WO2012133800A1 - セラミックヒータ - Google Patents
セラミックヒータ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012133800A1 WO2012133800A1 PCT/JP2012/058632 JP2012058632W WO2012133800A1 WO 2012133800 A1 WO2012133800 A1 WO 2012133800A1 JP 2012058632 W JP2012058632 W JP 2012058632W WO 2012133800 A1 WO2012133800 A1 WO 2012133800A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ceramic
- heating resistor
- mixed layer
- ceramic heater
- sample
- Prior art date
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 112
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 48
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000283153 Cetacea Species 0.000 description 1
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/16—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being mounted on an insulating base
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
- H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a ceramic heater used in a hair iron, a heater for water heating, an oxygen sensor, an air-fuel ratio sensor, a glow plug, a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus, and the like.
- a ceramic heater for heating an object to be heated mainly has a structure in which a heating resistor of a refractory metal such as tungsten is provided as a pattern in a ceramic sintered body mainly composed of alumina in order to improve durability. (See, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the heating resistor is formed in a linear or plate shape, and generates Joule heat when energized.
- the heat generated in the heating resistor is conducted through the ceramic sintered body and increases the surface temperature of the ceramic sintered body.
- the ceramic heater It is necessary to control the ceramic heater so that the surface temperature of the ceramic sintered body becomes a predetermined temperature.
- the surface temperature of the ceramic sintered body can be controlled by changing the value of the current that flows through the heating resistor. If the current value is increased, the amount of heat generated increases and the surface temperature increases, and if the current value is decreased, the amount of heat generated decreases and the surface temperature decreases.
- Ceramic heaters are used in various fields, and it is highly possible to place electronic devices around ceramic heaters.
- the heating resistor When the heating resistor is energized in order to generate heat in the ceramic heater, a high frequency component generated in the heating resistor is radiated from the ceramic heater, and there is a possibility of affecting the electronic device disposed in the periphery.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a ceramic heater in which noise emission is suppressed and the influence on peripheral electronic devices is small.
- the present invention comprises a ceramic substrate, A heating resistor provided in the ceramic substrate and generating heat when energized; A ceramic heater provided in the ceramic substrate and having a mixed layer in which a ceramic material and a metal material are mixed.
- the ceramic base is provided with a heating resistor that generates heat when energized and a mixed layer in which a ceramic material and a metal material are mixed.
- 1 is a partially transparent perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a ceramic heater 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a ceramic heater 1. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the ceramic heater 10 which is 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the ceramic heater 11 which is 3rd Embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 1 is a partially transparent perspective view schematically showing the configuration of the ceramic heater 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the ceramic heater 1.
- the ceramic heater 1 of this embodiment includes a ceramic base 4, a mixed layer 2 embedded in the ceramic base 4, and a heating resistor 3.
- the ceramic substrate 4 is formed in a rod shape (cylindrical shape) by a plurality of ceramic layers 4a and 4b.
- the ceramic layer 4b which is the central layer, has a rod shape (columnar shape), and the ceramic layer 4a is disposed so as to surround the outer periphery of the ceramic layer 4b.
- a mixed layer 2 in which a ceramic material and a metal material are mixed is provided between the ceramic layer 4a and the ceramic layer 4b. Between the ceramic layer 4b and the mixed layer 2, there is also provided a heating resistor 3 that generates heat when energized.
- a lead part 6 is electrically connected to the end of the heating resistor 3, and a pad part 7 provided on the outer surface of the ceramic substrate 4 is connected to the lead part 6.
- a power supply wiring 8 is connected to the pad portion 7 via a brazing material. The power supply wiring 8 is connected to a power supply device (not shown) for energizing the heating resistor 3.
- the heat generating resistor 3 is made of, for example, a metal material that can be fired simultaneously with the ceramic layers 4a and 4b, and has a main surface facing the heating surface of the ceramic base 4 and a side surface adjacent to the main surface.
- the metal material that can be co-fired one or more of tungsten, molybdenum, and rhenium can be used.
- the heating resistor 3 is provided in a predetermined region between the ceramic layer 4a and the ceramic layer 4b, that is, a region to be heated, for example, in a flat plate shape or a linear shape having a rectangular cross section.
- the heating resistor 3 is provided in a linear shape, it is provided in a shape such as a meander shape, a spiral shape, or a wave shape.
