WO2012163236A1 - 一种吡啶并硫氮七元环衍生物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种吡啶并硫氮七元环衍生物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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WO2012163236A1
WO2012163236A1 PCT/CN2012/075814 CN2012075814W WO2012163236A1 WO 2012163236 A1 WO2012163236 A1 WO 2012163236A1 CN 2012075814 W CN2012075814 W CN 2012075814W WO 2012163236 A1 WO2012163236 A1 WO 2012163236A1
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group
benzothiazepine
substituted
methylphenyl
cancer
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PCT/CN2012/075814
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English (en)
French (fr)
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柏旭
闫兵
项金宝
张秋
裴亚中
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长春吉大天元化学技术股份有限公司
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D513/00Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00
    • C07D513/02Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D513/04Ortho-condensed systems
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a novel class of low molecular weight compounds of pyridosulfuryl seven-membered rings which are useful as anticancer drugs, and compositions thereof, and their preparation.
  • the invention further relates to a method of treating, ameliorating and controlling a neoplastic disease, comprising the administration of a tumor cell growth inhibitor, alone or in combination with a known therapy.
  • the present invention also relates to medicaments and dosages prepared using these compounds and their use in the treatment of a range of diseases such as neoplastic diseases, cancers and the like. These preparations can also be used in conjunction with other treatments to achieve a therapeutic effect. Background technique
  • Malignant tumor is one of the most serious diseases that endanger human health. Its mortality rate is second only to cardiovascular disease.
  • the lung cancer is the most common malignant tumor with the highest mortality rate and the highest mortality rate. The five-year survival rate of patients is only There are 15%.
  • Lung cancer is divided into small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer, of which non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85% of all lung cancer cases (http://www.aacr.org/).
  • NSCLC non-small cell lung cancer
  • Pathological types of non-small cell lung cancer include squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma.
  • Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women. Its incidence ranks first in women's malignant tumors worldwide, and it is increasing at a rate of 2% per year. Mortality accounts for 20% of the total number of women who die from malignant tumors. Giordano C, Masi A, Pizzini A, Sansone A, Consalvi V, Chiaraluce, Lucente G. Synthesis and activity of fibrill molecules peptide inhibitors related to the 17-21 beta-amyloid sequence. Eur J Med Chem 2009, 44: 179-189) The incidence of breast cancer is often related to heredity. The incidence of women between 40 and 60 years old and before and after menopause is higher.
  • Colon cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system, and its incidence has increased in recent years. The 5-year survival rate after radical surgery is about 50%. Postoperative recurrence and metastasis are important causes of death. At present, the treatment of colon cancer is based on surgery, supplemented by chemotherapy, immunotherapy, Chinese medicine and other supportive treatments. Although surgical resection is the main method of colon cancer treatment, the local recurrence rate after surgery alone is high. Most local recurrences occur in the pelvic cavity. The tumor invades the soft tissue around the rectum and cannot be completely removed by surgery. Pelvic chemotherapy is the only effective method to remove these cancer cell deposits.
  • Acute lymphocytic leukemia is the most common malignant tumor in children. According to statistics, in developed countries, the prevalence of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia is as high as 30-45 per year per 1,000,000 people. In addition, the survival rate of adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is currently less than 40%. Chemotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Bcr-Abl is an important molecular marker for the treatment of leukemia (Baselga J, Aribas J. Treating cancer's kinase "addiction". Nat. Med. 2004, 10, 786-787).
  • the Bcr-Abl kinase chimera is a fusion product of t(9;22)(q34;qll) genes translocating in the chromosomes of hematopoietic stem cells, wherein Abl kinase maintains an activated conformation, thereby rendering it a persistent activity.
  • This persistent Abl activity leads to malignant transformation of cells (Ren, Mechanism of BCR-ABL in the pathogenesis of chronic myelogenous leukaemia. Nat. Rev. Cancer, 2005, 5, 172-183).
  • the currently used Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitors have poor therapeutic effects, and in particular, cannot effectively solve the problem of recurrence after leukemia treatment.
  • Imatinib mesylate is an effective drug that has been marketed for the treatment of various cancers. It can complex with the allosteric conformation of Abl kinase, thereby inhibiting its tyrosine kinase activity and blocking cell signal transduction. guide. But imatinib is not effective for most patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, even Patients who start treatment effectively often relapse within 12 months. Studies have shown that the recurrence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia is caused by a mutation in the gene of Bcr-Abl, which leads to a decrease in the binding force of imatinib (Gorre ME, Ellwood-Yen K, Chiosis G, et al.
  • Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitors Two other Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitors, dasatinib and nilotinib (second-generation Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitors) are effective in the treatment of Bcr-Abl-induced leukemia. But chemotherapy can lead to drug resistance. Studies have shown that the resistance of cells to second-generation inhibitors is derived from the T315I mutation of Bcr-Abl, resulting in no therapeutic effect on leukemia cells containing the T315I mutation.
  • chemotherapy as a systemic treatment, has an irreplaceable position in surgery and radiotherapy in the treatment of malignant tumors.
  • new chemotherapy drugs has greatly improved the prognosis of cancer patients, but the toxicity of chemotherapy drugs (Kaelin WG. The Concept of Synthetic Lethality in the Context of Anticancer Therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 2005, 5 (9), 689-98 And drug resistance of tumor cells (Green D, Evan GI. A matter of life and death. Cancer Cell 2002, 1(1), 19-30.) are becoming two major problems that plague chemotherapy.
  • MDR multidrug resistance
  • MDR-1 is the most studied gene in this family, encoding a 170 kDa P-glycoprotein (P-gp).
  • P- Gp is a transmembrane glycoprotein consisting of 1280 amino acids. The whole molecule consists of two identical monomers. Each monomer has 6 transmembrane regions and 1 ATP binding site.
  • the transmembrane region acts as a membrane.
  • the channel facilitates material transport, and the ATP binding site is related to its energy supply (Ruefli AA, Tainton KM, Darcy PK, et al.
  • P-glycoprotein inhibits caspase-8 activation but not formation of the death inducing signal complex (disc) following fas ligation Cell Death Differ., 2002, 9 (11): 1266 )
  • o P-gp can actively transport hydrophobic lipophilic drugs to the outside of cells using the energy released by ATP hydrolysis.
  • P-gp is very specific to drugs and can transport a variety of structurally diverse substrates, so MDR cells can be resistant to many drugs with different structures and mechanisms of action. It has been found that various chemotherapeutic drugs such as paclitaxel, vinblastine, mitomycin, doxorubicin and etoposide are substrates for P glycoprotein.
  • P-gp is widely expressed in human normal tissues (Haus CM, Assaraf Y. G, Binyamin L., et al. Disruption of P-glycoprotein anticancer drug efflux activity by a small recombinantsingle-chain Fv antibody fragment tragment targeted to an extratracellular epitope - Int. J. Cancer, 2004, 109 (5): 750; Marzolini C., Paus E., Buclin T. et al. Polymophisms in human MDRl (P-glycoprotein): recent advances and clinical relevance. Clin. Phamacol.
  • the i W gene continues to be expressed, so tumors clinically derived from these tissues are resistant to initial treatment.
  • This project selected non-small cell lung cancer cell H460 and paclitaxel-resistant H460 TaxR , adriamycin-resistant breast cancer cell line MCF-7/ADR, colon cancer cell line HT-29, acute leukemia cell line OP-1 as tumor.
  • Cell screening model Using fast-growing human normal fibroblasts as a control, screening for active compounds with low toxicity, good anticancer effect, and effective killing of drug-resistant cell lines.
  • the H460 TaxR cell line was obtained by pressure-screening of non-small cell lung cancer cell H460 with paclitaxel (Teraishi F, et al. P-Glycoprotein-Independent Apoptosis Induction by a Novel Synthetic Compound, MMPT [5-[(4-Methylphenyl)) Methylene]-2-(phenylamino)-4(5H)-thiazolone]. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 2005, 314(1), 355-362). H460 TaxR cells overexpress P-glycoprotein and are therefore resistant to many known anticancer drugs. For example, H460 TaxR is at least 80 times more resistant to paclitaxel than H460. Therefore, the use of H460 TaxR cell lines to screen drug-like small molecule libraries is an effective way to find novel anti-drug resistant drugs.
  • MCF-7 is a human breast cancer cell that is resistant to a variety of anticancer drugs (Philip J. Vickers, et al, A Multidrug-Resistant MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cell Line Which Exhibits Cross-Resistance to Antiestrogens and Hormone- Independent Tumor Growth in Vivo, Molecular Endocrinology, 1988, 2 (10), 886-892). In contrast, MCF-7/ADR is more resistant. Its resistance to the cancer drug doxorubicin is 1000 times that of MCF-7 cells (Wang F, et al, Doxorubicin-gallium-transferrin conjugate overcomes multidrug resistance: evidence for drug accumulation in the nucleus of drug resistant MCF-7/ ADR cells. Anticancer Res. 2000, 20(2A), 799-808). Therefore, a compound capable of inhibiting the growth of MCF-7/ADR cells can have a good anticancer effect.
  • HT-29 is a human secondary colon cancer cell line and many studies have shown it can be used to screen new anti-colon cancer drugs.
  • OP-1 is a human type B acute leukemia cell line containing a Bcr-Abl kinase chimera that can be used to screen a library of small drug-like compounds to develop Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitors. Summary of the invention
  • the present invention discloses a class of pyridosulfuryl seven-membered ring derivatives having antitumor activity.
  • the invention adopts 2-chloro or 4-chloro-3-nitropyridine as a starting material, and prepares a series of novel pyridosulfuryl seven-membered ring derivatives by substitution, nitro reduction, ring closure, oxidation and the like. These compounds have strong antitumor activity.
  • the invention also provides methods of preparing such compounds and their use, alone or in combination, or in combination with other therapeutic agents, to prepare a medicament for the treatment of a variety of neoplastic diseases.
  • n 0, 1 or 2;
  • R 8 represents hydrogen, a group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an unsubstituted and substituted fluorenyl group, an alkenyl group, Alkynyl, cyclodecyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl and heterocyclic, -OR 9 , -N 9 10 , -OC(0)R 9 , -C(0)OR 9 , -C(0)N 9 10 , -N 9 C(0) 10 , -NR 9 SO 2 R 10 , -S0 2 N 9 10 , -N 9 C(O)N 10 n , -N 9 C(N 10 )N n 12 , Wherein R 9 , 10 , R u , and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, unsubstituted and substituted fluorenyl, olefin Alkynyl,
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , RR ⁇ 6 and R 7 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted and substituted fluorenyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cyclodecyl, hetero Cyclodecyl, aryl and heterocyclic; -OR 13 , -N 13 14 , -OC(0) 13 , -C(0)OR 13 , -C(0)N 13 14 , -N 13 C(0 14 , -NR 13 S0 2 R 14 , -S0 2 N 13 14 , -N 13 C(0)N 14 15 , -N 13 C(N 14 )N 15 16 , wherein R 13 , R 14 , R 15 And R 16 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, unsubstituted and substituted indenyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cyclodecyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl
  • the compounds of the invention can be prepared by the following methods:
  • the tumor cell growth inhibitor can be selected from List I.
  • the invention also provides methods of inhibiting tumor cell growth. Such methods include exposing a cell to the dose of the compound, or a stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, prodrug, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which Effectively reduce the speed and quantity of tumor cell growth.
  • the level of tumor cell growth is reduced by at least 10%, at least 30%, at least 50%, or at least 90%.
  • the method further comprises adding to the cells an additional pharmaceutical ingredient described herein (hereinafter referred to as ingredient A).
  • ingredient A an additional pharmaceutical ingredient described herein
  • both the compounds of the invention and ingredient A are administered orally.
  • the compounds of the invention and ingredient A are administered by intravenous, subcutaneous or inhalation.
  • the compounds of the invention are administered orally and Ingredient A is administered by intravenous, subcutaneous or inhalation.
  • the compounds of the invention may be administered by intravenous, subcutaneous or inhalation, while component A is administered orally.
  • the present invention provides a method of the compound of the present invention or any two or more thereof and/or its stereoisomers, tautomers, solvates, A pharmaceutical, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, in combination with one or more of the ingredients A, is administered to a patient in need of treatment at an effective dose that increases or increases the effectiveness of ingredient A alone.
  • component A is selected from the group consisting of agents effective for treating tumor diseases.
  • an increase in effectiveness can be manifested by a reduction in the dosage of one or more ingredients A in the composition as compared to the use of the agent alone.
  • the combination of ingredient A and a compound comprising a compound of the invention may be administered in any conventional manner, in any conventional manner, including any of the routes described herein.
  • routes of administration include, but are not limited to, intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intrasynovial, by infusion, sublingual, transdermal, oral, topical, and administration by inhalation.
  • the usual mode of administration is oral, epidermal or intravenous administration.
  • the component A and the compound of the present invention may be administered separately or simultaneously by adding a combination formulation of other ingredients or adjuvants.
  • these other ingredients and adjuvants may enhance the stability of the inhibitor, facilitate the administration of the pharmaceutical composition containing them, increase the solubility or dispersibility of the drug, increase the inhibitory activity, provide an adjunctive treatment, or provide similar advantages.
  • Such combination therapies typically utilize the lowest dose of conventional therapeutic agents to avoid possible toxicity and side effects when these drugs are used as monotherapy.
  • the pharmaceutical combination of ingredient A with a compound of the invention may be combined with conventional therapeutic agents or other adjuvants Form a single agent.
  • the component A used and the compound of the invention may be used as a salt, a solvate, a tautomer and/or a prodrug and as a single stereoisomer or a mixture of stereoisomers, including exogenous Spin body.
  • the ratio of the component A which can be used in combination to the compound of the present invention is variable.
  • Ingredient A and the compounds described in the invention may also be present in the form of their solvates or hydrates.
  • the weight ratios which can be used within the scope of the invention can vary depending on the molecular weight of the various compounds and their different pharmacodynamics.
  • the determination of the weight ratio depends on the specific ingredient A and the compound of the present invention, and in another aspect of the invention within the technical scope of the art, provides a method for treating cancer, which comprises administering a need for the present invention.
  • the method of treating cancer further comprises surgery, radiation therapy, cryotherapy, one or more anti-proliferative drugs, or a pharmaceutical composition.
  • the antiproliferative drug is a guanidinium, a platinum drug, an antimetabolite, a topoisomerase inhibitor, an antitumor antibiotic, a anti-cracking agent, an aromatase inhibitor, a thymidylate synthase inhibitor , DNA antagonists, farnesyl transferase inhibitors, pump inhibitors, histone acetyltransferase inhibitors, metalloproteinase inhibitors, nucleoside reductase inhibitors, endothelin A receptor antagonists, vitamin A receptors An agonist, an immunomodulator, a hormone or a Conazole drug, a photodynamic agent, an angiogenesis inhibitor, or a tyrosine kinase inhibitor.
  • the guanidinium compound is busulfan, procarbazine, ifosfamide, hexamethylene melamine, hexamethyl melamine, estramustine, thiotepa, nitrogen mustard, carbazolamide, Streptozotocin, lomustine, temozolomide, cyclophosphamide, semustine or chlorambucil.
  • platinum drugs include spiroplatinum, albine (Aeterna;), tetraplatinum, satraplatin (Johnson Matthey), omalim molybdenum, isopropyl molybdenum, molybdenum (Sumitomo), nexplatin (AnorMED), polymer platinate (Access) Saliplatin, carboplatin.
  • the cancer is osteosarcoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, colorectal cancer, brain cancer, epithelial cell-inducing tumor (epithelial neoplasm), basal cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, stomach Intestinal cancer, lip cancer, oral cancer, esophageal cancer, small intestine cancer, stomach cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, liver cancer, bladder cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, Skin cancer, squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell cancer, prostate cancer, renal cell carcinoma, leukemia, lymphoma, erythroblastoma, glioblastoma, glioma, meningiomas, astrocytes Tumor, myoblastoma, multiple myeloma, acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, or follicular lymphoma.
  • the cancer is acral melanoma, actinic keratosis, adenocarcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, adenoma, adenosarcoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, astrocytic tumor, vestibular large adenocarcinoma, Basal cell carcinoma, bronchial gland carcinoma, capillary lymphangioma, carcinoma, carcinosarcoma, cavernoma, hepatobiliary liver cancer, chondrosarcoma, choroid plexus papilloma/cancer, clear cell carcinoma, cystic gland Tumor, endoderm sinus tumor, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial sarcoma, endometrioid adenocarcinoma, ependymal, epithelioid, Ewing sarcoma, fibrosis, focal nodular hyperplasia, gastric juice Neoplasms, germ
  • the cancer is leukemia, erythroblastoma, multiple myeloma, acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, or follicular lymphoma.
  • the cancer is follicular lymphoma, acute myeloid leukemia, multiple myeloma or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or follicular lymphoma.
  • the cancer is brain cancer, glioblastoma, meningioma, cerebral astrocytoma, medulloblastoma, neuroblastoma or eye cancer.
  • the cancer is a glioma or a glioblastoma.
  • the cancer is osteosarcoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma or myoblastoma.
  • the cancer is osteosarcoma.
  • the cancer is metastasis of the breast, lung, kidney or prostate cancer.
  • the tumor is a cancer bone metastasis.
  • the R group is defined to include hydrogen or H, it also includes ruthenium and osmium, and therefore, isotopically labeled compounds are within the scope of the invention.
  • substituted for an organic chemical group (eg, fluorenyl) has the following definition: wherein one or more bonds containing a hydrogen atom are replaced by a bond that does not contain a hydrogen atom or an unsubstituted carbon atom.
  • the substituent group also includes one or more bonds to a carbon atom or a hydrogen atom, and one or more bonds to the hetero atom, including double bonds and triple bonds, instead.
  • a substituted group will contain one or more substituents.
  • a substituted group is substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 substituents.
  • substituents include halogen (for example, F, Cl, Br, and 1), a hydroxyl group, a decyloxy group, an alkenyloxy group, an alkynyloxy group, an aryloxy group, an aryloxy group, a heterocyclic oxy group, and a heterocyclic group.
  • the substituted cyclic group such as a substituted cyclodecyl group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group and a heteroaryl group also includes a ring and a hydrazine ring system in which a bond to a hydrogen atom is replaced by a bond to a carbon atom.
  • substituted cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclic and heteroaryl groups may also be substituted with substituted or unsubstituted fluorenyl, alkenyl and alkynyl groups as defined below.
  • the fluorenyl group includes straight chain and branched fluorenyl groups containing from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, and is typically from 1 to 12 carbons or, in some embodiments, from 1 to 8, 1 to 6, or 1 to 4 carbons. atom.
  • the fluorenyl group also includes a fluorenyl group as defined below. Examples of the linear fluorenyl group include a group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl and n-octyl groups.
  • branched fluorenyl groups include, but are not limited to, isopropyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, and 2,2-dimethylbutyl.
  • a typical substituted thiol group may be substituted one or more times with the above groups.
  • the cycloalkyl group is a cyclic fluorenyl group including, but not limited to, a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, and a cyclooctyl group.
  • the cyclic fluorenyl group comprises a 3 to 10 or 3 to 8 membered ring, while in other embodiments the ring has from 3 to 5, 3 to 6, or 3 to 7 carbon atoms.
  • Cyclic fluorenyl groups also include monocyclic, bicyclic, and polycyclic systems, such as bridged fluorenyl groups, and cyclized, including, but not limited to, decalin and the like.
  • the polycyclic cyclodecyl group contains 3 rings.
  • the substituted cycloalkyl group may be substituted one or more times by the above non-hydrogen and non-carbon groups.
  • substituted cycloalkyl groups also include the substitution of a ring atom by a linear or branched fluorenyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group as defined above.
  • Typical substituted cycloalkyl groups may be mono- or poly-substituted, including, but not limited to, 2,2-, 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5- or 2,6-substituted by the above groups. Cyclohexyl.
  • a bridged fluorenyl group is a cyclic fluorenyl group in which two or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by a fluorenylene bridge, wherein if the two hydrogen atoms to be substituted are on one carbon atom, the fluorenylene bridge may contain 2 to 6 a carbon atom, or if the two hydrogen atoms are located on two adjacent carbon atoms, the fluorenylene bridge may contain from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or if the two hydrogen atoms are separated by one or two carbon atoms The fluorenylene bridge on the carbon atom may contain 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • the bridged ring thiol group may be a bicyclic ring such as, for example, a bicyclo[2.1.1] hexanyl group; or a tricyclic ring such as, for example, adamant.
  • Typical bridged fluorenyl groups include bicyclo [2.1.1] hexyl, bicyclo [2.2.1] heptyl, bicyclo [3.2.1] octyl, bicyclo [2.2.2] octyl, bicyclo [3.2 .2] fluorenyl, bicyclo[3.3.1] fluorenyl, bicyclo[3.3.2] fluorenyl, rimaneyl, noradamantyl borneyl or norbornyl.
  • the substituted bridged ring thiol group may be substituted one or more times by the above group, including a branched or branched fluorenyl group, an alkenyl group, or an alkynyl group.
  • Typical substituted bridged fluorenyl groups can be mono- or poly-substituted, including, but not limited to, mono-, di- or tri-substituted adamantyl groups substituted with the above substituents.
  • the fluorenyl fluorenyl group is a fluorenyl group in which one hydrogen or a carbon bond in the above thiol group is substituted with a cycloalkyl group as defined above.
  • the cycloalkyl fluorenyl group has 4 to 20 carbon atoms, 4 to 16 carbon atoms, and typically 4 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • the substituted cyclodecyl fluorenyl group may be substituted at the fluorenyl group, the fluorenyl group, or both.
  • Typical substituted cyclodecyl fluorenyl groups can be mono- or poly-substituted, including, but not limited to, mono-, di- or tri-substituted by the above-described substituent groups.
  • Alkenyl groups include straight-chain and branched-chain and cyclic fluorenyl groups as defined above, but at least one double bond is present between two carbon atoms.
  • alkenyl groups have from 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, typically from 2 to 12 carbon atoms or, in some embodiments, from 2 to 8, 2 to 6, or from 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • alkenyl groups include cycloalkenyl groups having from 4 to 20 carbon atoms, from 5 to 20 carbon atoms of from 5 to 10 carbon atoms, or even 5, 6, 7 or 8 carbon atoms.
  • Typical substituted alkenyl groups may be mono- or poly-substituted, including, but not limited to, mono-, di- or tri-substituted by the above-mentioned substituent groups.
  • the cycloalkenyl fluorenyl group is a fluorenyl group in which one hydrogen or a carbon bond in the above-defined fluorenyl group is substituted with a cycloalkenyl group as defined above.
  • the substituted cycloalkenyl fluorenyl group may be substituted on the fluorenyl group, the cycloalkenyl group, or both the fluorenyl group and the cycloalkenyl group.
  • a typically substituted cycloalkenyl fluorenyl group may be substituted one or more times with the above groups.
  • Alkynyl groups include both straight chain and branched fluorenyl groups, but at least one triple bond is present between two carbon atoms.
  • an alkynyl group has from 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, typically from 2 to 12 carbons or, in some embodiments, from 2 to 8, 2 to 6, or 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • Typical substituted alkynyl groups can be mono- or poly-substituted, including, but not limited to, mono-, di- or tri-substituted by the above-mentioned substituent groups.
  • the aryl group is a cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon which does not contain a hetero atom.
  • Aryl groups include monocyclic, bicyclic, and polycyclic systems.
  • aryl includes, but is not limited to, phenyl, cycloheptatrienyl, biphenyl, dicyclopentaphenyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, terphenyl, fluorenyl, fused tetraphenyl, Anthracenyl, biphenylyl, fluorenyl, fluorenyl, indanyl, cyclopentadienyl, and naphthyl.
  • the aryl group contains from 6 to 14 carbon atoms, and in other embodiments the portion of the ring contains from 6 to 12 or even from 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • aryl includes a ring containing a ring, such as an aromatic ring and an aliphatic ring system (eg, indanyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, and the like), but does not include other groups attached to the ring, An aryl group such as a fluorenyl group or a halogen atom. To some extent, the benzyl group is attributed to the substituted aryl group. Typical substituted aryl groups can be monosubstituted or polysubstituted.
  • a monosubstituted aryl group includes, but is not limited to, a phenyl or naphthyl group substituted by the above-mentioned substituent group 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-.
  • An aryl fluorenyl group is a fluorenyl group in which one hydrogen or a carbon bond in the above fluorenyl group is substituted with an aryl group.
  • the aryl fluorenyl group contains 7 to 20 carbon atoms, 7 to 14 carbon atoms, or 7 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • the substituted aryl fluorenyl group may be substituted on the fluorenyl group, the aryl group or both the fluorenyl group and the aryl group.
  • Typical aryl fluorenyl groups include, but are not limited to, phenyl, phenethyl, and cyclo(cyclodecylaryl)fluorenyl, such as 4-ethyl-indanyl.
  • a typical substituted aryl group may be substituted one or more times with the above groups.
  • Heterocyclyl groups include aromatic (also referred to as heteroaryl) and non-aromatic ring compounds, including 3- or polycyclic compounds wherein one or more of the ring members are heteroatoms including, but not limited to, N, 0 and S.
  • a heterocyclic group includes a 3 to 20 membered ring, while other similar groups contain 3 to 6, 3 to 10, 3 to 12, or 3 to 15 membered rings.
  • Heterocyclic fluorenyl groups include unsaturated, partially saturated and saturated ring systems such as imidazolyl, imidazolinyl and imidazolium.
  • heterocyclic fluorenyl includes a paracyclic ring system including those fused aromatic and non-aromatic groups such as, for example, benzotriazolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzo[1,4]dioxane and Benzo-1,3-dioxolyl.
  • the term also includes bridged polycyclic systems containing a heteroatom, including, but not limited to, quinuclidy L.
  • the term does not include heterocyclic groups attached to the ring with other groups such as fluorenyl, carbonyl or halogen atoms. To some extent, these compounds are defined as "substituted heterocyclic groups".
  • Heterocyclyl includes, but is not limited to, acridinyl, azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, imidazolium, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, tetrahydrophenylthio, tetrahydrofuran, 1, 3-dioxan Cyclopentenyl, furyl, phenylthio, pyrrolyl, pyrrolinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, pyrazolyl, pyrazolinyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazole Base, thiazolyl, thiazolinyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrogen Depyranyl,
  • a typically substituted heterocyclic group can be monosubstituted or polysubstituted. These include, but are not limited to, pyridyl or morphinyl groups substituted by the above-mentioned substituents 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-, or di-substituted.
  • Heteroaryl is an aromatic compound in which one or more ring members are heteroatoms including, but not limited to, 5- or more-membered rings of N, 0, and S.
  • Heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, iso Oxazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, phenylthio, benzophenylthio, furyl, benzofuranyl, fluorenyl, azaindole (pyrrole) And pyridyl), carbazolyl, benzimidazolyl, imidazopyridyl (azabenzimidazolyl), pyrazolopyridyl, triazolopyridyl, benzotriazolyl, benzoxazolyl , benzothiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, imidazopyridyl, isoxazolopyridyl, thianaphthalenyl, fluorenyl,
  • heteroaryl includes a cyclo-compound such as a fluorenyl group and a 2,3-dihydroindenyl group, the term does not include other groups such as a fluorenyl group, a heteroaryl group attached to a ring member. To some extent, a heteroaryl group containing this substitution pattern is referred to as a "substituted heteroaryl group.” A typically substituted heteroaryl group can be substituted one or more times with the above groups.
