CN110338114B - Out-of-season female and male separate breeding method for portunus trituberculatus - Google Patents
Out-of-season female and male separate breeding method for portunus trituberculatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN110338114B CN110338114B CN201910758419.6A CN201910758419A CN110338114B CN 110338114 B CN110338114 B CN 110338114B CN 201910758419 A CN201910758419 A CN 201910758419A CN 110338114 B CN110338114 B CN 110338114B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/13—Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses an out-of-season female and male separate breeding method for portunus trituberculatus, which comprises three stages of incubation of the portunus trituberculatus, large-size offspring seed cultivation and female and male separate breeding. The invention adopts separate male and female cultivation, which weakens the mutual killing of the male and female crabs caused by inconsistent growth speed, thereby greatly improving the survival rate of cultivation and increasing the yield; more importantly, male crabs which are independently raised out of season can come into the market in advance by 15-30 days compared with female crabs, the early-stage blank of the market is filled, products can be provided for consumers in most of the period of no fishing for 5-8 months of portunids, and therefore good social benefit and economic benefit are obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to an out-of-season female-male separate culture method for portunus trituberculatus.
Background
The portunus trituberculatus is one of the important varieties of Chinese aquaculture, has fresh meat quality, rich nutrition and high economic value, and enjoys full name at home and abroad. In recent years, with the breakthrough of artificial breeding technology, the pond culture industry develops rapidly.
Patent document 1 (CN 107361001A) provides a method for culturing one-year-two-crop blue crabs, which can provide adult blue crabs in two time periods of 1-2 months and 6-7 months, and is used for filling the blank of the supply of blue crabs with blue crabs between 5 months and 8 months, so as to meet the requirements of consumers. The first batch of the breeding method is female crabs, belongs to individual large finished cream crabs, and has high quality; the second crop is mixed male and female cultivation, and the quality is relatively poor.
From the current cultivation practice, the male-female mixed cultivation in the second cultivation has some disadvantages: (1) the male crabs have strong food snatching capability, and the female crabs are not easy to snatch baits, so that the breeding specification of the female crabs is reduced; (2) the molting of the female and male individuals is asynchronous, particularly the molting of the female individual is finished for the last time, and the male crab is usually 15-30 days earlier than that of the female crab, so that the soft-shell crabs which are molting or just molting are easy to kill, and the survival rate is reduced; (3) the male and female polyculture causes that the male crabs are difficult to catch alone and can only come into the market together with the female crabs under normal conditions, so that the male crabs are difficult to sell at a good price.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the economic benefit of the out-of-season portunus trituberculatus and overcome the defects of the mixed culture of the male and female portunus trituberculatus, the invention provides an out-of-season separate culture method for portunus trituberculatus.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an out-of-season female and male separate culturing method for portunus trituberculatus comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting egg-carrying crabs in an incubation stage in the middle ten days of 9 months, putting the selected egg-carrying crabs into a nursery pond, feeding fresh and live shellfish during the period when the temperature of the nursery pond is not higher than 26 ℃, the salinity is 24-28 per thousand and the dissolved oxygen is 4-5 mg/L, and incubating daphnia-shaped larvae after 15-20 days;
s2, cultivating large-size offspring seeds in a factory environment, and sorting males and females and culturing in separate pools or separate net cages until the juvenile crab stage;
and S3, transferring the young crabs to a culture pond in the middle ten days of 4 months of the next year, separately culturing the young crabs, and fishing the young crabs to the market after culturing 150 plus 200 g/finished crabs, wherein the fishing time of the male crabs is from the first 6 months to the bottom 6 months, and the fishing time of the female crabs is from the first 7 months to the bottom 7 months.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts separate male and female cultivation, weakens the mutual killing of the male and female crabs caused by inconsistent growth speed, greatly improves the survival rate of cultivation and improves the yield; more importantly, male crabs which are independently raised out of season can come into the market in advance by 15-30 days compared with female crabs, the early-stage blank of the market is filled, products can be provided for consumers in most of the period that portunids are forbidden to fish within 5-8 months, and therefore good social benefit and economic benefit are obtained.
