WO2012132420A1 - 飛行体の高揚力装置 - Google Patents
飛行体の高揚力装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012132420A1 WO2012132420A1 PCT/JP2012/002135 JP2012002135W WO2012132420A1 WO 2012132420 A1 WO2012132420 A1 WO 2012132420A1 JP 2012002135 W JP2012002135 W JP 2012002135W WO 2012132420 A1 WO2012132420 A1 WO 2012132420A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- flap
- vortex
- tip
- end portion
- high lift
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C9/00—Adjustable control surfaces or members, e.g. rudders
- B64C9/14—Adjustable control surfaces or members, e.g. rudders forming slots
- B64C9/16—Adjustable control surfaces or members, e.g. rudders forming slots at the rear of the wing
- B64C9/18—Adjustable control surfaces or members, e.g. rudders forming slots at the rear of the wing by single flaps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C21/00—Influencing air flow over aircraft surfaces by affecting boundary layer flow
- B64C21/02—Influencing air flow over aircraft surfaces by affecting boundary layer flow by use of slot, ducts, porous areas or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C3/00—Wings
- B64C3/58—Wings provided with fences or spoilers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C9/00—Adjustable control surfaces or members, e.g. rudders
- B64C9/14—Adjustable control surfaces or members, e.g. rudders forming slots
- B64C9/16—Adjustable control surfaces or members, e.g. rudders forming slots at the rear of the wing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C9/00—Adjustable control surfaces or members, e.g. rudders
- B64C9/14—Adjustable control surfaces or members, e.g. rudders forming slots
- B64C9/28—Adjustable control surfaces or members, e.g. rudders forming slots by flaps at both the front and rear of the wing operating in unison
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C2230/00—Boundary layer controls
- B64C2230/22—Boundary layer controls by using a surface having multiple apertures of relatively small openings other than slots
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/10—Drag reduction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/40—Weight reduction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a high lift device provided in a rear edge portion of a main wing of a flying body so as to be able to be deployed and stored.
- the flying body is equipped with a high lift device installed on the main wing.
- the high lift device is housed in the main wing during cruise and deployed from the main wing during takeoff and landing. Since the high lift device is an aerodynamic device for ensuring lift during low-speed flight, the design is focused on aerodynamic characteristics.
- patent document 1 is disclosing the noise reduction apparatus comprised so that airflow might be ejected from the hole opened in the upper surface of the main wing, the side surface, and the lower surface.
- the air pressure source must be located near the main wing in order to eject the airflow.
- a dedicated compressor is applied to the air pressure source, the entire apparatus becomes large and the weight of the airframe increases. It is also necessary to provide a pipe for guiding air from the pneumatic pressure source to the hole inside the flap.
- an object of the present invention is to suitably reduce aerodynamic noise generated from a high lift device so as not to increase the weight of the airframe as much as possible and not to impair practicality.
- the present inventor winds from the lower surface of the front end portion of the flap body to the upper surface of the front end portion of the flap body of the high lift device.
- the rising vortex exists at a position close to the surface of the flap tip, and the strength and position of this vortex fluctuates with time, so that the pressure on the flap surface fluctuates and aerodynamic noise is generated.
- aerodynamic noise generated from the high lift device is to suppress the strength of the vortex, suppress the temporal change in the strength and position of the vortex, and avoid the interference by separating the vortex and the flap body.
- the idea was effective in reducing the above.
- a high lift apparatus for a flying body is provided in a rear edge portion of a main wing of the flying body so as to be able to be deployed and accommodated, and extends along a wing length direction of the main wing, and the flap body.
- a vortex suppressing portion for suppressing a vortex that tends to roll up from the lower surface of the tip portion of the flap body to the upper surface of the tip portion.
- the vortex suppressor suppresses the strength of the vortex that tends to roll from the lower surface of the front end of the flap body to the upper surface of the front end, or suppresses temporal variations in the strength and position of the vortex. Or has the effect of separating the vortex position from the flap body.
- produces from a high lift apparatus can be reduced suitably.
