WO2012147831A1 - ホスホノクロトン酸誘導体の製造方法 - Google Patents
ホスホノクロトン酸誘導体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012147831A1 WO2012147831A1 PCT/JP2012/061172 JP2012061172W WO2012147831A1 WO 2012147831 A1 WO2012147831 A1 WO 2012147831A1 JP 2012061172 W JP2012061172 W JP 2012061172W WO 2012147831 A1 WO2012147831 A1 WO 2012147831A1
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- acid
- production method
- carbon atoms
- general formula
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- KFOZQYKCWOAOJA-IHWYPQMZSA-N (z)-2-phosphonobut-2-enoic acid Chemical class C\C=C(\C(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O KFOZQYKCWOAOJA-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 22
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- -1 4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 78
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- IDCBOTIENDVCBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N TEPP Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OP(=O)(OCC)OCC IDCBOTIENDVCBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- UUBHZHZSIKRVIV-KCXSXWJSSA-N (2e,6e,10e)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,10,14-pentaenoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C(O)=O UUBHZHZSIKRVIV-KCXSXWJSSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- YMQIIPLNNNGNEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid Chemical group C=CC(C)=CC(O)=O YMQIIPLNNNGNEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical group CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- GNCUVFPHYFZIRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 6-methylpyridazine-3-carboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(C)N=N1 GNCUVFPHYFZIRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical group [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical group [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- JIPWHZOYUGYXFA-GQCTYLIASA-N ethyl (e)-4-bromo-3-methylbut-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C(/C)CBr JIPWHZOYUGYXFA-GQCTYLIASA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- YHRUHBBTQZKMEX-YFVJMOTDSA-N (2-trans,6-trans)-farnesal Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\C=O YHRUHBBTQZKMEX-YFVJMOTDSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- YHRUHBBTQZKMEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2E,6E)-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrien-1-al Natural products CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CC=O YHRUHBBTQZKMEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- YHRUHBBTQZKMEX-FBXUGWQNSA-N E,E-Farnesal Natural products CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C/CC\C(C)=C/C=O YHRUHBBTQZKMEX-FBXUGWQNSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- OPSSCPNCFKJCFR-ANKZSMJWSA-N (2e,4e)-3-methyl-5-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl)penta-2,4-dienal Chemical compound O=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OPSSCPNCFKJCFR-ANKZSMJWSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940041672 oral gel Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004503 fine granule Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JGLFWTHGEKDYMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylpenta-2,4-dienal Chemical compound C=CC(C)=CC=O JGLFWTHGEKDYMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- IDMGVRDNZFQORW-JWBAUCAFSA-N axerophthene Chemical compound C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C IDMGVRDNZFQORW-JWBAUCAFSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000041 C6-C10 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 6
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 3
- 125000000882 C2-C6 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000003601 C2-C6 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 42
- 101000834981 Homo sapiens Testis, prostate and placenta-expressed protein Proteins 0.000 description 26
- 102100026164 Testis, prostate and placenta-expressed protein Human genes 0.000 description 26
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- SHGAZHPCJJPHSC-YCNIQYBTSA-N all-trans-retinoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C SHGAZHPCJJPHSC-YCNIQYBTSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 6
- HQMNCQVAMBCHCO-DJRRULDNSA-N etretinate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)C=C(OC)C(C)=C1C HQMNCQVAMBCHCO-DJRRULDNSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229960002199 etretinate Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006546 Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229960001727 tretinoin Drugs 0.000 description 5
- GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10-octahydropyrimido[1,2-a]azepine Chemical compound C1CCCCN2CCCN=C21 GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229950010307 peretinoin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007901 soft capsule Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000005654 Michaelis-Arbuzov synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-4-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)but-2-en-1-ol Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2C\C=C\CO DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OISVCGZHLKNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=N1 OISVCGZHLKNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004974 2-butenyl group Chemical group C(C=CC)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001494 2-propynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ZVQOOHYFBIDMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [methyl(oxido){1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethyl}-lambda(6)-sulfanylidene]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CN=S(C)(=O)C(C)C1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)N=C1 ZVQOOHYFBIDMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000102 alkali metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000008046 alkali metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
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- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N d-alpha-tocopherol Natural products OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Fe].[Fe] YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004491 isohexyl group Chemical group C(CCC(C)C)* 0.000 description 2
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- ZCSHNCUQKCANBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium diisopropylamide Chemical compound [Li+].CC(C)[N-]C(C)C ZCSHNCUQKCANBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WPHGSKGZRAQSGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N norcarane Chemical compound C1CCCC2CC21 WPHGSKGZRAQSGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XOKSLPVRUOBDEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N pinane Chemical compound CC1CCC2C(C)(C)C1C2 XOKSLPVRUOBDEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/38—Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
- C07F9/40—Esters thereof
- C07F9/4003—Esters thereof the acid moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic
- C07F9/4006—Esters of acyclic acids which can have further substituents on alkyl
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/09—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides from carboxylic acid esters or lactones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/16—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids
- A61K31/165—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids having aromatic rings, e.g. colchicine, atenolol, progabide
- A61K31/167—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids having aromatic rings, e.g. colchicine, atenolol, progabide having the nitrogen of a carboxamide group directly attached to the aromatic ring, e.g. lidocaine, paracetamol
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/20—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having a carboxyl group bound to a chain of seven or more carbon atoms, e.g. stearic, palmitic, arachidic acids
- A61K31/202—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having a carboxyl group bound to a chain of seven or more carbon atoms, e.g. stearic, palmitic, arachidic acids having three or more double bonds, e.g. linolenic
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K33/16—Fluorine compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/66—Microorganisms or materials therefrom
- A61K35/74—Bacteria
- A61K35/741—Probiotics
- A61K35/742—Spore-forming bacteria, e.g. Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus subtilis, clostridium or Lactobacillus sporogenes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/66—Microorganisms or materials therefrom
- A61K35/74—Bacteria
- A61K35/741—Probiotics
- A61K35/744—Lactic acid bacteria, e.g. enterococci, pediococci, lactococci, streptococci or leuconostocs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
- A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/4841—Filling excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/4858—Organic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/4841—Filling excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/4866—Organic macromolecular compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/4841—Filling excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/4875—Compounds of unknown constitution, e.g. material from plants or animals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/347—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups
- C07C51/353—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C57/00—Unsaturated compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C57/02—Unsaturated compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms with only carbon-to-carbon double bonds as unsaturation
- C07C57/03—Monocarboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group
- C07C67/333—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
- C07C67/343—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/38—Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
- C07F9/40—Esters thereof
- C07F9/4003—Esters thereof the acid moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic
- C07F9/4015—Esters of acyclic unsaturated acids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a phosphonocrotonic acid derivative useful as a raw material for pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals and industrial products, in particular, triethyl-3-methyl-4-phosphonocrotonate, and a method for producing a useful compound using the same. .
- Phosphonocrotonic acid derivatives have been used for the synthesis of various compounds due to their high functionality, and in particular, triethyl-3-methyl-4-phosphonocrotonate [(2E, Z) -4- (diethoxy Phosphono) -3-methylbut-2-enoic acid ethyl ester.
- TEMPC triethyl-3-methyl-4-phosphonocrotonate
- TEMPC also referred to as “TEMPC” is useful as a raw material for pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, and industrial products.
- TEMPC triethyl-3-methyl-4-phosphonocrotonate
- TEMPC also referred to as “TEMPC” is useful as a raw material for pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, and industrial products.
- TEMPC 3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid residue (enclosed by a solid line) represented by the following formula: This is useful for the synthesis of compounds having a moiety.
- (2E, 4E, 6E, 8E) -3,7-dimethyl-9- (2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl) nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid (Generic name: tretinoin) is useful as a therapeutic agent for acute promyelocytic leukemia
- (2E, 4E, 6E, 8E) -9- (4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl) -3,7 -Ethyl dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoate (generic name: etretinate) is useful as a therapeutic agent for psoriasis group, ichthyosis group, etc.
- (2E, 4E, 6E, 10E) -3,7, 11,15-Tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,10,14-pentaenoic acid (generic name: peretinoin) is known to be useful as a hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence inhibitor, and TEMPC Important source of compound And it can become (Patent Document 1).