Preferably: the sorting of the males and females in the step S2 is performed when the juvenile crabs grow to have a width of 3-3.5 cm or more and the males and females can be distinguished by naked eyes.
Preferably: the male and female sorting in the step S2 is specifically that when the ambient light intensity is below 40lux, the incandescent lamp is lifted up from the edge of the nursery pond, the light lures the young crabs to gather, the young crabs are caught by the net bag and then placed into the basin, and after the male and female are separated manually, the young crabs are respectively put into different nursery ponds or net boxes.
Preferably: the step S2 further includes the following steps:
s2.1, feeding: feeding chlorella in the Z1 stage, feeding rotifer larvae and fairy shrimp larvae in the Z2-Z3 stage, feeding artemia in the Z4-C2 stage, and feeding for a small amount of times at regular time, fixed quality, fixed quantity and fixed point;
s2.2, water changing: adding water to the depth of 6-8 cm every day in the period Z1-Z2, changing water every day in the period Z3, discharging residual bait and dead seedlings, and keeping the water temperature stable during water changing to avoid water temperature mutation;
s2.3, water transfer: applying a microecological preparation after each water change;
s2.4, residue prevention: sprinkling an opacifier into the seedling raising pool regularly, wherein chlorella is adopted in the Z1 stage, humic acid is adopted in the Z2-Z3 stage, zeolite powder is adopted in the Z4-C1 stage, and the visible depth of pool water is maintained to be 25-30 cm;
s2.5, disease prevention: the water for seedling culture is sterilized seawater, and the bait, the culture pond and the seedling culture tool are sterilized.
Preferably: the seedling raising pond is provided with a circulating water facility, the circulating water facility is provided with a water filter and a water pump, 3000-5000 ppm of potassium permanganate solution is added into the water filter, and an ultraviolet lamp is arranged on the inner wall of the water filter; in the step S2.2, water changing in the period of Z3-Z4 is realized by water circulation flowing in a water circulation facility.
Preferably: the seedling raising ponds comprise a plurality of adjacent seedling raising ponds, and in the step S2.2, water changing in the M stage and after the M stage is realized by seedling pouring between the two adjacent seedling raising ponds; a seedling rotating device is arranged between the adjacent seedling raising ponds, the seedling rotating device is a horn-mouth net barrel with a reversed beard structure and a flashboard, the big end of the horn-mouth net barrel is communicated with the upstream seedling raising pond, and the small end of the horn-mouth net barrel is communicated with the downstream seedling raising pond; the seedling falling among the adjacent seedling raising ponds is realized by light attraction or/and a bait attraction technology.
Preferably: the disease prevention measures in step S2.5 are specifically: treating seawater for seedling culture with 7-10 ppm bleaching powder or disinfectant containing 3ppm available chlorine for 2-8 hours, and then neutralizing with equivalent sodium thiosulfate to confirm that no residual chlorine is available sterilized seawater; soaking rotifer larvae and fairy shrimp larvae in 300ppm formalin for 5-10 minutes, and soaking artemia and small fish and shrimps in 10ppm potassium permanganate solution for 5-10 minutes; the cultivation pond and the seedling raising tool are soaked in 100ppm bleaching powder solution for 1 day and then washed clean by using sterilized seawater.
Preferably: the square meter is 10~20 in nursery pond area, and the depth of water is 1.2~1.4m, for high, the middle pot-shaped structure that hangs down all around, a plurality of cloth gas pockets of nursery pond's bottom equipartition, the whirl gas pocket that the slope set up is equipped with all around in nursery pond, the lower of nursery pond is equipped with row's useless hole.
Preferably: in the step S3, male crabs are fed intensively and are fertilized quickly, and female crabs are fed normally.