- the line width of the heating resistor 3 is, for example, 0.1 to 5 mm, and the thickness is 0.01 to 1 mm.
- the ceramic substrate 4 is made of a ceramic material such as alumina, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, or silicon carbide.
- the heat generated in the heating resistor 3 is conducted in the ceramic base 4 and the outer surface of the ceramic base 4 is heated.
- the mixed layer 2 is formed by mixing a ceramic material and a metal material.
- the ceramic material constituting the mixed layer 2 may be the same type as the ceramic material used for the ceramic substrate 4, and may be the same as or different from the ceramic material of the ceramic substrate 4.
- the metal material constituting the mixed layer 2 can be the same as the metal material used for the heating resistor 3, and may be the same as or different from the metal material used for the heating resistor 3. Good.
- rhenium is preferable. Rhenium has excellent oxidation resistance, and the use of rhenium improves the energizable time.
- the mixed layer 2 is provided over the entire region of the heating resistor 3 in the longitudinal direction.
- the thickness of the mixed layer 2 is, for example, 0.01 to 0.5 mm.
- the lead portion 6 is provided between the ceramic layer 4a and the ceramic layer 4b, which are the same as the heating resistor 3.
- the lead portion 6 is an inner layer wiring made of the same metal material as the heating resistor 3.
- a via conductor 6a penetrating the ceramic layer 4a in the thickness direction to the outer surface is provided.
- the outer diameter is, for example, 1 to 30 mm
- the length in the axial direction is, for example, 5 to 200 mm.
- the overall size is, for example, 5 to 200 mm square.
- the thickness is, for example, 1 to 30 mm.
- Such noise due to high-frequency components is radio noise that becomes a problem in a frequency band (150 kHz to 1 GHz) that generally causes electromagnetic interference.
- This noise is roughly classified into conductive noise transmitted through power supply wiring and the like and radioactive noise radiated toward the space.
- the high frequency component generated in the heating resistor 3 at the start of the temperature raising operation is attenuated by the mixed layer 2.
- the mixed layer 2 By being attenuated, radiation of high-frequency components from the ceramic heater 1 to the outside is suppressed, and the influence on the electronic device disposed around the ceramic heater can be reduced.
- the mixed layer 2 of the present embodiment is provided on one main surface side of the heating resistor 3 facing the heating surface of the ceramic substrate 4, and high frequency components generated from this main surface can be attenuated by the mixed layer 2.
- the ceramic base 4 is rod-shaped
- the pattern of the heating resistor 3 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rod-shaped ceramic layer 4b (ceramic core material)
- the ceramic layer 4a is provided on the outside thereof. It becomes the composition.
- the heating surface of the ceramic substrate 4 is the outer surface of the ceramic substrate 4, and the radius is different from the one main surface side of the heating resistor 3 facing the heating surface of the ceramic substrate 4. It means the main surface side outside the direction.
- the heating surface of the ceramic substrate 4 refers to the outer surface on the side to be heated.
- the heating resistor 3 is disposed at a position close to the heating surface of the ceramic substrate 4, one main surface side of the heating resistor 3 facing the heating surface of the ceramic substrate 4 is on the outer surface of the ceramic substrate 4. It means the near main surface side.
- the mixed layer 2 is more than the ceramic base 4 by the amount of the mixed metal material. High thermal conductivity.
- the temperature distribution on the main surface must be uniform.
- the surface temperature of the main surface is high along the arrangement of the heating resistors and is low in other portions, so that the temperature distribution is likely to vary.
- the ceramic heater 1 by providing the mixed layer 2 having a high thermal conductivity, a region that conducts heat from the heating resistor 3 of the generation source becomes wide, and the uniformity of the surface temperature distribution is improved.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the ceramic heater 10 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the ceramic heater 10 of the present embodiment is different from the mixed layer 2 of the first embodiment only in the configuration of the mixed layer 2a. Therefore, the other components are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment and description thereof is omitted. To do.
- the mixed layer 2 a is provided so as to cover the side surface in addition to the one main surface of the heating resistor 3.
- high-frequency components that cause noise are also generated from the side surface.
