WO2012131954A1 - セタン価推定装置 - Google Patents
セタン価推定装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012131954A1 WO2012131954A1 PCT/JP2011/058120 JP2011058120W WO2012131954A1 WO 2012131954 A1 WO2012131954 A1 WO 2012131954A1 JP 2011058120 W JP2011058120 W JP 2011058120W WO 2012131954 A1 WO2012131954 A1 WO 2012131954A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cetane number
- fuel
- injection
- estimation
- injection timing
- Prior art date
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1497—With detection of the mechanical response of the engine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
- F02D2200/0611—Fuel type, fuel composition or fuel quality
- F02D2200/0612—Fuel type, fuel composition or fuel quality determined by estimation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/10—Parameters related to the engine output, e.g. engine torque or engine speed
- F02D2200/1002—Output torque
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cetane number estimation device for estimating the cetane number of fuel supplied to a diesel engine.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a device that injects a small amount of fuel from a fuel injection valve, detects an index value of engine torque generated by the fuel injection, and estimates the cetane number of the fuel based on the index value. Proposed. In this apparatus, focusing on the fact that the engine torque generated by a predetermined amount of fuel injection changes according to the cetane number of the fuel, the cetane number of the fuel is estimated based on the index value of the engine torque generated by the fuel injection.
- Patent Document 1 when estimating the cetane number of fuel, the fuel injection is repeatedly performed several tens of times while changing the injection timing, and the index value of the engine torque generated by the execution of the fuel injection is separately set.
- An apparatus for detection has also been proposed. This device specifies the injection timing at which misfiring starts based on the detected change tendency of the index value of the engine torque, and estimates the cetane number of the fuel based on the same period. In this apparatus, the estimation of the cetane number of the fuel is executed by utilizing the tendency that the injection timing at which misfiring starts becomes the advanced timing as the cetane number of the fuel is lower.
- the fuel injection is performed with the above-mentioned engine torque when the cetane number of the fuel changes. It is desirable to execute in a situation where the degree of change (hereinafter, torque sensitivity) becomes large.
- the torque sensitivity is not constant, it varies depending on the timing of fuel injection and the cetane number of the fuel at that time, and the engine torque hardly changes even when the cetane number of the fuel changes. There is also.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a cetane number estimation device capable of accurately estimating the cetane number of fuel while suppressing the number of executions of fuel injection.
- the cetane number estimation device in a diesel engine to which the device is applied, basic injection control for controlling the fuel injection mode based on the engine operating state, and estimation of the cetane number of the fuel And auxiliary injection control for controlling the fuel injection mode. Further, in this diesel engine, three or more regions that are separated from each other with respect to the cetane number of the fuel are set, and engine control is executed in a different execution manner for each region.
- fuel injection at a predetermined injection amount and injection timing is executed as auxiliary injection control corresponding to each of a plurality of boundaries that divide a plurality of regions, and the engine torque generated by the execution is controlled.
- An index value is detected, and based on the detected index value, it is estimated whether the cetane number of the fuel is greater than a specific boundary or less than the same boundary. Then, assuming that the injection timing corresponding to the boundary to be estimated at that time is the target injection timing and the injection timing corresponding to the other boundary is the non-target injection timing, the torque at the time of execution of fuel injection at the target injection timing
- the target injection timing is set such that the sensitivity is greater than the torque sensitivity when it is assumed that fuel injection is executed at the non-target injection timing.
- the retarded timing is set such that the boundary to be estimated is a value on the high cetane number side.
- the estimation of the boundary on the lowest cetane number side among the plurality of boundaries is executed prior to the estimation of other boundaries.
- the estimation for the boundary on the lowest cetane number side can be performed. Therefore, when the cetane number of the fuel supplied to the diesel engine changes from the high cetane number side region to the lowest cetane number side region, this can be grasped at an early stage. The occurrence of misfire can be suitably suppressed.
- the injection timing calculated based on the engine speed based on the relationship between the predetermined engine speed and the injection timing is used as the predetermined injection time.
- the engine torque generated by fuel injection at a predetermined amount changes in accordance with the engine rotational speed at the time of fuel injection in addition to changing according to the cetane number of the fuel.
- Such a difference in engine torque due to a difference in engine rotational speed is a cause of a decrease in estimation accuracy when the cetane number is estimated based on the index value of the engine torque.
- the engine torque generated by fuel injection at a predetermined amount also changes depending on the fuel injection execution timing. Therefore, by setting the injection timing according to the engine rotation speed, it becomes possible to execute the fuel injection by the auxiliary injection control so that the variation in the index value of the engine torque due to the difference in the engine rotation speed can be suppressed. I can say.
- the cetane number is estimated based on the index value. It becomes possible to execute with high accuracy.
- the estimation unit determines that the cetane number of the fuel is less than the boundary when the index value is smaller than a predetermined determination value corresponding to each of the plurality of boundaries. When the index value is not less than the determination value, it is determined that the cetane number of the fuel is not less than the same boundary.
- fuel injection is performed at a predetermined injection amount and injection timing by auxiliary injection control on the condition that fuel cut is performed during deceleration operation of a vehicle equipped with a diesel engine. Is done.
- the fuel injection by the basic injection control is stopped, the fuel injection at the predetermined injection timing by the auxiliary injection control can be executed.
- basic injection control is executed as the engine control.
- the plurality of regions include a low cetane number region, a medium cetane number region, and a high cetane number region.
- the fuel injection by the auxiliary injection control for estimating whether the cetane number of the fuel is greater than or equal to the boundary between the low cetane number region and the medium cetane number region (hereinafter referred to as the boundary BL) and less than the boundary BL is performed in advance. It is executed at a predetermined first injection timing, that is, an advanced timing suitable for a situation where the cetane number is low. Therefore, it is possible to set the injection timing at which the torque sensitivity becomes high in the vicinity of the boundary BL as the first injection timing, and based on the index value of the engine torque generated with the execution of fuel injection at the first injection timing. Thus, the above estimation can be performed with high accuracy.
- boundary BH boundary between the medium cetane number region and the high cetane number region (hereinafter referred to as boundary BH) and less than the boundary BH is performed in advance. It is executed at a predetermined second injection timing, that is, a relatively retarded timing suitable for a situation where the cetane number is high. Therefore, it is possible to set the injection timing at which the torque sensitivity is high near the boundary BH as the second injection timing, and based on the index value of the engine torque generated when the fuel injection is performed at the second injection timing. Thus, the above estimation can be performed with high accuracy.
- the cetane number of the fuel is based on the result estimated together with the execution of the fuel injection at the first injection timing and the result estimated with the execution of the fuel injection at the second injection timing retarded from the first injection timing. It is possible to accurately estimate which of the above three regions is. Therefore, according to the above aspect, it is possible to accurately estimate the cetane number of the fuel while suppressing the number of executions of the fuel injection, as compared with the apparatus that repeatedly executes the fuel injection while changing the injection timing as described above. become.
- the graph which shows the other example of the relationship between the detection frequency of the rotation fluctuation amount at the time of execution of fuel injection, and the cetane number of fuel.