Preferably: in the step S3, the breeding density of male crabs is 2000-2500 crabs per mu, and the breeding density of female crabs is 1600-2000 crabs per mu.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a nursery pond according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a circulating water facility and a cooling facility of a nursery pond according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a plurality of nursery ponds in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a seedling transferring device in the embodiment of the invention.
The seedling culture pond comprises a seedling culture pond 100, a rotational flow air hole 101, an air distribution hole 102, a waste discharge hole 103, a water filter 200, a water pump 300, a transfer pond 400, a cooling heat exchanger 500, a water chilling unit 600, a seedling transfer device 700, a bell mouth net barrel 701, a whisker inverting structure 702 and a flashboard 703.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The juvenile developmental stages of portunus trituberculatus are generally divided into:
(1) daphnia larvae in the I phase (Z1 phase) for 2-3 days;
(2) daphnia larvae in stage II (stage Z2) for 3-4 days;
(3) 3-4 days for the third daphnia larva (stage Z3);
(4) the daphnia larvae in the IV stage (stage Z4) for 3-4 days;
(5) larval (M phase) for 5-6 days;
(6) the growing period of the juvenile crabs in the first to second stages (the C1 to C5 stages).
The out-of-season female and male separate breeding method for the portunus trituberculatus mainly comprises three stages of incubation, large-scale seedling culture and female and male separate breeding of the portunus trituberculatus, which are specifically as follows.
S1, hatching the egg-carrying crabs.
Selecting egg-carrying crabs at an incubation stage in the middle ten days of 9 months, putting the selected egg-carrying crabs into a nursery pond 100, feeding fresh and live wild trash fishes during the period when the temperature of the nursery pond 100 is not higher than 26 ℃, the salinity is 24-28 per thousand and the dissolved oxygen is 4-5 mg/L, and incubating daphnia-shaped larvae after 15-20 days. Selecting 9 middle-ten months as the incubation time of the egg-carrying crabs, so that the early maturity of the young crabs in the current year is avoided, and the large specification of products on the market 6-7 in the next year is ensured; particularly, the egg-carrying crabs are ensured to be at the optimal environmental temperature by adopting a cooling mode in 8-9 months.
The nursery pond 100 of this embodiment can set up indoor, can guarantee through measures such as setting up air conditioner room that the temperature of water in the nursery pond 100 is invariable relatively. The nursery pond 100 can also adopt the built-in cooling heat exchanger 500 and the cooling heat exchanger 500 which are shown in fig. 2 to be communicated with the water chilling unit 600 to realize cooling, the temperature is generally high in 8-9 months, and the problem of temperature rise is not considered, so that the water temperature requirement of the nursery pond 100 can be met by matching the cooling heat exchanger 500 with the water chilling unit 600, and compared with an air-conditioned room, the nursery pond 100 has obvious advantages in the aspects of equipment cost, operation and maintenance cost, reliability and the like.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the seedling raising pond 100 of the embodiment has an area of 10-20 square meters and a water depth of 1.2-1.4 m, is of a pot-shaped structure with high periphery and low middle, a plurality of air distribution holes 102 are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the seedling raising pond 100, swirl air holes 101 which are obliquely arranged are formed in the periphery of the seedling raising pond, and waste discharge holes 103 are formed in the lowest part of the seedling raising pond 100. The air distribution holes 102 of the embodiment play a role in supplementing air and oxygen; the swirling air hole 101 can enable water in the seedling raising pond 100 to generate swirling flow, and residual baits, dead seedlings and the like in the seedling raising pond 100 can be sent into the waste discharge hole 103 to enter a next circulating water facility for filtering.
And S2, cultivating large-specification seedlings.
S2.1, feeding: feeding chlorella in the Z1 stage, feeding rotifer larvae and fairy shrimp larvae in the Z2-Z3 stage, feeding artemia in the Z4-M stage, feeding small fishes and shrimps in the C1 stage, and feeding for a small amount of times at regular time, fixed quality, fixed quantity and fixed point.