- the vortex suppressing part may be provided by partially cutting off the tip part. According to the said structure, generation
- the vortex suppressing portion is formed by partially cutting the distal end portion such that a trailing edge of the distal end portion of the flap body protrudes toward a distal end side in the extending direction from a front edge end of the distal end portion. It may be provided by lacking. According to the above configuration, the lift generated in the vortex suppressing portion of the flap body is reduced as it goes toward the distal end side in the extending direction. The strength of the swirling vortex is suppressed.
- the vortex suppressing portion is formed by partially cutting the tip portion such that a front edge of the tip portion of the flap body protrudes toward a tip side in the extending direction from a rear edge end of the tip portion. It may be provided by lacking. According to the above configuration, the lift generated in the vortex suppressing portion of the flap body is reduced as it goes toward the distal end side in the extending direction. The strength of the swirling vortex is suppressed.
- the vortex suppressing portion is configured such that the thickness of the front end portion of the flap main body decreases as it goes toward the front end side in the extending direction, and the angle formed between the surfaces on the upper surface side and the lower surface side is 60. It may be provided by partially notching the tip so as to be less than or equal to the degree. According to the said structure, when the area of the side end surface of the said front-end
- the shape of the upper surface side is changed when the shape is set so that the thickness of the distal end portion of the flap body becomes smaller toward the distal end side in the extending direction, from the lower surface side Since the vortex wound up on the upper surface side can be separated from the surface of the flap body, it is possible to suitably suppress the vortex from interfering with the flap body, thereby suitably reducing the aerodynamic noise generated from the high lift device. be able to.
- the vortex suppressing portion may be a flow suppressing portion that is formed on the upper surface side near the front edge of the front end portion of the flap body and separates the flow along the upper surface of the front end portion.
- the flow restraint portion locally separates the flow on the upper surface of the flap, thereby reducing the lift generated in the vortex restraint portion of the flap body, and the front end portion.
- the strength of the vortex that winds from the lower surface side to the upper surface side can be reduced at the side edge portion. Thereby, the aerodynamic noise which generate
- the vortex suppressing portion may include a ventilation structure provided on at least an upper end surface and a side end surface on the distal end side of the flap body, and a cavity formed inside the distal end portion of the flap body. .
- a ventilation structure provided on at least an upper end surface and a side end surface on the distal end side of the flap body, and a cavity formed inside the distal end portion of the flap body.
- the vortex suppression portion is formed at a front edge portion of the tip end portion of the flap body, and in close proximity to the lower surface of the main wing in a state where the flap body is deployed from the main wing, along the upper surface of the tip portion. It may be a flow suppression unit that separates the flow.
- the flow suppressing unit locally separates the flow on the flap upper surface by narrowing the flow path between the upper surface of the front end portion and the lower surface of the main wing.
- the lift generated in the vortex suppressing portion of the flap body is reduced, and the strength of the vortex rolling up from the lower surface side to the upper surface side at the side edge portion of the tip portion can be weakened. Thereby, the aerodynamic noise which generate
- the present invention it is possible to suitably reduce aerodynamic noise generated from a high lift device so as not to increase the weight of the airframe as much as possible and not to impair practicality.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a flying object high lift device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view of the high lift device by a prior art example. It is a fragmentary top view of the flap main body showing the vortex suppression part which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. It is a fragmentary top view of the flap main body showing the vortex suppression part which concerns on Example 2 of this invention. It is a fragmentary top view of the flap main body showing the vortex suppression part which concerns on Example 3 of this invention.
- FIG. 5B is a partial cross-sectional view of the flap body cut along line bb in FIG. 5A. It is a fragmentary top view of the flap main body showing the vortex suppression part which concerns on Example 4 of this invention.
- FIG. 5B is a partial cross-sectional view of the flap body cut along line bb in FIG. 5A. It is a fragmentary top view of the flap main body showing the vortex suppression part which concerns on Example 4 of this invention.
- FIG. 6B is a partial cross-sectional view of the flap body shown cut along line bb in FIG. 6A. It is a fragmentary top view of the flap main body showing the vortex suppression part which concerns on the modification of Example 4 of this invention. It is a fragmentary perspective view of the flap main part showing the vortex suppression part which concerns on Example 5 of this invention. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the flap main part showing the vortex suppression part concerning Example 5 of the present invention. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the flap main part showing the vortex suppression part which concerns on the modification of Example 5 of this invention.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the front end portion of the flap body and the main wing representing the vortex suppressing portion according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a bar graph showing the noise reduction effect by the vortex suppression unit according to the first to sixth embodiments.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a flying object high lift device 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the flying body includes an airframe 1, a pair of left and right main wings 2 (only the right main wing is shown in FIG. 1), and a high lift device 3.
