainan Fisheries Feed in Hainan Province, China.

실시예 1. 클로렐라 단독 급이에 따른 영향 평가Example 1 Evaluation of the Effect of Chlorella Alone Feeding

Six tanks were prepared and two, two tanks of 100, 600, and 900 ml feeding groups were placed, and shrimp were cultivated under the conditions of Table 1 above. Chlorella in the form of 125 g (dry weight) / L of concentrate, daily from the opening stage of shrimp larvae, from Nauplius 5 (N5) to post-larvae (PL) Feed once a day. In addition, for comparison, shrimp larvae were positively evaluated using a conventional compounded feed having the composition shown in Table 2 above. The results of evaluating the survival and water quality (ammonia nitrogen content and microbial concentration) of shrimp larvae 11 days after stocking are shown in Table 2 below.

TABLE 2

division	11 days after the intake (PL stage)
division	Survival rate (%)	NH ₃ -N (ppm)	CFU (x10 ⁷ )
Compound Feed	31	10.8	3.54
100 ml of chlorella	12	4.1	1.21
600 ml of chlorella	25	4.3	1.01
Chlorella 900 ml	16	5.2	1.36

From the results of Table 2, the group fed the feed compound had a higher survival rate than the test group fed the chlorella alone. This indicates that feeding chlorella alone is less efficient than the feed compound, but it shows a similar growth rate until the PL stage, and surviving shows that chlorella is suitable as an initial feed and may contribute to the growth and metamorphosis of larvae immediately after the opening to the PL stage. Means that you can. Among the chlorella feeding group, 600ml feeding group had the highest survival rate. The more chlorella feeding group, the higher the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and microorganisms in the water tank, but it was significantly lower than that of the control group. Able to know. From the above results, it can be seen that the daily chlorella feeding amount is preferably 100 to 600 ml.

실시예 2. 로티퍼의 급이에 따른 영향 평가Example 2 Evaluation of the Effect of Feeding of the Rotifer

(1) Evaluation of the effect of rotifer feeding in the opening stage

The survival and water quality were evaluated by feeding rotifers to the shrimp larvae of Nauplius 5 (N5). Six tanks were prepared as in Example 1, three tanks fed the feed compound, and the remaining three tanks fed only the rotifers alone to cultivate shrimp under the conditions of Table 1 above. The rotifers were fed from Nauplius 5 (N5) shrimp to a concentration of 25 to 33 / shrimp _individuals three times a day, and then evaluated for survival and water quality (microbial concentration). For comparison, shrimp larvae were positively assessed with conventional blended feed. The results are shown in Table 3 below.

TABLE 3

Feed compound		Rotifer
Survival rate (%)	CFU (x10 ⁵ )	Survival rate (%)	CFU (x10 ⁵ )
48	9.87	0	1.23

As can be seen from the results of Table 3, when only rotifers were fed alone, the feeding efficiency was lower than that of the fed feed, and all were killed after 4 days of culture. This means that rotifers are not suitable as food for freshly opened larvae after hatching. Although it is not yet clear, freshly opened shrimp larvae do not feed rotifers, and the remaining rotifers continuously produce ammonia in the water tank, suggesting that the produced ammonia has a fatal effect on shrimp larvae growth.

(2) Evaluation of the effects of gradual feeding of chlorella and rotifers

From the results of Table 3, the effects of rotifer feeding in the metamorphosis stage to feed a larger food was evaluated. That is, shrimp larvae (zoa 1, Z1) about 2 days after stocking, shrimp larvae (zoea 2, Z2) to 3 stages (zoa 2, Z2) after about 4 days ( zoea 3, Z3)], and shrimp larvae (Joea 3, Z3) to Mysis 1 (mysis 1, M1), which were about 6 days old, were evaluated. . Put 200 ml of culture water in a 200 ml beaker, maintain the temperature at 31 ° C, stock each shrimp larvae to 48, 46, and 32 individuals / 200 ml, add airstone to keep dissolved oxygen above 6 ppm After inoculation so that the rotifer concentration was 45, 90, 135 individuals / shrimp _individuals , the rotifer residue was confirmed after about 9 hours, and the feeding amount was calculated. Chlorella was fed about 9.2 μL into each beaker in the form of 125 g (dry weight) / L concentrate. The results are shown in Tables 4 to 6 below.

Table 4

Table 5

Table 6

As can be seen from the results in Tables 4 to 6, shrimp larvae (Joa 1, Z1) about 2 days after stocking consumed about 27 rotifers per individual, Shrimp larvae 4 days old (zoea 2, Z2) to 3 zoea 3, Z3) consumed approximately 49 rotifers per individual, and about 6 days old shrimp larvae. Larvae (zoa 3, Z3) to mysis 1 (M1) consumed about 44 rotifers per individual. In conclusion, Shrimp larvae in Zoea stages 1, 2, 3, and mysis stages showed different rotifer feeding rates at different stages, suggesting that rotifers may need to be fed at different stages. .

(3) Scale-up test-staged feeding of chlorella and rotifers

Based on the results of (2) above, a scale-up test was performed in a 13 ton water tank. Chlorella and rotifers were fed stepwise using a 13-ton water bath under the conditions of Table 1. Chlorella was supplied in a concentrated form of 125 g (dry weight) / L, 350 ml per day, daily from the opening stage of shrimp larvae. The rotifer was measured while feeding in a variety of ranges for the shrimp larvae of the Z1 stage, shrimp larvae of the Z2 to Z3 stage, shrimp larvae of the Z3 to M3 stage. In the small-scale test (beaker test), the rotifer was supplied to the M1 stage, but in the scale-up test, the supply of the rotifer to the M3 stage was also evaluated.