  • Heterocyclic fluorenyl refers to a fluorenyl group as defined above, wherein one hydrogen or carbon bond of the fluorenyl group is replaced by a bond formed with a heterocyclyl group as defined above.
  • the substituted heterocyclic fluorenyl group may be substituted on both a fluorenyl group, a heterocyclic group or a fluorenyl group and a heterocyclic group.
  • Typical heterocyclic fluorenyl groups include, but are not limited to, 4-ethyl-morpholinyl, 4-ptopylmorphohnyl, furan-2-yl, methylfuran-3-ylmethylpyridin-3-ylmethyltetrahydrofuran-2yl Base and indole-2-ylpropyl.
  • a typical substituted heterocyclic fluorenyl group may be substituted one or more times with the above groups.
  • Heteroaryl group refers to a fluorenyl group as defined above, wherein one hydrogen or carbon bond of the fluorenyl group is replaced by a bond formed with a heteroaryl group as defined above.
  • Substituted heteroaryl fluorenyl groups can be substituted on both fluorenyl, heteroaryl or fluorenyl and heteroaryl groups.
  • a representative substituted heteroaryl group may be substituted one or more times with the above groups.
  • the decyloxy group means that the bond to the hydrogen atom in the hydroxyl group (-OH) is substituted with a bond formed with a carbon atom of the substituted or unsubstituted fluorenyl group defined above.
  • linear decyloxy groups include, but are not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentyloxy, hexyloxy, and the like.
  • branched decyloxy groups include, but are not limited to, isopropoxy, tert-butoxy, quaternary butoxy, isopentyloxy, isohexyloxy, and the like.
  • cyclodecyloxy groups include, but are not limited to, cyclopropoxy, cyclobutoxy, cyclopentyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, and the like.
  • a typical substituted oxiranyl group may be substituted one or more times with the above groups.
  • aryloxy and aryloxy refer to a group of a substituted and unsubstituted aryl group having an oxygen atom and a fluorenyl group of a substituted and unsubstituted aryl group, respectively.
  • a group of oxygen atoms examples include, but are not limited to, phenoxy, naphthyloxy, and benzyloxy.
  • the typically substituted aryloxy and aryloxy groups may be substituted one or more times with the above groups.
  • the fluorenyl, alkenyl, alkynyl group can be monovalent or divalent. The valence of fluorenyl, alkenyl, alkynyl groups is readily identifiable in the context of the art.
  • the fluorenyl group in the aryl fluorenyl group is divalent.
  • the divalent may be clearly indicated by the suffix "ene” or "ylene” in the terms defined herein.
  • alkylene refers to a divalent fluorenyl group
  • alkenylene refers to a divalent alkenyl group.
  • carboxy refers to a -COOH group.
  • carboxylate is used herein to mean a -COOR a group.
  • R a is a substituted or unsubstituted indenyl, cyclodecyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylsulfonyl, heterocycloalkyl or heterocyclic group as defined herein.
  • the term “amido” includes both C- and N-substituted groups, for example, -C(0)NR b R e and -NR b C(0)R e , respectively .
  • R b and ] ⁇ are independently hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted indenyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cyclodecyl, aryl, arylsulfonyl, heterocycloalkyl or heterocyclic groups as defined herein.
  • Amine groups include, but are not limited to, carbamoyl (-C(0)NH 2 ) and formamide (-NHC(O)H).
  • Carbamates include N- and 0-carbamate groups, for example, -NR e C(0)OR f and -OC(0)NR e R f , respectively .
  • R f is an independently hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted indenyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cyclodecyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocycloalkyl or heterocyclic group as defined herein.
  • ammonia ("amino) is used herein to mean -NHR g and -NR g R h , wherein R g and R h are independently hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted fluorenyl or alkenyl group as defined herein. , alkynyl, cyclodecyl, aryl, aryl fluorenyl, heterocycloalkyl, or heterocyclic.
  • the amine is NH 2 , methylamino, dimethylamino, ethylamino, diethylamino, propylamino, isopropylamino, phenylamino or benzylamino.
  • sulfonamido includes both S- and N-sulfonamido groups, for example, -SC ⁇ NRiRJ and - ⁇ 1 ⁇ 20 2 ⁇ ', respectively.
  • RJ are independently hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted indenyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cyclodecyl, aryl, arylsulfonyl, heterocycloalkyl or heterocyclic group as defined herein.
  • sulfonamide groups include, but are not limited to, sulfonyl groups (-S0 2 NH 2 ).
  • thiol refers to -SH group, which comprises the sulfide -SR k, including sulfoxide -S (0) R k, comprising a sulfone -S0 2 R k, and sulfonyl include -S0 2 OR k.
  • R k is independently substituted or unsubstituted indenyl, cyclodecyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl or heterocycloalkyl as defined herein.
  • urea refers to a -Nl ⁇ -CC-Ni Rn group.
  • I 1 , R ° ⁇ PR n are independently hydrogen or a substituent or an unsubstituted fluorenyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cyclodecyl, aryl, aryl fluorenyl, heterocyclic fluorenyl, or heterocycle as defined herein. Ring base.
  • refers to a -C(NR°)NR p R q and —NR°C(NR p )R q group, wherein R°, R p and R q are independent hydrogens as defined herein or Substituent or unsubstituted indenyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cyclodecyl, aryl, aryl fluorenyl, heterocyclic fluorenyl, or heterocyclic group.
  • refers to a group -NRrc(NR s )NRtR u where R R ⁇ R t and R u are independently hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted indenyl, alkenyl, alkyne as defined herein.
  • R R ⁇ R t and R u are independently hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted indenyl, alkenyl, alkyne as defined herein.
  • imide refers to a -C(0)NR z C(0)R al group, wherein R z and R al are independently hydrogen or a substituent or an unsubstituted fluorenyl group, as defined herein, Alkenyl, alkynyl, cyclodecyl, aryl, aryl fluorenyl, heterocycloalkyl, or heterocyclic.
  • mine refers to a group -CR bl (NR el ) and -N(CR bl R el ), wherein R bl and R el are independently hydrogen or substituents or unsubstituted oxime as defined herein.
  • a base an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a cyclodecyl group, an aryl group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, or a heterocyclic group, and defines that R bl and R el are not hydrogen at the same time.
  • the term "protected" in connection with a hydroxyl group, an amine group, a carboxyl group and a thiol group refers to a form of these functional groups which are protected with a protecting group from adverse reactions.
  • Protecting groups are known to those skilled in the art and can be added or removed by known procedures, such as Organic Synthesis, Greene, TW; Wuts, PGM, John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, (3rd Edition, 1999). Explained.
  • Examples of protected hydroxyl groups include, but are not limited to, silyl decyl ethers such as those obtained by reacting a hydroxyl group with an agent such as, but not limited to, tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride.
  • the N protecting group includes an acyl group such as formyl group, acetyl group, propionyl group, valeryl group, t-butyl acetyl group, 2-chloroacetyl group, 2-bromoacetyl group, trifluoroacetyl group, trichloroacetyl group, ortho-phenylene group.
  • acyl group such as formyl group, acetyl group, propionyl group, valeryl group, t-butyl acetyl group, 2-chloroacetyl group, 2-bromoacetyl group, trifluoroacetyl group, trichloroacetyl group, ortho-phenylene group.
  • Sulfonyl such as phenylsulfonyl, p-methylbenzenesulfonyl and the like.
  • a carbamate-forming group such as benzyloxycarbonyl, p-chlorobenzyloxycarbonyl, p-methoxybenzyloxycarbonyl, p-nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl, 2-nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl, p-bromobenzyloxycarbonyl, 3, 4-dimethoxybenzyloxycarbonyl, 3,5-dimethoxybenzyloxycarbonyl, 2,4-dimethoxybenzyloxycarbonyl, 4-methoxybenzyloxycarbonyl, 2-nitro-4, 5-dimethoxybenzyloxycarbonyl, 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyloxycarbonyl, 1-(o-phenylphenyl)-1-methylethoxycarbonyl, ⁇ -dimethyl-3,5- Dimethoxybenzyloxycarbonyl, dipheny
  • Mercapto groups such as phenyl, trityl, phenoxymethyl and the like.
  • a silyl group such as a trimethylsilyl group and the like.
  • Typical N protecting groups are formyl, acetyl, benzoyl, pivaloyl, tert-butylacetyl, phenylsulfonyl, benzyl, 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc), tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc ), benzyloxycarbonyl (Cbz).
  • protected hydroxyl groups include, but are not limited to, thioethers such as S-benzyl sulfide, S-tert-butyl sulfide, and S-4-pyridylmethyl sulfide; substituted S-methyl derivatives such as half Hemithio, disulfide and aminothioacetal; and others.
  • thioethers such as S-benzyl sulfide, S-tert-butyl sulfide, and S-4-pyridylmethyl sulfide
  • substituted S-methyl derivatives such as half Hemithio, disulfide and aminothioacetal
  • Typical carboxy protecting groups are C ⁇ alkyl with 8 to (e.g.: methyl, ethyl or t-butyl, and the like); embankment halo group, alkenyl group, cycloalkyl group embankment and its substituted derivatives thereof such as cyclohexyl group , cyclopentyl and its analogues; cyclodecyl fluorenyl and its substituted derivatives such as cyclodecylmethyl, cyclopentylmethyl and the like; aryl fluorenyl, for example, phenethyl or benzyl and Its substituted derivatives such as decyloxybenzyl, nitrobenzyl and the like; aralkenyl, for example, styryl and the like; aryl and substituted derivatives thereof, for example, 5-indan And its analogs; dinonylaminoindenyl (for example: dimethylaminoethyl and its analog
  • tautomer refers to an isomeric form of a compound that is in equilibrium with each other.
  • each isomeric form will depend on the environment in which the compound is placed and may vary depending on whether the compound is in a solid or in an organic or aqueous solution.
  • triazole may be present in the following isomeric forms, which are referred to as mutual tautomers: Many functional groups and other structures may exhibit tautomerism as will be readily understood by those skilled in the art. All tautomers of the compounds described herein are within the scope of the invention.
  • Stereoisomers (also known as optical isomers) of a compound include all chiral, diastereomeric, racemic isomeric forms, unless specifically indicated for the particular stereochemistry.
  • the compounds of the invention include optical isomers that are partially or completely resolved at any or all of the asymmetric centers. Racemic and diastereomeric compounds, as well as individual optical isomers, may be isolated or synthesized such that they are sufficiently separated from their enantiomers or diastereomeric chaperones, which are also in the present invention.
  • the solvate used in the present invention refers to a polymer of a compound of the present invention and one or more solvent molecules. In the solid state, some compounds have a tendency to bind a certain molar ratio of solvent. Solvent molecules can interact with non-solvent molecules through dipole dipole interactions, ion dipole interactions, coordination bonds, and the like.
  • the solvate When the solvent is water, the solvate is a hydrate. Many organic solvents may also form solvates, including, for example, ethers such as diethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran, alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, ketones such as acetone, hydrazine, hydrazine-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and other solvents. Solvates can be identified by a variety of methods in the art. For example, a solvate containing hydrogen in a solvent molecule can be observed by nuclear magnetic resonance. Other useful methods for identifying solvates are thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction analysis, and elemental analysis.
  • the solvate can be formed in a variety of ways, for example, by dissolving the compound in a solvent and evaporating the uncaptured solvent molecules, or lyophilizing, or recrystallizing.
  • the formation of solvates is therefore well within the skill of the art. In fact, compounds often require careful drying to remove the solvent contained in the solvate.
  • the compounds described in this patent are also capable of forming solvates, and all solvates are within the scope of the invention.
  • Certain compounds within the scope of the invention are derivatives, referred to as "prodrugs".
  • Prodrug means that it is a known derivative of a drug that has a direct effect on the disease, such as esters and amides. Compared with drugs, these derivatives have improved drug delivery and facilitate absorption.
  • lactic acid, maleic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, malic acid, methanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid and toluenesulfonic acid) or acidic amino acids such as aspartic acid and glutamic acid form a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
  • the compound of the present invention contains an acidic group, such as, for example, a carboxyl group
  • a metal such as an alkali metal and an alkaline earth metal (e.g., Na + , Li + , K + , Ca + , Mg 2+ , Zn 2+ ), ammonia, organic amines (eg trimethylamine, triethylamine, pyridine, picoline, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine), or basic amino acids (eg arginine, Lai Amino acid, ornithine) forms a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
  • the compounds of the present invention can be readily synthesized by techniques well known to those skilled in the art.
  • Treatment within the scope of the present invention means all or part of Disease-related symptoms, slowing or halting the further development or progression of these symptoms, or preventing and preventing the onset of a dangerous population.
  • a "therapeutically effective dose” of a compound of the invention means that the dose can be fully Or partially slowing or halting the further development or progression of these symptoms, preventing or preventing the onset of a dangerous population.
  • the therapeutically effective dose of a compound of the invention may vary depending on the condition being treated. For example, an effective dose for treating tumor diseases, and treating other diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, pancreas The effective dosage of the island resistance and metabolic syndrome is likely to be different compared to the effective dosage.
  • the therapeutically beneficial subject of the compounds described herein is any animal, and in some embodiments, the subject refers to a mammal, for example, a human, Primates, dogs, cats, horses, cows, pigs, rodents, such as, for example, large mice or small mice.
  • the typical subject is human.
  • cancer refers to any of a variety of malignant tumors characterized by cell proliferation that can invade surrounding tissues and metastasize to new body parts.
  • the classification of both benign and malignant tumors can be determined based on the type of organ in which they are present.
  • fibroids refer to tumors of fibrous connective tissue
  • melanoma refers to abnormal growth of pigment (melanin) cells.
  • Malignant tumors that begin in epithelial cell tissues eg, skin, bronchi, and stomach
  • Malignant tumors of the epithelial gland tissue such as the breast, prostate and colon are called adenocarcinoma.
  • the malignant growth of connective tissue, such as muscle, cartilage, lymphoid tissue and bone is called sarcoma. Lymphoma and leukemia are malignant tumors in white blood cells.
  • the inhibitory activity can be assessed by the delay in the appearance of primary or secondary tumors, the slowing of primary or secondary tumor progression, primary A decrease in the incidence of sexual or secondary tumors, a slowing or reduction in the extent of secondary tumors, prevention of tumor growth and tumor regression, and the like.
  • complete inhibition here refers to prevention or chemoprevention.
  • prevention includes completely preventing the formation of a tumor that has been manifested in the clinic or preventing the onset of a tumor that is pre-clinically in a significant risk period. This definition also includes the process of preventing or preventing the transformation of normal cells into tumor cells, or preventing or inverting cell carcinogenesis.
  • the therapeutically effective amount of the compound of the present invention may vary depending on the route of administration and the dosage form. Effective doses of the compounds of the invention will generally range from about 0.001 to 100 mg/kg/day. More typically, it is between about 0.05 and 10 mg/kg/day. Typically, one or more of the compounds of the invention are selected to formulate a formulation having a high therapeutic index.
  • the therapeutic index is the dose ratio between the toxic effect and the therapeutic effect, and the index can be expressed as LD 5 . And ED 5 . The ratio between the two. LD 5 . It is the amount of death in 50% of the population, ED 5 . It is a dose that has a therapeutic effect in 50% of the population. LD 5 . And ED 5 . Assays were performed by standard pharmaceutical procedures in animal cell culture and animal experiments.
  • the method of treatment may also include administering a compound or pharmaceutical formulation of the invention with other therapies, and the combination therapies of the invention may be administered simultaneously, separately, or sequentially.
  • the compounds and pharmaceutical formulations of the invention can be administered prior to, during, or after surgical procedures and/or radiation therapy.
  • the compounds of the invention may also be administered in combination with other anti-inflammatory agents, antineoplastic agents and other agents described herein, as the case may be.
  • the inflammatory modulators described herein, various types of immunomodulators, immunosuppressive agents, drugs that inhibit cell growth, can be used in combination with the compounds described herein.
  • the specific dosage of the active additive is determined based on a number of factors.
  • one or more compounds and active additives of the present invention are administered to a body, particularly a human body, in a specific manner, and may be administered sequentially and intermittently over a period of time.
  • the compound can be combined with other agents to improve the therapeutic effect.
  • the active additives may be administered simultaneously in a simultaneous dosage form, while being administered sequentially or sequentially in different intervals; however, if they are not administered simultaneously, they must be administered in close proximity to achieve the desired therapeutic or prophylactic effect. .
  • each active additive can be administered alone in any suitable form and in any manner.
  • the compound is administered concurrently or after administration of the active additive.
  • the compound and active additive can be administered at intervals of less than one hour, about one hour, one hour to two hours, two hours to three hours, three hours to 4 hours, 4 hours to 5 hours, 5 hours to 6 hours, 6 hours to 7 hours, 7 hours to 8 hours, 8 hours to 9 hours, 9 hours to 10 Hours, 10 hours to 11 hours, 11 hours to 12 hours, no more than 24 hours or no more than 48 hours.
  • the compound and the active additive are administered simultaneously.
  • the compound and the active additive are administered simultaneously in the form of a formulation.
  • the compound and active additive may also be administered at intervals of 2 to 4 days, 4 to 6 days, 1 week, 1 to 2 weeks, or more than 2 weeks.
  • the compounds of the invention and optional active additives can be administered to a patient by rotation. Cycling therapy involves using the first drug for a period of time, followed by a second or third formulation drug for a period of time, and repeating the dosing sequence. Circulatory therapies have many benefits, such as reducing the chance of developing resistance to one or more therapies, avoiding or reducing the side effects of one or more therapies, and/or improving the therapeutic effect.
  • the compounds of the invention and optional active additives are administered in a cycle of less than 3 weeks, approximately once every two weeks, once every ten days, once a week.
  • One cycle can include a compound of the invention and an optional second
  • the active drug is administered in the form of an infusion at a time of about 90 minutes, once an hour, once for 45 minutes, once for 30 minutes, once for 15 minutes.
  • Each cycle can include at least one week, at least two weeks, and at least three weeks of rest time.
  • the number of cycles of administration is from one to twelve, more typically from two to ten, and more typically from two to eight. The same patient may be treated concurrently for different courses of treatment.
  • each dose of the active additive may also be administered in a separate manner, but at certain intervals such that the compound of the present invention can interact with the active additive.
  • a once-a-weekly administered ingredient can be combined with other ingredients administered once every two weeks or once every three weeks.
  • the dosing regimen can be performed simultaneously, even if the course of treatment is not administered simultaneously or not on the same day.
  • the active additive may serve an additional therapeutic effect, and more typically promotes an additive effect with the compounds of the present invention.
  • the compound of the invention and one or more second type activators are administered simultaneously in the same dosage.
  • the compound of the invention and one or more second class activators are administered simultaneously in different dosages.
  • the compounds of the invention are administered prior to or after the second class of activators.
  • the present invention contemplates that the compounds of the invention and the second class of activators are administered by the same or different routes, such as orally or by injection.
  • the second type of activator has potential side effects including, but not limited to, toxicity.
  • the dose of the second type of activator can be set at a dose that causes side effects.
  • the present invention also provides pharmaceutical preparations and pharmaceuticals which can be obtained by converting one or more compounds of the present invention, prodrugs thereof, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, stereoisomers thereof, and interconversion thereof.
  • the pharmaceutical preparations and medicaments are useful for the prevention and treatment of various diseases associated with the production of excess cytokines described herein, for example, diseases and causes involved in inflammation, pain, cancer, and the like.
  • a drug may be in various forms such as granules, powders, tablets, capsules, syrups, suppositories, injections, emulsions, elixirs, suspensions or solutions.
  • the pharmaceutical preparations can be used in a variety of routes of administration, for example, by oral, parenteral, dermal, rectal, nasal, vaginal administration, or by implantation into an implanted reservoir.
  • Parenteral or systemic administration includes, but is not limited to, the following types of injection, such as subcutaneous, intravenous, abdominal, muscular, intra-articular, intra-synovial, substernal, intrathoracic, intralesional and intracranial.
  • the following dosage forms are only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Powders, suspending agents, granules, tablets, pills, capsules, gelcaps and capsules are suitable for oral, buccal and sublingual solid dosage forms.
  • These dosage forms can be prepared by mixing one or more compounds of the invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a tautomer thereof, with at least one additive.
  • Suitable additives include sucrose, lactose, cellulose sugar, mannitol, maltitol, dextran, starch, agarose, alginate, chitin, chitosan, pectin, tragacanth, gum arabic, gel , collagen, casein, albumin, synthetic or semi-synthetic polymer or glyceride.
  • Oral formulations for convenient administration may also contain other components such as inactive diluents, or lubricants such as magnesium stearate, or preservatives such as paraben or sorbic acid, or antioxidants such as Ascorbic acid, tocopherol or cysteine, decomposers, binders, thickeners, buffers, sweeteners, flavoring agents or fragrances. Tablets and pills can be further treated with coating materials known in the art.
  • Emulsions, syrups, elixirs, suspensions and solutions are liquid dosage forms which are pharmaceutically suitable for oral administration. They may contain inactive diluents such as water.
  • the pharmaceutical formulations and medicaments can be prepared as a liquid suspension or solvent using sterile liquids including, but not limited to, oil, water, alcohol, and combinations thereof. It is also possible to add a pharmaceutically suitable co-solvent, suspending agent, emulsifier, For oral or parenteral administration.
  • the suspension may include oil. Such oils include, but are not limited to, peanut oil, sesame oil, cottonseed oil, corn oil and olive oil.
  • the suspension formulation may also contain esters of fatty acids such as ethyl oleate, isopropyl myristate, glycerol fatty acid esters and acetylated glycerol fatty acid esters.
  • Suspension formulations may include alcohols including, but not limited to, ethanol, isopropanol, cetyl alcohol, glycerol and propylene glycol; ethers including, but not limited to, polyethylene glycol, petroleum hydrocarbons such as mineral oil and paraffin; water may also be used In suspension formulations.
  • Injectable formulations generally comprise an aqueous suspension, or an oily suspension, which may be prepared in the form of suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents.
  • the injectable pharmaceutical preparations may be in the form of a solution phase or suspension which may be prepared with a solvent or diluent.
  • Acceptable solvents or vehicles include sterile water, Ringer's solution, or isotonic aqueous saline solution.
  • Sterile oils can also be used as a solvent or suspending agent.
  • the oil or fatty acid is non-volatile, including natural or synthetic oils, fatty acids, monoglycerides, diglycerides or triglycerides.
  • the pharmaceutical preparations and pharmaceuticals for injection may be powders suitable for redissolution. These powders may be, but are not limited to, freeze-dried, spin-dried or spray-dried powders, amorphous powders, granules, precipitates or microparticles.
  • the injectable preparations may also contain stabilizers, pH adjusting agents, solubilizing agents, bioavailability modifiers or combinations of these.
  • Suppositories, ointments, enemas, tablets or ointments are pharmaceutical preparations and pharmaceutical preparations suitable for rectal administration for the release of the drug in the intestine, sigmoid colon and/or rectum.
  • Rectal suppositories are prepared by mixing one or more compounds of the invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or tautomer of the compound, with an acceptable carrier, such as cocoa butter or polyethylene glycol. They are present in the solid phase at normal storage temperatures and are present in the liquid phase at appropriate temperatures in the body, such as in the rectum, to facilitate drug release. Oils can also be used to prepare soft gel type formulations and suppositories.
  • Water, saline, dextrose and related sugar solutions and glycerin may be used in the preparation of suspension formulations, which may also include suspending agents such as gelatin, carbomer, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose and carboxymethyl Cellulose, as well as buffers and preservatives.
  • the compounds of the invention may be administered to the lungs by inhalation through the nose or mouth.
  • Suitable pharmaceutical preparations for inhalation include solutions, sprays, dry powders and aerosols, which may contain any suitable container and optional other compounds including, but not limited to, stabilizers, antimicrobials, antioxidants, pH adjusters, solubilizers , bioavailability modifiers and combinations of these.
  • Formulations for administration by inhalation contain adjuvants such as lactose, polyoxyethylene-9-dodecyl ether, glycocholate and deoxycholate.
  • adjuvants such as lactose, polyoxyethylene-9-dodecyl ether, glycocholate and deoxycholate.
  • Aqueous and non-aqueous aerosols are typically used to deliver the compounds of the invention by inhalation.
  • aqueous aerosols are prepared by combining an aqueous solution or suspension of the compound with conventionalpharmaceutically acceptable carriers and carriers.
  • Carriers and stabilizers vary with the requirements of the particular compound, but generally include nonionic cosolvents (T W eens, Pluronics or polyethylene glycol), non-toxic proteins such as serum albumin, sorbitan esters, oleic acid, eggs Phospholipids, amino acids such as glycine, buffers, salts, sugars or sugar alcohols. Aerosols are typically prepared from isotonic solutions, and non-aqueous suspensions (e.g., fluorocarbon propellants) can also be used to deliver the compounds of the present invention.
  • nonionic cosolvents T W eens, Pluronics or polyethylene glycol
  • non-toxic proteins such as serum albumin, sorbitan esters, oleic acid, eggs Phospholipids, amino acids such as glycine, buffers, salts, sugars or sugar alcohols.
  • Aerosols are typically prepared from isotonic solutions, and non-aqueous suspensions (e.g., fluoro
  • Aerosols containing the compounds used in the present invention are traditionally delivered by the use of inhalers, nebulizers, pressurized packs, or nebulizers and suitable propellants including, but not limited to, pressurized dichloride Difluoromethane, trichlorofluoromethane, dichlorotetrafluoroethylene, nitrogen, air or carbon dioxide.
  • the dosage unit can be controlled by a valve.
  • a mixture of metered amounts containing a compound and a suitable powder carrier, such as lactose or starch, can be used to form capsules and pills in an inhaler or insufflator.
  • the invention is delivered using sonic nebulizers.
  • Aerosols are possible because the nebulizer subjects the reagent to minimal shear forces because shear forces can degrade the compound.
  • pharmaceutical preparations and pharmaceuticals can be sprays, nasal drops or aerosols.
  • Agents which contain suitable solvents and optional other compounds including, but not limited to, stabilizers, antimicrobials, antioxidants, pH adjusters, solubilizers, bioavailability modifiers, and combinations of these compounds.
  • the compound can be formulated as an oily solution or as a gel.
  • any suitable propellant can be used, including compressed air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, or low boiling hydrocarbons.
  • Dosage forms for skin (including buccal and sublingual) or transdermal administration include powder, spray Fog, cream, paste, milk, lotion, gel, solution and patch.
  • the active ingredient can be mixed under sterile conditions with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers and adjuvants and with the required preservative or buffer.
  • sprays may be prepared with adjuvants such as lactose, mica, silicic acid, aluminum hydroxide, calcium silicate and polyamide powder or mixtures of these substances.
  • Ointments, pastes, emulsions and gums may also contain adjuvants such as animals and Vegetable fat, oil, wax, paraffin, starch, tragacanth, cellulose derivative, polyethylene glycol, silicone, bentonite, mica, and zinc oxide, or a mixture of these substances.
  • the skin patch has controlled release of the present invention Advantages of the compound in the form.
  • Such a dosage form can be prepared by dissolving and dispersing the reagent in a suitable medium.