S2.2, water changing: adding water to the depth of 6-8 cm every day in the period Z1-Z2, changing water every day in the period Z3, discharging residual bait and dead seedlings, and keeping the water temperature stable during water changing to avoid water temperature mutation.
The water change of the embodiment is divided into three different modes according to the juvenile development stage of the blue crabs:
(1) water is mainly added in the stage Z1-Z2, the metabolism of the larva is slow, the residual bait, dead seedlings and excrement are less, the water quality requirement can be met by adding water, and the phenomenon that the loss of the larva is too much due to frequent water change is avoided.
(2) The water exchange of the Z3-Z4 stage is realized by water circulation flowing in a circulating water facility shown in figure 2, the seedling raising pond 100 is provided with the circulating water facility, the circulating water facility is provided with a water filter 200 and a water pump 300, 3000-5000 ppm potassium permanganate solution is added into the water filter 200, and the inner wall of the water filter is provided with an ultraviolet lamp.
(3) The water change in the M phase and after the M phase is realized by seedling inversion between two adjacent seedling raising ponds 100, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, a seedling rotating device 700 is arranged between the two adjacent seedling raising ponds 100, the seedling rotating device 700 is a horn-mouth net barrel 701 with a whisker inverting structure 702 and a gate plate 703, and the large end of the horn-mouth net barrel 701 is communicated with the seedling raising pond at the upstream and the small end is communicated with the seedling raising pond at the downstream. The falling seedlings between the adjacent seedling raising ponds 100 are realized by light attraction or/and bait attraction technology, in the light attraction technology, a lamp is hung beside the bell mouth net cylinder 701, swimming crabs are attracted to penetrate through the bell mouth net cylinder 701 by utilizing the phototaxis habit of the crabs, the bait attraction technology stops feeding in the upstream seedling raising pond during seedling transferring, more baits are thrown near the bell mouth net cylinder 701, and the swimming crabs are attracted to penetrate through the bell mouth net cylinder 701.
The basic principle of the seedling inverting and water changing in the M period and after the M period is that the crab seedlings are poured into the adjacent seedling raising pool 100 through light attraction or/and bait attraction technology, and the empty seedling raising pool 100 needs to be cleaned and water is changed before the crab seedlings are inverted. In particular, since the present embodiment is an industrial seedling raising, the seedling raising ponds 100 are installed in a workshop, and generally speaking, in the case of no direct sunlight and no indoor lighting, the workshop is dark, the illuminance is substantially 40lux or less, and the method is suitable for reversing the seedlings by utilizing the phototaxis habit of the crabs. Therefore, the seedling pouring and water changing in the M period and after the M period can be carried out in most of the time except the middle of the fine day without waiting to evening or night, and the operation of operators is facilitated.
The three water changing modes of the embodiment are respectively adapted to the juvenile development stage of the portunus trituberculatus, the workload is reduced as far as possible on the premise of keeping the water quality stable, the crab seedlings are artificially selected in the process of falling the seedlings, and diseased seedlings and weak seedlings with partial insufficient vitality are eliminated.
S2.3, water transfer: salinity is 20-26 per mill, PH is 8.5-8.9, DO is more than 5mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is less than 0.4 mg/L, nitrite is less than 0.15 mg/L, water quality is kept fresh, and water color is yellow green or yellow brown; continuously carrying out oxygen increasing and aeration in the culture pond, and applying the micro-ecological preparation after water is changed every time. In the embodiment, EM biological bacteria are selected as a micro-ecological preparation and are thrown along with bait, so that pathogens and harmful biological bacteria remained in water can be inhibited or killed, beneficial flora in the cultivation water body is promoted to be rapidly propagated, and the ecological balance of the seedling cultivation water body is kept; the EM biological bacteria can also act when entering the swimming crab larvae, and the bait is decomposed by lactobacillus in the intestinal tracts of the swimming crabs, and the nutrient components are digested and absorbed, so that the absorption function and the disease prevention and stress resistance of the swimming crabs are enhanced, the healthy growth of the swimming crabs is promoted, and the survival rate is increased.