- the airframe 1 extends in the front-rear direction.
- the pair of main wings 2 extend left and right from the body 1.
- the high lift device 3 is provided at the rear edge of the main wing 2.
- the high lift device 3 according to the present embodiment is a slotted flap type or a fowler flap type, and is accommodated in the main wing 2 or deployed from the main wing 2.
- reference numeral 4 is a jet engine
- reference numeral 5 is a slat
- reference numeral 6 is an inner auxiliary wing
- reference numeral 7 is an outer auxiliary wing.
- the high lift device 3 includes a flap body 11 and a link mechanism 12.
- the flap body 11 has a blade shape that is longer in the blade length direction than in the chord direction.
- the blade length direction of the flap body 11 is provided substantially parallel to the blade length direction of the main wing 2.
- the link mechanism 12 connects the flap body 11 to the main wing 2 so as to be swingable. When the link mechanism 12 is driven by an actuator (not shown), the flap body 11 is accommodated in the main wing 1 or deployed from the main wing 1 according to the operation of the link mechanism 12.
- the flap body 11 When the flap body 11 is accommodated in the main wing 2, the front edge portion of the flap body 11 is accommodated below the rear edge portion of the main wing 2. On the other hand, the rear edge of the flap body 11 is exposed to the outside and partially constitutes the rear edge of the main wing 2. When the flap body 11 is deployed from the main wing 2, the flap body 11 is disposed so that substantially the entire flap body 11 protrudes to the rear edge side of the main wing 2 in plan view.
- FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of a conventional high lift device 3 ′.
- the entire flap body 11 ′ is formed in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view.
- tip part of flap main body 11 ' has extended straightly back from the rear edge part of the main wing 2 in planar view.
- a vortex is generated from the lower surface side of the flap body 11 ′ so as to pass the tip side from the side end surface and wind up to the upper surface side.
- the structure of the distal end portion 11a (see FIG. 1) of the flap body 11 is changed from that according to the conventional example.
- the vortex suppressing unit 100 (200, 300, 400, 500 or 600) for suppressing such vortices is provided.
- the structure of the vortex suppressing unit according to the plurality of embodiments will be sequentially described, and then the noise reduction effect by the vortex suppressing unit according to each embodiment will be described.
- FIG. 3 is a partial plan view of the flap body 11 to which the vortex suppressing unit 100 according to the first embodiment is applied.
- the vortex suppressing unit 100 according to the first embodiment has a leading edge 101 and a trailing edge 102, and the leading edge 101 is closer to the leading end side in the blade length direction of the flap body 11 than the trailing edge 102. To position.
- FIG. 3 shows the tip of the flap body 11 'according to the conventional example by a two-dot chain line.
- the vortex suppressing unit 100 according to the first embodiment partially cuts off the tip of the flap body 11 ′ when considered on the basis of the flap body 11 ′ having a rectangular shape in plan view according to the conventional example. It can be said that it is provided. And it can be said that the vortex suppression part 100 is provided by cutting off the front edge 103 side of the front-end
- the chord length of the flap main body 11 becomes smaller toward the tip.
- the lift distribution in a wing length direction will be changed. Since the lift acting on the flap body 11 is relatively small at the wing tip 104, the strength of the vortex rolling up from the lower surface side to the upper surface side can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to reduce aerodynamic noise caused by the vortex.
- the leading edge 101 and the trailing edge 102 are connected by two straight lines in plan view. However, this illustration is merely an example, and one or three or more straight lines may be connected in a plan view, or may be connected in a curved line.
- FIG. 4 is a partial plan view of the flap body 11 to which the vortex suppressing unit 200 according to the second embodiment is applied.
- the vortex suppressing unit 200 is such that the front edge 201 is located on the front side in the blade length direction of the flap body 11 with respect to the rear edge 202.