  • An absorption enhancer may also be added to increase the penetration of the compound of the present invention into the skin.
  • the permeation rate can be controlled by a speed control membrane or Controlled by dispersing the compound in a polymer matrix and gel.
  • Ophthalmic formulations, eye ointments, powders, solutions and the like are also considered in this hair
  • the compounds of the invention may be incorporated into various types of ophthalmic preparations for delivery to the eye (e.g., surface, anterior intraocular, or by implantation).
  • Compounds are typically incorporated into topical ophthalmic formulations.
  • the compound can be combined with an ophthalmologically acceptable preservative, viscosity enhancer, penetration enhancer, buffer, sodium chloride and water to form an aqueous, sterile ophthalmic suspension or solution.
  • the solution preparation can be prepared by dissolving the compound in a physiologically acceptable isotonic aqueous buffer.
  • the ophthalmic solution can include an ophthalmically acceptable co-solvent to help dissolve the compound.
  • Gelling agents can also be used, including but not limited to cold glue and xanthan gum.
  • the compound of the present invention and the preservative can be mixed in a suitable carrier such as mineral oil, liquid lanolin or white petrolatum to prepare a sterile ointment preparation.
  • the compound of the present invention can be suspended in a hydrophilic agent to prepare a sterile eye gel preparation, and the hydrophilic agent can be prepared by a combination of Carbopol-974 or the like. Preservatives and tonicity agents can also be incorporated.
  • One-time or continuous infusion of intrathecal administration can deliver the compound directly to a localized area of the spinal cord, such as the dorsal horn area, and the subarachnoid space containing CSF (cerebrospinal fluid).
  • the purpose of administration to the spinal nerve region can be achieved by epidural injection into the spinal cord region outside the arachnoid.
  • the penetration of the compound into the meninges can be enhanced by the use of a high osmotic pressure solution or by the addition of a penetration enhancer.
  • penetration enhancers include, but are not limited to, liposome encapsulation, surfactants or ion pairing agents.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvants and carriers are generally known to those skilled in the art and, therefore, are included in the present invention. Adjuvants and carriers are described in the literature, for example, in "Remingtons Pharmaceutical Sciences” Mack Pub Co, New Jersey (1991), which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the formulations of the present invention can also be designed to be short-acting, fast-releasing, long-acting, sustained-release (sustained- Releasing).
  • the pharmaceutical preparations can also be formulated in a controlled release or slow release form.
  • the formulations of the present invention may also include micelles or liposomes or some other sub-packaged form, or may be administered in extended release form to provide extended storage and/or release benefits.
  • the pharmaceutical preparations and medicaments can be compressed into pellets or cylinders and used as an injectable reservoir or graft for intramuscular or subcutaneous implantation of the stent, which can be degraded with known inert materials such as silicone and biodegradable. Polymer production.
  • the specific dosage can be adjusted depending on factors such as disease condition, age, body weight, general health, sex, patient eating habits, dosage interval, administration route, excretion rate, and drug combination.
  • the inclusion of an effective amount of any of the above dosage forms is well within the scope of routine experimentation and is therefore well within the scope of the invention.
  • the compounds described herein can be used alone in the methods and formulations described herein, or in combination with other therapies or active ingredients and their formulations. Additional treatments include surgery, radiation therapy, cryotherapy, and the use of additional drug ingredients including anti-proliferative agents.
  • the purpose of the combination is to play a cytotoxic synergistic effect on most cancer cells, such as cancer, melanoma, lymphoma and sarcoma, and to reduce or eliminate the appearance of drug-resistant cells and reduce the side effects of each drug.
  • the determination of the specific amount of active additive will depend on the particular agent employed, the type of cancer, the severity and stage, as well as the dosage of the compounds described herein and the other active additive doses administered simultaneously.
  • Other additional active ingredients that can be used in combination with the compounds described herein are well known in the art. In general, surgery and radiation therapy as potential root treatments are mainly used in people under the age of 70, and the cancer of these people is local and is expected to live for at least another decade.
  • anti-proliferative agent includes agents that prevent cell growth, maturation or spread, which act directly through toxicity or indirectly through modifications to biological mechanisms and biological effects.
  • a variety of anti-proliferative agents are currently in clinical use, clinical evaluation and pre-clinical development stages, and these compounds are all within the scope of the combination of drugs described in this patent for the treatment of cancer.
  • Typical antiproliferative agents can be classified as guanidinium, platinum drugs, antimetabolites, topoisomerase inhibitors, antitumor antibiotics, anti-cracking agents, aromatase inhibitors, thymidylate synthase inhibitors, DNA antagonism Agent, farnesyl transferase inhibitor, pump inhibitor, histone acetyltransferase inhibitor, metalloproteinase inhibitor, nucleoside reductase inhibitor, endothelin A receptor antagonist, vitamin A receptor agonist, Immunomodulators, hormone or Conazole drugs, photodynamic agents, angiogenesis inhibitors or tyrosine kinase inhibitors and analogs.
  • anti-proliferative agents can act through a variety of mechanisms or unknown mechanisms, so they can be included in more than one category.
  • One class of anti-proliferative agents that can be used in combination with the compounds described in this patent are thiolated drugs. It is believed that thiolated drugs inhibit cell division by thiolation and cross-linking of guanine and other possible basic sites in DNA. Typical thiolated drugs include nitrogen mustard, ethyleneimine compounds, sulfhydryl sulfate, cisplatin, and various nitrosoureas. Lack of these compounds The point is that they not only attack tumor cells, but also attack other normally dividing cells, such as bone marrow cells, skin cells, intestinal mucosal cells, and fetal tissue cells.
  • Suitable thiolated drugs that may be used in this patent include, but are not limited to, busulfan, procarbazine, ifosfamide, hexamethyl melamine, hexamethyl melamine, estramustine, thiotepa, nitrogen Mustard, carbazolamide, streptozotocin, lomustine, temozolomide, cyclophosphamide, semustine, and chlorambucil.
  • Another class of anti-proliferative agents that can be used in combination with the compounds described in this patent are platinum drugs.
  • Suitable thiolated drugs that may be used in this patent include, but are not limited to, spiroplatinum, oxaplatin (Aetema;), tetraplatinum, satraplatin (Johnson Matthey;), omalimin, isopropylplatinum, milplatin (Sumitomo), Nexplatin (AnorMED), polymer platinate (Access), oxaliplatin, carboplatin.
  • Another class of anti-proliferative agents that can be used in combination with the compounds described in this patent are anti-metabolic types of drugs. Antimetabolites are typically reversible or irreversible enzyme inhibitors, or compounds that otherwise interfere with the replication, translation or transcription of nucleic acids.
  • Suitable antimetabolites that may be used in this patent include, but are not limited to, aziridine, trimethoate, fluorouridine, deoxyketomycin, 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine, gluconate gluconate, 6-mercaptopurine, hydroxy Urea, 6-thioguanine, dimethoate (Sup e rG en ), cytarabine, chlorvadine (Bioenvision), 2-fluorodeoxycytidine, Ilovin (MGI Pharma), methylamine Chrysalis, Tuoyoude. Acetylene cytidine CTaih 0 ), fludarabine, gemcitabine, raltitrexed or capecitabine.
  • topoisomerase inhibitors include, but are not limited to, ampicillin, cisaticon mesylate (Daii C hi), epirubicin, ChemGenex, etoposide, Sigma-Tau, teniposide, mitoxantrone, difluentine (Beaufour-Ipscn) ⁇ 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin, dextro-imine (TopoTarget), ⁇ (Spectrum), ⁇ 33 ⁇ 4( ⁇ uspharma) edotecarin (Merck & Co), becatecarin (Exelixis), karenitecin (BioNumerik), BBR-3576 (Novuspharma) ⁇ Bhong Kun Dang, Lu SupeiGen, irinotecan (CPT-1), or topotecan.
  • topoisomerase inhibitors include, but are not limited to, ampicillin, cisaticon mesylate (Daii C hi), epirubicin, ChemGenex,
  • antibiotic anti-proliferative agents include, but are not limited to, daptomycin (actinomycin D), azonafide, valrubicin, pyridoxazole, daunorubicin (daunorubicin) , tetrazosinone, therarubici losomycin, demethoxydaunorubicin, bleomycin, daunorubicin benzoquinone, serotonin (CMenarini)), mithramycin, 1,3- Gem Pharmaceuticals, kaimycin, epirubicin, mitoxantrone (northroline) or naphthene.
  • anti-mitotic drugs include, but are not limited to, colchicine, ABT-751 (Abbott), vinblastine, xyotax (Cell Therapeutics), deacetylated vincosamide, IDN 5109 (Bayer), dolasting toxin 10 (NCI), A 105972 (Abbott), rhizomycin, A 204197 (Abbott), Warner-Lambert, synthadotin (BASF), simadotin (BASF), sedative (AS) I A.Mcdica), RPR 10988 IA ( Avcntis), IXD 258 (Avcntis), Cobstatin A4 (BMS), Epothilone B (Novartis), isohomohalichondrin-B (PharmaMar), T 900607 (Tularik), ZD 6126 (AstraZene
  • aromatase inhibitors Another class of anti-proliferative agents that can be used in conjunction with this patent are aromatase inhibitors. Suitable aromatase inhibitors that may be used in this patent include, but are not limited to, aminoglutethimide, armetametan (BioMedicines), melamine, letrozole, exemestane or anastrozole. Another class of anti-proliferative agents that can be used in conjunction with this patent is a thymidylate synthase inhibitor.
  • Suitable thymidylate synthetase inhibitors that may be used in this patent include, but are not limited to, pemetrexed (Eh Lilly), noramex (Eximias), ZD-9331 (BTG), deoxyfluorouridine (Nippon). Roche) or 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate (BioKeys).
  • Another class of anti-proliferative agents that can be used in conjunction with this patent are DNA antagonists.
  • Suitable DNA antagonists that may be used in this patent include, but are not limited to, trabectedin (PharmaMar), vartapeptide (Novartis), glucosamine (Baxter International), Baxter International (Baxter International), apaziquone (Spectrum) Pharmaceuticals), or thymectacin (NewBiotics).
  • trabectedin PulsaMar
  • vartapeptide Novartis
  • glucosamine Baxter International
  • Baxter International Baxter International
  • apaziquone Spectrum
  • thymectacin NewBiotics
  • Another class of antiproliferative agents that can be used in conjunction with this patent are farnesyl acyltransferase inhibitors.
  • Suitable farnesyltransferase inhibitors that may be used in this patent include, but are not limited to, arglabin (NuOncology Labs), thiprofen (Johnson & Johnson), lonofanib (Schcring-Plough), perillyl alcohol ( DOR BioPharma), or Sorfene (Bayer).
  • Another class of anti-proliferative agents that can be used in conjunction with this patent is a pump inhibitor.
  • Suitable pump inhibitors that may be used in this patent include, but are not limited to, zosuquidar trihydrochloride (Eli Lilly), tariquidar (Xenova), biricodar dicitrate (Vertex), or MS-209 (Schering AG).
  • histone acetyltransferase inhibitors Another class of antiproliferative agents that can be used in conjunction with this patent are histone acetyltransferase inhibitors. Suitable histone acetyltransferase inhibitors that may be used in this patent include, but are not limited to, Tektronix (Pfizer;), pivaloyloxymethyl butyrate (Titan), AP-CANC-03, and AP-CANC-04 (Aton Pharma). , Phenolic acid peptide (Fujisawa), or MS-275 (Schering AG).
  • metalloproteinase inhibitors include, but are not limited to, Aeterna Laboratories, metastat (CollaGcncx) or Maritim (British Biotech).
  • a nucleoside reductase inhibitor Suitable nucleoside reductase inhibitors that may be used in this patent include, but are not limited to, gallium maltitol (Titan), tezacitabine (Aventis), triapine (Vion), or didox (Molecules for Health).
  • Another class of anti-proliferative agents that can be used in conjunction with this patent is an endothelin A receptor antagonist.
  • Suitable endothelin A receptor antagonists that may be used in this patent include, but are not limited to, Abbott, Bosentan (R 0C he), Ambosentan (BASF), and Staxantan ( Encysive), Celadon (Roche), Dalusentan (Knoll), and ZD-4054 (AstraZeneca).
  • Another class of anti-proliferative agents that can be used in conjunction with this patent is a retinoic acid receptor agonist.
  • Retinoic acid receptor agonists include natural retinol (vitamin A) and synthetic analogs that bind to one or more retinoic acid receptors to initiate different processes, such as replication, development of bone formation, Cell proliferation and differentiation, apoptosis, hematopoiesis, immune function and hallucinations.
  • Retinoids are essential for the maintenance of normal differentiation and proliferation of almost all cells, and are shown in a variety of in vitro and in vivo cancer experimental models. It is shown to have a reversal/inhibition of carcinogenesis, see (Moon et al., Ch. 14 Retinoids and cancer. In The Retinoids, Vol. 2. Academic Press, Inc. 1984).
  • Suitable retinoic acid receptor agonists that may be used in this patent include, but are not limited to, retinoic acid receptor activators that may be used in conjunction with the present invention include, but are not limited to, fenretinide (Johnson & Johnson), alibretin ( Ligand), Allergan, tretinoin (Roche), isotretinoin (Roche), 13-cis retinoic acid (UCSD), or LGD-1550 (Ligand).
  • Another class of anti-proliferative agents that can be used in conjunction with this patent are immunomodulators.
  • Suitable immunomodulatory agents that may be used in this patent include, but are not limited to, another anti-proliferative agent that can be used in conjunction with the present invention as an immunomodulatory agent, including but not limited to interferon, interferon Alfa-2a (Roche), Dexosome therapy (Anosys), oncophage (Antigenics), pentrix (Australian Cancer Technology), GMK vaccine (; Progenies), CD1 54 cell therapy (Tragen), adenocarcinoma vaccine (Biomira), transvax (Intercell), Le Party shout (AVI) BioPharma), norelin (Biostar), IRX-2 (lmmuno-Rx), BLP-25 liposome vaccine (Biomira), PEP-005 (Peplin Biotech) ⁇ Polyganglioside vaccine (Progenies), synchrovax vaccine (CTL Immuno), ⁇ -alethine (Dovetail), melanoma vaccine (CTL Immuno), vasocare (Vasogen), cetoximab (Gen
  • photodynamic agents include, but are not limited to, estrogen, dexamethasone, conjugated estrogen, prednisone, ethinyl estradiol, methylprednisolone, ketene estradiol, prednisolone , diethylstilbestrol, aminoglutethimide, progesterone caproate, piracetin, medroxyprogesterone, octreotide, testosterone, mitotane, testosterone propionate, tetrahydromethyltestosterone, methyltestosterone, 2-a EntreMed, diethylstilbestrol, ezetimide (Eli Lilly), megestrol, tamoxifen, bicalutamide, toremifene, flutamide, goserelin, niru Mitt, or leuprolide.
  • Another class of anti-proliferative agents that can be used in conjunction with this patent is a hormonal drug.
  • suitable hormonal drugs that may be used in this patent include, but are not limited to, Light Sciences, Pd-bacteriopheophorbide (Yeda), theralux (Theratechnologies), Pharmacyclics, Mortensafin, Pharmacyclics. , or hypericin.
  • Another class of anti-proliferative agents that can be used in conjunction with this patent are angiogenesis inhibitors.
  • Suitable angiogenesis inhibitors that may be used in this patent include, but are not limited to, AEtema Zentaris, ATN-224 (Attenuon), sorafenib (Bayer), sedatives, bevacizumab (Genentech), Genentech, Lane Labs, L-651582 (Merck & Co), Watalani base (Novartis), or Pfizer. Another combination that can be used in conjunction with this patent.
  • Anti-proliferative agents are tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
  • Suitable tyrosine kinase inhibitors that may be used in this patent include, but are not limited to, Novartis, Aventis, kahalide F (PharmaMar), AstraZeneca, and statatinib. (Cephalon), Oncogene Science, Pfizer, Millenium, Genaera, Novartis, phenytolide, SLJ6668 (Pharmacia), Ciclox (ImClone), Bevacizumab (Genentech), ZD6474 (AstraZeneca), MDX-H210 (Mcdarcx), Vatalani (Novartis), Omittak (Genentech), lapatimb (GlaxoSmithKline), panitumumab (Abgenix), IMC-I C1 1 (ImClone), sorafenib (Bayer) or trastuzumab (Genentech).
  • anti-proliferative agents which can be used in combination with the present invention are melphalan, carmustine, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, mitomycin ⁇ Doxorubicin.
  • melphalan carmustine
  • cisplatin 5-fluorouracil
  • mitomycin ⁇ Doxorubicin melphalan
  • mL ml
  • DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
  • m-CPBA m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid
  • TLC thin layer chromatography
  • GI 50 half-inhibitory concentration compound using automatic nomenclature software Autonom 2000 (MDL Information Systems, San Leandro, CA), or Chemdraw Ultra
  • Autonom 2000 MDL Information Systems, San Leandro, CA
  • Chemdraw Ultra The name of the automatic naming tool provided by (CambridgeSoft, Cambridge, MA) is based on the IUPAC rules and stereochemistry supported by the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rule for the name of the chemical structure generation system. detailed description
  • 2-Phenylthio-3-aminopyridine 3.5 mp: 68-69. C; 92%; 1H NMR ( CDCI3) ⁇ 8.04-8.02 (m, 1 H), 7.30-7.18 (m, 5H), 7.10-7.06 (m, 1 H), 7.03-7.00 (m, 1H); 13 C NMR (CDCI3) ⁇ 144.17, 140.28, 138.94, 134.04, 129.27, 129.06, 126.60, 124.24, 122.01; ES-MS m/z 203.0 [M + H+].
  • Example 2 Selective cytotoxicity analysis of compounds in human lung pain, breast pain, colon pain, acute leukemia cells and normal fibroblast models
  • human non-small cell lung cancer cell H460 paclitaxel-resistant human non-small cell lung cancer cell H460 TaxR; doxorubicin-resistant human breast cancer cell MCF -7/ADR; human colon cancer cell HT29; human Leukemia cell OP-1; human normal fibroblast NHFB.
  • H460 cells, H460 TaxR cells, HT-29 cells, MCF-7/ADR cells, OP-1 cells and NHFB cells in logarithmic growth phase were prepared and prepared into cell suspensions of Sx lO ⁇ mL- 1 .
  • 100 ⁇ L was seeded in a 96-well plate, 5% C0 2 , cultured at 37 ° C for 24 hours, the supernatant was removed, and 200 fresh medium (with compound solution dissolved in DMSO) was added to each well.
  • the required concentration where the final concentration of DMSO is 0.1%), set 4 replicate wells per concentration, and set blank control wells (no cells, equal volume of cell culture medium containing only 0.1% DMSO) and negative control wells (cells 4 volumes of cell culture medium containing 0.1% DMSO, set up 4 duplicate wells, continue to culture for 48 hours after drug addition, terminate the culture, carefully remove the culture solution in the well, add 10% TCA 200 L per well, 4 °C Fix for 1 hour, rinse 5 times with double distilled water, dry naturally, add mg.ml ⁇ SRB solution to each well, stain for 15 minutes at room temperature, discard the supernatant, rinse 5 times with 1% acetic acid to remove non-specific binding.
  • the half-inhibitory concentration (GI 5 ) of the following compounds on OP-1 cells is 1-10 ⁇ .
  • the half-inhibitory concentration (GI 5 ) of the following compounds on OP-1 cells was 10-100 ⁇ .
  • the half-inhibitory concentration (GI 5 ) of the following compounds against HT29 cells was 10-100 ⁇ .
  • the following compounds have low half-inhibitory concentration (GI 5 ) for H460 cells.
  • GI 5 half-inhibitory concentration
  • the half-inhibitory concentration (GI 5 ) of the following compounds against H460 TaxR cells was 10-100 ⁇ .
  • the half-inhibitory concentration (GI 50 ) of the following compounds against MCF -7/AD cells was 1-10 ⁇ .

