WO2012160724A1 - 可変圧縮比機構を備える内燃機関 - Google Patents
可変圧縮比機構を備える内燃機関 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012160724A1 WO2012160724A1 PCT/JP2011/075724 JP2011075724W WO2012160724A1 WO 2012160724 A1 WO2012160724 A1 WO 2012160724A1 JP 2011075724 W JP2011075724 W JP 2011075724W WO 2012160724 A1 WO2012160724 A1 WO 2012160724A1
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- combustion chamber
- volume
- intake
- compression ratio
- valve
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D15/00—Varying compression ratio
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D15/00—Varying compression ratio
- F02D15/04—Varying compression ratio by alteration of volume of compression space without changing piston stroke
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0223—Variable control of the intake valves only
- F02D13/0234—Variable control of the intake valves only changing the valve timing only
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
- G01M15/08—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring pressure in cylinders
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
- G01M15/05—Testing internal-combustion engines by combined monitoring of two or more different engine parameters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine provided with a variable compression ratio mechanism.
- JP 2006-183604 A JP-A-2005-315161 JP 2005-233038 A JP 2004-111598 A JP2007-040212 JP 2010-265817 A JP 2009-092052 A
- the amount of change in the combustion chamber volume at the top dead center when the mechanical compression ratio is changed is assumed to be that only the amount of burnt gas remaining in the combustion chamber changes.
- the air volume is not affected.
- the intake air amount depends on the exhaust amount, and even if the mechanical compression ratio is changed, the exhaust amount does not change. Therefore, it has been considered that the intake air amount basically does not change.
- the residual burned gas volume shrinks due to a temperature drop when mixing with the intake air supplied into the combustion chamber, and expands due to a pressure drop, and thus affects the amount of intake air.
- an object of the present invention is to make it possible to estimate the intake air amount relatively accurately in an internal combustion engine having a variable compression ratio mechanism that changes the mechanical compression ratio by changing the volume of the combustion chamber at the top dead center. The volume of the remaining burned gas in the combustion chamber when the intake air is supplied to the combustion chamber is calculated.
- An internal combustion engine comprising the variable compression ratio mechanism according to claim 1 of the present invention is an internal combustion engine comprising a variable compression ratio mechanism that varies the mechanical compression ratio by changing the volume of the combustion chamber at the top dead center. Measure or estimate the pressure and temperature of the residual burned gas in the combustion chamber when the exhaust valve is closed during the stroke, measure or estimate the pressure and temperature of the intake air supplied to the combustion chamber after the exhaust valve is closed during the intake stroke, When the pressure and temperature of the residual burned gas satisfying the combustion chamber volume when the exhaust valve is closed during the intake stroke are equal to the pressure and temperature of the intake when the intake air is supplied to the combustion chamber, The volume after change of the residual burned gas is calculated.
- An internal combustion engine comprising the variable compression ratio mechanism according to claim 2 according to the present invention is an internal combustion engine comprising the variable compression ratio mechanism according to claim 1, and the intake air in the combustion chamber is based on the calculated volume of residual burned gas.
- the volume of fresh air is calculated and the volume of fresh air is calculated by multiplying the calculated volume of intake air by the fresh air ratio, assuming that burned gas is contained in the intake air supplied to the combustion chamber.
- the volume of the remaining burned gas in the combustion chamber when the exhaust valve is closed during the intake stroke is changed even when the intake air is supplied into the combustion chamber.
- the pressure and temperature of the residual burned gas become equal to the pressure and temperature of the intake air, and the volume of the remaining burned gas changes to occupy the combustion chamber volume. Therefore, the volume of the remaining burned gas after the change is calculated, and as a result, the volume of the combustion chamber occupied by the volume of the remaining burned gas is not supplied with intake air.
- the intake air amount can be estimated relatively accurately.
- the combustion chamber is based on the calculated residual burned gas volume.
