WO2012124747A1 - 波力発電装置の固有振動調整機構 - Google Patents
波力発電装置の固有振動調整機構 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012124747A1 WO2012124747A1 PCT/JP2012/056613 JP2012056613W WO2012124747A1 WO 2012124747 A1 WO2012124747 A1 WO 2012124747A1 JP 2012056613 W JP2012056613 W JP 2012056613W WO 2012124747 A1 WO2012124747 A1 WO 2012124747A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- wave power
- floating body
- power generation
- generation device
- additional mass
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
- F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
- F03B13/20—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" wherein both members, i.e. wom and rem are movable relative to the sea bed or shore
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
- F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B15/00—Controlling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2250/00—Geometry
- F05B2250/40—Movement of component
- F05B2250/44—Movement of component one element moving inside another one, e.g. wave-operated member (wom) moving inside another member (rem)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
- F05B2260/403—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
- F05B2260/403—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components
- F05B2260/4031—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
- F05B2270/18—Purpose of the control system to control buoyancy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
- F05B2270/20—Purpose of the control system to optimise the performance of a machine
- F05B2270/202—Tuning to wave conditions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wave power generation device.
- the wave period in the actual sea area varies widely from about 3 to 10 seconds, so in some cases the wave period in the actual sea area is significantly larger than the natural period of the floating body, so that the floating body does not shake effectively.
- the equipment utilization rate of the power generation device is reduced.
- the wave period is usually long, it is necessary to use a long spring so that the spring constant is low. Therefore, there has been a problem that the apparatus becomes large.
- the wave power generator which can adjust a natural period (natural frequency) corresponding to the wave period which changes is provided.
- the present invention also provides a wave power generator that can use a spring having a high spring constant and a short length, and can be downsized.
- the wave power generation apparatus of the present invention employs the following means.
- the wave power generation device according to the first aspect of the present invention is based on a vibrating body that is attached to the inside of a floating body via a spring and reciprocates linearly according to fluctuations in the water surface, and the reciprocating linear motion of the vibrating body. And a generator for generating electric power that is driven in this manner, an additional mass body that adds mass to the mass of the vibrating body is provided.
- the vibrating body attached to the inside of the floating body via a spring performs a reciprocating linear motion according to the fluctuation of the water surface.
- the generator is driven based on this reciprocating linear motion to generate electricity.
- the frequency fn is obtained from the following equation (1). . That is, when the frequency fn is set to the same value as the conventional wave power generator, the spring constant k can be increased. Thereby, a spring can be shortened and a wave power generator can be reduced in size.
- the generator of the present invention may be any one that generates power by being driven based on the reciprocating linear motion of the vibrator, and the driving force transmitted to the generator may be obtained directly from the vibrator (for example, linear power generation). Or indirectly via another mechanism, and further, a driving force may be obtained via an additional mass body.
- the additional mass of the additional mass body may be adjustable.
- the frequency fn can be changed by changing the mass ⁇ m of the additional mass body.
- the mass of the vibrating body can be reduced by appropriately adjusting the mass ⁇ m of the additional mass body, and the wave power generator can be further downsized.
- the reciprocating linear motion of the vibrating body is converted into a rotational motion, the rotational force is rotated by the rotational force extracted through the conversion mechanism, and the A rotating body that drives a generator, and the additional mass body may be attached to the rotating body.
- the reciprocating linear motion of the vibrating body is converted into a rotational motion by the conversion mechanism, and the rotating body is rotated by the rotational force after the conversion, thereby driving the generator.
- the additional mass body is attached to the rotating body, and the additional mass effect is improved by using the moment of inertia during rotation of the additional mass body as the additional mass. Since the additional mass body is attached to the rotating body and the moment of inertia during rotation of the additional mass body is used as the additional mass, the weight of the additional mass acts directly on the spring attached to the vibrating body. Can be configured without. Thereby, the free length and bending of a spring can be made small, and a wave power generator can be reduced more.
- the additional mass body is attached so as to rotate together with the rotating body and is movable in the radial direction from the center of rotation,
- a moving means for moving the moving weight in the radial direction may be provided.
- the additional mass body is attached so as to rotate together with the rotating body, and the inertia moment during rotation of the additional mass body is used as the additional mass.
- the additional mass body according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a moving weight that is movable in the radial direction from the center of rotation, and the moving weight is moved in the radial direction by the moving means so as to obtain a desired additional mass. It was decided to be located at. Specifically, if the moving weight is positioned radially outward, the center of gravity moves radially outward to increase the moment of inertia and increase the added mass. Conversely, the moving weight is positioned radially inward. If this is done, the moment of inertia is reduced by moving the center of gravity inward in the radial direction, and the added mass can be reduced.
- the wave power generation device includes a conversion mechanism that converts a reciprocating linear motion of the vibrating body into a rotational motion, and a rotational force extracted through the conversion mechanism,
- a rotating body that drives the generator, and the additional mass body may be attached to rotate together with the rotating body and may advance and retreat relative to the water.
- the reciprocating linear motion of the vibrating body is converted into a rotational motion by the conversion mechanism, and the rotating body is rotated by the converted rotational force, thereby driving the generator.
- the additional mass body is attached so as to rotate together with the rotating body, and is allowed to advance and retreat relative to the water.
- the additional mass by the additional mass body is a resistance force that stirs the moment of inertia of the additional mass body and the surrounding fluid (typically air) before it is submerged.
- the resistance is further increased due to the viscosity and specific gravity of the water, and the additional mass is increased. In this manner, the additional mass can be adjusted by moving the additional mass body back and forth with respect to the water.
- the additional mass body may include a blade extending in a radial direction with a base end attached to the rotating body.
- the additional mass body As the additional mass body, a base end portion is attached to the rotating body and a blade extending in the radial direction is provided. By using a blade extending in the radial direction, the resistance in water can be further increased, and the adjustment range of the additional mass can be increased.
- the additional mass body may be configured by only a blade, or may be a combination of a blade and a rotating plate-like body having, for example, a disk shape for obtaining a moment of inertia.
- the pitch angle of the blade may be changeable.
- the additional mass body is a rotating plate-like body fixed to the rotating body, and the rotating plate-like body is provided with fins. Also good.
- the resistance in water can be increased by attaching fins to the plate-like body. Thereby, the adjustment width
- variety of additional mass can be enlarged.
- the fin may be capable of advancing and retreating with respect to the rotating plate-like body.
- the adjustment range of additional mass can be enlarged further.
- the adjustment range of the additional mass may be finely set by dividing the fins so as to be able to advance and retreat individually.
- a ball screw or a rack and pinion is preferably used as the conversion mechanism.
- a guide rail is provided along the reciprocating linear motion direction inside the floating body, and between the guide rail and the vibrating body. More preferably, a ball is provided, and a linear motion guide is constituted by the guide rail, the vibrating body, and the ball.
- the vibrator and the generator, the power take-out mechanism having an axis in the reciprocating linear motion direction of the vibrator,
- the power take-out mechanism may be arranged so that its axis coincides with a vertical axis passing through the center of gravity of the floating body.
- the axis of the power extraction mechanism is arranged so as to coincide with the vertical axis passing through the center of gravity of the floating body, the movement in the heave direction of the floating body can be efficiently converted into electric power.
- the vibrator and the generator, the power take-out mechanism having an axis in the reciprocating linear motion direction of the vibrator,
- the power take-out mechanism may be arranged in parallel to a position whose axis is displaced from a vertical axis passing through the center of gravity of the floating body.
- the motion component in the roll and pitch directions of the floating body is converted into efficient direct power can do.
- the vibrator and the generator, the power take-out mechanism having an axis in the reciprocating linear motion direction of the vibrator,
- the power extraction mechanism may be arranged so that its axis is horizontal.
- the axis of the power extraction mechanism is arranged in the horizontal direction, the horizontal motion components (yaw, surge, sway) of the floating body can be converted into efficient direct power.
- the vibrator and the generator, the power take-out mechanism having an axis in the reciprocating linear motion direction of the vibrator,
- the power take-out mechanism may be arranged such that its axis is inclined with respect to the vertical direction.
- the axis of the power take-off mechanism is arranged to be inclined with respect to the vertical axis, the movement components (heave, sway, surge, roll, pitch, yaw) in all directions of the floating body are converted into efficient direct power Can do.
- a wave power generator includes a floating body floating on a water surface, a vibrating body attached to the inside of the floating body via a spring, and reciprocating linearly according to fluctuations in the water surface, and the vibration And a generator that generates electric power by being driven based on a reciprocating linear motion of the body, wherein at least one of the floating body mass of the floating body, the additional water mass of the floating body, and the buoyancy spring coefficient of the floating body is It is characterized by being adjustable.
