WO2012124195A1 - スイッチギヤ - Google Patents
スイッチギヤ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012124195A1 WO2012124195A1 PCT/JP2011/071820 JP2011071820W WO2012124195A1 WO 2012124195 A1 WO2012124195 A1 WO 2012124195A1 JP 2011071820 W JP2011071820 W JP 2011071820W WO 2012124195 A1 WO2012124195 A1 WO 2012124195A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- compartment
- cable
- bus
- switchgear
- ceiling
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02B11/00—Switchgear having carriage withdrawable for isolation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K5/00—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
- H05K5/02—Details
- H05K5/0213—Venting apertures; Constructional details thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02B13/00—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle
- H02B13/02—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle with metal casing
- H02B13/025—Safety arrangements, e.g. in case of excessive pressure or fire due to electrical defect
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02B13/00—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle
- H02B13/02—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle with metal casing
- H02B13/035—Gas-insulated switchgear
- H02B13/0358—Connections to in or out conductors
Definitions
- This invention relates to a metal-closed switchgear, and more particularly to its pressure relief and ventilation structure.
- a switchgear equipped with a pressure relief plate for example, a main circuit equipment room in which drawer-type circuit breakers are stacked in multiple stages on the front side of a ground metal casing and individually accommodated, and a control equipment room Are arranged side by side, and a common discharge duct chamber is provided in the vertical direction behind the control equipment room, and a vertical bus room, a current transformer room, a horizontal bus room, and a cable room are arranged behind them.
- Each of the compartments is partitioned by a partition, and the compartments that are in contact with the ceiling except for the horizontal bus room have a pressure relief plate on the ceiling, and the compartments that are not in contact with the ceiling are commonly used.
- a switchgear that is connected to a pressure duct chamber and has a pressure relief plate on its ceiling is disclosed (see Patent Document 1).
- the inside of the panel is divided into upper and lower circuit breaker rooms, cable rooms, and main bus rooms, and they are separated from each other by partition walls, and vertical exhaust ducts are provided at the center and rear parts of the panel.
- the equipment room placed on the side has an exhaust outlet directly on the ceiling, the lower circuit breaker room, the lower cable room, and the main bus room communicate with the ceiling side via the exhaust duct, and have an exhaust outlet on the ceiling.
- a closed switchboard in which a pressure release plate is provided at each exhaust port is disclosed (see Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 1 in which the pressure is released through the common pressure relief duct chamber, in order to eliminate the influence on other chambers communicating with the common pressure relief duct chamber, since the pressure release plate is provided, there is a problem that the resistance of the pressure release fluid at the time of the accident is increased, and the production and assembly of the common pressure release chamber are troublesome.
- Patent Document 2 in which a pressure release path is individually provided by an exhaust duct, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated at the time of an internal short-circuit accident is first discharged from the exhaust port of the chamber to the exhaust duct in the horizontal direction. Since the flow path is changed in the direction and the path reaching the outlet of the ceiling is followed, the fluid resistance is also increased.
- This invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and occurs due to an internal short-circuit accident or the like by devising a route from the compartment that houses the main circuit equipment to the pressure relief opening provided in the ceiling.
- the purpose is to suppress the pressure rise in the compartment.
- the switchgear according to the present invention is a switch in which the inside of a housing is partitioned into a plurality of compartments, and a bus and a device that constitutes a branch circuit of two or more lines branched from the bus are accommodated in each of the plurality of compartments
- the devices that make up the branch circuit are arranged in the upper and lower stages in the casing and shifted left and right, between the side wall of the upper equipment compartment that houses the equipment arranged in the upper stage and the side wall of the casing.
- the devices constituting the branch circuit are arranged in the upper and lower stages of the casing and shifted to the left and right, and the side walls of the upper equipment compartment and the side walls of the casing that accommodate the equipment arranged in the upper stage
- the space formed between the bus compartment and the lower equipment compartment housing the equipment placed in the lower tier is the path leading to the ceiling of the housing, and the bus compartment and all equipment compartments are individually encased. Since it has an opening that is directly connected to the ceiling of the body and opens to the outside, when releasing high-pressure and high-temperature gas generated by a short-circuit accident etc.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a bus compartment viewed from an arrow III-III in FIG. It is a figure which shows the cable compartment seen from the back side of FIG. It is a top view of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the upper stage circuit breaker compartment of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the lower-stage circuit breaker compartment of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the bus-line compartment of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the upper stage cable compartment of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the lower stage cable compartment of FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a plan view of FIG. 13. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows another example of the switchgear by Embodiment 1 of this invention.
- FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a switchgear according to Embodiment 1
- FIG. 2 is a view of the inside of the circuit breaker compartment from the front side
- FIG. 3 is a view of the busbar compartment from the arrow III-III in FIG. 4 is a view of the inside of the cable compartment as seen from the back side
- FIG. 5 is a plan view of FIG.
- the internal structure of the switchgear will be described with reference to FIG.
- the inside of the ground metal casing 1 constituting the switch gear is partitioned by a partition plate into a plurality of compartments.