- the flowchart which shows the specific execution procedure of the estimation control process of 1st Embodiment. Explanatory drawing explaining the calculation method of rotation fluctuation amount.
- the flowchart which shows the specific execution procedure of the estimation control process of 2nd Embodiment.
- the vehicle 10 is equipped with a diesel engine 11 as a drive source.
- the crankshaft 12 of the diesel engine 11 is connected to wheels 15 via a clutch mechanism 13 and a manual transmission 14.
- a clutch operating member for example, a clutch pedal
- the clutch mechanism 13 is in an operating state in which the connection between the crankshaft 12 and the manual transmission 14 is released.
- An intake passage 17 is connected to the cylinder 16 of the diesel engine 11. Air is sucked into the cylinder 16 of the diesel engine 11 through the intake passage 17.
- a direct injection type fuel injection valve 20 that directly injects fuel into the cylinder 16 is attached to the diesel engine 11 for each cylinder 16. The fuel injected by opening the fuel injection valve 20 is ignited and burned in contact with the intake air compressed and heated in the cylinder 16 of the diesel engine 11.
- the piston 18 is pushed down by the energy generated by the combustion of the fuel in the cylinder 16, and the crankshaft 12 is forcibly rotated.
- the combustion gas combusted in the cylinder 16 of the diesel engine 11 is discharged as an exhaust gas into the exhaust passage 19 of the diesel engine 11.
- Each fuel injection valve 20 is individually connected to a common rail 34 via a branch passage 31a, and the common rail 34 is connected to a fuel tank 32 via a supply passage 31b.
- a fuel pump 33 that pumps fuel is provided in the supply passage 31b.
- the fuel boosted by the pumping by the fuel pump 33 is stored in the common rail 34 and supplied to each fuel injection valve 20.
- a return passage 35 is connected to each fuel injection valve 20, and each return passage 35 is connected to a fuel tank 32. Part of the fuel inside the fuel injection valve 20 is returned to the fuel tank 32 through the return passage 35.
- a needle valve 22 is provided inside the housing 21 of the fuel injection valve 20.
- the needle valve 22 is provided in a state capable of reciprocating in the housing 21 (moving up and down in the figure).
- a spring 24 that constantly urges the needle valve 22 toward the injection hole 23 (the lower side in the figure).
- a nozzle chamber 25 is formed in the housing 21 at a position on one side (lower side in the figure) with the needle valve 22 interposed therebetween, and on the other side (upper side in the figure).
- a pressure chamber 26 is formed.
- the nozzle chamber 25 has an injection hole 23 that communicates the inside with the outside of the housing 21, and fuel is supplied from the branch passage 31 a (common rail 34) through the introduction passage 27.
- the pressure chamber 26 is connected to the nozzle chamber 25 and the branch passage 31a (common rail 34) via a communication passage 28.
- the pressure chamber 26 is connected to a return passage 35 (fuel tank 32) via a discharge passage 30.
- a piezoelectric actuator 29 in which a piezoelectric element (for example, a piezo element) that expands and contracts by input of a drive signal is provided in the housing 21.
- a valve body 29 a is attached to the piezoelectric actuator 29, and the valve body 29 a is provided inside the pressure chamber 26. Then, through the movement of the valve element 29 a by the operation of the piezoelectric actuator 29, one of the communication path 28 (nozzle chamber 25) and the discharge path 30 (return path 35) is selectively communicated with the pressure chamber 26. It has become.
- the piezoelectric actuator 29 expands to move the valve element 29a, the communication between the communication passage 28 and the pressure chamber 26 is cut off, and the return passage. 35 and the pressure chamber 26 are in communication with each other.
- part of the fuel in the pressure chamber 26 is returned to the fuel tank 32 via the return passage 35 in a state where fuel outflow from the nozzle chamber 25 to the pressure chamber 26 is prohibited.
- the pressure of the fuel in the pressure chamber 26 decreases and the pressure difference between the pressure chamber 26 and the nozzle chamber 25 increases, and the pressure difference causes the needle valve 22 to move against the biasing force of the spring 24 and inject.
- the fuel injection valve 20 is in a state in which fuel is injected (opened state) at this time.
- the fuel injection valve 20 is integrally attached with a pressure sensor 41 that outputs a signal corresponding to the fuel pressure PQ inside the introduction passage 27. For this reason, for example, the fuel in a portion near the injection hole 23 of the fuel injection valve 20 as compared with a device that detects the fuel pressure at a position away from the fuel injection valve 20 such as the fuel pressure in the common rail 34 (see FIG. 1). The pressure can be detected, and the change in the fuel pressure inside the fuel injection valve 20 accompanying the opening of the fuel injection valve 20 can be detected with high accuracy.
- One pressure sensor 41 is provided for each fuel injection valve 20, that is, for each cylinder 16 of the diesel engine 11.
- the diesel engine 11 is provided with various sensors as peripheral devices for detecting an operation state.
- a crank sensor 42 for detecting the rotational phase and rotational speed (engine rotational speed NE) of the crankshaft 12 is provided.
- an accelerator sensor 43 for detecting an operation amount (accelerator operation amount ACC) of an accelerator operation member (for example, an accelerator pedal), a vehicle speed sensor 44 for detecting a traveling speed of the vehicle 10, and an operation of the clutch operation member
- a clutch switch 45 for detecting the presence or absence is also provided.
- an electronic control unit 40 configured with a microcomputer is also provided.
- the electronic control unit 40 takes in the output signals of various sensors and performs various calculations based on the output signals, and the diesel engine 11 such as operation control (fuel injection control) of the fuel injection valve 20 according to the calculation results.
- operation control fuel injection control
- Various controls related to the operation are executed.
- the electronic control unit 40 functions as an estimation unit, a first estimation unit, and a second estimation unit.
- the fuel injection control of this embodiment is basically executed as follows.
- control for temporarily stopping fuel injection for operation of the diesel engine 11 is executed.
- three regions of a low cetane number region, a medium cetane number region, and a high cetane number region are set in order from the lowest cetane number of the fuel, and the fuel is executed in different execution modes for each region. Injection control is executed. Specifically, for example, in the region where the cetane number is lower, the advance timing is set as the required injection timing Tst.
- the fuel injection from the fuel injection valve 20 is executed in this way, an error may occur in the execution timing and the injection amount due to the initial individual difference of the fuel injection valve 20 and the change over time. Such an error is not preferable because the output torque of the diesel engine 11 is changed. Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to properly execute the fuel injection from each fuel injection valve 20 according to the operating state of the diesel engine 11, the fuel injection is performed based on the fuel pressure PQ detected by the pressure sensor 41. A correction process for forming the rate detection time waveform and correcting the required injection timing Tst and the required injection time Ttm based on the detection time waveform is executed. This correction process is executed for each cylinder 16 of the diesel engine 11 separately.
