WO2012128619A2 - Configuration et procédé pour comprimer un gaz - Google Patents

Configuration et procédé pour comprimer un gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012128619A2
WO2012128619A2 PCT/NL2012/050145 NL2012050145W WO2012128619A2 WO 2012128619 A2 WO2012128619 A2 WO 2012128619A2 NL 2012050145 W NL2012050145 W NL 2012050145W WO 2012128619 A2 WO2012128619 A2 WO 2012128619A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
compressor
pressure
control
heat
air
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NL2012/050145
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2012128619A3 (fr
Inventor
Karl Hans VAN DER VLIET
Original Assignee
Aqua-Gutta B.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aqua-Gutta B.V. filed Critical Aqua-Gutta B.V.
Priority to AU2012231887A priority Critical patent/AU2012231887A1/en
Priority to MX2013010918A priority patent/MX2013010918A/es
Priority to EP12709980.2A priority patent/EP2689073A2/fr
Priority to US14/006,737 priority patent/US20140147295A1/en
Priority to KR1020137027946A priority patent/KR20140022846A/ko
Priority to CN2012800147255A priority patent/CN103443365A/zh
Publication of WO2012128619A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012128619A2/fr
Publication of WO2012128619A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012128619A3/fr
Priority to IL228407A priority patent/IL228407A0/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/26—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
    • F03B13/266—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy to compress air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B19/00—Machines or pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B17/00
    • F04B19/02—Machines or pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B17/00 having movable cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
    • F03D15/10—Transmission of mechanical power using gearing not limited to rotary motion, e.g. with oscillating or reciprocating members
    • F03D15/15—Changing or adjusting stroke
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/28—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being a pump or a compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F04B17/02—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/14—Control
    • F04B27/16—Control of pumps with stationary cylinders
    • F04B27/18—Control of pumps with stationary cylinders by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
    • E03B3/28—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from humid air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F03D9/11—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing electrical energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/076—Details of compressors or related parts having multiple cylinders driven by a rotating swash plate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/02—Compressor control
    • F25B2600/025—Compressor control by controlling speed
    • F25B2600/0253—Compressor control by controlling speed with variable speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/11—Fan speed control
    • F25B2600/111—Fan speed control of condenser fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/11—Fan speed control
    • F25B2600/112—Fan speed control of evaporator fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/17—Speeds
    • F25B2700/171—Speeds of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
    • F25B2700/1931—Discharge pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
    • F25B2700/1933—Suction pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
    • F25B2700/21151—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the suction side of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
    • F25B2700/21152—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the discharge side of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process to compress a gas driven by an external power source in the form of a variable rotation.
  • the invention is also related to a configuration to compress gas and to a heat-pump system comprising the configuration.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a simpler process and configuration. This is achieved by the following configuration and process.
  • control means which control means is capable of adjusting the control valve as a function of the rotational speed measured by the speed sensor.
  • the invention is also directed to a heat-pump system, comprising a refrigerant, an evaporator, a condenser and a configuration for compressing gas according to the invention.
  • the invention is also directed to a process to compress a gas using a reciprocating compressor provided with an adjustable swash plate and driven by an external power source in the form of a variable rotation and wherein the adjustable swash plate of the compressor is adjusted as a function of the speed of rotation.
  • Fig. 1 shows a diagrammatic view of a device for extracting humid from air in accordance with the invention
  • Fig.2 shows a sectional view of a reciprocating compressor, applied in the device of Fig.1 , provided with a swash plate in maximum stroke position and control valves,
  • Fig.3 shows a sectional view of a reciprocating compressor, applied in the device of Fig.1 , provided with a swash plate in minimum stroke position and control valves.
  • Figure 4 shows a wind turbine and a configuration according to the invention in combination with a container.
  • the configuration according to the invention comprises a reciprocating compressor provided with at least a control valve and a swash plate.
  • the control valve is a mechanically and/or electromagnetic control valve.
  • the swash plate ' angle adjustable with respect to a drive shaft of the pistons of the compressor.
  • the angle of the swash plate determines the displacement of the compressor. An increase in the angle results in a larger piston stroke and thus in a larger displacement.