- Each of the compartments accommodates a bus and devices constituting a branch circuit of two or more lines branched from the bus.
- a switchgear provided with a two-line branch circuit having a circuit breaker and a cable connected to the circuit breaker will be described as an example of a device constituting the branch circuit.
- a control equipment compartment 2 in which a control equipment (not shown) is accommodated
- the upper side behind the control equipment compartment 2 Is the upper-stage circuit breaker compartment 4 in which the drawer-type circuit breaker 3a is accommodated
- the lower side is the lower-stage circuit breaker compartment 5 in which the same drawer-type circuit breaker 3b is accommodated.
- the upper circuit breaker 3a and the lower circuit breaker 3b are arranged so as to be shifted in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. Each circuit breaker 3a, 3b can be pulled out from the front side.
- Main circuit disconnecting portions 6a, 6b and 6c, 6d are provided through the rear walls of the upper circuit breaker compartment 4 and the lower circuit breaker compartment 5 at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, and the circuit breakers 3a, The upper and lower connection terminals protruding from the back surface of 3b can be attached and detached.
- the main circuit disconnecting portions 6a to 6d are provided with disconnecting terminals 7a to 7d.
- FIG. 1 shows a state in which each of the circuit breakers 3a and 3b is separated from the main circuit disconnecting portion and pulled out slightly forward.
- the bus compartment 10 in which the three-phase bus 8 is supported and accommodated by the support insulator 9 is arranged at the center of the casing 1 in the vertical direction behind the double-stage circuit breaker compartments 4 and 5.
- the disconnection terminal 7b of the main circuit disconnection part 6b connected to one end of the connection terminal of the upper circuit breaker 3a and the main terminal connected to one end of the connection terminal of the lower circuit breaker 3b.
- the disconnecting terminal 7 c of the circuit disconnecting portion 6 c is connected by the branch conductor 11, and the branch conductor 11 is connected to the bus 8.
- the load side cable 12a is connected and accommodated in the upper part of the rear side of the bus compartment 10 to the disconnecting terminal 7a of the main circuit disconnecting part 6a connected to the other end of the connecting terminal of the upper circuit breaker 3a.
- the upper cable compartment 13 is disposed, and the load side cable 12b is connected to the disconnection terminal 7d of the main circuit disconnection part 6d connected to the other end side of the connection terminal of the lower circuit breaker 3b on the lower stage side.
- the lower cable compartment 14 housed in this manner is arranged.
- the cable compartments 13 and 14 are arranged so as to be shifted in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 1, but the detailed shape and internal configuration will be described later.
- the upper branch circuit is connected from the bus 8 to the upper cable 12a via the upper circuit breaker 3a and led to the external load, and from the bus 8 to the lower circuit breaker 3b. Then, the devices constituting the two lines of the lower branch circuit connected to the cable 12b and led to the external load are accommodated in the respective compartments.
- the internal configuration of the housing 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 is an example, and is not limited to the arrangement configuration illustrated. Usually, it is composed of a compartment for storing a drawer-type device, a bus compartment, a cable compartment, and a control device compartment, but there may be no cable compartment, and other configurations may be used.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram of the inside of the upper circuit breaker compartment 4 and the lower circuit breaker compartment 5 as viewed from the front side, and is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the circuit breaker compartments 4 and 5.
- the circuit breaker 3a and the circuit breaker 3b are arranged in the upper and lower circuit breaker compartments 4 and 5, respectively. As shown in the figure, the upper circuit breaker 3a is disposed on the right when viewed from the front, and the lower circuit breaker 3b is disposed on the left when viewed from the front with the center shifted.
- the circuit breakers 3a and 3b may be arranged in the left-right direction reversely (upper is left and lower is right).
- circuit breakers 3a and 3b By disposing both circuit breakers 3a and 3b to the left and right, a space formed between the left wall of the upper circuit breaker compartment 4 and the left wall of the housing 1 above the lower circuit breaker 3b, The lower circuit breaker compartment 5 is used as a part of the lower circuit breaker compartment 5, and the lower circuit breaker compartment 5 is secured as a pressure release path 5 a directly connected to the ceiling of the housing 1.
- FIGS. 6A and 6B are perspective views in which only the upper-stage circuit breaker compartment 4 is taken out.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram viewed from the front upper right
- FIG. 6B is a diagram viewed from the rear upper right.
- the internal storage device is shown through.
- the ceiling part of the upper circuit breaker compartment 4 also serves as the ceiling of the housing 1, the opening 21 is formed here, and the pressure release plate 22 is provided so as to close the opening 21.
- the pressure release plate 22 indicated by a solid line shows an opened state after an internal short circuit accident (the same applies to the following perspective views). Normally, the opening 21 is closed as shown in FIG.
- the pressure release plate 22 may be provided with a ventilation function by providing a ventilation port, a filter, and the like (the same applies to each pressure release plate described below). This makes it easy to dissipate the heat generated in each compartment during normal operation of the switchgear from the compartment ceiling to the outside, and it is possible to implement heat dissipation measures at low cost for the internal temperature rise of the switchgear. Become. Further, instead of the pressure release plate, a device such as a pressure release tower may be provided, but in the following description, the pressure release plate will be representatively described.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view in which only the lower-stage circuit breaker compartment 5 is taken out, (a) is a view seen from the front side, and (b) is a view seen from the back side.