- the fuel pressure inside the fuel injection valve 20 is reduced when the fuel injection valve 20 is opened, and then increased when the fuel injection valve 20 is closed. It fluctuates with it. Therefore, the actual operating characteristics of the fuel injection valve 20 (for example, the timing when the valve opening operation is started or the timing when the valve closing operation is started) are monitored by monitoring the fluctuation waveform of the fuel pressure when the fuel injection is performed. It can be accurately grasped. Therefore, by correcting the required injection timing Tst and the required injection time Ttm based on the actual operating characteristics of the fuel injection valve 20, the fuel injection timing and the fuel injection amount can be accurately adjusted in accordance with the operating state of the diesel engine 11. Can be set.
- FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the transition of the fuel pressure PQ and the detection time waveform of the fuel injection rate.
- valve opening operation start timing Tos a timing at which the valve opening operation of the fuel injection valve 20 (specifically, movement of the needle valve 22 toward the valve opening side) is started (valve opening operation start timing Tos), fuel When the injection rate becomes maximum (maximum injection rate arrival time Toe), when the fuel injection rate starts to decrease (injection rate decrease start time Tcs), and when the fuel injection valve 20 is closed (specifically, the needle valve 22
- Tce valve closing operation completion timing
- the average value of the fuel pressure PQ in the predetermined period T1 immediately before the start of the valve opening operation of the fuel injection valve 20 is calculated, and the average value is stored as the reference pressure Pbs.
- the reference pressure Pbs is used as a pressure corresponding to the fuel pressure inside the fuel injection valve 20 when the valve is closed.
- the predetermined pressure P1 corresponds to the change in the fuel pressure PQ, that is, the movement of the needle valve 22 even when the needle valve 22 is in the closed position when the fuel injection valve 20 is driven to open or close. This is a pressure corresponding to a change in the fuel pressure PQ that does not contribute.
- a first-order differential value of the fuel pressure PQ during a period in which the fuel pressure PQ drops immediately after the start of fuel injection is calculated.
- a tangent line L1 of the time waveform of the fuel pressure PQ at the point where the first-order differential value is minimized is obtained, and an intersection point A between the tangent line L1 and the operating pressure Pac is calculated.
- the timing corresponding to the point AA where the intersection A is returned to the past timing by the detection delay of the fuel pressure PQ is specified as the valve opening operation start timing Tos.
- the detection delay is a period corresponding to the delay of the change timing of the fuel pressure PQ with respect to the pressure change timing of the nozzle chamber 25 (see FIG. 2) of the fuel injection valve 20, and the distance between the nozzle chamber 25 and the pressure sensor 41. This is a delay caused by the above.
- the first-order differential value of the fuel pressure PQ during the period in which the fuel pressure PQ rises after dropping once immediately after the start of fuel injection is calculated.
- the tangent L2 of the time waveform of the fuel pressure PQ at the point where the first-order differential value becomes maximum is obtained, and the intersection B between the tangent L2 and the operating pressure Pac is calculated.
- the timing corresponding to the point BB where the intersection B is returned to the past timing by the detection delay is specified as the valve closing operation completion timing Tce.
- a time CC at which the intersection C is returned to the past time by the detection delay is calculated, and a point D at which the virtual maximum fuel injection rate VRt is reached at the same time CC is specified.
- the timing corresponding to the intersection E between the straight line L3 connecting the point D and the valve opening operation start timing Tos (specifically, the point at which the fuel injection rate becomes “0” at the same time Tos) and the maximum injection rate Rt is obtained. It is specified as the maximum injection rate arrival time Toe.
- the timing corresponding to the intersection F between the straight line L4 and the maximum injection rate Rt connecting the point D and the valve closing operation completion timing Tce (specifically, the point at which the fuel injection rate becomes “0” at the same time Tce) is injected. It is specified as the rate drop start time Tcs.
- the trapezoidal time waveform formed by the valve opening operation start timing Tos, the maximum injection rate arrival timing Toe, the injection rate drop start timing Tcs, the valve closing operation completion timing Tce and the maximum injection rate Rt is a fuel injection rate in fuel injection. Is used as a detection time waveform.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a specific processing procedure of the correction processing, and a series of processing shown in the flowchart is executed by the electronic control unit 40 as interruption processing at predetermined intervals.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of the relationship between the detection time waveform and the basic time waveform.
- a detection time waveform at the time of execution of fuel injection is formed based on the fuel pressure PQ (step S101). Further, based on the operating state of the diesel engine 11 such as the accelerator operation amount ACC and the engine rotational speed NE, a basic value (basic time waveform) for the time waveform of the fuel injection rate at the time of executing fuel injection is set (step). S102).
- the relationship between the operation state of the diesel engine 11 and the basic time waveform suitable for the operation state is obtained in advance based on the results of experiments and simulations and stored in the electronic control unit 40.
- a basic time waveform is set from the above relationship based on the operation state of the diesel engine 11 at that time.
- the basic time waveform (one-dot chain line) includes the valve opening operation start timing Tosb, the maximum injection rate arrival timing Toeb, the injection rate drop start timing Tcsb, the valve closing operation completion timing Tceb, and the maximum injection rate.
- the specified trapezoidal time waveform is set.
- the basic time waveform and the detection time waveform (solid line) are compared, and a correction term for correcting the control target value (the required injection timing Tst) of the fuel injection start timing based on the comparison result.
- K1 and a correction term K2 for correcting the control target value (required injection time Ttm) of the execution time of the same fuel injection are respectively calculated.
- a value obtained by correcting the required injection timing Tst by the correction term K1 (in this embodiment, a value obtained by adding the correction term K1 to the required injection timing Tst) is calculated as the final required injection timing Tst.
- the injection start time is accurately set in accordance with the operation state of the diesel engine 11.
- a value obtained by correcting the required injection time Ttm by the correction term K2 (in this embodiment, a value obtained by adding the correction term K2 to the required injection time Ttm) is calculated as the final required injection time Ttm.
- the required injection timing Tst is based on the difference between the actual operating characteristic (specifically, the detection time waveform) of the fuel injection valve 20 and the predetermined basic operating characteristic (specifically, the basic time waveform). Since the required injection time Ttm is corrected, the deviation between the actual operating characteristics of the fuel injection valve 20 and the basic operating characteristics (the operating characteristics of the fuel injection valve having standard characteristics) can be suppressed. Therefore, the injection timing and the injection amount in the fuel injection from each fuel injection valve 20 are set appropriately so as to match the operation state of the diesel engine 11.
- the drive control of the fuel injection valve 20 based on the required injection timing Tst and the required injection time Ttm functions as basic injection control for controlling the fuel injection mode based on the engine operating state.
- control for estimating the cetane number of the fuel provided for combustion in the diesel engine 11 is executed.
- the outline of this estimation control will be described below.
- an execution condition including a condition that the fuel cut control is being executed ([Condition A] described later) is set. Then, when this execution condition is satisfied, fuel injection to the diesel engine 11 at a predetermined amount (for example, several cubic millimeters) is executed, and the diesel engine 11 generated with the execution of the fuel injection.
- the output torque index value (rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE described later) is detected and stored. Thereafter, the cetane number of the fuel is estimated based on this rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE. As the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE, a larger value is detected when a large output torque is generated in the diesel engine 11.