- the mixed layer 2a since the mixed layer 2a also covers the side surface of the heating resistor 3, the high-frequency component radiated from the heating resistor 3 can be further attenuated, and the influence on the electronic device disposed around the ceramic heater is exerted. It can be further reduced.
- the region where the mixed layer 2a is provided is wider than the mixed layer 2 of the first embodiment, the region that conducts heat from the heating resistor 3 of the generation source is further widened, and the uniformity of the surface temperature distribution is further improved. To do.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the ceramic heater 11 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the ceramic heater 11 of the present embodiment is different from the mixed layer 2 of the first embodiment only in the configuration of the mixed layer 2b, the other components are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment and description thereof is omitted. To do.
- the mixed layer 2b is provided on one main surface of the heating resistor 3 so as to cover the entire heating resistor 3 including the side surface and the other main surface.
- a high-frequency component that causes noise is generated from the entire heating resistor 3.
- the mixed layer 2b covers the entire heating resistor 3, the high-frequency component radiated from the heating resistor 3 can be further attenuated, and the influence on the electronic device disposed around the ceramic heater is exerted. It can be further reduced.
- the region where the mixed layer 2b is provided is wider than the mixed layers 2 and 2a of the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the region that conducts heat from the heating resistor 3 of the generation source is further widened, and the surface temperature is reduced. Distribution uniformity is further improved.
- the heating resistor of the ceramic heater When the heating resistor of the ceramic heater is energized with a direct current voltage and continuously energized or cycled, ion migration occurs, and the metal material and oxygen ions contained in the ceramic material of the heating resistor move. There is a possibility that the heating resistor is disconnected. Therefore, in the ceramic heater, the energization time is limited to such an extent that ion migration does not occur.
- the ceramic base 4 is a columnar shape formed by combining half ceramic layers in which the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the axial direction is a semicircular shape. This is an effective form when the heating resistor 3 is disposed between them.
- Another embodiment of the present invention is characterized by the distribution of the metal material in the mixed layer in addition to the configurations of the first to third embodiments.
- the mixed layer 2 of the first embodiment will be described, but the same applies to the mixed layer 2a and the mixed layer 2b of the second and third embodiments.
- the mixed layer 2 is configured such that the mixing ratio of the contained metal material decreases as the distance from the heating resistor 3 increases. That is, the ratio of the metal material is large in the region close to the heating resistor 3, and the ratio of the metal material is small in the region separated from the heating resistor 3.
- the mixing amount of the metal material in the region with the smallest ratio relative to the mixing amount of the metal material in the region with the largest ratio is 1/5 to 1/20.
- the thermal expansion coefficient of the mixed layer 2 is smaller than that of the heating resistor 3 and larger than that of the ceramic layers 4a and 4b, even if the metal material is evenly distributed in the mixed layer 2, the occurrence of microcracks is suppressed to some extent. can do.
- the thermal expansion coefficient of the mixed layer 2 is reduced from the heating resistor 3 to the ceramic layers 4a and 4b by decreasing the mixing ratio of the metal material contained in the mixed layer 2 as the distance from the heating resistor 3 increases. The occurrence of microcracks can be further suppressed.
- Still another embodiment of the present invention is characterized by the thickness of the mixed layer in addition to the configurations of the second and third embodiments.
- the mixed layer 2a of the second embodiment will be described, but the same applies to the mixed layer 2b of the third embodiment.
- the thickness of the portion on the one main surface side of the heating resistor 3 facing the heating surface of the ceramic substrate 4 is configured to be thicker than the thickness of the other portions.
- the thickness of the part in contact with the main surface is 1/3 to 1/10 of the thickness of the other part.
- the mixed layer 2 (2a, 2b) is a region containing a metal component not included in the ceramic substrate 4, and the boundary between the ceramic substrate 4 and the mixed layer 2 (2a, 2b) is, for example, a wavelength dispersion type X
- WDS analysis line spectroscopic analysis
- the sample of the ceramic heater 1 shown in FIG. 1 is cut in the longitudinal direction, the cut surface is mirror-finished, and the electron probe micro is formed near the boundary between the ceramic substrate 4 and the mixed layer 2 (2a, 2b).
- WDS analysis line spectroscopic analysis
- the boundary between the ceramic substrate 4 and the mixed layer 2 can be determined based on the presence or absence of the metal component.