- TEMPC can be produced by an Arbuzov reaction (Arbuzov reaction) in which ethyl 4-bromo-3-methylcrotonate and triethyl phosphite are reacted as shown in Scheme 1 below.
- the reaction is carried out by reacting a mixture of a cis isomer and a trans isomer of ethyl 4-bromo-3-methylcrotonate with triethyl phosphite for 3 hours at 90 ° C. and then performing distillation to perform TEMPC.
- a trans isomer of ethyl 4-bromo-3-methylcrotonate and triethyl phosphite were reacted at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- Non-patent Document 2 After removing bromoethane by distillation and reacting for another 2 hours, distillation is then performed to obtain a trans form of TEMPC (Non-patent Document 2), or trans of 4-bromo-3-methylcrotonate ethyl The reaction product is reacted with triethyl phosphite at 165 to 175 ° C. for 5 minutes and then distilled to obtain a trans form of TEMPC (Non-patent Document 3) There has been reported.
- tetraethyl pyrophosphate represented by the following formula (tetraethyl pyrophosphate; hereinafter also referred to as “TEPP”) I found it for the first time as a by-product.
- Non-patent Document 4 Pyrophosphate esters such as TEPP have strong neurotoxicity such as cholinesterase inhibitory action and also have insecticidal action (Non-patent Document 4), and therefore TEPP has been used as an organophosphorus pesticide. There is also. Therefore, removing or reducing this is important not only for improving the quality of TEMPC and compounds synthesized using this as a raw material, but also from the standpoint of ensuring the safety of manufacturing workers.
- Non-Patent Documents 1 to 3 neither describe nor suggest the presence of TEPP, and the present inventors could not predict the generation of TEPP. Further, the method described in Patent Document 1 cannot remove or reduce TEPP.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a high-quality phosphonocrotonic acid derivative. More specifically, it is to provide a method for producing a phosphonocrotonic acid derivative having a reduced pyrophosphate ester content, and preferably to provide a method for producing a TEMPC having a reduced TEPP content. Is the subject of the present invention.
- the present inventors have made a treatment with an acid or a base when producing a phosphonocrotonic acid derivative from a halocrotonate and a phosphite.
- the present inventors have found that a phosphonocrotonic acid derivative having a reduced content of pyrophosphate as an impurity can be obtained.
- the inventors of the present invention use a phosphonocrotonic acid derivative produced by this method as a raw material, and react with a carbonyl compound to substantially contain no pyrophosphate ester.
- the inventors have found that a compound having a methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid residue can be produced, and have completed the present invention.
- the manufacturing method including the process process using an acid or a base.
- R 1 is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may be substituted with an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms).
- a straight or branched alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, a straight or branched alkynyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms which may be substituted with an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, or a carbon number an aryl group of 6 to 10, three of R 1 may be the same or different.
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may be substituted with an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms
- R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, or a halogen atom.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are as defined above, and two R 1 may be the same or different.
- a method for producing a compound having a 3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid residue wherein the compound represented by the general formula (3) obtained by the above production method is reacted with a carbonyl compound.
- the compound represented by the above general formula (1) and the compound represented by the above general formula (2) are reacted or after the reaction, treatment with an acid or a base is performed.
- a method for producing a compound having a 3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid residue which comprises obtaining a compound represented by the formula (3) and then reacting the compound with a carbonyl compound.
- a phosphonocrotonic acid derivative with higher purity can be produced.
- TEMPC with a reduced content of TEPP can be produced.
- high-quality pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals and industrial products can be produced by using a phosphonocrotonic acid derivative having a reduced pyrophosphate ester content as a raw material.
- pyrophosphate such as TEPP -Yl
- halogen atom means a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, or an iodine atom. Preferably, they are a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and more preferably a bromine atom.
- a “straight chain or branched alkyl group” is a monovalent group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from an aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon, and includes straight and branched chain groups. Groups are included. Specific examples of the linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, and s-butyl group.
- linear or branched alkenyl group means a linear or branched alkenyl group having a carbon-carbon double bond at any one or more positions on an alkyl chain.
- straight chain or branched chain alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms include, for example, ethenyl group (vinyl group), prop-1-en-1-yl group, prop-2-ene-1- Yl group, prop-1-en-2-yl group, but-1-en-1-yl group, but-2-en-1-yl group, but-3-en-1-yl group, buta-1 -En-2-yl group, but-3-en-2-yl group, penta-1-en-1-yl group, penta-2-en-1-yl group, penta-3-en-1-yl Group, penta-4-en-1-yl group, penta-1-en-2-yl group, penta-4-en-2-yl group, 3-methyl
- linear or branched alkynyl group means a linear or branched alkynyl group having a carbon-carbon triple bond at any one or more positions on an alkyl chain.
- Specific examples of the linear or branched alkynyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms include ethynyl group, prop-1-in-1-yl group, prop-2-yn-1-yl group, butane -1-in-1-yl group, but-3-yn-1-yl group, 1-methylprop-2-yn-1-yl group, penta-1-in-1-yl group, penta-4-in Examples include a 1-yl group, a hexa-1-in-1-yl group, and a hexa-5-in-1-yl group, and a prop-2-yn-1-yl group is preferable.
- aryl group means an aromatic hydrocarbon group. Specific examples of the aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and an azulenyl group, and a phenyl group is preferable. Other groups not defined here follow the usual definitions.
- substantially free of pyrophosphate ester means that the residual rate of pyrophosphate ester is less than 5%, preferably 4 under the analytical conditions described in the Examples below. It means less than%. The same applies to “TEPP”.
- the production method of the present invention can be shown in the following scheme 2.
- R a and R b each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic group
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and X are as defined above, and a plurality of R 1 are the same or different. (However, the case where R a and R b are hydrogen atoms at the same time is excluded.)
- a hydrocarbon group can be mentioned as an organic group in R ⁇ a> and R ⁇ b >.
- the hydrocarbon group include an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, and the like, and these may have a substituent.
- the substituent include a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, and an alicyclic hydrocarbon group.
- the phenyl group and the alicyclic hydrocarbon group include a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, It may be substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the position and number of substituents are arbitrary, and when having two or more substituents, the substituents may be the same or different.
- the alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include methoxy group, ethoxy group, propoxy group, isopropoxy group, butoxy group and the like. Of these, a methoxy group and an ethoxy group are preferable.
- the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms may be linear or branched, and specific examples thereof include those described above.
- Examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon group include an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, and an alkynyl group. These aliphatic hydrocarbon groups preferably have 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and still more preferably 1 to 20 carbon atoms. These aliphatic hydrocarbon groups may be linear or branched.
- the alkyl group is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 25 carbon atoms, and further 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- decyl group, undecyl group, 1-methyldecyl group, pentadecyl group Group, octadecyl group and the like are examples of the alkynyl group.
- the alkenyl group is preferably an alkenyl group having 2 to 32 carbon atoms and more preferably 5 to 30 carbon atoms. Specifically, in addition to the specific examples described above, an octa-2-en-1-yl group, a deca-2-yl group, and the like.
- the alkenyl group may be substituted with an aryl group or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group described later.
- the alkynyl group is preferably an alkynyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 25 carbon atoms, and further 2 to 20 carbon atoms.
- an octa-2-yn-1-yl group And a deca-2-in-1-yl group is preferably an alkynyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 25 carbon atoms, and further 2 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group include a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, a condensed polycyclic hydrocarbon group, a bridged ring hydrocarbon group, and a cyclic terpene hydrocarbon group. These alicyclic hydrocarbon groups preferably have 3 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably 3 to 25 carbon atoms, and still more preferably 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Specific examples of the cycloalkyl group include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a t-butylcyclohexyl group, a cyclooctyl group, and the like.
- cycloalkenyl group examples include a 1-cyclohexenyl group.
- condensed polycyclic hydrocarbon group examples include a tricyclodecanyl group and an adamantyl group.
- bridged ring hydrocarbon group examples include a pentacyclopentadecanyl group, an isobonyl group and a tricyclopentenyl group.