- the upper circuit breaker compartment 4 shown in FIG. 6 is combined with the upper circuit breaker compartment 5 to form upper and lower circuit breaker compartments.
- the pressure release path 5a is directly connected to the ceiling portion of the housing 1, the upper surface is also used as the ceiling of the housing 1, and an opening 23 for pressure release and heat dissipation is formed here, A pressure relief plate 24 is provided so as to close the opening 23.
- the opening 23 shown in FIG. 7 is drawn with a smaller area than the opening 21 in FIG. 6 for convenience, but the area of the opening in the ceiling is mainly the arc energy, the volume of the compartment, and It is determined by the allowable pressure. Further, the cross-sectional area of the pressure release passage 5a of the lower breaker compartment 5 is also determined by the arc energy at the time of an internal short-circuit accident, so that it may be set to the minimum necessary size, and thereby the upper and lower breakers 3a and 3b The dimensions of the housing 1 to be shifted in the width direction are determined.
- each compartment of the circuit breaker compartments 4 and 5 the location where the cross-sectional area in the pressure relief path from the internal device storage portion to the opening changes is inclined, for example, about 45 ° on the wall surface of the compartment so as not to change suddenly.
- the cross-sectional area is gradually changed.
- the wall surface of the part where the cross-sectional area in the pressure relief passage changes is shaped so that the wall surface is inclined and the cross-section is gently changed, as described above.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a bus compartment 10 portion viewed in the direction of arrows III-III in FIG. The illustration is omitted except for the main part.
- the upper circuit breaker compartment 4 described above is arranged on the right side when viewed from the front side, and the upper cable compartment 13 is also arranged on the right side correspondingly, so that a space formed on the left side (FIG. 3 shows the rear surface).
- the right space) is used as the pressure relief passage 10a of the bus compartment 10.
- the pressure release passage 10a passes directly through the ceiling of the housing 1, and the upper portion also serves as the ceiling of the housing 1.
- a pressure release plate 26 is provided in an opening 25 formed in the ceiling. Note that the arrangement and shape of the pressure release passage 10a vary depending on the arrangement of the circuit breaker compartments 4 and 5.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view in which only the bus compartment 10 is taken out.
- FIG. 8A is a view seen from the front side
- FIG. 8B is a view seen from the back side.
- the branch conductor 11 that connects the disconnect terminals 7 b and 7 c and the bus bar 8 includes a straight branch conductor 11 a that connects the disconnect terminals 7 b and 7 c, and the branch conductor 11 a and the bus bar 8. And a branch conductor 11b for connecting the two.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing the arrangement of the cable compartments 13 and 14 as viewed from the back side of FIG.
- the upper cable compartment 13 is arranged on the left side and the lower cable compartment 14 is arranged on the right side.
- the arrangement of the cable compartment depends on the arrangement of the circuit breakers 3a and 3b
- the arrangement of the circuit breaker compartments 4 and 5 is shown.
- the arrangement and shape of each cable compartment 13, 14 may vary.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view in which only the upper cable compartment 13 is taken out
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view in which only the lower cable compartment 14 is taken out. In either case, (a) is a view seen from the front side, and (b) is a view seen from the back side.
- the upper cable compartment 13 will be described with reference to FIGS. Since the upper circuit breaker compartment 4 is structured to be shifted to the right side when viewed from the front of the switchgear, the corresponding upper cable compartment 13 is also positioned on the right side (left side when viewed from the back side as shown in FIG. 4). It is close.
- the disconnecting terminal 7a and the cable 12a are connected by a connecting conductor 15a, and a current transformer 16a is provided through the connecting conductor 15a.
- a ground switch 17a is connected to the disconnect terminal 7a.
- the ceiling of the upper cable compartment 13 is also used as the ceiling of the housing 1.
- An opening 27 is formed, and a pressure relief plate 28 is provided so as to close the opening 27.
- the cable 12a is fixed in a state where the surface of the cable is grounded by a support metal fitting 18a provided in the middle from the cable drawing portion to the cable terminal.
- a zero-phase current transformer 19a is penetrated at the lower end side, and thereafter, the zero-phase current transformer 19a is drawn out of the switch gear and connected to another power device. Since the surface of the cable 12a is grounded in the region below the support bracket 18a, it is not necessary to secure an insulation distance between the cable surface and the side wall of the compartment, which is a ground metal, and therefore the space required for installing the cable is small. It's okay. Therefore, the cable compartment 13 secures a necessary space in the width direction in order to accommodate the connection conductor 15a, the current transformer 16a, the grounding switch 17a, etc. on the upper side in the switch gear, and the cable wiring on the lower side. In addition, the space in the width direction is reduced, and the space in the width direction of the cable compartment 13 is made the minimum necessary below the support bracket 18a.