- the flap body 11 ′ having a rectangular shape in plan view according to the conventional example as a reference, the flap body 11 ′ is provided by cutting off the front end portion of the flap body 11 ′ so that the cutout amount increases toward the front end side. It can be said.
- the front edge 201 and the rear edge 202 are connected by two straight lines in plan view.
- this illustration is merely an example, and one or three or more straight lines may be connected in a plan view, or may be connected in a curved line.
- FIG. 5A is a partial plan view of the flap body 11 to which the vortex suppressing unit 300 according to the third embodiment is applied.
- 5B is a partial cross-sectional view of the flap main body 11 cut along the line bb shown in FIG. 5A.
- the vortex suppressing part 300 has substantially the same plan view shape as the tip of the flap body 11 ′ according to the conventional example, but has a cross-sectional shape different from that of the tip of the flap body 11 ′ according to the conventional example.
- the flap body 11 ′ according to the conventional example is indicated by a chain line
- the vortex suppressing unit 300 according to the third embodiment is indicated by a solid line.
- the vortex suppressing portion 300 is formed at the tip end portion 11a of the flap main body 11 so that the thickness thereof decreases toward the tip end side of the flap main body 11 in the blade length direction. Further, the angle formed by the lower surface 301 and the step surface 302 on the upper surface side at the position of the side end surface 303 of the tip portion is formed to be 60 degrees or less.
- the vortex suppressing part 300 is configured so that the top surface of the tip of the flap main body 11' according to the conventional example is recessed downward in reducing the thickness in this way. That is, it can be said that it is provided by scraping off the upper surface side of the distal end portion of the flap body 11 'according to the conventional example.
- the shape of the lower surface 301 of the vortex suppressing part 300 is not changed from the flap main body 11 ′ according to the conventional example, and is smoothly continuous with the intermediate part in the blade length direction of the flap main body 11.
- the area of the side end face 303 is reduced, so that the separation area of the flow generated on the side end face 303 is reduced, and the temporal variation of the vortex can be suppressed. it can.
- the upper surface side is recessed downward, the vortex rolled up from the lower surface side as compared with the conventional example is physically separated from the surface that may cause interference.
- the shape of the lower surface may be changed at the same time while changing the cross-sectional shape of the flap body 11 so that the thickness of the front end portion 11a of the flap body 11 is reduced. 5A and 5B, the thickness gradually changes, and the step surface 302 extends so as to draw a curve in a cross-sectional view. Thereby, it can suppress as much as possible that the airflow which flows along the upper surface of the flap main body 11 is disturbed.
- the step surface 302 may extend in a straight line.
- FIG. 6A is a partial perspective view of the flap main body 11 to which the vortex suppressing portion 400 according to the fourth embodiment is applied
- FIG. 6B is a partial cross section of the flap main body 11 cut along the line bb in FIG. 6A.
- the vortex suppressing portion 400 is configured by a plurality of protrusions arranged at intervals along the blade length direction of the flap body 11 on the front edge portion of the upper surface of the tip portion 11 of the flap body 11.
- the flow suppression unit 401 is provided.
- the flow suppressing portion 401 is provided so as to protrude upward from the upper surface of the flap body 11.
- the airflow that is about to flow along the upper surface of the flap body 11 from the front edge of the flap body 11 is locally peeled off by the flow restraint unit 401, and thus is generated in the vortex restraint unit 400 of the flap body.
- the lift is reduced, and the strength of the vortex that rolls from the lower surface side to the upper surface side is suppressed. This reduces aerodynamic noise.
- the flow suppression part 401 is comprised by protrusion, this illustration is a mere example and may be comprised by the plate
- the vortex suppressing portion 450 includes a flow suppressing portion 451 configured by a plate-like protrusion extending in the blade length direction of the flap main body 11 at the front edge portion of the upper surface of the tip end portion 11 of the flap main body 11. ing.
- the flow restraining portion 451 is formed by integrating a plurality of protrusions shown in FIG. 6A in the blade length direction.
- the flow suppressing portion 451 is also provided so as to protrude upward from the upper surface of the flap body 11 in the same manner as the flow suppressing portion 401 shown in FIG. 6A.
- FIG. 7A is a partial perspective view of the flap body 11 to which the vortex suppressing unit 500 according to the fifth embodiment is applied.