- cyclic terpene hydrocarbon group examples include a monovalent group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from m-menthane, m-mentene, tujang, caran, pinane, bornane, norcarane, norpinane, norbornane, and the like.
- the aryl group an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms is more preferable. Specific examples include the same ones as described above.
- R a a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group is preferable, and a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group is more preferable.
- R b is preferably a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group, more preferably a hydrogen atom.
- Step 1 includes a compound represented by the general formula (1) (hereinafter also referred to as “compound (1)”) and a compound represented by the general formula (2) (hereinafter “compound (2)”).
- the compound (phosphonocrotonic acid derivative) represented by the general formula (3) is obtained by the SN2 reaction of the compound (1) to the compound (2).
- This reaction can be carried out according to the conditions of conventionally known Arbuzov reaction.
- the conditions described in Russ. Phys. Chem. Soc. 1906, 38, 687, or Russ. Phys. Chem. Soc. 1910, 42, 395 can be applied, but are not limited thereto.
- the compound (1) used in Step 1 can be obtained, for example, by reaction of phosphorus trichloride with alcohol.
- Compound (2) can be obtained, for example, by halogenating a crotonic ester compound with a halogenating agent such as N-halosuccinimide.
- a commercial item may be used for compound (1) and compound (2).
- the alcohol an alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is preferable, and examples thereof include methanol, ethanol, propanol, and isopropanol. Of these, methanol and ethanol are preferred.
- the present invention is characterized in that it comprises a treatment step using an acid or a base when the compound (1) and the compound (2) are reacted to produce a phosphonocrotonic acid derivative.
- the treatment step is preferably at least one of the following (A) and (B).
- (A) The process with which a compound (1) and a compound (2) are made to react in presence of an acid or a base.
- (B) The process of performing the process using an acid or a base after reaction of a compound (1) and a compound (2). Thereby, content of the compound (pyrophosphate ester) represented by the said General formula (4) represented by TEPP can be reduced.
- the treatment method is not particularly limited as long as contact treatment is performed using an acid or a base at least during the reaction of the compound (1) and the compound (2) or after the reaction.
- an acid or a base may be added to the reaction system.
- a reaction solution after the reaction for example, a reaction solution after the reaction, a solution of the organic layer separated after the reaction, or distillation What is necessary is just to add an acid or a base to the solution etc. which melt
- One or two or more contact treatments can be performed.
- organic solvent examples include hydrocarbons (eg, heptane, hexane, toluene, benzene, xylene) and halogenated hydrocarbons (eg, dichloromethane, chloroform, chlorobenzene). Can also be used in combination.
- hydrocarbons eg, heptane, hexane, toluene, benzene, xylene
- halogenated hydrocarbons eg, dichloromethane, chloroform, chlorobenzene
- an organic acid or an inorganic acid may be used, or one or a combination of two or more may be used.
- the acid used in the treatment step is preferably an acid having a pKa of less than 5, more preferably an acid of -5 or more and less than 5, and still more preferably an acid of -5 or more and less than 3.
- sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, and oxalic acid are preferable, and sulfuric acid is more preferable.
- pKa in this specification refers to an acid dissociation constant at 25 ° C., and in the case of a polyvalent acid, it is the first acid dissociation constant.
- the numerical value described in literature etc. can be referred for the pKa value of an acid.
- a solid acid may be used as the acid, and examples thereof include an acid ion exchange resin, activated clay, and silica-alumina.
- Commercially available products such as Dowex (manufactured by Dow Chemical Company), Nafion (manufactured by DuPont), and DIAION (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) can be used as the acid-type ion exchange resin.
- the acid may be used as a solution including an aqueous solution.
- concentration of the acid solution when used as a solution is preferably less than 100% by mass, more preferably less than 90% by mass, and even less than 60% by mass, while the lower limit is 1% by mass, further 3% by mass, and further 5% by mass. Is preferred.
- concentration range of the acid solution is preferably 1% by mass or more and less than 100% by mass, more preferably 3% by mass or more and less than 90% by mass, and further preferably 5% by mass or more and less than 60% by mass.
- the pH (25 ° C.) of the aqueous acid solution used in the treatment step of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably pH 1 to 5, more preferably pH 1 to 3.
- any of inorganic bases, organic bases, metal alkoxides and alkyl metals can be used, and one kind or a combination of two or more kinds can be used.
- an alkali metal hydroxide for example, lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and the like are preferable.
- metallic lithium, metallic sodium, metallic potassium and the like are preferable.
- the organic base is not particularly limited, and for example, a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound or an organic amine can be used.
- DBU 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7 -Ene
- DBU 1,8-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] non-5-ene
- the metal alkoxide is not particularly limited, but for example, sodium methoxide, potassium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, potassium ethoxide, t-butoxy sodium, t-butoxy potassium and the like are preferable.
- alkyl metal examples include, but are not limited to, lithium diisopropylamide, sodium diisopropylamide, potassium diisopropylamide, lithium hexamethyldisilazide, sodium hexamethyldisilazide, potassium hexamethyldisilazide, n-butyllithium, Preferred are s-butyllithium and t-butyllithium.
- the base used in the treatment step is preferably one having a pKb of 0 to 6, more preferably 2 to 5.
- pKb refers to a base dissociation constant at 25 ° C.
- the numerical value described in literature etc. can be referred for the pKb value of a base.
- the base may be used as a solution including an aqueous solution.
- the concentration of the base solution when used as a solution is preferably less than 100% by weight, more preferably less than 80% by weight, further less than 50% by weight, further less than 30% by weight, and further preferably 10% by weight, while the lower limit is 1% by weight. Is preferred.
- the concentration range of the base solution is preferably 1 to 50% by mass, more preferably 1 to 30% by mass, and further preferably 1 to 10% by mass.
- the pH (25 ° C.) of the aqueous base solution used in the treatment step of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably pH 8 to 14, more preferably pH 11 to 12.
- the amount of acid or base used in the treatment step of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the reaction solution after the reaction, the solution of the organic layer after the reaction, or the organic solvent after the isolation is used.
- the amount is preferably 1 to 50% by weight, more preferably 5 to 20% by weight, based on the re-dissolved solution.
- the same addition amount as described above can be adopted.
- the temperature in the treatment step of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0 to 100 ° C, more preferably 1 to 90 ° C, still more preferably 20 to 80 ° C, and further preferably 40 to 70 ° C.
- the time in the treatment step of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 15 hours, more preferably 3 to 15 hours, still more preferably 3 to 10 hours, and further preferably 3 to 5 hours.
- the treatment step of the present invention may be further performed in the presence of alcohol. It is preferable to add alcohol because the organic layer and the aqueous layer become uniform.
- the alcohol that can be used is not particularly limited, but methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol and the like are preferable, and methanol and ethanol are more preferable.
- the amount of alcohol used is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 50% by mass with respect to the reaction solution after the reaction, the solution of the organic layer after the reaction, or the solution dissolved again in the organic solvent after the isolation. More preferably, it is ⁇ 20% by mass, and further preferably 8 ⁇ 15% by mass.
- the treatment step After the treatment step, if necessary, it is subjected to general purification means such as centrifugation, separation, washing, concentration, drying, distillation, column chromatography, etc. to remove pyrophosphate ester such as TEPP which is an impurity or Reduced phosphonocrotonic acid derivatives can be isolated.
- general purification means such as centrifugation, separation, washing, concentration, drying, distillation, column chromatography, etc. to remove pyrophosphate ester such as TEPP which is an impurity or Reduced phosphonocrotonic acid derivatives can be isolated.
- Step 2 is a step of reacting the phosphonocrotonic acid derivative with the compound represented by the general formula (5) (carbonyl compound).
- Horner-Emmons of the phosphonocrotonic acid derivative and the carbonyl compound A compound (compound having a 3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid residue) represented by the general formula (6) is obtained by the reaction (Horner-Emmons reaction).
- the compound represented by the general formula (5) is not particularly limited as long as it is a carbonyl compound capable of Horner-Emmons reaction.
- This reaction can be carried out according to the conditions of a conventionally known Horner-Emmons reaction.