- the disconnecting terminal 7d and the cable 12b are connected by a connecting conductor 15b, and a current transformer 16b is provided through the connecting conductor 15b.
- a ground switch 17b is connected to the disconnect terminal 7d.
- the cable 12b is fixed in a state where the surface of the cable is grounded by a support fitting 18b provided in the middle.
- a zero-phase current transformer 19b is penetrated at the lower end side, and then the previous cable is drawn out of the switchgear and connected to another power device. As shown in FIGS.
- connection conductor 15b there is a maximum space in the width direction on the lower side, and the above-described connection conductor 15b, current transformer 16b, ground switch 17b, and the like are accommodated.
- the shape of the connection conductor 15b is made as long as possible in order to ensure the length used for the terminal processing of the cable 12b.
- a space formed between the upper right wall of the upper cable compartment 13 and the right wall of the housing 1 is defined as a pressure release path 14 a of the lower cable compartment 14.
- the ceiling side is also used as the ceiling of the housing 1.
- An opening 29 is formed, and a pressure relief plate 30 is provided so as to close the opening 29.
- the portion where the cross-sectional area of the pressure release path is small is provided with an inclined surface so as to change smoothly.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view of FIG. 1, showing a ceiling portion. The pressure relief plate is not shown.
- the control device compartment 2 When viewed from the front side (left side in the figure), the control device compartment 2, the upper circuit breaker compartment 4 having the opening 21 on the right side behind the control device compartment 2, the lower circuit breaker compartment 5 having the opening 23 on the left side, and the upper circuit breaker
- the rear side of the compartment 4 is an upper cable compartment 13 having an opening 27,
- the rear side of the lower circuit breaker compartment 5 is a bus compartment 10 having an opening 25, and the rear side thereof is a lower cable compartment 14 having an opening 29.
- Each of the circuit breaker compartments 4, 5, the busbar compartment 10, and each of the cable compartments 13, 14 has a structure in which the ceiling of the switch gear is partitioned in the width direction and the depth direction.
- the feature of the present application is that all the compartments that house the main circuit device other than the control device compartment 2 are directly connected to the ceiling of the housing 1 and have openings.
- a pressure relief plate is provided in each opening.
- the pressure relief passage can be secured without increasing the size of the.
- Each of the pressure release plates 22, 24, 26, 28, 30 is closed in a normal operation state and is in a state indicated by a solid line in FIG. 1, but an accident has occurred inside the switchgear housing.
- the pressure relief plate is opened by the high-pressure and high-temperature gas caused by the accident, and the pressure-release plate of the compartment where the accident occurred is in a broken line state to release internal pressure and high-temperature gas.
- FIG. 11 is a side sectional view showing a switchgear of the modified example of FIG. 1
- FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing a cable compartment as seen from the back side.
- the cable drawing direction is from the switchgear ceiling side.
- Each cable 12a, 12b accommodated in the upper cable compartment 31 and the lower cable compartment 32 is drawn from the ceiling side. Even in this case, as in the case of FIG.
- the two circuit breakers 3a and 3b are arranged at the upper right part and the lower left part of the switch gear, or the upper left part and the lower right part of the switch gear, respectively, thereby accommodating the main circuit device. All of the compartments can have openings that connect directly to the switchgear ceiling.
- FIG. 13A is a view of the inside of the circuit breaker compartment as viewed from the front side
- FIG. 13B is a view of the inside of the cable compartment as viewed from the back side, corresponding to FIGS. 2 and 4.
- FIG. 14 is a plan view corresponding to FIG.
- the side view is equivalent to FIG. 1, 2, 4, and 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and only differences are described.
- the difference is that the difference in the opening area of the opening that opens in the ceiling is reduced.
- the side walls in the vicinity of the ceiling that are open to the ceiling are formed so as to be inclined.
- the opening area of the ceiling portion is larger, the amount of high-pressure and high-temperature gas generated at the time of an internal short-circuit is discharged out of the switchgear, so that an increase in internal pressure can be suppressed.
- FIG. 13 (a) on the ceiling side of the lower circuit breaker compartment 5, the upper portion of the right side wall of the pressure release passage 5a is inclined obliquely upward in the vicinity thereof, and the opening 34 is compared with FIG. Increased.
- FIG. 13B also in the vicinity of the ceiling side of the lower cable compartment 14, the side wall of the pressure release passage 14a is inclined obliquely upward, and the opening 37 is made larger than that in FIG.
- the opening 35 is also formed in the same manner in the vicinity of the ceiling side of the bus compartment 10. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 14, the opening 33 of the upper circuit breaker compartment 4 and the opening 36 of the upper cable compartment 13 were made smaller than those of FIG.
- the part where the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief path changes is divided obliquely with respect to the pressure relief flow path as before.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 1, and equivalent parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and only differences will be described.
- the bus compartment is at the center in the vertical direction of the housing 1, and the three-phase buses are arranged side by side in the vertical direction.
- the bus compartment 38 includes an upper bus compartment portion 38a, a lower bus compartment portion 38b, and a pressure relief passage portion 38c that connects the upper and lower bus compartment portions 38a and 38b and also serves as a pressure relief passage.