- the cetane number of the fuel supplied to the diesel engine 11 The higher the cetane number of the fuel supplied to the diesel engine 11, the easier it is to ignite the fuel, and the less unburned fuel of the fuel decreases, so the engine torque generated as the fuel burns increases.
- the cetane number of the fuel is estimated based on the relationship between the cetane number of the fuel and the output torque of the diesel engine 11.
- the control related to the fuel injection for estimating the cetane number of the fuel controls the injection mode of the fuel in relation to the estimation of the cetane number. Acts as a control.
- FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE, the cetane number of the fuel, and the injection timing obtained based on the results of various experiments and simulations by the inventors.
- the injection timing at which the torque sensitivity is maximized becomes the retarded timing as the cetane number of the fuel increases.
- the slopes of the lines L1 to L6 are values corresponding to torque sensitivity. For example, at the boundary BL between the low cetane number region and the medium cetane number region, the torque sensitivity is greatest when fuel injection is performed at the injection timing corresponding to the line L3 among the lines L1 to L6. On the other hand, at the boundary BH between the medium cetane number region and the high cetane number region, the fuel was injected at the injection timing corresponding to the line L5, that is, the injection timing that is retarded from the injection timing corresponding to the line L3. In this case, the torque sensitivity is the highest.
- the control target value of the injection timing in the auxiliary injection control (target injection timing TQstA)
- TQstA target injection timing
- TQstB target injection timing
- the target injection timing TQstA is a target injection timing corresponding to the boundary BL
- the target injection timing TQstB is an asymmetric injection timing corresponding to another boundary BH.
- each target is set such that the torque sensitivity at the time of executing fuel injection at the target injection timing TQstA is larger than the torque sensitivity when it is assumed that fuel injection is executed at the target injection timing TQstB.
- Injection timings TQstA and TQstB are set.
- the target injection timing TQstB is a target injection timing corresponding to the boundary BH
- the target injection timing TQstA is an asymmetric injection timing corresponding to another boundary BL.
- each target is set such that the torque sensitivity at the time of executing the fuel injection at the target injection timing TQstB is larger than the torque sensitivity when it is assumed that the fuel injection is executed at the target injection timing TQstA.
- Injection timings TQstA and TQstB are set.
- the output torque of the diesel engine 11 generated with fuel injection increases as the engine speed NE increases.
- the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE which is the index value
- ⁇ NE which is the index value
- the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE detected at the time of execution of fuel injection at a predetermined amount changes in accordance with the engine rotational speed NE at the time of execution of fuel injection in addition to changing according to the cetane number of fuel. It can be said.
- Such a difference in the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE due to the difference in the engine rotational speed NE causes a decrease in estimation accuracy when the cetane number is estimated based on the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE.
- the rotation fluctuation amount ⁇ NE becomes smaller as the fuel injection timing is the retarded timing. Get smaller. This is considered to be because the fuel burns when the temperature and pressure in the cylinder 16 are low as the injection timing is retarded, and the amount of unburned fuel increases. Therefore, by setting the injection timing according to the engine speed NE, it is possible to execute fuel injection by auxiliary injection control so that the variation in the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE due to the difference in the engine speed NE can be suppressed. It can be said.
- the injection timing in the auxiliary injection control is set based on the engine speed NE.
- the target injection timing TQstA at the time of execution of estimation of the cetane number at the boundary BL on the low cetane number side is an injection timing as close as possible to the injection timing at which the torque sensitivity is highest at the boundary BL, and the engine speed
- An injection timing is set at which variation in the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE due to the difference in speed NE is suppressed.
- the target injection timing TQstB at the time of execution of estimation of the cetane number at the boundary BH on the high cetane number side is an injection timing as close as possible to the injection timing at which the torque sensitivity is highest at the boundary BH, and the engine speed.
- An injection timing is set at which variation in the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE due to the difference in NE is suppressed.
- the relationship between the target injection timing TQstA and the engine speed NE described above is obtained in advance based on the results of various experiments and simulations, and the relationship is stored in the electronic control unit 40 as the operation map L. Yes.
- the target injection timing TQstA is set based on the engine rotation speed NE based on the calculation map L.
- the relationship between the target injection timing TQstB and the engine speed NE described above is obtained in advance based on the results of various experiments and simulations, and the relationship is stored in the electronic control unit 40 as the operation map H.
- the target injection timing TQstB is set based on the engine speed NE based on the calculation map H.
- the estimation of the cetane number at the boundary BL is executed as follows. That is, first, fuel injection at a predetermined target injection timing TQstA is executed as auxiliary injection control, and a rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE at the time of execution is detected. Based on the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE, it is estimated whether the cetane number of the fuel is greater than or less than the boundary BL between the low cetane number region and the medium cetane number region and less than the boundary BL.
- the cetane number of the fuel is less than the boundary BL when the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE is smaller than a predetermined low cetane number determination value JL, and the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE is greater than or equal to the low cetane number determination value JL.
- the cetane number of the fuel is not less than the boundary BL.
- a determination value that can accurately determine whether the cetane number of the fuel is less than the boundary BL or greater than or equal to the boundary BL based on the results of various experiments and simulations. The same value is obtained and stored in the electronic control unit 40 as the low cetane number determination value JL.
- the fuel injection for estimating whether the cetane number of the fuel is greater than or less than the boundary BL between the low cetane number region and the medium cetane number region and less than the boundary BL is the target injection timing TQstA, that is, cetane. It is executed at a relatively advanced time suitable for a low-value situation. Therefore, fuel injection by the auxiliary injection control can be executed at the injection timing when the torque sensitivity becomes high in the vicinity of the boundary BL, and the above estimation is accurately performed based on the index value of the engine torque generated along with the execution of the fuel injection. Will be able to.
- FIG. 7 shows the result of detecting the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE while performing fuel injection at the target injection timing TQstA using three types of fuel, low cetane number fuel, medium cetane number fuel, and high cetane number fuel. An example is shown.
- the target injection timing TQstA is set based on the engine speed NE. Therefore, the target injection timing TQstA can be set so that the variation in the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE caused by the difference in the engine rotational speed NE can be suppressed. Therefore, the estimation of the cetane number based on the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE can be accurately performed. Be able to run.
- the estimation of the cetane number at the boundary BH is executed as follows. That is, first, fuel injection at a predetermined target injection timing TQstB is executed as auxiliary injection control, and a rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE at the time of execution is detected. Based on the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE, it is estimated whether the cetane number of the fuel is greater than or less than the boundary BH between the medium cetane number region and the high cetane number region and less than the boundary BH.
- the cetane number of the fuel is less than the boundary BH when the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE is smaller than a predetermined high cetane number determination value JH, and the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE is greater than or equal to the high cetane number determination value JH.
- the cetane number of the fuel is greater than or equal to the boundary BH.
- a determination value that can accurately determine whether the cetane number of the fuel is less than the boundary BH or more than the boundary BH is obtained in advance based on the results of various experiments and simulations. The same value is stored in the electronic control unit 40 as the high cetane number determination value JH.