- the ceramic substrate 4 a ceramic material having insulating properties such as oxide ceramics, nitride ceramics, carbide ceramics can be used. Specifically, alumina, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, silicon carbide, or the like can be used. Among these, it is preferable to use alumina from the viewpoint of oxidation resistance.
- a ceramic slurry prepared by adding a sintering aid such as SiO 2 , CaO, MgO, ZrO 2 to the ceramic component is formed into a sheet shape.
- a ceramic green sheet is produced.
- the said component is mixed and a rod-shaped or plate-shaped molded object is produced by press molding or extrusion molding.
- the ceramic green sheet or molded body is formed into ceramic layers 4a and 4b by firing.
- a heating resistor, a resistor paste pattern that becomes a lead portion, or a pattern of a conductive paste is applied by a method such as screen printing.
- a material for the heating resistor and the lead portion a material mainly composed of a refractory metal such as tungsten, rhenium, molybdenum, or a mixture of rhenium and tungsten, which can be manufactured by simultaneous firing with ceramics, is used.
- the resistor paste and the conductive paste can be prepared by preparing and kneading a ceramic material, a binder, an organic solvent and the like with these refractory metals.
- the length of the resistor paste or conductive paste used as the heat generating resistor 3 the distance and interval of the folded pattern, and the line width of the pattern are changed.
- the heat generation position and resistance value of the body 3 can be set to desired values.
- the ceramic green sheet or molded body on which this pattern is formed is further laminated and adhered to the ceramic green sheet or molded body of the same material using a laminating liquid, so that the heating resistor 3 and the lead portion 6 are inside.
- a rod-like or plate-like molded body that becomes the ceramic substrate 4 having the above is obtained.
- the molded body is left in an atmosphere having a temperature of 50 ° C. and a humidity of 90% or more for 1 hour or longer (hereinafter referred to as diffusion standing).
- diffusion standing the metal component contained in the paste used as the heating resistor is ionized and diffused into the ceramic green sheet or the molded body.
- the region where the metal component is diffused becomes a mixed layer after firing.
- the obtained molded body is fired at about 1500 ° C. to 1600 ° C., so that a ceramic heater having a mixed layer can be produced.
- the firing is preferably performed in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere such as hydrogen gas.
- the mixed layer 2b covers the entire heating resistor 3 according to the third embodiment.
- the ceramic heater 11 can be produced.
- the ceramic green sheet or the molded body is calcined in advance.
- the metal component does not diffuse into the calcined ceramic green sheet or molded body due to diffusion.
- the metal component diffuses by being allowed to diffuse, so that the formation portion of the mixed layer can be controlled.
- the method for manufacturing the ceramic heater of the present invention is not limited to the above-described manufacturing method.
- a ceramic green sheet containing a desired metal material is prepared in advance and partially laminated in a region where a mixed layer is to be formed. It may be a method.
- a method may be used in which a paste containing a desired metal material is prepared in advance and printed in a region where the mixed layer is to be formed, overlaid on the paste for the heating resistor.
- a mixed layer containing the same metal material as the metal material of the heating resistor can be used, or a mixed layer containing a metal material different from the metal material of the heating resistor can be used.
- the ceramic heater can surely obtain the radiation suppressing effect (shield effect) of the high frequency component.
- a ceramic heater which is an example of the present invention was manufactured as follows. ⁇ Sample 1> First, a ceramic green sheet having Al 2 O 3 as a main component and adjusted so that SiO 2 , CaO, MgO, and ZrO 2 were within 10 mass% in total was produced. And the conductive paste which has a rhenium as a main component used as a heating resistor, a lead part, and a pad part was printed on the surface of this ceramic green sheet with each pattern shape by the screen-printing method.
- a mixed layer paste in which a conductive paste mainly composed of rhenium was mixed with powder having the same component as the ceramic base was screen-printed.
- the rod-shaped molded object was produced by extrusion molding with the same material as the ceramic green sheet. Thereafter, this rod-shaped molded body was calcined at about 1200 ° C.
- the printed ceramic green sheet and the rod-like calcined body were laminated by applying a laminated liquid in which ceramics having the same composition were dispersed to obtain a rod-like laminated body.
- the rod-like laminate thus obtained was fired in a reducing atmosphere (nitrogen atmosphere) at 1500 to 1600 ° C.