- the cable 12a of the upper cable compartment 13 is connected to the main circuit disconnecting portion 6b by a connection conductor 15a, and a ground switch 17a is connected thereto.
- the pressure release passage portion 38c of the bus compartment 38 is arranged on the back side of the upper cable compartment 13 although it does not appear in the drawing. (Position corresponding to the pressure release passage 10a in FIG. 8)
- a branch conductor 11b connected to the bus 8 and the main circuit disconnecting part 6a is accommodated in the upper side bus compartment part 38a, and a branch conductor 11b connected to the main circuit disconnecting part 6c is accommodated in the lower side bus compartment part 38b.
- the branching conductor 11a that connects the main circuit disconnecting portions 6a and 6c is accommodated in the pressure relief passage portion 38c. Even in such a configuration, it is possible to obtain the same operational effects as in the case of FIG.
- the bus and the equipment constituting the two-line branch circuit branched from the bus are housed in each compartment.
- the inside of the housing is partitioned into a plurality of compartments, and a bus and a device that constitutes a branch circuit of two or more circuits branched from the bus are a plurality of
- the devices constituting the branch circuit are arranged in the upper and lower stages in the casing and are shifted to the left and right, and the side walls of the upper equipment compartment that accommodates the equipment arranged in the upper stage
- the space formed between the housing and the side wall of the housing is a path leading to the housing ceiling of the bus compartment that houses the bus and the lower equipment compartment that houses the equipment arranged in the lower stage, and the bus compartment and all equipment compartments Has an opening that is directly connected to the ceiling of the housing and opens to the outside.
- the equipment constituting the branch circuit has at least a circuit breaker and a cable connected to the circuit breaker for each branch circuit, and the circuit breakers are connected to the upper and lower circuit breaker compartments arranged in front of the busbar compartment. Since the cables are housed in the upper and lower cable compartments located behind the bus compartment, the opening of each compartment can be ceilingd regardless of whether the cable is pulled in on the floor side or ceiling side of the housing. It can be easily formed on the side, and the above effect can be obtained.
- the cable housed in the cable compartment is grounded at the middle of the cable compartment from the cable lead-in part to the cable terminal by supporting at least one place on the wall of the cable compartment with a support bracket, Since it is not necessary to secure an insulation distance between the cable and the side wall of the compartment, the space required for installing the cable may be small, and the switch gear can be miniaturized.