- the intake air supplied to the combustion chamber is assumed to contain burnt gas, and the calculated intake volume is multiplied by the fresh air ratio to calculate the fresh air volume. It has become. Thereby, the amount of fresh air in the combustion chamber necessary for accurate calculation of the combustion air-fuel ratio can be estimated more accurately.
- 1 is an overall view of an internal combustion engine. It is a disassembled perspective view of a variable compression ratio mechanism.
- 1 is a schematic side sectional view of an internal combustion engine. It is a figure which shows a variable valve timing mechanism. It is a figure which shows the lift amount of an intake valve and an exhaust valve. It is a figure for demonstrating a mechanical compression ratio, an actual compression ratio, and an expansion ratio. It is a figure which shows the relationship between theoretical thermal efficiency and an expansion ratio. It is a figure for demonstrating a normal cycle and a super-high expansion ratio cycle. It is a figure which shows changes, such as a mechanical compression ratio according to an engine load. It is a flowchart for calculating the volume change of the residual burned gas in a combustion chamber.
- FIG. 1 shows a side sectional view of an internal combustion engine equipped with a variable compression ratio mechanism according to the present invention.
- 1 is a crankcase
- 2 is a cylinder block
- 3 is a cylinder head
- 4 is a piston
- 5 is a combustion chamber
- 6 is a spark plug disposed at the center of the top surface of the combustion chamber 5
- 7 is intake air.
- 8 is an intake port
- 9 is an exhaust valve
- 10 is an exhaust port.
- the intake port 8 is connected to a surge tank 12 via an intake branch pipe 11, and a fuel injection valve 13 for injecting fuel into the corresponding intake port 8 is arranged in each intake branch pipe 11.
- the fuel injection valve 13 may be arranged in each combustion chamber 5 instead of being attached to each intake branch pipe 11.
- the surge tank 12 is connected to an air cleaner 15 via an intake duct 14, and a throttle valve 17 driven by an actuator 16 and an intake air amount detector 18 using, for example, heat rays are arranged in the intake duct 14.
- the exhaust port 10 is connected to a catalyst device 20 containing, for example, a three-way catalyst via an exhaust manifold 19, and an air-fuel ratio sensor 21 is disposed in the exhaust manifold 19.
- a catalyst device 20 containing, for example, a three-way catalyst via an exhaust manifold 19, and an air-fuel ratio sensor 21 is disposed in the exhaust manifold 19.
- the combustion air-fuel ratio is the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio
- the piston 4 is positioned at the compression top dead center by changing the relative position of the crankcase 1 and the cylinder block 2 in the cylinder axial direction at the connecting portion between the crankcase 1 and the cylinder block 2.
- a variable compression ratio mechanism A capable of changing the volume of the combustion chamber 5 at the time
- an actual compression action start timing changing mechanism B capable of changing the actual start time of the compression action.
- the actual compression action start timing changing mechanism B is composed of a variable valve timing mechanism capable of controlling the closing timing of the intake valve 7.
- a relative position sensor 22 for detecting a relative positional relationship between the crankcase 1 and the cylinder block 2 is attached to the crankcase 1 and the cylinder block 2. Outputs an output signal indicating a change in the distance between the crankcase 1 and the cylinder block 2.
- the variable valve timing mechanism B is provided with a valve timing sensor 23 for generating an output signal indicating the closing timing of the intake valve 7, and an output signal indicating the throttle valve opening is provided to the actuator 16 for driving the throttle valve.
- a throttle opening sensor 24 is attached.
- the electronic control unit 30 is composed of a digital computer, and is connected to each other by a bidirectional bus 31.
- a load sensor 41 that generates an output voltage proportional to the depression amount L of the accelerator pedal 40 is connected to the accelerator pedal 40, and the output voltage of the load sensor 41 is input to the input port 35 via the corresponding AD converter 37. Is done.
- crank angle sensor 42 that generates an output pulse every time the crankshaft rotates, for example, 30 ° is connected to the input port 35.