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种吡啶并硫氮七元环衍生物及其制备方法和应用,属于医药领域。吡啶并硫氮七元环衍生物具有广泛的抗肿瘤活性,该类化合物在体外细胞试验中对多种人类肿瘤细胞系列表现出良好的抑制作用,它们包括人类白血病细胞株OP-1,人类结肠癌细胞株HT29,人类肺癌细胞株H460,耐紫杉醇的人类肺癌细胞株H460TaxR和耐阿霉素的人类乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7/Adr等多种肿瘤细胞系列,这类化合物可独立地,或同其他抗肿瘤药物的有效成分一起,与药剂学上所述的辅料混合制成的一种药剂学上所说的剂型用于治疗各种肿瘤病症。

Description

一种吡啶并硫氮七元环衍生物及其制备方法和应用 技术领域
本发明涉及可作为抗癌药物的一类新型吡啶并硫氮七元环的低分子量的化合物及其组合物, 和它们的制备。 本发明还涉及治疗、 减轻和控制肿瘤疾病的方法, 包括肿瘤细胞增长抑制剂 的给药方式, 单独或与已知疗法的联合使用。 本发明还涉及利用这些化合物所制备的药剂和 使用剂量及其在治疗肿瘤疾病、 癌症等一系列疾病中的应用。 这些制剂也可与其他治疗方法 同时使用以达到治疗效果。 背景技术
恶性肿瘤是目前危害人类健康最严重的疾病之一, 其致死率仅次于心血管疾病, 位居第 肺癌是目前死亡率上升幅度最大、 死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤, 患者的五年生存率仅有 15%。 肺癌分为小细胞肺癌和非小细胞肺癌, 其中非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC)占全部肺癌病例的 85% ( http://www.aacr.org/)。 非小细胞型肺癌的病理学分型包括鳞癌、 腺癌和大细胞癌。
乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其发病率在全球范围内位居女性恶性肿瘤的首位, 并以每年 2%的速度递增, 死亡率占女性因恶性肿瘤死亡总人数的 20% (Giordano C, Masi A, Pizzini A, Sansone A, Consalvi V, Chiaraluce , Lucente G. Synthesis and activity of fibrillogenesis peptide inhibitors related to the 17-21 beta-amyloid sequence. Eur J Med Chem 2009,44:179-189) 乳腺癌发病常与遗传有关, 以 40— 60岁之间、 绝经期前后的妇女发病率较高。
结肠癌是常见的消化系统恶性肿瘤, 近年来其发病率有上升的趋势。 其根治性手术切除 后 5年生存率为 50%左右。 术后复发和转移是其死亡的重要原因。 目前治疗结肠癌的方法是 以手术为主、 并辅以化疗、 免疫治疗、 中药以及其它支持治疗的综合治疗。 虽然手术切除是 结肠癌治疗的主要手段, 然而单纯手术后的局部复发率较高, 大多数局部复发发生在盆腔内, 肿瘤侵入直肠周围软组织, 采用手术无法彻底切除。 盆腔化疗是清除这些癌细胞沉积的唯一 可供选用的有效方法。
急性淋巴细胞白血病是儿童中发病率最高的恶性肿瘤。 据统计, 在发达国家, 儿童急性 淋巴细胞白血病的患病率高达每 1,1000,000人每年有 30-45例。 此外, 成人急性淋巴细胞白 血病患者的存活率目前还低于 40%。 化疗在急性淋巴细胞白血病治疗中占重要地位。 Bcr-Abl 是治疗白血病的重要分子革巴标 (Baselga J, Aribas J. Treating cancer's kinase "addiction". Nat. Med. 2004, 10, 786-787)。 Bcr-Abl激酶嵌合物是 t(9;22)(q34;qll)基因在造血干细胞染色体中相 互易位的融合产物, 其中 Abl激酶保持被激活的构象, 从而使其具有持久的活性。 这种持久 的 Abl活性导致细胞的恶性转化 (Ren , Mechanism of BCR-ABL in the pathogenesis of chronic myelogenous leukaemia. Nat. Rev. Cancer, 2005, 5,172-183)。 目前所用的 Bcr-Abl激酶抑制剂治 疗效果不佳, 尤其不能有效解决白血病治疗后复发的难题。 甲磺酸伊马替尼 (Gleevec)是已上 市用于治疗多种癌症的有效药物, 它可与 Abl激酶的变构构象络合, 从而抑制其酪氨酸激酶 活性, 阻断细胞的信号转导。 但伊马替尼对大多数急性淋巴细胞白血病患者疗效不好, 即使 开始治疗有效的患者往往在 12个月内还会复发。 研究表明, 急性淋巴细胞白血病复发是由 于 Bcr-Abl的基因突变导致伊马替尼对其结和力降低所致 (Gorre ME, Ellwood-Yen K, Chiosis G, et al. Clinical resistance to STI-571 cancer therapy caused by BCR-ABL gene mutation or amplification. Science, 2001, 293, 876-880)。除此以夕卜,其他两个 Bcr-Abl激酶抑制剂, dasatinib 和 nilotinib (;第二代 Bcr-Abl激酶抑制剂)能有效地治疗 Bcr-Abl导致的白血病。 但化疗会导致 抗药性。 研究表明细胞对第二代抑制剂的抗药性源自 Bcr-Abl的 T315I突变, 导致药物对含 有 T315I突变的白血病细胞没有治疗效果。 到目前为止, 许多因 Bcr-Abl基因融合而致癌的 患者初愈后五年内无症状的患者只是病人总数的 37%。 因此, 急需研发新型 Bcr-Abl激酶抑 制剂。
总之, 化疗作为全身性治疗手段, 在恶性肿瘤治疗中具有手术、 放疗不可替代的重要地 位。近年来新化疗药物的出现极大改善了肿瘤患者的预后,但化疗药物的毒性 (Kaelin WG. The Concept of Synthetic Lethality in the Context of Anticancer Therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 2005, 5(9), 689-98)和肿瘤细胞对药物的耐药性 (Green D , Evan GI. A matter of life and death. Cancer Cell 2002, 1(1), 19-30.) 正成为困扰化疗的两大难题。
多数化疗药物因为不能区分正常细胞和肿瘤细胞, 在杀伤肿瘤细胞的同时也会对快速分 裂的正常细胞产生毒性, 表现为临床治疗过程中的毒副作用。 此外, 化疗失败的最终原因通 常是癌细胞对多种药物产生的多药耐药性 (MDR), 它表现在对多种化学结构非常不同的药物 的耐药。 众多临床资料表明肿瘤的多药耐药性与 ABC转运载体的过表达密切相关。 ABC转 运载体被称为 MDR蛋白家族 ( Gottesman M. M., Pastan I. Biochemistry of multidrug resistance mediated by the multidrug transporter. Annu. Rev. Biochem., 1993, 63(3): 385; Juliano . L. and Ling V. A surface glycoprotein modulating drug permeability in Chinese hamster ovary cell mutants . Biochem. Biophys Acta., 1976, 455: 152; Kimura Y., Matsuo M., Takahashi K., et al. ATP hydrolysis-dependent multidrug efflux transporter: MD l/P-glycoprotein. Current Drug Metabolism, 2004, 5: 1 )。 MDR-1是该家族中研究最多的基因, 它编码一个 170kDa的 P糖蛋 白(P- glycoprotein, P-gp)。 在耐药细胞中 MD ?7基因扩增导致 P-gp过量表达, 由 ATP提供能 量将多种化疗药物快速泵出细胞外而使抗肿瘤药物的细胞毒性作用降低从而产生耐药(Sauna Z. E. and Ambudkar S. V. Evidence for a requirement for ATP hydrolysis at two distinct steps during a single turnover of the catalytic cycle of human P-gp. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 2000, 97 (6):2515 ) o 研究表明 P-gp是一种跨膜糖蛋白, 由 1280个氨基酸组成, 整个分子由完全相同 的 2个单体构成, 每个单体具有 6个跨膜区和 1个 ATP结合位点, 跨膜区作为膜通道有利于 物质转运, ATP结合位点与其能量供应有关 (Ruefli A. A., Tainton K. M., Darcy P. K., et al. P-glycoprotein inhibits caspase-8 activation but not formation of the death inducing signal complex (disc) following fas ligation. Cell Death Differ., 2002, 9 (11): 1266 ) o P-gp能利用 ATP水解释放的 能量主动地将疏水亲脂性药物转运至细胞外, 导致细胞内药物浓度低于杀伤浓度; 还可使细 胞内药物再分布, 致使药物聚集于药物作用无关的细胞器如溶酶体内, 减少作用靶点部位的 药物浓度, 从而导致耐药。 P-gp对药物的特异性很小, 能够运输多种结构不同的底物, 因此 MDR细胞能对许多结构和作用机制不同的药物产生耐药。目前发现,多种化疗药物如紫杉醇、 长春花碱、 丝裂霉素、 多柔比星和依托泊苷均是 P糖蛋白的底物。
近年研究表明, P-gp除了具有药物外排功能外, 还能特异地抑制半胱氨酸天冬氨酸酶依 赖的肿瘤细胞凋亡, 延迟凋亡级联反应 (Bleiber G, May M., Suarez C., et al. MDRl genetic polymorphismdoes not modify either cell permissiveness or disease progresionbefore treatment. J. Inf. Dis., 2004, 189: 583; Chen B., Jing F., Lu X. L. et al. Effect of PKC Inhibitor on P-gp Expression and drug-resistance in MGC-803 Cells. Chinese Journal of Cancer, 2004, 23(4): 396;Gregory D. L., Tito F. and Susan E.B. The Role of ABC Transporters in Clinical Practice. The Oncologist, 2003, 8: 411)。 P-gp 在人体正常组织中广泛表达 (Haus C. M., Assaraf Y. G, Binyamin L., et al. Disruption of P-glycoprotein anticancer drug efflux activity by a small recombinantsingle-chain Fv antibody fragment tragment targeted to anextracellular epitope - Int. J. Cancer, 2004, 109 (5): 750; Marzolini C., Paus E., Buclin T. et al. Polymophisms in human MDRl (P-glycoprotein): recent advances and clinical relevance. Clin. Phamacol. Ther., 2004, 75(1): 13), 如胃肠道、 肝、 肾的上皮细胞、 脑、 睾丸、 卵巢、 肾上腺的毛细血管, 其功能可能与细胞的 物质转运和解毒有关, 是物种进化过程中抵御有害因素的基础。 当正常细胞演变成恶性细胞 时, 仍继续表达 i W基因, 因此临床上来源于这些组织的肿瘤对初始化疗就具有耐药性。
目前关于逆转 P-gp 介导的多药耐药的研究较多,主要有集中于化学药物逆转、 MDR1 反 义寡核苷酸逆转、 核酶逆转等几个方面。 最常见的是通过 P-糖蛋白抑制剂来阻止 P-糖蛋白的 活性 (Wu H, Hait WN, Yang J-M. Small Interfering RNA-induced Suppression of MDRl (P-Glycoprotein) Restores Sensitivity to Multidrug-resistant Cancer Cells. Cancer Res 2003, 63(7), 1515-1519; Matthes Huesker, Reversal of drug resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by adenoviral delivery of anti-MD l ribozymes. Hepatology 2002, 36(4), 874-884; Advani , et al. A Phase I Trial of Doxorubicin, Paclitaxel, and Valspodar (PSC 833), a Modulator of Multidrug Resistance. Clin Cancer Res 2001, 7(5), 1221-1229; Samuels BL, et al. Modulation of vinblastine resistance in metastatic renal cell carcinoma with cyclosporine A or tamoxifen: a cancer and leukemia group B study. Clin Cancer Res 1997, 3(11), 1977-1984; Ferry D , Traunecker H, Kerr DJ. Clinical trials of p-glycoprotein reversal in solid tumours. European Journal of Cancer 1996, 32(6), 1070-1081; Cucco C, Calabretta B. In Vitro and in Vivo Reversal of Multidrug Resistance in a Human Leukemia-resistant Cell Line by mdrl Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotides. Cancer Res. 1996, 56(19), 4332-4337; Bouffard DY, et al. Oligonucleotide modulation of multidrug resistance. European Journal of Cancer 1996, 32(6), 1010-1018)。 众多研究显示, 这些抑制剂不能克服肿瘤 对所有药物的耐药性, 如长春花碱等 (Samuels BL, et al. Modulation of vinblastine resistance in metastatic renal cell carcinoma with cyclosporine A or tamoxifen: a cancer and leukemia group B study. Clin Cancer Res。 November 1 , 1997, 3(11), 1977-1984; Gottesman MM, Fojo T, Bates SE. Multidrug resistance in cancer: role of ATP-dependent transporters. Nat Rev Cancer 2002, 2(1), 48-58; Ferry DR, Traunecker H, Kerr DJ. Clinical trials of p-glycoprotein reversal in solid tumours. European Journal of Cancer 1996 , 32(6), 1070-1081)。 而且, 单纯抑制 P-gp会抑制其 正常的生理功能, 从而产生毒性。 因此, 目前尚缺乏有效解决 P-gp高表达所致耐药的方法。 但是这些药物进入临床后的效果大都差强人意。 因此, 研发能有效杀伤 P-糖蛋白过度表达的 耐药性肿瘤细胞且毒性低的新型抗癌药物具有重要意义。
本项目选取非小细胞肺癌细胞 H460及紫杉醇耐药的 H460TaxR 、阿霉素耐药的乳腺癌细胞 系 MCF-7/ADR、 结肠癌细胞系 HT-29、 急性白血病细胞系 OP-1作为肿瘤细胞筛选模型, 同时 以快速生长的人正常成纤维细胞为对照, 筛选毒性低, 抗癌效果好, 且能有效杀伤耐药细胞 株的活性化合物。
H460TaxR细胞系是用紫杉醇对非小细胞肺癌细胞 H460进行加压筛选获得的 (Teraishi F, et al. P-Glycoprotein-Independent Apoptosis Induction by a Novel Synthetic Compound, MMPT [5-[(4-Methylphenyl)methylene]-2-(phenylamino)-4(5H)-thiazolone]. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 2005, 314(1), 355-362)。 H460TaxR细胞过度表达 P-糖蛋白, 因而对许多已知的抗癌药物有耐药性。 例如, H460TaxR对紫杉醇的抵抗力高于 H460至少 80倍。 因此, 使用 H460TaxR细胞系筛选类药性 小分子库是发现新颖抗耐药物的有效途径。
MCF-7是对多种抗癌药物具有耐药性的人类乳腺癌细胞 (Philip J. Vickers, et al, A Multidrug-Resistant MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cell Line Which Exhibits Cross-Resistance to Antiestrogens and Hormone-Independent Tumor Growth in Vivo, Molecular Endocrinology, 1988, 2 (10), 886-892)。 相比之下, MCF-7/ADR具有更高的耐药性。 它对抗癌药物阿霉素的抵抗力 是 MCF-7 细胞的 1000 倍 (Wang F, et al, Doxorubicin-gallium-transferrin conjugate overcomes multidrug resistance: evidence for drug accumulation in the nucleus of drug resistant MCF-7/ ADR cells. Anticancer Res. 2000, 20(2A), 799-808)。 因此, 能够抑制 MCF-7/ADR细胞增长的化合 物能够具有好的抗癌作用。
HT-29是人类二级结肠癌细胞系,许多研究证明它可用于筛选新型的抗结肠癌药物。 OP-1 是含有 Bcr-Abl激酶嵌合物的人类 B型急性白血病细胞系, 它可用来筛选类药性小分子化合物 库来研发 Bcr-Abl激酶抑制剂。 发明内容
本发明公开了一类具有抗肿瘤活性的吡啶并硫氮七元环衍生物。本发明以 2-氯或 4-氯 -3- 硝基吡啶为起始原料, 经取代、 硝基还原、 关环、 氧化等反应制备了一系列新颖的吡啶并硫 氮七元环衍生物, 这些化合物具有较强的抗肿瘤活性。 本发明还提供了制备此类化合物的方 法和它们单独、 联合或与其他治疗试剂联合制备药剂用于治疗多种肿瘤疾病。
因此, 根据本发明的一个方面, 提供了具有通式 1-1所表示的一类化合物:
Figure imgf000005_0001
1-1
及其立体异构体, 互变异构体、 溶剂合物、 药物前体、 和其药效学上可接受的盐,
其中: n = 0, 1或 2;
当 X = N时, Y = CR8; 当 X = CR8时, Y = N; 其中 R8表示氢, 素基团, 氰基, 硝基, 未取代的和取代的垸基、 烯基、 炔基、 环垸基、 杂环垸基、 芳基和杂环基, -OR9, -N 9 10, -OC(0)R9, -C(0)OR9, -C(0)N 9 10, -N 9C(0) 10, -NR9SO2R10, -S02N 9 10, -N 9C(O)N 10 n, -N 9C(N 10)N n 12, 其中 R910, Ru、 和 R12独立地选自氢, 未取代的和取代的垸基、 烯 基、 炔基、 环垸基、 杂环垸基、 芳基和杂环基;
1 , R2、 R3、 R R\ 6 和 R7独立地选自氢, 卤素基团, 氰基, 硝基, 未取代的和取 代的垸基、 烯基、 炔基、 环垸基、 杂环垸基、 芳基和杂环基; -OR13, -N 13 14, -OC(0) 13, -C(0)OR13, -C(0)N 13 14, -N 13C(0) 14 , -NR13S02R14, -S02N 13 14, -N 13C(0)N 14 15, -N 13C(N 14)N 15 16, 其中 R13、 R14、 R15、 和 R16独立地选自氢, 未取代的和取代的垸基、 烯基、 炔基、 环垸基、 杂环垸基、 芳基和杂环基; 其中 R3和 R4—起、 或 R4和 R5—起、 或 R5和 R6—起, 分别形成未取代的或取代的任选环系。
2、 如权利要求 1 所述的以通式 1-1表示的化合物的应用, 其特征是具有抑制人类白血 病细胞株 OP-1增长的抗肿瘤药物的有效成份。
3、 如权利要求 1 所述的以通式 1-1表示的化合物的应用, 具特征是具有抑制人类结肠 癌细胞株 HT29增长的抗肿瘤药物的有效成份。
4、 如权利要求 1 所述的以通式 1-1表示的化合物的应用, 其特征是具有抑制人类肺癌 细胞株 H460增长的抗肿瘤药物的有效成份。
5、 如权利要求 1 所述的以通式 1-1 表示的化合物的应用, 其特征是具有抑制对紫杉醇 耐药的人类肺癌细胞株 H460TaxR增长的抗肿瘤药物的有效成份。
6、 如权利要求 1 所述的以通式 1-1 表示的化合物的应用, 其特征是具有抑制阿霉素耐 药的人类乳腺癌细胞株 MCF-7/Adr增长的抗肿瘤药物的有效成份。
本文中所述的部分化合物可用作制备本发明的其他化合物的中间体。
本发明的化合物可用下列方法制备得到:
Figure imgf000006_0001
n、 X、 Y、 R、 R2、 R3、 R R\ R R7定义同前。 在一些其他实施方案中, 肿瘤细胞增长抑制剂可从列表 I中选择。
列表 I:
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-甲氧基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草 -P-甲基苯基) -8-甲氧基吡啶并 [2,3-6][l,4]苯并硫氮草
-苯基 -8-甲氧基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-(4-氟苯基 )-8-甲氧基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-(4-硝基苯基) -8-甲氧基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-(4-甲基苯基) -9-甲氧基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
_(4-甲基苯基) -10-甲氧基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草-(4-甲氧基苯基) -8-甲基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-(4-甲基苯基) -8-甲基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-苯基 -8-甲基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-(4-氟苯基 )-8-甲基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-(3-硝基苯基) -8-甲基吡啶并 [2,3-b][l,4]苯并硫氮草
- (呋喃 -2-基) -8-甲基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-(4-甲氧基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
_(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-P-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-(2-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-苯基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-(4-氟苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-(4-三氟甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-P-硝基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-(4-硝基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-(3-硝基 -4-氟苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
- (呋喃 -2-基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-(4-甲基苯基) -8-氟吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
_(4-甲基苯基) -8-氯吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-苯基 -8-氯吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-(3-甲基苯基) -8-氯吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-(3-硝基苯基) -8-氯吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-(4-硝基苯基) -8-氯吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
_甲基- 10-(4-甲氧基苯基)吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草-甲基 -10-苯基吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-甲基- 10-(4-硝基苯基)吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
0-(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草
-甲氧基 -10-(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草亚砜_(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草亚砜
-苯基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草亚砜
-氯 -10-(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草亚砜-(4-甲基苯基) -8-甲氧基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜-(4-甲基苯基) -9-甲氧基吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 6_(4-甲基苯基) -10-甲氧基吡啶并 [4,3-6][l,4]苯并硫氮草砜
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-甲基吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜
6-(4-甲氧基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜
6_(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜
6-P-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜
6-(2-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜
6-苯基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜
6-(4-氟苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜
6-(4-三氟甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜
6- (呋喃 -2-基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-氟吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-氯吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜
10-(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜
在另一个方面, 本发明还提供了抑制肿瘤细胞增长的方法。 这种方法包括将一个细胞暴露于 所述剂量的化合物、 或它的立体异构体、 互变异构体、 溶剂合物、 前体药物、 或药学上可接 受的盐, 这些物质加入后能够有效降低肿瘤细胞增长的速度和数量。 在一些实施例中, 肿瘤 细胞增长降低的水平至少 10%、 至少 30%、 至少 50%、 或至少 90%。 在本发明的一些实施例 中, 这种方法还包括对细胞加入本专利所描述的附加药物成份 (在这之后称为成份 A)。 在一些实施例中, 本发明所述的化合物和成份 A都采用口服给药。 在其他实施例中, 本发明 所述的化合物和成份 A都采用静脉注射、 皮下注射或吸入给药。 在还有的实施例中, 本发明 所述的化合物采用口服, 成份 A采用静脉注射、 皮下注射或吸入给药。 作为选择, 本发明所 述的化合物可采用静脉注射、 皮下注射或吸入给药, 而成份 A采用口服给药。 在另一方面中, 本发明提供了一种方法, 即将本发明所述化合物或其中任何两种或更多种和 / 或它的立体异构体、 互变异构体、 溶剂合物、 前体药物、 或药学上可接受的盐, 和一种或多 种成份 A组合, 给予一个需要治疗的患者有效的剂量, 与单独使用成份 A相比增加或提高了 有效性。 其中, 成份 A选自有效治疗肿瘤疾病的试剂。 在一些实施例中, 有效性的提高可根 据与单独使用该试剂相比组合物中一种或多种成份 A剂量的减少来体现。 在治疗使用方面, 成份 A和本发明所述的包含化合物的药物组合, 可以以任何常规的剂型, 以任何常规的方式给药, 包括任何本文中描述的途径。 因此, 给药途径包括但不限于静脉内、 肌肉内、 皮下、 滑液内、 通过灌输、 舌下、 经皮、 口、 局部和通过吸入给药。 通常的给药方 式是口、 表皮或静脉内给药。 在复方疗法中, 成份 A和本发明所述的化合物可以独立给药, 或以加入其他成份或佐剂的组 合配方的方式同时给药。 这些其他成份和佐剂可增强抑制剂的稳定性、 方便含有它们的药物 组合物的给药、 增加药物的溶解性或分散性、 增加抑制活性、 提供辅助治疗, 或提供类似的 优点。 此种复方治疗通常利用最低剂量的常规治疗剂, 来避免当这些药物作为单一疗法时可 能的毒性和副作用。 成份 A与本发明所述的化合物的药物组合可以与常规治疗剂或其他佐剂 形成单一的药剂。 所使用的成份 A和本发明所述的化合物, 可以作为盐、 溶剂合物、 互变异 构体和 /或药物前体以及作为单一立体异构体或立体异构体的混合物, 包括外消旋体。 根据本发明, 可以组合使用的成份 A和本发明所述的化合物的比例是可变的。成份 A和本发 明所述的化合物也可以它们溶剂化物或水合物的形式存在。 依据成份 A和本发明所述的化合 物的选取, 可以在本发明范围内使用的重量比例可根据各种化合物的分子量以及它们的不同 药效来变化。 重量比例的确定取决于特定的成份 A和本发明所述的化合物, 并在本领域技术 范围内在本发明的还有另一个方面, 提供了一种治疗癌症的方法, 这种方法包括给予需要本 发明所述的化合物或者它的药学上可接受的盐、 溶剂合物或立体异构体的机体有效的剂量。 在本发明的一些具体实施例中, 治疗癌症的方法还包括手术治疗、 放射线治疗、 冷冻疗法、 一种或多种抗增殖药物或一种药物组合物。在一些这样的实施例中, 抗增殖药物是垸基化物、 铂类药物、 抗代谢物、 拓朴异构酶抑制剂、 抗肿瘤抗生素、 抗裂剂、 芳香酶抑制药、 胸苷酸 合成酶抑制剂、 DNA拮抗剂、法呢酰基转移酶抑制剂、泵抑制剂、组蛋白乙酰转移酶抑制剂、 金属蛋白酶抑制剂、 核苷还原酶抑制剂、 内皮素 A受体拮抗剂、 维生素 A酸受体激动剂、 免 疫调变剂、 荷尔蒙或康荷尔蒙药物、 光动力学试剂、 血管生成抑制剂或酪氨酸激酶抑制剂。 在这样的一些实施例中, 垸基化物是白消安、 甲基苄肼、 异环磷酰胺、 六甲蜜胺、 六甲三聚 氰胺、 磷雌氮芥、 噻替派、 氮芥、 氮烯唑胺、 链脲霉素、 洛莫司汀、 替莫唑胺、 环磷酰胺、 司莫司汀或者苯丁酸氮芥。 铂类药物的例子包括螺铂、 洛铂 (Aeterna;)、 四铂、 沙铂 (Johnson Matthey)、奥马钼、异丙钼、米钼 (Sumitomo)、 nexplatin (AnorMED)、 polymer platinate (Access) 奥沙利铂、 卡铂。 在本发明的一些实施例中, 癌症是骨肉瘤、 卡波济氏肉瘤、 结肠直肠癌、 脑癌、 上皮细胞引 发的瘤 (上皮瘤)、 基底细胞癌 (basal cell carcinoma), 腺癌、 胃肠癌、 唇癌、 口腔癌、 食管癌、 小肠癌、 胃癌 (stomach cancer)、 肠癌 (gastric cancer)、 结肠癌、 肝癌、 膀胱癌、 胰腺癌、 卵巢 癌、 宫颈癌、 肺癌、 乳腺癌、 皮肤癌、 鳞状上皮细胞癌、 基底细胞癌 (basal cell cancer) 前列 腺癌、 肾细胞癌、 白血病、 淋巴瘤、 成红细胞瘤、 成胶质细胞瘤、 神经胶质瘤、 脑膜瘤、 星 形细胞瘤、 成肌细胞瘤、 多发性骨髓瘤、 急性骨髓性白血病、 骨髓增生异常综合征、 非霍氏 淋巴瘤、 或滤泡性淋巴瘤。 在这样的一些实施例中, 癌症是肢端黑色素瘤、 光化角化病、 腺 癌、 腺样囊性癌、腺瘤、 腺肉瘤、腺鳞癌、星形细胞肿瘤、前庭大腺癌、基底细胞癌 (basal cell carcinoma), 支气管腺体癌、 毛细淋巴管瘤, 癌、 癌肉瘤、 海绵状瘤、 肝胆管型肝癌、 软骨肉 瘤、 脉络丛乳头状瘤 /癌、 明细胞癌、 囊腺瘤、 内胚层窦瘤、 子宫内膜增生、 内膜肉瘤、 子宫 内膜样腺癌、 室管膜的、 上皮样的、 尤因肉瘤,、 纤维化的、 灶性结节性增生、 促胃液素瘤、 生殖细胞肿瘤、 成胶质细胞瘤、 高血糖素瘤、 血管网织细胞瘤、 血管内皮瘤、 肝血管瘤、 肝 腺瘤、 肝腺瘤病、 肝细胞癌、 胰岛瘤、 上皮内瘤变、 上皮林转细胞瘤变、 外阴鳞状细胞浸润 癌、 大细胞癌、 平滑肌肉瘤、 素瘤、 恶性黑素瘤、 恶性间皮瘤、 成神经管细胞瘤、 髓质口皮 瘤、 黑素瘤、 脑膜的、 间皮的、 转移癌、 粘液表皮样癌、 成神经细胞瘤、 神精腺癌小结黑素 瘤、 燕麦细胞瘤、 少突胶质细胞肿瘤、 骨肉瘤、 胰多肽、 乳头状浆液性腺癌、 松果体细胞、 垂体瘤、 浆细胞瘤、 假性肉瘤、 肺母细胞瘤、 肾细胞癌、 眼癌、 横纹肌肉瘤、 恶性毒瘤、 浆 液性癌、 小细胞癌、 软组织癌、 生长抑素分泌瘤、 鳞状癌、 鳞状细胞癌、 间皮瘤、 浅表扩散 性黑素瘤、 未分化癌、 葡萄膜黑色素瘤、 疣状癌、 脂肪瘤、 高分化癌、 或胚胎性癌肉瘤。 在一些实施例中, 癌症是白血病、 成红细胞瘤、 多发性骨髓瘤、 急性骨髓性白血病、 骨髓增 生异常综合征、 非霍奇金淋巴瘤或滤泡淋巴瘤。 在一些实施例中, 癌症是滤泡性淋巴瘤、 急 性骨髓性白血病、 多发性骨髓瘤或非霍奇金淋巴瘤或滤泡淋巴瘤。 在其他实施例中, 癌症是脑癌、 成胶质细胞瘤、 脑膜瘤、 大脑星状细胞瘤、 成神经管细胞瘤、 成神经细胞瘤或眼癌。 在一些这样的实施例中, 癌症是神经胶质瘤或成胶质细胞瘤。 在还有的其他实施例中, 癌症是骨肉瘤、 卡波济氏肉瘤、 软骨肉瘤、 尤因氏肉瘤或成肌细胞 瘤。 在一些这样的实施例中癌症是骨肉瘤。 在一些实施例中, 癌症是乳腺、 肺、 肾或前列腺癌转移。 在一些这样的实施例中肿瘤是癌症 骨转移。 发明详述 下面的术语贯穿运用于本文中, 定义如下。 一般的, 当提到某些元素诸如氢或 H时, 旨在包括该元素所有同位素。 例如, 如果 R基团被 定义为包括氢或 H, 它也包括氘和氚, 因此, 同位素标记的化合物在本发明的范围内。 普遍地讲, 术语"取代"对一个有机化学基团而言 (例如垸基), 具有如下定义: 其中一个或多个 含有氢原子的键被不含氢原子或未取代的碳原子的键替代。 取代基团还包括一个或多个与碳 原子或氢原子相连的键被一个或多个与杂原子相连的键, 包括双键和三键, 替代。 因此, 除 非特殊定义外, 一个被取代的基团将含有一个或多个取代基。 在一些实施例中, 一个被取代 的基团, 被 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 或 6个取代基取代。 取代基的例子包括卤素 (例如, F、 Cl、 Br、 和 1)、 羟基、 垸氧基、 链烯氧基、 炔氧基、 芳氧基、 芳垸氧基、 杂环氧基和杂环垸氧基、 羰 基 (0X0)、 羧基、 酯、 聚氨酯橡胶、 肟、 羟胺、 垸氧基胺、 硫醇、 硫化物、 亚砜、 砜、 磺酰基、 磺酰胺、 胺、 N-氧化物、 肼、 酰肼、 腙、 叠氮化物、 氨基化合物、 脲、 脒、 胍、 烯胺、 酰亚 胺、 异氰酸盐 (或酯)、 异硫氰酸盐 (或酯)、 氰酸盐、 硫氰酸盐 (或酯)、 亚胺、 腈 (例如 CN)及 类似物。 被取代的环基诸如被取代的环垸基, 芳基, 杂环基和杂芳基, 还包括环和并环体系, 其中一 个与氢原子相连的键被一个与碳原子相连的键取代。 因此, 被取代的环垸基, 芳基, 杂环基 和杂芳基也可以被按照如下定义的被取代的或未被取代的垸基、 烯基和炔基取代。 垸基包括含有 1到约 20个碳原子的直链和支链垸基, 并且典型的是 1到 12个碳或在一些实 施例中从 1到 8, 1到 6, 或 1到 4个碳原子。 垸基还包括, 按照如下定义的环垸基。 直链垸 基的例子包括含有从 1到 8个碳原子的基团, 诸如甲基、 乙基、 正丙基、 正丁基、 正戊基、 正己基、 正庚基和正辛基。 支链垸基的例子包括但不限于异丙基、 异丁基、 仲丁基、 叔丁基、 正戊基、 异戊基和 2,2-二甲基丁基。 典型的被取代垸基可以是被上述基团取代 1次或多次。 环垸基是环状垸基包括, 但不限于环丙基、 环丁基、 环戊基、 环己基、 环庚基和环辛基。 在 一些实施例中,环垸基包括 3到 10或 3到 8元环,而在其他实施例中环的碳原子数从 3到 5、 3到 6或 3到 7。 环垸基还包括单环、 双环和多环体系, 诸如如下所述的桥环垸基、 和并环、 包括但不限于十氢化萘及类似物。 在一些实施例中, 多环环垸基含有 3个环。 取代的环垸基 可以被上述非-氢和非 -碳基团取代一次或多次。 然而, 取代的环垸基还包括环上原子被上面 定义的直链或支链的垸基、 烯基或炔基取代。 典型的取代环垸基可以是单取代或多取代的, 包括, 但不限于被上述基团 2,2-、 2,3-、 2,4-、 2,5- 或 2,6-取代的环己基。 桥环垸基是其中两个或多个氢原子被一个亚垸基桥取代的环垸基, 其中如果被取代的这两个 氢原子位于一个碳原子上亚垸基桥可以包含 2到 6个碳原子、 或者如果这两个氢原子位于两 个临近的碳原子上亚垸基桥可以包含 1到 5个碳原子、 或者如果这两个氢原子位于被 1个或 2个碳原子隔开的碳原子上亚垸基桥可以包含 2到 4个碳原子。 桥环垸基可以是二环, 诸如, 例如二环 [2.1.1]己垸; 或三环、 诸如, 例如金刚垸。 典型的桥环垸基包括二环 [2.1.1]己基、 二 环 [2.2.1]庚基、二环 [3.2.1]辛基、二环 [2.2.2]辛基、二环 [3.2.2]壬基、二环 [3.3.1 ]壬基、二环 [3.3.2] 癸基、 金刚垸基、 noradamantyl 冰片基或降冰片基。 取代的桥环垸基可以是被上述基团, 包 括支链或支链的垸基、 烯基、 炔基取代 1次或多次。 典型取代的桥环垸基可以是单取代或多 取代的, 包括, 但不限于被上述取代基取代的单、 二或三取代金刚垸基。 环垸基垸基是上述定义垸基中的一个氢或碳键被上述定义的环垸基取代的垸基。 在一些实施 例中, 环垸基垸基有 4到 20个碳原子、 4到 16个碳原子、 和典型的有 4到 10个碳原子。 被 取代的环垸基垸基可以是在垸基、 环垸基被取代或在两者上都被取代。 典型取代的环垸基垸 基可以是单取代或多取代的, 包括, 但不限于被上述取代基团单、 二或三取代。 烯基包括直链和支链和以及上面定义的环垸基, 但至少有一个双键存在于两个碳原子间。 因 此, 烯基有 2到约 20个碳原子, 典型的有 2到 12个碳原子或, 在一些实施例中 2到 8, 2到 6, 或 2到 4个碳原子。 在一些实施例中, 烯基包括环烯基, 有 4到 20个碳原子, 5到 20个 碳原子 5到 10个碳原子, 或甚至 5, 6, 7或 8个碳原子。 例如包括但不限于乙烯基、 烯丙 基、 -CH=CH(CH3)、 -CH=C(CH3)2、 -C(CH3)=CH2、 -C(CH3)=CH(CH3)、 -C(CH2CH3)=CH2、 环 己烯基、 环戊烯基、 环己二烯基、 丁二烯基、 戊二烯基、 己二烯基。 典型的取代烯基可以是 单取代或多取代的, 包括, 但不限于被上述取代基团单、 二或三取代。 环烯基垸基是上述定义垸基中的一个氢或碳键被上述定义的环烯基取代的垸基。 取代的环烯 基垸基可以是在垸基、 环烯基被取代或垸基和环烯基两者上都被取代。 典型取代的环烯基垸 基可以是被上述基团取代 1次或多次。 炔基包括直链和支链垸基, 但至少有一个三键存在于两个碳原子间。 因此, 炔基有 2到约 20 个碳原子, 典型的有 2到 12个碳或, 在一些实施例中, 有 2到 8, 2到 6, 或 2到 4 个碳原 子。 例如包括, 但不限于 -C≡CH、 -C≡C(CH3)、 -C≡C(CH2CH3)、 -CH2C≡CH、 -CH2C≡C(CH3) 和 -CH2C≡C(CH7CH3), 除了别的以外。 典型取代的炔基可以是单取代或多取代的, 包括, 但 不限于被上述取代基团单、 二或三取代。 芳基是不含有杂原子的环状芳烃。 芳基包括单环、 双环和多环体系。 因此, 芳基包括, 但不 限于苯基、 并环庚三烯基、 联苯基、 二环戊二烯并苯基、 芴基、 菲基、 三联苯基、 芘基、 稠 四苯基、 葸基、 联苯基、 蒽基、 茚基、 茚满基、 并环戊二烯基、 和萘基。 在一些实施例中芳 基含有 6到 14个碳原子,在其他实施例中环的部分含有 6到 12个或者甚至 6到 10个碳原子。 虽然"芳基"一词包括含有并环的基团, 诸如, 芳环并脂肪环体系 (例如茚满基、 四氢萘基及类 似物), 但是不包括含有环上连接有其他基团, 诸如垸基或卤素原子的芳基。 一定程度上, 苯 甲基归于取代的芳基。 典型的取代芳基可以是单取代或多取代的。 例如, 单取代芳基包括, 但不限于被上述取代基团 2-、 3-、 4-、 5-、 或 6-取代的苯基或萘基。 芳垸基是上面定义的垸基中的一个氢或碳键被一个芳基取代的垸基。 在一些实施例中, 芳垸 基含有 7到 20个碳原子, 7到 14个碳原子或 7到 10个碳原子。取代的芳垸基可以是在垸基、 芳基或垸基和芳基两者上取代。典型的芳垸基包括但不限于苯基,苯乙基和并环 (环垸基芳基) 垸基, 诸如 4-乙基-茚满基。 典型的取代芳垸基可以是被上述基团取代 1次或多次。 杂环基包括芳香 (也可指代杂芳基)和非芳香环化合物, 包括 3 环或多环化合物, 其中一个或 多个环成员是杂原子, 包括但不限于 N、 0和 S。 在一些实施例中, 杂环基包括 3到 20元 环, 而其他类似的基团含有 3到 6, 3到 10, 3到 12或 3到 15元环。杂环垸基包括不饱和的、 部分饱和的和饱和的环系, 例如咪唑基、 咪唑啉基和咪唑垸基。 术语"杂环垸基"包括并环体 系包括那些并环的芳香和非芳香基团, 诸如, 例如, 苯并三唑基、 2,3-二氢苯并 [1 ,4]二氧芑和 苯并 -1,3-间二氧杂环戊烯基。 术语还包括含有一个杂原子的桥环多环体系, 包括, 但不限于, quinuclidyL 但是, 术语不包括环上连有其他基团, 诸如, 垸基、 羰基或卤原子的杂环基。 在 一定程度上, 这些化合物定义为"取代的杂环基"。 杂环基包括, 但不限于吖啶基、 氮杂环丁 基、 吡咯垸基、 咪唑垸基、 吡唑垸基、 噻唑基、 四氢苯硫基、 四氢呋喃、 1, 3-间二氧杂环戊 烯基、 呋喃基、 苯硫基、 吡咯基、 吡咯啉基、 咪唑基、 咪唑啉基、 吡唑基、 吡唑啉基、 三唑 基、 四唑基、 恶唑基、 异恶唑基、 噻唑基、 噻唑啉基、 异噻唑基、 噻二唑基、 恶二唑基、 吡 咯垸基、 哌嗪基、 吗啉基、 硫代吗啉基、 四氢吡喃基、 四氢硫代吡喃基、 氧硫杂环己垸、 双 氧基、 亚硫酰基、 吡喃基、 吡啶基、 嘧啶基、 哒嗪基、 吡嗪基、 三嗪基、 二氢吡啶基、 二氢 亚硫酰基、 单哌嗪基、 quinuclidyl、 吲哚基、 吲哚啉基、 异吲哚基、 氮杂吲哚基 (吡咯并吡啶 基)、 吲唑基、 吲哚啉基、 苯并三唑基、 苯并咪唑基、 苯并呋喃基、 苯并苯硫基、 苯并噻唑基、 benzoxadiazolyK 苯并嗪基、 苯并噻吩基、 benzoxathrinyl、 苯并噻嗪基、 苯并恶唑基、 苯并噻 唑基、 苯并噻二唑基、 benzo[l,3]dioxolyl、 pyrazolopyridyK 咪唑并吡啶基 (azabenzimidazolyl)、 triazolopyridyK isoxazolopyridyK 嘌呤基、 叶黄素基、 腺嘌呤基、 鸟嘌呤基、 喹啉基、 异喹 啉基、 quinolizinyl、喹喔啉基、喹唑啉基、噌嗪基、酞嗪基、萘啶基、蝶啶基、 thianaphthalenyl、 二氢苯并噻嗪基、 二氢苯并呋喃基、 二氢吲哚基、 二氢苯并二氧芑、 四氢吲哚基、 四氢吲唑 基、 四氢苯并咪唑基、 四氢苯并三唑基、 四氢吡咯并吡啶基、 四氢吡唑并吡啶基、 四氢咪唑 并吡啶基、 四氢三唑并吡啶基和四氢喹啉基。 典型取代的杂环基可以是单取代或多取代的。 包括, 但不限于被上述取代基团 2-、 3-、 4-、 5-、 或 6-取代、 或二取代的吡啶基或吗啡啉基。 杂芳基是其中一个或多个环成员是杂原子包括但不限于 N, 0, 和 S的 5 元环或更多元环的 芳香化合物。 杂芳基包括但不限于吡咯基、 吡唑基、 咪唑基、 三唑基、 四唑基、 恶唑基、 异 恶唑基、 噻唑基、 吡啶基、 哒嗪基、 嘧啶基、 吡嗪基、 苯硫基、 苯并苯硫基、 呋喃基、 苯并 呋喃基、 吲哚基、 杂氮吲哚基 (吡咯并吡啶基)、 吲唑基、 苯并咪唑基、 咪唑并吡啶基 (杂氮苯 并咪唑基)、 吡唑并吡啶基、 三唑并吡啶基、 苯并三唑基、 苯并恶唑基、 苯并噻唑基、 苯并噻 二唑基、 咪唑并吡啶基、 异恶唑并吡啶基、 thianaphthalenyl、 嘌呤基、 叶黄素基、 腺嘌呤基、 鸟嘌呤基、 喹啉基、 异喹啉基、 四氢喹啉基、 喹喔啉基和喹唑啉基。 虽然术语"杂芳基 "包括 并环化合物诸如吲哚基和 2,3-二氢吲哚基, 但是术语不包含其他基团, 诸如垸基、 与环成员 相连的杂芳基。 一定程度上, 含有这种取代模式的杂芳基称为"取代的杂芳基"。 典型取代的 杂芳基可以是被上述基团取代 1次或多次。 杂环垸基是指前面定义的垸基基团, 在其中, 垸基基团的一个氢或碳键被一个与前面定义的 杂环基基团形成的键所取代。 取代的杂环垸基可以是在垸基、 杂环基或垸基和杂环基两者上 取代。 典型的杂环垸基包括, 但不限于, 4-乙基-吗啉基、 4-ptopylmorphohnyl、 呋喃 -2基、 甲 基呋喃 -3-基甲基吡啶 -3基甲基四氢呋喃 -2基乙基和吲哚 -2基丙基。典型的取代杂环垸基可以 是被上述基团取代 1次或多次。 杂芳垸基是指前面定义的垸基基团, 在其中, 垸基基团的一个氢或碳键被一个与前面定义的 杂芳基基团形成的键所取代。 取代的杂芳垸基可以是在垸基、 杂芳基或垸基和杂芳基两者上 取代。 代表性的取代杂芳垸基可以是被上述基团取代 1次或多次。 垸氧基是指羟基基团 (-OH)中的与氢原子的键被与前面定义的取代的或未取代的垸基基团的 碳原子形成的键所取代。 线性垸氧基的例子包括但不限于甲氧基、 乙氧基、 丙氧基、 丁氧基、 戊氧基、 己氧基及类似物。 支链垸氧基的例子包括但不限于异丙氧基、 叔丁氧基、 季丁氧基、 异戊氧基、 异己氧基及类似物。 环垸氧基的例子包括但不限于环丙氧基、 环丁氧基、 环戊氧 基、 环己氧基及类似物。 典型的取代垸氧基可以是被上述基团取代 1次或多次。 术语"芳氧基 "和"芳垸氧基"分别指代的是, 一个取代和未取代的芳基连有氧原子的基团和一 个取代和未取代的芳垸基的垸基上连有氧原子的基团。 例子包括但不限于苯氧基、 萘氧基和 苄氧基。 典型取代的芳氧基和芳垸氧基可以是被上述基团取代 1次或多次。 垸基、 烯基、 炔基基团可以是单价的或二价的。 垸基, 烯基, 炔基的化合价在本技术领域的 背景下很容易的辨认。 例如, 芳垸基中的垸基是二价的。 在一些实施例中, 二价可以通过在 此处定义的术语中加后缀 "ene" 或" ylene"来清楚地指示。 因此, 例如" alkylene"指代的是二价 的垸基而 alkenylene指代的是二价的烯基。 术语"羧基"此处代表的是 -COOH基团。 术语"羧酸酯"此处代表的是 -COORa基团。 Ra是本发明定义的取代或未取代的垸基、 环垸基、 烯基、 炔基、 芳基、 芳垸基、 杂环垸基或杂环基。 术语"酰胺基 "(或 "胺基")包括 C-和 N-取代的基团, 例如, 分别是 -C(0)NRbRe和 -NRbC(0)Re
Rb和] ^是本发明定义的独立的氢或取代的或未取代的垸基、 烯基、 炔基、 环垸基, 芳基、 芳 垸基、杂环垸基、或杂环基。胺基包括但不限于氨基甲酰基 (-C(0)NH2)和甲酰胺基 (-NHC(O)H)。 氨基甲酸酯包括 N-和 0-氨基甲酸酯基团,例如,分别是 -NReC(0)ORf和 -OC(0)NReRf。 Re
Rf是本发明定义的独立的氢或取代基或未取代的垸基、 烯基、 炔基、 环垸基、 芳基、 芳垸基、 杂环垸基、 或杂环基。 术语"氨" ("氨基")此处代表的是 -NHRg和 -NRgRh,其中 Rg和 Rh是本发明定义的独立的氢或 取代基或未取代的垸基、 烯基、 炔基、 环垸基、 芳基、 芳垸基、 杂环垸基、 或杂环基。 在一 些实施例中, 胺是 NH2 、 甲氨基、 二甲氨基、 乙氨基、 二乙氨基、 丙氨基、 异丙氨基、 苯氨 基或苄氨基。 术语"磺酰胺基"包括 S- 和 N-磺酰胺基基团, 例如, 分别是 -SC^NRiRJ和 -Νί½02ί^'。 和 RJ 是本发明定义的独立的氢或取代基或未取代的垸基、 烯基、 炔基、 环垸基、 芳基、 芳垸基、 杂环垸基、 或杂环基。 因此, 磺酰胺基包括但不限于磺胺基 (-S02NH2)。 术语"硫醇"指的是 -SH基团, 其中硫化物包括 -SRk, 亚砜包括 -S(0)Rk, 砜包括 -S02Rk, 和磺 酰基包括 -S02ORk。 Rk是本发明定义的独立的取代或未取代的垸基、 环垸基、 烯基、 炔基、 芳基、 芳垸基、 杂环基或杂环垸基。 术语"尿素"指代的是 -Nl^-C C -Ni Rn基团。 I 1、 R°^P Rn是本发明定义的独立的氢或取代基 或未取代的垸基、 烯基、 炔基、 环垸基、 芳基、 芳垸基、 杂环垸基、 或杂环基。 术语"眯"指代的是 -C(NR°)NRpRq和 -NR°C(NRp)Rq基团,其中 R°, Rp和 Rq是本发明定义的独 立的氢或取代基或未取代的垸基、 烯基、 炔基、 环垸基、 芳基、 芳垸基、 杂环垸基、 或杂环 基。 术语"胍"指代的是 -NRrc(NRs)NRtRu基团, 其中 R R\ Rt和 Ru是本发明定义的独立的氢 或取代基或未取代的垸基、 烯基、 炔基、 环垸基、 芳基、 芳垸基、 杂环垸基、 或杂环基。 术语"烯胺"指代的是 -C(Rv)=C(Rw)NR¾y和 -NRvC(Rw)=C(RX)Ry基团, 其中 Rv、 Rwx和 Ry 是本发明定义的的独立的氢或取代基或未取代的垸基、 烯基、 炔基、 环垸基、 芳基、 芳垸基、 杂环垸基、 或杂环基。 术语"酰亚胺 "指代的是 -C(0)NRzC(0)Ral基团, 其中 Rz和 Ral是本发明定义的独立的氢或取 代基或未取代的垸基、 烯基、 炔基、 环垸基、 芳基、 芳垸基、 杂环垸基、 或杂环基。 术语"亚胺"指代的是 -CRbl (NRel)和 -N(CRblRel)基团, 其中 Rbl 和 Rel是本发明定义的独立 的氢或取代基或未取代的垸基、 烯基、 炔基、 环垸基、 芳基、 芳垸基、 杂环垸基、 或杂环基, 并限定 Rbl 和 Rel不同时是氢。 与羟基基团, 胺基基团, 羧基基团和巯基基团有关的术语"被保护 "指代的是这些官能度的形 式, 它们用保护基进行保护以免遭受不利反应。 保护基团是本领域技术人员知道的, 可以用 已知的步骤加入或除去, 诸如 Organic Synthesis, Greene, T. W.; Wuts, P. G. M., John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, (3rd Edition, 1999)所阐述的。被保护的羟基基团的例子包括但不限于甲硅 垸基醚诸如那些通过将羟基基团与下述试剂反应获得的, 包括但不限于叔丁基二甲基氯代硅 垸、 三甲基氯硅垸、 三异丙基氯硅垸、 三乙基氯硅垸、 取代的甲基和乙基醚包括但不限于甲 氧基甲醚, 苄氧基甲醚, 叔丁氧基甲醚, 2-甲氧基乙氧基甲醚, 四氢吡喃基醚, 1-乙氧基乙 醚, 烯丙醚, 二苄醚、 酯包括但不限于苯甲酰甲酸甲酯, 甲酸酯, 乙酸酯, 三氯乙酸酯和三 氟乙酸酯。
N保护基团包括酰基诸如甲酰基、 乙酰基、 丙酰基、 戊酰基、 叔丁基乙酰基、 2-氯乙酰基、 2-溴乙酰基、 三氟乙酰基、 三氯乙酰基、 邻苯二酰基、 邻硝基苯氧基乙酰基、 a-氯丁酰基、 苯 (;甲)酰基、 4-氯苯甲酰基、 4-溴苯甲酰基、 4-硝基苯甲酰基及类似物。磺酰基, 诸如苯磺酰基、 对甲基苯磺酰基及类似物。 氨基甲酸酯形成的基团诸如苄氧羰基、 对氯苄氧羰基、 对甲氧基 苄氧羰基、 对硝基苄氧羰基、 2-硝基苄氧羰基、 对溴苄氧羰基、 3,4-二甲氧基苄氧羰基、 3,5- 二甲氧基苄氧羰基、 2,4-二甲氧基苄氧羰基、 4-甲氧基苄氧羰基、 2-硝基 -4,5-二甲氧基苄氧羰 基、 3,4,5-三甲氧基苄氧羰基、 1- (邻联苯基) -1-甲基乙氧羰基、 αα-二甲基 -3,5-二甲氧基苄氧羰 基、 二苯甲氧羰基、 叔丁氧羰基、 二异丙基甲氧羰基、 异丙氧羰基、 乙氧羰基、 甲氧羰基、 烯丙氧羰基、 2,2,2-三氯乙氧羰基、 苯氧羰基、 4-硝基苯氧羰基、 芴基 -9-甲氧羰基、 环丙氧羰 基、 金刚垸氧酰基 (adamantyloxycarbonyl) 环己基氧羰基、 环戊氧羰基、 苯基硫代羰基及类 似物。 垸基基团诸如苯基、 三苯甲基、 苯氧基甲基及类似物。 甲硅垸基基团诸如三甲基硅基 及类似物。 典型的 N保护基团是甲酰基、 乙酰基、 苯甲酰基、 特戊酰基、 叔丁乙酰基、 苯磺 酰基、 苄基、 9-芴基甲氧羰基 (Fmoc)、 叔丁氧羰基 (Boc)、 苄氧羰基 (Cbz)。 被保护的羟基基团的例子包括但不限于硫醚诸如 S-苄硫醚、 S-叔丁基硫醚、 和 S-4-吡啶甲基 硫醚; 取代的 S-甲基衍生物诸如半硫基 (hemithio), 二硫基和氨基硫代缩醛; 和其他。 典型的羧基保护基团是 ^到 C8的垸基 (例如: 甲基, 乙基或叔丁基及类似物); 卤垸基、 烯 基、 环垸基和它的取代衍生物诸如环己基, 环戊基及其类似物; 环垸基垸基和它的取代衍生 物诸如环垸基甲基, 环戊基甲基及其类似物; 芳垸基, 例如, 苯乙基或苄基和它的取代衍生 物诸如垸氧基苄基, 硝基苄基及其类似物; 芳烯基, 例如, 苯乙烯基及其类似物; 芳基和它 的取代衍生物, 例如, 5-茚满基及其类似物; 二垸基氨基垸基 (例如: 二甲氨基乙基及其类似 物); 垸酰氧基垸基 (alkanoyloxyalky)基团诸如乙酰氧基甲基、 丁酰氧基甲基, 戊酰氧基甲基, 异丁酰氧基甲基,异戊酰氧基甲基, 1- (丙酰氧基) -1-乙基, 1- (特戊酰氧基 )-1-乙基, 1-甲基 -1- (丙 酰氧基 )-1-乙基, 特戊酰氧基甲基, 丙酰氧基甲基及其类似物; 环垸酰氧基垸基 (cycloalkanoyloxyalkyl) 基团诸如环丙羰氧基甲基, 环丁羰氧基甲基, 环戊羰氧基甲基, 环己 羰氧基甲基及其类似物; 芳酰氧基垸基, 如苯酰氧基甲基, 苯酰氧基乙基及其类似物; 芳垸 酰氧基垸基, 诸如苄羰氧甲基, 2-苄羰氧乙基及其类似物; 垸氧羰基垸基, 诸如甲氧羰基甲 基, 环己氧羰基甲基, 1-甲氧羰基 -1-乙基及其类似物; 垸氧羰酰氧基垸基, 诸如甲氧羰氧甲 基, 叔丁氧羰氧甲基, 1-乙氧羰氧 -1-乙基, 1-环己氧羰氧 -1-乙基等; 垸氧羰氨基垸基, 诸如 叔丁氧羰氨乙基等; 垸基氨基羰氨垸基, 如甲基氨基羰氨甲基及其类似物; 垸羰酰氨基垸基 (alkanuylaminoalkyl), 诸如乙酰氨基甲基及其类似物; 杂环羰酰氧基垸基, 诸如 4-甲基哌嗪 羰酰氧基甲基及其类似物; 二垸氨基羰基垸基, 诸如二甲氨基羰基甲基, 二乙氨基羰基乙基 及其类似物;(5- (垸基 )-2-羰基 -1,3-二氧戊环 -4-基)垸基,诸如 (5-叔丁基 -2-羰基 -1,3-二氧戊环 -4- 基)甲基及其类似物; (5-苯基 -2-羰基 -1,3-二氧戊环 -4-基)垸基, 诸如 (5-苯基 -2-羰基 -1,3-二氧戊 环 -4-基)甲基及其类似物。 本领域技术人员将意识到发明中的化合物可能会存在互变异构, 构象异构, 几何异构和 (或) 光学异构的现象。 专利说明书和声明中所画的分子式只能表现出其中一种可能的互变异构, 构象异构, 光学异构或几何异构形式, 应当理解的是本专利包括涉及具有一种或多种用途的 化合物所有的互变异构, 构象异构, 光学异构和或几何异构形式, 和各种异构形式的混合物。 术语"互变异构体"指的是相互平衡的化合物的同分异构形式。 各异构形式的浓度将取决于化 合物所处的环境, 并可以根据化合物是处于固体或者是处于有机或含水溶液中而有所变化。 例如, 含水溶液中, 三氮唑可能会出现以下异构形式, 这被称为相互的互变异构体:
Figure imgf000016_0001
在本领域技术人员所容易理解地, 许多官能团和其他结构可以显示出互变异构。 本发明所述 的化合物所有的互变异构体都在本发明的范围内。 除非明确标示的特定的立体化学, 化合物的立体异构体 (也称为光学异构体)包括全部手性的, 非对映的, 外消旋的异构体形式。 本发明中的化合物包括在任一个或所有不对称中心部分或 完全拆分的旋光异构体。 外消旋和非对映异构体化合物, 以及单个光学异构体可以分离或合 成, 以使得充分地与它们的对映异构体或非对映异构体伴侣分离, 这些也是在本发明的范围 之内。 本发明使用的溶剂合物是指一个本专利所述的化合物分子和一个或多个溶剂分子的聚合体。 在固体状态下, 有些化合物具有结合一定摩尔比率溶剂的趋势。 溶剂分子可以与非溶剂分子 通过偶极偶极相互作用, 离子偶极交互作用, 配位键及类似的方式相互作用。 当溶剂是水的 时, 溶剂合物是水合物。 许多有机溶剂也可以形成溶剂合物, 包括, 例如, 醚如乙醚和四氢 呋喃, 醇如甲醇和乙醇, 酮如丙酮, Ν,Ν -二甲基甲酰胺, 二甲基亚砜, 以及其他溶剂。 溶剂 合物可以通过本技术领域各种各样方法鉴别。 例如, 溶剂分子中含有氢的溶剂合物可以通过 核磁共振观察到。 其他有效的来鉴定溶剂合物的方法有热重分析, 差示扫描量热法, X射线 衍射分析, 元素分析。 溶剂合物可通过多种方式形成, 例如, 将化合物溶解在一种溶剂中并 蒸发掉未被捕获的溶剂分子, 或冻干, 或重结晶。 因此溶剂合物的形成完全是在本技术领域 范围内的。 事实上, 化合物经常需要通过细致的干燥来除去溶剂合物中包含的溶剂。 本专利 描述的化合物也有能会形成溶剂合物, 所有的溶剂合物都在本发明的范围之内。 本发明范围内的某些化合物是衍生物, 称为"前体药物"。 "前体药物"意味着它是一个已知的, 对疾病有直接疗效的药物的衍生物, 例如酯和酰胺, 与药物相比, 这些衍生物具有改善药物 的给药方式, 有助其吸收和提高其疗效的作用, 并且它在体内通过酶或化学过程被转化为活 性药物。 参见 Notari, R. E., "Theory and Practice of Prodrug Kinetics," Methods in Enzymology /72:309-323 (1985); Bodor, N., "Novel Approaches in Prodrug Design," Drugs of the Future 6: 165-182 (1981); and Bundgaard, H., "Design of Prodrugs: Bioreversible-Derivatives for Various Functional Groups and Chemical Entities," in Design of Prodrugs (H. Bundgaard, ed.), Elsevier, New York (1985), Goodman and Gilmans, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed., McGraw-Hill, Int. Ed. 1992。 前述参考文献和本文中列出的所有参考文献通过参考整体并入本 文。 本发明的化合物药学上可接受的盐被认为是在本发明的范围之内, 当本发明中的化合物含有 碱性基团时, 诸如, 氨基基团, 可以与无机酸 (诸如盐酸, 硼酸, 硝酸, 硫酸和磷酸), 有机 酸 (如蚁酸, 乙酸, 三氟乙酸, 反丁烯二酸, 草酸, 酒石酸, 乳酸, 马来酸, 柠檬酸, 琥珀酸, 苹果酸, 甲磺酸, 苯磺酸和甲苯磺酸)或酸性氨基酸 (如天冬氨酸和谷氨酸)形成药学上可接受 的盐。 当本发明中的化合物含有酸性基团时, 诸如例如, 一个羧基基团, 它可以和金属, 诸 如碱金属和碱土金属 (如 Na+、 Li+、 K+、 Ca+、 Mg2+、 Zn2+ ), 氨水, 有机胺 (例如三甲胺、 三 乙胺、 吡啶、 甲基吡啶、 乙醇胺、 二乙醇胺、 三乙醇胺), 或碱性氨基酸 (;例如精氨酸, 赖氨 酸, 鸟氨酸)形成药学上可接受的盐。 本发明中的化合物可以通过本领域技术人员熟知的技术容易地合成。 本发明中范围内的"治疗"指全部或部分地, 缓解与疾病相关的症状, 减慢或停止这些症状的 进一步发展或恶化, 或预防和防止危险群体的发病。 如本文中所述, 本发明的化合物的"治疗 上有效剂量"指的是该剂量可全部或部分地减慢或停止这些症状的进一步发展或恶化,预防或 防止危险群体的发病。 正如本领域技术人员所熟知的, 本发明的化合物的治疗上有效剂量可 以依据所治疗的症状的不同而有所变化。 例如, 用于治疗肿瘤疾病的有效剂量, 与治疗其他 疾病, 诸如心血管疾病、 糖尿病, 胰岛素抵抗症和代谢综合症, 的有效剂量相比很可能是不 同的。 本发明描述的化合物治疗上有益的主体是任何动物, 在一些实施例中, 主体是指哺乳动物, 例如, 人、 灵长类动物、 狗、 猫、 马、 牛、 猪、 啮齿动物, 诸如例如大老鼠或小老鼠。 典型 的主体是人。
术语"癌症"指代的是以细胞增殖为特征的任何不同的恶性肿瘤, 而这种增殖细胞可以侵入周 围组织以及向新的身体部位转移。 良性肿瘤和恶性肿瘤的分类都可根据其所存在的器官的类 型来确定。 例如, 纤维瘤是指纤维结缔组织的肿瘤, 黑素瘤是指色素 (黑色素)细胞的异常生 长。 始于上皮细胞组织(例如, 皮肤, 支气管和胃)的恶性肿瘤均为癌。 在乳房, 前列腺和结 肠等上皮腺体组织的恶性肿瘤被称作腺癌。 结缔组织的恶性生长, 例如肌肉, 软骨, 淋巴组 织和骨则被称作肉瘤。 淋巴瘤和白血病属于白细胞中的恶性肿瘤。
在肿瘤, 癌症和肿瘤生长或肿瘤细胞生长的情况下, 抑制活性可通过以下方式评估, 原发性 或继发性肿瘤出现的延迟, 原发性或继发性肿瘤发展的减慢, 原发性或继发性肿瘤发生的降 低, 继发性肿瘤程度的减缓或降低, 阻止肿瘤生长和肿瘤衰退, 等等。 在极端的情况下, 这 里的完全抑制是指预防或化学预防。 在这种情况下, 术语"预防"包括完全防止在临床中已显 明的肿瘤的形成或防止临床前处于明显危险期中的肿瘤的发作。 此定义也包括预防或阻止正 常细胞向肿瘤细胞的转变, 或阻止或反转细胞癌变的的过程。 这包括那些处于肿瘤发病前期 的人群的预防性治疗。 本发明中的化合物在治疗上的有效剂量可以依据给药途径和剂型而变化。 本发明化合物的有 效剂量通常在约 0.001 到 100 mg/kg/天范围内。更通常地, 在约 0.05 到 10 mg/kg/天。通常, 选择一个或多个本发明中的化合物配成具有高治疗指数的制剂。 治疗指数是毒性效果和治疗 效果之间的剂量比, 该指数可以表达为 LD5。和 ED5。之间的比率。 LD5。是 50%的群体致死 的量, ED5。是 50%的群体有治疗效果的剂量。 LD5。和 ED5。在动物细胞培养物和动物实验 中通过标准的药学程序进行测定。