- the floating body shakes according to the fluctuation of the water surface, that is, the wave period, and the internal vibrating body performs a reciprocating linear motion based on the shaking of the floating body, and the generator is driven based on the reciprocating linear motion to generate electricity.
- Floating the natural frequency fn ' is a floating mass m b, if additional water mass of the floating body and m ba, a buoyancy spring coefficient of the floating body and k b, will be determined by the following formula (2). That is, the natural frequency fn ′ of the floating body can be changed by changing any one of the mass m b of the floating body, the additional water mass m ba of the floating body, and the buoyancy spring coefficient k b of the floating body.
- the floating body mass m b but at least one of the floating body of additional water mass m ba and floating buoyancy spring constant k b are adjustable Therefore, the natural frequency of the floating body can be adjusted so that the floating body is shaken according to the wave period of the changing actual sea area. Thereby, the equipment utilization factor of a wave power generator can be improved.
- the generator of the present invention may be any one that generates power by being driven based on the reciprocating linear motion of the vibrating body, and the driving force transmitted to the generator may be obtained directly from the vibrating body (for example, linear power generation). Or indirectly via another mechanism, and further, a driving force may be obtained via an additional mass body.
- the floating body includes a projecting body projecting outward from the side surface thereof, and the floating body cross-sectional area on the water surface is changed by changing the posture of the projecting body. It may be adjustable.
- Buoyancy spring coefficient k b floating body can be represented by the following formula (3).
- k b ⁇ gA b (3)
- g is the gravitational acceleration
- the A b is a floating cross-sectional area of the water surface.
- a projecting body projecting outward from the side surface of the floating body is provided, and the floating body cross-sectional area is adjusted by changing the posture of the projecting body.
- the buoyancy spring coefficient k b of the floating body it is possible to adjust the natural frequency of the floating body as a result.
- Various methods can be applied to change the posture of the projecting body.
- the shape of the projecting body viewed from the side of the floating body is set to a non-circular shape (for example, oval or oval), and this projecting body is It is good also as rotating around the axis line of a protrusion direction, and setting it as a desired angle position, or you may advance and retract a protrusion body in a protrusion direction.
- a plurality of the protrusions may be provided in the vertical direction.
- the floating body cross-sectional area can be easily adjusted even if the relative position of the water surface with respect to the floating body changes.
- the submerged projecting body can also be utilized so as to adjust the additional water mass of the floating body.
- the floating body is provided with a water storage portion for storing water, and the amount of water held in the water storage portion is adjustable. Also good.
- a water storage unit was provided in the floating body, and the amount of water retained in the water storage unit could be adjusted. Thereby, the mass of the floating body can be changed, and as a result, the natural frequency of the floating body can be adjusted.
- the water storage portion the bottom space of the floating body may be used, or a water tank may be provided on the side of the floating body.
- a pump that takes in water from the outside of the floating body into the water storage unit and / or discharges water in the water storage unit to the outside of the floating body.
- a water hammer pump may be used.
- a water hammer pump was used as a pump for sending water between the outside of the floating body and the water container. Since the water hammer pump is driven by the water hammer action and does not require electric power, the electric power generated by the wave power is not consumed unnecessarily, and the power generation efficiency of the wave power generator is not reduced.
- an additional mass body that adds mass to the mass of the vibrating body is provided, and the additional mass of the additional mass body is adjustable. It may be.
- the additional mass of the additional mass body can be adjusted, the natural period of the vibrating body can be adjusted with respect to the wave period. Therefore, the equipment utilization factor of the wave power generator can be improved.
- the buoyancy power generator of the present invention at least one of the floating body mass m b , the floating body additional water mass m ba and the floating body buoyancy spring coefficient k b can be adjusted.
- the natural frequency of the floating body can be adjusted so that the floating body is shaken according to the wave period. Thereby, the equipment utilization factor of a wave power generator can be improved.
- a spring having a high spring constant and a short length can be used, and the device can be miniaturized.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing advance and retreat of a blade of the additional mass body of FIG. 6. It is the perspective view which showed the 1st modification of the additional mass body of FIG. It is the perspective view which showed the 2nd modification of the additional mass body of FIG.
- FIG. 1 It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the modification of the wave power generator of FIG. It is the figure which showed schematic structure of the wave power generator which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which showed the whole vibration system model including the floating body of FIG. It is sectional drawing which looked at the wave power generator concerning 6th Embodiment of this invention from the side. It is the figure which showed schematic structure of the wave power generator of FIG. It is the figure which showed the whole vibration system model including the floating body of FIG. It is the cross-sectional perspective view which showed the structure which provided the generator in the upper and lower sides of the ball screw shaft. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed schematic structure of the conversion mechanism of the wave power generator concerning 7th Embodiment of this invention. FIG.
- FIG. 25 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the vibrating body unit of FIG. 24.
- FIG. 25 is a side sectional view showing the conversion mechanism of FIG. 24.
- It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the modification of 7th Embodiment of this invention.
- It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed schematic structure of the conversion mechanism of the wave power generator which concerns on 8th Embodiment of this invention.
- It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the electric power extraction mechanism of FIG.
- It is the cross-sectional view which showed the wave power generator of FIG.
- It is the figure which showed the motion of the yaw direction.
- It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the 1st modification of the wave power generator of FIG.
- It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the 2nd modification of the wave power generator of FIG.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of the wave power generation device according to the first embodiment.
- the wave power generation device 1 includes a box-shaped floating body 2 that floats with its upper part exposed on the water surface 7 of the ocean.
- a weight (vibrating body) 3 attached in the floating body 2 via a spring 4
- a ball screw shaft (rotating body) 5 rotating with respect to the weight 3
- an addition fixed to the ball screw shaft 5 A mass body 6 and a generator 8 that is driven by the ball screw shaft 5 to generate electric power are provided.
- the weight 3 obtains vertical vibration of the floating body 2 caused by vertical movement of the water surface 7 by wave force, and reciprocates linearly in a vertical direction at a predetermined natural frequency.
- the weight 3 is moved up and down by a guide (not shown) without rotating.
- the weight 3 is supported by a spring 4 so as to be movable relative to the floating body 2.
- the ball screw shaft 5 is rotated around its axis by the reciprocating linear motion of the weight 3.
- An additional mass 6 is fixed to the lower end of the ball screw shaft 5 so as to rotate together with the ball screw shaft 5.
- the generator 8 is provided at the upper end of the ball screw shaft 5 and generates electric power by being rotated in one direction or the opposite direction by the rotation of the ball screw shaft 5.
- the additional mass body 6 is provided in the air chamber below the base plate 9. As shown in FIG. 2, the additional mass body 6 includes a ring body 10 having the same rotation center as that of the ball screw shaft 5 and four moving weights extending in the vertical and horizontal directions when viewed in plan as shown in FIG. A ball screw shaft 12, a moving weight 14 provided on each moving weight ball screw shaft 12, and a moving motor (moving means) 16 that rotationally drives the moving weight ball screw shaft 12 about its axis.
- One end of the moving ball screw shaft 12 is fixed to the ball screw shaft 5, extends in the radial direction, passes through the ring body 10, and the other end is connected to the moving motor 16.
- the moving weight 14 is displaced in the radial direction in accordance with the rotation of the moving weight ball screw shaft 12.
- the moving motor 16 is driven based on a command from a control unit (not shown), and is fixed to the ring body 10.
- the additional mass body 6 has the ring body 10, the moving weight ball screw shaft 12, the moving weight 14, and the moving motor 16 together with the ball screw shaft 5 in a state where the radial position of the moving weight 14 is determined by the moving motor 16. It is designed to rotate. Therefore, the additional mass due to the moment of inertia at the time of rotation of the additional mass body 6 can be changed according to the radial position of the moving weight 14. Specifically, the moving weight 14 is moved radially outward. If it is positioned on the ring body 10 side, the center of gravity moves radially outward to increase the moment of inertia and increase the added mass. Conversely, the moving weight 14 is radially inward (ball screw shaft 5 side). If the center of gravity is located, the moment of inertia is reduced by moving the center of gravity inward in the radial direction, and the added mass can be reduced.
- the wave power generation device 1 uses the additional mass of the additional mass body 6 in which the radial position of the moving weight 14 is adjusted so as to correspond to the wave period.
- the weight 3 vibrates in the vertical direction at a predetermined natural frequency. Electric power is taken out by driving the generator 8 based on the reciprocating linear motion caused by the vibration to generate electric power.
- FIG. 3 shows a vibration system model of the wave power generation device 1 shown in FIG.
- each symbol is as follows.