- the fuel injection for estimating whether the cetane number of the fuel is greater than or equal to the boundary BH between the medium cetane number region and the high cetane number region and less than the boundary BH is the target injection timing TQstB, that is, cetane. It is executed at a relatively retarded angle suitable for high-value situations. Therefore, fuel injection by the auxiliary injection control can be executed at the injection timing when the torque sensitivity becomes high in the vicinity of the boundary BH, and the above estimation is accurately performed based on the index value of the engine torque generated along with the execution of the fuel injection. Will be able to.
- FIG. 8 shows the result of detecting the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE while performing fuel injection at the target injection timing TQstB separately using three types of fuel, low cetane number fuel, medium cetane number fuel, and high cetane number fuel. An example is shown.
- the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE detected when the medium cetane number fuel is used and the high cetane number is longer. Therefore, the high cetane number judgment value JH is easily set between the range in which the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE is detected when the medium cetane number fuel is used and the range in which the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE is detected when the high cetane number fuel is used. Therefore, it is possible to accurately determine the cetane number of the fuel based on the determination value JH.
- the interval between the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE detected when the low cetane number fuel is used and the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE detected when the medium cetane number fuel is used is short.
- the target injection timing TQstB is set based on the engine speed NE. Therefore, the target injection timing TQstB can be set so that the variation in the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE caused by the difference in the engine rotational speed NE can be suppressed, so that the estimation of the cetane number based on the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE can be accurately performed. Be able to run.
- the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE at the time of execution of fuel injection at the target injection timing TQstA is less than the low cetane number determination value JL, it is determined that the cetane number of the fuel is in the low cetane number region.
- the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE at the time of execution of fuel injection at the target injection timing TQstA is equal to or higher than the low cetane number determination value JL, and the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE at the time of execution of fuel injection at the target injection timing TQstB is high.
- it is less than the determination value JH it is determined that the cetane number of the fuel is in the medium cetane number region.
- the cetane number estimation at the low cetane number side boundary BL is performed as the cetane number at the high cetane number side boundary BL. This is executed prior to estimation.
- the combustion state of the fuel may deteriorate and cause misfires.
- estimation control at the start of execution of estimation of the cetane number of fuel by estimation control, first, estimation of the cetane number for the boundary BL on the low cetane number side can be performed, so that fuel is replenished. For example, when the low cetane number fuel is supplied to the diesel engine 11, this can be grasped early.
- the execution of engine control suitable for a low cetane number can be started early, and the cetane number of the fuel supplied to the diesel engine 11 has changed from a high cetane number region or a medium cetane number region to a low cetane number region.
- the occurrence of misfire caused by this can be suitably suppressed.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a specific execution procedure of the estimation control process. Note that the series of processes shown in this flowchart conceptually shows the execution procedure of the estimation control process, and the actual process is executed by the electronic control unit 40 as an interrupt process at predetermined intervals.
- step S201 it is first determined whether or not an execution condition is satisfied.
- the execution condition is satisfied when all of the following [Condition A] to [Condition C] are satisfied.
- [Condition A] The fuel cut control is executed.
- [Condition B] The clutch mechanism 13 is in an operating state in which the connection between the crankshaft 12 and the manual transmission 14 is released. Specifically, the clutch operating member is operated.
- [Condition C] The execution completion flag is turned off.
- step S201 NO
- the process is temporarily terminated without executing the processes of the following steps S202 to S217, that is, the process of estimating the cetane number of the fuel.
- step S202 it is determined whether or not the low cetane completion flag is turned off.
- the low cetane completion flag is turned off when the operation switch is turned on to start the operation of the diesel engine 11, while the cetane number is estimated at the boundary BL on the low cetane number side (steps S203 to S203). This flag is turned on when the execution of S207) is completed. Since the low cetane completion flag is turned off, it is determined that the estimation of the cetane number at the boundary BL on the low cetane number side is not yet completed after the operation of the diesel engine 11 is started.
- step S202 If the low cetane completion flag is turned off (step S202: YES), execution of a process for estimating the cetane number at the boundary BL is started.
- the target injection timing TQstA is set from the calculation map L based on the engine speed NE (step S203). Thereafter, the target injection timing TQstA and the control target value (target injection time TQtm) of the predetermined fuel injection time are corrected by the correction terms K1 and K2 calculated by the correction processing described above (step S204). Specifically, a value obtained by adding the correction term K1 to the target injection time TQstA is set as a new target injection time TQstA, and a value obtained by adding the correction term K2 to the target injection time TQtm is set as a new target injection time TQtm.
- a value obtained by adding the correction term K1 to the target injection time TQstA is set as a new target injection time TQstA
- a value obtained by adding the correction term K2 to the target injection time TQtm is set as a new target injection time TQtm.
- step S205 drive control of the fuel injection valve 20 based on the target injection timing TQstA and the target injection time TQtm is executed, and fuel injection from the fuel injection valve 20 is executed (step S205).
- fuel injection in the auxiliary injection control is performed using a predetermined one of the plurality of fuel injection valves 20 (in this embodiment, the fuel injection valve 20 attached to the cylinder 16 [# 1]).
- the correction terms K1 and K2 used in the present processing are also set to predetermined ones of the fuel injection valves 20 (in this embodiment, the fuel injection valves 20 attached to the cylinder 16 [# 1]). Correspondingly calculated values are used.
- the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE is detected and stored as an index value of the output torque of the diesel engine 11 generated by the fuel injection (step S206).
- step S207 it is determined whether the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE is less than the low cetane number determination value JL (step S207 in FIG. 9). If the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE is less than the low cetane number determination value JL (step S207: YES), it is determined that the cetane number of the fuel at this time is in the low cetane number region (see FIG. 6) (step S207). (S208) After that, the basic injection control is executed in a manner commensurate with a low cetane number fuel. In this case, after the execution completion flag is turned on (step S209), this process is temporarily terminated.
- the execution completion flag is a flag that is turned off when the operation switch is turned on to start the operation of the diesel engine 11.
- the execution completion flag is turned on, it is determined that the estimation of the cetane number is completed after the diesel engine 11 is started.
- [condition C] is not satisfied (step S201: NO), and the subsequent processes (steps S202 to S217) are not executed. Therefore, in the present embodiment, when it is determined that the cetane number region at the boundary BL is a low cetane number region, a process of estimating the cetane number at the boundary BH between the medium cetane number region and the high cetane number region is executed. The cetane number region is determined.
- step S207: NO when the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE is greater than or equal to the low cetane number determination value JL (step S207: NO), the cetane number of the fuel at this time is either the medium cetane number region or the high cetane number region (see FIG. 6). If the low cetane determination flag is turned on (step S210), the process is temporarily terminated. In this case, since the determination completion flag is not turned on (the process of step S209 is jumped), [Condition C] remains established.