- FIG. 7B is a partial cross-sectional view of the vortex suppression unit 500 shown in FIG. 7A.
- the vortex suppression unit 500 is provided so as to cover the cavity 501 formed inside the tip end portion 11a of the flap main body 11 and the upper surface of the tip end portion 11a of the flap main body 11.
- An upper surface ventilation structure 502 that forms a partition upper wall, and a side ventilation structure 503 that is provided so as to cover the side end of the front end portion 11a of the flap body 11 and that forms a sidewall partitioning the cavity 501 are provided. .
- the upper surface ventilation structure 502 and the side surface ventilation structure 503 are plate-like members or perforated plates having a mesh, and are ventilation structures that allow a part of the airflow. That is, the cavity 501 is partitioned by the upper surface ventilation structure 502 and communicates with the outside on the upper surface side of the flap body 11 via the upper surface ventilation structure 502. The cavity 501 is partitioned by the side ventilation structure 503, and communicates with the outside on the front end side of the flap body 11 via the side ventilation structure 503.
- the pressure fluctuation occurs on the flap surface due to the interference between the vortex rolled up from the lower surface side of the front end portion 11a of the flap body 11 and the flap surface
- the vortex is likely to interfere with the flap body 11 in this way.
- the ventilation structure at various positions, the interference between the vortex and the flap body 11 is buffered or absorbed by the upper surface ventilation structure 502, the side ventilation structure 503, and the cavity 501, so that the interference between the vortex and the flap body 11 occurs. It is possible to reduce the aerodynamic noise generated by the above.
- FIG. 7C is a partial cross-sectional view of the flap main body showing the vortex suppressing portion 550 according to a modification of the fifth embodiment.
- a porous material 554 may be installed in the cavity 501.
- the energy of the fluid flowing into the cavity 501 is well absorbed by the porous material. Therefore, a greater noise reduction can be achieved.
- FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the front end portion of the flap body 11 and the main wing 3 to which the vortex suppressing portion 600 according to the sixth embodiment is applied.
- a recess 2 a for accommodating the front edge of the high lift device is formed on the lower surface side of the rear edge of the main wing 3.
- the vortex suppressing unit 600 according to the sixth embodiment has a facing part formed at the front edge of the tip end part 11 a of the flap body 11.
- the facing portion is close to and opposed to the lower surface of the rear edge portion of the main wing 2 in the vertical direction in a state where the high lift device 3 is deployed from the main wing 2.
- a projecting portion 601 that projects downward is provided on the upper surface 2b that defines the recess 2a at a location that is close to and opposed to the facing portion of the flap body 11.
- FIG. 9 is a bar graph showing the noise reduction effect of the high lift device to which the vortex suppression unit according to Examples 1 to 6 is applied.
- the present inventor conducted a wind tunnel model experiment in order to evaluate and verify the noise reduction effect of the vortex suppressor according to Examples 1 to 6.
- the flight form is a landing form, and the sound pressure levels in a plurality of frequency bands at the front end portion 11a of the flap main body 11 are measured when the angle of attack is 4 degrees, 6 degrees, and 8 degrees.
- FIG. 9 shows the overall noise value of the noise reduction effect of the vortex suppression units according to the first to sixth embodiments.
- the value is a value obtained by applying the frequency weighting characteristic of A characteristic after conversion to the actual machine frequency.
- any of the vortex suppressing portions according to Examples 1 to 6 has a noise reduction effect as compared with the conventional high lift device.
- Any of the vortex suppressing portions according to the first to sixth embodiments is provided by changing the shape of the front end portion of the flap main body or changing the structure of the front end portion of the flap main body. Unlike a conventionally proposed noise reduction device, since a large-scale device is not required, the increase in the weight of the aircraft body is small, and the practicality is not impaired.