- m mass of weight 3 m
- b mass of floating body
- k spring constant between floating body 2 and weight 3 k
- buoyancy spring constant c floating body 2-weight Attenuation constant between 3 (eg generator 8)
- c b Wave-making damping constant
- c f Damping constant of the additional mass body I: Moment of inertia of the additional mass body m ba : Added water mass
- F f Wave external force
- the following operational effects are obtained.
- the radial position of the moving mass 14 of the additional mass body 6 the inertia moment I of the additional mass body 6 is changed, so that the additional mass ⁇ m can be adjusted.
- the natural frequency of the weight 3 can be adjusted, so that the weight 3 can resonate in accordance with the changing wave period.
- the equipment utilization factor of the wave power generation device 1 can be improved.
- FIG. 5 adjusts the radial position of the movable weight 14 by the link mechanism.
- a fixed portion 20 that rotates together with the ball screw shaft 5 and a slider 21 that reciprocates in the axial direction of the ball screw shaft 5 with respect to the fixed portion 20 are provided.
- a first arm 22 that can swing is attached to the fixed portion 20 symmetrically, and one end of a second arm 23 is attached to the other end of each first arm 22 so as to be rotatable.
- the two second arms 23 are pin-supported in a state of intersecting with the slider 21, and the movable weight 14 is attached to each tip.
- the radial position of the movable weight 14 can be adjusted by moving the slider 21 forward and backward with respect to the fixed portion 20 by an actuator (not shown).
- the wave power generation device 30 of the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the configuration of the additional mass body, so this point will be described.
- the additional mass body 32 includes a disk-like inertia disk 33 that rotates together with the ball screw shaft 5 and a blade 34.
- the inertia disk 33 is fixed to the ball screw shaft 5 and rotates together with the ball screw shaft 5.
- the blade 34 has a base end fixed to the lower end of the ball screw shaft 5 and is configured to extend in the radial direction. Although the number of blades 34 is two in FIG. 6, the number may be three or more.
- the lower end 2a of the cylindrical casing of the floating body 2 is an open end. Therefore, the space to which the additional mass body 32 is attached, that is, the space below the base plate 9 of the floating body 2 is an air chamber, and the water surface is located at the lower end 2 a of the cylindrical casing of the floating body 2.
- the blade 34 advances and retreats with respect to the water below the lower end 2 a of the floating body 2.
- the additional mass obtained by the additional mass body 32 is a moment of inertia of the inertia disk 33 and the blade 34 and a resistance force by which the blade 34 agitates the air before being submerged.
- the resistance force applied to the blade 34 is further increased due to the viscosity and specific gravity of the water, and the additional mass is increased.
- the additional mass can be adjusted by moving the blade 34 of the additional mass body 32 forward and backward with respect to the water.
- the pitch angle of the blade 34 immersed in water may be changed. Specifically, if the pitch angle is changed so that the angle of attack is larger than that in the left diagram in FIG. 8 and the right diagram in FIG. 8 is used, the resistance of water increases and the additional mass further increases. Become. In this way, by changing the angle of attack of the blade 34 with respect to the water in water, the adjustment range of the additional mass can be further increased.
- fins 35 that serve as additional resistors may be added to the inertia disk 33.
- the fins 35 are attached so as to protrude downward from the lower surface of the inertia disk 33.
- the fins 35 are attached so as to be substantially cross-shaped when the inertia disk 33 is viewed from below.
- the attachment form of the fin 35 is not limited to this substantially ten characters.
- the fin 35 dusted on the lower surface of the inertia disk 33 may be divided and advanced and retracted individually.
- the fin 35 is divided into a plurality of portions in the radial direction so that the fins 35 can be advanced and retracted for each radial position.
- FIG. 11 and 12 show a schematic configuration of the wave power generation device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 11 shows an external perspective view
- FIG. 12 shows a cross-sectional perspective view showing the inside thereof. Has been.
- the configuration in which the weight performs a reciprocating linear motion and the generator generates electric power is the same as that in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
- the weight 103 is supported by a spring 104 having a lower end fixed to the base plate 109 so as to be able to move relative to the floating body 102.
- a projecting body 110 that projects outward from the side surface of the floating body 102 is provided.
- the height position of the protrusion 110 is determined so that the water surface 7 is positioned within the height range of the protrusion 110.
- the protrusions 110 are provided on the outer periphery of the floating body 102 at a pitch of about 90 °.
- the number and interval (pitch) of the protrusions 110 are arbitrary and are determined according to the required floating body cross-sectional area.
- the shape of the protrusion 110 is elliptical or oval when viewed from the side of the floating body 102. However, as long as the shape is not a perfect circle, various shapes can be applied.
- the protrusion 110 is rotated around a rotation axis L1 extending in the horizontal direction by a rotation motor 112 installed in the floating body 102.
- a rotation motor 112 installed in the floating body 102.
- the long axis direction of the protruding body 110 can be positioned so as to face the vertical direction.
- the major axis direction can be positioned so as to face the horizontal direction. In this way, the buoyancy spring coefficient of the floating body 102 is adjusted.
- Buoyancy spring coefficient k b of the floating body 102 can be represented by the following formula (3).
- k b ⁇ gA b (3)
- g is the gravitational acceleration
- the A b is a floating cross-sectional area of the water surface.
- the rotation angle of the projecting body 110 is determined by a control unit (not shown). Specifically, the control unit calculates the rotation angle of the protrusion 110 based on the map or function obtained in advance based on the wave period of the actual sea area obtained by the wave period measuring means such as a wave height meter, and rotates The motor 112 is controlled so that the protruding body 110 has a predetermined rotation angle.
- the floating body 102 when wave vibration is input to the floating body 102, the floating body 102 whose natural period is adjusted according to the wave period according to the rotation angle of the projecting body 110 oscillates, Further, the weight 103 vibrates in the vertical direction at a predetermined natural frequency by the additional mass of the additional mass body 106 adjusted to correspond to the wave period together with the floating body 102. Then, the generator 108 is driven to generate electric power based on the reciprocating linear motion caused by this vibration, and electric power is taken out.
- FIG. 14 shows the vibration system model of the present embodiment, following FIG. 3 of the first embodiment.
- each symbol is as follows.
- z m Displacement of weight 103
- z b Displacement of floating body 102
- m Mass of weight 103
- b Mass of floating body
- k Spring constant between floating body 102 and weight 103 k
- Buoyancy spring constant c Floating body 102-weight Damping constant between 103 (eg generator 108)
- c b Wave attenuation constant
- c f attenuation constant of the additional mass body 106
- I inertia of the additional mass body 106 moments
- m ba added water mass
- F f Namigairyoku
- This equation of motion is the same as the equations (13) and (14) of the first embodiment.
- the additional mass ( ⁇ m) is the mass added to the weight 103 which is a vibrating body.
- the spring constant can be increased by adding an additional mass ( ⁇ m) when obtaining the same natural frequency. That is, a hard and short spring 104 can be used.
- the wave power generator 101 can be reduced in size.
- the mass of the additional mass body 106 the mass of the weight 103 can be reduced, and the wave power generator 101 can be further downsized.
- the protrusion 110 may be provided in a plurality of stages (two stages in the figure) in the vertical direction.
- the floating body cross-sectional area A b be the relative position of the water surface 7 is changed with respect to the floating body 102.
- the arrangement in the circumferential direction of each protrusion 110 at one stage may be shifted from the circumferential arrangement of the protrusion 110 at another stage.
- the submerged projecting body 110 can also be used so as to adjust the additional water mass m ba (see Expression (2)) of the floating body 102.
- the projecting body 110 of the present embodiment is rotated around the horizontal axis L1 to change the floating body cross-sectional area, but instead of or in addition to this, the projecting direction of the projecting body 110 (of the floating body 102) As a configuration that advances and retreats in the radial direction, a configuration in which the floating body sectional area is changed may be used.
- the configuration in which the weight 103 is reciprocated and the weight 103 is reciprocated linearly and the electric power is extracted by the generator 108 is the same. Therefore, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.
- the present invention is characterized in that the natural frequency (or natural period) of the floating body is adjusted by adjusting the mass m b (see Expression (2)) of the floating body 102.
- a cylindrical body 114 is erected at the center position of the floating body 102, and a reciprocating linear motion of the weight 103, the spring 104, the ball screw shaft 105, the additional mass body 106 and the generator 108 is performed in the cylindrical body 114 to generate power.
- the mechanism which performs is accommodated.
- the cylinder 114 is provided watertight so that water does not enter the inside from the outside.
- a water intake 116 and a water intake valve 117 are provided below the floating body 102. Seawater is guided into the floating body 102 through the water intake 116 and the water intake valve 117.