- an Ni plating film having a thickness of 2 to 4 ⁇ m is provided by electroplating on the pad portion on the outer surface of the ceramic base, and using Ag brazing as a brazing material, the pad portion and a diameter made of Ni of 0.8 mm, A power supply wiring having a length of 50 mm was joined. This is designated as Sample 1.
- Example 2 A rod-shaped molded body was produced by extrusion molding using the same material as the ceramic green sheet. Thereafter, this rod-shaped molded body was calcined at about 1200 ° C. The printed ceramic green sheet and the rod-shaped calcined body were laminated by applying a laminated liquid in which ceramics having the same composition were dispersed, to obtain a rod-shaped laminated body.
- this rod-shaped laminate was allowed to stand for 1 hour at a temperature of 50 ° C. and a humidity of 90%.
- the rod-like laminate thus obtained was fired in a reducing atmosphere (nitrogen atmosphere) at 1500 to 1600 ° C.
- an Ni plating film having a thickness of 2 to 4 ⁇ m is provided by electroplating on the pad portion on the outer surface of the ceramic base, and using Ag brazing as a brazing material, the pad portion and a diameter made of Ni of 0.8 mm, A power supply wiring having a length of 50 mm was joined.
- Sample 2 In Sample 2, by being allowed to stand for diffusion, rhenium diffused into the ceramic green sheet that had not been calcined, and a mixed layer was formed.
- Example 3 The rod-shaped laminate obtained by applying the laminate solution to the printed ceramic green sheet as it is without calcining the rod-shaped molded body is left at a temperature of 50 ° C. and a humidity of 90% for 1 hour. Was fired in a reducing atmosphere (nitrogen atmosphere) at 1500 to 1600 ° C. This is designated as Sample 3.
- Sample 3 In Sample 3, by allowing diffusion to stand, rhenium diffused into the rod-shaped molded body that was not calcined and the ceramic green sheet that was not calcined, and a mixed layer was formed.
- Example 4 A laminated liquid was applied to the printed ceramic green sheet and the ceramic green sheet of the same material that was not printed and laminated to obtain a plate-like laminate. Next, this plate-like laminate was allowed to stand for 1 hour at a temperature of 50 ° C. and a humidity of 90%. The plate-like molded body thus obtained was fired in a reducing atmosphere (nitrogen atmosphere) at 1500 to 1600 ° C. This is designated as Sample 4. In Sample 4, by being allowed to stand for diffusion, rhenium diffused into the ceramic green sheet that was not calcined, and a mixed layer was formed.
- Samples 5 to 7 were obtained in the same manner as Samples 2 to 4, except that the samples were not allowed to stand for diffusion.
- Sample 8 was obtained in the same manner as Sample 1 except that molybdenum was used instead of rhenium.
- Samples 1 to 8 were cut in the region containing the heating resistor, irradiated with laser using a laser ablation system (LSX-200 CETAC Technologies), and the ICP mass spectrometer (rhenium and molybdenum evaporated from the cut surface) Platform ICP Micromass).
- LSX-200 CETAC Technologies laser ablation system
- ICP mass spectrometer rhenium and molybdenum evaporated from the cut surface
- rhenium was detected only near the outer main surface of the heating resistor.
- the reason for the detection only in the vicinity of the main surface is that the mixed layer paste is disposed only in the vicinity of the main surface of the pattern to be the heating resistor. Further, rhenium was not detected near the inner main surface of the heating resistor.
- rhenium was also detected near the outer main surface and the side surface of the heating resistor. The rhenium was distributed so that the mixing ratio decreased as it moved away from the heating resistor. Rhenium was not detected in the vicinity of the inner main surface of the heating resistor. This is because the outer ceramic green sheet contains a binder and the inner rod-like calcined body does not contain a binder, so that ionized rhenium diffuses in the binder of the ceramic green sheet when left to diffuse. it is conceivable that.
- Sample 3 rhenium was also detected in the vicinity of the outer main surface, the side surface, and the inner main surface of the heating resistor. The rhenium was distributed so that the mixing ratio decreased as it moved away from the heating resistor. Sample 4 had the same rhenium distribution as Sample 3.