治疗方法也可以包括与其他疗法一起给予本发明中的化合物或药物制剂, 本发明的组合疗法 可以是同时, 分别, 或依次给药。 例如, 本发明的化合物和药物制剂可以在手术程序和 /或辐 射治疗之前, 期间或之后给药。 依具体情况而定, 本发明的化合物也可以与本文中描述的其 他抗炎剂, 抗肿瘤剂和其他药物组合给药。 本文中描述的炎症调节剂, 多种类型的免疫调节 剂, 免疫抑制剂, 抑制细胞生长的药物, 可以和本发明所描述的化合物组合使用。 活性添加剂的具体剂量是根据很多因素确定的。 这些因素包括所使用具体药剂的, 所治疗和 维持的疾病的类型, 疾病的严重程度和阶段, 和同时给药的化合物的剂量和其他可选的活性 添加剂。 在本发明的一些实施例中, 通过特定的方式, 对一个机体, 特别是人体给与本发明中的一个 或多个化合物和活性添加剂, 给药方式可以是顺次和在一定时间间歇内给药, 与其他给药方 式相比, 化合物可以和其他药剂发生联合作用, 提高治疗效果。 例如, 活性添加剂可以一同 剂型方式同时给药, 同时给药或不同间隔内次序依次给药; 然而, 如果不能同时给药, 它们 给药的时间也必须十分接近以便达到所需的治疗或预防效果。 在一些实施例中, 化合物和活 性添加剂起效时间会有重叠。 每一个活性添加剂都能以任何适当形式和任何途径单独给药。 在其他一些实施例中, 化合物在服用活性添加剂之前, 同时或之后给药。 在各种例子中, 化合物和活性添加剂可以在下述时间间隔内给药, 少于 1个小时, 大约 1个 小时, 1个小时到 2个小时, 2个小时到 3个小时, 3个小时到 4个小时, 4个小时到 5个小 时, 5个小时到 6个小时, 6个小时到 7个小时, 7个小时到 8个小时, 8个小时到 9个小时, 9个小时到 10个小时, 10个小时到 11个小时, 11个小时到 12个小时, 不超过 24小时或不 超过 48小时。 在其他一些例子中, 化合物和活性添加剂同时给药。 在另外的一些实施例中, 化合物和活性添加剂以同制剂形式同时给药。 在其他一些例子中,化合物和活性添加剂还可以在下述时间间隔内给药, 2到 4天, 4到 6天, 1个星期, 1到 2个星期, 或者超过 2个星期。 在某些例子中, 本发明中的化合物和可选的活性添加剂可通过轮换的方式对患者给药。 循环 疗法涉及使用第一个药物一段时间后, 接着使用第二个或第三个制剂药物一段时间, 再不断 重复这个用药次序。循环疗法有很多好处, 例如, 降低对一个或多个疗法产生抗药性的几率, 避免或降低一个或多个疗法的副作用, 和 /或提高治疗效果。 在其他一些例子中, 本发明中的化合物和可选的活性添加剂以少于 3周的循环周期给药, 大 约每两周一次, 每十天一次, 每周一次。 一个循环可以包括本发明中的化合物和可选的第二 个活性药物以输液的形式给药, 给药时间为大约一次 90分钟, 一次一小时, 一次 45分钟, 一次 30分钟, 一次 15分钟。 每次循环可以包括至少一周, 至少两周, 至少三周的休息时间。 循环给药的次数是从一到十二, 更典型的是从二到十, 更典型的是从二到八。 同一个患者可以按不同的疗程进行同步治疗, 例如, 活性添加剂的每个剂量还可以单独的方 式给药,但在一定的时间间隔内, 以使本发明中的化合物可以与活性添加剂相互作用。例如, 一周一次给药的成份可以和每两周一次或每三周一次给药的其他成份相结合。 换句话说, 即 使治疗过程不是同时给药或者不是同一天给药, 给药方案也可以同步进行。 活性添加剂可以起到附加的疗效, 更典型的是与本发明的化合物互相促进达到附增的作用。 在一个例子中, 本发明中的化合物和一个或多个第二类活化剂以同剂组合的方式同时给药。 在另一个的例子中, 本发明中的化合物和一个或多个第二类活化剂以不同药剂的方式同时给 药。 在另一个例子中, 本发明中的化合物先于或后于第二类活化剂给药。 本发明考虑本发明 中的化合物和第二类活化剂以相同或不同的途径给药, 例如口服或注射。 在某些实施例中, 当发明的化合物和第二类活化剂同时给药, 而第二类活化剂具有潜在的副作用, 这些副作用 包括但不限于毒性。 这样, 第二类活化剂的剂量就可以设在引起副作用的剂量之下。 本发明也提供了药物制剂和药品, 该药物制剂和药品可以通过将一个或多个本发明中的化合 物, 其药物前体, 其药学上可以接受的盐, 其立体异构体, 其互变异构体, 其溶剂合物, 与 药学上可接受的载体, 赋形剂, 粘合剂, 稀释剂或类似物混合制备而得。 该药物制剂和药品 可用于预防和治疗各种本文描述的与过量细胞因子产生有关的各种疾病, 例如, 炎症、 疼痛、 癌症等所涉及的疾病和病因。 此种药品可以是如下各种形式, 如, 颗粒, 粉剂, 片剂, 胶囊, 糖浆, 栓剂, 注射剂, 乳剂, 酏剂, 悬浮剂或溶液。 本药品制剂可用于各种给药途径, 例如, 通过口服, 肠外, 皮肤, 直肠, 鼻, 阴道给药, 或通过可植入容器 (implanted reservoir)给药。 肠外或全身性给药包括但不限于如下各类注射方式, 如皮下, 静脉, 腹腔, 肌肉, 关节内, 滑液内, 胸骨下, 腱鞘内, 病灶内和头颅内。 下面的剂型仅做为例子, 并且不是限制本发明 的范围。 粉剂, 悬浮剂, 颗粒, 片剂, 药丸, 胶囊, 粒状胶囊 (gelcaps)和胶囊片适用于口服, 口腔和 舌下给药的固体剂型。 这些剂型可以通过将一个或多个本发明中的化合物, 或其药学上可接 受的盐或其互变异构体, 与至少一种添加剂混合制备而得。 合适的添加剂包括蔗糖, 乳糖, 纤维素糖, 甘露醇, 麦芽糖醇, 葡聚糖, 淀粉, 琼脂糖, 海藻酸盐, 几丁质, 壳聚糖, 果胶, 黄芪胶, 阿拉伯胶, 凝胶, 胶原, 酪蛋白, 清蛋白, 合成或半合成的聚合物或甘油酯。 为方 便给药口服制剂也可以含有其他组分, 诸如无活性的稀释剂、 或润滑剂诸如硬脂酸镁, 或防 腐剂诸如对羟基苯甲酸酯类 (paraben)或山梨酸, 或抗氧化剂诸如抗坏血酸、 生育酚或半胱氨 酸、 分解剂、 粘合剂、 增稠剂、 缓冲剂、 甜味剂、 增香剂或芳香剂。 片剂和药丸可以进一步 用本领域已知的包衣材料处理。 乳剂, 糖浆, 酏剂, 悬浮液和溶液是药学上适用于口服给药的液体剂型。 它们可以含有无活 性的稀释剂诸如水。 药物配方和药剂可以用无菌液体, 包括但不限于油, 水, 醇和这些物质 的组合, 制备成液体悬浮液或溶剂。 还可以加入药学上合适的助溶剂, 悬浮剂, 乳化剂, 以 用于经口服或肠外给药。 如上所述, 悬浮液可能包括油。 此类油包括但不限于花生油, 芝麻油, 棉籽油, 玉米油和橄 榄油。 悬浮液配方也可以含有脂肪酸的酯, 诸如油酸乙酯, 肉豆蔻酸异丙酯, 甘油脂肪酸酯 和乙酰化甘油脂肪酸酯。 悬浮液配方可以包括醇类, 包括但不限于乙醇, 异丙醇, 十六醇, 甘油和丙二醇; 醚类, 包括但不限于聚乙二醇, 石油烃诸如矿物油和石蜡; 水也可以用于悬 浮液配方。 可注射剂型一般包括水悬浮液, 或油悬浮液, 其可以用合适的分散剂或润湿剂和悬浮剂制备 而得。 可注射药品可以是在溶液相 (solution phase)或悬浮物形式, 它们可以用溶剂或稀释剂制 备。 可接受的溶剂或载体包括无菌水, Ringer's溶液, 或等渗压含水盐水溶液。 无菌油也可被 用作溶剂或悬浮剂。 通常, 油或脂肪酸是非挥发性的, 包括天然或合成的油, 脂肪酸, 单酸 甘油酯, 甘油二酯或甘油三酯。 用于注射的药物制剂和药品可以是适合再溶解的粉末。 这些粉末可以是包括但不限于冷冻干 燥的, 旋转干燥的或喷雾干燥的粉末, 无定形粉末, 颗粒, 沉淀物或微粒。 注射制剂也可以 含有稳定剂, pH调节剂, 助溶剂, 生物利用度修饰剂 (bioavailability modifiers)或这些物质的 组合。 栓剂, 药膏, 灌肠剂, 片剂或软膏是适于直肠给药的药物制剂和药品, 用于在肠、 乙状结肠 和 /或直肠内释放药物。 直肠栓剂通过将一种或多种本发明中的化合物, 或药学上可接受的盐 或化合物的互变异构体, 与可接受的载体, 例如可可油或聚乙二醇混合制备而得, 它们在正 常的存储温度下以固相存在, 在体内, 诸如直肠内适当的温度下以液相存在以便于药物的释 放。 油也可以用于制备软凝胶类型的制剂和栓剂。 水, 盐水, 含有右旋糖和相关糖溶液和甘 油可以用于制备悬浮制剂, 该悬浮制剂也可以包括悬浮剂诸如果胶, 卡波姆, 甲基纤维素, 羟丙基纤维素和羧甲基纤维素, 以及缓冲液和防腐剂。 本发明的化合物可以通过鼻子或嘴吸入对肺给药。 适于吸入的药物制剂包括溶液, 喷雾, 干 粉和气雾剂, 它们可含有任何合适的容剂和可选的其他化合物包括但不限于稳定剂, 抗微生 物剂, 抗氧化剂, pH调节剂, 助溶剂, 生物可利用度修饰剂和这些物质的组合。 用于吸入给 药的制剂含有辅剂, 例如乳糖, 聚氧化乙烯 -9 -十二硅基醚, 甘胆酸盐和脱氧胆酸盐。 含水 和不含水的气雾剂通常被用于通过吸入来传递本发明的化合物。 在通常情况下, 含水气雾剂通过将化合物的含水溶液或悬浮液与常规的药学上可接受的载体 和稳定剂一起配制而成。 载体和稳定剂随着特定化合物的需求而变化, 但是一般包括非离子 助溶剂 (TWeens、 Pluronics 或聚乙二醇), 无毒蛋白质如血清白蛋白, 脱水山梨醇酯, 油酸, 卵磷脂, 氨基酸诸如甘氨酸, 缓冲液, 盐, 糖或糖醇。 气雾剂一般由等渗溶液制备而得, 非 水悬浮液 (例如碳氟推进剂)也可以用于传递本发明的化合物。
含有用于本发明中的化合物的气雾剂传统上通过使用下述物质传递: 吸入器, 雾化器, 加压 包、 或喷雾器和合适的推进剂, 包括但不限于, 加压的二氯二氟甲垸, 三氯氟甲垸, 二氯四 氟乙垸, 氮气, 空气或二氧化碳。 在这些加压气雾剂的情况下, 剂量单位可通过阀门来控制, 以传递特定的剂量 (metered amounts 含有化合物和合适的粉末载体, 诸如乳糖或淀粉, 的混 合物可用凝胶制成吸入器或吹入器中的胶囊和药丸。 使用声波喷雾器 (sonic nebulizers)传递本 发明的气雾剂是可行的, 这是因为喷雾器使得试剂经受最小的剪切力, 因为剪切力会降解化 合物。 对于经鼻给药, 药物制剂和药品可以是喷雾剂, 滴鼻剂或气雾剂, 它们含有合适的溶剂和可 选的其他化合物, 包括但不限于稳定剂, 抗微生物剂, 抗氧化剂, pH调节剂, 助溶剂, 生物 利用度修饰剂和这些化合物的组合。 对于滴鼻剂形式的给药, 化合物可以作为油状溶液或作 为胶体配制。 对于鼻气雾剂给药, 可以使用任何合适的推进剂, 包括压缩空气, 氮气, 二氧 化碳, 或低沸点的碳氢化合物。 本发明化合物用于皮肤 (包括口腔和舌下)或穿皮给药的剂型包括粉末, 喷雾, 膏, 糊, 乳, 洗剂, 胶, 溶液和贴片。 活性组分可以在无菌条件下与药学上可接受的载体和辅剂及与所需 的防腐剂或缓冲液混合。 粉末和喷雾剂可以用辅剂诸如乳糖, 云母, 硅酸, 氢氧化铝, 硅酸 钙和聚酰胺粉末或这些物质的混合物制备。 药膏, 糊剂, 乳剂和胶也可以含有辅剂, 诸如动 物和植物脂肪, 油, 蜡, 石蜡, 淀粉, 黄芪胶, 纤维素衍生物, 聚乙二醇、 硅树脂, 膨润土, 云母、 和氧化锌、 或这些物质的混合物。 穿皮贴剂具有控释本发明中的化合物的优点。 此种剂型可以通过将试剂溶解和分散在合适的 介质中而制备。 也可以加入吸收增强剂来增加本发明化合物对皮肤的渗透。 渗透速度可以通 过速度控制膜来控制或将化合物分散在聚合物基质和胶中来控制。 眼用制剂、 眼膏、 粉末、 溶液和类似物, 也被考虑在本发明的范围内。 本发明的化合物可以 掺入到各种类型的眼用制剂中, 以传递给眼睛 (例如表面、 前眼房内、 或通过植入)。 化合物 通常掺入到表面眼用制剂中, 以传递给眼睛。 化合物可以与眼科可接受的防腐剂, 粘性增强 剂, 渗透增强剂, 缓冲液, 氯化钠和水组合起来, 形成含水的、 无菌眼用悬浮液或溶液。 眼 用溶液制剂可以通过将化合物溶解在生理上可接受的等渗压含水缓冲液中制备而得。 此外, 眼用溶液可以包括眼科上可接受的助溶剂, 以帮助溶解化合物。 此外, 眼用溶液可以含有试 剂, 以增加粘性, 诸如羟甲基纤维素, 羟乙基纤维素, 羟丙甲基纤维素, 甲基纤维素, 聚乙 烯吡咯垸酮或类似物, 以增加制剂在结膜囊中的存留时间。 也可以使用胶凝剂, 包括但不限 于冷胶和黄原胶。 本发明的化合物与防腐剂可混合于合适的载体, 诸如矿物油、 液态羊毛脂 或白矿脂中来制备无菌眼膏制剂。 根据公开的类似的眼科制剂配方, 可以将本发明的化合物 悬浮在亲水剂中制备无菌眼胶制剂, 亲水剂可通过卡巴普 -974或类似物的组合制备而得。 也 可以掺入防腐剂和张力剂。 一次性或持续灌输腱鞘内给药可以将化合物直接输送到脊髓的局部区域, 诸如背角区域, 和 含有 CSF (脑脊液)的蛛网膜下腔。 通过硬膜外注射至蛛网膜外的脊髓区域, 可以达到对脊髓神经区域给药的目的。 使用高渗透 压溶液或加入渗透增强剂可增强化合物对脑膜的渗透性。 这些渗透增强剂包括但不限于脂质 体包封, 表面活化剂或离子配对剂。 除了上述那些代表性的剂型, 药学上可接受的辅剂和载体一般是本领域技术人员所知道的, 因此, 包括在本发明之中。 辅剂和载体在文献中有描述, 例如" Remingtons Pharmaceutical Sciences" Mack Pub Co , New Jersey (1991 )中, 该文献通过参考并入本文。 如下所述, 本发明的制剂也可被设计成短效型的 (short-acting), 快速释放型的 (fast- releasing), 长效型的( long-acting), 持续释放型的 (sustained-releasing)。 因此, 药物制剂也可以配制成可 控释放或缓慢释放形式。 本发明中的制剂也可以包括微胶粒或脂质体或一些其他的分装形式, 或可以以延长释放的形 式给药, 以提供延长的存储和 /或释放效果。 因此, 药物制剂和药剂可以压缩成丸或柱体, 并 作为注射存储物或移植物用于支架肌内或皮下植入, 此种移植物可以用已知的惰性材料诸如 硅树脂和生物可降解聚合物制作。 具体剂量可以根据疾病状况、 年龄、 体重、 一般健康状况、 性别、 患者饮食习惯、 剂量间隔、 给药途径、 排泄速率和药物组合这些因素进行调整。 含有有效量的任何上述剂型完全在常规 实验范围内, 因此完全在本发明的范围内。 在癌症治疗方面, 本发明所描述的化合物可以在本发明所述的方法和制剂中单独使用, 或者 与其他疗法或活性成份及其制剂联合使用。 附加治疗包括手术治疗、放射线治疗、冷冻疗法, 附加药品成份包含抗增殖剂的使用。 联合用药的目的是对大多数癌细胞, 例如癌, 黑色素瘤, 淋巴瘤和肉瘤, 起到细胞毒协同效应, 以及降低或消除耐药细胞的出现和降低每个药物的副 作用。 活性添加剂的具体数量的确定取决于所使用的特定试剂, 癌症类型,严重程度和阶段, 以及本文描述的化合物的剂量和同时给药的其他活性添加剂剂量。 可以与本专利所述的化合 物联合使用的其他附加活性成份在本领域是众所周知的。 一般地讲, 手术和放射线治疗作为潜在的根治疗法主要应用于年龄在 70岁以下的人群, 而这 些人的癌症是局部的且期望至少再活十年。 术语"抗增殖剂"包括预防细胞生长、 成熟或扩散的试剂, 它们可通过毒性直接起作用或通过 对生物机制和生物效应的修改间接地起作用。 目前已有多种抗增殖剂处于临床使用, 临床评 估和临床前开发阶段, 这些化合物都在本专利所述的组合药物治疗癌症的范围内。 典型的抗增殖剂可归类为垸基化物、 铂类药物、 抗代谢物、 拓朴异构酶抑制剂、 抗肿瘤抗生 素、 抗裂剂、 芳香酶抑制药、 胸苷酸合成酶抑制剂、 DNA拮抗剂、 法呢酰基转移酶抑制剂、 泵抑制剂、 组蛋白乙酰转移酶抑制剂、 金属蛋白酶抑制剂、 核苷还原酶抑制剂、 内皮素 A受 体拮抗剂、 维生素 A酸受体激动剂、 免疫调变剂、 荷尔蒙或康荷尔蒙药物、 光动力学试剂、 血管生成抑制剂或酪氨酸激酶抑制剂及类似物。 一些抗增殖剂可通过多种机制或未知的机制 起作用, 因此可以将其纳入不止一个类别。 可与本专利所描述的化合物联合使用的一类抗增殖剂是垸基化药物。 人们认为, 垸基化药物 通过垸基化和交联鸟嘌呤和 DNA 中可能的其他碱性位点来抑制细胞分裂的。 典型的垸基化 药物包括氮芥, 环乙亚胺化合物, 垸基硫酸盐, 顺铂, 以及各种亚硝基脲。 这些化合物的缺 点是他们不仅攻击肿瘤细胞, 同时也攻击其他正常分裂的细胞, 诸如骨髓细胞, 皮肤细胞, 肠道黏膜细胞, 和胎儿组织细胞。 本专利中可能使用的合适的垸基化药物包括但不限于, 白 消安、 甲基苄肼、 异环磷酰胺、 六甲蜜胺、 六甲基三聚氰胺、 磷雌氮芥、 噻替派、 氮芥、 氮 烯唑胺、 链脲霉素、 洛莫司汀、 替莫唑胺、 环磷酰胺、 司莫司汀、 和苯丁酸氮芥。 可与本专利所描述的化合物联合使用的另一类抗增殖剂是铂类药物。 本专利中可能使用的合 适的垸基化药物包括但不限于螺铂、 洛铂 (Aetema;)、 四铂、 沙铂 (Johnson Matthey;)、 奥马铂、 异丙铂、米铂 (Sumitomo)、 nexplatin (AnorMED)、 polymer platinate (Access)、奥沙利铂、卡铂。 可与本专利所描述的化合物联合使用的另一类抗增殖剂是抗代谢类型药物。 抗代谢药物是典 型的可逆或不可逆的酶抑制剂, 或者是通过其他方式干扰核酸的复制,翻译或转录的化合物。 本专利中可能使用的合适的抗代谢药物包括但不限于氮胞啶、 三甲曲沙、 氟尿苷、 脱氧柯福 霉素、 2-氯脱氧腺苷、葡萄糖酸锑、 6-巯基嘌呤、羟基脲、 6-硫代鸟嘌呤、地西台宾 (SuperGen)、 阿糖胞苷、 氯伐拉滨 (Bioenvision)、 2-氟脱氧胞苷、 伊罗夫文 (MGI Pharma)、 甲氨蝶呤、 拓优 得。 乙炔胞啶 CTaih0)、 氟达拉滨、 吉西他滨、 雷替曲塞或卡培他滨。
可与本专利所描述的化合物联合使用的另一类抗增殖剂是拓朴异构酶抑制剂。 本专利中可能 使用的合适的拓朴异构酶抑制剂包括但不限于安吖啶、 甲磺酸依沙替康 (DaiiChi)、 表阿霉素、 舒美特 (ChemGenex)、 依托泊苷、 吉马替康 (Sigma-Tau)、 替尼泊苷、 米托蒽醌、 二氟替康 (Beaufour-Ipscn)^ 7-乙基 -10-羟基喜树碱、 右丙亚胺 (TopoTarget)、 依沙芦星 (Spectrum)、 匹杉 3¾(ΝΟλ uspharma) edotecarin (Merck & Co)、 becatecarin (Exelixis)、 karenitecin (BioNumerik)、 BBR-3576 (Novuspharma)^ 贝洛替康 (Chong Kun Dang)、鲁比特康 (SupeiGen)、伊立替康 (CPT- 1 1)、 或拓扑替康。 可与本专利联合使用的另一类抗增殖剂是抗生素类抗增殖剂。 本专利中可能使用的合适的抗 生素类抗增殖剂包括但不限于达托霉素 (放线菌素 D)、 azonafide, 戊柔比星、 蒽吡唑、 柔红霉 素 (柔红霉素)、 四唑硫蒽酮、 therarubici 洛索蒽醌、 去甲氧柔红霉素、 博来霉素、 柔红霉素 苯腙、 沙柔比星 CMenarini))、 光神霉素、 1,3-脱氧阿霉素盐酸盐 (Gem Pharmaceuticals), 紫菜 霉素、 表阿霉素、 米托蒽醌 (诺肖林)或氨萘非特。 可与本专利联合使用的另一类抗增殖剂是抗有丝分裂类药物。 本专利中可能使用的合适的抗 有丝分裂类药物包括但不限于秋水仙碱、 ABT-751 (Abbott)、 长春碱、 xyotax (Cell Therapeutics)、 去乙酰长春酰胺、 IDN 5109 (Bayer)、 海兔毒素 10(NCI)、 A 105972 (Abbott)、 根霉素、 A 204197 (Abbott)、米伏布林 (Warner-Lambert)、synthadotin (BASF)、西马多丁 (BASF)、 吲地布林 (AS I A.Mcdica)、 RPR 10988 IA ( Avcntis)、 IXD 258 (Avcntis)、 考布他汀 A4 (BMS)、 埃博霉素 B (Novartis)、 isohomohalichondrin-B (PharmaMar)、 T 900607 (Tularik)、 ZD 6126 (AstraZeneca)、 巴他布林 (Tulank)、 cryptophycin 52 (Eh Lilly)、 长春氟宁 (Fabre)、 hydravin (Prescient NeuroPharma)^ auristatin PE (Teikoku Hormone)、 氮杂埃坡霉素 B (BMS)、 伊沙匹隆 (BMS)、tavocept (BioNumenk)、BMS 184476 (BMS)、考布他丁 A-4 磷酸二钠盐 (OXiGENE)、 BMS 188797 (BMS)、 多拉司他汀 -10(NIH)、 taxoprexin (Protarga)、 cantuzumab mertansine (GlaxoSmithKlinc), 多烯紫杉醇、 长春新碱。 可与本专利联合使用的另一类抗增殖剂是芳香酶抑制剂。 本专利中可能使用的合适的芳香酶 抑制剂包括但不限于氨鲁米特、 阿他美坦 (BioMedicines) 福美坦、 法倔唑、 来曲唑、 依西美 坦或阿那曲唑。 可与本专利联合使用的另一类抗增殖剂是胸苷酸合成酶抑制剂。 本专利中可能使用的合适的 胸苷酸合成酶抑制剂包括但不限于培美曲塞 (Eh Lilly)、 诺拉曲塞 (Eximias)、 ZD-9331 (BTG)、 去氧氟尿苷 (Nippon Roche)或 5,10-亚甲基四氢叶酸 (BioKeys)。 可与本专利联合使用的另一类抗增殖剂是 DNA拮抗剂。本专利中可能使用的合适的 DNA拮 抗剂包括但不限于 trabectedin (PharmaMar)、 依度曲肽(Novartis)、 葡磷酰胺 (; Baxter International)、 马磷酉先胺 (Baxter International)、 apaziquone (Spectrum Pharmaceuticals)、 或 thymectacin (NewBiotics)。 可与本专利联合使用的另一类抗增殖剂是法呢酰基转移酶抑制剂。 本专利中可能使用的合适 的法呢酰基转移酶抑制剂包括但不限于 arglabin (NuOncology Labs), 替吡法尼 (Johnson & Johnson) ^ 洛那法尼 (Schcring-Plough)、 紫苏子醇 (DOR BioPharma)、 或索拉非尼 (Bayer)。 可与本专利联合使用的另一类抗增殖剂是泵抑制剂。 本专利中可能使用的合适的泵抑制剂包 括但不限于 zosuquidar trihydrochloride (Eli Lilly)、 tariquidar (Xenova)、 biricodar dicitrate (Vertex)、 或 MS-209 (Schering AG)。
可与本专利联合使用的另一类抗增殖剂是组蛋白乙酰转移酶抑制剂。 本专利中可能使用的合 适的组蛋白乙酰转移酶抑制剂包括但不限于泰克地那林 (Pfizer;)、 pivaloyloxymethyl butyrate (Titan)、 AP-CANC-03 禾卩 AP-CANC-04 (Aton Pharma)、 缩酚酸肽 (Fujisawa)、 或 MS-275 (Schering AG)。
可与本专利联合使用的另一类抗增殖剂是金属蛋白酶抑制剂。 本专利中可能使用的合适的金 属蛋白酶抑制剂包括但不限于新伐司他 (Aeterna Laboratories)、 metastat (CollaGcncx)^ 或马 立马司他 (British Biotech)。 可与本专利联合使用的另一类抗增殖剂是核苷还原酶抑制剂。 本专利中可能使用的合适的核 苷还原酶抑制剂包括但不限于镓麦芽酚 (Titan)、 tezacitabine (Aventis)、 triapine (Vion),或 didox (Molecules for Health)。 可与本专利联合使用的另一类抗增殖剂是内皮缩血管肽 A受体拮抗剂。 本专利中可能使用的 合适的内皮缩血管肽 A受体拮抗剂包括但不限于阿曲生坦 (Abbott)、波生坦 (R0Che)、 安博森 坦(BASF)、 司他生坦(Encysive)、 克拉生坦(Roche)、 达卢生坦(Knoll)、 and ZD-4054 (AstraZeneca)。 可与本专利联合使用的另一类抗增殖剂是维甲酸受体激动剂。 维甲酸受体激动剂包括天然的 视黄醇 (维生素 A)和人工合成的类似物, 类维生素 A与一个或多个维甲酸受体结合, 从而启 动不同进程, 诸如复制、 骨形成的发展, 细胞增殖和分化, 凋亡, 造血, 免疫功能和幻觉。 类维生素 A是维持几乎所有细胞的正常分化和增殖所必需的, 在多种体内外癌实验模型中显 示其具有反转 /抑制癌变的作用,参见 (Moon et al., Ch. 14 Retinoids and cancer. In The Retinoids, Vol. 2. Academic Press, Inc. 1984)。 本专利中可能使用的合适的维甲酸受体激动剂包括但不限 于可以与本发明联合应用的维甲酸受体激活剂包括但不限于芬维 A胺 (Johnson & Johnson)、 阿利维 A酸 (Ligand)、 他佐罗汀 (Allergan)、 tretinoin (Roche)、 异维甲酸 (Roche)、 13-顺视黄酸 (UCSD)、 或 LGD- 1550 (Ligand)。 可与本专利联合使用的另一类抗增殖剂是免疫调节剂。 本专利中可能使用的合适的免疫调节 剂包括但不限于另一种可与本发明结合使用的抗增殖剂是免疫调节剂, 其包括但不限于干扰 素、 干扰素 Alfa-2a (Roche)、 dexosome therapy (Anosys)、 oncophage (Antigenics)、 pentrix (Australian Cancer Technology)、 GMK疫苗 (; Progenies)、 CD1 54 细胞疗法 (Tragen)、 腺癌疫 苗 (Biomira)、 transvax (Intercell)、 勒党喊 (AVI BioPharma)、 norelin (Biostar)、 IRX-2(lmmuno-Rx)、 BLP-25脂质体疫苗 (Biomira)、 PEP-005 (Peplin Biotech) ^ 多神经节苷脂 疫苗 (Progenies)、 synchrovax vaccine (CTL Immuno)、 β-alethine (Dovetail)、 黑瘤疫苗 (CTL Immuno)、 vasocare (Vasogen)、 禾 妥昔单抗 (Genentech/Biogen Idec)、 或 21 RAS 疫苗 (GemVax)o 可与本专利联合使用的另一类抗增殖剂是光动力学试剂。 本专利中可能使用的合适的光动力 学试剂包括但不限于雌激素、 地塞米松、 共轭雌激素、 强的松、 乙炔雌二醇、 甲强龙、 氯烯 雌醚、 泼尼松龙、 双烯雌酚、 氨鲁米特、 己酸孕酮、 丙瑞林、 甲孕酮、 奥曲肽、 睾丸激素、 mitotane, 丙酸睾丸酮、 氟羚甲基睾丸素、 甲基睾丸素、 2-甲氧基雌二醇 (EntreMed)、 己烯雌 酚、 阿佐昔芬 (Eli Lilly), 甲地孕酮、 它莫西芬、 比卡鲁胺、 托瑞米芬、 氟他胺、 戈舍瑞林、 尼鲁米特、 或亮丙瑞林。 可与本专利联合使用的另一类抗增殖剂是荷尔蒙药物。 本专利中可能使用的合适的荷尔蒙药 物包括但不限于他拉泊芬 (Light Sciences)、 Pd-bacteriopheophorbide (Yeda)、 theralux (Theratechnologies)、 镥化合物 (Pharmacyclics)、 莫特沙芬、 礼 (Pharmacyclics)、 或金丝桃素。 可与本专利联合使用的另一类抗增殖剂是血管再生抑制剂。 本专利中可能使用的合适的血管 再生抑制剂包括但不限于新伐司他 (AEtema Zentaris)、 ATN-224 (Attenuon),索拉非尼 (Bayer)、 镇静剂、 贝伐单抗 (Genentech)、兰尼单抗 (Genentech)、氟草胺 (Lane Labs)、 L-651582 (Merck & Co)、 瓦他拉尼碱 (Novartis)、 或索坦 (Pfizer). 可与本专利联合使用的另一类抗增殖剂是酪氨酸激酶抑制剂。 本专利中可能使用的合适的酪 氨酸激酶抑制剂包括但不限于伊马替尼 (Novartis)、来氟米特 (Aventis)、kahalide F (PharmaMar) 易瑞沙 (AstraZeneca)、来他替尼 (Cephalon)、埃罗替尼 (Oncogene Science)、卡奈替尼 (Pfizer)、 坦度替尼 (Millenium)、角鲨胺 (Genaera)、米哚妥林 (Novartis)、苯妥帝尔、 SLJ6668 (Pharmacia), 西妥昔单抗 (ImClone)、 贝伐单抗 (Genentech)、 ZD6474 (AstraZeneca)、 MDX-H210 (Mcdarcx)、 瓦他拉尼 (Novartis)、 奥密塔克 (Genentech)、 lapatimb (GlaxoSmithKline)、 帕尼单抗 (Abgenix)、 IMC-I C1 1 (ImClone)、 索拉非尼 (Bayer) 或曲妥单抗 (Genentech)。 另外可与本发明联合使用的抗增殖剂有美法仑、 卡莫司汀、 顺铂、 5-氟脲嘧啶、 丝裂霉素^ 阿霉素 (doxorubicin)。 以上文字对本发明进行了概括性地描述, 为更容易理解本发明, 下述实施例仅为示范, 不应 被理解为限制本发明的范围。 示例: 下述关于化学术语的缩写被运用于整个专利申请中: mL: 毫升
DMSO: 二甲基亚砜 m-CPBA: 间氯过氧苯甲酸 TLC: 薄层色谱法 GI 50: 半数抑制浓度 化合物使用自动命名软件 Autonom 2000(MDL Information Systems, San Leandro, CA), 或 Chemdraw Ultra(CambridgeSoft, Cambridge, MA)提供的自动命名工具命名,上述命名软件根据 IUPAC规则以及立体化学受 Cahn-lngold- Prelog规则支持对化学结构生成系统名称。 具体实施方式
下面通过部分实例来具体说明本发明的式 1-1化合物的制备方法,这些实例仅对本发明进 行说明, 而不是对本发明进行限制。
实施例 1: 多取代吡啶并硫氮七元环衍生物的合成 实验路线:
Figure imgf000026_0001
硝基苯硫基吡啶衍生物 2的合成:
Figure imgf000027_0001
与 100 mL单口烧瓶中加入 40 mL无水乙醇, 钠 (0.92 g, 40 mmol), 磁力搅拌, 待钠反 应完后, 冰水浴冷却, 加入苯硫酚 (40 mmol), 待其溶解后, 分批加入氯代硝基吡啶 1 (40 mmol), 加完后反应 20分钟, 抽滤, 水洗涤, 晾干, 得产物 2。
2-(4-甲氧基苯硫基 )-3-硝基吡啶 2.1: mp: 140-142。C; 98%; 1H NMR (CDC13) δ 8.52-8.47 (m, 2Η), 7.47 (d, J= 9.0, 2H), 7.19-7.14 (m, 1H), 6.98 (d, J= 9.0, 2H), 3.86 (s, 3H); ES-MS w/z 263.0
[M + H+]。
2-(3-甲氧基苯硫基 )-3-硝基吡啶 2.2: mp: 84-85。C; 94%; 1H NM (CDCI3) δ 8.66-8.39 (m, 2H), 7.41 (q, J= 7.5, 1H), 7.18 (dd, J = 7.6, 7.2, 1H), 7.14-7.00 (m, 1H), 6.82 (q, J= 1.5, 1H), 6.78-6.64 (m, 1H), 3.92-3.85 (m, 3H); ES-MS m/z 263.0 [M + H+]。
2-(2-甲氧基苯硫基 )-3-硝基吡啶 2.3: mp: 85-86 °C; 94%; ES-MS w/z 263.3 [M + H+]。
2-(4-甲基苯硫基) -3-硝基吡啶 2.4: mp: 92-94。C; 96%; 1H NM (CDC13) δ 8.51-8.47 (m, 2H),
7.43 (d, J= 7.8, 2H), 7.26 (d, J= 7.8, 2H), 7.18-7.14 (m, 1H), 2.42 (s, 3H); ES-MS m/z 247.0 [M +
H+]。
2-苯硫 -3-硝基吡啶 2.5: mp: 105-106。C; 98%; 1H NMR (CDC13) δ 8.49 (m, 2H), 7.57-7.54 (m, 2H), 7.47-7.45 (m, 3H), 7.20-7.15 (m, 1H); ES-MS m/z 232.9 [M + H+]。
2-(4-氟苯硫基) -3-硝基吡啶 2.6: mp: 79-80 °C; 80%; 1H NMR (CDC13) δ 8.67-8.39 (m, 1H), 7.46-7.37 (m, 1H), 7.24-7.13 (m, 1H); ES-MS w/z 251.0 [M + H+]。
2- (4-氯苯硫基) -3-硝基吡啶 2.7: mp: 124-126 °C; 82%; 1H NMR (CDC13) δ 8.53-8.50 (m, 2H), 7.49 (d, J= 8.7, 2H), 7.43 (d, J= 8.7, 2H), 7.21 (dd, J= 8.1, 4.8, 1H); ES-MS m/z 267.0 [M + H+]。