- the bottom of the floating body 102 is a water storage portion 115 for storing seawater, and the seawater taken into the water storage portion 115 is stored.
- a pump 119 for pumping up stored seawater is provided at the bottom of the floating body 102. Seawater stored in the water storage unit 115 is pumped up by the pump 119 and is discharged from the drainage port 121 to the outside of the floating body 102 via the drainage pipe 120.
- a water hammer pump is preferably used as the pump 119. Since the water hammer pump is driven by the water hammer action and does not require power, the power generated by the wave power is not consumed wastefully and the power generation efficiency of the wave power generator 101 is not reduced. Have.
- control of the intake valve 117 and the pump 119 is performed by a control unit (not shown). Specifically, the control unit calculates a desired amount of retained water based on a map or function obtained in advance based on the wave period of the actual sea area obtained by wave period measuring means such as a wave height meter, and the intake valve 117. Then, the pump 119 is controlled to obtain a desired retained water amount.
- the natural frequency of the floating body 102 (or natural period) can be adjusted. Therefore, the natural frequency of the floating body can be adjusted so that the floating body oscillates according to the changing wave period of the actual sea area, and the weight 103 can be effectively reciprocated linearly. Can be improved.
- the cylindrical body 114 may be inserted in the center of the floating body 102 in a watertight manner so that the upper portion of the cylindrical body 114 protrudes above the floating body and the lower portion of the cylindrical body 114 protrudes from below the floating body 102. Thereby, since it can access from the upper part or the lower part of the cylinder 114 in the cylinder 114 from the exterior, replacement
- FIG. 18 shows a schematic configuration of a wave power generation device according to the fifth embodiment.
- the wave power generation apparatus 201 includes a floating body 202 that floats with its upper portion exposed on the water surface 7, a vibrating body 203 that is attached to the floating body 202 via a spring 204, and an additional mass that is directly attached to the vibrating body 203. And a body 206.
- the wave power generator includes a generator that generates power by being driven based on the reciprocating linear motion of the vibrating body 203.
- Vibrator 203 is a mass m m, to obtain a vertical vibration of the floating body 202 caused by the vertical movement of the water surface 7 by wave power, so as to reciprocate in a vertical direction at a predetermined natural frequency.
- the vibrating body 203 is supported by a spring 204 so as to be movable relative to the floating body 202.
- a predetermined damping element 205 is provided between the floating body 202 and the vibrating body 203.
- the damping element 205 is expressed as a vibration model, and includes, for example, the resistance of a generator.
- the additional mass body 206 has a mass ⁇ m, and is directly attached to the vibrating body 203. For example, it can be attached and detached. Moreover, it is preferable that the additional mass body 206 having a different mass can be exchanged according to the state of wave power.
- the wave power generator 201 vibrates in the vertical direction at the natural frequency appropriately tuned. Then, electric power is taken out by driving the generator based on the reciprocating linear motion caused by the vibration to generate electric power.
- FIG. 19 shows a vibration system model of the wave power generation device 201 shown in FIG.
- each symbol is as follows.
- z m displacement of the vibrating body 203 b b : displacement m m of the floating body 202: mass m of the vibrating body 203 b : mass of the floating body 202
- k spring constant between the floating body 202 and the vibrating body 203 k
- buoyancy spring constant c floating body 202 - damping constant c b between the vibration member 203: wave attenuation constant Delta]
- m additional mass m ba: added water mass
- F f Namigairyoku
- Expressions (16) to (15) are expressed as the following expressions.
- formula (16) and formula (17) are arranged, the following formula is obtained.
- the above equation is displayed in matrix, the following equation is obtained. here, Then, the following formula is obtained.
- the additional mass ( ⁇ m) of the additional mass body 206 is the mass added to the vibrating body 203.
- the spring constant can be increased by adding an additional mass ( ⁇ m) when obtaining the same natural frequency. That is, a hard and short spring can be used. Thereby, a spring can be shortened and a wave power generator can be reduced in size. Further, the mass ⁇ m of the additional mass body by appropriately adjusting it is possible to reduce the mass m m of the vibration body, it is possible to further reduce the size of the wave power generator.
- the wave power generation device 210 includes a floating body 211, a casing (floating body) 212, and a power extraction mechanism 213.
- the floating body 211 is, for example, 5 m long (length along the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 20), 5 m wide (length along the left-right direction in FIG. 20), and height (length along the vertical direction in FIG. 20). It is a hollow or solid member having an appearance of approximately rectangular at 20 m.
- a through hole 223 that communicates the upper surface 221 and the lower surface 222 of the floating body 211 with the center in the vertical and horizontal directions of the floating body 211 and accommodates the upper end (upper half) of the casing 212 inside (inside) the floating body 211. Is provided.
- the through hole 223 is formed so as to coincide with the upper end portion of the casing 212 accommodated in the through hole 223.
- the casing 212 is a hollow columnar (cylindrical) or hollow prism-shaped member, the upper end portion of which is accommodated in the through hole 223, and the power extraction mechanism 213 is accommodated therein. Further, the opening formed at the upper end of the casing 212 is closed by the (first) lid 231, and the opening formed at the lower end of the casing 212 is closed by the (second) lid 232, A sealed space S is formed inside the casing 212.
- the power extraction mechanism 213 includes a generator 241, a ball screw shaft (rotating body: conversion mechanism) 242, a weight (vibrating body) 243, a spring 244, and an inertia disk (additional mass body) 245.
- the generator 241 generates electric power (electric energy) when the rotating shaft 251 is rotated in one direction or in the opposite direction, and the generator 241 has an inside of the casing 212 via a (first) support plate (frame) 252. Is attached.
- the support plate 252 is a plate-like member formed so that the outer peripheral surface thereof coincides with the inner peripheral surface of the casing 212, and the central portion of the support plate 252 penetrates in the plate thickness direction to rotate the rotating shaft 251 of the generator 241.
- a through hole 253 is formed through which is inserted rotatably. Further, the support plate 252 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the casing 212 via the bracket 254, whereby the generator 241 is mounted in the sealed space S located at the upper end portion of the casing 212.
- the ball screw shaft 242 is a rod-like member having a male screw portion 261 formed on the outer peripheral surface, and the casing 212 is interposed via a (second) support plate (frame) 262 and a (third) support plate (frame) 263. Installed inside.
- the upper end of the ball screw shaft 242 is coupled to the lower end of the rotating shaft 251 of the generator 241 via the coupling 264, and the upper end portion of the ball screw shaft 242 is connected to the support plate 262 via the (first) bearing 265.
- the ball screw shaft 242 is rotatably supported by a bearing, and the lower end portion of the ball screw shaft 242 is rotatably supported by the support plate 263 via a (second) bearing 266.
- An inertia disk 245 is attached (fixed) to the lower end of the ball screw shaft 242.
- the upper support plate 262 is a plate-like member formed so that the outer peripheral surface thereof coincides with the inner peripheral surface of the casing 212, and a through hole 267 that accommodates the bearing 265 is provided at the center thereof. Yes.
- the support plate 262 is fixed to the upper end portion of the casing 212 via the bracket 268 and at a position below the support plate 252.
- the lower support plate 263 is a plate-like member formed so that the outer peripheral surface thereof coincides with the inner peripheral surface of the casing 212, and a through hole 269 that accommodates the bearing 266 is provided at the center thereof. Yes.
- the support plate 263 is fixed to the lower end portion of the casing 212 via the bracket 270.
- the weight 243 extends along the longitudinal direction (vertical direction) of the casing 212 and extends along the guide rail (conversion mechanism) 281 provided in the longitudinal direction on the inner peripheral surface of the casing 212.
- the vibrating body vibrates in the up and down direction (reciprocates linearly) in the sealed space S without rotating around, and has a mass m.
- a ball (not shown) is provided between the weight 243 and the ball screw shaft 242 (that is, the inner peripheral edge of the weight 243), and a ball screw (conversion mechanism) is configured by the weight 243, the ball screw shaft 242 and the ball. ing.
- a ball (not shown) different from the ball constituting the ball screw is provided between the weight 243 and the guide rail 281 (that is, the outer peripheral edge of the weight 243).
- a linear motion guide (conversion mechanism) is configured by the rail 281 and the ball.
- the spring 244 has an upper end attached (fixed) to the lower surface of the weight 243 and a lower end attached to the upper surface of the support plate 263 (fixed).
- the inertia disk 245 is a plate-like member having a mass ⁇ m that is attached to the lower end of the ball screw shaft 242 and rotates together with the ball screw shaft 242.
- the top view (bottom view) has a circular or polygonal shape. Yes.
- the frequency fn is 0.1 Hz to 0.5 Hz. Is set (determined).