S2.4, residue prevention: and (3) sprinkling an opacifier into the seedling raising pool regularly, wherein chlorella is adopted in the Z1 stage, humic acid is adopted in the Z2-Z3 stage, zeolite powder is adopted in the Z4-C1 stage, and the visible depth of pool water is maintained to be 25-30 cm. According to the embodiment, different anti-residue opacifiers are selected according to the development stage of the crab larvae, so that the crab larvae can grow conveniently, and the effects of adjusting water quality and balancing PH value are achieved.
S2.5, disease prevention: the water for seedling culture is sterilized seawater, and the bait, the culture pond and the seedling culture tool are sterilized. Specifically, after seawater for seedling culture is treated for 2 to 8 hours by 7 to 10ppm of bleaching powder or a disinfectant containing 3ppm of available chlorine, the seawater is neutralized by equivalent sodium thiosulfate, and the seawater is disinfected by available chlorine; soaking rotifer larvae and fairy shrimp larvae in 300ppm formalin for 5-10 minutes, and soaking artemia and small fish and shrimps in 10ppm potassium permanganate solution for 5-10 minutes; the cultivation pond and the seedling raising tool are soaked in 100ppm bleaching powder solution for 1 day and then washed clean by using sterilized seawater.
S2.6, sorting male and female parts: when the young crabs grow to the young crab stage, which is usually C5 stage, the young crabs grow to the width of the shell of 3-3.5 cm or more, and the male and female crabs can be separated by naked eyes, and then the female and male crabs are cultured in separate ponds or separate net cages; the female and male sorting method specifically comprises the steps of when the ambient light intensity is below 40lux, hanging an incandescent lamp at the edge of a seedling raising pool, luring the young crabs to gather by using light, fishing by using a net bag, putting into a water basin, manually separating the female and male parts, and putting into different seedling raising pools or net boxes respectively.
And S3, performing separate culture on male and female.
Transferring the young crabs in the nursery pond to a culture pond in the middle ten days of the next 4 months, and separately culturing the crabs. A small amount of female crabs are reserved in the male crab culture pond, and the culture density is 2000-2500 crabs per mu; and only female crabs exist in the female crab culture pond, and the culture density is 1600-2000 female crabs per mu. When 150 plus 200 g/finished product meat crab is cultivated, the crab can be caught and sold on the market.
The male crabs raised independently grow faster, the feeding is enhanced by increasing the feeding frequency, the male crabs can be sold on the market basically from the first month of 6 to the second month of 6, and even if the male crabs grow slower and come into the market after the male crabs delay to the second month of 7, the ideal price can still be sold, so that the breeding density can be properly improved, and higher yield can be obtained. On the contrary, the female crabs grow slowly, once the marketing time of the female crabs is delayed to the end of the fishing prohibition period at the beginning of 8 months, the crab farmers are disastrous, so the female crabs must control the breeding density to ensure the growth speed of the female crabs and ensure that the female crabs can market at the end of 7 months to 7 months.
In 2019, the male and female separate-culture method is adopted in the experimental culture pond in the Zhoushan area, Japanese prawn larvae are put into the culture pond in the middle of March, and female and male young crabs are respectively put into different culture ponds in the middle of 4 months. Wherein the catching time of the male crabs is from the first 6 months to the bottom 6 months, the catching time of the female crabs is from the first 7 months to the bottom 7 months, and the catching time of the penaeus japonicus is consistent with that of the swimming crabs in the same pool. The yields of male crabs and penaeus japonicus in the same pond are shown in table 1, and the yields of female crabs and penaeus japonicus in the same pond are shown in table 2, and the average yield (125 kg/mu) of the crabs is remarkably increased compared with the average yield of the second-crop swimming crabs in patent document 1.