- the section where the cross-sectional area changes in the pressure relief path from the inside of each compartment to the opening is provided with a slope on the wall surface of the compartment so that it changes slowly, so when a short-circuit accident or the like occurs inside the compartment It is possible to reduce the fluid resistance when the pressure is released and to reduce the cross-sectional area required for the pressure release path. Therefore, the switch gear can be reduced in size.
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Abstract
Description
また、例えば、盤内を上下段の遮断器室,ケーブル室,主母線室に区画してその相互間を隔壁で離隔し、盤内の中央部と後部に縦方向の排気ダクトを設け、上段側に配置した機器室は直接天井に排気口を有し、下段の遮断器室,下段のケーブル室,及び主母線室は排気ダクトを経由して天井側と連通し、天井に排気口を有し、各排気口に放圧板が備えられた閉鎖配電盤が開示されている(特許文献2参照)。
また、特許文献2に示すようなスイッチギヤでは、下段側に配置された機器室内で短絡事故等が発生した場合、加熱膨張した空気は、排気ダクトを経由して天井側に向かい、天井側に設けられた放圧板が開放し、外部へ高温高圧ガスが放出されることで、スイッチギヤ内部の圧力上昇を抑制する。
また、排気ダクトにより個別に放圧路を設けた特許文献2のような構成では、内部短絡事故時に発生する高温高圧ガスは、当該室の排気口からまず水平方向に排気ダクトへ放出され、直角方向に流路を変えて天井部の排出口に達するような経路をたどるので、やはり流体抵抗が大きくなる。
このため、例えば扉やカバーなど、高温高圧ガスがスイッチギヤ外部へ噴出する恐れのある箇所を含め、スイッチギヤ筺体の剛性を高めておく必要があった。特に故障電流が大きく、故障継続時間が長い大規模な電気事故の場合には、内部圧力上昇値が大きく、高温高圧ガスが放出する勢いが強くなり、外部に面した扉およびカバー部を含めてスイッチギヤを構成する筐体の剛性を更に補強するなど、スイッチギヤ製作にかかる費用が高くなるという問題点があった。
また、コンパートメントを構成する壁面やスイッチギヤの外部に面した扉及びカバー部等の補強を減らすことが可能となり、スイッチギヤの製作コストを低減できる。
図1は実施の形態1によるスイッチギヤを示す側面断面図であり、図2はその正面側から遮断器コンパートメント内部を見た図、図3は図1の矢印III-IIIから母線コンパートメントを見た図、図4は背面側からケーブルコンパートメント内部を見た図、図5は図1の平面図である。
まず図1によりスイッチギヤの内部構成について説明する。図に示すように、スイッチギヤを構成する接地金属製の筐体1の内部は、仕切板によって仕切られて複数のコンパートメントに区画されている。コンパートメントのそれぞれには、母線と母線から分岐した2回線以上の分岐回路を構成する機器とが収容されている。本実施の形態では、分岐回路を構成する機器として、遮断器とその遮断器に接続されるケーブルとを有する2回線の分岐回路を備えたスイッチギヤを例に説明する。
上段側の遮断器3aと下段側の遮断器3bは図1で紙面に垂直方向にずらせて配置されているが、詳細は後述する。
各遮断器3a,3bは正面側から引き出し可能となっている。上段遮断器コンパートメント4、及び下段遮断器コンパートメント5の各後壁には、上下に所定の間隔を隔てて主回路断路部6a,6b、及び6c,6dが貫設されており、遮断器3a,3bの背面に突出した上下の接続端子と着脱できるようになっている。そして主回路断路部6a~6dには、断路端子7a~7dが設けられている。図1では、各遮断器3a,3bが主回路断路部から切り離されて少し前方に引き出された状態を示している。
なお、図1に示す筐体1の内部構成は、一例を示すものであり、図の配置構成に限定するものではない。通常は引出形機器を収納するコンパートメント、母線コンパートメント、ケーブルコンパートメント及び制御機器コンパートメントで構成されるが、ケーブルコンパートメントが無い場合もあり、またこれら以外の構成でも良い。
図2は、上段遮断器コンパートメント4と下段遮断器コンパートメント5の内部を正面側から見た図であり、両遮断器コンパートメント4,5の配置関係を示す図である。遮断器3aと遮断器3bは上段および下段の各遮断器コンパートメント4,5にそれぞれ配置されている。図のように、上段の遮断器3aを正面から見て右に配置し、下段の遮断器3bを正面からみて左に、中心をずらせて配置している。なお、遮断器3a,3bの左右方向の配置は逆(上段が左、下段が右)であってもよい。
両遮断器3a,3bを左右にずらせて配置することで、下段の遮断器3bの上方で、上段遮断器コンパートメント4の左壁と筐体1の左壁との間に形成される空間を、下段遮断器コンパートメント5の一部として利用し、この部分を下段遮断器コンパートメント5が直接筐体1の天井へ繋がる放圧路5aとして確保している。
上段遮断器コンパートメント4の天井部が筺体1の天井を兼ねており、ここに開口部21を形成し、開口部21を塞ぐように放圧板22を設けている。図6で、実線で示した放圧板22は、内部短絡事故後の開放した状態を示している(以下の斜視図も同様)。通常は、図2のように開口部21は塞がれている。