  • the angle is adjustable by adjusting the control valve.
  • the control valve influences the pressure level within the housing of the compressor.
  • the control valve controls the pressure difference between the compressor housing and the discharge pressure of the compressor. When the control valve allows a high pressure difference a relatively low pressure in the housing will result.
  • the displacement of the compressor may be varied from 0 to 100% of its capacity and more preferably at a constant discharge pressure of the compressor. The latter is especially advantageous when the discharge pressure should remain constant at the variable rotational speeds of the power source, such as in a heat-pump application as will be discussed below.
  • This compressor enables to simply vary the displacement of the pistons of the compressor as a function of the rotational speed of the power sources varies. This is achieved by adjusting the control valve as a function of the rotational speed measured by the speed sensor. Preferably the adjustment is non-linear, in that the adjustment increases at lower rotational speeds.
  • the described reciprocating compressors may be commercially obtained. Thus no specially designed compressors are required like in the state of the art processes or designs. Nor is it necessary to combine multiple
  • control means for control continuously and infinitely the load of the reciprocating compressor by a speed sensor and an adjustable swash plate
  • control means for control an adjustment of the pistons setting stroke adjustment by mechanically and/or electromagnetic control valve in the reciprocating compressor to a set-point.
  • the variable rotational power source is suitably a wind turbine, a water driven turbine or a steam turbine and more preferably a wind turbine.
  • a water- driven turbine is a tidal force driven turbine, wherein the power will vary as a function of the tidal cycle.
  • An example of a steam turbine is suitably a steam turbine powered by concentrated solar power. The steam produced in such a process may vary as a function of solar intensity.
  • the power and torque produced by the wind-turbine may change continuously due to the continuous variable wind-speed and its effects on the wind-turbines rotor.
  • the mechanical drive is suitably a mechanical drive and gear train.
  • the speed sensor is suitably positioned on the drive train for measuring the rotation speed the power source.
  • the configuration can be used to compress a gas and store said compressed gas for use at another time.
  • wind power can be stored at times wherein wind speeds are high and wherein the power is used when the wind power is not sufficient to provide the required power.
  • the required power for example in the form of electricity, can be directly generated using the compressed gas. This avoids the need of using batteries for storing electricity generated directly from for example wind power.
  • the invention is also directed to a heat-pump system, comprising a refrigerant, an evaporator, a condenser, an expansion valve and a configuration for compressing gas according to the present invention.
  • a heat-pump may be advantageously used for air-conditioning, refrigerating or other cooling applications.
  • Applicants found that such a heat-pump system can easily adapt itself to varying rotational speeds of the power source and to varying starting temperatures of the medium, typically air, to which the heat-pump provides cooling.
  • the varying starting temperature of air may result from climate, day and night cycles and day to day weather changes.
  • a primary air fan is present in the heat-pump system to direct air to the evaporator; a secondary air fan is present to direct air to the condenser, a first pressure sensor to measure a first pressure of the refrigerant at the suction side of the compressor or a first temperature sensor to measure a first temperature of the refrigerant at the suction side of the compressor, a control means to control the primary air fan as a function of the first pressure measured by the first pressure sensor or as a function of the first temperature measured by the first temperature sensor. More preferably a second pressure sensor is present to measure a second pressure of the refrigerant at the discharge side of the compressor or a second temperature sensor to measure a second temperature of the refrigerant at the discharge side of the
  • a set- point for suction pressure and discharge pressure or suction temperature and discharge temperature will be chosen.
  • the chosen set-point may for example depend on the desired temperature of the air flows as they have passed either the evaporator and/or the condenser. Combinations of pressure sensor and control and temperature sensor and control are possible.
  • the heat-pump system uses pressure
  • the heat- pump system preferably has a passage connecting the air outlet of the evaporator with the air inlet of the condenser. This results in a lower condenser pressure and thus a higher compressor efficiency.
  • the heat-pump system having the above pressure and/or temperature sensors and control is advantageous in that the temperature reduction of the air as it passes the evaporator can be controlled in an optimal manner even when the rotational speed of the external power sources varies. This is especially advantageous when the heat- pump is used to condense water from the air. A certain temperature range of the air as it has passed the evaporator will then be required to achieve the desired condensation of water. With the present heat-pump this can be achieved in a simple manner, wherein the wind-turbine is leading and the heat-pump follows, in a master-slave relation.