- the conditions described in Chemical Reviews 1974, 74, 87-99 can be applied, but are not limited thereto.
- the ester group is converted into a carboxyl group by hydrolyzing it.
- a compound having a converted 3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid residue can be obtained.
- a conventionally known method can be applied.
- the compound having a 3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid residue is isolated and purified by centrifugation, liquid separation, washing, concentration, drying, recrystallization, distillation, column chromatography, or a combination thereof. be able to.
- the phosphonocrotonic acid derivative used in Step 2 does not substantially contain a pyrophosphate ester, a compound having a highly pure 3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid residue can be obtained. It can.
- TEMPC obtained in Step 1 is used as the phosphonocrotonic acid derivative
- farnesal is used as the carbonyl compound
- the raw material compounds are (2E, 4E, 6E, 10E) -3, 7, 11, 15 -Tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,10,14-pentaenoic acid can be obtained.
- TEMPC obtained in Step 1 is used as a phosphonocrotonic acid derivative
- ⁇ -ionylideneacetaldehyde is used as a carbonyl compound
- a raw material compound is used
- (2E, 4E, 6E, 8E) -3,7 -Dimethyl-9- (2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl) nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid can be obtained.
- TEMPC obtained in Step 1 as a phosphonocrotonic acid derivative is used as (2E, 4E) -5- (4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl) -3-methylpenta-2,4 as a carbonyl compound.
- a compound having a 3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid residue substantially free of pyrophosphate ester is useful as a raw material for pharmaceutical compositions. Since the said pharmaceutical composition does not contain the pyrophosphate ester which is an impurity substantially, it is excellent in quality.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be prepared in various dosage forms according to known methods described in the 16th revised Japanese Pharmacopoeia, General Rules for Preparation, etc., using appropriate preparation additives.
- various preparations such as oral preparations, oral application preparations, injection preparations and the like can be mentioned.
- the dosage form is not particularly limited.
- tablets orally disintegrating tablets, chewable tablets, dispersible tablets, dissolving tablets; troches, sublingual tablets, buccal tablets, adhesive tablets, gums, etc.
- Including tablets for oral cavity capsules, pills, powders, granules, fine granules, dry syrups, oral jelly, oral solutions (elixirs, suspensions, emulsions, limonades, etc.), syrups, etc.
- oral solutions elixirs, suspensions, emulsions, limonades, etc.
- syrups etc.
- the dosage of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be appropriately selected according to conditions such as the type of disease to be applied, the purpose of prevention or treatment, the age, weight, symptoms, etc. of the patient.
- the dose is, for example, about 10 to 1000 mg as an active ingredient in oral administration.
- the above dose can be administered once to several times per day, but may be administered every several days.
- the tretinoin obtained according to the present invention 60-80 mg per day is preferably orally administered in 3 divided portions.
- etretinate 10 to 75 mg per day is preferably orally administered in 1 to 3 divided doses.
- peretinoin 200 to 1000 mg per day is preferably orally administered in 1 to 3 divided doses.
- the present invention further discloses the following production methods, compounds, and pharmaceutical compositions.
- the manufacturing method including the process process using an acid or a base.
- R 1 is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may be substituted with an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms).
- a straight or branched alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, a straight or branched alkynyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms which may be substituted with an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, or a carbon number an aryl group of 6 to 10, three of R 1 may be the same or different.
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may be substituted with an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms
- R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, or a halogen atom.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are as defined above, and two R 1 may be the same or different.
- ⁇ 4> 3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid wherein the compound represented by the general formula (3) obtained by the production method according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3> is reacted with a carbonyl compound A method for producing a compound having a residue.
- Triethyl-3-methyl-4-phosphonocrotonate is used as the compound represented by the general formula (3), farnesal is used as the carbonyl compound, and 3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid residue is used.
- (2E, 4E, 6E, 10E) -3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,10,14-pentaenoic acid is produced as a compound having the production according to ⁇ 4> above Method.
- ⁇ 6> Using triethyl-3-methyl-4-phosphonocrotonate as the compound represented by the general formula (3) and ⁇ -ionylideneacetaldehyde as the carbonyl compound, respectively, 3-methylpenta-2,4-diene
- a method for producing a compound having a 3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid residue which comprises obtaining a compound represented by the formula (3) and then reacting the compound with a carbonyl compound.
- the acid is any one of the above ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 8>, wherein the pKa is preferably an acid having a pKa of less than 5, more preferably an acid having a value of -5 or more and less than 5, and further preferably an acid having a value of -5 or more and less than 3.
- the manufacturing method as described in one.
- An acid is used as the solution, and the concentration of the acid solution is preferably less than 100% by mass, more preferably less than 90% by mass, still more preferably less than 60% by mass, preferably 1% by mass or more, more
- ⁇ 11> The method according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 10>, wherein the pH of the aqueous solution is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3.
- ⁇ 12> The production method according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 11>, wherein the acid is an inorganic acid.
- ⁇ 13> The production method according to ⁇ 12>, wherein the inorganic acid is sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid.
- ⁇ 14> The production method according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 11>, wherein the acid is an organic acid.
- ⁇ 15> The production method according to ⁇ 14>, wherein the organic acid is acetic acid.
- ⁇ 16> The production method according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 8>, wherein the base has a pKb of preferably 0 to 6, more preferably 2 to 5.
- a base is used as a solution, and the concentration of the base solution is preferably less than 100% by mass, more preferably less than 80% by mass, further preferably less than 50% by mass, more preferably less than 30% by mass, and still more preferably.
- the production method according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 8> and ⁇ 16> which is 10% by mass or less, preferably 1% by mass or more.
- ⁇ 18> The base according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 8>, ⁇ 16>, ⁇ 17>, wherein the pH of the aqueous solution is preferably 8 to 14, more preferably 11 to 12.
- Method. ⁇ 19> The production method according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 8>, ⁇ 16> to ⁇ 18>, wherein the base is an inorganic base.
- the inorganic base is an alkali metal carbonate.
- the alkali metal carbonate is sodium carbonate.
- ⁇ 22> The production method according to ⁇ 19>, wherein the inorganic base is an alkali metal hydrogen carbonate.
- ⁇ 28> The production method according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 8>, ⁇ 16> to ⁇ 18>, wherein the base is an organic base.
- the organic base is triethylamine or 4-dimethylaminopyridine.
- the base is a metal alkoxide.
- the metal alkoxide is sodium methoxide or sodium ethoxide.
- the base is an alkyl metal.
- ⁇ 33> The production method according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 32>, wherein the treatment step is performed in the presence of alcohol.
- ⁇ 34> The production method according to ⁇ 33>, wherein the alcohol is methanol or ethanol.
- the amount of ⁇ 35> alcohol used is preferably 1 to 50% by mass, more preferably 5%, based on the reaction solution after the reaction, the solution of the organic layer after the reaction, or the solution dissolved again in the organic solvent after the isolation.
- the amount of the acid or base used in the treatment step is preferably 1 to 50 mass with respect to the reaction solution after the reaction, the solution of the organic layer after the reaction, or the solution dissolved again in the organic solvent after isolation. %, More preferably 5 to 20% by mass, according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 35> above.
- the temperature in the treatment step is preferably 0 to 100 ° C., more preferably 1 to 90 ° C., further preferably 20 to 80 ° C., and further preferably 40 to 70 ° C.
- the above ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 36> The manufacturing method as described in any one of.
- ⁇ 38> The above ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 37>, wherein the time in the treatment step is preferably 1 to 15 hours, more preferably 3 to 15 hours, still more preferably 3 to 10 hours, and further preferably 3 to 5 hours.
- R a and R b each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic group, except that R a and R b are hydrogen atoms at the same time.
- ⁇ 40> The production method according to ⁇ 39>, wherein R a is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group, and R b is a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group.
- R a is a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group
- R b is a hydrogen atom.
- the carbon number of the alkenyl group is preferably 2 to 32, more preferably 5 to 30.