3-硝基 -4-(4-甲基苯硫基)吡啶 2.8: mp: 109-111 °C; 95%; 1H NMR (CDC13) δ 9.34 (s, 1H), 8.34 (d, J = 5.4, 1H), 7.46 (d, J = 8.1, 2H), 7.35 (d, J = 8.1, 2H), 6.70 (d, J = 6.0, 1H), 2.46 (s, 3H); ES-MS m/z 247.0 [M + H+]。
3-硝基 -4-苯硫基吡啶 2.9: 92%; ES-MS m/z 233.0 [M + H+]。
氨基苯硫基吡啶衍生物 3的合成:
Figure imgf000027_0002
与 250 mL三口烧瓶中加入 120 mL乙醇, 30 mL水, 硝基苯硫基吡啶 2 ( 35 mmol) , 还 原铁粉 (5.9 g, 105 mmol) , 氯化铵 (1.87 g, 35 mmol) , N2保护, 机械搅拌加热回流, 反 应 1 小时后, 垫硅藻土抽滤, 甲醇洗涤, 蒸干甲醇及乙醇, 加饱和 NaCl溶液 80 mL, 乙酸乙 酯萃取 G x 40 mL) , 无水 Na2S04干燥, 蒸干溶剂石油醚 /乙酸乙酯重结晶得目标产物 3。
2-(4-甲氧基苯硫基 )-3-氨基吡啶 3.1: mp: 92-94 °C; 84%; 1H NMR (CDC13) δ 7.96 (dd, J= 4.2, 1.5, 1H), 7.35 (d, J= 6.9, 2H), 6.99-6.93 (m, 2H), 6.85(d, J= 6.9, 2H), 4.15 (br, 2H), 3.78 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CDC13) δ 159.19, 142.80, 141.19, 140.02, 133.09, 123.37, 123.20, 121.63, 114.73, 55.21; ES-MS w/z 233.0 [M + H+]。
2-(3-甲氧基苯硫基 )-3-氨基吡啶 3.2: mp: 117-118 。C; 92%; 1H NMR δ 7.84-7.60 (m, 1H), 7.24-7.05 (m, 2H), 7.00 (q, J = 7.4, 1H), 6.97-6.78 (m, 1H), 6.78-6.71 (m, 2H), 3.88-3.81 (m, 3H), 3.31-3.24 (m, 2H); ES-MS w/z 233.0 [M + H+]。
2-(2-甲氧基苯硫基 )-3-氨基吡啶 3.3: mp: 87-88 °C; 91%; ES-MS w/z 233.0 [M + H+]。
2-(4-甲基苯硫基) -3-氨基吡啶 3.4: mp: 94-96。C; 96%; 1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 7.99 (dd, J= 4.2, 1.5, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 8.1, 2H), 7.08 (d, J = 8.1, 2H), 7.05-6.95 (m, 2H), 4.18 (br, 2H), 2.30 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CDCI3) δ 143.58, 140.11, 136.86, 130.14, 129.85, 123.76, 121.84, 21.00; ES-MS w/z 217.0
[M + H+]。
2-苯硫 -3-氨基吡啶 3.5: mp: 68-69。C; 92%; 1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 8.04-8.02 (m, 1 H), 7.30-7.18(m, 5H), 7.10-7.06 (m, 1 H), 7.03-7.00 (m, 1H); 13C NMR (CDCI3) δ 144.17, 140.28, 138.94, 134.04, 129.27, 129.06, 126.60, 124.24, 122.01; ES-MS m/z 203.0 [M + H+]。
2-(4-氟苯硫基) -3-氨基吡啶 3.6: mp: 83-84。C; 69%; 1H NMR δ 7.83-7.59 (m, 1H), 7.43-7.36 (m, 3H), 7.23-7.13 (m, 3H), 7.03-6.98 (m, 1H), 6.98-6.74 (m, 2H), 3.30-3.24 (m, 3H); ES-MS w/z 221.0
[M + H+]。
2- (4-氯苯硫基) -3-氨基吡啶 3.7: mp: 88-100 °C; 74%; 1H NMR (CDC13) δ 8.04 (d, J= 4.5, 1H), 7.26 (d, J= 8.5, 2H), 7.23 (d, J= 8.5, 2H), 7.11 (dd, J= 8.0, 4.5, 1H), 7.04 (d, J= 8.0, 1H), 4.23 (br, 2H); 13C NMR (CDCI3) δ 144.00, 140.29, 132.63, 132.46, 130.71, 129.30, 129.14, 124.33, 122.10; ES-MS m/z 237.0 [M + H+]。
3-氨基 -4-(4-甲基苯硫基)吡啶 3.8: mp: 50-52。C; 95%; 1H NMR (CDC13) δ 8.06 (s, 1H), 7.88 (d, J = 4.8, 1H), 7.24 (d, J = 7.8, 2H), 7.15 (d, J = 7.8, 2H), 4.08 (br, 2H), 2.35 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CDCI3) δ 139.74, 138.19, 137.10, 131.40, 130.31, 128.53, 128.02, 125.47, 21.06; ES-MS w/z 217.0
[M + H+]。
3-氨基 -4-苯硫基吡啶 3.9: 86%; ES-MS m/z 203.1 [M + H+]。
吡啶并 [2,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草 4的合成:
Figure imgf000028_0001
于 25 mL单口烧瓶中加入 4 mL P0C13,磁力搅拌,依次加入氨基苯硫基吡啶 3 (2 mmol), 7C02H ( 1.5 mmol) , 无水 SnCl4 (2 mmol) , 接干燥管, 加热回流, TLC监测反应完后, 冷至室温, 将反应液倒入冰水中, 乙酸乙酯萃取(3 x 20 mL) , 用 2 mol/L NaOH溶液洗涤两 次, (或将反应液到入冰水中, 5mol/LNaOH溶液调 PH值为 8-9, 乙酸乙酯萃取) , 加饱和 NaCl溶液洗涤, 无水 Na2S04干燥, 柱层析 (石油醚 /乙酸乙酯 = 10/1-5/1) , 再经石油醚 /乙 酸乙酯 (5/1, v/v) 重结晶, 得目标产物 4。
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-甲氧基吡啶并 [2,3-6】[1,4】苯并硫氮草 4.1: mp: 173-175 °C; 23%; 1H NM (CDC13) δ 8.25 (dd,J=4.5, 1.0, IH), 7.73 (d,J= 8.1, 2H), 7.60 (dd,J=7.5, 0.9, IH), 7.56 (d,J = 9.0, IH), 7.26-7.23 (m, 3H), 6.99 (dd,J= 7.5, 2.4, IH), 6.75 (d, J= 2.4, IH), 3.70 (s, 3H), 2.43 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CDCI3) δ 169.08, 159.13, 148.11, 146.00, 144.80, 141.56, 137.84, 136.80, 134.20, 132.91, 129.90, 129.81, 129.00, 123.66, 117.35, 115.43,55.47,21.46; ES-MS w/z 333.0 [M + H+]。
6-(3-甲基苯基) -8-甲氧基吡啶并 [2,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草 4.2: mp: 144-146 °C; 25%; 1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 8.27 (dd,J= 4.8, 1.5, IH), 7.71 (s, IH), 7.63 (dd, J= 7.8, 0.9, IH), 7.58-7.55 (m, 2H), 7.33-7.23 (m, 2H), 7.25 (dd, J= 7.8, 4.8, IH), 7.00 (dd,J= 8.4, 3.0, IH), 6.75 (d, J= 3.0, IH), 3.70 (s, 3H), 2.42 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CDCI3) δ 169.49, 159.16, 148.08, 146.14, 144.70, 139.55, 138.05, 137.91, 134.20, 132.97, 131.91, 130.04, 129.87, 128.13, 127.29, 123.67, 117.34, 115.48, 55.50, 21.41; ES-MSw/z 333.0 [M + H+]。
6-苯基 -8-甲氧基吡啶并 [2,3-6】[l,4】苯并硫氮草 4.3: mp: 144-145 °C; 38%; 1HNM (CDCI3) δ 8.27 (d,J=4.5, IH), 7.84 (d, J= 7.5, 2H), 7.62 (d,J= 8.1, IH), 7.57 (d, J= 8.4, IH), 7.51 (t, J = 7.2, IH), 7.45 (t, J= 7.5, 2H), 7.27-7.24 (m, IH), 7.00 (dd,J= 8.4, 2.4, IH), 6.75 (d,J= 2.4, IH), 3.70 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CDC13) δ 169.52, 159.44, 148.30, 146.47, 144.95, 139.79, 138.04, 134.51, 133.25, 131.38, 130.19, 130.07, 128.54, 123.96, 117.66, 115.75, 55.75; ES-MS m/z 319.0 [M + H+]; Anal. Calcd for C19H14N2OS: C, 71.67; H, 4.43; N, 8.80; Found: C, 71.65; H, 4.30; N, 8.69。
6-(4-氟苯基 )-8-甲氧基吡啶并 [2,3-6】[1,4】苯并硫氮草4.4:!^: 179-181。C;52%; 1HNM (CDC13) δ 8.28 (dd, J= 4.8, 1.5, IH), 7.89-7.84 (m, 4H), 7.61 (dd,J= 7.5, 1.5, IH), 7.58 (d, J= 8.7, IH), 7.27 (dd,J= 8.1, 4.8, IH), 7.14 (t, J= 8.7, 2H), 7.01 (dd, J= 8.7, 3.0, IH), 6.73 (d, J= 3.0, IH), 3.72 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CDC13) δ 167.92, 164.61 (d,J= 251.78), 159.22, 147.93, 146.28, 144.55, 137.47, 135.65, 134.36, 132.94, 131.93 (d,J= 9.15), 129.88, 123.70, 117.42, 115.37, 115.32 (d,J = 21.75), 55.47; ES-MS m/z 337.0 [M + H+]。
6-(4-硝基苯基) -8-甲氧基吡啶并 [2,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草 4.5: mp: 198-200 °C; 67%; 1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 8.34 (dd, J= 4.5, 1.5, IH), 8.30 (d, J= 9.0, 2H), 8.03 (d, J= 9.0, 2H), 7.66 (dd, J= 8.1, 1.5, IH), 7.59 (d,J= 8.5, IH), 7.30 (dd,J= 8.1, 3.0, IH), 7.04 (dd,J= 8.4, 3.0, IH), 6.66 (d, J = 3.0, IH), 3.72 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CDC13) δ 167.43, 159.67, 149.43, 147.88, 147.40, 145.35, 144.48, 137.19, 134.93, 133.64, 130.95, 130.28, 124.17, 123.71, 118.03, 115.44, 55.82; ES-MS m/z 364.0 [M + H+]。
6-(4-甲基苯基) -9-甲氧基吡啶并 [2,3-6】[l,4】苯并硫氮草 4.6: mp: 173-175 °C; 70%; 1HNM (CDCI3) δ 8.37-8.12 (m, IH), 7.90-7.66 (m, 2H), 7.67 (s, IH), 7.67-7.36 (m, 2H), 7.36-7.31 (m, 2H), 7.18 (q,J= 7.5, IH), 6.95-6.71 (m, IH), 3.92-3.85 (m, 3H), 2.50-2.43 (m, 3H); MS (ESI): m/z 333.0 [M + H+]。
6-(4-甲基苯基) -10-甲氧基吡啶并 [2,3-6】[l,4】苯并硫氮草 4.7: mp: 187-188 °C; 60%; 1HNM (CDCI3) δ 8.24 (s, IH), 7.85-7.71 (m, 2H), 7.66 (s, IH), 7.45-7.30 (m, 2H), 7.20 (d, 2H), 7.12 (s, IH), 6.91 (s, IH), 3.87 (s, 3H), 2.47 (s, 3H); ES-MS m/z 333.4 [M + H+]。 6-(4-甲氧基苯基) -8-甲基吡啶并 [2,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草 4.8: mp: 179-181 °C; 76%; 1H NMR (CDC13) δ 8.24 (dd, J = 4.2, 1.5, 1H), 7.78 (d, J = 9.0, 2H), 7.58 (dd, J = 7.8, 1.5, 1H), 7.54 (d, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.25-7.21 (m, 2H), 7.06 (s, 1H), 6.95 (d, J= 9.0, 2H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 2.28 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CDCI3) δ 168.83, 161.95, 147.76, 145.71, 144.88, 137.85, 136.52, 135.39, 132.77, 132.31, 132.19, 131.46, 130.65, 123.57, 113.49, 55.28, 20.96; ES-MS w/z 333.0 [M + H+]。
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-甲基吡啶并 [2,3-6】[l,4】苯并硫氮草 4.9: mp: 184-186。C; 87%; 1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 8.26 (dd, J = 4.5, 1.5, 1H), 7.70 (d, J = 8.4, 2H), 7.63 (dd, J = 8.1, 1.5, 1H), 7.27-7.22 (m, 4H), 7.05 (s, 1H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 2.27 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CDCI3) δ 169.58, 147.83, 146.00, 144.81, 141.41,
137.91, 137.13, 136.66, 135.50, 132.91, 132.80, 132.28, 130.69, 129.78, 128.92, 123.63, 21.43, 20.99; ES-MS w/z 317.0 [M + H+]。
6-苯基 -8-甲基吡啶并 [2,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草 4.10: mp: 132-134。C; 84%; 1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 8.28 (dd, J= 4.8, 1.8, 1H), 7.83-7.79 (m, 2H), 7.62 (dd, J= 7.8, 1.8, 1H), 7.54 (d, J= 8.1, 1H), 7.52-7.42 (m, 3H), 7.29-7.23 (m, 2H), 7.04 (d, J= 1.5, 1H), 2.28 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CDCI3) δ 169.72, 147.71,
146.17, 144.66, 139.82, 137.99, 136.57, 135.50, 132.97, 132.82, 132.37, 130.92, 130.63, 129.75,
128.18, 123.64, 20.97; ES-MS m/z 303.0 [M + H+] ; Anal. Calcd for C19H14N2S: C, 75.47; H, 4.67; N, 9.26; Found: C, 75.44; H, 4.88; N, 9.01。
6-(4-氟苯基 )-8-甲基吡啶并 [2,3-6】[1,4】苯并硫氮草4.11: !^: 175-177。C; 88%; 1H NM (CDC13) δ 8.28 (dd, J = 4.8, 1.8, 1H), 7.85-7.80 (m, 2H), 7.60 (dd, J = 7.8, 1.8, 1H), 7.55 (d, J = 8.1, 1H), 7.29-7.23 (m, 2H), 7.13 (t, J = 8.4, 2H), 7.02 (s, 1H), 2.28 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CDC13) δ 168.45, 164.52 (d, J= 250.73), 147.57, 146.14, 144.60, 138.11, 136.31, 135.94 (d, J = 3.45), 135.49, 132.94, 132.53, 131.87 (d, J = 9.15), 130.48, 123.70, 115.23 (d, J = 21.75), 20.96; ES-MS w/z 321.0 [M + H+] ; Anal. Calcd for C19H13FN2S: C, 71.23; H, 4.09; N, 8.74; Found: C, 71.39; H, 3.97; N, 8.77。
6-(3-硝基苯基)-8-甲基吡啶并[2,3-1>】[1,4】苯并硫氮草4.12: mp: 208-211 。C; 92%; 1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 8.72 (s, 1H), 8.37-8.33 (m, 2H), 8.11 (d, J = 7.5, 1H), 7.68 (dd, J = 8.0, 1.5, 1H), 7.64 (t, J= 8.0, 1H), 7.58 (d, J= 8.0, 1H), 7.34-7.30 (m, 2H), 6.99 (s, 1H), 2.29 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CDC13) δ 167.65, 148.62, 147.64, 147.24, 144.53, 141.79, 138.88, 135.99, 135.92, 135.79, 133.69, 133.63, 133.44, 130.36, 129.60, 125.65, 124.68, 124.22, 21.36; ES-MS m/z 348.0 [M + H+]。
6- (呋喃 -2-基) -8-甲基吡啶并 [2,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草 4.13: mp: 156-158。C; 41%; 1H NM (CDC13) δ 8.26 (dd, J = 4.2, 1.5, 1H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.65 (dd, J = 8.4, 1.5, 1H), 7.53 (d, J = 8.4, 1H), 7.34 (s, 1H), 7.30-7.22 (m, 2H), 6.78 (d, J = 3.3, 1H), 6.57 (dd, J = 3.3, 1.8, 1H), 2.35 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CDCI3) δ 158.72, 152.70, 147.62, 146.31, 146.23, 144.55, 138.16, 135.78, 134.86, 133.43, 132.89, 132.65, 130.27, 123.83, 118.54, 112.20, 21.08; ES-MS w/z 293.1 [M + H+]。
6-(4-甲氧基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草 4.14: mp: 148-150。C; 75%; 1H NM (CDCI3) δ 8.26 (dd, J= 4.8, 1.8, 1H), 7.77 (d, J= 8.7, 2H), 7.67 (dd, J = 8.7, 0.6, 1H), 7.61 (dd, J = 8.4, 1.5, 1H), 7.46 (td, J = 7.5, 1.8, 1H), 7.32 (td, J= 7.8, 1.2, 1H), 7.28-7.23 (m, 2H), 6.95 (d, J = 8.7, 2H), 3.88 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CDC13) δ 168.80, 162.06, 147.47, 145.94, 144.87, 138.75, 136.77, 133.01,
132.92, 132.31, 131.53, 131.33, 130.36, 127.73, 123.73, 113.55, 55.37; ES-MS m/z 319.0 [M + H+l。 (HD D)
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M8S.0/ZT0ZN3/X3d 9CZC9l/ZT0Z OAV J = 8.1, 1.8, 1H), 7.54 (dd, J = 7.2, 1.8, 1H), 7.42-7.30 (m, 3H), 7.22 (dd, J = 7.8, 1.5, 1H); 13C NM (CDC13) δ 165.97, 156.78 (d, J = 269.03), 147.25, 147.03, 144.05, 139.13, 136.65 (d, J = 4.58), 136.40, 136.26, 135.38, 133.65, 133.35, 132.33, 129.59, 128.33, 127.34, 124.02, 118.38 (d, J = 20.63); ES-MS m/z 352.0 [M + H+]。
6- (呋喃 -2-基)吡啶并 [2,3-6】[l,4】苯并硫氮草 4.24: mp: 159-161。C; 45%; 1H NM (CDCI3) δ 8.28 (dd, J = 4.5, 1.5, 1H), 7.72-7.65 (m, 3H), 7.55 (dd, J = 7.8, 1.5, 1H), 7.49 (td, J = 7.5, 1.5, 1H), 7.41-7.36 (m, 1H), 7.29-7.25 (m, 1H), 6.76 (d, J = 3.3, 1H), 6.57 (dd, J = 3.6, 1.8, 1H); 13C NMR (CDCI3) δ 158.69, 152.72, 147.33, 146.40, 144.55, 139.15, 135.07, 133.52, 133.11, 131.79, 129.87, 127.96, 123.95, 118.59, 112.24; ES-MS w/z 279.0 [M + H+]。
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-氟吡啶并 [4,3-6】[l,4】苯并硫氮草 4.25: mp: 145-146。C; 31%; ES-MS w/z 321.4
[M + H+]。
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-氯吡啶并 [2,3-6】[1,4】苯并硫氮草4.26: 1^: 175-176。C; 41%; 1H NM (CDCI3) δ 8.28 (dd, J = 4.2, 1.5, 1H), 7.69 (d, J = 7.8, 2H), 7.64-7.58 (m, 2H), 7.42 (dd, J = 8.4, 2.1, 1H), 7.30-7.27 (m, 3H), 7.23 (d, J= 2.7, 1H), 2.44 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CDCI3) δ 168.10, 146.99, 146.44, 141.94, 138.11, 137.20, 136.48, 134.23, 134.16, 133.14, 131.49, 130.04, 129.73, 129.18, 123.99, 21.48; ES-MS w/z 336.9 [M + H+]。
6-苯基 -8-氯吡啶并 [2,3-6】[l,4】苯并硫氮草 4.27: mp: 137-139 °C; 63%; 1H NM (CDC13) δ 8.30 (dd, J = 4.5, 1.5, 1H), 7.80 (d, J = 6.9, 2H), 7.66-7.60 (s, 2H), 7.54-7.42 (m, 4H), 7.30 (dd, J = 8.1 , 4.8, 1H), 7.23 (d, J= 2.4, 1H); 13C NMR (CDC13) δ 168.54, 147.16, 146.91, 144.78, 139.42, 138.27, 137.48, 134.54, 134.49, 133.47, 131.86, 131.64, 130.25, 129.99, 128.72, 124.30; ES-MS m/z 322.9
[M + H+]。
6-(3-甲基苯基) -8-氯吡啶并 [2,3-6】[1,4】苯并硫氮草4.28: 1^: 141-142。C; 40%; 1H NM (CDC13) δ 8.29 (dd, J= 4.2, 1.5, 1H), 7.66-7.59 (m, 3 H), 7.52-7.49 (m, 1H), 7.43 (dd, J= 8.4, 2.1, 1H), 7.35 (d, J= 4.5, 2H), 7.30-7.28 (m, 1H), 7.22 (d, J= 2.1, 1H), 2.43 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CDC13) δ 168.50, 146.92, 146.58, 144.51, 139.18, 138.26, 138.13, 137.10, 134.20, 134.17, 133.17, 132.19, 131.55, 129.98, 129.95, 128.30, 127.18, 124.01, 21.41; ES-MS w/z 336.9 [M + H+]。
6-(3-硝基苯基) -8-氯吡啶并 [2,3-6】[1,4】苯并硫氮草4.29: 1^: 221-223。C; 75%; 1H NM (CDC13) δ 8.75 (s, 1H), 8.41-8.36 (m, 2H), 8.07 (d, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.72-7.64 (m, 3H), 7.50 (dd, J = 7.8, 1.8, 1H), 7.36 (dd, J= 7.8, 4.5, 1H), 7.19 (d, J= 2.1, 1H); 13C NMR (CDC13) δ 165.75, 148.41, 147.42, 147.35, 146.48, 143.93, 140.75, 137.35, 136.95, 135.32, 134.69, 134.62, 133.47, 132.24, 129.50, 129.32, 125.64, 124.19; ES-MS w/z 367.9 [M + H+]。
6-(4-硝基苯基) -8-氯吡啶并 [2,3-6】[1,4】苯并硫氮草4.30: 1^: 141-143。C; 77%; 1H NM (CDCI3) δ 8.37 (dd, J = 4.8, 1.5, 1H), 8.32 (d, J = 9.0, 2H), 7.99 (d, J= 9.0, 2H), 7.69 (dd, J = 8.1, 1.8, 1H), 7.64 (d, J = 8.4, 1H), 7.49 (dd, J = 8.4, 2.4, 1H), 7.35 (dd, J = 8.1, 4.8, 1H), 7.16 (d, J = 2.4, 1H); 13C NMR (CDCI3) δ 166.19, 149.36, 147.61, 146.51, 144.61, 144.07, 137.42, 137.19, 134.70, 134.66, 133.62, 132.28, 130.63, 129.50, 124.28, 123.65; ES-MS m/z 367.9 [M + H+]。
8-甲基 -10-(4-甲氧基苯基)吡啶并 [4,3-6】[l,4】苯并硫氮草 4.31: mp: 113-116。C; 81%; 1H NM (CDCI3) δ 8.56 (s, 1H), 8.23 (d, J= 4.8, 1H), 7.80 (d, J= 8.7, 2H), 7.41 (d, J= 8.1, 1H), 7.31 (d, J = 4.8, 1H), 7.25 (d, J = 8.1, 1H), 7.05 (s, 1H), 6.96 (d, J = 8.7, 2H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 2.28 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CDCI3) δ 169.86, 162.04, 146.87, 145.64, 145.01, 138.42, 137.73, 136.74, 135.70, 132.54, 132.31, 132.22, 131.40, 131.18, 125.87, 113.55, 55.37, 21.08; ES-MS w/z 333.0 [M + H+]。
8-甲基 -10-苯基吡啶并 [4,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草 4.32: mp: 119-121 °C; 73%; 1H NM (CDC13) δ 8.59 (s, 1H), 8.26 (d, J = 4.8, 1H), 7.83 (d, J = 6.6, 2H), 7.52-7.40 (m, 4H), 7.33 (d, J = 5.1, 1H), 7.25 (d, J= 6.6, 1H), 7.03 (s, 1H), 2.27 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CDCI3) δ 170.68, 146.93, 146.02, 144.78, 140.03, 138.49, 137.82, 136.78, 135.75, 132.38, 132.31, 131.14, 130.98, 129.64, 128.21, 125.90, 20.99; ES-MS w/z 303.0 [M + H+]。