- step S201 YES
- step S202 NO
- step S202 NO
- the target injection timing TQstB is set from the calculation map H based on the engine speed NE (step S211). Thereafter, the target injection timing TQstB and the predetermined target injection time TQtm are corrected by the correction terms K1 and K2 calculated by the correction process described above (step S212). Specifically, a value obtained by adding the correction term K1 to the target injection time TQstB is set as a new target injection time TQstB, and a value obtained by adding the correction term K2 to the target injection time TQtm is set as a new target injection time TQtm.
- a value obtained by adding the correction term K1 to the target injection time TQstB is set as a new target injection time TQstB
- a value obtained by adding the correction term K2 to the target injection time TQtm is set as a new target injection time TQtm.
- step S213 drive control of the fuel injection valve 20 based on the target injection timing TQstB and the target injection time TQtm is executed, and fuel injection from the fuel injection valve 20 is executed (step S213).
- the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE is calculated and stored as an index value of the output torque of the diesel engine 11 generated by the fuel injection (step S214), and the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE is less than the high cetane number determination value JH. Is determined (step S215).
- step S215 If the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE is less than the high cetane number determination value JH (step S215: YES), it is determined that the cetane number of the fuel at this time is in the medium cetane number region (see FIG. 6) (step S215). S216), and thereafter, the basic injection control is executed in a mode commensurate with the medium cetane number fuel. On the other hand, if the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE is greater than or equal to the high cetane number determination value JH (step S215: NO), it is determined that the cetane number of the fuel at this time is in the high cetane number region (see FIG. 6) (step S215).
- step S217) After that, the basic injection control is executed in a manner commensurate with the high cetane number fuel. Then, after estimating whether the cetane number of the fuel is in the medium cetane number region or the high cetane number region based on the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE, the execution completion flag is turned on (step S209), and this process is temporarily performed. Is terminated.
- the cetane number of the fuel is a boundary based on the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE detected by executing fuel injection at a predetermined injection amount and injection timing as auxiliary injection control corresponding to each boundary BL, BH. (BL or BH) is estimated to be greater than or less than the boundary. Further, as the target injection timing (TQstA or TQstB) in the auxiliary injection control, the timing on the retard side is set as the cetane number estimation target is a higher cetane number side value. Therefore, it becomes possible to execute the fuel injection corresponding to each of the boundaries BL and BH in a situation where the torque sensitivity becomes large, and the above estimation based on the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE detected when the fuel injection is executed is high.
- the cetane number estimation at the low cetane number side boundary BL is executed prior to the cetane number estimation at the high cetane number side boundary BH. I did it. Therefore, at the start of execution of estimation of the cetane number of the fuel, first, the cetane number can be estimated for the boundary BL on the low cetane number side. Can be grasped at an early stage when the engine is supplied to the diesel engine 11. Therefore, execution of engine control suitable for a low cetane number can be started at an early stage, and the cetane number of the fuel supplied to the diesel engine 11 has changed from a high cetane number region or a medium cetane number region to a low cetane number. Generation
- the target injection timing TQstA is set based on the engine rotation speed NE based on the calculation map L, and the target injection timing TQstB is set based on the engine rotation speed NE based on the calculation map H. Therefore, since it is possible to set the injection timing so that the variation in the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE caused by the difference in the engine rotational speed NE can be suppressed, the estimation of the cetane number based on the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE is accurately executed. Will be able to.
- the execution mode of the estimation control is different between the cetane number estimation apparatus of the present embodiment and the cetane number estimation apparatus of the first embodiment.
- target injection timing TQstC is an injection timing (for example, an injection timing corresponding to the line L3 in FIG. 6) with a certain degree of torque sensitivity regardless of the cetane number fuel used, and the engine speed.
- the injection timing at which the variation in the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE due to the difference in NE is suppressed is set.
- the relationship between the target injection timing TQstC and the engine speed NE is obtained in advance based on the results of various experiments and simulations, and the relationship is stored in the electronic control unit 40 as the operation map V.
- the target injection timing TQstC is set based on the engine speed NE based on this calculation map V.
- the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE is detected as an index value of the engine torque generated when the fuel injection is executed at the target injection timing TQstC, and the cetane number is calculated from the calculation map VS based on the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE.
- a provisional value provisional cetane number
- provisional cetane number is obtained.
- the relationship between the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE and the temporary cetane number is obtained in advance based on the results of experiments and simulations, and the relationship is stored in the electronic control unit 40 as the operation map VS.
- the estimation control of the present embodiment by executing fuel injection at the injection timing (the target injection timing TQstC) at which torque sensitivity is increased to some extent regardless of the cetane number, the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE at that time is executed. Therefore, the cetane number of the fuel at this time can be detected with a certain degree of high detection accuracy.
- the target injection timing TQstD is set based on the temporary cetane number and the engine speed NE, and the fuel injection at the target injection timing TQstD is executed. More specifically, the target injection timing TQstD is an injection timing that is as close as possible to the injection timing at which the torque sensitivity is highest when the cetane number of the fuel is the temporary cetane number, and the amount of rotational fluctuation due to the difference in the engine speed NE The injection timing at which the variation in ⁇ NE is suppressed is set.
- the relationship among the target injection timing TQstD, the temporary cetane number, and the engine speed NE is obtained in advance based on the results of various experiments and simulations, and the relationship is stored in the electronic control unit 40 as the operation map R. Has been.
- the target injection timing TQstD is set based on the engine speed NE based on this calculation map R.
- the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE at the time of execution of fuel injection at the target injection timing TQstD is detected, and an estimated value (estimated cetane number) for the cetane number is calculated from the operation map RS based on the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE. Desired.
- the relationship between the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE and the estimated cetane number is obtained in advance based on the results of experiments and simulations, and the relationship is stored in the electronic control unit 40 as the operation map RS.
- the injection timing (target injection timing TQstD) at which the torque sensitivity becomes large when the temporary cetane number is a value close to the actual cetane number is set, and the fuel at the target injection timing TQstD is set. Injection can be performed. Therefore, the actual cetane number at that time can be detected with high accuracy based on the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE when the fuel injection is performed.
- the cetane number of the fuel at this time can be roughly specified as the provisional cetane number through fuel injection at the predetermined target injection timing TQstC. Then, by executing fuel injection at the target injection timing TQstD set based on this temporary cetane number, the cetane number of the fuel at this time can be detected with high accuracy.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a specific execution procedure of the estimation control process. Note that the series of processes shown in this flowchart conceptually shows the execution procedure of the estimation control process, and the actual process is executed by the electronic control unit 40 as an interrupt process at predetermined intervals.
- step S301 it is determined whether or not an execution condition is satisfied.
- the execution condition is satisfied when all of [Condition A] to [Condition C] are satisfied.
- step S301 NO
- this process is temporarily terminated without executing the processes of the following steps S302 to S314, that is, the process of estimating the cetane number of the fuel.
- step S301 it is determined whether or not the pre-determination completion flag is turned off (step S302).
- the pre-determination completion flag is turned off when the operation switch is turned on to start the operation of the diesel engine 11, while the process for calculating the temporary cetane number (steps S303 to S307) is completed. This flag is turned on. Since the pre-determination completion flag is turned off, it is determined that the calculation of the temporary cetane number has not yet been completed after the operation of the diesel engine 11 is started.