  • control means to control the primary and secondary air fans operate independent of the first control means.
  • the control means to control the primary and secondary air fans keep the heat-pump system in balance.
  • a preferred heat-pump system therefore suitably comprises means to collect condensed water, for example comprising a collecting drip-pan, a water reservoir and an outlet for the collected water.
  • HFO 1234YF OpteonTM from DuPont.
  • the invention is also directed to a device for extracting humid from air, comprising a heat-pump system according to the invention and a wind-turbine as the variable rotational power source.
  • the wind-turbine may be any turbine which can be coupled to the mechanical drive of the compressor, optionally via a appropriate drive train.
  • the invention is also directed to a process to compress a gas using a reciprocating compressor provided with an adjustable swash plate and driven by an external power source in the form of a variable rotation and wherein the adjustable swash plate of the compressor is adjusted as a function of the speed of rotation.
  • the adjustment is non-linear.
  • the non-linear adjustment results in that the incremental increase of the compression power as a result of an increase in rotation speed is larger at higher rotational speeds.
  • the variable rotation of the external power source is measured using a speed sensor resulting in a measured speed of rotation.
  • the measured speed of rotation is suitably used as input to adjust the swash plate by mechanically and/or electromagnetic adjustment of a control valve as comprised in the reciprocating compressor.
  • the compressor may be a compressor as described above.
  • the gas is a refrigerant for use in a heat pump cycle comprising an evaporator, a condenser, an expansion valve, a flow of gaseous refrigerant and a flow of condensed refrigerant.
  • a process may find application in air conditioning, refrigeration and other thermal processes.
  • the process is used to cool or heat air. More preferably the flow of air comprising humid is suitably cooled by indirect heat exchange against a flow of gaseous refrigerant in the evaporator resulting in a mixture of condensed water and a cooled air flow.
  • the condensed water is suitably separated as a product of the process from the cooled air flow. In this manner a process is obtained wherein the humid from the air is obtained as liquid water by using a variable rotational power source such as wind.
  • the temperature of the cooled air flow is preferably between 0 and 10 °C and more preferably between 3 and 5 °C.
  • the desired temperature of the cooled air is achieved by choosing a corresponding suction and discharge pressure set-point or a temperature set point of the refrigerant. This set-point will be dependent on the evaporation and condensing properties of the refrigerant.
  • the flow of air in this process is adjusted as a function of the pressure of the gaseous refrigerant as present between evaporator and compressor in the heat- pump cycle. Or said otherwise at the suction side of the compressor. At a decrease in this pressure the flow of air is increased.
  • a flow of compressed gaseous refrigerant is condensed in the condenser by indirect heat exchange against mixed flow of secondary air and cooled air flow and wherein the flow of secondary air is adjusted as a function of the pressure of the gaseous refrigerant as present between the compressor and the condenser in the heat-pump cycle. At a decrease in this pressure the flow of air is decreased.
  • the flow of primary and secondary air are suitably generated by using one or more fans.
  • the fans are suitably electrically driven fans and the required electricity is preferably generated by an alternator which is drive by the same external power source in the form of a variable rotation as described above.
  • the external power source in the form of a variable rotation also drives a generator to generate electricity and more preferably the generated electricity is used to operate the heat- pump cycle, such as these air fans.
  • the invention is also directed to a device for extracting humid from air, comprising a wind-turbine for energy supply, a mechanical drive and gear train to transfer the energy and increasing the speed to both a generator and at least one heat- pump system comprising a compressor with pistons , characterized by:
  • control means for control a primary air fan by a pressure sensor in the suction line to a set-point obtained by changing continuously and infinitely the airflow over a cooler
  • control means for control a secondary air fan by a pressure sensor in the discharge line to a set-point obtained by changing continuously and infinitely the airflow over a condenser.
  • the device shown in Figure 1 for extracting water from air comprises a wind- turbine(1 ), a mechanical drive and gear train (2,3), a generator(4) in combination with a battery system(5) with current and voltage control (6), a speed sensor (7) whether or not integrated in the generator(4).