- the present invention has the effect of being able to suitably reduce the aerodynamic noise generated from the high lift device so as not to increase the weight of the fuselage as much as possible and not to impair the practicality. It is beneficial to apply to a vehicle equipped with a device.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施形態に係る飛行体の高揚力装置3の概要構成を示す斜視図である。図1に示すように、飛行体は、機体1、左右一対の主翼2(図1では右側主翼のみを図示)、及び高揚力装置3を備えている。機体1は前後方向に延びている。一対の主翼2は、機体1から左方及び右方それぞれに延びている。高揚力装置3は、主翼2の後縁部に設けられている。本実施形態に係る高揚力装置3は、スロッテッドフラップ型又はファウラーフラップ型であり、主翼2に収容されたり主翼2から展開したりする。なお、図1において、符号4はジェットエンジンであり、符号5はスラットであり、符号6は内側補助翼であり、符号7は外側補助翼である。
図3は、実施例1に係る渦抑制部100を適用したフラップ本体11の部分平面図である。実施例1に係る渦抑制部100は、前縁端101及び後縁端102を有しており、前縁端101は、後縁端102よりも、フラップ本体11の翼長方向の先端側に位置する。
図4は、実施例2に係る渦抑制部200を適用したフラップ本体11の部分平面図である。渦抑制部200は、実施例1とは逆に、前縁端201が後縁端202よりもフラップ本体11の翼長方向の先端側に位置する。従来例による平面視矩形状のフラップ本体11´を基準にして考えると、先端側に向かうに連れて切欠き量が大きくなるようにしてフラップ本体11´の先端部を切り落とすことによって設けられていると言える。
図5Aは、実施例3に係る渦抑制部300を適用したフラップ本体11の部分平面図である。図5Bは、図5Aに示すb-b線に沿って切断して示すフラップ本体11の部分断面図である。渦抑制部300は、従来例によるフラップ本体11´の先端部と略同一の平面視形状を有する一方、従来例によるフラップ本体11´の先端部とは異なる断面形状を有している。図5Bでは、従来例によるフラップ本体11´が鎖線で示されており、実施例3に係る渦抑制部300が実線で示されている。
図6Aは、実施例4に係る渦抑制部400を適用したフラップ本体11の部分斜視図であり、図6Bは、図6Aのb-b線に沿って切断して示すフラップ本体11の部分断面図である。図6Aに示すように、渦抑制部400は、フラップ本体11の先端部11の上面の前縁部に、フラップ本体11の翼長方向に沿って間隔をおいて並べられた複数の突起で構成される流れ抑制部401を備えている。図6Bに示すように、流れ抑制部401は、フラップ本体11の上面から上に突出するようにして設けられている。
図7Aは、実施例5に係る渦抑制部500を適用したフラップ本体11の部分斜視図である。図7Bは、図7Aに示す渦抑制部500の部分断面図である。図7Aに示すように、渦抑制部500は、フラップ本体11の先端部11aの内部に形成されたキャビティ501と、フラップ本体11の先端部11aの上面を覆うようにして設けられ、キャビティ501を区画する上壁を成す上面通気構造体502と、フラップ本体11の先端部11aの側端部を覆うようにして設けられ、キャビティ501を区画する側壁を成す側面通気構造体503とを備えている。上面通気構造体502及び側面通気構造体503は、網目を有した板状部材もしくは多孔板材であり、気流の流れを一部許容する通気構造体である。すなわち、キャビティ501は、上面通気構造体502により区画される一方、上面通気構造体502を介しフラップ本体11の上面側外部と連通する。また、キャビティ501は、側面通気構造体503により区画される一方、側面通気構造体503を介してフラップ本体11の先端側外部と連通する。
図8は、実施例6に係る渦抑制部600を適用したフラップ本体11の先端部及び主翼3の部分断面図である。図8に示すように、主翼3の後縁部の下面側には、高揚力装置の前縁部を収容するための凹部2aが形成されている。図8に示すように、実施例6に係る渦抑制部600は、フラップ本体11の先端部11aの前縁に形成された対向部を有している。対向部は、高揚力装置3が主翼2から展開している状態において、主翼2の後縁部の下面と上下方向に近接対向する。一方、凹部2aを区画する上面2bには、フラップ本体11の対向部と近接対向する箇所に、下方に突出する突出部601が設けられている。このような突出部601を設けることにより、対向部と主翼3との対向間隔を好適に狭めることができる。この構造によれば、対向部と主翼2の下面との間の狭隘な空間が、主翼2の下面に沿って後方へと流れようとする気流に対して抵抗となる。これにより、フラップ本体11の先端部11aの上面を流れる気流が局所的に剥離させられることで、フラップ本体の渦抑制部に生じる揚力が減少する。これにより、下面側から上面側へと巻き上がろうとする渦の強度が弱くなり空力騒音が低減する。