- step S302 If the pre-judgment completion flag is turned off (step S302: YES), execution of the process for calculating the temporary cetane number is started.
- the target injection timing TQstC is set from the calculation map V based on the engine rotational speed NE (step S303). Thereafter, the target injection timing TQstC and the control target value (target injection time TQtm) of the predetermined fuel injection time are corrected by the correction terms K1 and K2 calculated by the correction processing described above (step S304). Specifically, a value obtained by adding the correction term K1 to the target injection time TQstC is set as a new target injection time TQstC, and a value obtained by adding the correction term K2 to the target injection time TQtm is set as a new target injection time TQtm.
- a value obtained by adding the correction term K1 to the target injection time TQstC is set as a new target injection time TQstC
- a value obtained by adding the correction term K2 to the target injection time TQtm is set as a new target injection time TQtm.
- step S305 drive control of the fuel injection valve 20 based on the target injection timing TQstC and the target injection time TQtm is executed, and fuel injection from the fuel injection valve 20 is executed (step S305).
- fuel injection in the auxiliary injection control is performed using a predetermined one of the plurality of fuel injection valves 20 (in this embodiment, the fuel injection valve 20 attached to the cylinder 16 [# 1]).
- the correction terms K1 and K2 used in the present processing are also set to predetermined ones of the fuel injection valves 20 (in this embodiment, the fuel injection valves 20 attached to the cylinder 16 [# 1]). Correspondingly calculated values are used.
- Step S306 the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE at the time of execution of the fuel injection is calculated and stored (step S306), and a temporary cetane number is calculated from the calculation map VS based on the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE. (Step S307). Then, after the pre-determination flag is turned on (step S308), this process is temporarily ended.
- step S302 When the pre-judgment completion flag is turned on (step S302: YES), execution of processing for calculating the estimated cetane number (steps S309 to S314) is started.
- the target injection timing TQstD is set from the calculation map R based on the engine rotational speed NE (step S309). Thereafter, the target injection timing TQstD and the predetermined target injection time TQtm are corrected by the correction terms K1 and K2 calculated by the correction processing described above (step S310). Specifically, a value obtained by adding the correction term K1 to the target injection time TQstD is set as a new target injection time TQstD, and a value obtained by adding the correction term K2 to the target injection time TQtm is set as a new target injection time TQtm.
- a value obtained by adding the correction term K1 to the target injection time TQstD is set as a new target injection time TQstD
- a value obtained by adding the correction term K2 to the target injection time TQtm is set as a new target injection time TQtm.
- step S311 drive control of the fuel injection valve 20 based on the target injection timing TQstD and the target injection time TQtm is executed, and fuel injection from the fuel injection valve 20 is executed (step S311).
- the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE is detected and stored as an index value of the output torque of the diesel engine 11 generated by the fuel injection (step S312), and based on the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE, the calculation map RS is used.
- An estimated cetane number is calculated (step S313).
- the execution completion flag is a flag that is turned off when the operation switch is turned on to start the operation of the diesel engine 11. When the execution completion flag is turned on, it is determined that the estimation of the cetane number is completed after the diesel engine 11 is started.
- step S301: NO when the execution completion flag is turned on, [Condition C] is not satisfied (step S301: NO), and the subsequent processes (steps S302 to S314) are not executed. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the estimation of the estimated cetane number is performed only once every time the operation switch is turned on to start the operation of the diesel engine 11.
- EGR control, pilot injection control, etc. may be executed instead of or in addition to adopting basic injection control as engine control executed separately in each of the three regions divided by the cetane number of fuel Good.
- any engine control that changes the combustion state of the fuel can be employed as such engine control executed separately.
- the low cetane number determination value JL (or high cetane number determination value JH) is corrected. You may make it do.
- the calculation map VS used for calculating the temporary cetane number is corrected, or the target injection timing is based on the engine rotational speed NE.
- the calculation map RS used for calculating the estimated cetane number may be corrected.
- the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE may be corrected.
- the configuration for setting the target injection timing (TQstA, TQstB, TQstC, TQstD) based on the engine rotational speed NE may be omitted. Specifically, a fixed time is set as the target injection timings TQstA and TQstB of the first embodiment and the target injection timing TQstC of the second embodiment, or the target injection timing TQstD of the second embodiment is determined by the engine speed NE. And can be set based only on the provisional cetane number.
- the cetane number estimation device of each embodiment is also configured in a device in which four or more regions divided by the cetane number of fuel are set and engine control is performed in different execution modes for each region. It can be applied with appropriate changes.
- the cetane number of the fuel may be estimated as follows. That is, fuel injection at a predetermined injection amount and injection timing is executed corresponding to each boundary, and the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE at the time of execution is detected, and the fuel cetane is determined based on the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE. Estimate whether the valence is greater than or less than the boundary. Based on the estimation results, it is determined which of the above four regions the cetane number of the fuel is.
- the retarded timing is set as the target injection timing, thereby increasing the torque sensitivity of the fuel injection corresponding to each boundary.
- the above estimation based on the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE detected when these fuel injections are performed can be performed with high accuracy.
- the auxiliary injection control It is not necessary to adopt a configuration in which the retard side timing is set as the target injection timing.
- the fuel injection time at the target injection timing is The target injection timing corresponding to each boundary may be set so that the torque sensitivity at is higher than the torque sensitivity when it is assumed that the fuel injection is executed at the non-target injection timing. Further, as each target injection timing in this case, it is desirable to set an injection timing at which the torque sensitivity is highest at the boundary to be estimated (or an injection timing as close as possible to the same injection timing).
- the target injection timing corresponding to at least two of the boundaries can be set as the target injection timing corresponding to a plurality of boundaries.
- the configuration for correcting the target injection timing (TQstA, TQstB, TQstC, TQstD) and the target injection time TQtm by the correction terms K1, K2 may be omitted.
- a value other than the rotational fluctuation amount ⁇ NE may be calculated as an index value of the output torque of the diesel engine 11. For example, during execution of the estimation control, an engine rotation speed NE (running rotation speed) at the time of execution of fuel injection and an engine rotation speed NE immediately before the execution of the fuel injection are detected, and a difference between these speeds is calculated. The difference can be used as the index value.
- the pressure sensor 41 is mounted in an appropriate manner so that the fuel pressure indicator in the fuel injection valve 20 (specifically, in the nozzle chamber 25), in other words, the fuel pressure that changes with the change in the fuel pressure is appropriately set.
- the present invention is not limited to the mode of being directly attached to the fuel injection valve 20, but can be arbitrarily changed.
- the pressure sensor may be attached to the branch passage 31 a or the common rail 34.
- a fuel injection valve driven by the piezoelectric actuator 29 for example, a fuel injection valve driven by an electromagnetic actuator provided with a solenoid coil or the like may be employed.
- the cetane number estimation device can be applied not only to the vehicle 10 on which the clutch mechanism 13 and the manual transmission 14 are mounted, but also to a vehicle on which a torque converter and an automatic transmission are mounted. .