- R a is a 2-methylbuta-1,3-dienyl group, a 6-methyleneocta-2,7-dien-2-yl group, or a 6-methylocta-2,5,7-trien-2-yl group 6,10,15,19,23-pentamethyltetracosa-2,6,10,14,18,22-hexaen-2-yl group, 2,6,10-trimethylundeca-1,5,9 -Trienyl group, 4- (4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl) -2-methylbuta-1,3-dienyl group, or 4- (2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl)-
- the production method according to any one of ⁇ 39> to ⁇ 42> above, which is a 2-methylbuta-1,3-dienyl group.
- a pharmaceutical comprising (2E, 4E, 6E, 10E) -3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,10,14-pentaenoic acid according to ⁇ 44> above Composition.
- ⁇ Analysis conditions > TEMPC and TEPP purity and TEMPC content were measured by gas chromatography under the following conditions.
- the conditions are as follows.
- Column: Ultra 1 manufactured by Agilent (25 m ⁇ 0.32 mm ID df 0.52 ⁇ L)
- Detector temperature set to 300 ° C
- TEMPC and TEPP purity measurement method A TEMPC / monochlorobenzene solution is used as a sample solution. Analysis was performed on 0.2 ⁇ L of the sample solution under the above-described conditions, and the peak areas of TEMPC and TEPP were measured by the automatic integration method, and determined by the area percentage method.
- TEMPC content measurement method 1.0 g of a TEMPC / monochlorobenzene solution was precisely weighed, and monochlorobenzene was added to make exactly 10 mL to obtain a sample solution.
- TEMPC a reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- 0.1 g, 0.3 g, and 0.5 g were accurately weighed, and monochlorobenzene was added to make exactly 20 mL to obtain a standard solution.
- the sample solution and the standard solution were each analyzed at 1 ⁇ L under the above conditions, and the TEMPC peak area was measured by an automatic integration method and determined by an external standard method.
- TEPP content calculation method The TEPP content was calculated by the following equation.
- TEPP content (g) TEMPC content (g) ⁇ TEPP purity (%)
- Synthesis example 1 (Synthesis of TEMPC) In a 3000 mL four-necked flask equipped with a thermometer and a condenser tube, 440 g of triethyl phosphite was placed and heated to an internal temperature of 110 ° C. using an oil bath. To this, 1500 g of ethyl 4-bromo-3-methylcrotonate / monochlorobenzene solution (GC purity 90%) was added dropwise over 100 minutes. After completion of the dropwise addition, the mixture was reacted at an internal temperature of 110 to 120 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain 1700 g of a TEMPC / monochlorobenzene solution with a GC purity of 81%.
- Example 1 2.5 g (5 wt%) of a 5% aqueous solution of sulfuric acid was added to 50 g of the TEMPC / monochlorobenzene solution obtained in Synthesis Example 1 (TEMPC content: 13 g, TEPP content 0.083 g), and 3% at 25 ° C. Stir for hours. The obtained solution was analyzed by gas chromatography, and the contents of TEMPC and TEPP were measured. Table 1 shows the TEMPC decomposition rate and TEPP removal rate calculated from the respective contents before and after the treatment.
- Example 2 to 29 The obtained solution was analyzed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the type, concentration and treatment temperature of the acid or base were changed as shown in Tables 1 and 2. The results are shown in Table 1 or 2 together with Example 1.
- Example 30 [Synthesis of (2E, 4E, 6E, 10E) -3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,10,14-ethyl pentaenoate] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, sodium ethoxide (4.2 g) was placed in N, N-dimethylformamide (35 mL), cooled to ⁇ 20 ° C., and then treated under the conditions of Example 6 above to produce TEMPC (16. 5 g) of N, N-dimethylformamide (10 mL) was gradually added, and the mixture was stirred at ⁇ 20 ° C. for 20 minutes.
- (2E, 4E, 6E, 10E) -3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2,4,6,10,14-hexadecapentaenoic acid (Wet crude crystal 9) was added to methanol (50 mL) under a nitrogen atmosphere. 0.04 g) was added and heated to 60 ° C. to dissolve. This was filtered and cooled to crystallize. The precipitated crystals were collected by filtration (2E, 4E, 6E, 10E) -3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,10,14-pentaenoic acid (Wet crystal 8.15 g) Got.
- Example 32 Soft capsule (1) A soft capsule containing 75-150 mg of peretinoin can be produced from the peretinoin obtained according to Examples 30 and 31 by the method described in International Publication WO 2004/017958.