- the equation of motion is the same as the equations (13) and (14) of the first embodiment.
- the additional mass ( ⁇ m) is the mass added to the vibrating body.
- the spring constant can be increased by adding an additional mass ( ⁇ m) when obtaining the same natural frequency. That is, a hard and short spring 244 can be used.
- the wave power generator 210 can be reduced in size.
- the mass of the vibrating body can be reduced by appropriately adjusting the mass of the additional mass body, and the wave power generator can be further downsized.
- an inertial force is applied to the ball screw shaft 242 by the inertia disk 245 attached to the ball screw shaft 242. Therefore, the moment of inertia of the ball screw shaft 242 is increased. And the additive mass effect can be improved.
- the ball is provided between the weight 243 and the ball screw shaft 242, and the resistance (mechanical loss) when the weight 243 reciprocates linearly moves. Therefore, the power generation efficiency can be further improved.
- the weight of the inertia disk 245 with respect to the spring 244 attached to the weight 243 is used. Can be configured without directly acting. Thereby, the free length and bending of the spring 244 can be reduced, and the wave power generator 210 can be further downsized.
- a ball is provided between the guide rail 281 and the weight 243, and resistance (mechanical loss) when the weight 243 reciprocates linearly is reduced. As a result, the power generation efficiency can be further improved.
- the generator 241 is provided only at one end (upper end) of the ball screw shaft 242, but the generators 241a and 241b are connected to the ball screw shaft 242 as shown in FIG. It may be provided at both upper and lower ends. Thereby, even if the rotation direction of the ball screw shaft 241 changes, the generators 241a and 241b can be driven without requiring a complicated mechanism. For example, it is assumed that the ball screw shaft 242 rotates clockwise when the weight 243 moves upward, and the ball screw shaft 242 rotates counterclockwise when the weight 243 moves downward.
- the upper generator 241a is configured to generate power by rotating only clockwise through a one-way clutch
- the lower generator 241b is configured to generate power by rotating only counterclockwise through a one-way clutch.
- the upper generator 241a generates power when the weight 243 moves upward
- the lower generator 241b generates power when the weight 243 moves downward.
- power can be generated by any of the generators 241a and 241b.
- the conversion mechanism in which the weight 243 reciprocates linearly in the vertical direction and the ball screw shaft 242 rotates is described as a specific example.
- the present embodiment employs another conversion mechanism. It uses a rack and pinion.
- the configuration in which the weight (vibrating body) reciprocates linearly in response to the vibration of the floating body to generate electric power is the same as that in the above-described embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
- a rack 272 extending in the vertical direction is provided in the casing 212.
- the rack 272 is fixed with respect to the casing 212.
- guide rails 276 for guiding the vibrating body unit 274 serving as a vibrating body in the vertical direction are provided on both sides of the rack 272.
- Each guide rail 276 is fixed to the casing 212.
- a ball (not shown) is provided between the guide rail 276 and the vibrating body unit 274 so as to reduce resistance (mechanical loss) when the vibrating body unit 274 reciprocates linearly. .
- the vibrating body unit 274 is supported from below by a spring 244.
- the upper end of the spring 244 is fixed to the lower surface of the vibrating body unit 274, and the lower end of the spring 244 is fixed to the lower end of the casing 212.
- the vibrating body unit 274 includes a generator 241, a weight 243, and an inertia disk (additional mass body) 245 in the housing 275, as in the sixth embodiment.
- the weight 243 is fixed to the bottom of the housing 275.
- the mass of the weight 243 is appropriately adjusted according to the wave period in the actual sea area.
- the installation position of the weight 243 should just be attached with respect to the housing
- the generator 241 and the inertia disk 245 are fixed to a rotating shaft (rotating body) 277 extending in the horizontal direction.
- One end (left end in the figure) of the rotating shaft 277 is fixed to the housing 275 via a radial bearing 279.
- the generator 241 is fixed to the housing 275 side at the other end of the rotating shaft 277 (the right end in the figure).
- a pinion 278 is fixed to the rotation shaft 277, and the rotation shaft 277 is rotated by the pinion 278.
- the pinion 278 meshes with the rack 272 and rotates according to the relative displacement in the vertical direction with respect to the rack 272.
- electric power can be taken out from the reciprocating linear motion of the vibrating body by the configuration using the rack and pinion.
- this embodiment can be changed. As shown in the figure, two racks 272a and 272b are provided on the left and right, and the pinions 278a and 278b are engaged with the racks 272a and 272b, respectively. The pinions 278a and 278b are attached to a single rotating shaft 277, and the central generator 241 generates power by the rotating shaft 277.
- the wave power generator according to the present invention is not limited to the one that generates electric power by converting a reciprocating linear motion into a rotational motion by a ball screw or a rack and pinion as in the sixth embodiment or the seventh embodiment.
- the driving force transmitted to the generator may be obtained directly from the vibrating body (for example, a linear generator) or indirectly through another mechanism, and further via an additional mass body. A driving force may be obtained.
- a plurality of power extraction mechanisms 213 are fixedly installed in the floating body 211 ′.
- the power take-out mechanism 213 has the same configuration as that of the power take-out mechanism 213 of the fifth embodiment described with reference to FIG.
- the casing 212 of the power extraction mechanism 213 is not a floating body as in the fifth embodiment, but is a container housed in the floating body 211 ′.
- the power take-out mechanism 213 includes main components such as a generator 241, a ball screw shaft 242, a weight 243, and an inertia disk 245.
- the floating body 211 ′ is a container having a cylindrical cross section. Electric power extraction mechanisms 213 are installed at substantially equal intervals along the outer periphery of the floating body 211 ′.
- the power extraction mechanism 213 is installed in the vertical direction, and electric power is extracted by the reciprocating linear motion of the weight 243 in the vertical direction.
- the power extraction mechanism 213 is disposed at a position offset from the vertical axis L1 passing through the center of gravity of the floating body 211 '. Therefore, not only the heave (in the direction of the vertical axis L1) when the floating body 211 ′ is shaken, but also the weight 243 in the power extraction mechanism 213 vibrates not only by the roll or pitch that is a motion component around the axis orthogonal to the vertical axis L1. Can be made. As a result, power can be generated by efficiently converting wave energy into kinetic energy.
- the power take-out mechanism 213 ′ may be arranged in a state where the axis is horizontal and laid down.
- the axis of the power extraction mechanism 213 ′′ is arranged in an inclined state to extract the motion components in all directions (heave, sway, surge, roll, pitch, yaw). You may be able to do it.
- the center of gravity of the floating body 211 ′ is not limited to the case where the weights (vibrating bodies) 203 and 243 reciprocate linearly in the vertical direction as in the fifth to seventh embodiments.
- the power conversion mechanism 213 is arranged at a position offset from the vertical axis L1 passing through, so that motion components such as rolls and pitches can be used, power can be generated by efficiently converting wave energy into kinetic energy. it can.
- the power conversion mechanism 213 ′ is installed in the horizontal direction and the weight 243 is reciprocated linearly in the horizontal direction, or the power conversion mechanism 213 ′′ is tilted with respect to the vertical direction, and the weight 243 is reciprocated linearly in the tilt direction. Since the structure to be adopted is also adopted, it is possible to generate power by converting wave energy into kinetic energy more efficiently.