なお、放圧板22に、換気口とフィルタ等を設けて換気機能を持たせても良い(以下で説明する各放圧板も同様)。そうすれば、スイッチギヤの通常運転時に各コンパートメントで発生した熱を自らのコンパートメント天井部より外部へ放熱することが容易となり、スイッチギヤの内部温度上昇に対する放熱対策を安価に実施することが可能となる。
また、放圧板ではなく、放圧塔のようなものを備えても良いが、以下の説明では放圧板で代表して説明する。
下段遮断器コンパートメント5の上部に図6の上段遮断器コンパートメント4が組み合わされて上下の遮断器コンパートメントが形成される。
先に説明したように、放圧路5aが筐体1の天井部に直接繋がっており、上面を筐体1の天井と兼用し、ここに放圧および放熱用の開口部23を形成し、開口部23を塞ぐように放圧板24を設けている。
また、下段遮断器コンパートメント5の放圧路5aの断面積も、内部短絡事故時のアークエネルギー等から決まるので、必要最小の寸法にすればよく、それにより、上下段の遮断器3a,3bを筐体1の幅方向へずらせる寸法が決まってくる。
なお、以下に説明する他のコンパートメントにおいても、放圧路における断面積が変化する箇所の壁面は、上記と同様に、壁面に傾斜を設けて断面を緩やかに変化させるように形状にしているが、図を参照することで個々の説明は省略する。
図3は図1において矢印III-III方向に見た母線コンパートメント10部分を示す図である。要部以外は図示を省略している。先に説明した上段遮断器コンパートメント4は、正面側から見て右寄りに配置されており、それに対応して上段ケーブルコンパートメント13も右寄りに配置されているので、左側にできたスペース(図3は背面から見ているので右側のスペース)を母線コンパートメント10の放圧路10aとして利用している。放圧路10aは筐体1の天井に直通して上部は筐体1の天井を兼ねており、その天井に形成した開口部25に放圧板26を設けている。なお、放圧路10aの配置や形状は、遮断器コンパートメント4,5の配置によって変化する。
図3及び図8に示すように、断路端子7b,7cと母線8とを接続する分岐導体11は、断路端子7bと7cを連結する真っ直ぐな分岐導体11aと、その分岐導体11aと母線8とを連結する分岐導体11bとによって構成されている。このように、固定された断路端子7bおよび7cを直線導体の分岐導体11aで連結することで、分岐導体11aにかかる力に対する耐性を増大することが可能となり、母線8を支持する支持碍子9(図8参照)の数を削減することができる。
図4は、図1の背面側から見たケーブルコンパートメント13,14の配置を示す図である。図では、左側が上段ケーブルコンパートメント13、右側が下段ケーブルコンパートメント14の配置となっているが、ケーブルコンパートメントの配置は遮断器3a,3bの配置に依存するため、各遮断器コンパートメント4,5の配置によっては、各ケーブルコンパートメント13,14の配置および形状は変化する。
図9は、上段ケーブルコンパートメント13のみを取り出した斜視図であり、図10は下段ケーブルコンパートメント14のみを取り出した斜視図である。いずれも、(a)は正面側から見た図、(b)は背面側から見た図である。
上段遮断器コンパートメント4がスイッチギヤの正面から見て右側に寄った構造となっているので、対応する上段ケーブルコンパートメント13も正面から見て右側(図4のように裏面側から見て左側)に寄っている。
断路端子7aとケーブル12aとの間は、接続導体15aによって接続され、その途中には変流器16aが貫通して設けられている。また断路端子7aには接地開閉器17aが接続されている。
上段ケーブルコンパートメント13の天井は筐体1の天井と兼用されており、開口部27が形成されて、それを塞ぐように放圧板28が設けられている。
支持金具18aから下の領域ではケーブル12aの表面は接地されているので、ケーブル表面と接地金属であるコンパートメントの側壁との絶縁距離を確保する必要が無いため、ケーブルの設置に必要なスペースは少なくてよい。そのため、ケーブルコンパートメント13はスイッチギヤ内の上部側では、前述の接続導体15a,変流器16aならびに接地開閉器17a等を収納するために幅方向に必要スペースを確保し、下部側ではケーブル配線に併せて幅方向のスペースを縮小させ、支持金具18a部から下方では、ケーブルコンパートメント13の幅方向のスペースを必要最小限としている。
上段側と同様に、断路端子7dとケーブル12bとの間は、接続導体15bによって接続され、その途中には変流器16bが貫通して設けられている。また断路端子7dには接地開閉器17bが接続されている。
ケーブル12bは途中に設けた支持金具18bでケーブル表面を接地した状態で固定される。下端側には零相変流器19bが貫通されており、それから先のケーブルはスイッチギヤの外部に引き出されて他の電力機器に接続される。
図4及び図10に示すように、下部側で幅方向に最大のスペースをもち、上述の接続導体15b,変流器16bならびに接地開閉器17b等を収容する。接続導体15bの形状はケーブル12bの端末処理に用いる長さを確保するために、可能な限り上下に長くしている。
各遮断器コンパートメント4,5と、母線コンパートメント10及び各ケーブルコンパートメント13,14とが、それぞれスイッチギヤの天井を幅方向及び奥行き方向に区切る形で仕切られた構造となっている。
上段と下段の機器の配置を左右にずらせることにより、上段機器コンパートメントの側壁と筐体の壁面とに形成されるスペースを、下段機器コンパートメントの放圧路に利用したので、必要以上にスイッチギヤの寸法を増加させることなく放圧路を確保できる。
各放圧板22,24,26,28,30は、正常運転の状態では閉じられており、図1中に実線で示した状態であるが、万一スイッチギヤの筐体内部で事故が発生した時には、事故による高圧・高温ガスによって放圧板は開放され、事故のあったコンパートメントの放圧板が破線の状態となり、内部圧力と高温のガスを放出するようになっている。
図11は、図1の変形例のスイッチギヤを示す側面断面図であり、図12はその背面から見たケーブルコンパートメントを示す断面図である。図1と同等部分は同一部号を付して説明を省略する。
相違点は、ケーブルの引き込み方向がスイッチギヤ天井部側からとなった点である。上段ケーブルコンパートメント31及び下段ケーブルコンパートメント32に収容される各ケーブル12a,12bは天井側から引き込まれている。この場合でも、図1の場合と同様に、2つの遮断器3a,3bをそれぞれスイッチギヤ右上部ならびに左下部、或いはスイッチギヤの左上部ならびに右下部に配置することで、主回路機器を収納するコンパートメントの全てがスイッチギヤ天井部に直結する開口部をもつことが可能である。