8-甲基 -10-(4-硝基苯基)吡啶并 [4,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草 4.33: mp: 192-194 °C; 86%; 1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 8.62 (s, 1H), 8.31 (d, J= 8.7, 3H), 8.02 (d, J= 8.7, 2H), 7.46 (d, J= 8.1, 1H), 7.37 (d, J = 5.1, 1H), 7.31 (d, J = 8.1, 1H), 6.95 (s, 1H), 2.29 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CDCI3) δ 168.58, 149.09, 146.96, 146.80, 145.51, 144.29, 138.95, 137.79, 135.97, 135.78, 132.98, 132.69, 130.62, 130.48, 126.12, 123.35, 20.99; ES-MS w/z 348.0 [M + H+]。
10-(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [4,3-6】[l,4】苯并硫氮草 4.34: 61%; ES-MS m/z 303.2 [M + H+]。
吡啶并 [4,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草亚砜 5a和吡啶并 [4,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草砜 5b的合成:
Figure imgf000033_0001
与 100 mL单口烧瓶中依次加入化合物 4 ( 0.64 mmol) 和 40 mL无水 CH2C12, 磁力搅拌, 冰水浴下滴加 w-CPBA (n = 1时 0.77 mmol, n = 2时 1.55 mmol) 的 CH2C12 ( 10 mL) 溶液, 滴完后反应 20分钟, 依次用 5% NaHS03, 饱和 NaHC03, 饱和 NaCl溶液洗涤, 无水 Na2S04 干燥, 减压蒸干溶剂, 硅胶柱分离 (石油醚 /乙酸乙酯 = 2:1-1 : 1, v/v) , 再经石油醚 /乙酸乙 酯 (5/1, Wv) 重结晶, 得目标产物 5。
8-甲氧基 -10-(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [4,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草亚砜 5.1a: 84%; ES-MS m/z 349.4 [M +
H+]。
6-(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6】[1,4】苯并硫氮草亚砜 5.2a: mp: 175-177。C; 90%; 1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 8.55 (d, J = 4.2, 1H), 8.08 (d, J = 7.5, 1H), 7.89-7.74 (m, 3H), 7.67 (d, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.48 (t, J = 7.5, 1H), 7.40-7.28 (m, 4H), 2.45 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CDCI3) δ 167.09, 150.21, 147.57, 146.87, 142.54, 138.42, 135.47, 132.62, 132.25, 129.90, 129.55, 129.49, 129.15, 126.07, 125.09, 120.39, 21.41; ES-MS w/z 319.0 [M + H+]。
6-苯基吡啶并 [2,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草亚砜 5.3a: mp: 162-163 °C; 87%; 1H NM (CDC13) δ 8.56 (d, J = 4.2, 1H), 8.09 (d, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.87 (d, J = 6.9, 2H), 7.78 (t, J = 7.5, 1H), 7.69 (d, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.60-7.47 (m, 4H), 7.42-7.34 (m, 2H); 13C NMR (CDC13) δ 167.37, 150.25, 147.89, 147.01, 138.34, 138.25, 132.77, 132.46, 131.90, 129.98, 129.58, 128.50, 128.25, 126.08, 125.20, 120.56; ES-MS m/z 305.1 [M + H+]。
8-氯 -10-(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [4,3-6】[l,4】苯并硫氮草亚砜 5.4a: 75%; ES-MS m/z 353.8 [M + H+]。 6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-甲氧基吡啶并 [2,3-6】[1,4】苯并硫氮草砜 5.1b: mp: 242-244。C; 43%; 1H NM (CDC13) 5 8.51 (dd, J= 4.5, 1.5, IH), 8.18 (d, J= 8.7, IH), 7.88 (dd, J= 8.1, 1.4, IH), 7.83-7.75 (m 2H), 7.55 (dd, J= 8.1, 4.5, IH), 7.34-7.24 (m, 2H), 7.19 (dd, J= 8.7, 2.5, IH), 6.95 (d, J= 2.4, IH), 3.80 (s, 3H), 2.44 (s, 3H); ES-MS m/z 365.4 [M + H+]。
6-(4-甲基苯基) -9-甲氧基吡啶并 [4,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草砜 5.2b: mp: 228-229.6 °C; 50%; 1H
NMR (CDC13) δ 8.81-8.56 (m, IH), 8.10-7.95 (m, IH), 7.95-7.67 (m, 4H), 7.48 (q, J = 7.5, IH),
7.44-7.20 (m, 3H), 3.92-3.85 (m, 3H), 2.51-2.44 (m, 3H); ES-MS m/z 365.4 [M + H+]。
6-(4-甲基苯基) -10-甲氧基吡啶并 [4,3-6】[l,4】苯并硫氮草砜 5.3b: mp: 230-231 。C; 50%; 1H
NMR (CDCI3) δ 8.80-8.57 (m, IH), 8.09-7.83 (m, IH), 7.83-7.64 (m, 4H), 7.55-7.44 (m, 2H),
7.42-7.27 (m, 2H), 3.94-3.87 (m, 3H), 2.51-2.44 (m, 3H); ES-MS m/z 365.4 [M + H+]。
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-甲基吡啶并 [4,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草砜 5.4b: mp: 230-231 。C; 97%; ES-MS m/z 349.2 [M + H+]。
6-(4-甲氧基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草砜 5.5b: mp: 249-251 。C; 90%; ES-MS m/z 351.1 [M + H+]。
6-(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草砜 5.6b: mp: 236-238 °C; 98%; 1H NMR (CDC13) δ 8.54 (d, J = 4.5, IH), 8.27 (d, J = 7.5, IH), 7.90 (d, J = 8.1, IH), 7.76-7.73 (m, 3H), 7.69 (t, J = 8.1, IH), 7.57 (dd, J = 8.1, 4.5, IH), 7.52 (d, J = 7.5, IH), 7.28 (d, J = 8.1, 2H), 2.44 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (CDCI3) δ 168.50, 147.74, 146.12, 143.44, 142.51, 141.33, 136.62, 135.67, 133.07, 131.64, 130.98, 130.21, 129.27, 129.18, 127.93, 125.64, 21.54; ES-MS w/z 335.0 [M + H+] 0
6-(3-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草砜 5.7b: mp: 221-222 °C; 75%; ES-MS w/z 335.1 [M + H+]。
6-(2-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6】[l,4】苯并硫氮草砜 5.8b: mp: 248-250.5。C; 67%; ES-MS w/z 335.1
[M + H+]。
6-苯基吡啶并 [2,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草砜 5.9b: mp: 214-216。C; 95%; 1H NM (CDC13) δ 8.56 (dd, J = 4.5, 1.5, IH), 8.29 (dd, J = 7.5, 1.5, IH), 7.94 (dd, J = 8.4, 1.8, IH), 7.88 (m, 2H), 7.79-7.67 (m, 2H), 7.61-7.56 (m, 2H), 7.54-7.46 (m, 4H); 13C NMR (CDC13) δ 168.65, 146.35, 143.47, 141.15, 139.29, 135.72, 134.43, 133.15, 131.76, 130.95, 130.14, 129.21, 128.44, 127.98, 125.64; ES-MS w/z 321.1 [M + H+]。
6-(4-氟苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草砜 5.10b: mp: 263-265 °C; 98%; ES-MS w/z 339.1
[M + H+]。
6-(4-三氟甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草砜 5.11b: mp: 248-249 °C; 63%; 1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 8.81-8.57 (m, IH), 8.15-8.08 (m, IH), 8.0-7.89 (m, 2H), 7.89-7.67 (m, 6H), 7.48 (q, J = 7.4, IH); ES-MS m/z 389.0 [M + H+]。
6- (呋喃 -2-基)吡啶并 [2,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草砜 5.12b: mp: 257-259 °C; 96%; ES-MS w/z 311.0
[M + H+]。
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-氟吡啶并 [2,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草砜 5.13b: mp: 178-179 °C; 85%; 1H NMR δ 8.82-8.57 (m, IH), 8.18-8.05 (m, IH), 8.02-7.88 (m, 2H), 7.87-7.71 (m, 2H), 7.67-7.56 (m, IH), 7.48 (q, J= 7.5, IH), 7.44-7.28 (m, 2H), 2.51-2.44 (m, 3H); ES-MS m/z 353.4 [M + H+]。 6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-氯吡啶并 [2,3-6】 [1,4】苯并硫氮草砜 5.14b: mp: 231.5-233 °C; 91%; ES-MS m/z 369.0 [M + H+]。
10-(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [4,3-6】[l,4】苯并硫氮草砜 5.15b: mp: 214-216。C; 80%; ES-MS m/z 335.2
[M + H+]。 实施例 2: 化合物在人类肺痛、 乳腺痛、 结肠痛、 急性白血病细胞及正常成纤维细胞模型中 的选择性细胞毒性分析
实验所用细胞: 人非小细胞肺癌细胞 H460、 对紫杉醇耐药的人非小细胞肺癌细胞 H460TaxR; 对阿霉素耐药的人乳腺癌细胞 MCF -7/ADR; 人结肠癌细胞 HT29; 人白血病细胞 OP-1 ; 人正常成纤维细胞 NHFB。
实验方法:磺酰罗丹明 B( SRB )法(Vanicha Vichail & Kanyawim Kirtikara. Sulforhodamine B colorimetric assay for cytotoxicity screening. Nature Protocols 1, 2006, 1112-1116. )
取处于对数生长期的 H460细胞、 H460TaxR细胞、 HT-29细胞、 MCF-7/ADR细胞、 OP-1 细胞和 NHFB细胞,配制成 Sx lO^mL—1的细胞悬液,每孔加 100 μL接种于 96孔板内, 5% C02, 37°C培养 24小时, 去除上清, 每孔加 200 带药的新鲜培养基 (以 DMSO溶解的化合物储 存液, 用完全培养基稀释至所需浓度, 其中 DMSO 终浓度为 0.1%), 每个浓度设 4个复孔, 并设空白对照孔 (无细胞, 仅含 0.1% DMSO的等体积细胞培养液) 和阴性对照孔 (细胞以 含 0.1% DMSO的等体积细胞培养液) , 设 4个复孔, 加药后继续培养 48小时, 终止培养, 小心吸去孔内培养液, 每孔加 10%的 TCA 200 L, 4°C下固定 1 小时, 用双蒸水冲洗 5遍, 自然晾干后每孔加入 mg.ml^ SRB溶液, 室温下染色 15分钟, 弃上清, 用 1%的乙酸冲洗 5遍以去除非特异性结合的染料, 每孔加入 10 mM 的 Tris溶液 100 μί, 于 OD490nm处测定 各孔的吸光值, 按下式计算化合物作用 48小时的抑制率, 并应用 SigmaPlot软件计算半数抑 制浓度 (GI5。)。抑制率(% ) = (对照组 OD值- 测试组 OD值) /对照组 OD值 X 100%。实验重复 3 次,数据以均值 ± sd表示。结果显示,化合物在上述人非小细胞肺癌细胞(H460、 H460TaxR)、 人乳腺癌细胞 (MCF -7/ADR) 、 人结肠癌细胞 (HT29) 、 人白血病细胞 (OP-1 ) 具有良好 的细胞毒性, 但对正常细胞毒性很低 (GI5。>100 M) 。 具体实验结果如下:
下列化合物对 OP-1细胞的半数抑制浓度 (GI 5。) 值为 1-10μΜ
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-甲氧基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.1b
6-(4-甲基苯基) -10-甲氧基吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.3b
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-甲基吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.4b
6-(4-甲氧基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.5b
6-(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.6b
6-苯基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.9b
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-氟吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.13b
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-氯吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.14b
10-(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.15b
下列化合物对 OP-1细胞的半数抑制浓度 (GI 5。) 值为 10-100μΜ
6-(4-甲基苯基) -9-甲氧基吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.2b
6-(3-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.7b 6-(2-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][l,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.8b 6- 4-氟苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.10b
6-(4-三氟甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.11b
6- (呋喃 -2-基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.12b 下列化合物对 HT29细胞的半数抑制浓度 (GI 5。) 值低于 ΙμΜ
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-甲氧基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.1b
6-(4-甲基苯基) -10-甲氧基吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.3b
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-甲基吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.4b
6-(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.6b
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-氟吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.13b
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-氯吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.14b 下列化合物对 HT29细胞的半数抑制浓度 (GI 5。) 值为 1-10μΜ
6-(4-甲基苯基) -9-甲氧基吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.2b
10-(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.15b
下列化合物对 HT29细胞的半数抑制浓度 (GI 5。) 值为 10-100μΜ
6-(4-甲氧基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.5b
6-(3-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.7b
6- 4-氟苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.10b
6-(4-三氟甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.11b 下列化合物对 H460细胞的半数抑制浓度 (GI 5。) 值低于 ΙμΜ 6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-甲氧基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.1b 6-(4-甲基苯基) -10-甲氧基吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.3b 6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-甲基吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.4b
6-(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.6b
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-氟吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.13b
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-氯吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.14b 下列化合物对 H460细胞的半数抑制浓度 (GI 5。) 值为 1-10μΜ 6-(4-甲基苯基) -9-甲氧基吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.2b 10-(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.15b 下列化合物对 H460TaxR细胞的半数抑制浓度 (GI 5。) 值低于 ΙμΜ 6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-甲氧基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.1b 6-(4-甲基苯基) -10-甲氧基吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.3b 6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-甲基吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.4b
6-(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.6b
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-氟吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.13b
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-氯吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.14b 下列化合物对 H460TaxR细胞的半数抑制浓度 (GI 5。) 值为 1-10μΜ
6-(4-甲基苯基) -9-甲氧基吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.2b
10-(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.15b
下列化合物对 H460TaxR细胞的半数抑制浓度 (GI 5。) 值为 10-100μΜ
6- 4-氟苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.10b
6-(4-三氟甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.11b 下列化合物对 MCF -7/AD 细胞的半数抑制浓度 (GI 50) 值低于 ΙμΜ
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-甲氧基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.1b
6-(4-甲基苯基) -10-甲氧基吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.3b
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-甲基吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.4b
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-氟吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.13b
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-氯吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.14b
下列化合物对 MCF -7/AD 细胞的半数抑制浓度 (GI 50) 值为 1-10μΜ
6-(4-甲基苯基) -9-甲氧基吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.2b
6-(4-甲氧基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.5b
6-(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.6b
6-(3-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.7b
10-(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.15b 下列化合物对 NHFB细胞的半数抑制浓度 (GI 5。) 值高于 ΙΟΟμΜ
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-甲氧基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.1b
6-(4-甲基苯基) -9-甲氧基吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.2b
6-(4-甲基苯基) -10-甲氧基吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.3b
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-甲基吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.4b
6-(4-甲氧基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.5b
6-(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.6b
6-(3-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.7b
6-(2-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.8b
6-苯基吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.9b
6- 4-氟苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.10b
6-(4-三氟甲基苯基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.11b
6- (呋喃 -2-基)吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.12b
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-氟吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.13b
6-(4-甲基苯基) -8-氯吡啶并 [2,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.14b
10-(4-甲基苯基)吡啶并 [4,3-6][1,4]苯并硫氮草砜 5.15b

Claims

权利要求
1、 具有通式 1-
Figure imgf000038_0001
1-1
及其立体异构体, 互变异构体、 溶剂合物、 药物前体、 和其药效学上可接受的盐,
其中: n = 0, 1或 2;
当 X = N时, Y = CR8; 当 X = CR8时, Y = N; 其中 R8表示氢, 卤素基团, 氰基, 硝基, 未取代的和取代的垸基、 烯基、 炔基、 环烷基、 杂环烷基、 芳基和杂环基, -OR9, -NR9R10, - OC(0)R9, - C(0)OR9, - C(O)NR9R10, - NR9C(O)R10, - NR9SO2R10, - SO2NR9R10, - NR9C(O)NR10Rn, -NR9C(NR10)NRUR12, 其中 R9、 R1<3、 R"、 和 R12独立地选自氢, 未取代的和取代的烷基、 烯 基、 炔基、 环垸基、 杂环烷基、 芳基和杂环基;
R1, R2、 R-\ R4、 R5、 R6和 R7独立地选自氢, 卤素基团, 氰基, 硝基, 未取代的和取代 的烷基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、杂环垸基、芳基和杂环基; -OR13, -N 13R14, -OC(0)R13, -C(0)OR13,
- C(0)NR"R - NR"C(0)R14 , - NR"S02R14 , - S02NR"R14 , -N 1JC(0)NR14R
-NR13C(NR14)NR15R16, 其中 R13、 R14、 R15、 和 R16独立地选自氢, 未取代的和取代的垸基、 烯 基、 炔基、 环烷基、 杂环垸基、 芳基和杂环基; 其中 R3和 R4—起、 或 R4和 R5—起、 或 R5和 R6— 起, 分别形成未取代的或取代的任选环系。
2、 如权利要求 1 所述的吡啶并硫氮七元环衍生物在制备具有抑制人类白血病细胞株 OP-1增长的抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
3、 如权利要求 1 所述的吡啶并硫氮七元环衍生物在制备具有抑制人类结肠癌细胞株 HT29增长的抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
4、 如权利要求 1 所述的吡啶并硫氮七元环衍生物在制备具有抑制人类肺癌细胞株 H460 增长的抗肿瘤药物中的应 ffl。
5、 如权利要求 1 所述的吡啶并硫氮七元环衍生物在制备具有抑制对紫杉醇耐药的人类 肺癌细胞株 H460TaxR增长的抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
6、 如权利要求 1 所述的吡啶并硫氮七元环衍生物在制备具有抑制阿霉素耐药的人类乳 腺癌细胞株 MCF- 7/Adr增长的抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
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