- Samples 1, 2, and 5 A direct current was applied to Samples 1, 2, and 5, and a pulse waveform flowing through the ceramic heater and high-frequency noise were confirmed using an oscilloscope. Samples 1 and 2 had a steep pulse waveform upon energization, but no high frequency noise was observed. On the other hand, in sample 5, the pulse waveform became sharp at the same time as energization, and at the same time, noise that was thought to be due to high frequency components was observed.
- the temperature distribution was evaluated by obtaining a maximum value and a minimum value among the temperatures obtained at a plurality of locations on the heater surface, and evaluating a temperature difference between the maximum value and the minimum value. A smaller temperature difference indicates a more uniform temperature distribution.
- Sample 4 was uniformly heated at a temperature difference of 1 ° C. in the temperature distribution.
- the temperature difference in the temperature distribution was 5 ° C., and the temperature of the portion along the pattern of the heating resistor was higher than the temperature of the other portions.
- Sample 4 has a mixed layer, so that a uniform distribution was observed in the surface temperature. It is thought that the temperature distribution is improved by soaking in the diffusion region of rhenium.
- Samples 3 and 6 A DC voltage was applied to Samples 3 and 6, continuous energization was performed at a surface temperature of 1200 ° C., and changes in electrical resistance were confirmed.
- Sample 3 has a smaller change in electrical resistance with application time than sample 6, and in sample 6 the heating resistor was disconnected in about 200 hours, whereas in sample 3, the heating resistor was not disconnected even in the same 200 hours. It was.
- sample 1 and sample 8 are only different in whether the metal material is rhenium or molybdenum, it was found that rhenium is more preferable.
Landscapes
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
前記セラミック基体内に設けられ、通電によって発熱する発熱抵抗体と、
前記セラミック基体内に設けられ、セラミック材料と金属材料とが混合された混合層と、を有することを特徴とするセラミックヒータである。
図1は、本発明の第1実施形態であるセラミックヒータ1の構成を概略的に示す一部透過斜視図である。図2は、セラミックヒータ1の構成を示す断面図である。
セラミック基体4としては、酸化物セラミックス、窒化物セラミックス、炭化物セラミックス等の絶縁性を備えたセラミック材料を用いることができる。具体的には、アルミナ、窒化珪素、窒化アルミニウム、炭化珪素などを用いることができる。これらの中でも、耐酸化性の点からは、アルミナを用いることが好ましい。
<試料1>
まず、Al2O3を主成分とし、SiO2、CaO、MgO、ZrO2が合計で10質量%以内になるように調整したセラミックグリーンシートを作製した。そして、このセラミックグリーンシートの表面に、発熱抵抗体、リード部およびパッド部となる、レニウムを主成分とする導電性ペーストを、スクリーン印刷法にてそれぞれのパターン形状で印刷した。
棒状成型体をセラミックグリーンシートと同一材料で押し出し成型にて作製した。その後この棒状成型体を1200℃程度で仮焼した。印刷されたセラミックグリーンシートと、棒状仮焼体とを、同一の組成のセラミックスを分散させた積層液を塗布して積層して、棒状積層体を得た。
こうして得られた棒状積層体を1500~1600℃の還元雰囲気(窒素雰囲気)中で焼成した。
上記の棒状成型体を仮焼せず、そのまま印刷されたセラミックグリーンシートに積層液を塗布して得られた積層体を温度50℃、湿度90%で1時間放置し、得られた棒状積層体を1500~1600℃の還元雰囲気(窒素雰囲気)中で焼成した。これを試料3とする。試料3では、拡散放置を行ったことにより、仮焼していない棒状成型体および仮焼していないセラミックグリーンシートにレニウムが拡散し、混合層が形成された。
上記の印刷されたセラミックグリーンシートと印刷されていない同一材料のセラミックグリーンシートに積層液を塗布して積層し、板状積層体を得た。次に、この板状積層体を温度50℃、湿度90%で1時間放置した。こうして得られた板状成型体を1500~1600℃の還元雰囲気(窒素雰囲気)中で焼成した。これを試料4とする。試料4では、拡散放置を行ったことにより、仮焼していないセラミックグリーンシートにレニウムが拡散し、混合層が形成された。
拡散放置を行わなかったこと以外は、試料2~4と同様にして試料5~7を得た。
レニウムの代わりにモリブデンを用いたこと以外は、試料1と同様にして試料8を得た。
試料4は、試料3と同様のレニウムの分布であった。
2,2a,2b 混合層
3 発熱抵抗体
4 セラミック基体
4a,4b セラミック層
6 リード部
6a ビア導体
7 パッド部
8 電源配線
Claims (8)
- セラミック基体と、
前記セラミック基体内に設けられ、通電によって発熱する発熱抵抗体と、
前記セラミック基体内に設けられ、セラミック材料と金属材料とが混合された混合層と、を有することを特徴とするセラミックヒータ。 - 前記混合層が前記発熱抵抗体と前記セラミック基体の加熱面との間に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のセラミックヒータ。