- Example 33 Soft capsule (2) Tretinoin obtained according to Examples 30 and 31 was filled with 10 mg of tretinoin, beeswax, hydrogenated oil and soybean oil according to the method according to Example 32. Gelatin, glycerin, titanium oxide, yellow as a coating. A soft capsule containing 10 mg of tretinoin can be produced using ferric sesquioxide, ferric sesquioxide, D-sorbitol, D-mannitol, and hydrogenated oligosaccharide.
- Capsules containing 10 mg of etretinate are prepared by filling No. 4 capsules with a mixture obtained by mixing 10 mg of etretinate obtained according to Examples 30 and 31 and crystalline cellulose, tocopherol, gelatin and dextrin. Can do.
- Example 35 Hard capsule (2) Capsules containing 25 mg of etretinate are prepared by filling No. 2 capsules with a mixture obtained by mixing 25 mg of etretinate obtained according to Examples 30 and 31 and crystalline cellulose, povidone, tocopherol, gelatin and dextrin. can do.
- triethyl-3-methyl-4-phosphonocrotonate having a reduced content of tetraethyl pyrophosphate as an impurity can be produced. Furthermore, pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals and industrial products with excellent quality can be produced using triethyl-3-methyl-4-phosphonocrotonate produced by this production method.
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Abstract
Description
[1]下記一般式(1)で表される化合物と、下記一般式(2)で表される化合物を反応させて、下記一般式(3)で表される化合物を製造する方法であって、酸又は塩基を用いる処理工程を含む、製造方法。
[3]上記一般式(1)で表される化合物と、上記一般式(2)で表される化合物との反応時、又は反応後において酸又は塩基を用いた処理を行うことにより、上記一般式(3)で表される化合物を得、次いで該化合物を、カルボニル化合物と反応させる、3-メチルペンタ-2,4-ジエン酸残基を有する化合物の製造方法。
[4]実質的にピロりん酸テトラエチルを含有しない、(2E,4E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-テトラメチルヘキサデカ-2,4,6,10,14-ペンタエン酸。
[5]上記[4]に記載の(2E,4E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-テトラメチルヘキサデカ-2,4,6,10,14-ペンタエン酸を含有する、医薬組成物。
本発明の製造方法は、下記のスキーム2に示すことができる。
炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基としては、例えば、メトキシ基、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基、イソプロポキシ基、ブトキシ基等が挙げられる。これらのうち、メトキシ基、エトキシ基が好ましい。また、炭素数1~6のアルキル基は、直鎖でも分岐鎖でもよく、具体例としては、前述と同様のものを挙げることができる。
アルキル基としては、炭素数1~30、更に1~25、更に1~20のアルキル基が好ましく、具体的には、前述の具体例の他、デシル基、ウンデシル基、1-メチルデシル基、ペンタデシル基、オクタデシル基等を挙げることができる。
また、アルケニル基としては、炭素数2~32、更に5~30のアルケニル基が好ましく、具体的には、前述の具体例の他、オクタ-2-エン-1-イル基、デカ-2-エン-1-イル基、2-メチルブタ-1,3-ジエニル基、6-メチレンオクタ-2,7-ジエン-2-イル基、6-メチルオクタ-2,5,7-トリエン-2-イル基、6,10,15,19,23-ペンタメチルテトラコサ-2,6,10,14,18,22-ヘキサエン-2-イル、2,6,10-トリメチルウンデカ-1,5,9-トリエニル基等を挙げることができる。当該アルケニル基は、アリール基又は後述する脂環式炭化水素基で置換されていてもよく、例えば、アリール置換アルケニル基として、4-(4-メトキシ-2,3,6-トリメチルフェニル)-2-メチルブタ-1,3-ジエニル基等を、また脂環式炭化水素置換アルケニル基として、4-(2,6,6-トリメチル-1-シクロヘキセニル)-2-メチルブタ-1,3-ジエニル基等を、それぞれ挙げることができる。
更に、アルキニル基としては、炭素数2~30、更に2~25、更に2~20のアルキニル基が好ましく、具体的には、前述の具体例の他、オクタ-2-イン-1-イル基、デカ-2-イン-1-イル基等を挙げることができる。
アリール基としては、炭素数6~20、更に6~10のアリール基がより好ましい。具体例としては、前述と同様のものを挙げることができる。
スキーム2において、ステップ1は一般式(1)で表される化合物(以下、「化合物(1)」とも称する)と、一般式(2)で表される化合物(以下、「化合物(2)」とも称する)とを反応させる工程であるが、化合物(1)による化合物(2)へのSN2反応により、一般式(3)で表される化合物(ホスホノクロトン酸誘導体)を得るものである。
当該処理工程は、具体的には、以下の(A)及び(B)のいずれか1以上であるのが好ましい。
(A)酸又は塩基の存在下、化合物(1)と化合物(2)とを反応させる工程。
(B)化合物(1)と化合物(2)の反応後、酸又は塩基を用いた処理を行う工程。
これにより、TEPPに代表される上記一般式(4)で表わされる化合物(ピロりん酸エステル)の含有量を低減することができる。
処理工程で使用する酸としては、pKaが5未満の酸が好ましく、-5以上5未満の酸がより好ましく、-5以上3未満の酸が更に好ましい。中でも、硫酸、硝酸、リン酸、酢酸、トリフルオロ酢酸、シュウ酸が好ましく、硫酸が更に好ましい。ここで、本明細書において「pKa」とは25℃における酸解離定数をいい、多価の酸の場合は第1酸解離定数である。なお、酸のpKa値は、文献等に記載の数値を参照することができる。
本発明においては、酸として固体酸を使用してもよく、例えば、酸型イオン交換樹脂、活性白土、シリカ-アルミナ等が挙げられる。酸型イオン交換樹脂として、Dowex(ダウ・ケミカル社製)、Nafion(デュポン社製)、DIAION(三菱化学社製)等の市販品を使用することができる。
また、酸は、水溶液を始めとする溶液として使用してもよい。溶液として使用する場合の酸溶液の濃度は、上限が100質量%未満、更に90質量%未満、更に60質量%未満が好ましく、他方下限は、1質量%、更に3質量%、更に5質量%が好ましい。酸溶液の濃度範囲としては、1質量%以上100質量%未満が好ましく、3質量%以上90質量%未満がより好ましく、5質量%以上60質量%未満が更に好ましい。本発明の処理工程に用いる酸の水溶液のpH(25℃)は、特に限定されないが、pH1~5が好ましく、pH1~3がより好ましい。
無機塩基としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、アンモニア(pKb=4.64)、水酸化アルカリ金属、水素化アルカリ金属、炭酸アルカリ金属、炭酸水素アルカリ金属、リン酸水素アルカリ金属、アルカリ金属を用いることができる。水酸化アルカリ金属としては、例えば、水酸化リチウム、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウムなどが好ましい。水素化アルカリ金属としては、例えば、水素化リチウム、水素化ナトリウム(pKb=0.2)、水素化カリウムなどが好ましい。炭酸アルカリ金属としては、例えば、炭酸リチウム、炭酸ナトリウム(pKb=3.67)、炭酸カリウム、炭酸セシウムなどが好ましい。炭酸水素アルカリ金属としては、例えば、炭酸水素ナトリウム(pKb=3.67)、炭酸水素カリウム、炭酸水素セシウムなどが好ましい。リン酸水素アルカリ金属としては、例えば、リン酸水素二ナトリウム、リン酸水素二ナトリウム(pKb=1.60)、リン酸水素二カリウム、リン酸二水素カリウムなどが好ましい。アルカリ金属としては、例えば、金属リチウム、金属ナトリウム、金属カリウムなどが好ましい。
スキーム2において、ステップ2は、ホスホノクロトン酸誘導体と一般式(5)で表される化合物(カルボニル化合物)とを反応させる工程であるが、ホスホノクロトン酸誘導体とカルボニル化合物とのホーナー-エモンズ反応(Horner-Emmons反応)により、一般式(6)で表される化合物(3-メチルペンタ-2,4-ジエン酸残基を有する化合物)を得るものである。なお、一般式(5)で表わされる化合物は、Horner-Emmons反応が可能なカルボニル化合物であれば、特に限定されないが、例えば、ファルネサール、β-イオニリデンアセトアルデヒド、(2E,4E)-5-(4-メトキシ-2,3,6-トリメチルフェニル)-3-メチルペンタ-2,4-ジエナール等を挙げることができる。
こうして得られる3-メチルペンタ-2,4-ジエン酸残基を有する化合物は、不純物であるピロりん酸エステルを実質的に含有せず高純度であるため、品質的に優れている。
例えば、本発明により得られるトレチノインを用いる場合、一日あたり60~80mgを3回に分けて経口投与することが好ましい。また、エトレチナートを用いる場合、一日あたり10~75mgを1~3回に分けて経口投与することが好ましい。ペレチノインを用いる場合、一日あたり200~1000mgを1~3回に分けて経口投与することが好ましい。