It is believed that maintaining a certain number of female crabs in a crab pool stimulates the growth of the male crabs, which helps the male crabs grow and develop, making their individuals bigger, having more muscles, and maturing earlier. On the other hand, mating male and female crabs consumes self nutrition and ability, and male crabs become thin and weak, so that the number of female crabs must be strictly controlled. As can be seen from Table 1, when the number of female crabs in the male crab culture pond is controlled to be 3-5%, the adult crabs come into the market earlier, and the final yield is higher. The fishing standard refers to randomly fishing more than 20 swimming crabs in the culture pond, and the average weight of the individual swimming crabs is more than 175 g.
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, by adopting the breeding method for separately breeding males and females, the mutual killing of the male and female crabs caused by inconsistent growth speed is weakened, the breeding survival rate is improved, and the yield is increased; more importantly, male crabs which are independently raised out of season can come into the market in advance by 15-30 days compared with female crabs, the early-stage blank of the market is filled, products can be provided for consumers in most of the period that portunids are forbidden to fish within 5-8 months, and therefore good social benefit and economic benefit are obtained.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. There is no need or no way to give poor examples of all embodiments. And such obvious changes and modifications which are within the spirit of the invention are deemed to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An out-of-season female and male separate breeding method for portunus trituberculatus, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting egg-carrying crabs in an incubation stage in the middle ten days of 9 months, putting the selected egg-carrying crabs into a nursery pond, feeding fresh and live shellfish during the period when the temperature of the nursery pond is not higher than 26 ℃, the salinity is 24-28 per thousand and the dissolved oxygen is 4-5 mg/L, and incubating daphnia-shaped larvae after 15-20 days;
s2, cultivating large-size offspring seeds in a factory environment, sorting males and females till the juvenile crab stage, and cultivating in separate pools or separate net cages;
and S3, transferring the young crabs to a culture pond in the middle ten days of 4 months of the next year, separately culturing the female crabs and the male crabs, keeping 3-5% of the female crabs in the culture pond, only culturing the female crabs in the culture pond to 150 plus 200 g/finished crabs, and then fishing the crabs to the market, wherein the fishing time of the male crabs is from the first 6 months to the bottom 6 months, and the fishing time of the female crabs is from the first 7 months to the bottom 7 months.
2. The out-of-season female and male portunus trituberculatus feeding method of claim 1, characterized in that: and the male and female sorting in the step S2 is carried out when the juvenile crabs grow to be 3-3.5 cm wide and can be distinguished by naked eyes.
3. The out-of-season female and male portunus trituberculatus feeding method of claim 1, characterized in that: the step S2 of sorting males and females is to lift an incandescent lamp at the edge of the nursery pond when the ambient light intensity is below 40lux, attract the young crabs to gather with light, then put the young crabs into a basin after being caught by a string bag, and put the young crabs into different nursery ponds or net cages after separating males and females manually.
4. The method for out-of-season female and male separate culturing of blue crabs according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 further comprises the following steps:
s2.1, feeding: feeding chlorella in the Z1 stage, feeding rotifer larvae and fairy shrimp larvae in the Z2-Z3 stage, feeding artemia in the Z4-C2 stage, and feeding for a small amount of times at regular time, fixed quality, fixed quantity and fixed point;
s2.2, water changing: adding water to the depth of 6-8 cm every day in the period Z1-Z2, changing water every day in the period Z3, discharging residual bait and dead seedlings, and keeping the water temperature stable during water changing to avoid water temperature mutation;
s2.3, water transfer: applying a microecological preparation after each water change;
s2.4, residue prevention: sprinkling an opacifier into the seedling raising pool regularly, wherein chlorella is adopted in the Z1 stage, humic acid is adopted in the Z2-Z3 stage, zeolite powder is adopted in the Z4-C1 stage, and the visible depth of pool water is maintained to be 25-30 cm;
s2.5, disease prevention: the water for seedling culture is sterilized seawater, and the bait, the culture pond and the seedling culture tool are sterilized.