  • the wind-turbine (1 ) drives at least one heat-pump system, comprising a reciprocating compressor(8), a condenser(9), primary and secondary air fans (10, 1 1 ), a thermal expansion valve (12), a capillary tubing(13), a cooler(14), process tubing (15), pressure sensors (16, 17) coupled by electrical wiring to the primary and secondary air fan (10, 1 1 ) respectively and positioned in the suction and discharge line respectively, and further comprising, a water collecting drip-pan(18), a passage(19), a water reservoir(20), a water outlet(21 ), an air-filter(22) and a rotating air- inlet(23).
  • the displacement of the reciprocating compressor (8) is a function of the wind- turbine(1 ) speed and an internal (mechanically or electrically) pressure control device.
  • the capacity of the primary air fan(10) is a function of the suction pressure measured by the pressure sensor(16).
  • the output of the primary air fan(10) can be adjusted continuously, infinitely, 0% up to 100%, using a control loop.
  • the capacity of the secondary air fan(1 1 ) is a function of the discharge pressure measured by the pressure sensor(17). Also the output of the secondary air fan(1 1 ) can be adjusted continuously, infinitely, 0% up to 100%, using a control loop
  • variable displacement reciprocating compressor(8) is an axial compressor shown in Figures 2 & 3, with pistons (25) arranged around and parallel to a
  • One-way reed valves (27,28) in a cylinder head (29) control refrigerant flow into and out of each cylinder.
  • the pistons (25) are driven by a swash plate (30).
  • a swash plate compressor (8) the plate itself rotates with the driveshaft (26).
  • a bearing (31 ) in the bottom of each piston (25) "clamps” around the edge and rides on either face of the swash plate (30).
  • the swash plate (30) is set at a variable angle ⁇ to the driveshaft (26), so as it rotates, the pistons (25) are forced back and forth in their bores.
  • the angle ⁇ of the swash plate (30) determines the length of the piston stroke.
  • Fig. 2 shows the
  • Fig.3 shows the compressor in a position of the swash plate with minimum length (B) stroke.
  • the angle ⁇ can be adjusted continuously and infinitely, which changes the length of the stroke of the pistons (25) and, therefore, the amount of refrigerant displaced on each stroke.
  • the angle ⁇ is adjusted using springs (32) and linkage that move lengthwise along the driveshaft (26), and it's controlled with refrigerant pressure in the compressor housing.
  • housing pressure When housing pressure is increased, the pressure exerted on the back side of the pistons (25) keeps them “higher” in their bores and closer to the cylinder head (29). This shortens the stroke, reducing displacement.
  • a spring (33) pushes the adjusting linkage away from the cylinder head (29), keeps them “lower” in their bores and lengthening the piston stroke to increase displacement.
  • Housing pressure is adjusted using a control valve (34,35) with ports and passages that connect it to the suction (low-side) (34) and discharge (high-side)(35) chambers of the cylinder head (29) and thus controls the refrigerant mass flow in accordance with the amplitude of wind-turbine power and torque.
  • the adjustable swash plate (30) and the speed sensor (7) are first control means for control continuously and infinitely the load of the reciprocating compressor (8).
  • the speed sensor (7) of the first control means is a sensor positioned on the drive train (2,3) for measuring the rotation speed of the wind turbine (1 ) and coupled by electrical wiring to the reciprocating compressor (8).
  • Second control means are controlling the pistons setting stroke adjustment by mechanically and/or electromagnetic control valves (34, 35) in the compressor to a set- point,
  • Third control means are controlling the primary air fan (10) by the pressure sensor (16) in the suction line to a set-point obtained by changing continuously and infinitely the airflow over the cooler (14),
  • Fourth control means are controlling the secondary air fan (1 1 ) by the pressure sensor (17) in the discharge line to a set-point obtained by changing continuously and infinitely the airflow over the condenser (9).
  • the air fans are equipped with integrated electronically commutated technology.