<1> 下記一般式(1)で表される化合物と、下記一般式(2)で表される化合物を反応させて、下記一般式(3)で表される化合物を製造する方法であって、酸又は塩基を用いる処理工程を含む、製造方法。
(A)酸又は塩基の存在下、一般式(1)で表される化合物と一般式(2)で表される化合物とを反応させる工程。
(B)一般式(1)で表される化合物と一般式(2)で表される化合物の反応後、酸又は塩基で処理する工程。
<3> 一般式(1)で表わされる化合物として亜りん酸トリエチルを、一般式(2)で表される化合物として4-ブロモ-3-メチルクロトン酸エチルを、それぞれ使用し、一般式(3)で表わされる化合物としてトリエチル-3-メチル-4-ホスホノクロトネートを製造する、上記<1>又は<2>に記載の製造方法。
<5> 一般式(3)で表わされる化合物としてトリエチル-3-メチル-4-ホスホノクロトネートを、カルボニル化合物としてファルネサールを、それぞれ使用し、3-メチルペンタ-2,4-ジエン酸残基を有する化合物として(2E,4E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-テトラメチルヘキサデカ-2,4,6,10,14-ペンタエン酸を製造する、上記<4>に記載の製造方法。
<6> 一般式(3)で表わされる化合物としてトリエチル-3-メチル-4-ホスホノクロトネートを、カルボニル化合物としてβ-イオニリデンアセトアルデヒドを、それぞれ使用し、3-メチルペンタ-2,4-ジエン酸残基を有する化合物として(2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-ジメチル-9-(2,6,6-トリメチル-1-シクロヘキセン-1-イル)ノナ-2,4,6,8-テトラエン酸を製造する、上記<4>に記載の製造方法。
<7> 一般式(3)で表わされる化合物としてトリエチル-3-メチル-4-ホスホノクロトネートを、カルボニル化合物として(2E,4E)-5-(4-メトキシ-2,3,6-トリメチルフェニル)-3-メチルペンタ-2,4-ジエナールを、それぞれ使用し、3-メチルペンタ-2,4-ジエン酸残基を有する化合物として(2E,4E,6E,8E)-9-(4-メトキシ-2,3,6-トリメチルフェニル)-3,7-ジメチルノナ-2,4,6,8-テトラエン酸エチルを製造する、上記<4>に記載の製造方法。
<10>酸を溶液として使用し、酸溶液の濃度が、好ましくは100質量%未満、より好ましくは90質量%未満、更に好ましくは60質量%未満であって、好ましくは1質量%以上、より好ましくは3質量%以上、更に好ましくは5質量%以上である、上記<1>ないし<9>のいずれか一に記載の製造方法。
<11>酸は、水溶液のpHが、好ましくは1~5、より好ましくは1~3である、上記<1>ないし<10>のいずれか一に記載の製造方法。
<12>酸が無機酸である、上記<1>ないし<11>のいずれか一に記載の製造方法。
<13>無機酸が硫酸又はリン酸である、上記<12>に記載の製造方法。
<14>酸が有機酸である、上記<1>ないし<11>のいずれか一に記載の製造方法。
<15>有機酸が酢酸である、上記<14>に記載の製造方法。
<17>塩基を溶液として使用し、塩基溶液の濃度が、好ましくは100質量%未満、より好ましくは80質量%未満、更に好ましくは50質量%未満、更に好ましくは30質量%未満、更に好ましくは10質量%以下であって、好ましくは1質量%以上である、上記<1>ないし<8>、<16>のいずれか一に記載の製造方法。
<18>塩基は、水溶液のpHが、好ましくは8~14、より好ましくは11~12である、上記<1>ないし<8>、<16>、<17>のいずれか一に記載の製造方法。
<19>塩基が無機塩基である、上記<1>ないし<8>、<16>ないし<18>のいずれか一に記載の製造方法。
<20>無機塩基が炭酸アルカリ金属である、上記<19>に記載の製造方法。
<21>炭酸アルカリ金属が炭酸ナトリウムである、上記<20>に記載の製造方法。
<22>無機塩基が炭酸水素アルカリ金属である、上記<19>に記載の製造方法。
<23>炭酸水素アルカリ金属が炭酸水素ナトリウムである、上記<22>に記載の製造方法。
<24>無機塩基が水酸化アルカリ金属である、上記<19>に記載の製造方法。
<25>水酸化アルカリ金属が水酸化ナトリウムである、上記<24>に記載の製造方法。
<26>無機塩基がリン酸水素アルカリ金属である、上記<19>に記載の製造方法。
<27>リン酸水素アルカリ金属がリン酸水素二ナトリウムである、上記<26>に記載の製造方法。
<28>塩基が有機塩基である、上記<1>ないし<8>、<16>ないし<18>のいずれか一に記載の製造方法。
<29>有機塩基がトリエチルアミン又は4-ジメチルアミノピリジンである、上記<28>に記載の製造方法。
<30>塩基が金属アルコキシドである、上記<1>ないし<8>、<16>ないし<18>のいずれか一に記載の製造方法。
<31>金属アルコキシドがナトリウムメトキシド又はナトリウムエトキシドである、上記<30>に記載の製造方法。
<32>塩基がアルキル金属である、上記<1>ないし<8>、<16>ないし<18>のいずれか一に記載の製造方法。
<34>アルコールがメタノール又はエタノールである、上記<33>に記載の製造方法。
<35>アルコールの使用量が、反応後の反応液、反応後の有機層の溶液、又は単離後有機溶媒に再度溶解した溶液に対して、好ましくは1~50質量%、より好ましくは5~20質量%、更に好ましくは8~15質量%である、上記<33>又は<34>に記載の製造方法。
<36>処理工程で用いる酸又は塩基の添加量が、反応後の反応液、反応後の有機層の溶液、又は単離後有機溶媒に再度溶解した溶液に対して、好ましくは1~50質量%、より好ましくは5~20質量%である、上記<1>ないし<35>のいずれか一に記載の製造方法。
<37>処理工程における温度が、好ましくは0~100℃、より好ましくは1~90℃、更に好ましくは20~80℃、更に好ましくは40~70℃である、上記<1>ないし<36>のいずれか一に記載の製造方法。
<38>処理工程における時間が、好ましくは1~15時間、より好ましくは3~15時間、更に好ましくは3~10時間、更に好ましくは3~5時間である、上記<1>ないし<37>のいずれか一に記載の製造方法。
<41>Raが置換若しくは非置換のアルケニル基であり、Rbが水素原子である、上記<39>又は<40>に記載の製造方法。
<42>アルケニル基の炭素数が、好ましくは2~32、より好ましくは5~30である、上記<41>に記載の製造方法。
<43>Raが、2-メチルブタ-1,3-ジエニル基、6-メチレンオクタ-2,7-ジエン-2-イル基、6-メチルオクタ-2,5,7-トリエン-2-イル基、6,10,15,19,23-ペンタメチルテトラコサ-2,6,10,14,18,22-ヘキサエン-2-イル基、2,6,10-トリメチルウンデカ-1,5,9-トリエニル基、4-(4-メトキシ-2,3,6-トリメチルフェニル)-2-メチルブタ-1,3-ジエニル基、又は4-(2,6,6-トリメチル-1-シクロヘキセニル)-2-メチルブタ-1,3-ジエニル基である、上記<39>ないし<42>のいずれか一に記載の製造方法。
<45>上記<44>に記載の(2E,4E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-テトラメチルヘキサデカ-2,4,6,10,14-ペンタエン酸を含有する、医薬組成物。
<46>剤形が錠剤、カプセル剤、丸剤、散剤、顆粒剤、細粒剤、ドライシロップ剤、経口ゼリー剤、経口液剤又はシロップ剤である、上記<45>に記載の医薬組成物。
TEMPC及びTEPP純度、TEMPC含有量はガスクロマトグラフィーを用い、以下の条件によって測定した。条件は以下の通りである。
装置 :島津製作所製GC-2010
検出器:水素化イオン化検出器
カラム:Agilent製Ultra1(25m×0.32mmI.D. df=0.52μL)
カラム温度:150℃から毎分10℃で280℃まで昇温し、280℃で2分間保持
注入口温度:300℃に設定
検出器温度:300℃に設定
TEMPC/モノクロロベンゼン溶液を試料溶液とする。試料溶液0.2μLにつき上記の条件で分析を行い、TEMPC及びTEPPのピーク面積を自動積分法により測定し、面積百分率法により求めた。
TEMPC/モノクロロベンゼン溶液1.0gを精密に量り、モノクロロベンゼンを加えて正確に10mLとし、試料溶液とした。TEMPC(和光純薬工業(株)社製試薬)0.1g、0.3g、0.5gを精密に量り、モノクロロベンゼンを加えて正確に20mLとし、標準溶液とした。試料溶液及び標準溶液各々1μLにつき上記の条件で分析を行い、TEMPCのピーク面積を自動積分法により測定し、外部標準法により求めた。
TEPP含有量は以下の式により算出した。
TEPP含有量(g)=TEMPC含有量(g)×TEPP純度(%)
(TEMPCの合成)
温度計及び冷却管を備えた3000mLの四つ口フラスコに亜りん酸トリエチル440gを入れ、オイルバスを用いて内温110℃まで加熱した。ここに4-ブロモ-3-メチルクロトン酸エチル/モノクロロベンゼン溶液1500g(GC純度90%)を100分かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、内温110~120℃で3時間反応させることにより、TEMPC/モノクロロベンゼン溶液1700gをGC純度81%で得た。
合成例1により得られたTEMPC/モノクロロベンゼン溶液50g(TEMPC含有量:13g、TEPP含有量0.083g)に対して硫酸の5%水溶液を2.5g(5重量%)加え、25℃で3時間撹拌を行った。得られた溶液をガスクロマトグラフィーにて分析し、TEMPC及びTEPPの含有量を測定した。処理前後での各含有量より算出したTEMPC分解率及びTEPP除去率を表1に示す。
酸又は塩基の種類、濃度及び処理温度を表1~2に示すように変更した以外は実施例1と同様の操作を行い、得られた溶液について分析を行った。その結果を実施例1と併せて表1又は2に示す。
酸又は塩基の代わりに水を用いて処理したこと以外は実施例1と同様の操作を行い、得られた溶液について分析を行った。その結果を表2に示す。
合成例1により得られたTEMPC/モノクロロベンゼン溶液195g(TEMPC含有量:53g、TEPP含有量0.1g)を単蒸留して精製した(温度:145℃、圧力:0.01kPa)。精製したTEMPCについて分析を行った結果、TEPP除去率は10%であった。また、TEMPCの回収率は43%であった。