- the output port 36 is connected to the spark plug 6, the fuel injection valve 13, the throttle valve driving actuator 16, the variable compression ratio mechanism A, and the variable valve timing mechanism B through corresponding drive circuits 38.
- FIG. 2 shows an exploded perspective view of the variable compression ratio mechanism A shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 shows a side sectional view of the internal combustion engine schematically shown.
- a plurality of protrusions 50 spaced from each other are formed below both side walls of the cylinder block 2, and cam insertion holes 51 each having a circular cross section are formed in each protrusion 50.
- cam insertion holes 51 each having a circular cross section are formed in each protrusion 50.
- a plurality of protrusions 52 are formed on the upper wall surface of the crankcase 1 so as to be fitted between the corresponding protrusions 50 spaced apart from each other.
- Cam insertion holes 53 each having a circular cross section are formed.
- a pair of camshafts 54 and 55 are provided, and on each camshaft 54 and 55, a circular cam 58 is rotatably inserted into each cam insertion hole 53. It is fixed. These circular cams 58 are coaxial with the rotational axes of the camshafts 54 and 55.
- an eccentric shaft 57 eccentrically arranged with respect to the rotation axis of each camshaft 54, 55 extends. 56 is mounted eccentrically and rotatable.
- these circular cams 56 are arranged on both sides of each circular cam 58, and these circular cams 56 are rotatably inserted into the corresponding cam insertion holes 51.
- a cam rotation angle sensor 25 that generates an output signal representing the rotation angle of the camshaft 55 is attached to the camshaft 55.
- 3A, 3B, and 3C show the positional relationship among the center a of the circular cam 58, the center b of the eccentric shaft 57, and the center c of the circular cam 56 in each state. It is shown.
- the relative positions of the crankcase 1 and the cylinder block 2 are determined by the distance between the center a of the circular cam 58 and the center c of the circular cam 56. As the distance between the center a of 58 and the center c of the circular cam 56 increases, the cylinder block 2 moves away from the crankcase 1. That is, the variable compression ratio mechanism A changes the relative position between the crankcase 1 and the cylinder block 2 by a crank mechanism using a rotating cam. When the cylinder block 2 moves away from the crankcase 1, the volume of the combustion chamber 5 increases when the piston 4 is positioned at the compression top dead center. Therefore, by rotating the camshafts 54 and 55, the piston 4 is compressed at the top dead center. The volume of the combustion chamber 5 when it is located at can be changed.
- a pair of worms 61 and 62 having opposite spiral directions are attached to the rotation shaft of the drive motor 59, respectively.
- Worm wheels 63 and 64 that mesh with the worms 61 and 62 are fixed to the ends of the camshafts 54 and 55, respectively.
- the volume of the combustion chamber 5 when the piston 4 is located at the compression top dead center can be changed over a wide range.
- FIG. 4 shows the variable valve timing mechanism B attached to the end of the camshaft 70 for driving the intake valve 7 in FIG.
- the variable valve timing mechanism B includes a timing pulley 71 that is rotated in the direction of an arrow by a crankshaft of an engine via a timing belt, a cylindrical housing 72 that rotates together with the timing pulley 71, an intake valve A rotating shaft 73 that rotates together with the driving camshaft 70 and is rotatable relative to the cylindrical housing 72, and a plurality of partition walls 74 that extend from the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical housing 72 to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 73. And a vane 75 extending from the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 73 to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical housing 72 between the partition walls 74, and an advance hydraulic chamber 76 on each side of each vane 75.
- a retarding hydraulic chamber 77 is formed.
- the hydraulic oil supply control to the hydraulic chambers 76 and 77 is performed by the hydraulic oil supply control valve 78.
- the hydraulic oil supply control valve 78 includes hydraulic ports 79 and 80 connected to the hydraulic chambers 76 and 77, a hydraulic oil supply port 82 discharged from the hydraulic pump 81, a pair of drain ports 83 and 84, And a spool valve 85 for controlling communication between the ports 79, 80, 82, 83, and 84.