図9は、実施例1~6に係る渦抑制部を適用した高揚力装置の騒音低減効果を示す棒グラフである。本件発明者は、実施例1~6に係る渦抑制部の騒音低減効果を評価及び検証するため、風洞模型実験を行った。飛行形態は着陸形態であるとし、迎角が4度、6度及び8度であるとき夫々について、フラップ本体11の先端部11aでの複数の周波数帯における音圧レベルを計測した。図9は、実施例1~6に係る渦抑制部の騒音低減効果が、オーバーオール値で示されている。なお、値は、実機周波数に換算後、A特性の周波数重み付け特性を適用することにより得られた値としている。
10 高揚力装置
11 フラップ本体
100,200,300,400,500,600 渦抑制部
Claims (9)
- 飛行体の主翼の後部に展開及び収容可能に設けられ、前記主翼の翼長方向に延在するフラップ本体と、
前記フラップ本体の延在方向の先端部に設けられ、前記フラップ本体の前記先端部の下面から前記先端部の上面へと巻き上がろうとする渦を抑制するための渦抑制部と、を備える、飛行体の高揚力装置。 - 前記渦抑制部は、前記先端部を部分的に切り欠くことによって設けられている、請求項1に記載の飛行体の高揚力装置。
- 前記渦抑制部は、前記フラップ本体の前記先端部の後縁端が、前記先端部の前縁端よりも前記延在方向の先端側に突出するようにして、前記先端部を部分的に切り欠くことによって設けられている、請求項2に記載の飛行体の高揚力装置。
- 前記渦抑制部は、前記フラップ本体の前記先端部の前縁端が、前記先端部の後縁端よりも前記延在方向の先端側に突出するようにして、前記先端部を部分的に切り欠くことによって設けられている、請求項2に記載の飛行体の高揚力装置。
- 前記渦抑制部は、前記フラップ本体の前記先端部の厚さが、前記延在方向の先端側に向かうに連れて小さくなるようにして、かつ上面側と下面側の面のなす角が60度以下となるようにして、前記先端部を部分的に切り欠くことによって設けられている、請求項2に記載の飛行体の高揚力装置。
- 前記渦抑制部は、前記フラップ本体の前記先端部の前縁部の上面側に形成され、前記先端部の上面に沿う流れを剥離させる流れ抑制部である、請求項1に記載の飛行体の高揚力装置。
- 前記渦抑制部は、前記フラップ本体の前記先端側の少なくとも上端面及び側端面の一方に設けられた通気構造体と、前記フラップ本体の前記先端部に設けられたキャビティとを備えている、請求項1に記載の飛行体の高揚力装置。
- 前記キャビティ内に多孔質材が設置されている、請求項7に記載の飛行体の高揚力装置。
- 前記渦抑制部は、前記フラップ本体の前記先端部の前縁部に形成され、前記フラップ本体が前記主翼から展開している状態において前記主翼の下面と近接対向し、前記先端部の上面に沿う流れを剥離させる流れ抑制部である、請求項1に記載の飛行体の高揚力装置。
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EP12764943.2A EP2692632B1 (en) | 2011-03-30 | 2012-03-28 | High-lift device of flight vehicle |
US14/008,139 US9302761B2 (en) | 2011-03-30 | 2012-03-28 | High-lift device of flight vehicle |
BR112013025160-3A BR112013025160B1 (pt) | 2011-03-30 | 2012-03-28 | Dispositivo de hipersustentação para uma aeronave |
JP2013507183A JP5830086B2 (ja) | 2011-03-30 | 2012-03-28 | 飛行体の高揚力装置 |
US15/052,497 US9586672B2 (en) | 2011-03-30 | 2016-02-24 | High-lift device of flight vehicle |
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US15/052,497 Division US9586672B2 (en) | 2011-03-30 | 2016-02-24 | High-lift device of flight vehicle |
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EP2692632B1 (en) | 2019-09-04 |
BR112013025160B1 (pt) | 2021-06-15 |
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US9623956B2 (en) | 2017-04-18 |
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