As a result, in contrast to small-scale trials, higher feed rates were required for large-scale trials. That is, the shrimp larvae of the Z1 stage once feeding amount of 33-50 / shrimp _object, Z2 to one grade of shrimp larvae amount of the phase Z3 is 46-66 / shrimp _object, and Z3 to step M3 One-time feeding of shrimp larvae was suitable for 50-70 / shrimp _individuals , and feeding was preferably three to four times a day.

실시예 3. 클로렐라, 로티퍼, 및 알테미아 급이에 따른 영향 평가Example 3 Assessment of Impact of Chlorella, Rotifer, and Artemia Feeding

The production efficiency of shrimp seedlings was evaluated while supplying chlorella, rotifers, and althemia as a bio feed in combination with shrimp larvae. In addition, while feeding the blended feed for comparison, the production efficiency of shrimp seedlings was evaluated.

Altemia was fed daily from the time when all the shrimp larvae were transformed into mysis 1 (M1) to the post-larvae (PL) stage, about 250 g in the form of 800 individuals / ml of the Altemia suspension. Feed three times a day.

Chlorella was fed daily from shrimp egg stock immediately after opening, from nauplius 5 (N5) to post-larvae (PL), in the form of a concentrated solution of 125 g (dry weight) / L. About 350 ml were fed once a day.

The rotifers from shrimp larvae of stage 1 (zoea 1, Z1), from stage 1 of mysis 1 (M1), stage 2 of mysis 2 (M2), and stage 3 of mysis (mysis 3, M3) In the Z1 stage, the feeding rate was about 45 birds / shrimp _individuals , and in the Z2 stage, the feeding rate was about 50 birds / shrimp _individuals , and from the Z3 stage to the M3 stage, Feeding was about 1 feed of about 55 shrimp / shrimp _individuals , which was fed 3 times a day.

As the production efficiency, the survival rate, water quality, and transformation rate of the larvae were evaluated, and the results are shown in Tables 7 to 9. In Tables 7 to 9, the compound feed, M1, M2, and M3 columns were used to produce shrimp seedlings, respectively, and the rotifer feeding period was fed to the M1, M2, and M3 stages. It represents the case of producing.

TABLE 7

Table 8

After standing	Compound Feed	M1	M2	M3
After standing	NH ₃ -N (ppm)	NH ₃ -N (ppm)	NH ₃ -N (ppm)	NH ₃ -N (ppm)
0 days past	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
13 days past	5.3	3.1	3.65	3.4

Table 9

After standing	Compound Feed	M1	M2	M3
After standing	CFU	CFU	CFU	CFU
0 days past	2700	3000	3000	3000
13 days past	12,000,000	1,440,000	2,100,000	970,000

From the results of Table 7, the survival rate was only 32.5% in the PL stage when feeding the conventional feed, while 63.8% and 56.4, respectively, until the late larval stage (PL) when feeding the feed according to the present invention. %, And a high survival rate of 54.7%. In addition, it can be seen that the increase in the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the positive water is about 3.1 to 3.65ppm, which is significantly lower than that of the conventional blended feed, thereby contributing to water quality stabilization (see Table 8). In addition, it can be seen that the concentration increase of the microorganisms in the positive water is also significantly low (see Table 9).

Claims

A method of producing shrimp seedlings comprising providing chlorella, rotifers, and althemia to shrimp larvae as biofeeds.
The method of claim 1, wherein the chlorella is provided from the opening stage of the shrimp larvae to the post-larvae stage.
The method of claim 1, wherein the rotifer is provided from the zoea stage of the shrimp larvae to the mysis stage.
The method of claim 1, wherein the althemia is provided from the mysis stage of the shrimp larvae to the post-larvae stage.
The method of claim 1, wherein the chlorella is provided from the opening stage of the shrimp larvae to the post-larvae stage; The rotifer is characterized in that it is provided from the zoea step of the shrimp larvae to the mysis step, shrimp seed production method.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the chlorella is provided from the opening stage of the shrimp larvae to the post-larvae stage: the rotifer is the mysis stage from the zoea stage of the shrimp larvae. Provided until; The method of producing shrimp seedlings, characterized in that the althemia is provided from the mysis stage of the shrimp larvae to the post-larvae stage.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the chlorella is provided in the form of a concentrate of 120-150 g (dry weight) / L, the concentrate being in a ratio of 100-600 mL with respect to 13 tons of positive water. It is provided once a day, The production method of a shrimp seedling.
The method for producing shrimp seedling according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the rotifer is provided three to four times a day in a single feed of 33 to 70 shrimp / shrimp individuals . .
9. The rotifer of claim 8, wherein the rotifer is provided in a single feed of 33-50 shrimp / shrimp individuals in zoea 1, and from zoea 2 to zoea 3 A) 1 feed of 46 to 66 shrimp / shrimp individuals , and 50 to 70 shrimp / shrimp populations from zoea 3 to mysis 3). A method of producing shrimp seedlings, characterized in that the amount is provided three to four times daily.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the artemia is provided in a single feed of 200-250 g in the form of a concentrate of 600-1000 grains / mL, wherein the concentrate is a mysis of shrimp larvae. A method of producing shrimp seedlings, characterized in that it is provided 2 to 4 times a day from the) stage to the post-larvae stage.