  • the electronically commutated technology provides the motor its own intelligence. Speed flexibility is required for control the airflow (10, 1 1 ) over the condenser (9) and cooler (14). Perfect controllability and wide operation range allows the use of simple sensors/transmitters. Integrated proportional-integral-derivative control makes an external control unit unnecessary. Integrated 'master slave' option makes it possible to use just one of the fans when installed in pairs. Starting current is equal or smaller than the rated current, gives the opportunity to minimize the wiring/cable sizes. Integrated security engine protects the device against malfunction and defects. Electronically commutated technology constructed on the engine makes any assembly unnecessary. High efficiency allows the device to use the maximum wind turbine energy for the thermal circuit.
  • Figure 4 shows a wind turbine (1 ), a drive train (2,3) and a heat-pump as shown in Figure 1 in combination with a container (40).
  • the container is provided with openings (41 ) for secondary air, opening (43) for primary air and opening (42) for discharging air.
  • One container may be provided with one or more heat pump systems all driven by one wind turbine (1 ).
  • the container also serves as basis for wind turbine (1 ) and as location to store the water as produced by the configuration.
  • the container which may for example be a 20 ft or 40 ft sea container, may be used to transport the entire
  • Example 1 The invention shall be illustrated by means of the following example based on calculations and models.
  • Example 1 The invention shall be illustrated by means of the following example based on calculations and models.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oceanography (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur une configuration pour comprimer un gaz comprenant (i) un compresseur alternatif, le compresseur comprenant un entraînement mécanique, pour transférer l'énergie à partir d'une source d'alimentation en rotation variable au compresseur et une soupape de commande et un plateau oscillant réglable, le réglage de la soupape de commande résultant dans le réglage du plateau oscillant ; (ii) un capteur de vitesse pour mesurer la vitesse de rotation de la source d'alimentation, (iii) un premier moyen de commande, lequel moyen de commande est apte à régler la soupape de commande en fonction de la vitesse de rotation mesurée par le capteur de vitesse.
PCT/NL2012/050145 2011-03-23 2012-03-09 Configuration et procédé pour comprimer un gaz WO2012128619A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2012231887A AU2012231887A1 (en) 2011-03-23 2012-03-09 Configuration and process for compressing a gas
MX2013010918A MX2013010918A (es) 2011-03-23 2012-03-09 Configuracion y proceso para comprimir un gas.
EP12709980.2A EP2689073A2 (fr) 2011-03-23 2012-03-09 Configuration et procédé pour comprimer un gaz
US14/006,737 US20140147295A1 (en) 2011-03-23 2012-03-09 Configuration and process for compressing a gas
KR1020137027946A KR20140022846A (ko) 2011-03-23 2012-03-09 가스압축 장치 및 방법
CN2012800147255A CN103443365A (zh) 2011-03-23 2012-03-09 用于压缩气体的构造和方法
IL228407A IL228407A0 (en) 2011-03-23 2013-09-12 Configuration and process for gas compression

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1038701 2011-03-23
NL1038701A NL1038701C2 (en) 2011-03-23 2011-03-23 Device for extracting humid from air by using a wind-turbine in combination with a mechanically driven heat-pump system, as well as heat-pump system applicable with such a device.