〔(2E,4E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-テトラメチルヘキサデカ-2,4,6,10,14-ペンタエン酸エチルの合成〕
窒素雰囲気下、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(35mL)にナトリウムエトキシド(4.2g)を入れ、-20℃に冷却したのちに、上記実施例6の条件で処理して製造したTEMPC(16.5g)のN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(10mL)溶液を徐々に加え、-20℃で20分撹拌した。これにファルネサール(11.5g)のN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(10mL)溶液を加え、同温で10分間撹拌した。反応後、反応液を0℃に冷却した10%塩化アンモニウム溶液(50mL)に滴下し、n-ヘプタンで抽出した。有機層をメタノール10mL/水3mL、メタノール10mL/水3mLで洗浄し、さらに、10質量%食塩水(15mL)で2回洗浄した。有機層を減圧濃縮し、(2E,4E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-テトラメチルヘキサデカ-2,4,6,10,14-ペンタエン酸エチル17.0gを得た。
〔(2E,4E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-テトラメチルヘキサデカ-2,4,6,10,14-ペンタエン酸の合成〕
窒素雰囲気下、2-プロパノール(40mL)に水酸化カリウム(4.30g)を溶解し、70℃に昇温して(2E,4E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-テトラメチル-2,4,6,10,14-ヘキサデカペンタエン酸エチル(17.0g)/2-プロパノール(30mL)を滴下した。15分後、反応液を0℃まで冷却し、冷水(70mL)に注入した。n-ヘプタン(40mLと25mL)で順次洗浄し、水層を希塩酸(26mL)でpHを調整したのち、トルエン(50mL)を加えて抽出し、有機層を5質量%食塩水(50mL×2回)で洗浄し、減圧濃縮した。トルエンの留出が収まったらメタノール(20mL)を加えて減圧濃縮、さらにメタノール(25mL)を加えて溶解し、冷却して結晶化した。一旦、内温を56℃まで昇温したのち、再度0℃まで冷却して結晶化し、ろ取して(2E,4E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-テトラメチルヘキサデカ-2,4,6,10,14-ペンタエン酸のWet粗晶(9.07g,Dry換算8.80g)を得た。
軟カプセル剤(1)
実施例30及び31に準じて得られるペレチノインを、国際公開WO2004/017958号パンフレットに記載の方法によって、ペレチノイン75~150mgを含有する軟カプセル剤を製することができる。
軟カプセル剤(2)
実施例30及び31に準じて得られるトレチノインを、実施例32に準じた方法により、トレチノイン10mg、ミツロウ、硬化油及びダイズ油を内容充填物とし、剤皮として、ゼラチン、グリセリン、酸化チタン、黄色三二酸化鉄、三二酸化鉄、D-ソルビトール、D-マンニトール、水素添加オリゴ糖を用いて、トレチノイン10mgを含有する軟カプセル剤を製することができる。
硬カプセル剤(1)
実施例30及び31に準じて得られるエトレチナート10mgと、結晶セルロース、トコフェロール、ゼラチン及びデキストリンと混合して得る混合物を、4号カプセルに充填することにより、エトレチナート10mgを含有するカプセル剤を製することができる。
硬カプセル剤(2)
実施例30及び31に準じて得られるエトレチナート25mgと、結晶セルロース、ポビドン、トコフェロール、ゼラチン及びデキストリンと混合して得る混合物を、2号カプセルに充填することにより、エトレチナート25mgを含有するカプセル剤を製することができる。
Claims (33)
- 下記一般式(1):
で表される化合物と、下記一般式(2):
で表される化合物を反応させて、下記一般式(3):
で表される化合物を製造する方法であって、
酸又は塩基を用いる処理工程を含む、製造方法。 - 処理工程が以下の(A)及び(B)のいずれか1以上である、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
(A)酸又は塩基の存在下、一般式(1)で表される化合物と一般式(2)で表される化合物とを反応させる工程
(B)一般式(1)で表される化合物と一般式(2)で表される化合物の反応後、酸又は塩基を用いた処理を行う工程 - 一般式(1)で表わされる化合物として亜りん酸トリエチルを、一般式(2)で表される化合物として4-ブロモ-3-メチルクロトン酸エチルを、それぞれ使用し、一般式(3)で表わされる化合物としてトリエチル-3-メチル-4-ホスホノクロトネートを製造する、請求項1又は2に記載の製造方法。
- 請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法により得られる一般式(3)で表わされる化合物を、カルボニル化合物と反応させる、3-メチルペンタ-2,4-ジエン酸残基を有する化合物の製造方法。
- 一般式(3)で表わされる化合物としてトリエチル-3-メチル-4-ホスホノクロトネートを、カルボニル化合物としてファルネサールを、それぞれ使用し、3-メチルペンタ-2,4-ジエン酸残基を有する化合物として(2E,4E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-テトラメチルヘキサデカ-2,4,6,10,14-ペンタエン酸を製造する、請求項4に記載の製造方法。
- 一般式(3)で表わされる化合物としてトリエチル-3-メチル-4-ホスホノクロトネートを、カルボニル化合物としてβ-イオニリデンアセトアルデヒドを、それぞれ使用し、3-メチルペンタ-2,4-ジエン酸残基を有する化合物として(2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-ジメチル-9-(2,6,6-トリメチル-1-シクロヘキセン-1-イル)ノナ-2,4,6,8-テトラエン酸を製造する、請求項4に記載の製造方法。
- 一般式(3)で表わされる化合物としてトリエチル-3-メチル-4-ホスホノクロトネートを、カルボニル化合物として(2E,4E)-5-(4-メトキシ-2,3,6-トリメチルフェニル)-3-メチルペンタ-2,4-ジエナールを、それぞれ使用し、3-メチルペンタ-2,4-ジエン酸残基を有する化合物として(2E,4E,6E,8E)-9-(4-メトキシ-2,3,6-トリメチルフェニル)-3,7-ジメチルノナ-2,4,6,8-テトラエン酸エチルを製造する、請求項4に記載の製造方法。
- 下記一般式(1):
で表される化合物と、下記一般式(2):
で表される化合物との反応時、又は反応後において酸又は塩基を用いた処理を行うことにより下記一般式(3):
で表される化合物を得、次いで該化合物を、カルボニル化合物と反応させる、3-メチルペンタ-2,4-ジエン酸残基を有する化合物の製造方法。 - 酸が無機酸である、請求項1ないし8のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 無機酸が硫酸又はリン酸である、請求項9に記載の製造方法。
- 酸が有機酸である、請求項1ないし8のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 有機酸が酢酸である、請求項11に記載の製造方法。
- 塩基が無機塩基である、請求項1ないし8のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 無機塩基が炭酸アルカリ金属である、請求項13に記載の製造方法。
- 炭酸アルカリ金属が炭酸ナトリウムである、請求項14に記載の製造方法。
- 無機塩基が炭酸水素アルカリ金属である、請求項13に記載の製造方法。
- 炭酸水素アルカリ金属が炭酸水素ナトリウムである、請求項16に記載の製造方法。
- 無機塩基が水酸化アルカリ金属である、請求項13に記載の製造方法。
- 水酸化アルカリ金属が水酸化ナトリウムである、請求項18に記載の製造方法。
- 無機塩基がリン酸水素アルカリ金属である、請求項13に記載の製造方法。
- リン酸水素アルカリ金属がリン酸水素二ナトリウムである、請求項20に記載の製造方法。
- 塩基が有機塩基である、請求項1ないし8のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 有機塩基がトリエチルアミン又は4-ジメチルアミノピリジンである、請求項22に記載の製造方法。
- 塩基が金属アルコキシドである、請求項1ないし8のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 金属アルコキシドがナトリウムメトキシド又はナトリウムエトキシドである、請求項24に記載の製造方法。
- 塩基がアルキル金属である、請求項1ないし8のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 処理工程をアルコールの存在下で行なう、請求項1ないし8のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- アルコールがメタノール又はエタノールである、請求項27に記載の製造方法。
- Raが置換若しくは非置換の脂肪族炭化水素基であり、Rbが水素原子又は置換若しくは非置換の脂肪族炭化水素基である、請求項29に記載の製造方法。
- 実質的にピロりん酸テトラエチルを含有しない、(2E,4E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-テトラメチルヘキサデカ-2,4,6,10,14-ペンタエン酸。
- 請求項31に記載の(2E,4E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-テトラメチルヘキサデカ-2,4,6,10,14-ペンタエン酸を含有する、医薬組成物。
- 剤形が錠剤、カプセル剤、丸剤、散剤、顆粒剤、細粒剤、ドライシロップ剤、経口ゼリー剤、経口液剤又はシロップ剤である、請求項32に記載の医薬組成物。
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