5. The out-of-season female and male portunus trituberculatus feeding method of claim 4, characterized in that: the seedling raising pond is provided with a circulating water facility, the circulating water facility is provided with a water filter and a water pump, 3000-5000 ppm of potassium permanganate solution is added into the water filter, and an ultraviolet lamp is arranged on the inner wall of the water filter; in the step S2.2, water changing in the period of Z3-Z4 is realized by water circulation flowing in a water circulation facility.
6. The out-of-season female and male portunus trituberculatus feeding method of claim 4, characterized in that: the seedling raising ponds comprise a plurality of adjacent seedling raising ponds, and in the step S2.2, water changing in the M stage and after the M stage is realized by seedling pouring between the two adjacent seedling raising ponds; a seedling rotating device is arranged between the adjacent seedling raising ponds, the seedling rotating device is a horn-mouth net barrel with a reversed beard structure and a flashboard, the big end of the horn-mouth net barrel is communicated with the upstream seedling raising pond, and the small end of the horn-mouth net barrel is communicated with the downstream seedling raising pond; the seedling falling among the adjacent seedling raising ponds is realized by light attraction or/and a bait attraction technology.
7. The out-of-season female and male portunus trituberculatus feeding method of claim 4, characterized in that: the disease prevention measures in step S2.5 are specifically: treating seawater for seedling culture with 7-10 ppm bleaching powder or disinfectant containing 3ppm available chlorine for 2-8 hours, and then neutralizing with equivalent sodium thiosulfate to confirm that no residual chlorine is available sterilized seawater; soaking rotifer larvae and fairy shrimp larvae in 300ppm formalin for 5-10 minutes, and soaking artemia and small fish and shrimps in 10ppm potassium permanganate solution for 5-10 minutes; the cultivation pond and the seedling raising tool are soaked in 100ppm bleaching powder solution for 1 day and then washed clean by using sterilized seawater.
8. The out-of-season female and male portunus trituberculatus feeding method of claim 4, characterized in that: the square meter is 10~20 in nursery pond area, and the depth of water is 1.2~1.4m, for high, the middle pot-shaped structure that hangs down all around, a plurality of cloth gas pockets of nursery pond's bottom equipartition, the whirl gas pocket that the slope set up is equipped with all around in nursery pond, the lower of nursery pond is equipped with row's useless hole.
9. The out-of-season female and male portunus trituberculatus feeding method of claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S3, male crabs are fed intensively and are fertilized quickly, and female crabs are fed normally.
10. The out-of-season female and male portunus trituberculatus feeding method of claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S3, the breeding density of male crabs is 2000-2500 crabs per mu, and the breeding density of female crabs is 1600-2000 crabs per mu.
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| CN104663544A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-06-03 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Artificial indoor seedling breeding method for charybdis feriatus |
| CN106386606A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-02-15 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | A culture method for making Chinese mitten-handed crabs come into market ahead of time |
| CN107232105A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-10-10 | 上海市水产研究所 | A kind of method that Portunus trituberculatus Miers summer cream crab is cultivated |
| CN107361001A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-11-21 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | The cultural method of Portunus trituberculatus Miers two crops in one year |
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| CN104663544A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-06-03 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Artificial indoor seedling breeding method for charybdis feriatus |
| CN106386606A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-02-15 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | A culture method for making Chinese mitten-handed crabs come into market ahead of time |
| CN107232105A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-10-10 | 上海市水产研究所 | A kind of method that Portunus trituberculatus Miers summer cream crab is cultivated |
| CN107361001A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-11-21 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | The cultural method of Portunus trituberculatus Miers two crops in one year |
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