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WO2012128619A2 true WO2012128619A2 (fr) 2012-09-27
WO2012128619A3 WO2012128619A3 (fr) 2013-07-11

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US (1) US20140147295A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2689073A2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20140022846A (fr)
CN (1) CN103443365A (fr)
AU (1) AU2012231887A1 (fr)
IL (1) IL228407A0 (fr)
MX (1) MX2013010918A (fr)
NL (1) NL1038701C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012128619A2 (fr)

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CN102913394A (zh) * 2012-10-31 2013-02-06 南京玖壹环境科技有限公司 风力发电低温蓄能系统及蓄能与供电方法
US10632416B2 (en) 2016-05-20 2020-04-28 Zero Mass Water, Inc. Systems and methods for water extraction control
US10835861B2 (en) 2014-11-20 2020-11-17 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Systems and methods for generating liquid water from air
US11159123B2 (en) 2016-04-07 2021-10-26 Source Global, PBC Solar thermal unit
US11160223B2 (en) 2018-02-18 2021-11-02 Source Global, PBC Systems for generating water for a container farm and related methods therefor
US11281997B2 (en) 2017-12-06 2022-03-22 Source Global, PBC Systems for constructing hierarchical training data sets for use with machine-learning and related methods therefor
US11285435B2 (en) 2018-10-19 2022-03-29 Source Global, PBC Systems and methods for generating liquid water using highly efficient techniques that optimize production
US11359356B2 (en) 2017-09-05 2022-06-14 Source Global, PBC Systems and methods for managing production and distribution of liquid water extracted from air
US11384517B2 (en) 2017-09-05 2022-07-12 Source Global, PBC Systems and methods to produce liquid water extracted from air
US11414843B2 (en) 2019-04-22 2022-08-16 Source Global, PBC Thermal desiccant systems and methods for generating liquid water
US11447407B2 (en) 2017-07-14 2022-09-20 Source Global, PBC Systems for controlled treatment of water with ozone and related methods therefor
US11555421B2 (en) 2017-10-06 2023-01-17 Source Global, PBC Systems for generating water with waste heat and related methods therefor
US11607644B2 (en) 2018-05-11 2023-03-21 Source Global, PBC Systems for generating water using exogenously generated heat, exogenously generated electricity, and exhaust process fluids and related methods therefor
US11814820B2 (en) 2021-01-19 2023-11-14 Source Global, PBC Systems and methods for generating water from air
US11913903B1 (en) 2018-10-22 2024-02-27 Source Global, PBC Systems and methods for testing and measuring compounds

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CN104612212A (zh) * 2015-02-05 2015-05-13 王常智 水蒸汽加压制水装置
CN104772060A (zh) * 2015-04-27 2015-07-15 四川制药制剂有限公司 便于控制进料速度的粉末原料混匀装置
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CN102913394A (zh) * 2012-10-31 2013-02-06 南京玖壹环境科技有限公司 风力发电低温蓄能系统及蓄能与供电方法
CN102913394B (zh) * 2012-10-31 2015-01-07 南京玖壹环境科技有限公司 风力发电低温蓄能系统及蓄能与供电方法
US10835861B2 (en) 2014-11-20 2020-11-17 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Systems and methods for generating liquid water from air
US11707710B2 (en) 2014-11-20 2023-07-25 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Systems and methods for generating liquid water from air
US11159123B2 (en) 2016-04-07 2021-10-26 Source Global, PBC Solar thermal unit
US10632416B2 (en) 2016-05-20 2020-04-28 Zero Mass Water, Inc. Systems and methods for water extraction control
US11975289B2 (en) 2016-05-20 2024-05-07 Source Global, PBC Systems and methods for water extraction control
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US11447407B2 (en) 2017-07-14 2022-09-20 Source Global, PBC Systems for controlled treatment of water with ozone and related methods therefor
US11384517B2 (en) 2017-09-05 2022-07-12 Source Global, PBC Systems and methods to produce liquid water extracted from air
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US11607644B2 (en) 2018-05-11 2023-03-21 Source Global, PBC Systems for generating water using exogenously generated heat, exogenously generated electricity, and exhaust process fluids and related methods therefor
US11285435B2 (en) 2018-10-19 2022-03-29 Source Global, PBC Systems and methods for generating liquid water using highly efficient techniques that optimize production
US11946232B2 (en) 2018-10-19 2024-04-02 Source Global, PBC Systems and methods for generating liquid water using highly efficient techniques that optimize production
US11913903B1 (en) 2018-10-22 2024-02-27 Source Global, PBC Systems and methods for testing and measuring compounds
US11414843B2 (en) 2019-04-22 2022-08-16 Source Global, PBC Thermal desiccant systems and methods for generating liquid water
US11814820B2 (en) 2021-01-19 2023-11-14 Source Global, PBC Systems and methods for generating water from air

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL1038701C2 (en) 2012-09-25
KR20140022846A (ko) 2014-02-25
EP2689073A2 (fr) 2014-01-29
IL228407A0 (en) 2013-12-31
CN103443365A (zh) 2013-12-11
US20140147295A1 (en) 2014-05-29
AU2012231887A1 (en) 2013-09-26
MX2013010918A (es) 2014-04-30
WO2012128619A3 (fr) 2013-07-11

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