- variable valve timing mechanism B can advance and retard the cam phase of the intake valve driving camshaft 70 by a desired amount.
- the solid line shows the time when the cam phase of the intake valve driving camshaft 70 is advanced the most by the variable valve timing mechanism B
- the broken line shows the cam phase of the intake valve driving camshaft 70 being the most advanced. It shows when it is retarded. Therefore, the valve opening period of the intake valve 7 can be arbitrarily set between the range indicated by the solid line and the range indicated by the broken line in FIG. 5, and therefore the closing timing of the intake valve 7 is also the range indicated by the arrow C in FIG. Any crank angle can be set.
- variable valve timing mechanism B shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 shows an example.
- variable valve timing that can change only the closing timing of the intake valve while keeping the opening timing of the intake valve constant.
- Various types of variable valve timing mechanisms, such as mechanisms, can be used.
- FIG. 6 (A), (B), and (C) show an engine having a combustion chamber volume of 50 ml and a piston stroke volume of 500 ml for the sake of explanation.
- the combustion chamber volume represents the volume of the combustion chamber when the piston is located at the compression top dead center.
- FIG. 6A explains the mechanical compression ratio.
- FIG. 6B illustrates the actual compression ratio.
- FIG. 6C explains the expansion ratio.
- FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the theoretical thermal efficiency and the expansion ratio
- FIG. 8 shows a comparison between a normal cycle and an ultrahigh expansion ratio cycle that are selectively used according to the load in the present invention.
- FIG. 8 (A) shows a normal cycle when the intake valve closes near the bottom dead center and the compression action by the piston is started from the vicinity of the intake bottom dead center.
- the combustion chamber volume is set to 50 ml
- the stroke volume of the piston is set to 500 ml, similarly to the example shown in FIGS. 6A, 6B, and 6C.
- the actual compression ratio is almost 11
- the solid line in FIG. 7 shows the change in the theoretical thermal efficiency when the actual compression ratio and the expansion ratio are substantially equal, that is, in a normal cycle.
- the theoretical thermal efficiency increases as the expansion ratio increases, that is, as the actual compression ratio increases. Therefore, in order to increase the theoretical thermal efficiency in a normal cycle, it is only necessary to increase the actual compression ratio.
- the actual compression ratio can only be increased to a maximum of about 12 due to the restriction of the occurrence of knocking at the time of engine high load operation, and thus the theoretical thermal efficiency cannot be sufficiently increased in a normal cycle.
- FIG. 8B shows an example where the variable compression ratio mechanism A and variable valve timing mechanism B are used to increase the expansion ratio while maintaining the actual compression ratio at a low value.
- variable compression ratio mechanism A reduces the combustion chamber volume from 50 ml to 20 ml.
- variable valve timing mechanism B delays the closing timing of the intake valve until the actual piston stroke volume is reduced from 500 ml to 200 ml.
- the actual compression ratio is almost 11 and the expansion ratio is 11, as described above.
- FIG. 8B Only the expansion ratio is shown in FIG. 8B. It can be seen that it has been increased to 26. This is why it is called an ultra-high expansion ratio cycle.
- FIG. 9 shows changes in the intake air amount, the intake valve closing timing, the mechanical compression ratio, the expansion ratio, the actual compression ratio, and the opening degree of the throttle valve 17 according to the engine load at a certain engine speed.
- . 9 shows that the average air-fuel ratio in the combustion chamber 5 is an output signal of the air-fuel ratio sensor 21 so that unburned HC, CO and NO x in the exhaust gas can be simultaneously reduced by the three-way catalyst in the catalyst device 20. This shows a case where feedback control is performed to the theoretical air-fuel ratio based on the above.
- the normal cycle shown in FIG. 8 (A) is executed during engine high load operation. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 9, the expansion ratio is low because the mechanical compression ratio is lowered at this time, and the valve closing timing of the intake valve 7 is advanced as shown by the solid line in FIG. ing. At this time, the amount of intake air is large, and at this time, the opening degree of the throttle valve 17 is kept fully open, so that the pumping loss is zero.