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Abstract
Description
しかし、実海域の波周期は主として3~10秒程度まで幅広く変化するので、所定の質量およびバネを選定しても、共振して発電可能となる周期帯は限定されてしまい、変化する波周期に対応できず、設備利用率が低下してしまうという問題がある。
また、浮体についても、その固有周期が波周期よりも大きい場合には浮体が動揺しないことが想定されるので、浮体の固有周期を設計波周期よりも小さくするように設計される。しかし、実海域の波周期は主として3~10秒程度まで幅広く変化するので、場合によっては浮体の固有周期よりも実海域の波周期が大幅に大きくなり、浮体が効果的に動揺せずに波力発電装置の設備利用率が低下してしまうという問題がある。
さらに、通常、波の周期は長周期であるため、バネ定数が低くなるように長さの長いバネを使用する必要がある。そのため、装置が大型化してしまうといった問題点があった。
また、本発明は、バネ定数が高く、長さの短いバネを使用することができ、小型化を図ることができる波力発電装置を提供する。
本発明の第一の態様に係る波力発電装置は、バネを介して浮体の内部に取り付けられて、水面の変動に応じて往復直線運動する振動体と、該振動体の往復直線運動に基づいて駆動されて発電する発電機とを備えた波力発電装置において、前記振動体の質量に対して、質量を付加する付加質量体を備えたことを特徴とする。
すなわち、周波数fnを従来の波力発電装置と同じ値に設定した場合、バネ定数kを高くすることができる。これにより、バネを短くすることができ、波力発電装置を小型化することができる。
また、付加質量体の質量Δmを適宜調整することにより振動体の質量を小さくすることができ、さらに波力発電装置を小型化することができる。
また、回転体に対して付加質量体を取り付け、付加質量体の回転時の慣性モーメントを付加質量として利用することとしたので、振動体に取り付けられたバネに対して付加質量の重量を直接作用させずに構成することができる。これにより、バネの自由長および撓みを小さくすることができ、より波力発電装置を小型化することができる。
本発明の第一の態様に係る付加質量体は、回転中心から半径方向に移動可能とされた移動錘を備え、この移動錘を移動手段によって半径方向に移動させて所望の付加質量となるように位置させることとした。具体的には、移動錘を半径方向外側に位置させれば重心が半径方向外側に移ることによって慣性モーメントが大きくなり付加質量を増大させることができ、反対に、移動錘を半径方向内側に位置させれば重心が半径方向内側に移ることによって慣性モーメントが小さくなり付加質量を減少させることができる。
なお、付加質量体としては、ブレードのみで構成しても良く、或いは、ブレードと、慣性モーメントを得るための例えば円板状とされた回転板状体との組合せとしてもよい。
また、フィンを分割して、個別に進退可能とすることにより、付加質量の調整幅を細かく設定できるようにしても良い。
なお、電力取出機構は、複数とされ、略等間隔にて配置されていることが好ましい。
なお、電力取出機構は、複数とされ、略等間隔にて配置されていることが好ましい。
なお、電力取出機構は、複数とされていることが好ましい。
なお、本発明の発電機は、振動体の往復直線運動に基づいて駆動されて発電するものであればよく、発電機に伝達される駆動力は振動体から直接得てもよく(例えばリニア発電機)、あるいは間接的に他の機構を介して得ても良く、さらには、付加質量体を介して駆動力を得ても良い。
kb=ρgAb ・・・(3)
ここで、ρは水(例えば海水)の密度、gは重力加速度、Abは水面における浮体断面積である。
式(3)から分かるように、浮体断面積Abを変化させることによって浮力バネ係数kbを変化させることができる。本発明では、浮体の側面から外方に突出する突出体を設け、この突出体の姿勢を変化させることによって浮体断面積を調整することとした。これにより、浮体の浮力バネ係数kbを調整することができ、結果として浮体の固有周波数を調整することができる。
突出体の姿勢の変化のさせ方としては、種々の方法が適用できるが、例えば、浮体の側面から見た突出体の形状を非円形(例えば楕円形または長円形)としておき、この突出体を突出方向の軸線回りに回転させて所望の角度位置に設定することとしても良いし、或いは、突出方向に突出体を進退させてもよい。
水収容部としては、浮体本体の底部空間を利用しても良いし、或いは、浮体の側部に水タンクを設けても良い。
また、本発明の浮力発電装置は、浮体の質量mb、浮体の付加水質量mbaおよび浮体の浮力バネ係数kbの少なくともいずれか1つが調整可能とされているので、変化する実海域の波周期に応じて浮体が動揺するように浮体の固有周波数を調整することができる。これにより、波力発電装置の設備利用率を向上させることができる。
さらに、本発明に係る波力発電装置によれば、バネ定数が高く、長さの短いバネを使用することができ、装置の小型化を図ることができるという効果を奏する。
[第1実施形態]
以下、本発明の第1実施形態について説明する。
図1には、第1実施形態にかかる波力発電装置の概略構成が示されている。
波力発電装置1は、海洋の水面7上に上部が露出して浮かぶ箱形の浮体2を備えている。浮体2内には、バネ4を介して浮体2内に取り付けられたウェイト(振動体)3と、ウェイト3に対して回転するボールネジ軸(回転体)5と、ボールネジ軸5に固定された付加質量体6と、ボールネジ軸5によって駆動されて発電する発電機8とを備えている。
移動用ボールネジ軸12は、その一端がボールネジ軸5に対して固定されるとともに、半径方向に延在してリング体10を挿通して他端が移動用モータ16に接続されている。
移動錘14は、移動錘用ボールネジ軸12の回転に応じて半径方向に変位させられるようになっている。
移動用モータ16は、図示しない制御部からの指令に基づいて駆動されるようになっており、リング体10に対して固定されている。
付加質量体6は、移動用モータ16によって移動錘14の半径位置が決定された状態で、リング体10,移動錘用ボールネジ軸12、移動錘14および移動用モータ16が一体でボールネジ軸5とともに回転するようになっている。したがって、付加質量体6の回転時の慣性モーメントによる付加質量は、移動錘14の半径方向位置に応じて変化させることができるようになっており、具体的には、移動錘14を半径方向外側(リング体10側)に位置させれば重心が半径方向外側に移ることによって慣性モーメントが大きくなり付加質量を増大させることができ、反対に、移動錘14を半径方向内側(ボールネジ軸5側)に位置させれば重心が半径方向内側に移ることによって慣性モーメントが小さくなり付加質量を減少させることができる。
図3には、図1に示した波力発電装置1の振動系モデルが示されている。
同図において各記号は以下の通りである。
zm : ウェイト3の変位
zb : 浮体2の変位
mm : ウェイト3の質量
mb : 浮体2の質量
k : 浮体2-ウェイト3間バネ定数
kb : 浮力バネ定数
c : 浮体2-ウェイト3間の減衰定数(例えば発電機8)
cb : 造波減衰定数
cf : 付加質量体6の減衰定数
I : 付加質量体6の慣性モーメント
mba : 付加水質量
Ff : 波外力
付加質量体6の移動錘14の半径方向位置を変化させることによって、付加質量体6の慣性モーメントIを変化させ、付加質量Δmを調整できるようにした。これにより、式(1)及び式(14)から分かるように、ウェイト3の固有振動数を調整することができるので、変化する波周期に対応させてウェイト3を共振させることができ、結果として波力発電装置1の設備利用率を向上させることができる。
図4は、移動錘14をリング体10の外周側で、図2と同様に移動錘用ボールネジ軸12及び移動用モータ16によって、移動錘14の半径位置を調整するものである。図4のように、移動錘14をリング体10の外周側に位置させることにより、図2の場合よりも慣性モーメントを増大させることができる。
次に、本発明の第2実施形態について、図6及び図7を用いて説明する。
本実施形態は、ウェイト3が往復直線運動を行い発電機8にて発電する構成は第1実施形態と同様なので、同一符号を付しその説明を省略する。本実施形態の波力発電装置30は、付加質量体の構成が第1実施形態と異なるので、この点について説明する。
付加質量体32は、ボールネジ軸5とともに回転する円板状のイナーシャディスク33と、ブレード34とを備えている。
イナーシャディスク33は、ボールネジ軸5に固定され、ボールネジ軸5とともに回転するようになっている。したがって、イナーシャディスク33による付加質量は、円板の慣性モーメントとなり、固定値である。
ブレード34は、その基端部がボールネジ軸5の下端部に固定されており、半径方向に延在するように構成されている。ブレード34の枚数は、図6では2枚とされているが、その数は3枚以上であってもよい。
浮体2の円筒ケーシングの下端2aは開放端となっている。したがって、付加質量体32が取り付けられた空間、すなわち浮体2のベースプレート9から下方の空間は空気室となっており、浮体2の円筒ケーシングの下端2aの位置に水面が位置している。
本実施形態では、ブレード34が浮体2の下端2aの下方の水中に対して進退するようになっている。付加質量体32によって得られる付加質量は、浸水する前は、イナーシャディスク33及びブレード34の慣性モーメントと、ブレード34が空気を攪拌する抵抗力とされる。そして、図7の右図に示すようにブレード34が水中に浸水すると、水の粘性および比重によってブレード34に加わる抵抗力が更に大きくなり、付加質量が増大する。このように、付加質量体32のブレード34を水中に対して進退させることによって付加質量を調整することができる。
イナーシャディスク33の下面に設けたフィン35によって、水中での抵抗力を増大させて付加質量の調整を図る。また、フィン35が付加重量体32と一体に構成されているので、装置構成が簡便化される。
以下、本発明の第3実施形態について説明する。
図11及び図12には、第3実施形態にかかる波力発電装置の概略構成が示されており、図11には外観斜視図が、図12にはその内部を示した断面斜視図が示されている。
突出体110の形状は、浮体102の側面から見た場合、楕円形状または長円形状とされている。ただし、この形状は、真円でない限り、種々の形状を適用することができる。