- fuel injection for estimating the cetane number of fuel may be executed.
- [Condition D] that the lock-up clutch is not engaged is newly set and the [Condition D] is satisfied.
- the fuel injection for estimating the cetane number of the fuel may be executed on the condition that
- the present invention is not limited to a diesel engine having four cylinders, but also to a single cylinder diesel engine, a diesel engine having two cylinders, a diesel engine having three cylinders, or a diesel engine having five or more cylinders. Can be applied.
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Abstract
Description
以下、本発明を具体化した第1実施形態にかかるセタン価推定装置について説明する。
また本実施形態では、機関回転速度NEに基づいて目標噴射時期TQstAが設定される。そのため、機関回転速度NEの相異に起因する回転変動量ΣΔNEのばらつきが抑えられるように目標噴射時期TQstAを設定することが可能になるため、回転変動量ΣΔNEに基づくセタン価の推定を精度よく実行することができるようになる。
[条件イ]前記燃料カット制御が実行されていること。
[条件ロ]クラッチ機構13がクランクシャフト12と手動変速機14との連結を解除する作動状態になっていること。具体的には、クラッチ操作部材が操作されていること。
[条件ハ]実行完了フラグがオフ操作されていること。
以下、本発明を具体化した第2実施形態にかかるセタン価推定装置について第1実施形態との相違点を中心に説明する。
なお、上記各実施形態は、以下のように変更して実施してもよい。
Claims (8)
- 機関運転状態に基づいて燃料の噴射態様を制御する基本噴射制御と燃料のセタン価の推定に関連して燃料の噴射態様を制御する補助噴射制御とが実行され、燃料のセタン価に関して互いに区切られた三つ以上の複数の領域が設定されるとともにそれら領域毎に異なる実行態様で機関制御が実行されるディーゼル機関に適用されて、燃料のセタン価が前記複数の領域のいずれの領域であるかを推定するセタン価推定装置であって、
前記複数の領域を区切る複数の境界の各々に対応して、前記補助噴射制御として予め定められた噴射量および噴射時期での燃料噴射を実行するとともにその実行に伴い発生する機関トルクの指標値を検出し、該検出した指標値に基づいて燃料のセタン価が前記境界以上および同境界未満のいずれであるかを推定する推定部を備え、
燃料のセタン価が変化した場合における前記機関トルクの変化の度合いをトルク感度とし、前記推定の対象となる境界に対応する噴射時期を対象噴射時期とし、その他の境界に対応する噴射時期を非対象噴射時期とすると、
前記推定部は、前記対象噴射時期での燃料噴射の実行時における前記トルク感度が前記非対象噴射時期で燃料噴射を実行したと仮定した場合における前記トルク感度より大きくなるように、前記複数の境界の各々に対応する前記対象噴射時期をそれぞれ設定する
ことを特徴とするセタン価推定装置。 - 請求項1に記載のセタン価推定装置において、
前記推定部は、前記予め定められた噴射時期として、前記推定の対象となる境界が高セタン価側の値であるときほど遅角側の時期を設定する
ことを特徴とするセタン価推定装置。 - 請求項1または2に記載のセタン価推定装置において、
前記推定部は、前記複数の境界の中で最も低セタン価側の境界についての前記推定を、他の境界についての前記推定に先立ち実行するものである
ことを特徴とするセタン価推定装置。 - 請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のセタン価推定装置において、
前記推定部は、予め定められた機関回転速度と噴射時期との関係をもとに機関回転速度に基づき算出した噴射時期を、前記予め定められた噴射時期として用いるものである
ことを特徴とするセタン価推定装置。 - 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のセタン価推定装置において、
前記推定部は、前記複数の境界の各々に対応して、前記指標値が予め定められた判定値より小さいときに燃料のセタン価が前記境界未満であると判断し、前記指標値が前記判定値以上であるときに燃料のセタン価が前記境界以上であると判断するものである
ことを特徴とするセタン価推定装置。 - 請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のセタン価推定装置において、
前記ディーゼル機関は車両に駆動源として搭載されるものであり、
前記推定部は、前記車両の減速運転時において燃料カットが行われていることを条件に、前記予め定められた噴射量および噴射時期での燃料噴射を実行するものである
ことを特徴とするセタン価推定装置。 - 請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のセタン価推定装置において、
前記機関制御は、前記基本噴射制御である
ことを特徴とするセタン価推定装置。 - 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のセタン価推定装置において、
前記複数の領域は低セタン価領域および中セタン価領域および高セタン価領域を含み、
前記推定部は、
前記補助噴射制御として予め定められた第1噴射時期での燃料噴射を実行し、その実行に伴い発生する機関トルクの指標値を検出し、その検出した指標値に基づいて燃料のセタン価が前記低セタン価領域と前記中セタン価領域との境界以上および同境界未満のいずれであるかを推定する第1推定部と、
前記補助噴射制御として予め定められた前記第1噴射時期より遅角側の第2噴射時期において燃料噴射を実行し、その実行に伴い発生する機関トルクの指標値を検出し、その検出した指標値に基づいて燃料のセタン価が前記中セタン価領域と前記高セタン価領域との境界以上および同境界未満のいずれであるかを推定する第2推定部と、を備える
ことを特徴とするセタン価推定装置。
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CN201180016827.6A CN102822488B (zh) | 2011-03-30 | 2011-03-30 | 十六烷值推定装置 |
BR112013004108-0A BR112013004108B1 (pt) | 2011-03-30 | 2011-03-30 | Aparelho de estimativa de índice de cetano |
JP2012538532A JP5273314B2 (ja) | 2011-03-30 | 2011-03-30 | セタン価推定装置 |
DE112011102608.0T DE112011102608B4 (de) | 2011-03-30 | 2011-03-30 | Cetanzahl-Bestimmungsvorrichtung |
PCT/JP2011/058120 WO2012131954A1 (ja) | 2011-03-30 | 2011-03-30 | セタン価推定装置 |
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CN (1) | CN102822488B (ja) |
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JP2018031341A (ja) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-03-01 | マツダ株式会社 | エンジンの燃料性状判定装置および燃焼制御装置 |
JP2018031339A (ja) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-03-01 | マツダ株式会社 | エンジンの燃料性状判定装置および燃焼制御装置 |
WO2021015127A1 (ja) * | 2019-07-25 | 2021-01-28 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 燃料性状検出装置 |
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JP6248670B2 (ja) | 2014-02-10 | 2017-12-20 | 株式会社デンソー | 燃料の燃焼性検出装置 |
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BR112013004108A2 (pt) | 2016-06-14 |
CN102822488B (zh) | 2015-05-20 |
JPWO2012131954A1 (ja) | 2014-07-24 |
DE112011102608T8 (de) | 2013-08-22 |
JP5273314B2 (ja) | 2013-08-28 |
CN102822488A (zh) | 2012-12-12 |
BR112013004108B1 (pt) | 2020-12-15 |
DE112011102608T5 (de) | 2013-06-13 |
DE112011102608B4 (de) | 2016-09-29 |
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