- the mechanical compression ratio is increased as the intake air amount is decreased while the actual compression ratio is substantially constant. That is, the volume of the combustion chamber 5 when the piston 4 reaches the compression top dead center is decreased in proportion to the decrease in the intake air amount. Therefore, the volume of the combustion chamber 5 when the piston 4 reaches the compression top dead center changes in proportion to the intake air amount.
- the air-fuel ratio in the combustion chamber 5 is the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, so the volume of the combustion chamber 5 when the piston 4 reaches the compression top dead center is proportional to the fuel amount. Will change.
- the mechanical compression ratio When the engine load is further reduced, the mechanical compression ratio is further increased, and when the engine load is lowered to the medium load L1 slightly close to the low load, the mechanical compression ratio becomes a limit mechanical compression ratio (upper limit mechanical compression) that becomes the structural limit of the combustion chamber 5. Ratio).
- the mechanical compression ratio reaches the limit mechanical compression ratio, the mechanical compression ratio is held at the limit mechanical compression ratio in a region where the load is lower than the engine load L1 when the mechanical compression ratio reaches the limit mechanical compression ratio. Accordingly, the mechanical compression ratio is maximized and the expansion ratio is maximized at the time of low engine load operation and low engine load operation, that is, at the engine low load operation side. In other words, the mechanical compression ratio is maximized so that the maximum expansion ratio is obtained on the engine low load operation side.
- the closing timing of the intake valve 7 becomes the limit closing timing that can control the amount of intake air supplied into the combustion chamber 5.
- the closing timing of the intake valve 7 reaches the limit closing timing, the closing timing of the intake valve 7 is reduced in a region where the load is lower than the engine load L1 when the closing timing of the intake valve 7 reaches the closing timing. It is held at the limit closing timing.
- the intake air amount can no longer be controlled by the change in the closing timing of the intake valve 7.
- the intake valve 7 is supplied into the combustion chamber 5 by the throttle valve 17.
- the amount of intake air to be controlled is controlled, and the opening degree of the throttle valve 17 is made smaller as the engine load becomes lower.
- the intake air amount can be controlled without depending on the throttle valve 17 by advancing the closing timing of the intake valve 7 as the engine load becomes lower as shown by the broken line in FIG. Accordingly, when expressing the case shown in FIG. 9 so as to include both the case indicated by the solid line and the case indicated by the broken line, in the embodiment according to the present invention, the valve closing timing of the intake valve 7 becomes smaller as the engine load becomes lower. It is moved in a direction away from the intake bottom dead center BDC until the limit valve closing timing L1 at which the intake air amount supplied into the combustion chamber can be controlled.
- the intake air amount can be controlled by changing the closing timing of the intake valve 7 as shown by the solid line in FIG. 9 or by changing it as shown by the broken line.
- the expansion ratio is 26 in the ultra-high expansion ratio cycle shown in FIG.
- the intake air amount can be calculated based on the occupied volume of the intake air in the combustion chamber and the pressure and temperature of the intake air.
- the occupied volume of the intake air in the combustion chamber is other than the occupied volume of the burned gas in the combustion chamber.
- the occupied volume of the burned gas in the combustion chamber may be calculated.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart for this purpose, and is implemented by the electronic control unit 30.
- step 101 it is determined whether or not it is time to determine the fuel injection amount. For example, when the fuel injection valve 13 is disposed in the intake port 8, the fuel injection is performed during the intake stroke. Further, when the fuel injection valve is disposed in the combustion chamber, fuel injection is possible from the initial stage of the intake stroke to the ignition timing of the compression stroke. However, in order to vaporize and mix the injected fuel, the fuel is injected during the intake stroke. It is preferable to end the injection. In any case, the fuel injection amount must be determined before the end of fuel injection.