突出体110は、浮体102内に設置された回転モータ112によって、水平方向に延在する回転軸線L1周りに回転させられるようになっている。この回転モータ112を駆動することによって、図13Aに示すように、突出体110の長軸方向が鉛直方向を向くように位置させることができ、或いは、図13Bに示すように、突出体110の長軸方向が水平方向を向くように位置させることができる。このようにして、浮体102の浮力バネ係数を調整する。
kb=ρgAb ・・・(3)
ここで、ρは水(例えば海水)の密度、gは重力加速度、Abは水面における浮体断面積である。
式(3)から分かるように、浮体断面積Abを変化させることによって浮力バネ係数kbを変化させることができる。
したがって、図13Aのように位置させると、水面7における浮体断面積Abが小さくなり、浮力バネ係数が小さくなる。一方、図13Bのように位置させると、水面7における浮体断面積Abが大きくなり、浮力バネ係数が大きくなる。このように、突出体110を軸線L1回りに回転させて所定の角度位置で固定することによって浮体断面積Abを変更し、浮力バネ係数kbひいては下式(2)にて表される浮体2の固有振動数fn’(または固有周期)を調整できるようになっている。
第1実施形態の図3に倣って、本実施形態の振動系モデルを図14に示す。
同図において各記号は以下の通りである。
zm : ウェイト103の変位
zb : 浮体102の変位
mm : ウェイト103の質量
mb : 浮体102の質量
k : 浮体102-ウェイト103間バネ定数
kb : 浮力バネ定数
c : 浮体102-ウェイト103間の減衰定数(例えば発電機108)
cb : 造波減衰定数
cf : 付加質量体106の減衰定数
I : 付加質量体106の慣性モーメント
mba : 付加水質量
Ff : 波外力
浮体102の側面から外方に突出する突出体110を複数設け、これら突出体110の回転させることによって浮体断面積Abを調整することとした。これにより、浮体の浮力バネ係数kbを調整することができ、結果として浮体の固有周波数fnを調整することができる。したがって、変化する実海域の波周期に応じて浮体が動揺するように浮体の固有周波数を調整し、ウェイト103を効果的に往復直線運動させることができるので、波力発電装置の設備利用率を向上させることができる。
また、付加質量体106の質量を適宜調整することによりウェイト103の質量を小さくすることができ、さらに波力発電装置101を小型化することができる。
図15に示すように、突出体110を上下方向に複数段(同図では2段)設けることとしても良い。これにより、浮体102に対する水面7の相対位置が変化しても浮体断面積Abを容易に調整することができる。また、同図に示すように、平面視した場合に、一の段における各突出体110の周方向における配置を、他の段における突出体110の周方向配置に対してずらしても良い。
さらに、水没している突出体110は、浮体102の付加水質量mba(式(2)参照)を調整するように利用することもできる。
また、本実施形態の突出体110は、水平軸線L1回りに回転させて浮体断面積を変化させることとしたが、これに代えて或いはこれに加えて、突出体110の突出方向(浮体102の半径方向)に進退する構成として、浮体断面積を変化させる構成としても良い。
次に、本発明の第4実施形態について、図16を用いて説明する。
本実施形態は、浮体102の動揺を得てウェイト103に往復直線運動を行わせ発電機108によって電力を取り出す構成は同様であるので、同一構成については同一符号を付しその説明を省略する。本発明は、浮体102の質量mb(式(2)参照)を調整することによって浮体の固有周波数(または固有周期)を調整することに特徴がある。
浮体102の中央位置には、筒体114が立設されており、この筒体114内に、ウェイト103、バネ104、ボールネジ軸105、付加質量体106及び発電機108といった往復直線運動を行い発電を行う機構が収納されている。筒体114は、その外部から内部に水が侵入しないように水密に設けられている。
取水弁117及びポンプ119の制御は、図示しない制御部によって行われる。具体的には、制御部は、波高計等の波周期計測手段によって得られた実海域の波周期に基づいて所望の保有水量を予め得られたマップまたは関数に基づいて演算し、取水弁117及びポンプ119を制御して所望の保有水量とする。
図18には、第5実施形態にかかる波力発電装置の概略構成が示されている。
波力発電装置201は、水面7上に上部が露出して浮かぶ浮体202と、バネ204を介して浮体202内に取り付けられた振動体203と、振動体203に対して直接取り付けられた付加質量体206とを備えている。波力発電装置は、図示しないが、振動体203の往復直線運動に基づいて駆動されて発電する発電機を備えている。
付加質量体206は、質量Δmとされ、振動体203に対して直接取り付けられ、例えば取付け取り外しが可能となっている。また、波力の状況に応じて、異なる質量を有する付加質量体206に交換できるようになっていると好ましい。
同図において各記号は以下の通りである。
zm : 振動体203の変位
zb : 浮体202の変位
mm : 振動体203の質量
mb : 浮体202の質量
k : 浮体202-振動体203間バネ定数
kb : 浮力バネ定数
c : 浮体202-振動体203間の減衰定数
cb : 造波減衰定数
Δm : 付加質量
mba : 付加水質量
Ff : 波外力
また、付加質量体の質量Δmを適宜調整することにより振動体の質量mmを小さくすることができ、さらに波力発電装置を小型化することができる。
次に、本発明の第6実施形態について説明する。本実施形態は、付加質量Δmを用いる点は第5実施形態と同様であるが、第5実施形態のように振動体203に対して付加質量体206を直接取り付けるのではなく、振動体によって回転する回転体に対して付加質量体を取り付ける点で相違する。
浮体211は、例えば、縦(図20において紙面に垂直な方向に沿う長さ)5m、横(図20において左右方向に沿う長さ)5m、高さ(図20において上下方向に沿う長さ)20mで、外観がおおよそ長方形状を呈する中空または中実の部材である。浮体211の縦方向および横方向における中央部には、浮体211の上面221と下面222とを連通して、その内部(内側)にケーシング212の上端部(上半部)を収容する貫通穴223が設けられている。貫通穴223は、貫通穴223の内部に収容されるケーシング212の上端部と合致するようにして形成されている。
発電機241は、回転軸251が一方向またはその反対方向に回転させられることにより電力(電気エネルギー)を発生するものであり、(第1の)支持プレート(フレーム)252を介してケーシング212内に取り付けられている。
支持プレート252は、外周面がケーシング212の内周面と合致するようにして形成された板状の部材であり、その中央部には、板厚方向に貫通して発電機241の回転軸251が回転自在に挿通される貫通穴253が形成されている。また、支持プレート252は、ブラケット254を介してケーシング212の内周面に固定され、これにより、発電機241はケーシング212の上端部に位置する密閉空間S内に取り付けられている。
また、ボールネジ軸242の下端には、イナーシャディスク245が取り付けられている(固定されている)。
下方の支持プレート263は、外周面がケーシング212の内周面と合致するようにして形成された板状の部材であり、その中央部には、ベアリング266を収容する貫通穴269が設けられている。また、支持プレート263は、ブラケット270を介してケーシング212の下端部に固定されている。
イナーシャディスク245は、ボールネジ軸242の下端に取り付けられて、ボールネジ軸242とともに回転する、質量Δmを有する板状の部材であり、上面視(下面視)形状は、円形状または多角形状とされている。
同図において各記号は以下の通りである。
zm : ウェイト243の変位
zb : 浮体211の変位
mm : ウェイト243の質量
mb : 浮体211の質量
k : 浮体211-ウェイト243間バネ定数
kb : 浮力バネ定数
c : 浮体211-ウェイト243間の減衰定数
cb : 造波減衰定数
cf : 回転体部減衰定数
I : 回転体の慣性モーメント
mba : 付加水質量
Ff : 波外力
本実施形態の波力発電装置210によれば、式(13)及び式(14)からわかるように、付加質量(Δm)は振動体に付加される質量となる。これより、先に示した式(1)から分かるように、同じ固有振動数を得るとき、付加質量(Δm)を付加すれば、バネ定数を増加できる。すなわち、硬く短いバネ244を使うことができる。これにより、波力発電装置210を小型化することができる。
また、付加質量体の質量を適宜調整することにより振動体の質量を小さくすることができ、さらに波力発電装置を小型化することができる。
例えば、ウェイト243が上方向に移動したときにボールネジ軸242が時計回りに回転し、ウェイト243が下方向に移動したときにボールネジ軸242が反時計回りに回転する場合を想定する。この場合、上方の発電機241aはワンウェイクラッチを介して時計回りにのみ回転駆動され発電する構成とし、下方の発電機241bはワンウェイクラッチを介して反時計回りにのみ回転駆動され発電する構成とする。この様な構成を採用することにより、ウェイト243が上方向に移動する際は上方の発電機241aが発電し、ウェイト243が下方向に移動する際は下方の発電機241bが発電することになり、往復直線運動を行うウェイト243が移動しているときは常にいずれかの発電機241a,241bで発電することができる。
次に、本発明の第7実施形態について、図24~図26を用いて説明する。
上述した第6実施形態では、ウェイト243が上下方向に往復直線運動し、ボールネジ軸242が回転する変換機構を一具体例として挙げて説明したが、本実施形態は、他の変換機構を採用したものであり、ラックとピニオンを用いたものである。なお、浮体の振動に応じてウェイト(振動体)が往復直線運動を行い発電するという構成は上述した実施形態と同様であるので、その説明は省略する。
ラック272の両側には、振動体となる振動体ユニット274を上下方向にガイドするガイドレール276が設けられている。各ガイドレール276は、ケーシング212に対して固定されている。ガイドレール276と振動体ユニット274との間にはボール(図示せず)が設けられており、振動体ユニット274が往復直線運動する際の抵抗(機械的損失)を低減するようになっている。