図13(a)は正面側から遮断器コンパートメント内部を見た図、(b)は背面側からケーブルコンパートメント内部を見た図であり、図2及び図4に対応する図である。また図14はその平面図であり図5に対応する図である。なお、側面図は図1と同等である。図1,図2,図4,図5と同等部分は同一符号で示して説明は省略し、相違点のみを説明する。
相違点は、天井部に開口する開口部の開口面積の差異を少なくした点である。このために、下段または中段のコンパートメントの天井へ通じる放圧路において、天井へ開口する近傍の側壁を、開口部が広がるように傾斜を持たせて形成している。
天井部の開口面積が広いほど、内部短絡時に発生する高圧高温ガスをスイッチギヤの外に排出する量が増えるため、内部圧力の上昇を抑制することができる。
これに伴い、図14に示すように、上段遮断器コンパートメント4の開口部33と上段ケーブルコンパートメント13の開口部36は図5と比較して小さくした。放圧経路の断面積が変化する箇所は、これまでと同様に放圧の流路に対して斜めに区画している。
また、内部短絡事故時のアークエネルギーが増加し天井部の開口部の面積増加が必要な場合に、天井のスペースを有効に活用しながら、開口面積の差異を少なくできるので、スイッチギヤの筐体寸法が拡大するのを抑制できる。
図15は、図1に対応する図であり、同等部分は同一符号で示して説明は省略し、相違点のみを説明する。
図1の場合では、母線コンパートメントは筐体1の上下方向の中央部に有り、3相の母線は上下方向に並べて配置されていたが、図15の例では、母線8は、上端及び下段遮断器コンパートメント4,5の後方の上部側に、前後方向に並べて水平配置されている。
母線コンパートメント38は、上部側母線コンパートメント部38aと、下部側母線コンパートメント部38bと、この上下の母線コンパートメント部38a,38bを接続すると共に放圧路を兼ねる放圧路部38cとから成っている。
上部側母線コンパートメント部38aには、母線8と主回路断路部6aに接続される分岐導体11bが収容され、下部側母線コンパートメント部38bには、主回路断路部6cに接続される分岐導体11bが収容され、放圧路部38cには、主回路断路部6aと6cを連結する分岐導体11aが収容されている。
このような構成においても、図1の場合と同様な作用効果を得ることができる。
また、コンパートメントを構成する壁面やスイッチギヤの外部に面した扉及びカバー部等の補強を減らすことが可能となり、スイッチギヤの製作コストを低減できる。
3a,3b 遮断器 4 上段遮断器コンパートメント
5 下段遮断器コンパートメント 5a 放圧路
6a~6d 主回路断路部 7a~7d 断路端子
8 母線 9 支持碍子
10 母線コンパートメント 10a 放圧路
11,11a,11b 分岐導体 12a,12b ケーブル
13 上段ケーブルコンパートメント
14 下段ケーブルコンパートメント
14a 放圧路 15a,15b 接続導体
16a,16b 変流器 17a,17b 接地開閉器
18a,18b 支持金具 19a,19b 零相変流器
21,23,25,27,29 開口部
22,24,26,28,30 放圧板
31 上段ケーブルコンパートメント
32 下段ケーブルコンパートメント
33~37 開口部 38 母線コンパートメント
38a 上部側母線コンパートメント部
38b 下部側母線コンパートメント部
38c放圧路部。
Claims (4)
- 筐体の内部が複数のコンパートメントに区画され、母線とその母線から分岐した2回線以上の分岐回路を構成する機器とが、前記複数のコンパートメントのそれぞれに収容されたスイッチギヤにおいて、
前記分岐回路を構成する機器は前記筐体内の上段と下段に配置されると共に左右にずらせて配置され、
前記上段に配置された機器を収容する上段機器コンパートメントの側壁と前記筐体の側壁との間に形成される空間を、前記母線を収容する母線コンパートメント及び前記下段に配置された機器を収容する下段機器コンパートメントの筐体天井へ通じる経路とし、
前記母線コンパートメント及び全ての前記機器コンパートメントは、個別に前記筐体の天井部に直結されて外部へ開口する開口部を有していることを特徴とするスイッチギヤ。 - 請求項1記載のスイッチギヤにおいて、
前記分岐回路を構成する機器は、前記分岐回路毎に少なくとも遮断器とその遮断器に接続されるケーブルとを有し、前記遮断器は前記母線コンパートメントの前方に配置された上段及び下段の遮断器コンパートメントに収容され、前記ケーブルは前記母線コンパートメントの後方に配置された上段及び下段のケーブルコンパートンメントに収容されていることを特徴とするスイッチギヤ。 - 請求項2記載のスイッチギヤにおいて、
前記ケーブルコンパートメントに収容される前記ケーブルは、ケーブル引込部からケーブル端子までの途中において、少なくとも一箇所が支持金具によって前記ケーブルコンパートメントの壁面に支持されて前記ケーブルの外皮が接地されていることを特徴とするスイッチギヤ。 - 請求項1~請求項3のいずれか1項に記載のスイッチギヤにおいて、
前記各コンパートメントの内部から前記開口部へ向かう放圧経路で断面積が変化する部分は、緩やかに変化するように前記コンパートメントの壁面に傾斜が設けられていることを特徴とするスイッチギヤ。
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US14/001,516 US9144161B2 (en) | 2011-03-16 | 2011-09-26 | Switchgear |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HK1189301A1 (zh) | 2014-05-30 |
JP5274608B2 (ja) | 2013-08-28 |
US20130327623A1 (en) | 2013-12-12 |
JP2012196044A (ja) | 2012-10-11 |
KR20130110229A (ko) | 2013-10-08 |
CN103444026A (zh) | 2013-12-11 |
KR101337012B1 (ko) | 2013-12-05 |
CN103444026B (zh) | 2015-12-02 |
US9144161B2 (en) | 2015-09-22 |
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