- step 101 When the determination in step 101 is negative, it is not necessary to calculate the occupied volume of the burned gas in the combustion chamber in order to determine the fuel injection amount, and the process ends without doing anything. However, if it is time to determine the fuel injection amount, the determination in step 101 is affirmed, and in step 102, the combustion chamber volume V0 when the exhaust valve is closed is set.
- the combustion chamber volume V0 when the exhaust valve is closed varies depending on not only the size and shape of the combustion chamber but also the current mechanical compression ratio and the current closing timing of the exhaust valve. As the mechanical compression ratio is reduced by the variable compression ratio mechanism A, the combustion chamber volume at the top dead center is increased, so that the combustion chamber volume V0 when the exhaust valve is closed is increased. Further, the more the exhaust valve closing timing is retarded, the larger the combustion chamber volume V0 when the exhaust valve is closed.
- the current mechanical compression ratio can be estimated based on the output of the relative position sensor 22.
- step 103 when the exhaust valve is closed, the temperature TEX and pressure PEX of the burned gas satisfying the combustion chamber volume V0 are measured by a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor (both not shown) arranged in the combustion chamber.
- step 104 the temperature TIN and the pressure PIN of the intake air supplied to the combustion chamber are measured by, for example, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor (both not shown) disposed in the surge tank 12.
- step 105 the volume V0 'of the burned gas that changes in this way is calculated by the following equation.
- V0 ' V0 * TIN / TEX * PEX / PIN
- the intake air amount is calculated. can do. For example, when the valve closing timing of the intake valve is controlled before the intake bottom dead center as shown by a broken line in FIG. 9, the combustion chamber volume V1 ′ until the intake valve closes (based on the current mechanical compression ratio).
- the intake air amount can be calculated based on the intake pressure PIN and the temperature TIN.
- the combustion chamber volume V1 ′′ (the current mechanical compression ratio) from the intake valve closing
- the amount of intake air can be calculated based on the intake pressure PIN and the temperature TIN.
- step 103 of the flowchart of FIG. 10 the burnt gas temperature TEX and pressure PEX in the combustion chamber when the intake valve is closed are measured by arranging a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor in the combustion chamber. Alternatively, it may be mapped for each engine operating state determined by the engine speed. Even if only the pressure sensor is arranged in the combustion chamber, the cylinder pressure P in the expansion stroke is monitored by the pressure sensor, and the product PV of the cylinder pressure P and the combustion chamber volume V becomes the maximum value PVM. By specifying the angle CA, it can be estimated that the burned gas temperature TEX becomes higher as the maximum value PVM is larger, and the later expansion work is reduced as the crank angle CA is retarded. Since TEX can be estimated to be high, the burned gas temperature TEX can be mapped to the maximum value PVM and the crank angle CA.
- the intake air temperature TIN measured in step 104 of the flowchart of FIG. 10 may be the atmospheric temperature. Further, when the throttle valve is fully opened, the intake pressure PIN may be an atmospheric pressure. At the time of throttle valve opening control, the intake pressure PIN is mapped with respect to the throttle valve opening so that the intake valve PIN decreases as the throttle valve opening decreases (the absolute value of the negative pressure increases). It is also possible.
- the burned gas in the combustion chamber flows out not only to the exhaust port 10 but also to the intake port 8 from the intake valve open to the exhaust top dead center. Accordingly, strictly speaking, the intake air in the intake port 8 supplied from the exhaust valve closing into the combustion chamber contains burned gas.
- the intake air fresh air ratio R By multiplying the intake air fresh air ratio R, the fresh air occupation volume for estimating the amount of fresh air necessary for accurate calculation of the combustion air-fuel ratio can be calculated.
- the fresh air ratio R is a ratio fv / gv of the fresh air volume fv to the unit volume gv of the gas sucked into the combustion chamber from the intake port 9, and the unit volume gv is the fresh air included in the unit volume gv. It is the sum of the volume fv and the burned gas volume ev.
- the fresh air ratio R decreases.