ウェイト243は、筐体275の底部に固定されている。ウェイト243の質量は、実海域の波周期に応じて適宜調整されている。なお、ウェイト243の設置位置は筐体275に対して取り付けられていれば良く、その設置位置は問わない。また、筐体275の質量を調整することによってウェイト243を省略しても良い。
なお、図27に示すように、本実施形態を変更することができる。同図に示すように、ラック272a,272bを左右に2本設け、それぞれのラック272a,272bに対してピニオン278a,278bを噛合させる。ピニオン278a,278bは、1本の回転軸277に取り付けられており、回転軸277によって中央の発電機241が発電するようになっている。
次に、本発明の第8実施形態について、図28~図31を用いて説明する。
本実施形態は、上述した各実施形態のように鉛直方向のヒーブ運動だけでなく、他の方向(ロール、ピッチ、サージ、スウェイ)の運動をも利用することができるものである。なお、浮体の振動に応じてウェイト(振動体)が往復直線運動を行い発電するという構成は上述した実施形態と同様であるので、その説明は省略する。
電力取出機構213は、第5実施形態と同様に、発電機241、ボールネジ軸242、ウェイト243及びイナーシャディスク245といった主たる構成を備えている。
浮体211’は、図30に示されているように、円筒形の横断面を有する容器となっている。浮体211’内の外周に沿って略等間隔にて電力取出機構213が設置されている。電力取出機構213は鉛直方向に向けて設置されており、ウェイト243の上下方向の往復直線運動によって電力が取り出される。
2,102,202,211,211’ 浮体
3,103,203 ウェイト(振動体)
4,104,204,244 バネ
5,105 ボールネジ軸(回転体)
6,32,106,206 付加質量体
7 水面
8,108,241 発電機
14 移動錘
16 移動用モータ(移動手段)
33 イナーシャディスク
34 ブレード
35 フィン
110 突出体
115 水収容部
119 ポンプ
212 ケーシング(浮体)
213,213’,213” 電力取出機構
242 ボールネジ軸(回転体:変換機構)
243 ウェイト(振動体:変換機構)
245 イナーシャディスク(付加質量体)
272 ラック
274 振動体ユニット(振動体)
276,281 ガイドレール(変換機構)
277 回転軸(回転体)
278 ピニオン
Claims (21)
- バネを介して浮体の内部に取り付けられて、水面の変動に応じて往復直線運動する振動体と、
該振動体の往復直線運動に基づいて駆動されて発電する発電機と、
を備えた波力発電装置において、
前記振動体の質量に対して、質量を付加する付加質量体を備えていることを特徴とする波力発電装置。 - 前記付加質量体の付加質量が調整可能とされていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の波力発電装置。
- 前記振動体の往復直線運動を回転運動に変換する変換機構と、
前記変換機構を介して取り出された回転力により回転するとともに、前記発電機を駆動する回転体と、
を備え、
前記付加質量体は、前記回転体に取り付けられていることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の波力発電装置。 - 前記付加質量体は、前記回転体とともに回転するように取り付けられるとともに、回転中心から半径方向に移動可能とされた移動錘と、該移動錘を半径方向に移動させる移動手段とを備えていることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の波力発電装置。
- 前記付加質量体は、前記回転体とともに回転するように取り付けられるとともに、水中に対して進退することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の波力発電装置。
- 前記付加質量体は、前記回転体に基端部が取り付けられ半径方向に延在するブレードを備えていることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の波力発電装置。
- 前記ブレードのピッチ角が変更可能とされていることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の波力発電装置。
- 前記付加質量体は、前記回転体に固定された回転板状体とされ、
該回転板状体には、フィンが設けられていることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の波力発電装置。 - 前記フィンは、前記回転板状体に対して進退可能とされていることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の波力発電装置。
- 前記変換機構は、ボールネジ、又は、ラック・ピニオンとされていることを特徴とする請求項3から9のいずれか一項に記載の波力発電装置。
- 前記浮体の内部に、往復直線運動方向に沿ってガイドレールが設けられるとともに、このガイドレールと前記振動体との間にボールが設けられ、これらガイドレール、振動体およびボールにより直動ガイドが構成されていることを特徴とする請求項3から10のいずれか一項に記載の波力発電装置。
- 前記振動体と、前記発電機とを備え、該振動体の往復直線運動方向に軸線を有する電力取出機構を備え、
該電力取出機構は、その軸線が前記浮体の重心を通る鉛直軸線上に一致するように配置されていることを特徴とする請求項3から11のいずれか一項に記載の波力発電装置。 - 前記振動体と、前記発電機とを備え、該振動体の往復直線運動方向に軸線を有する電力取出機構を備え、
該電力取出機構は、その軸線が前記浮体の重心を通る鉛直軸線から変位させた位置に平行に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項3から11のいずれか一項に記載の波力発電装置。 - 前記振動体と、前記発電機とを備え、該振動体の往復直線運動方向に軸線を有する電力取出機構を備え、
該電力取出機構は、その軸線が水平となるように配置されていることを特徴とする請求項3から13のいずれか一項に記載の波力発電装置。 - 前記振動体と、前記発電機とを備え、該振動体の往復直線運動方向に軸線を有する電力取出機構を備え、
該電力取出機構は、その軸線が鉛直方向に対して傾斜して配置されていることを特徴とする請求項3から14のいずれか一項に記載の波力発電装置。 - 水面上に浮かぶ浮体と、
該浮体の内部にバネを介して取り付けられ、水面の変動に応じて往復直線運動する振動体と、
該振動体の往復直線運動に基づいて駆動されて発電する発電機と、
を備えた波力発電装置において、
前記浮体の浮体の質量、浮体の付加水質量および浮体の浮力バネ係数の少なくともいずれか1つが調整可能とされていることを特徴とする波力発電装置。 - 前記浮体は、その側面から外方に突出する突出体を備え、
該突出体の姿勢を変化させることによって、水面における浮体断面積が調整可能とされていることを特徴とする請求項16に記載の波力発電装置。 - 前記突出体は、上下方向に複数設けられていることを特徴とする請求項17に記載の波力発電装置。
- 前記浮体内には、水を収容する水収容部が設けられ、
該水収容部の保有水量が調整可能とされていることを特徴とする請求項16から18のいずれか一項に記載の波力発電装置。 - 前記浮体の外部から水を前記水収容部内に取り込み、かつ/または、前記水収容部内の水を前記浮体の外部へと排出するポンプとして、水撃ポンプが用いられていることを特徴とする請求項19に記載の波力発電装置。
- 前記振動体の質量に対して、質量を付加する付加質量体を備え、
該付加質量体の付加質量が調整可能とされていることを特徴とする請求項16から20のいずれか一項に記載の波力発電装置。
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US14/002,189 US9322388B2 (en) | 2011-03-17 | 2012-03-15 | Natural-frequency adjusting mechanism for wave-power generator |
EP12757378.0A EP2687716B1 (en) | 2011-03-17 | 2012-03-15 | Wave power generator with oscillating body and linear to rotary conversion mechanism |
AU2012229831A AU2012229831B8 (en) | 2011-03-17 | 2012-03-15 | Natural-frequency adjusting mechanism for wave-power generator |
CN201280011031.6A CN103403342B (zh) | 2011-03-17 | 2012-03-15 | 波动力发电装置的固有振动调整机构 |
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JP2011080750A JP5738043B2 (ja) | 2011-03-31 | 2011-03-31 | 波力発電装置 |
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EP2687716B1 (en) | 2016-11-09 |
US20140132003A1 (en) | 2014-05-15 |
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EP2687716A1 (en) | 2014-01-22 |
AU2012229831A1 (en) | 2013-09-19 |
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CN103403342A (zh) | 2013-11-20 |
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