- 前記発熱抵抗体は前記セラミック基体の加熱面に対向する主面および該主面に隣接する側面を有し、前記混合層は前記発熱抵抗体の前記主面および前記側面を覆うように設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のセラミックヒータ。
- 前記混合層は前記発熱抵抗体の全体を覆うように設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のセラミックヒータ。
- 前記混合層は前記発熱抵抗体から遠ざかるにつれて、前記金属材料の混合割合が小さくなるように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1つに記載のセラミックヒータ。
- 前記混合層は前記セラミック基体の加熱面に対向する前記発熱抵抗体の前記主面を覆う部分の厚みが、他の部分の厚みよりも厚いことを特徴とする請求項3記載のセラミックヒータ。
- 前記発熱抵抗体は前記セラミック基体の加熱面に対向する主面を有し、前記混合層は、前記セラミック基体の加熱面に対向する前記発熱抵抗体の前記主面を覆う部分の厚みが、他の部分の厚みよりも厚いことを特徴とする請求項4記載のセラミックヒータ。
- 前記金属材料が、レニウムであることを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれか1つに記載のセラミックヒータ。
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KR1020137024264A KR101488751B1 (ko) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-30 | 세라믹 히터 |
CN201280015086.4A CN103477704B (zh) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-30 | 陶瓷加热器 |
JP2013507803A JP5665973B2 (ja) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-30 | セラミックヒータ |
EP12762848.5A EP2693836B1 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-30 | Ceramic heater |
US14/008,793 US9668302B2 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-30 | Ceramic heater |
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CN106843333A (zh) * | 2017-01-08 | 2017-06-13 | 刘家明 | 氢水热烫智能控制系统 |
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JP5665971B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-30 | 2015-02-04 | 京セラ株式会社 | ヒータ |
CN105072718B (zh) | 2015-08-21 | 2017-06-16 | 重庆利迈陶瓷技术有限公司 | 一种陶瓷电热体 |
US10258132B2 (en) | 2015-12-31 | 2019-04-16 | Conair Corporation | Hair styling apparatus |
USD804725S1 (en) | 2016-01-08 | 2017-12-05 | Conair Corporation | Hair styling apparatus |
US11237031B2 (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2022-02-01 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Additively manufactured heaters for air data probes having a heater layer and a dielectric layer on the air data probe body |
CN110536491B (zh) * | 2019-09-25 | 2024-07-05 | 重庆利迈科技有限公司 | 一种两层结构的陶瓷电热体及电烙铁 |
US11237183B2 (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2022-02-01 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Ceramic probe head for an air data probe with and embedded heater |
US11565463B2 (en) | 2020-10-20 | 2023-01-31 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Additively manufactured heater |
CN113712363A (zh) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-30 | 珠海市佳一陶瓷有限公司 | 电吹风 |
US11624637B1 (en) | 2021-10-01 | 2023-04-11 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc | Air data probe with integrated heater bore and features |
US11662235B2 (en) | 2021-10-01 | 2023-05-30 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Air data probe with enhanced conduction integrated heater bore and features |
USD1000692S1 (en) * | 2021-10-23 | 2023-10-03 | Ruyun Guo | Ceramic heater |
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US9668302B2 (en) | 2017-05-30 |
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KR101488751B1 (ko) | 2015-02-03 |
EP2693836A1 (en) | 2014-02-05 |
EP2693836A4 (en) | 2014-09-24 |
EP2693836B1 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
US20140042149A1 (en) | 2014-02-13 |
KR20130121984A (ko) | 2013-11-06 |
WO2012133800A8 (ja) | 2013-01-31 |
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