- the higher the engine load and the higher the combustion pressure the higher the burnt gas pressure in the cylinder when the intake valve is opened, so the amount of burnt gas flowing out to the intake port 8 increases and the fresh air ratio R Becomes smaller.
- the fresh air ratio R can be mapped based on the engine operating state (engine load and engine speed) and the opening timing of the intake valve.
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Abstract
Description
こうして、燃料噴射量の決定時期となって、吸気行程の排気弁の閉弁直後に燃焼室に残留する既燃ガスの容積変化後の占領容積V0’が算出されれば、吸入空気量を算出することができる。例えば、吸気弁の閉弁時期が図9に破線で示すように、吸気下死点前において制御される場合には、吸気弁閉弁までの燃焼室容積V1’(現在の機械圧縮比に基づく上死点の燃焼室容積と上死点から吸気弁閉弁までのピストンの行程容積との合計)から既燃ガスの占領容積V0’を減算した容積(V1’-V0’)が吸気の占領容積となり、吸気の圧力PIN及び温度TINに基づき吸入空気量を算出することができる。
2 シリンダブロック
A 可変圧縮比機構
B 可変バルブタイミング機構
Claims (2)
- 上死点の燃焼室容積を変化させて機械圧縮比を可変とする可変圧縮比機構を備える内燃機関であって、吸気行程の排気弁閉弁時における燃焼室内の残留既燃ガスの圧力及び温度を測定又は推定し、吸気行程の排気弁閉弁後に燃焼室内へ供給される吸気の圧力及び温度を測定又は推定し、吸気行程の排気弁閉弁時の燃焼室容積を満たす前記残留既燃ガスの前記圧力及び前記温度が燃焼室へ吸気が供給された際には吸気の前記圧力及び前記温度に等しくなるとして、前記残留既燃ガスの変化後の容積を算出することを特徴とする可変圧縮比機構を備える内燃機関。
- 算出された残留既燃ガスの容積に基づき燃焼室内の吸気の容積を算出し、燃焼室内へ供給される吸気には既燃ガスが含まれているとして、算出された吸気の容積に新気割合を乗算して、新気の容積を算出することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の可変圧縮比機構を備える内燃機関。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US14/119,622 US9644546B2 (en) | 2011-05-23 | 2011-11-08 | Internal combustion engine provided with variable compression ratio mechanism |
CN201180071081.9A CN103547780B (zh) | 2011-05-23 | 2011-11-08 | 具备可变压缩比机构的内燃机 |
JP2013516166A JP5569649B2 (ja) | 2011-05-23 | 2011-11-08 | 可変圧縮比機構を備える内燃機関 |
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JP2011114754 | 2011-05-23 | ||
JP2011-114754 | 2011-05-23 |
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US (1) | US9644546B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5569649B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103547780B (ja) |
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US10450983B2 (en) | 2017-12-11 | 2019-10-22 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method and system for diagnosing operation of an engine compression ratio changing mechanism |
JP6537655B1 (ja) * | 2018-03-15 | 2019-07-03 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 内燃機関の制御装置及び制御方法 |
US10935462B2 (en) | 2018-04-26 | 2021-03-02 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method for variable compression ratio engine |
CN110953077A (zh) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-04-03 | 宁波市鄞州德来特技术有限公司 | 车辆、压缩比可变的内燃机和其活塞连杆机构 |
CN112761798B (zh) * | 2020-05-29 | 2023-04-07 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | 一种空气相对充量控制方法及装置 |
CN111811447B (zh) * | 2020-06-11 | 2021-03-23 | 广汽本田汽车有限公司 | 一种发动机活塞上止点测量系统及方法 |
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US20150128911A1 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
US9644546B2 (en) | 2017-05-09 |
CN103547780B (zh) | 2016-03-30 |
JPWO2012160724A1 (ja) | 2014-07-31 |
JP5569649B2 (ja) | 2014-08-13 |
CN103547780A (zh) | 2014-01-29 |
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